vectorstores: added pgvector example

examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# pgvector store with OpenAI embeddings
+
+Start Postgres:
+
+```shell
+docker-compose up -d
+```
+
+`postgres.Dockerfile` extends the official Postgres image and installs the pgvector extension.
+
+`create_extension.sql` enables the pgvector extension and should run automatically when the container starts for the
+first time.
+
+Run the example:
+
+```shell
+export OPENAI_API_KEY=<your key>
+go run pgvector_vectorstore_example.go
+```
+

examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/create_extension.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create extension if not exists vector;

examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+version: "3.9"
+services:
+  db:
+    build:
+      dockerfile: postgres.Dockerfile
+    restart: always
+    ports:
+      - "5432:5432"
+    environment:
+      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: testpass
+      POSTGRES_USER: testuser
+      POSTGRES_DB: testdb

examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+module github.com/tmc/langchaingo/examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example
+
+go 1.21
+
+toolchain go1.21.4
+
+require github.com/tmc/langchaingo v0.1.3
+
+require (
+	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.8.1 // indirect
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20221227161230-091c0ba34f0a // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pgvector/pgvector-go v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pkoukk/tiktoken-go v0.1.2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
+)

examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
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+google.golang.org/api v0.126.0/go.mod h1:mBwVAtz+87bEN6CbA1GtZPDOqY2R5ONPqJeIlvyo4Aw=
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examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/pgvector_vectorstore_example.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/tmc/langchaingo/llms/openai"
+	"github.com/tmc/langchaingo/schema"
+	"github.com/tmc/langchaingo/vectorstores/pgvector"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/tmc/langchaingo/embeddings"
+	"github.com/tmc/langchaingo/vectorstores"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// Create an embeddings client using the OpenAI API. Requires environment variable OPENAI_API_KEY to be set.
+	llm, err := openai.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	e, err := embeddings.NewEmbedder(llm)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Create a new pgvector store.
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	store, err := pgvector.New(
+		ctx,
+		pgvector.WithConnectionURL("postgres://testuser:testpass@localhost:5432/testdb?sslmode=disable"),
+		pgvector.WithEmbedder(e),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	//Add documents to the pgvector store.
+	_, err = store.AddDocuments(context.Background(), []schema.Document{
+		{
+			PageContent: "Tokyo",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 38,
+				"area":       2190,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			PageContent: "Paris",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 11,
+				"area":       105,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			PageContent: "London",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 9.5,
+				"area":       1572,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			PageContent: "Santiago",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 6.9,
+				"area":       641,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			PageContent: "Buenos Aires",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 15.5,
+				"area":       203,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			PageContent: "Rio de Janeiro",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 13.7,
+				"area":       1200,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			PageContent: "Sao Paulo",
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"population": 22.6,
+				"area":       1523,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Search for similar documents.
+	docs, err := store.SimilaritySearch(ctx, "japan", 1)
+	fmt.Println(docs)
+
+	// Search for similar documents using score threshold.
+	docs, err = store.SimilaritySearch(ctx, "only cities in south america", 10, vectorstores.WithScoreThreshold(0.80))
+	fmt.Println(docs)
+
+	// Search for similar documents using score threshold and metadata filter.
+	// Metadata filter for pgvector only supports key-value pairs for now.
+	filter := map[string]any{"area": "1523"} // Sao Paulo
+
+	docs, err = store.SimilaritySearch(ctx, "only cities in south america",
+		10,
+		vectorstores.WithScoreThreshold(0.80),
+		vectorstores.WithFilters(filter),
+	)
+	fmt.Println(docs)
+}

examples/pgvector-vectorstore-example/postgres.Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+FROM postgres:16
+
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends postgresql-16-pgvector && \
+    apt-get clean && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+RUN mkdir -p /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
+ADD create_extension.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d