Fix curly bracket spacing around curly f-string expressions

crates/ruff_python_formatter/resources/test/fixtures/ruff/expression/fstring.py

@@ -710,3 +710,11 @@
 f"""{1=: "this" is fine}"""
 f'''{1=: "this" is fine}'''  # Change quotes to double quotes because they're preferred
 f'{1=: {'ab"cd"'}}'  # It's okay if the quotes are in an expression part.
+
+
+# Regression tests for https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/15459
+print(f"{ {1, 2, 3} - {2} }")
+print(f"{ {1: 2}.keys() }")
+print(f"{({1, 2, 3}) - ({2})}")
+print(f"{1, 2, {3} }")
+print(f"{(1, 2, {3})}")

crates/ruff_python_formatter/src/expression/mod.rs

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ use std::slice;
 use ruff_formatter::{
     write, FormatOwnedWithRule, FormatRefWithRule, FormatRule, FormatRuleWithOptions,
 };
-use ruff_python_ast as ast;
 use ruff_python_ast::parenthesize::parentheses_iterator;
 use ruff_python_ast::visitor::source_order::{walk_expr, SourceOrderVisitor};
+use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast};
 use ruff_python_ast::{AnyNodeRef, Expr, ExpressionRef, Operator};
 use ruff_python_trivia::CommentRanges;
 use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
@@ -1243,3 +1243,71 @@ pub(crate) fn is_splittable_expression(expr: &Expr, context: &PyFormatContext) -
         }
     }
 }
+
+/// Returns the sub-expression to which the left-most character in expression belongs.
+///
+/// For example, in the expression `a + b * c`, the left-most subexpression is `a`. But for
+/// the expression `{ "a": 1 }`, the left-most subexpression is the dictionary, and not `"a"` because
+/// the `{` belongs to the dictionary.
+///
+/// Parenthesized expressions are treated as belonging to the enclosing expression. Therefore, the left
+/// most expression for `(a + b) * c` is `a + b` and not `a`.
+pub(crate) fn left_most<'expr>(
+    expression: &'expr Expr,
+    comment_ranges: &CommentRanges,
+    source: &str,
+) -> &'expr Expr {
+    let mut current = expression;
+    loop {
+        let left = match current {
+            Expr::BinOp(ast::ExprBinOp { left, .. })
+            | Expr::If(ast::ExprIf { body: left, .. })
+            | Expr::Call(ast::ExprCall { func: left, .. })
+            | Expr::Attribute(ast::ExprAttribute { value: left, .. })
+            | Expr::Subscript(ast::ExprSubscript { value: left, .. }) => Some(&**left),
+
+            Expr::BoolOp(expr_bool_op) => expr_bool_op.values.first(),
+            Expr::Compare(compare) => Some(&*compare.left),
+
+            Expr::Generator(generator) if !generator.parenthesized => Some(&*generator.elt),
+
+            Expr::Tuple(tuple) if !tuple.parenthesized => tuple.elts.first(),
+            Expr::Slice(slice) => slice.lower.as_deref(),
+
+            Expr::List(_)
+            | Expr::Tuple(_)
+            | Expr::Name(_)
+            | Expr::Starred(_)
+            | Expr::FString(_)
+            | Expr::StringLiteral(_)
+            | Expr::BytesLiteral(_)
+            | Expr::NumberLiteral(_)
+            | Expr::BooleanLiteral(_)
+            | Expr::NoneLiteral(_)
+            | Expr::EllipsisLiteral(_)
+            | Expr::Yield(_)
+            | Expr::YieldFrom(_)
+            | Expr::Await(_)
+            | Expr::DictComp(_)
+            | Expr::SetComp(_)
+            | Expr::ListComp(_)
+            | Expr::Set(_)
+            | Expr::Dict(_)
+            | Expr::UnaryOp(_)
+            | Expr::Lambda(_)
+            | Expr::Named(_)
+            | Expr::IpyEscapeCommand(_)
+            | Expr::Generator(_) => None,
+        };
+
+        let Some(left) = left else {
+            break current;
+        };
+
+        if is_expression_parenthesized(left.into(), comment_ranges, source) {
+            break current;
+        }
+
+        current = left;
+    }
+}

crates/ruff_python_formatter/src/other/f_string_element.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use ruff_text_size::{Ranged, TextSlice};
 
 use crate::comments::{dangling_open_parenthesis_comments, trailing_comments};
 use crate::context::{FStringState, NodeLevel, WithFStringState, WithNodeLevel};
+use crate::expression::left_most;
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use crate::string::normalize_string;
 use crate::verbatim::verbatim_text;
@@ -190,20 +191,20 @@ impl Format<PyFormatContext<'_>> for FormatFStringExpressionElement<'_> {
             let comments = f.context().comments().clone();
             let dangling_item_comments = comments.dangling(self.element);
 
-            let item = format_with(|f| {
-                let bracket_spacing = match expression.as_ref() {
-                    // If an expression starts with a `{`, we need to add a space before the
-                    // curly brace to avoid turning it into a literal curly with `{{`.
-                    //
-                    // For example,
-                    // ```python
-                    // f"{ {'x': 1, 'y': 2} }"
-                    // #  ^                ^
-                    // ```
-                    //
-                    // We need to preserve the space highlighted by `^`. The whitespace
-                    // before the closing curly brace is not strictly necessary, but it's
-                    // added to maintain consistency.
+            // If an expression starts with a `{`, we need to add a space before the
+            // curly brace to avoid turning it into a literal curly with `{{`.
+            //
+            // For example,
+            // ```python
+            // f"{ {'x': 1, 'y': 2} }"
+            // #  ^                ^
+            // ```
+            //
+            // We need to preserve the space highlighted by `^`. The whitespace
+            // before the closing curly brace is not strictly necessary, but it's
+            // added to maintain consistency.
+            let bracket_spacing =
+                match left_most(expression, comments.ranges(), f.context().source()) {
                     Expr::Dict(_) | Expr::DictComp(_) | Expr::Set(_) | Expr::SetComp(_) => {
                         Some(format_with(|f| {
                             if self.context.can_contain_line_breaks() {
@@ -216,6 +217,7 @@ impl Format<PyFormatContext<'_>> for FormatFStringExpressionElement<'_> {
                     _ => None,
                 };
 
+            let item = format_with(|f: &mut PyFormatter| {
                 // Update the context to be inside the f-string expression element.
                 let f = &mut WithFStringState::new(
                     FStringState::InsideExpressionElement(self.context),

crates/ruff_python_formatter/tests/snapshots/format@expression__fstring.py.snap

@@ -716,6 +716,14 @@ f'{x:a{y=:{z:hy "user"}}} \'\'\''
 f"""{1=: "this" is fine}"""
 f'''{1=: "this" is fine}'''  # Change quotes to double quotes because they're preferred
 f'{1=: {'ab"cd"'}}'  # It's okay if the quotes are in an expression part.
+
+
+# Regression tests for https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/15459
+print(f"{ {1, 2, 3} - {2} }")
+print(f"{ {1: 2}.keys() }")
+print(f"{({1, 2, 3}) - ({2})}")
+print(f"{1, 2, {3} }")
+print(f"{(1, 2, {3})}")
 ```
 
 ## Outputs
@@ -1490,6 +1498,14 @@ f'{x:a{y=:{z:hy "user"}}} \'\'\''
 f"""{1=: "this" is fine}"""
 f"""{1=: "this" is fine}"""  # Change quotes to double quotes because they're preferred
 f'{1=: {'ab"cd"'}}'  # It's okay if the quotes are in an expression part.
+
+
+# Regression tests for https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/15459
+print(f"{ {1, 2, 3} - {2} }")
+print(f"{ {1: 2}.keys() }")
+print(f"{({1, 2, 3}) - ({2})}")
+print(f"{1, 2, {3}}")
+print(f"{(1, 2, {3})}")
 ```
 
 
@@ -2264,4 +2280,12 @@ f'{x:a{y=:{z:hy "user"}}} \'\'\''
 f"""{1=: "this" is fine}"""
 f"""{1=: "this" is fine}"""  # Change quotes to double quotes because they're preferred
 f'{1=: {'ab"cd"'}}'  # It's okay if the quotes are in an expression part.
+
+
+# Regression tests for https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/issues/15459
+print(f"{ {1, 2, 3} - {2} }")
+print(f"{ {1: 2}.keys() }")
+print(f"{({1, 2, 3}) - ({2})}")
+print(f"{1, 2, {3}}")
+print(f"{(1, 2, {3})}")
 ```