ft_printf - 1337 Project

📜 Project Overview

ft_printf is a core project in the 1337 curriculum (part of the 42 Network) that requires reimplementing the standard printf function. This project deepens understanding of variadic functions, formatting, and precise output handling in C.

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🚀 Features

• Supports formatted output similar to the standard printf.
• Handles various conversions and format specifiers.
• Implements custom memory and string manipulation utilities for efficient output generation.
• Bonus: Supports formatting flags ., -, 0, +, and #.

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📂 Repository Structure

|-- Makefile                    // Compilation rules for building the library  
|-- ft_printf.c                 // Core implementation of the ft_printf function  
|-- ft_printf.h                 // Header file containing function prototypes  
|-- ft_printf_utils.c           // Helper functions for formatting and output  
|-- ft_printf_utils_bonus.c     // Bonus-specific helper functions  
|-- handle_d.c                  // Handles integer (%d, %i) formatting  
|-- handle_p.c                  // Handles pointer (%p) formatting  
|-- handle_s.c                  // Handles string (%s) formatting  
|-- handle_s_bonus.c            // Bonus: Handles advanced string formatting  
|-- handle_u.c                  // Handles unsigned integer (%u) formatting  
|-- handle_x.c                  // Handles hexadecimal (%x, %X) formatting  

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🛠️ How to Use

1. Clone the Repository

git clone https://github.com/Mohaben-1/42-ft_printf_1337.git
cd 42-ft_printf_1337  

2. Compile the Library

Use the provided Makefile to compile:

• Without Bonus

  make  

• With Bonus

  make bonus  

The compiled library (libftprintf.a) will be generated.

3. Include ft_printf in Your Project

Link the library during compilation:

gcc your_main_file.c -L. -lftprintf -o your_program  

Include the ft_printf.h header in your source code:

#include "ft_printf.h"  

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📖 Supported Format Specifiers

Standard Specifiers:

• %c – Character
• %s – String
• %p – Pointer address
• %d – Signed decimal integer
• %i – Signed integer
• %u – Unsigned decimal integer
• %x – Hexadecimal (lowercase)
• %X – Hexadecimal (uppercase)
• %% – Percentage symbol

Bonus Flags:

• . – Precision handling.
• - – Left justification.
• 0 – Zero padding.
• + – Explicitly show the sign for positive numbers.
• # – Alternate form for hexadecimal and octal representations.

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📖 Usage Examples

Without Bonus

#include "ft_printf.h"  

int main(void) {  
    int num = 42;  
    char *str = "Hello, World!";  

    ft_printf("Integer: %d\n", num);  
    ft_printf("String: %s\n", str);  
    ft_printf("Pointer: %p\n", &num);  
    ft_printf("Hexadecimal: %x\n", num);  

    return 0;  
}  

Output:

Integer: 42  
String: Hello, World!  
Pointer: 0x7ffeefbff580  
Hexadecimal: 2a  

With Bonus

#include "ft_printf.h"  

int main(void) {  
    int num = 42;  
    char *str = "Hello, World!";  

    ft_printf("Left justified: %-10d\n", num);  
    ft_printf("Zero padded: %010d\n", num);  
    ft_printf("Precision: %.5s\n", str);  
    ft_printf("Show sign: %+d\n", num);  
    ft_printf("Alternate hex: %#x\n", num);  

    return 0;  
}  

Output:

Left justified: 42        
Zero padded: 0000000042  
Precision: Hello  
Show sign: +42  
Alternate hex: 0x2a  

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🛡️ Makefile Targets

• make – Compiles the mandatory part of the library.
• make bonus – Compiles the bonus part with additional formatting capabilities.
• make clean – Removes object files.
• make fclean – Removes object files and the compiled library (libftprintf.a).
• make re – Cleans and recompiles everything.

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📋 Objectives

• Reimplement the standard printf function.
• Master variadic functions and formatting output in C.
• Extend functionality with bonus formatting flags for advanced output.

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🌟 Achievements

• Gained a deeper understanding of variadic functions.
• Successfully handled complex formatting, output scenarios, and bonus flags.
• Created a reusable ft_printf library for future projects.

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🛡️ License

This project is part of the 1337 curriculum. It is shared here for educational purposes and should not be used for plagiarism.