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Graph Ed Tutorial
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The Graph Edition, also called "Graph(Ed)", contains OrientDB server integrated with latest release of the TinkerPop Open Source technology stack:
- Blueprints provides a collection of interfaces and implementations to common, complex data structures. In short, Blueprints provides a one stop shop for implemented interfaces to help developers create software without being tied to particular underlying data management systems.
- Gremlin is a Turing-complete, graph-based programming language designed for key/value-pair multi-relational graphs. Gremlin makes use of an XPath-like syntax to support complex graph traversals. This language has application in the areas of graph query, analysis, and manipulation.
- Pipes is a graph-based data flow framework for Java 1.6+. A process graph is composed of a set of process vertices connected to one another by a set of communication edges. Pipes supports the splitting, merging, and transformation of data from input to output.
No more pains when work with TinkerPop stuff on top of OrientDB. This integration allows (finally!) to use both the power of OrientDB SQL engine and Gremlin language. You can finally have the best of both worlds!
Download the last version at the Download Page and select the file called orientdb-graphed.zip*, example: orientdb-graphed-1.0rc3.
To install it, just extract the contents of ZIP archive into a folder on your PC.
OrientDB runs on every operating system that has an implementation of Java Virtual Machine (JVM). These include:
- All Linux distributions
- Mac OS X
- Microsoft Windows from 95/NT onward
- Sun Solaris
- HP-UX
- IBM AIX
OrientDB requires Java SE 6 to be installed in order to deploy the Server component. Client applications can be written using Java SE 5.
You can check which version of Java SE you have installed by typing "java -version" in a command shell (or a command prompt for Windows users):
> java -version
java version "1.6.0_20"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_20-b02)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 16.3-b01, mixed mode, sharing)To know more follow the Installation of OrientDB server.
To start OrientDB server, go to the bin folder and run script server.sh for Unix-like operating system, or server.bat for Windows. You may have to set the execute permission on the script file before running it.
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2011-07-15 04:29:05:720 INFO [OServer] OrientDB Server v1.0rc3 is starting up...
2011-07-15 04:29:06:011 INFO [OServer] -> Loaded memory database 'temp'
2011-07-15 04:29:06:093 INFO [OServerNetworkListener] Listening distributed connections on 127.0.0.1:2424
2011-07-15 04:29:06:095 INFO [OServerNetworkListener] Listening http connections on 127.0.0.1:2480
2011-07-15 04:29:06:104 INFO [OGraphServerHandler] Installing GREMLIN language v.1.2-SNAPSHOT
2011-07-15 04:29:06:111 INFO [ODistributedServerManager] Generating Server security key and save it in configuration...
2011-07-15 04:29:07:653 INFO [OServer] OrientDB Server v1.0rc3 is active.
2011-07-15 04:29:10:653 WARN [ODistributedServerManager] Current node is the new cluster Leader of distributed nodes
2011-07-15 04:29:10:655 INFO [ODistributedServerDiscoveryListener] Listening for distributed nodes on IP multicast /235.1.1.1:2424Once OrientDB is installed on your system, you can open the console by double-clicking on console script or by executing it from a command shell. The output should be like this:
OrientDB console v.1.0rc3 www.orientechnologies.com
Type 'help' to display all the commands supported.
Installing extensions for GREMLIN language v.1.2-SNAPSHOT
>Type ? to show all the commands supported by the console. For more information about them, go to Console Commands. By typing ? command, output will be the following:
> ?
AVAILABLE COMMANDS:
* create database Create a new database
...
* help Print this help
* exit Close the consoleYou can now open the "tinkerpop" database shipped with the OrientDB Graph Edition by using the connect command:
connect remote:localhost/tinkerpop admin adminThis will open the database located on the server just started using the administrator account. To know more about security look at Security.
OrientDB can run also in embedded mode. In this case turn off the server and open it using the "local" protocol, but remember that OrientDB Studio can't be used if no server is running.
The "local" protocol is much faster because doesn't involve the network connection:
connect local:../databases/tinkerpop admin adminFor more information about the databases and the proper formats of URLs go here. The output of the previous command should be the following:
> connect remote:localhost/tinkerpop admin admin
Connecting to database [ remote:localhost/tinkerpop] with user 'admin'...OKOnce connected, you may view the information about the database by typing info command:
> info
Current database: tinkerpop (url=remote:localhost/tinkerpop)
CLUSTERS:
----------------------------------------------+------+---------------------+-----------+
NAME | ID | TYPE | RECORDS |
----------------------------------------------+------+---------------------+-----------+
internal | 0| Physical | 3 |
index | 1| Physical | 16 |
default | 2| Physical | 0 |
orole | 3| Physical | 3 |
ouser | 4| Physical | 3 |
ographvertex | 5| Physical | 809 |
ographedge | 6| Physical | 8049 |
----------------------------------------------+------+---------------------+-----------+
TOTAL 8883 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
CLASSES:
----------------------------------------------+------+---------------------+-----------+
NAME | ID | CLUSTERS | RECORDS |
----------------------------------------------+------+---------------------+-----------+
OGraphVertex | 2 | 5 | 809 |
ORole | 0 | 3 | 3 |
OGraphEdge | 4 | 6 | 8049 |
OUser | 1 | 4 | 3 |
----------------------------------------------+------+---------------------+-----------+
TOTAL 17722 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
INDEXES:
----------------------------------------------+------------+----+-----------+
NAME | TYPE |AUTO| RECORDS |
----------------------------------------------+------------+----+-----------+
edges | NOTUNIQUE | Y | 89 |
vertices | NOTUNIQUE | Y | 977 |
dictionary | DICTIONARY | N | 0 |
----------------------------------------------+------------+----+-----------+
TOTAL = 3 1066 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------+A lot of stuff! This database has been loaded with the input file taken from TinkerPop project graph-example-2.xml.
The more relevant things are that we've 809 Vertices and 8049 Edges so it's a good training to get acquainted with GraphDBs.
To execute Gremlin scripts you can use the gremlin console (gremlin.sh/gremlin.bat) or OrientDB console by prefixing "gremlin" at the statement. Example to retrieve the first 10 vertices:
> gremlin g.V[0..9]
[v[#5:0], v[#5:1], v[#5:2], v[#5:3], v[#5:4], v[#5:5], v[#5:6], v[#5:7], v[#5:8], v[#5:9]]
Script executed in 0,049000 sec(s).Want to know more about Gremlin? Follow this tutorial by Marko Rodriguez:
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Open a Web Browser and point it to http://localhost:2480. At login page select "tinkerpop" as database and "admin" as user and "admin" as password:
[Once logged in the first page is the database description. You'll find 809 records in OGraphVertex class and 8,049 records in OGraphEdge class.
http://www.orientechnologies.com/images/graphed-tutorial-db.png
Click on the OGraphVertex class and then press the "Query" button.
[These are all the vertices present in the current database in form of raw records. You can edit directly the fields of any records, press ENTER button, and the record/vertex/edge will be saved in a flash.
Now select the record #5:7 (the first column of the result set always contains the http://code.google.com/p/orient/wiki/Concepts#RecordID Record Id) and press the "Graph" button. This function displays the selected record as a graph. This is the output:
[## GREMLIN() SQL function
Now go back again into the "Query" tab to try the power of the integration between 32734a8257b52fc14bef4c76f180888d and OrientDB SQL engine. Type this text as query text:
SELECT GREMLIN( 'current.out[0..3]' ) from V limit 2"V" it's an implicit alias for OGraphVertex class and "E" for OGraphEdge. This simplify queries against graph elements. "current" variable in the 32734a8257b52fc14bef4c76f180888d script stands for the current record retrieved by the SQL query. This is the output:
http://www.orientechnologies.com/images/graphed-tutorial-query2.png
If you want to use raw Gremlin click on the "Command" tab, select GREMLIN as language and type this text:
g.V[0..9]That means "From the current Graph (g variable), get all the vertices (V) but return only the first 10.
[http://www.orientechnologies.com/images/graphed-tutorial-command.png]
In this case raw Gremlin engine will be called.
This function enriches the OrientDB's SQL language to execute a Gremlin statement for projections.
Example: retrieve the first 3 out edges of the first 2 vertexes:
List<ODocument> resultset = db.query(new OSQLSynchQuery("SELECT GREMLIN( 'current.out[0..3]' ) as value from V limit 2"));The Gremlin result will be contained inside the "value" field of the document retrieved.
resultset.get(0).field( "value" );The OCommandGremlin is a new class to execute Gremlin script. The usage is the same of SQL commands:
db.command(new OCommandGremlin("g.V[0..10]")).execute();Where "g" is the variable that represents the current database.
For advanced analysis against graphs use the Gephi visual tool.
To continue learning OrientDB Graph Edition look at these links: