Convert CI pipeline to MicroBuild template

[tydunkel]

To remain compliant, all production pipelines must be converted to the 1ES pipeline template. The MicroBuild template is an extension on that template that simplifies installation of MicroBuild plugins.

While doing this work, I updated to the 2022 VS pool. This required an additional update to the Dockerfile to use a 2022 image.

[heaths]

Unblocking. Everything looks fine. My only concern was whether VS property sheets would be broken by the changes to the .props and .vcxproj files, which I've experienced before with seemingly banal changes.