Dependencies: Explicitly use PyCaret >= 3

[amotl]

Problem

Looks like the package installer selects an old version of PyCaret when updating pandas, now after llvmlite has been bumped, which trips with a funny error message.

help: `pyyaml` (v5.4.1) was included because `pycaret` (v2.3.10) depends
        on `pyyaml`

-- https://github.com/crate/academy-fundamentals-course/actions/runs/12187513828/job/33998467147?pr=27#step:6:107

Solution?

This patch bumps the requirements definition to explicitly use PyCaret >=3.

Q&A

@zanieb: Coming from #32 (comment), is it also related to this issue, that uv is acting so conservatively here that it is apparently biased to select the lowest available package version again?

• Tracking issue: uv backtracks on the wrong package astral-sh/uv#8157

[zanieb]

It's less about conservatism, and more about the order in which packages are resolved. Roughly: due to the design of PubGrub, we solve for a single package at a time. If none of the recent versions of that package are compatible with the current state of the resolver, we can end up backtracking to a very old version before trying to change the version of a different package. Adding a lower bound that actually reflects your expectations will cause us to change versions of other packages sooner when looking for a solution.

[amotl]

Thanks a stack for the very detailed explanation. ❤️