快速搭建私有区块链

前言

多个服务的大杂烩，基本上不用考虑直接上生产，服务可拆分，包含geth的admin服务，区块链数据同步到es的同步服务，水龙头，区块链浏览器
由于需要geth，且windows 有太多奇奇怪怪的bug，照顾跨平台的情况，目前用docker-compose 模拟脚本

环境要求

docker （必须）
nodejs v14 （涉及到解析公钥，打包区块链浏览器客户端）
go 1.18 （区块链admin服务，节点同步es的服务）

硬件要求

挖矿不占很多资源，尤其是poa共识机制下，仅仅区块链最低需要4核8g
硬盘最好是固态
根据自己的需求可以适当降低配置

前置提醒

特别注意链id 创建后不可更改，请慎重，最好弄一个比较大不会有人用的，以防和公链重复，在本文中均使用 8549140784658，可以自行更改，全局搜索，批量替换

区块链服务介绍

区块链建议起三个服务分别为 boot，miner，rpc，其中boot为引导节点，miner为挖矿节点，rpc为业务通讯节点，由于抢占式系统的原因，三个服务应部署在三台机器上，但在本案例中，由于资源限制，更改端口后部署同一台机器上

创建区块链流程

设置密码，根目录下创建chain文件夹，这里面放的是所有docker的容器内映射的文件；在chain文件夹下创建password文件，并输入密码（最少十位）

创建挖矿账号

 docker-compose -f docker-compose.account.yml up

生成自己的助记词（可选步骤）

// 复制 do.example.js 为do.js 自己改想执行的方法 里面有注释 也可参考源码

// 将do.js 改为
const utils = require ('./utils')

console.log(utils.generateMnemonic())

// 然后执行，会在终端打印一个助记词
node do.js

生成自己的账号 (可选步骤)

const utils = require ('./utils')

utils.createKeys(<mnemonic>)
// 然后执行，会生成一个key.json
node do.js

导出挖矿私钥（后期水龙头需要）

const utils = require ('./utils')

utils.getPrivateKeyAndCreateFile('./chain/account/keystore','./chain/password')
// 然后执行，会生成一个miner.json
node do.js

6.1 假如你想创建区块链 6.1.1 Clique 部分 (如果你想创建自己的保留账号，你可以执行 utils下的createKeys，输入你的助记词，可以生成20个账号，放到key.json中) 在 chain 文件夹下创建文件genesis.json 填入以下内容 (注意chainId部分，要和接下来的启动服务统一)


{
  "config": {
    "chainId": <8549140784658>,
    "homesteadBlock": 0,
    "eip150Block": 0,
    "eip155Block": 0,
    "eip158Block": 0,
    "byzantiumBlock": 0,
    "constantinopleBlock": 0,
    "petersburgBlock": 0,
    "clique": {
      "period": 5,
      "epoch": 30000
    }
  },
  "difficulty": "1",
  "gasLimit": "8000000",
  "extradata": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000<没有0x前缀的挖矿地址地址保证修改后是236的长度>0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "alloc": {
    "<建议是挖矿地址>": { "balance": "999999" },

    "<测试账号地址/上一步创建的自己的账号地址>": { "balance": "999999" }
  }
}

//例如
{
  "config": {
    "chainId": 8549140784658,
    "homesteadBlock": 0,
    "eip150Block": 0,
    "eip155Block": 0,
    "eip158Block": 0,
    "byzantiumBlock": 0,
    "constantinopleBlock": 0,
    "petersburgBlock": 0,
    "clique": {
      "period": 5,
      "epoch": 30000
    }
  },
  "difficulty": "1",
  "gasLimit": "8000000",
  "extradata": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007eb8404F07Daf2405D458F2eA1eB77409d524d7F0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "alloc": {
    "7eb8404F07Daf2405D458F2eA1eB77409d524d7F": {
      "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
    },
     "f39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "70997970C51812dc3A010C7d01b50e0d17dc79C8": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "3C44CdDdB6a900fa2b585dd299e03d12FA4293BC": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "90F79bf6EB2c4f870365E785982E1f101E93b906": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "15d34AAf54267DB7D7c367839AAf71A00a2C6A65": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "9965507D1a55bcC2695C58ba16FB37d819B0A4dc": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "976EA74026E726554dB657fA54763abd0C3a0aa9": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "14dC79964da2C08b23698B3D3cc7Ca32193d9955": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "23618e81E3f5cdF7f54C3d65f7FBc0aBf5B21E8f": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "a0Ee7A142d267C1f36714E4a8F75612F20a79720": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "Bcd4042DE499D14e55001CcbB24a551F3b954096": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "71bE63f3384f5fb98995898A86B02Fb2426c5788": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "FABB0ac9d68B0B445fB7357272Ff202C5651694a": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "1CBd3b2770909D4e10f157cABC84C7264073C9Ec": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "dF3e18d64BC6A983f673Ab319CCaE4f1a57C7097": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "cd3B766CCDd6AE721141F452C550Ca635964ce71": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "2546BcD3c84621e976D8185a91A922aE77ECEc30": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "bDA5747bFD65F08deb54cb465eB87D40e51B197E": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "dD2FD4581271e230360230F9337D5c0430Bf44C0": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      },
      "8626f6940E2eb28930eFb4CeF49B2d1F2C9C1199": {
        "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
      }
  }
}

config部分为了没有引入bip1559

6.1.2 Ethash 部分

{
 "config": {
   "chainId": 8549140784658,
   "homesteadBlock": 0,
   "eip150Block": 0,
   "eip155Block": 0,
   "eip158Block": 0,
   "byzantiumBlock": 0,
   "constantinopleBlock": 0,
   "petersburgBlock": 0,
   "istanbulBlock": 0,
   "berlinBlock": 0,
   "londonBlock": 0,
   "ethash": {}
 },
 "difficulty": "1",
 "gasLimit": "8000000",
 "alloc": {
 "7eb8404F07Daf2405D458F2eA1eB77409d524d7F": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "68F3b9eE1E9aC8704591D0B185171113b7A8cA59": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "a4FF0a8D37342daf2a92A8aad710292A10c4610E": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "8D3bDAde6fF60ad610029435d0ce03F09fF43d88": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "bF52e9a726798F4023b29BbE0043D127d28Ea4B3": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "7d33137B979BB4Ae5D30f454003330CF489f186e": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "e9Ee0FA08F9DaB90FdEdD00816A08c473552394E": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "7dc8293C8928FA0F6704aD469FfC737b06bAF5b7": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "db19edB85Db5fcf7cA762356Ca0C37C7b35A9827": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "299261BDB619B46B111068a8cF29A96b7417e29E": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "00F218e2Cc15C3F88206a217F135468a7dfD639A": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "8Ed57a034693A814AF040E1b830F1bC69c3936da": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "Cda28FF82F6Bf1E49ae526Dc934DFB424a9C144d": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "30E8F6Cd1e2B901DEDF2f1d2afEa924113c71e21": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "Cde39aeaE924df3F802138b025eD5ca5042f0B46": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "4dDDCa80C4b061394C42bFB9A9eF2893dd36617d": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "cb42f2C850D9CC0DD000F9F6d99d84D0002D5421": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "2a8C97b63e197b2eB293F3E9A15a84D634e7cc9B": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "97B672a69683ee5a560DC423Ef99f6c1cfFcdd8f": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "05e89A2f96Ee1d43Ab99AB59898C8eB544346690": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 },
 "E7bC3ADdB4c41Dc236fEFAdc5FCCCF539F7cA7bb": {
   "balance": "1000000000000000000000"
 }
}
}

6.2 加入区块链 // todo 7. 创建三个服务（boot rpc miner）


docker-compose -f docker-compose.create.boot.yml up
docker-compose -f docker-compose.create.rpc.yml up
docker-compose -f docker-compose.create.miner.yml up

启动引导服务（boot服务）


// 记得 修改entrypoint部分的链id ，ip设置为当前机器的对外ip 必须要设置 其他节点需要知道宿主机的地址 以便接入
docker-compose -f docker-compose.boot.yml up -d

获取boot服务的enr


// 有两个选择 第一种启动admin服务 访问 <http://127.0.0.1:8080/nodeInfo/><name> 这种是针对将来 其他节点加入 方便获取enr做的
// admin是一个go项目，将其打包生成linux可执行的main，在chain文件夹下新建admin文件夹，复制admin到chain/admin文件夹 记得修改elastic search 的地址
docker-compose -f docker-compose.admin.yml up -d
// 然后访问 <http://127.0.0.1:8080/nodeInfo/boot>

// 第二种 内部查看 新建终端
docker exec <imageName> -it  sh
// 执行命令进入 boot的js控制台
geth attach /home/chain/boot/geth.ipc
// 获取enr
admin.nodeInfo.enr

修改docker-compose.rpc.yml （enr和链id）
启动rpc服务


docker-compose -f docker-compose.rpc.yml up -d

修改docker-compose.miner.yml （enr、链id、挖矿地址）
启动miner服务


docker-compose -f docker-compose.miner.yml up -d

启动开源浏览器


// 修改ip后
docker-compose -f docker-compose.explorer.yml up -d
// 访问 <http://127.0.0.1:3020/> 不停的出块，就是对了

区块链浏览器启动过程

已迁移 https://github.com/757566833/explorer-server https://github.com/757566833/explorer-client

ipfs启动过程

启动服务


docker-compose -f docker-compose.ipfs.yml up -d

改成私有（可选）


docker exec ipfs-node1 ipfs bootstrap rm all

测试上传文件


// 可以把任意文件传到./chain/node1/upload下，以下代码复制了demo.png
docker exec ipfs-node1 ipfs add /data/upload/demo.png
// 大概会返回一个hash
13.07 KiB / 13.07 KiB  100.00%added QmcRGfsyA8JnazEHjFRrc4CXzwrqsWEVmTFhjRbzTkSbSo demo.png

测试下载文件


docker exec ipfs-node1 ipfs get <哈希> -o /data/down/demo.png
// 例如
docker exec ipfs-node1 ipfs get QmcRGfsyA8JnazEHjFRrc4CXzwrqsWEVmTFhjRbzTkSbSo -o /data/down/demo.png

进行第二步以后无法打开webui，看社区回复是 webui要在可以连接到其他节点的情况下才能使用，笔者尚未明确原因

todo

区块链浏览器还差一个 total difficult 的字段，还差通过input data 解析合同调用的方法名功能
区块链浏览器前端没想到太优雅的启动方式，且固定访问端口9090 还没抽出来可配
水龙头还没做

备注

poa (Clique) 本文配置中默认支持的硬分叉

Homestead: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/homestead.md)
Tangerine Whistle (EIP 150): 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/tangerine-whistle.md)
Spurious Dragon/1 (EIP 155): 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/spurious-dragon.md)
Spurious Dragon/2 (EIP 158): 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/spurious-dragon.md)
Byzantium: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/byzantium.md)
Constantinople: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/constantinople.md)
Petersburg: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/petersburg.md)
Istanbul: 尚未支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/istanbul.md)
Berlin: 尚未支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/berlin.md)
London: 尚未支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/london.md)

poa没有挖矿奖励不适合支持bip1559

pow (Ethash) 本文配置中默认支持的硬分叉

Homestead: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/homestead.md)
Tangerine Whistle (EIP 150): 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/tangerine-whistle.md)
Spurious Dragon/1 (EIP 155): 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/spurious-dragon.md)
Spurious Dragon/2 (EIP 158): 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/spurious-dragon.md)
Byzantium: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/byzantium.md)
Constantinople: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/constantinople.md)
Petersburg: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/petersburg.md)
Istanbul: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/istanbul.md)
Berlin: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/berlin.md)
London: 支持 (https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/london.md)

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快速搭建私有区块链

前言

环境要求

硬件要求

前置提醒

区块链服务介绍

创建区块链流程

区块链浏览器启动过程

ipfs启动过程

todo

备注

About

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Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 21 Commits
admin		admin
faucet		faucet
.env.example		.env.example
.gitignore		.gitignore
README.md		README.md
demo.png		demo.png
do.example.js		do.example.js
docker-compose.account.yml		docker-compose.account.yml
docker-compose.admin.yml		docker-compose.admin.yml
docker-compose.boot.yml		docker-compose.boot.yml
docker-compose.create.boot.yml		docker-compose.create.boot.yml
docker-compose.create.ipfs.key.yml		docker-compose.create.ipfs.key.yml
docker-compose.create.miner.yml		docker-compose.create.miner.yml
docker-compose.create.rpc.yml		docker-compose.create.rpc.yml
docker-compose.explorer.yml		docker-compose.explorer.yml
docker-compose.ipfs.yml		docker-compose.ipfs.yml
docker-compose.miner.yml		docker-compose.miner.yml
docker-compose.rpc.yml		docker-compose.rpc.yml
utils.js		utils.js
utils.ts		utils.ts

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快速搭建私有区块链

前言

环境要求

硬件要求

前置提醒

区块链服务介绍

创建区块链流程

区块链浏览器启动过程

ipfs启动过程

todo

备注

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