feat(node): Add time synchronization check to setupOS #23792

Job	Run time
Bazel Test All	9m 23s
Bazel Build All Config Check	0s
Bazel Build Fuzzers	2m 5s
Bazel Build Fuzzers AFL	2m 10s
Build IC	16m 35s
Python CI Tests	2m 11s
Bazel Test macOS Intel	0s
Cargo Build Release Linux	9s
Cargo Clippy Linux	8s
Build Determinism (//publish/binaries:upload, release, build-ic/release, false)	17s
Build Determinism (//publish/canisters:upload, canisters, build-ic/canisters, false)	15s
Build Determinism (//ic-os/guestos/envs/prod:upload_disk-img, guest-os/update-img, build-ic/icos/...	14s
Build Determinism (//ic-os/hostos/envs/prod:upload_update-img, host-os/update-img, build-ic/icos/...	12s
Build Determinism (//ic-os/setupos/envs/prod:upload_disk-img, setup-os/disk-img, build-ic/icos/se...	16s
	33m 55s

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