Update to tzdata version 2016b.

https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz-announce/2016-March/000036.html

data/NEWS

@@ -1,5 +1,64 @@
 News for the tz database
 
+Release 2016b - 2016-03-12 17:30:14 -0800
+
+  Changes affecting future time stamps
+
+    New zones Europe/Astrakhan and Europe/Ulyanovsk for Astrakhan and
+    Ulyanovsk Oblasts, Russia, both of which will switch from +03 to +04 on
+    2016-03-27 at 02:00 local time.  They need distinct zones since their
+    post-1970 histories disagree.  New zone Asia/Barnaul for Altai Krai and
+    Altai Republic, Russia, which will switch from +06 to +07 on the same date
+    and local time.  The Astrakhan change is already official; the others have
+    passed the first reading in the State Duma and are extremely likely.
+    Also, Asia/Sakhalin moves from +10 to +11 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00.
+    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev for the heads-up, and to Matt Johnson
+    and Stepan Golosunov for followup.)
+
+    As a trial of a new system that needs less information to be made up,
+    the new zones use numeric time zone abbreviations like "+04"
+    instead of invented abbreviations like "ASTT".
+
+    Haiti will not observe DST in 2016.  (Thanks to Jean Antoine via
+    Steffen Thorsen.)
+
+    Palestine's spring-forward transition on 2016-03-26 is at 01:00, not 00:00.
+    (Thanks to Hannah Kreitem.) Guess future transitions will be March's last
+    Saturday at 01:00, not March's last Friday at 24:00.
+
+  Changes affecting past time stamps
+
+    Europe/Chisinau observed DST during 1990, and switched from +04 to
+    +03 at 1990-05-06 02:00, instead of switching from +03 to +02.
+    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+    1991 abbreviations in Europe/Samara should be SAMT/SAMST, not
+    KUYT/KUYST.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
+
+  Changes to code
+
+    tzselect's diagnostics and checking, and checktab.awk's checking,
+    have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
+
+    tzcode now builds under MinGW.  (Thanks to Ian Abbott and Esben Haabendal.)
+
+    tzselect now tests Julian-date TZ settings more accurately.
+    (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
+
+  Changes to commentary
+
+    Comments in zone tables have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
+
+    tzselect again limits its menu comments so that menus fit on a
+    24x80 alphanumeric display.
+
+    A new web page tz-how-to.html.  (Thanks to Bill Seymour.)
+
+    In the Theory file, the description of possible time zone abbreviations in
+    tzdata has been cleaned up, as the old description was unclear and
+    inconsistent.  (Thanks to Alain Mouette for reporting the problem.)
+
+
 Release 2016a - 2016-01-26 23:28:02 -0800
 
   Changes affecting future time stamps

data/SOURCE

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 The files in this directory were obtained from the IANA Time Zone Database
-http://www.iana.org/time-zones, version 2016a.
+http://www.iana.org/time-zones, version 2016b.

data/Theory

@@ -173,27 +173,24 @@ like 'EST' to be compatible with human tradition and POSIX.
 Here are the general rules used for choosing time zone abbreviations,
 in decreasing order of importance:
 
-	Use abbreviations that consist of three or more ASCII letters.
+	Use three or more characters that are ASCII alphanumerics or '+' or '-'.
 		Previous editions of this database also used characters like
 		' ' and '?', but these characters have a special meaning to
 		the shell and cause commands like
 			set `date`
 		to have unexpected effects.
 		Previous editions of this rule required upper-case letters,
 		but the Congressman who introduced Chamorro Standard Time
-		preferred "ChST", so the rule has been relaxed.
-
-		This rule guarantees that all abbreviations could have
-		been specified by a POSIX TZ string.  POSIX
-		requires at least three characters for an
-		abbreviation.  POSIX through 2000 says that an abbreviation
-		cannot start with ':', and cannot contain ',', '-',
-		'+', NUL, or a digit.  POSIX from 2001 on changes this
-		rule to say that an abbreviation can contain only '-', '+',
+		preferred "ChST", so lower-case letters are now allowed.
+		Also, POSIX from 2001 on relaxed the rule to allow '-', '+',
 		and alphanumeric characters from the portable character set
-		in the current locale.  To be portable to both sets of
-		rules, an abbreviation must therefore use only ASCII
-		letters.
+		in the current locale.  In practice ASCII alphanumerics and
+		'+' and '-' are safe in all locales.
+
+		In other words, in the C locale the POSIX extended regular
+		expression [-+[:alnum:]]{3,} should match the abbreviation.
+		This guarantees that all abbreviations could have been
+		specified by a POSIX TZ string.
 
 	Use abbreviations that are in common use among English-speakers,
 		e.g. 'EST' for Eastern Standard Time in North America.

data/asia

@@ -2396,6 +2396,16 @@ Zone	Asia/Karachi	4:28:12 -	LMT	1907
 # http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza
 # http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron
 
+# From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09):
+# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/ar/ViewDetails?ID=31728
+# [Google translation]: "The Council also decided to start daylight
+# saving in Palestine as of one o'clock on Saturday morning,
+# 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead."
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-12):
+# Predict spring transitions on March's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on.
+# Leave fall predictions alone for now.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
@@ -2424,7 +2434,8 @@ Rule Palestine	2012	2014	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
 Rule Palestine	2012	only	-	Sep	21	1:00	0	-
 Rule Palestine	2013	only	-	Sep	Fri>=21	0:00	0	-
 Rule Palestine	2014	max	-	Oct	Fri>=21	0:00	0	-
-Rule Palestine	2015	max	-	Mar	lastFri	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule Palestine	2015	only	-	Mar	lastFri	24:00	1:00	S
+Rule Palestine	2016	max	-	Mar	lastSat	1:00	1:00	S
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct

data/australasia

@@ -60,6 +60,14 @@ Zone Australia/Eucla	 8:35:28 -	LMT	1895 Dec
 # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
 # so use Lindeman.
 #
+# From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):
+# There is no location named Holiday Islands in Queensland Australia; holiday
+# islands is a colloquial term used globally.  Hayman and Lindeman are at the
+# north and south extremes of the Whitsunday Islands archipelago, and
+# Hamilton is in between; it is reasonable to believe that this time zone
+# applies to all of the Whitsundays.
+# http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-islands
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	AQ	1971	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
 Rule	AQ	1972	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:00s	0	S

data/checktab.awk

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ BEGIN {
 	    printf "%s:%d: missing comment for %s\n", \
 	      zone_table, tz2NR[tz], comments_needed[tz] \
 	      >>"/dev/stderr"
+	    tz2comments[tz] = 1
 	    status = 1
 	  }
 	}

data/europe

@@ -1005,6 +1005,12 @@ Zone Atlantic/Faroe	-0:27:04 -	LMT	1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn
 # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
 # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
 # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
+
+# From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):
+# "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named
+# "National Park" by Executive Order:
+# http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf
+# It is their only National Park.
 #
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Thule	1991	1992	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
@@ -1728,6 +1734,16 @@ Zone	Europe/Malta	0:58:04 -	LMT	1893 Nov  2  0:00s # Valletta
 
 # Moldova
 
+# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
+# the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04
+# http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2
+# ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR
+# time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt
+# plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be
+# adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer"
+# time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and
+# reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00.
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
 # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
@@ -1786,9 +1802,7 @@ Zone	Europe/Chisinau	1:55:20 -	LMT	1880
 			2:00	Romania	EE%sT	1940 Aug 15
 			2:00	1:00	EEST	1941 Jul 17
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1944 Aug 24
-			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1990
-			3:00	-	MSK	1990 May 6
-			2:00	-	EET	1991
+			3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1990 May  6  2:00
 			2:00	Russia	EE%sT	1992
 			2:00	E-Eur	EE%sT	1997
 # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules.
@@ -2318,7 +2332,7 @@ Zone Europe/Kaliningrad	 1:22:00 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 # 68	RU-TAM	Tambov Oblast
 # 69	RU-TVE	Tver Oblast
 # 71	RU-TUL	Tula Oblast
-# 73	RU-ULY	Ulyanovsk Oblast
+# ...
 # 76	RU-YAR	Yaroslavl Oblast
 # 77	RU-MOW	Moscow
 # 78	RU-SPE	Saint Petersburg
@@ -2397,9 +2411,29 @@ Zone Europe/Simferopol	 2:16:24 -	LMT	1880
 			 3:00	-	MSK
 
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-02-12):
+# Europe/Astrakhan covers...
+# 30	RU-AST	Astrakhan Oblast
+
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12):
+# On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation
+# Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time)....
+# http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/work/dz.nsf/ByID/5AEBD1A341D2B41843257F47003949EF/$File/Текст проекта_третье чтение.doc
+# This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00.
+
+Zone Europe/Astrakhan	 3:12:12 -	LMT	1924 May
+			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1989 Mar 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	1992 Mar 29  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	-	+03	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04
+
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
 # Europe/Volgograd covers...
-# 30	RU-AST	Astrakhan Oblast
+# ...
 # 34	RU-VGG	Volgograd Oblast
 # 43	RU-KIR	Kirov Oblast
 # 64	RU-SAR	Saratov Oblast
@@ -2428,16 +2462,34 @@ Zone Europe/Volgograd	 2:57:40 -	LMT	1920 Jan  3
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20.
 
 Zone Europe/Samara	 3:20:20 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  2:00
-			 3:00	-	SAMT	1930 Jun 21
+			 3:00	-	SAMT	1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time
 			 4:00	-	SAMT	1935 Jan 27
 			 4:00	Russia	KUY%sT	1989 Mar 26  2:00s # Kuybyshev
 			 3:00	Russia	MSK/MSD	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
 			 2:00	Russia	EE%sT	1991 Sep 29  2:00s
-			 3:00	-	KUYT	1991 Oct 20  3:00
-			 4:00	Russia	SAM%sT	2010 Mar 28  2:00s # Samara Time
+			 3:00	-	SAMT	1991 Oct 20  3:00
+			 4:00	Russia	SAM%sT	2010 Mar 28  2:00s
 			 3:00	Russia	SAM%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
 			 4:00	-	SAMT
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21):
+# Europe/Ulyanovsk covers:
+# 73	RU-ULY	Ulyanovsk Oblast
+
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17):
+# Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am.
+# Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ...
+# 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading.
+
+Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk	 3:13:36 -	LMT	1919 Jul  1  2:00
+			 3:00	-	+03	1930 Jun 21
+			 4:00	Russia	+04/+05	1989 Mar 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	1991 Mar 31  2:00s
+			 2:00	Russia	+02/+03	1992 Jan 19  2:00s
+			 3:00	Russia	+03/+04	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 3:00	-	+03	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 4:00	-	+04
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
 # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers...
@@ -2471,8 +2523,6 @@ Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg	 4:02:33 -	LMT	1916 Jul  3
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
 # Asia/Omsk covers...
-# 04	RU-AL	Altai Republic
-# 22	RU-ALT	Altai Krai
 # 55	RU-OMS	Omsk Oblast
 
 # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30.
@@ -2485,6 +2535,41 @@ Zone Asia/Omsk		 4:53:30 -	LMT	1919 Nov 14
 			 7:00	-	OMST	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
 			 6:00	-	OMST
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22):
+# Asia/Barnaul covers:
+# 04	RU-AL	Altai Republic
+# 22	RU-ALT	Altai Krai
+# Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
+
+# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07):
+# Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25
+# http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm
+# suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on
+# 1995-05-28.
+#
+# http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html
+# has some historical data for Altai Krai:
+# before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7
+# after 1957: UTC+7
+# since 1995: UTC+6
+# http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html
+# confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date.
+
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17):
+# Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones
+# by March 27, 2016 at 2am....
+# Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ...
+# Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7)
+# 935532-6 ... 944348-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill
+# in the first reading.
+
+Zone Asia/Barnaul	 5:35:00 -	LMT	1919 Dec 10
+			 6:00	-	+06	1930 Jun 21
+			 7:00	Russia	+07/+08	1995 May 28
+			 6:00	Russia	+06/+07	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 7:00	-	+07	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
+			 6:00	-	+06	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+			 7:00	-	+07
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
 # Asia/Novosibirsk covers...
@@ -2526,9 +2611,6 @@ Zone Asia/Novosibirsk	 5:31:40 -	LMT	1919 Dec 14  6:00
 #
 # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010
 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock.
-#
-# As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as
-# Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic.
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02):
 # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus
@@ -2708,6 +2790,11 @@ Zone Asia/Khandyga	 9:02:13 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
 # ...with the exception of:
 # 65-11	****	Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands)
 
+# From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22):
+# Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ...
+# http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=888645-6
+# Appears to have been approved in both first and second readings
+
 # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
 Zone Asia/Sakhalin	 9:30:48 -	LMT	1905 Aug 23
 			 9:00	-	JCST	1937 Oct  1
@@ -2717,7 +2804,8 @@ Zone Asia/Sakhalin	 9:30:48 -	LMT	1905 Aug 23
 			11:00	Russia	SAK%sT	1997 Mar lastSun  2:00s
 			10:00	Russia	SAK%sT	2011 Mar 27  2:00s
 			11:00	-	SAKT	2014 Oct 26  2:00s
-			10:00	-	SAKT
+			10:00	-	SAKT	2016 Mar 27  2:00s
+			11:00	-	SAKT
 
 
 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):

data/iso3166.tab

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ BL	St Barthelemy
 BM	Bermuda
 BN	Brunei
 BO	Bolivia
-BQ	Caribbean Netherlands
+BQ	Caribbean NL
 BR	Brazil
 BS	Bahamas
 BT	Bhutan
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ MA	Morocco
 MC	Monaco
 MD	Moldova
 ME	Montenegro
-MF	St Martin (French part)
+MF	St Martin (French)
 MG	Madagascar
 MH	Marshall Islands
 MK	Macedonia
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ SR	Suriname
 SS	South Sudan
 ST	Sao Tome & Principe
 SV	El Salvador
-SX	St Maarten (Dutch part)
+SX	St Maarten (Dutch)
 SY	Syria
 SZ	Swaziland
 TC	Turks & Caicos Is