BUG/TST: assure conversions of datetimelikes for object, numeric dtypes

closes #19176

doc/source/whatsnew/v0.23.0.txt

@@ -385,6 +385,11 @@ Conversion
 - Bug in localization of a naive, datetime string in a ``Series`` constructor with a ``datetime64[ns, tz]`` dtype (:issue:`174151`)
 - :func:`Timestamp.replace` will now handle Daylight Savings transitions gracefully (:issue:`18319`)
 
+
+
+- Bug in ``.astype()`` to non-ns timedelta units would hold the incorrect dtype (:issue:`19176`, :issue:`19222`)
+
+
 Indexing
 ^^^^^^^^
 

pandas/_libs/tslibs/conversion.pyx

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ from np_datetime cimport (check_dts_bounds,
 
 from util cimport (is_string_object,
                    is_datetime64_object,
-                   is_integer_object, is_float_object)
+                   is_integer_object, is_float_object, is_array)
 
 from timedeltas cimport cast_from_unit
 from timezones cimport (is_utc, is_tzlocal, is_fixed_offset,
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ from nattype cimport NPY_NAT, checknull_with_nat
 # Constants
 
 cdef int64_t DAY_NS = 86400000000000LL
+NS_DTYPE = np.dtype('M8[ns]')
+TD_DTYPE = np.dtype('m8[ns]')
 
 UTC = pytz.UTC
 
@@ -73,13 +75,14 @@ cdef inline int64_t get_datetime64_nanos(object val) except? -1:
     return ival
 
 
-def ensure_datetime64ns(ndarray arr):
+def ensure_datetime64ns(ndarray arr, copy=True):
     """
     Ensure a np.datetime64 array has dtype specifically 'datetime64[ns]'
 
     Parameters
     ----------
     arr : ndarray
+    copy : boolean, default True
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -104,6 +107,8 @@ def ensure_datetime64ns(ndarray arr):
 
     unit = get_datetime64_unit(arr.flat[0])
     if unit == PANDAS_FR_ns:
+        if copy :
+            arr = arr.copy()
         result = arr
     else:
         for i in range(n):
@@ -117,6 +122,23 @@ def ensure_datetime64ns(ndarray arr):
     return result
 
 
+def ensure_timedelta64ns(ndarray arr, copy=True):
+    """
+    Ensure a np.timedelta64 array has dtype specifically 'timedelta64[ns]'
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    arr : ndarray
+    copy : boolean, default True
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    result : ndarray with dtype timedelta64[ns]
+
+    """
+    return arr.astype(TD_DTYPE, copy=copy)
+
+
 def datetime_to_datetime64(ndarray[object] values):
     """
     Convert ndarray of datetime-like objects to int64 array representing

pandas/core/dtypes/cast.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 from pandas._libs import tslib, lib
 from pandas._libs.tslib import iNaT
-from pandas.compat import string_types, text_type, PY3
+from pandas.compat import string_types, text_type
 from .common import (_ensure_object, is_bool, is_integer, is_float,
                      is_complex, is_datetimetz, is_categorical_dtype,
                      is_datetimelike,
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
                      pandas_dtype,
                      _ensure_int8, _ensure_int16,
                      _ensure_int32, _ensure_int64,
-                     _NS_DTYPE, _TD_DTYPE, _INT64_DTYPE,
+                     _NS_DTYPE, _TD_DTYPE,
                      _POSSIBLY_CAST_DTYPES)
 from .dtypes import ExtensionDtype, DatetimeTZDtype, PeriodDtype
 from .generic import (ABCDatetimeIndex, ABCPeriodIndex,
@@ -656,33 +656,29 @@ def astype_nansafe(arr, dtype, copy=True):
             return tslib.ints_to_pydatetime(arr.view(np.int64))
         elif dtype == np.int64:
             return arr.view(dtype)
-        elif dtype != _NS_DTYPE:
-            raise TypeError("cannot astype a datetimelike from [{from_dtype}] "
-                            "to [{to_dtype}]".format(from_dtype=arr.dtype,
-                                                     to_dtype=dtype))
-        return arr.astype(_NS_DTYPE)
+
+        # allow frequency conversions
+        if dtype.kind == 'M':
+            return arr.astype(dtype)
+
+        raise TypeError("cannot astype a datetimelike from [{from_dtype}] "
+                        "to [{to_dtype}]".format(from_dtype=arr.dtype,
+                                                 to_dtype=dtype))
+
     elif is_timedelta64_dtype(arr):
         if dtype == np.int64:
             return arr.view(dtype)
         elif dtype == object:
             return tslib.ints_to_pytimedelta(arr.view(np.int64))
 
-        # in py3, timedelta64[ns] are int64
-        elif ((PY3 and dtype not in [_INT64_DTYPE, _TD_DTYPE]) or
-              (not PY3 and dtype != _TD_DTYPE)):
-
-            # allow frequency conversions
-            if dtype.kind == 'm':
-                mask = isna(arr)
-                result = arr.astype(dtype).astype(np.float64)
-                result[mask] = np.nan
-                return result
+        # allow frequency conversions
+        if dtype.kind == 'm':
+            return arr.astype(dtype)
 
-            raise TypeError("cannot astype a timedelta from [{from_dtype}] "
-                            "to [{to_dtype}]".format(from_dtype=arr.dtype,
-                                                     to_dtype=dtype))
+        raise TypeError("cannot astype a timedelta from [{from_dtype}] "
+                        "to [{to_dtype}]".format(from_dtype=arr.dtype,
+                                                 to_dtype=dtype))
 
-        return arr.astype(_TD_DTYPE)
     elif (np.issubdtype(arr.dtype, np.floating) and
           np.issubdtype(dtype, np.integer)):
 
@@ -704,19 +700,7 @@ def astype_nansafe(arr, dtype, copy=True):
 
     if copy:
 
-        if arr.dtype == dtype:
-            return arr.copy()
-
-        # we handle datetimelikes with pandas machinery
-        # to be robust to the input type
-        elif is_datetime64_dtype(dtype):
-            from pandas import to_datetime
-            return to_datetime(arr).values
-        elif is_timedelta64_dtype(dtype):
-            from pandas import to_timedelta
-            return to_timedelta(arr).values
-
-        return arr.astype(dtype)
+        return arr.astype(dtype, copy=True)
     return arr.view(dtype)
 
 

pandas/core/dtypes/common.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 from pandas.compat import (string_types, text_type, binary_type,
                            PY3, PY36)
 from pandas._libs import algos, lib
+from pandas._libs.tslibs import conversion
 from .dtypes import (CategoricalDtype, CategoricalDtypeType,
                      DatetimeTZDtype, DatetimeTZDtypeType,
                      PeriodDtype, PeriodDtypeType,
@@ -21,8 +22,8 @@
                              for t in ['O', 'int8', 'uint8', 'int16', 'uint16',
                                        'int32', 'uint32', 'int64', 'uint64']])
 
-_NS_DTYPE = np.dtype('M8[ns]')
-_TD_DTYPE = np.dtype('m8[ns]')
+_NS_DTYPE = conversion.NS_DTYPE
+_TD_DTYPE = conversion.TD_DTYPE
 _INT64_DTYPE = np.dtype(np.int64)
 
 # oh the troubles to reduce import time
@@ -31,6 +32,9 @@
 _ensure_float64 = algos.ensure_float64
 _ensure_float32 = algos.ensure_float32
 
+_ensure_datetime64ns = conversion.ensure_datetime64ns
+_ensure_timedelta64ns = conversion.ensure_timedelta64ns
+
 
 def _ensure_float(arr):
     """

pandas/core/internals.py

@@ -1954,6 +1954,13 @@ class TimeDeltaBlock(DatetimeLikeBlockMixin, IntBlock):
     _can_hold_na = True
     is_numeric = False
 
+    def __init__(self, values, placement, fastpath=False, **kwargs):
+        if values.dtype != _TD_DTYPE:
+            values = conversion.ensure_timedelta64ns(values)
+
+        super(TimeDeltaBlock, self).__init__(values, fastpath=True,
+                                             placement=placement, **kwargs)
+
     @property
     def _box_func(self):
         return lambda x: tslib.Timedelta(x, unit='ns')

pandas/tests/frame/test_dtypes.py

@@ -640,6 +640,61 @@ def test_astype_categoricaldtype_class_raises(self, cls):
         with tm.assert_raises_regex(TypeError, xpr):
             df['A'].astype(cls)
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("arr_dtype", [np.int64, np.float64])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["M8", "m8"])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ['ns', 'us', 'ms', 's', 'h', 'm', 'D'])
+    def test_astype_to_datetimelike_unit(self, arr_dtype, dtype, unit):
+        # tests all units from numeric origination
+        # gh-19223
+        dtype = "{}[{}]".format(dtype, unit)
+        arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=arr_dtype)
+        df = DataFrame(arr)
+        result = df.astype(dtype)
+        expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ['ns', 'us', 'ms', 's', 'h', 'm', 'D'])
+    def test_astype_to_datetime_unit(self, unit):
+        # tests all units from datetime origination
+        # gh-19223
+        dtype = "M8[{}]".format(unit)
+        arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
+        df = DataFrame(arr)
+        result = df.astype(dtype)
+        expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ['ns', 'us', 'ms', 's', 'h', 'm', 'D'])
+    def test_astype_to_timedelta_unit(self, unit):
+        # tests all units from timedelta origination
+        # gh-19223
+        dtype = "m8[{}]".format(unit)
+        arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
+        df = DataFrame(arr)
+        result = df.astype(dtype)
+        expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
+
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ['ns', 'us', 'ms', 's', 'h', 'm', 'D'])
+    def test_astype_to_incorrect_datetimelike(self, unit):
+        # trying to astype a m to a M, or vice-versa
+        # gh-19176
+        dtype = "M8[{}]".format(unit)
+        other = "m8[{}]".format(unit)
+
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
+            df = DataFrame(arr)
+            df.astype(other)
+
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=other)
+            df = DataFrame(arr)
+            df.astype(dtype)
+
     def test_timedeltas(self):
         df = DataFrame(dict(A=Series(date_range('2012-1-1', periods=3,
                                                 freq='D')),

pandas/tests/series/test_constructors.py

@@ -552,10 +552,6 @@ def test_constructor_dtype_datetime64(self):
         s.iloc[0] = np.nan
         assert s.dtype == 'M8[ns]'
 
-        # invalid astypes
-        for t in ['s', 'D', 'us', 'ms']:
-            pytest.raises(TypeError, s.astype, 'M8[%s]' % t)
-
         # GH3414 related
         pytest.raises(TypeError, lambda x: Series(
             Series(dates).astype('int') / 1000000, dtype='M8[ms]'))
@@ -707,6 +703,20 @@ def test_constructor_with_datetime_tz(self):
         expected = Series(pd.DatetimeIndex(['NaT', 'NaT'], tz='US/Eastern'))
         assert_series_equal(s, expected)
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("arr_dtype", [np.int64, np.float64])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["M8", "m8"])
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ['ns', 'us', 'ms', 's', 'h', 'm', 'D'])
+    def test_construction_to_datetimelike_unit(self, arr_dtype, dtype, unit):
+        # tests all units
+        # gh-19223
+        dtype = "{}[{}]".format(dtype, unit)
+        arr = np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=arr_dtype)
+        s = Series(arr)
+        result = s.astype(dtype)
+        expected = Series(arr.astype(dtype))
+
+        tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('arg',
                              ['2013-01-01 00:00:00', pd.NaT, np.nan, None])
     def test_constructor_with_naive_string_and_datetimetz_dtype(self, arg):