Support arguments for rate-limited functions

[afshin]

This PR changes Debouncer#invoke and Throttler#invoke to support passing arguments into the underlying function being debounced or throttled.

Problem

@trungleduc points out a debouncing use case that uses arguments, which is not possible with Debouncer and required writing a debounce function:

function debounce<Params extends any[]>(
  func: (...args: Params) => any,
  timeout: number = 500
): (...args: Params) => void {
  let timer: NodeJS.Timeout;
  return (...args: Params) => {
    clearTimeout(timer);
    timer = setTimeout(() => {
      func(...args);
    }, timeout);
  };
}

The debounce function allows for passing a debounced function passed via props in a component:

<PropertyFrom
  key={hash}
  hash={hash}
  property={property}
  removeProperty={removeProperty}
  setProperty={debounce(setProperty)}
/>

The debounced function is invoked via props:

props.setProperty(props.hash, newState);

Solution

With this PR, a Debouncer instance supports arguments. It can be passed via props:

<PropertyFrom
  key={hash}
  hash={hash}
  property={property}
  removeProperty={removeProperty}
  setProperty={new Debouncer(setProperty)}
/>

And it is invoked via props:

props.setProperty.invoke(props.hash, newState);

Examples

This snippet will log Hello, Louie to the console.

const debouncer = new Debouncer((name?: string) => {
  console.log(`Hello, ${name || 'world'}`);
});
void debouncer.invoke('Huey');
void debouncer.invoke('Dewey');
void debouncer.invoke('Louie');

---

This snippet will log Hello, Huey to the console.

const throttler = new Throttler((name?: string) => {
  console.log(`Hello, ${name || 'world'}`);
});
void throttler.invoke('Huey');
void throttler.invoke('Dewey');
void throttler.invoke('Louie');

---

This snippet will log Hello, world to the console.

const throttler = new Throttler((name?: string) => {
  console.log(`Hello, ${name || 'world'}`);
});
void throttler.invoke();
void throttler.invoke('Dewey');
void throttler.invoke('Louie');

Backward-compatibility

This change is fully backward-compatible. However, sub-classes of RateLimiter should note that if they plan to use protected args they must set this.args inside their invoke method.

Semantic versioning

This PR changes the API in a backward-compatible way and adds a new feature. It is a minor version bump.

[fcollonval]

Minor optional suggestion otherwise it looks good to me.