kernel-balena.bbclass: Add aufs patches for 6.12 kernels

[floion]

Change-type: patch

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Contributor checklist

• Changes have been tested
  • Covered in automated test suite
  • Manual test case recorded
• Change-type present on at least one commit
• Signed-off-by is present
• The PR complies with the Open Embedded Commit Patch Message Guidelines

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