DEPR: Index.get_loc with method (#42269)

doc/source/whatsnew/v1.4.0.rst

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ Other API changes
 Deprecations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 - Deprecated :meth:`Index.is_type_compatible` (:issue:`42113`)
--
+- Deprecated ``method`` argument in :meth:`Index.get_loc`, use ``index.get_indexer([label], method=...)`` instead (:issue:`42269`)
 
 .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 

pandas/core/indexes/base.py

@@ -3358,6 +3358,15 @@ def get_loc(self, key, method=None, tolerance=None):
             except KeyError as err:
                 raise KeyError(key) from err
 
+        # GH#42269
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"Passing method to {type(self).__name__}.get_loc is deprecated "
+            "and will raise in a future version. Use "
+            "index.get_indexer([item], method=...) instead",
+            FutureWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
         if is_scalar(key) and isna(key) and not self.hasnans:
             raise KeyError(key)
 
@@ -4948,14 +4957,24 @@ def asof(self, label):
         Traceback (most recent call last):
         ValueError: index must be monotonic increasing or decreasing
         """
+        self._searchsorted_monotonic(label)  # validate sortedness
         try:
-            loc = self.get_loc(label, method="pad")
-        except KeyError:
-            return self._na_value
+            loc = self.get_loc(label)
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
+            # KeyError -> No exact match, try for padded
+            # TypeError -> passed e.g. non-hashable, fall through to get
+            #  the tested exception message
+            indexer = self.get_indexer([label], method="pad")
+            if indexer.ndim > 1 or indexer.size > 1:
+                raise TypeError("asof requires scalar valued input")
+            loc = indexer.item()
+            if loc == -1:
+                return self._na_value
         else:
             if isinstance(loc, slice):
                 loc = loc.indices(len(self))[-1]
-            return self[loc]
+
+        return self[loc]
 
     def asof_locs(self, where: Index, mask: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
         """

pandas/tests/indexes/datetimes/test_indexing.py

@@ -422,6 +422,7 @@ def test_take_fill_value_with_timezone(self):
 
 class TestGetLoc:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [None, "pad", "backfill", "nearest"])
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc_method_exact_match(self, method):
         idx = date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3)
         assert idx.get_loc(idx[1], method) == 1
@@ -431,6 +432,7 @@ def test_get_loc_method_exact_match(self, method):
         if method is not None:
             assert idx.get_loc(idx[1], method, tolerance=pd.Timedelta("0 days")) == 1
 
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc(self):
         idx = date_range("2000-01-01", periods=3)
 
@@ -498,7 +500,8 @@ def test_get_loc(self):
         )
         msg = "cannot yet lookup inexact labels when key is a time object"
         with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=msg):
-            idx.get_loc(time(12, 30), method="pad")
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                idx.get_loc(time(12, 30), method="pad")
 
     def test_get_loc_time_nat(self):
         # GH#35114
@@ -518,7 +521,10 @@ def test_get_loc_tz_aware(self):
             freq="5s",
         )
         key = Timestamp("2019-12-12 10:19:25", tz="US/Eastern")
-        result = dti.get_loc(key, method="nearest")
+        with tm.assert_produces_warning(
+            FutureWarning, match="deprecated", check_stacklevel=False
+        ):
+            result = dti.get_loc(key, method="nearest")
         assert result == 7433
 
     def test_get_loc_nat(self):

pandas/tests/indexes/numeric/test_indexing.py

@@ -24,12 +24,17 @@ class TestGetLoc:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [None, "pad", "backfill", "nearest"])
     def test_get_loc(self, method):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
-        assert index.get_loc(1, method=method) == 1
+        warn = None if method is None else FutureWarning
+
+        with tm.assert_produces_warning(warn, match="deprecated"):
+            assert index.get_loc(1, method=method) == 1
 
         if method:
-            assert index.get_loc(1, method=method, tolerance=0) == 1
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(warn, match="deprecated"):
+                assert index.get_loc(1, method=method, tolerance=0) == 1
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [None, "pad", "backfill", "nearest"])
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc_raises_bad_label(self, method):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
         if method:
@@ -43,6 +48,7 @@ def test_get_loc_raises_bad_label(self, method):
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "method,loc", [("pad", 1), ("backfill", 2), ("nearest", 1)]
     )
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc_tolerance(self, method, loc):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
         assert index.get_loc(1.1, method) == loc
@@ -52,12 +58,14 @@ def test_get_loc_tolerance(self, method, loc):
     def test_get_loc_outside_tolerance_raises(self, method):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
         with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="1.1"):
-            index.get_loc(1.1, method, tolerance=0.05)
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                index.get_loc(1.1, method, tolerance=0.05)
 
     def test_get_loc_bad_tolerance_raises(self):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be numeric"):
-            index.get_loc(1.1, "nearest", tolerance="invalid")
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                index.get_loc(1.1, "nearest", tolerance="invalid")
 
     def test_get_loc_tolerance_no_method_raises(self):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
@@ -67,8 +75,10 @@ def test_get_loc_tolerance_no_method_raises(self):
     def test_get_loc_raises_missized_tolerance(self):
         index = Index([0, 1, 2])
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="tolerance size must match"):
-            index.get_loc(1.1, "nearest", tolerance=[1, 1])
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                index.get_loc(1.1, "nearest", tolerance=[1, 1])
 
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc_float64(self):
         idx = Float64Index([0.0, 1.0, 2.0])
         for method in [None, "pad", "backfill", "nearest"]:
@@ -139,7 +149,8 @@ def test_get_loc_float_index_nan_with_method(self, vals, method):
         # GH#39382
         idx = Index(vals)
         with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="nan"):
-            idx.get_loc(np.nan, method=method)
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                idx.get_loc(np.nan, method=method)
 
 
 class TestGetIndexer:

pandas/tests/indexes/object/test_indexing.py

@@ -10,12 +10,14 @@ class TestGetLoc:
     def test_get_loc_raises_object_nearest(self):
         index = Index(["a", "c"])
         with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="unsupported operand type"):
-            index.get_loc("a", method="nearest")
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                index.get_loc("a", method="nearest")
 
     def test_get_loc_raises_object_tolerance(self):
         index = Index(["a", "c"])
         with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="unsupported operand type"):
-            index.get_loc("a", method="pad", tolerance="invalid")
+            with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning, match="deprecated"):
+                index.get_loc("a", method="pad", tolerance="invalid")
 
 
 class TestGetIndexer:

pandas/tests/indexes/period/test_indexing.py

@@ -339,6 +339,7 @@ def test_get_loc_integer(self):
 
     # TODO: This method came from test_period; de-dup with version above
     @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [None, "pad", "backfill", "nearest"])
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc_method(self, method):
         idx = period_range("2000-01-01", periods=3)
 
@@ -352,6 +353,7 @@ def test_get_loc_method(self, method):
             idx.get_loc(key, method=method)
 
     # TODO: This method came from test_period; de-dup with version above
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc3(self):
 
         idx = period_range("2000-01-01", periods=5)[::2]

pandas/tests/indexes/timedeltas/test_indexing.py

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ def test_timestamp_invalid_key(self, key):
 
 
 class TestGetLoc:
+    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Passing method:FutureWarning")
     def test_get_loc(self):
         idx = to_timedelta(["0 days", "1 days", "2 days"])
 

pandas/tests/test_downstream.py

@@ -59,7 +59,11 @@ def test_xarray_cftimeindex_nearest():
     import xarray
 
     times = xarray.cftime_range("0001", periods=2)
-    result = times.get_loc(cftime.DatetimeGregorian(2000, 1, 1), method="nearest")
+    key = cftime.DatetimeGregorian(2000, 1, 1)
+    with tm.assert_produces_warning(
+        FutureWarning, match="deprecated", check_stacklevel=False
+    ):
+        result = times.get_loc(key, method="nearest")
     expected = 1
     assert result == expected