Merge branch 'main' into pythongh-125413-info

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
     # reproducible: to get the same tools versions (autoconf, aclocal, ...)
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     container:
-      image: ghcr.io/python/autoconf:2024.11.11.11786316759
+      image: ghcr.io/python/autoconf:2025.01.02.12581854023
     timeout-minutes: 60
     needs: check_source
     if: needs.check_source.outputs.run_tests == 'true'
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "IMAGE_VERSION=${ImageVersion}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Check Autoconf and aclocal versions
         run: |
-          grep "Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71" configure
+          grep "Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.72" configure
           grep "aclocal 1.16.5" aclocal.m4
           grep -q "runstatedir" configure
           grep -q "PKG_PROG_PKG_CONFIG" aclocal.m4

.github/workflows/reusable-docs.yml

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ jobs:
   # Run "doctest" on HEAD as new syntax doesn't exist in the latest stable release
   doctest:
     name: 'Doctest'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: check-dependabot
       - id: check-github-workflows
+      - id: check-readthedocs
 
   - repo: https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint
     rev: v1.7.4

Doc/about.rst

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-=====================
-About these documents
-=====================
+========================
+About this documentation
+========================
 
 
-These documents are generated from `reStructuredText`_ sources by `Sphinx`_, a
-document processor specifically written for the Python documentation.
+Python's documentation is generated from `reStructuredText`_ sources
+using `Sphinx`_, a documentation generator originally created for Python
+and now maintained as an independent project.
 
 .. _reStructuredText: https://docutils.sourceforge.io/rst.html
 .. _Sphinx: https://www.sphinx-doc.org/
@@ -20,14 +21,14 @@ volunteers are always welcome!
 Many thanks go to:
 
 * Fred L. Drake, Jr., the creator of the original Python documentation toolset
-  and writer of much of the content;
+  and author of much of the content;
 * the `Docutils <https://docutils.sourceforge.io/>`_ project for creating
   reStructuredText and the Docutils suite;
 * Fredrik Lundh for his Alternative Python Reference project from which Sphinx
   got many good ideas.
 
 
-Contributors to the Python Documentation
+Contributors to the Python documentation
 ----------------------------------------
 
 Many people have contributed to the Python language, the Python standard

Doc/c-api/object.rst

@@ -493,6 +493,13 @@ Object Protocol
    on failure.  This is equivalent to the Python statement ``del o[key]``.
 
 
+.. c:function:: int PyObject_DelItemString(PyObject *o, const char *key)
+
+   This is the same as :c:func:`PyObject_DelItem`, but *key* is
+   specified as a :c:expr:`const char*` UTF-8 encoded bytes string,
+   rather than a :c:expr:`PyObject*`.
+
+
 .. c:function:: PyObject* PyObject_Dir(PyObject *o)
 
    This is equivalent to the Python expression ``dir(o)``, returning a (possibly

Doc/conf.py

@@ -101,9 +101,7 @@
 
 # Create table of contents entries for domain objects (e.g. functions, classes,
 # attributes, etc.). Default is True.
-toc_object_entries = True
-# Hide parents to tidy up long entries in sidebar
-toc_object_entries_show_parents = 'hide'
+toc_object_entries = False
 
 # Ignore any .rst files in the includes/ directory;
 # they're embedded in pages but not rendered as individual pages.

Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.16.rst

@@ -79,3 +79,8 @@ Pending removal in Python 3.16
 
   * The undocumented and unused :attr:`!TarFile.tarfile` attribute
     has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
+
+* :mod:`functools`:
+
+  * Calling the Python implementation of :func:`functools.reduce` with *function*
+    or *sequence* as keyword arguments has been deprecated since Python 3.14.

Doc/howto/free-threading-extensions.rst

@@ -96,8 +96,10 @@ Most of the C API is thread-safe, but there are some exceptions.
 
 * **Struct Fields**: Accessing fields in Python C API objects or structs
   directly is not thread-safe if the field may be concurrently modified.
-* **Macros**: Accessor macros like :c:macro:`PyList_GET_ITEM` and
-  :c:macro:`PyList_SET_ITEM` do not perform any error checking or locking.
+* **Macros**: Accessor macros like :c:macro:`PyList_GET_ITEM`,
+  :c:macro:`PyList_SET_ITEM`, and macros like
+  :c:macro:`PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE` that use the object returned by
+  :c:func:`PySequence_Fast` do not perform any error checking or locking.
   These macros are not thread-safe if the container object may be modified
   concurrently.
 * **Borrowed References**: C API functions that return

Doc/library/calendar.rst

@@ -138,21 +138,69 @@ interpreted as prescribed by the ISO 8601 standard.  Year 0 is 1 BC, year -1 is
 
    :class:`TextCalendar` instances have the following methods:
 
-   .. method:: formatmonth(theyear, themonth, w=0, l=0)
+
+   .. method:: formatday(theday, weekday, width)
+
+      Return a string representing a single day formatted with the given *width*.
+      If *theday* is ``0``, return a string of spaces of
+      the specified width, representing an empty day. The *weekday* parameter
+      is unused.
+
+   .. method:: formatweek(theweek, w=0, highlight_day=None)
+
+      Return a single week in a string with no newline. If *w* is provided, it
+      specifies the width of the date columns, which are centered. Depends
+      on the first weekday as specified in the constructor or set by the
+      :meth:`setfirstweekday` method.
+
+      .. versionchanged:: next
+         If *highlight_day* is given, this date is highlighted in color.
+         This can be :ref:`controlled using environment variables
+         <using-on-controlling-color>`.
+
+
+   .. method:: formatweekday(weekday, width)
+
+      Return a string representing the name of a single weekday formatted to
+      the specified *width*. The *weekday* parameter is an integer representing
+      the day of the week, where ``0`` is Monday and ``6`` is Sunday.
+
+
+   .. method:: formatweekheader(width)
+
+      Return a string containing the header row of weekday names, formatted
+      with the given *width* for each column. The names depend on the locale
+      settings and are padded to the specified width.
+
+
+   .. method:: formatmonth(theyear, themonth, w=0, l=0, highlight_day=None)
 
       Return a month's calendar in a multi-line string. If *w* is provided, it
       specifies the width of the date columns, which are centered. If *l* is
       given, it specifies the number of lines that each week will use. Depends
       on the first weekday as specified in the constructor or set by the
       :meth:`setfirstweekday` method.
 
+      .. versionchanged:: next
+         If *highlight_day* is given, this date is highlighted in color.
+         This can be :ref:`controlled using environment variables
+         <using-on-controlling-color>`.
+
+
+   .. method:: formatmonthname(theyear, themonth, width=0, withyear=True)
+
+      Return a string representing the month's name centered within the
+      specified *width*. If *withyear* is ``True``, include the year in the
+      output. The *theyear* and *themonth* parameters specify the year
+      and month for the name to be formatted respectively.
+
 
    .. method:: prmonth(theyear, themonth, w=0, l=0)
 
       Print a month's calendar as returned by :meth:`formatmonth`.
 
 
-   .. method:: formatyear(theyear, w=2, l=1, c=6, m=3)
+   .. method:: formatyear(theyear, w=2, l=1, c=6, m=3, highlight_day=None)
 
       Return a *m*-column calendar for an entire year as a multi-line string.
       Optional parameters *w*, *l*, and *c* are for date column width, lines per
@@ -161,6 +209,11 @@ interpreted as prescribed by the ISO 8601 standard.  Year 0 is 1 BC, year -1 is
       :meth:`setfirstweekday` method.  The earliest year for which a calendar
       can be generated is platform-dependent.
 
+      .. versionchanged:: next
+         If *highlight_day* is given, this date is highlighted in color.
+         This can be :ref:`controlled using environment variables
+         <using-on-controlling-color>`.
+
 
    .. method:: pryear(theyear, w=2, l=1, c=6, m=3)
 
@@ -437,7 +490,7 @@ The :mod:`calendar` module exports the following data attributes:
 
    A sequence that represents the months of the year in the current locale.  This
    follows normal convention of January being month number 1, so it has a length of
-   13 and  ``month_name[0]`` is the empty string.
+   13 and ``month_name[0]`` is the empty string.
 
        >>> import calendar
        >>> list(calendar.month_name)
@@ -516,7 +569,7 @@ The :mod:`calendar` module defines the following exceptions:
 
 .. _calendar-cli:
 
-Command-Line Usage
+Command-line usage
 ------------------
 
 .. versionadded:: 2.5
@@ -654,6 +707,9 @@ The following options are accepted:
    The number of months printed per row.
    Defaults to 3.
 
+.. versionchanged:: next
+   By default, today's date is highlighted in color and can be
+   :ref:`controlled using environment variables <using-on-controlling-color>`.
 
 *HTML-mode options:*
 

Doc/library/ctypes.rst

@@ -2182,6 +2182,28 @@ Utility functions
    .. audit-event:: ctypes.wstring_at ptr,size ctypes.wstring_at
 
 
+.. function:: memoryview_at(ptr, size, readonly=False)
+
+   Return a :class:`memoryview` object of length *size* that references memory
+   starting at *void \*ptr*.
+
+   If *readonly* is true, the returned :class:`!memoryview` object can
+   not be used to modify the underlying memory.
+   (Changes made by other means will still be reflected in the returned
+   object.)
+
+   This function is similar to :func:`string_at` with the key
+   difference of not making a copy of the specified memory.
+   It is a semantically equivalent (but more efficient) alternative to
+   ``memoryview((c_byte * size).from_address(ptr))``.
+   (While :meth:`~_CData.from_address` only takes integers, *ptr* can also
+   be given as a :class:`ctypes.POINTER` or a :func:`~ctypes.byref` object.)
+
+   .. audit-event:: ctypes.memoryview_at address,size,readonly
+
+   .. versionadded:: next
+
+
 .. _ctypes-data-types:
 
 Data types

Doc/library/decimal.rst

@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ New contexts can also be created using the :class:`Context` constructor
 described below. In addition, the module provides three pre-made contexts:
 
 
-.. class:: BasicContext
+.. data:: BasicContext
 
    This is a standard context defined by the General Decimal Arithmetic
    Specification.  Precision is set to nine.  Rounding is set to
@@ -1044,7 +1044,7 @@ described below. In addition, the module provides three pre-made contexts:
    Because many of the traps are enabled, this context is useful for debugging.
 
 
-.. class:: ExtendedContext
+.. data:: ExtendedContext
 
    This is a standard context defined by the General Decimal Arithmetic
    Specification.  Precision is set to nine.  Rounding is set to
@@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@ described below. In addition, the module provides three pre-made contexts:
    presence of conditions that would otherwise halt the program.
 
 
-.. class:: DefaultContext
+.. data:: DefaultContext
 
    This context is used by the :class:`Context` constructor as a prototype for new
    contexts.  Changing a field (such a precision) has the effect of changing the

Doc/library/faulthandler.rst

@@ -91,6 +91,10 @@ Fault handler state
       The dump now mentions if a garbage collector collection is running
       if *all_threads* is true.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: next
+      Only the current thread is dumped if the :term:`GIL` is disabled to
+      prevent the risk of data races.
+
 .. function:: disable()
 
    Disable the fault handler: uninstall the signal handlers installed by