[Stack Monitoring] Convert elasticsearch routes to TypeScript

[weltenwort]

📝 Summary

This converts the elasticsearch-specific stack monitoring routes to TypeScript.

closes #117760

🕵️‍♀️ Review notes

• I added type inference to the legacy request to gain more confidence into the request runtime types. In order to teach the compiler the correct inference flow I separated out validateParams, validateQuery and validateBody functions for each route. That way the correct request type is fixed and made available to the req argument of the route registration function. I also retrofitted that to the already converted APM and beats routes.
• The timeRange request param type performs the conversion to an epoch directly while decoding so I remove several downstream moment usages.
• Some of the called functions like getClusterStats and getPaginatedNodes don't actually take a ccs argument but the routes passed it as the last argument. It never took effect so I removed it.

[kibana-ci]

💚 Build Succeeded

• Buildkite Build
• Commit: d00d22e
• Storybooks Preview
• Webpack Bundle Analyzer

Metrics [docs]

✅ unchanged

History

• 💔 Build #40603 failed ac7f79c
• 💔 Build #40568 failed 1ebc79f
• 💔 Build #40519 failed 73221aa395efb6072d3d10b7913aca96fc206352

To update your PR or re-run it, just comment with:
@elasticmachine merge upstream

cc @weltenwort

[elasticmachine]

Pinging @elastic/infra-monitoring-ui (Team:Infra Monitoring UI)

[Kerry350]

LGTM ✅

Thanks for adding the type inference on LegacyRequest and expanding the shared types 🙏