Bump protobuf from 4.23.4 to 4.24.0 in /test (#478)

Bumps [protobuf](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf) from 4.23.4 to 4.24.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/protobuf_release.bzl)
- [Commits](protocolbuffers/protobuf@v4.23.4...v4.24.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: protobuf
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

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Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

test/requirements.ci.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 docker==6.1.3
 grpcio==1.56.2
-protobuf==4.23.4
+protobuf==4.24.0
 requests==2.31.0
 urllib3==2.0.4
 websocket-client==1.6.1