Fix Dockerfile to create Images with no git safe directory restrictions [v5.1 backport] (IDFGH-11514)

[timoxd7]

Problem

If a folder is mounted to the docker container that is not owned by the running user, git disallows the direct access without explicit set of a safe directory. This can happen for example if using wsl on Windows while using a repository on the Windows Filesystem.

Fix

Just set every folder as safe for git, as this implies no security risk in a docker container, solving the issue to not be able to access certain git repositories.

Reference

The github action for ESP-IDF Builds solved this by adding the command before running the actual action command (See espressif/esp-idf-ci-action#27)

Info

This is a backport of #12636

[dobairoland]

We only accept PRs for the master branch. It is enough to state in #12636 clearly that you'd like this to be backported to v5.1.