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Merge bogensch/atm/SCM_REPLAY_quasiB4B (PR #3051)
Improve accuracy of the SCM "Replay" mode This PR improves the accuracy of the SCM Replay mode. Previous implementation allowed the user to "replicate the behavior" of an E3SM run in SCM, but with temperature errors on the order of ~0.1 K after a day. This PR will provide the user with capability to produce "quasi-bit-for-bit" results with Replay mode, with temperature errors on the order of ~1.e-5 K. The reason why Replay mode is unable to provide fully B4B results is because the dynamics tendency computed for Replay is not identical to the way that the full model computes its dynamics tendencies (which involves sub-cycling in the SE dynamical core). Thus, there is issue with roundoff. Note that in the past, CAM Replay mode with Eulerian dy-core could produce "B4B" results but only because if the flag to generate Replay mode output was turned on, they updated their T and Q based on the tendency computed for Replay purposes. Thus the run to generate Replay forcing was NOT b4b with a normal production run. We are working on a truly B4B Replay mode for E3SM and a future PR will support this which will involve higher precision computation of the dynamical tendencies. This PR also renames the old "-camiop" flag to "-e3smreplay" flag to be more current and consistent with E3SM. Other flags are renamed accordingly throughout the code. Note that in this PR the e3sm_developer test "SMS_R_Ld5.ne4_ne4.FSCM5A97" is an expected fail when comparing results to baseline. This is because where the large-scale vertical velocity is read in and updated had to be moved so that CLUBB could see it at the consistent timestep. It was validated that results for selected tested cases (ARM97, GOAMAZON, DYCOMS-RF01, BOMEX) have very minimal impacts with this fix included. All other e3sm_developer tests pass. [BFB] except for the SCM test.
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