feat: Begin specialization of postgres view from the base View.

Refactors out the notion of dialect-specific view classes that can
contain dialect-specific view behaviors. This moves the handling of
PGView and PGMaterializedView adapters from alembic_utils to that
postgres dialect definition.

Using the `@view` decorator should work identically before/after this
change. However, note this deprecates the use of `materialized` and `constraints`
through direct construction of a generic `View` instance. Instead, you
should directly construct the dialect-specific variant (of which
`sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.dialects.postgresql.View` is the only
one currently).

The primary **addition** of this PR is an optional
`materialized=MaterializedOptions(with_data=False)` variant of defining
materialized views.

docs/source/views.md

@@ -101,9 +101,16 @@ Finally, you can directly call `register_view` to imperitively register a normal
 ## Materialized views
 
 Materialized views can be created by adding the `materialized=True` kwarg to the
-`@view` decorator, or else by supplying the same kwarg directly to the `View`
+`@view` decorator, or else by supplying the same kwarg directly to a supported `View`
 constructor.
 
+```{note}
+Only certain dialects support `materialized` and `constraints`. If you need these
+options, you should reach for the dialect-specific variant defined at
+`sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.dialects.<dialect>.View` instead of the generic
+one.
+```
+
 Note that in order to refresh materialized views concurrently, the Postgres
 requires the view to have a unique constraint. The constraint can be applied in
 the same way that it would be on a normal table (i.e. `__table_args__`):
@@ -121,3 +128,12 @@ Additionally the sqlalchemy `UniqueConstraint` index type is supported.
 Internally these options are converted to
 `sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.ViewIndex`, which you **can** instead use
 directly, if desired.
+
+### `MaterializedOptions`
+
+The `materialized` argument (either through `@view` or through direct construction
+of a `View` object) can be **either** a `bool` or a dialect-specific `MaterializedOptions`
+object.
+
+Use of the bool implies the dialect's default settings for construction of a materialized
+view.

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [tool.poetry]
 name = "sqlalchemy-declarative-extensions"
-version = "0.8.3"
+version = "0.9.0"
 authors = ["Dan Cardin <ddcardin@gmail.com>"]
 
 description = "Library to declare additional kinds of objects not natively supported by SQLAlchemy/Alembic."

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/dialects/__init__.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     get_schemas,
     get_triggers,
     get_view,
+    get_view_cls,
     get_views,
 )
 
@@ -22,15 +23,16 @@
     "get_current_schema",
     "get_default_grants",
     "get_function_cls",
+    "get_functions",
     "get_grants",
     "get_objects",
     "get_role_cls",
     "get_roles",
     "get_schemas",
     "get_triggers",
     "get_view",
+    "get_view_cls",
     "get_views",
-    "get_functions",
     "mysql",
     "postgresql",
     "sqlite",

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/dialects/postgresql/__init__.py

@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@
     TriggerForEach,
     TriggerTimes,
 )
+from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.dialects.postgresql.view import (
+    MaterializedOptions,
+    View,
+)
+from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.view.base import ViewIndex
 
 __all__ = [
     "DefaultGrant",
@@ -35,6 +40,7 @@
     "GrantStatement",
     "GrantStatement",
     "GrantTypes",
+    "MaterializedOptions",
     "Role",
     "SchemaGrants",
     "SequenceGrants",
@@ -44,4 +50,6 @@
     "TriggerForEach",
     "TriggerTimes",
     "TypeGrants",
+    "View",
+    "ViewIndex",
 ]

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/dialects/postgresql/query.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 from sqlalchemy import Index, UniqueConstraint
 from sqlalchemy.engine import Connection
 
+from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.dialects.postgresql import View, ViewIndex
 from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.dialects.postgresql.acl import (
     parse_acl,
     parse_default_acl,
@@ -29,8 +30,10 @@
     TriggerForEach,
     TriggerTimes,
 )
+from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.dialects.postgresql.view import (
+    MaterializedOptions,
+)
 from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.sql import qualify_name
-from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.view.base import View, ViewIndex
 
 
 def get_schemas_postgresql(connection: Connection):
@@ -136,7 +139,7 @@ def get_views_postgresql(connection: Connection):
             v.name,
             v.definition,
             schema=schema,
-            materialized=v.materialized,
+            materialized=MaterializedOptions() if v.materialized else False,
             constraints=indexes or None,
         )
         views.append(view)

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/dialects/postgresql/view.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field, replace
+from typing import Any, Literal
+
+from sqlalchemy import MetaData
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Connection, Dialect
+from typing_extensions import override
+
+from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.view import base
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MaterializedOptions:
+    with_data: bool = field(compare=False, default=True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_value(
+        cls, value: bool | dict | MaterializedOptions
+    ) -> MaterializedOptions | Literal[False]:
+        if not value:
+            return False
+
+        if value is True:
+            return MaterializedOptions()
+
+        if isinstance(value, dict):
+            return MaterializedOptions(**value)
+
+        return value
+
+
+@dataclass
+class View(base.View):
+    """Represent a postgres-specific view.
+
+    Per the deprecation on the base `View` object: There exists a `materialized`
+    argument on this class, which has no effect on this class. It will be removed
+    when the attribute is removed from the base class. The `constraints` field however,
+    will remain, as this class is the new destination.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    @override
+    def coerce_from_unknown(cls, unknown: Any) -> View:
+        if isinstance(unknown, View):
+            return unknown
+
+        if isinstance(unknown, base.DeclarativeView):
+            return cls(
+                unknown.name,
+                unknown.view_def,
+                unknown.schema,
+                materialized=unknown.materialized,
+                constraints=unknown.constraints,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            import alembic_utils  # noqa
+        except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+            pass
+        else:
+            from alembic_utils.pg_materialized_view import PGMaterializedView
+            from alembic_utils.pg_view import PGView
+
+            if isinstance(unknown, PGView):
+                return cls(
+                    name=unknown.signature,
+                    definition=unknown.definition,
+                    schema=unknown.schema,
+                )
+
+            if isinstance(unknown, PGMaterializedView):
+                return cls(
+                    name=unknown.signature,
+                    definition=unknown.definition,
+                    schema=unknown.schema,
+                    materialized=MaterializedOptions(with_data=unknown.with_data),
+                )
+
+        result = super().coerce_from_unknown(unknown)
+        if result.materialized:
+            return cls(
+                name=result.name,
+                definition=result.definition,
+                schema=result.schema,
+                materialized=True,
+                constraints=result.constraints,
+            )
+
+        return cls(
+            name=result.name,
+            definition=result.definition,
+            schema=result.schema,
+        )
+
+    def to_sql_create(self, dialect: Dialect) -> list[str]:
+        definition = self.compile_definition(dialect).removesuffix(";")
+
+        components = ["CREATE"]
+        if self.materialized:
+            components.append("MATERIALIZED")
+
+        components.append("VIEW")
+        components.append(self.qualified_name)
+        components.append("AS")
+        components.append(definition)
+
+        materialized_options = MaterializedOptions.from_value(self.materialized)
+
+        if self.materialized:
+            assert isinstance(self.materialized, MaterializedOptions)
+            if materialized_options and not materialized_options.with_data:
+                components.append("WITH NO DATA")
+
+        statement = " ".join(components) + ";"
+
+        result = [statement]
+        result.extend(self.render_constraints(create=True))
+
+        return result
+
+    def normalize(
+        self, conn: Connection, metadata: MetaData, using_connection: bool = True
+    ) -> View:
+        instance = super().normalize(conn, metadata, using_connection)
+        return replace(
+            instance,
+            materialized=MaterializedOptions.from_value(self.materialized),
+        )

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/dialects/query.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     get_views_sqlite,
 )
 from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.sqlalchemy import dialect_dispatch, select
+from sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions.view import View
 
 get_schemas = dialect_dispatch(
     postgresql=get_schemas_postgresql,
@@ -74,6 +75,11 @@
     mysql=get_views_mysql,
 )
 
+get_view_cls = dialect_dispatch(
+    postgresql=lambda _: postgresql.View,
+    default=lambda _: View,
+)
+
 get_view = dialect_dispatch(
     postgresql=get_view_postgresql,
 )

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/role/compare.py

@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ def compare_roles(connection: Connection, roles: Roles) -> list[Operation]:
             result.append(CreateRoleOp(role))
         else:
             existing_role = existing_roles_by_name[role_name]
-            role_cls = type(existing_role)
 
             # An input role might be defined as a more general `Role` while
             # the `existing_role` will always be a concrete dialect-specific version.

src/sqlalchemy_declarative_extensions/sqlalchemy.py

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ def dialect_dispatch(
     sqlite: Callable[Concatenate[Connection, P], T] | None = None,
     mysql: Callable[Concatenate[Connection, P], T] | None = None,
     snowflake: Callable[Concatenate[Connection, P], T] | None = None,
+    default: Callable[Concatenate[Connection, P], T] | None = None,
 ) -> Callable[Concatenate[Connection, P], T]:
     dispatchers = {
         "postgresql": postgresql,
@@ -35,10 +36,10 @@ def dialect_dispatch(
 
     def dispatch(connection: Connection, *args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
         dialect_name = connection.dialect.name
-        if dialect_name == "pmrsqlite":
+        if "sqlite" in dialect_name:
             dialect_name = "sqlite"
 
-        dispatcher = dispatchers.get(dialect_name)
+        dispatcher = dispatchers.get(dialect_name) or default
         if dispatcher is None:  # pragma: no cover
             raise NotImplementedError(
                 f"'{dialect_name}' is not yet supported for this operation."