feat: Add time-driven event processing for triggering scheduled transactions

[JivkoKelchev]

Description:

Add time-driven event processing for triggering scheduled transactions

Related issue(s):

Fixes #16019

Notes for reviewer:

1. The main goal of this PR was to process time-based events (execute schedule transactions) independent of the useerTxn’s stack. Ideally, to run the processInterval() method without even passing the userTxn and move the method invocation out of the execute() method. However, userTxn's stack should be used to purge the state in case of interval without executable schedules (only deleted or executed schedules). Also, in case the feature flag is false, the purge is done through the userTxn’s stack.

2. In order to reduce the number of changes in this PR

• The integration of the ScheduleService iterator will be in an upcoming PR.
• Fixing and enabling the tests contains scheduling of contract create/call will be in following PR.
• The precise calculation of the schedule consensus timestamp will be in an upcoming PR.

3. All mono tests will be redone to match the Hapi tests style guide when the work on the test plan starts.

Checklist

• Documented (Code comments, README, etc.)
• Tested (unit, integration, etc.)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 83.10940% with 88 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 63.59%. Comparing base (11f5f17) to head (c86922d).
Report is 1 commits behind head on develop.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...dera/node/app/workflows/handle/HandleWorkflow.java	78.37%	15 Missing and 9 partials ⚠️
...rvice/schedule/impl/WritableScheduleStoreImpl.java	79.68%	12 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
...ra/node/app/blocks/impl/KVStateChangeListener.java	0.00%	12 Missing ⚠️
.../hedera/node/app/throttle/ThrottleAccumulator.java	76.00%	8 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
...app/service/schedule/impl/ScheduleServiceImpl.java	87.01%	5 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
...ice/token/impl/handlers/FinalizeRecordHandler.java	14.28%	6 Missing ⚠️
...-app/src/main/java/com/hedera/node/app/Hedera.java	78.57%	2 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
...app/workflows/standalone/TransactionExecutors.java	76.92%	3 Missing ⚠️
.../node/app/workflows/prehandle/PreHandleResult.java	33.33%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
...ce/schedule/impl/handlers/ScheduleSignHandler.java	60.00%	0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
... and 1 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##             develop   #16017      +/-   ##
=============================================
+ Coverage      63.45%   63.59%   +0.14%     
- Complexity     20313    20396      +83     
=============================================
  Files           2545     2547       +2     
  Lines          94604    94872     +268     
  Branches        9878     9912      +34     
=============================================
+ Hits           60027    60330     +303     
+ Misses         30958    30923      -35     
  Partials        3619     3619              

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
.../utils/sysfiles/domain/throttling/ScaleFactor.java	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ce/addressbook/impl/helpers/AddressBookHelper.java	55.17% <ø> (ø)
.../main/java/com/hedera/node/app/spi/AppContext.java	33.33% <ø> (ø)
...com/hedera/node/app/blocks/BlockStreamManager.java	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...om/hedera/node/app/blocks/impl/BlockImplUtils.java	79.46% <100.00%> (+0.37%)	⬆️
...edera/node/app/blocks/impl/BlockStreamBuilder.java	73.17% <ø> (+3.98%)	⬆️
...a/node/app/blocks/impl/BlockStreamManagerImpl.java	94.88% <100.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️
...e/app/blocks/impl/BoundaryStateChangeListener.java	63.95% <100.00%> (+1.30%)	⬆️
...ode/app/blocks/schemas/V0560BlockStreamSchema.java	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...a/com/hedera/node/app/services/AppContextImpl.java	100.00% <ø> (ø)
... and 30 more

... and 30 files with indirect coverage changes

---- 🚨 Try these New Features:

• Flaky Tests Detection - Detect and resolve failed and flaky tests

[codacy-production]

Coverage summary from Codacy

See diff coverage on Codacy

Coverage variation	Diff coverage
✅ +0.13% (target: -1.00%)	✅ 87.72%

Coverage variation details

	Coverable lines	Covered lines	Coverage
Common ancestor commit (11f5f17)	97369	63457	65.17%
Head commit (c86922d)	97637 (+268)	63760 (+303)	65.30% (+0.13%)

Coverage variation is the difference between the coverage for the head and common ancestor commits of the pull request branch: <coverage of head commit> - <coverage of common ancestor commit>

Diff coverage details

	Coverable lines	Covered lines	Diff coverage
Pull request (#16017)	521	457	87.72%

Diff coverage is the percentage of lines that are covered by tests out of the coverable lines that the pull request added or modified: <covered lines added or modified>/<coverable lines added or modified> * 100%

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_{Codacy stopped sending the deprecated coverage status on June 5th, 2024. Learn more}

[github-actions]

Node: HAPI Test (Restart) Results

9 files  ±0  1 errors  8 suites   - 1   7m 23s ⏱️ - 1m 12s
7 tests  - 1  7 ✅  - 1  0 💤 ±0  0 ❌ ±0 
8 runs   - 1  8 ✅  - 1  0 💤 ±0  0 ❌ ±0 

For more details on these parsing errors, see this check.

Results for commit e0d80b6. ± Comparison against base commit 00ceb9a.

[tinker-michaelj]

LGTM, tyvm @JivkoKelchev !