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# Syntax and the AST | ||
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Working directly with source code is very inconvenient and error-prone. Thus, | ||
before we do anything else, we convert raw source code into an AST. It turns | ||
out that doing even this involves a lot of work, including lexing, parsing, | ||
macro expansion, name resolution, conditional compilation, feature-gate | ||
checking, and validation of the AST. In this chapter, we take a look at all | ||
of these steps. | ||
before we do anything else, we convert raw source code into an [Abstract Syntax | ||
Tree (`AST`)][`AST`]. It turns out that doing even this involves a lot of work, | ||
including [lexing, parsing], [`macro` expansion], [name resolution], conditional | ||
compilation, [feature-gate checking], and [validation] of the [`AST`]. In this chapter, | ||
we take a look at all of these steps. | ||
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Notably, there isn't always a clean ordering between these tasks. For example, | ||
macro expansion relies on name resolution to resolve the names of macros and | ||
imports. And parsing requires macro expansion, which in turn may require | ||
parsing the output of the macro. | ||
`macro` expansion relies on name resolution to resolve the names of `macro`s and | ||
imports. And parsing requires `macro` expansion, which in turn may require | ||
parsing the output of the `macro`. | ||
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[`AST`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_parse/index.html | ||
[`macro` expansion]: ./macro-expansion.md | ||
[feature-gate checking]: ./feature-gate-ck.md | ||
[lexing, parsing]: ./lexing-parsing.md | ||
[name resolution]: ./name-resolution.md | ||
[validation]: ./ast-validation.md |