Fix GPIOTE crashes by checking everything is ok

[tannewt]

Fixes #5240 and fixes #5211

[dhalbert]

LGTM; I fast-forwarded through your stream and followed the thinking. It would be great if others could test this on hardware.

[jpconstantineau]

I'll be able to check the encoders on my hardware once it lands on S3.

[microdev1]

@jpconstantineau You can test the build artifacts from this PR. They are here.

[jpconstantineau]

The BlueMicro840 built fine. Tested it with 5 and 4 encoders.
5th initialization fails and RuntimeError: All channels in use exception comes out as expected.

With 4 encoders only, all 4 work as expected.

Haven't tested with using other GPIOTE consumers but I expect rotaryio will be fine if the above test is good.

[mrdalgaard]

Tested that countio.deinit() works (does not crash), and alarm + countio can run concurrently

[mrdalgaard]

It is however possible to initialize both pin_alarm and countio on the same pin if done in specific order

alarm_pin = alarm.pin.PinAlarm(pin=board.A2, value=False)
counter = countio.Counter(board.A2)

Will run, but alarm will not trigger on light sleep (it will on deep sleep)

counter = countio.Counter(board.A2)
alarm_pin = alarm.pin.PinAlarm(pin=board.A2, value=False)

Will error with:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "code.py", line 7, in <module>
ValueError: A2 in use

[dhalbert]

👍