litep2p: Update network backend to v0.7.0 (paritytech#5609)

This release introduces several new features, improvements, and fixes to
the litep2p library. Key updates include enhanced error handling,
configurable connection limits, and a new API for managing public
addresses.

For a detailed set of changes, see [litep2p
changelog](https://github.com/paritytech/litep2p/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#070---2024-09-05).

This PR makes use of:
- connection limits to optimize network throughput
- better errors that are propagated to substrate metrics 
- public addresses API to report healthy addresses to the Identify
protocol

### Warp sync time improvement

Measuring warp sync time is a bit inaccurate since the network is not
deterministic and we might end up using faster peers (peers with more
resources to handle our requests). However, I did not see warp sync
times of 16 minutes, instead, they are roughly stabilized between 8 and
10 minutes.

For measuring warp-sync time, I've used
[sub-trige-logs](https://github.com/lexnv/sub-triage-logs/?tab=readme-ov-file#warp-time)

### Litep2p

Phase | Time
 -|-
Warp  | 426.999999919s
State | 99.000000555s
Total | 526.000000474s

### Libp2p

Phase | Time
 -|-
Warp  | 731.999999837s
State | 71.000000882s
Total | 803.000000719s

Closes: paritytech#4986


### Low peer count

After exposing the `litep2p::public_addresses` interface, we can report
to litep2p confirmed external addresses. This should mitigate or at
least improve: paritytech#4925.
Will keep the issue around to confirm this.


### Improved metrics

We are one step closer to exposing similar metrics as libp2p:
paritytech#4681.

cc @paritytech/networking 

### Next Steps
- [x] Use public address interface to confirm addresses to identify
protocol

---------

Signed-off-by: Alexandru Vasile <alexandru.vasile@parity.io>

Cargo.toml

@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ linked-hash-map = { version = "0.5.4" }
 linked_hash_set = { version = "0.1.4" }
 linregress = { version = "0.5.1" }
 lite-json = { version = "0.2.0", default-features = false }
-litep2p = { version = "0.6.2" }
+litep2p = { version = "0.7.0", features = ["websocket"] }
 log = { version = "0.4.22", default-features = false }
 macro_magic = { version = "0.5.1" }
 maplit = { version = "1.0.2" }

prdoc/pr_5609.prdoc

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+title: Update litep2p network backend to v0.7.0 
+
+doc:
+  - audience: [ Node Dev, Node Operator ]
+    description: |
+      This PR updates the Litep2p network backend to version 0.7.0.
+      This new release introduces several new features, improvements, and fixes to the litep2p library.
+      Key updates include enhanced error handling propagated through metrics, configurable connection limits,
+      and a new API for managing public addresses.
+
+      The Identify protocol no longer includes public addresses in its configuration.
+      Instead, we rely on the `litep2p.public_addresses` interface to propagate external addresses of the node.
+
+      Litep2p uses hickory DNS resolver (formerly known as trust DNS).
+      Similarly to the trust DNS, the hickory logs are silenced.
+
+crates: 
+  - name: sc-network
+    bump: patch
+  - name: sc-tracing
+    bump: minor

substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/discovery.rs

@@ -243,11 +243,9 @@ impl Discovery {
 	) -> (Self, PingConfig, IdentifyConfig, KademliaConfig, Option<MdnsConfig>) {
 		let (ping_config, ping_event_stream) = PingConfig::default();
 		let user_agent = format!("{} ({})", config.client_version, config.node_name);
-		let (identify_config, identify_event_stream) = IdentifyConfig::new(
-			"/substrate/1.0".to_string(),
-			Some(user_agent),
-			config.public_addresses.clone().into_iter().map(Into::into).collect(),
-		);
+
+		let (identify_config, identify_event_stream) =
+			IdentifyConfig::new("/substrate/1.0".to_string(), Some(user_agent));
 
 		let (mdns_config, mdns_event_stream) = match config.transport {
 			crate::config::TransportConfig::Normal { enable_mdns, .. } => match enable_mdns {

substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/mod.rs

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ use libp2p::kad::{PeerRecord, Record as P2PRecord, RecordKey};
 use litep2p::{
 	config::ConfigBuilder,
 	crypto::ed25519::Keypair,
+	error::{DialError, NegotiationError},
 	executor::Executor,
 	protocol::{
 		libp2p::{
@@ -64,15 +65,14 @@ use litep2p::{
 	},
 	transport::{
 		tcp::config::Config as TcpTransportConfig,
-		websocket::config::Config as WebSocketTransportConfig, Endpoint,
+		websocket::config::Config as WebSocketTransportConfig, ConnectionLimitsConfig, Endpoint,
 	},
 	types::{
 		multiaddr::{Multiaddr, Protocol},
 		ConnectionId,
 	},
-	Error as Litep2pError, Litep2p, Litep2pEvent, ProtocolName as Litep2pProtocolName,
+	Litep2p, Litep2pEvent, ProtocolName as Litep2pProtocolName,
 };
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use prometheus_endpoint::Registry;
 
 use sc_client_api::BlockBackend;
@@ -183,9 +183,6 @@ pub struct Litep2pNetworkBackend {
 
 	/// Prometheus metrics.
 	metrics: Option<Metrics>,
-
-	/// External addresses.
-	external_addresses: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<Multiaddr>>>,
 }
 
 impl Litep2pNetworkBackend {
@@ -557,6 +554,9 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 			.with_libp2p_ping(ping_config)
 			.with_libp2p_identify(identify_config)
 			.with_libp2p_kademlia(kademlia_config)
+			.with_connection_limits(ConnectionLimitsConfig::default().max_incoming_connections(
+				Some(crate::MAX_CONNECTIONS_ESTABLISHED_INCOMING as usize),
+			))
 			.with_executor(executor);
 
 		if let Some(config) = maybe_mdns_config {
@@ -570,15 +570,22 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 		let litep2p =
 			Litep2p::new(config_builder.build()).map_err(|error| Error::Litep2p(error))?;
 
-		let external_addresses: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<Multiaddr>>> = Arc::new(RwLock::new(
-			HashSet::from_iter(network_config.public_addresses.iter().cloned().map(Into::into)),
-		));
 		litep2p.listen_addresses().for_each(|address| {
 			log::debug!(target: LOG_TARGET, "listening on: {address}");
 
 			listen_addresses.write().insert(address.clone());
 		});
 
+		let public_addresses = litep2p.public_addresses();
+		for address in network_config.public_addresses.iter() {
+			if let Err(err) = public_addresses.add_address(address.clone().into()) {
+				log::warn!(
+					target: LOG_TARGET,
+					"failed to add public address {address:?}: {err:?}",
+				);
+			}
+		}
+
 		let network_service = Arc::new(Litep2pNetworkService::new(
 			local_peer_id,
 			keypair.clone(),
@@ -588,7 +595,7 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 			block_announce_protocol.clone(),
 			request_response_senders,
 			Arc::clone(&listen_addresses),
-			Arc::clone(&external_addresses),
+			public_addresses,
 		));
 
 		// register rest of the metrics now that `Litep2p` has been created
@@ -614,7 +621,6 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 			event_streams: out_events::OutChannels::new(None)?,
 			peers: HashMap::new(),
 			litep2p,
-			external_addresses,
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -917,10 +923,16 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 						self.discovery.add_self_reported_address(peer, supported_protocols, listen_addresses).await;
 					}
 					Some(DiscoveryEvent::ExternalAddressDiscovered { address }) => {
-						let mut addresses = self.external_addresses.write();
-
-						if addresses.insert(address.clone()) {
-							log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "🔍 Discovered new external address for our node: {address}");
+						match self.litep2p.public_addresses().add_address(address.clone().into()) {
+							Ok(inserted) => if inserted {
+								log::info!(target: LOG_TARGET, "🔍 Discovered new external address for our node: {address}");
+							},
+							Err(err) => {
+								log::warn!(
+									target: LOG_TARGET,
+									"🔍 Failed to add discovered external address {address:?}: {err:?}",
+								);
+							},
 						}
 					}
 					Some(DiscoveryEvent::Ping { peer, rtt }) => {
@@ -1006,20 +1018,40 @@ impl<B: BlockT + 'static, H: ExHashT> NetworkBackend<B, H> for Litep2pNetworkBac
 						}
 					}
 					Some(Litep2pEvent::DialFailure { address, error }) => {
-						log::trace!(
+						log::debug!(
 							target: LOG_TARGET,
 							"failed to dial peer at {address:?}: {error:?}",
 						);
 
-						let reason = match error {
-							Litep2pError::PeerIdMismatch(_, _) => "invalid-peer-id",
-							Litep2pError::Timeout | Litep2pError::TransportError(_) |
-							Litep2pError::IoError(_) | Litep2pError::WebSocket(_) => "transport-error",
-							_ => "other",
-						};
+						if let Some(metrics) = &self.metrics {
+							let reason = match error {
+								DialError::Timeout => "timeout",
+								DialError::AddressError(_) => "invalid-address",
+								DialError::DnsError(_) => "cannot-resolve-dns",
+								DialError::NegotiationError(error) => match error {
+									NegotiationError::Timeout => "timeout",
+									NegotiationError::PeerIdMissing => "missing-peer-id",
+									NegotiationError::StateMismatch => "state-mismatch",
+									NegotiationError::PeerIdMismatch(_,_) => "peer-id-missmatch",
+									NegotiationError::MultistreamSelectError(_) => "multistream-select-error",
+									NegotiationError::SnowError(_) => "noise-error",
+									NegotiationError::ParseError(_) => "parse-error",
+									NegotiationError::IoError(_) => "io-error",
+									NegotiationError::WebSocket(_) => "webscoket-error",
+								}
+							};
+
+							metrics.pending_connections_errors_total.with_label_values(&[&reason]).inc();
+						}
+					}
+					Some(Litep2pEvent::ListDialFailures { errors }) => {
+						log::debug!(
+							target: LOG_TARGET,
+							"failed to dial peer on multiple addresses {errors:?}",
+						);
 
 						if let Some(metrics) = &self.metrics {
-							metrics.pending_connections_errors_total.with_label_values(&[reason]).inc();
+							metrics.pending_connections_errors_total.with_label_values(&["transport-errors"]).inc();
 						}
 					}
 					_ => {}

substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/service.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@ use crate::litep2p::Record;
 use codec::DecodeAll;
 use futures::{channel::oneshot, stream::BoxStream};
 use libp2p::{identity::SigningError, kad::record::Key as KademliaKey};
-use litep2p::{crypto::ed25519::Keypair, types::multiaddr::Multiaddr as LiteP2pMultiaddr};
+use litep2p::{
+	addresses::PublicAddresses, crypto::ed25519::Keypair,
+	types::multiaddr::Multiaddr as LiteP2pMultiaddr,
+};
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 
 use sc_network_common::{
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ pub struct Litep2pNetworkService {
 	listen_addresses: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<LiteP2pMultiaddr>>>,
 
 	/// External addresses.
-	external_addresses: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<LiteP2pMultiaddr>>>,
+	external_addresses: PublicAddresses,
 }
 
 impl Litep2pNetworkService {
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ impl Litep2pNetworkService {
 		block_announce_protocol: ProtocolName,
 		request_response_protocols: HashMap<ProtocolName, TracingUnboundedSender<OutboundRequest>>,
 		listen_addresses: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<LiteP2pMultiaddr>>>,
-		external_addresses: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<LiteP2pMultiaddr>>>,
+		external_addresses: PublicAddresses,
 	) -> Self {
 		Self {
 			local_peer_id,
@@ -323,9 +326,8 @@ impl NetworkStatusProvider for Litep2pNetworkService {
 				.collect(),
 			external_addresses: self
 				.external_addresses
-				.read()
-				.iter()
-				.cloned()
+				.get_addresses()
+				.into_iter()
 				.map(|a| Multiaddr::from(a).into())
 				.collect(),
 			connected_peers: HashMap::new(),
@@ -491,7 +493,7 @@ impl NetworkEventStream for Litep2pNetworkService {
 
 impl NetworkStateInfo for Litep2pNetworkService {
 	fn external_addresses(&self) -> Vec<Multiaddr> {
-		self.external_addresses.read().iter().cloned().map(Into::into).collect()
+		self.external_addresses.get_addresses().into_iter().map(Into::into).collect()
 	}
 
 	fn listen_addresses(&self) -> Vec<Multiaddr> {

substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/shim/request_response/mod.rs

@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@ use crate::{
 
 use futures::{channel::oneshot, future::BoxFuture, stream::FuturesUnordered, StreamExt};
 use litep2p::{
+	error::{ImmediateDialError, NegotiationError, SubstreamError},
 	protocol::request_response::{
-		DialOptions, RequestResponseError, RequestResponseEvent, RequestResponseHandle,
+		DialOptions, RejectReason, RequestResponseError, RequestResponseEvent,
+		RequestResponseHandle,
 	},
 	types::RequestId,
 };
@@ -372,7 +374,32 @@ impl RequestResponseProtocol {
 		let status = match error {
 			RequestResponseError::NotConnected =>
 				Some((RequestFailure::NotConnected, "not-connected")),
-			RequestResponseError::Rejected => Some((RequestFailure::Refused, "rejected")),
+			RequestResponseError::Rejected(reason) => {
+				let reason = match reason {
+					RejectReason::ConnectionClosed => "connection-closed",
+					RejectReason::SubstreamClosed => "substream-closed",
+					RejectReason::SubstreamOpenError(substream_error) => match substream_error {
+						SubstreamError::NegotiationError(NegotiationError::Timeout) =>
+							"substream-timeout",
+						_ => "substream-open-error",
+					},
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(None) => "dial-failed",
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(Some(ImmediateDialError::AlreadyConnected)) =>
+						"dial-already-connected",
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(Some(ImmediateDialError::PeerIdMissing)) =>
+						"dial-peerid-missing",
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(Some(ImmediateDialError::TriedToDialSelf)) =>
+						"dial-tried-to-dial-self",
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(Some(ImmediateDialError::NoAddressAvailable)) =>
+						"dial-no-address-available",
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(Some(ImmediateDialError::TaskClosed)) =>
+						"dial-task-closed",
+					RejectReason::DialFailed(Some(ImmediateDialError::ChannelClogged)) =>
+						"dial-channel-clogged",
+				};
+
+				Some((RequestFailure::Refused, reason))
+			},
 			RequestResponseError::Timeout =>
 				Some((RequestFailure::Network(OutboundFailure::Timeout), "timeout")),
 			RequestResponseError::Canceled => {

substrate/client/network/src/litep2p/shim/request_response/tests.rs

@@ -271,7 +271,12 @@ async fn too_many_inbound_requests() {
 	match handle2.next().await {
 		Some(RequestResponseEvent::RequestFailed { peer, error, .. }) => {
 			assert_eq!(peer, peer1);
-			assert_eq!(error, RequestResponseError::Rejected);
+			assert_eq!(
+				error,
+				RequestResponseError::Rejected(
+					litep2p::protocol::request_response::RejectReason::SubstreamClosed
+				)
+			);
 		},
 		event => panic!("inavlid event: {event:?}"),
 	}

substrate/client/tracing/src/logging/mod.rs

@@ -138,6 +138,9 @@ where
 		.add_directive(
 			parse_default_directive("trust_dns_proto=off").expect("provided directive is valid"),
 		)
+		.add_directive(
+			parse_default_directive("hickory_proto=off").expect("provided directive is valid"),
+		)
 		.add_directive(
 			parse_default_directive("libp2p_mdns::behaviour::iface=off")
 				.expect("provided directive is valid"),