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build-open-source |
Open Source Stack |
Open Source Stack |
Overview of the open source Polkadot/Kusama Tech Stack |
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../build-open-source |
:::caution Do your research before using open-source tools
The tools listed here are open-source and are linked directly to their source code. Before using these tools to build your projects, always do your research and be aware of scams.
:::
This page aims to provide an overview of the open-source Polkadot Tech Stack.
This is a living document, and we rely on everyone to contribute and help maintain it. Please feel free to make edits and additions via pull requests. We apologize if we missed your project!
The Polkadot Tech Stack is a subset of the Web 3.0 Tech Stack, which consists of the open-source technologies contributing to and relying on Polkadot. It is meant to be used for decentralized application (Dapp) development within numerous verticals, including DeFi, Gaming, Provenance and many others not pictured below.
|------|--------|------------|
| DeFi | Gaming | Provenance |
|______|________|____________|
Dapps
|--------------------------/-|
| Explorers, Wallets / |
|------------------------/---|
| Tools, Apis, Languages/ |
|----------------------/-----|
| 2nd layer protocols / |
|--------------------/-------|
| Chains / other |
|------------------/--- --|
| *Polkadot* | tech |
|------------------\---------|
| P2P, Crypto, Wasm \ |
|--------------------\-------|
In the below sections, you can find a list of different layers of the Polkadot Stack.
Maintenance Status:
- π’ Actively maintained
- π‘ Stale (no activity on the main branch for one month)
- βͺ Unmaintained (no activity on the main branch for more than three months)
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| Web Wallets | Multix π’, Polkasafe βͺ, polkadot-js/apps π’, Talisman Web Application π’, mydotwallet βͺ, Sub ID βͺ, Primis βͺ, Sakura βͺ, Web3Box βͺ, Coong Wallet βͺ, Subscan Multisig UI - React βͺ, Subscan Multisig UI βͺ, Dorafactory-Multisig βͺ, Capi Multisig App βͺ | User-friendly Wallet based on the Recovery Pallet, Web wallets focused on user-onboarding (e.g. using localStorage) |
| Desktop Wallets | nova-spektr π’, Omni desktop βͺ | Enterprise Wallets |
| Browser Extensions | Talisman-Extension π’, SubWallet-Extension π’, Enkrypt π’, Polkadot-JS π’, PolkaGate π’, Trust Wallet Extension π’, Doter βͺ, Speckle OS βͺ, Kuma Cross-chain Wallet π‘ | Sign-in with your Polkadot, Kusama, etc. account. |
| Mobile Wallets | Nova Wallet iOS π’, Nova Wallet Android π‘, Polkadot Vault βͺ, Fearless Wallet Android π’, Fearless Wallet iOS π‘, Trust Wallet π’, SubWallet-Mobile βͺ, Kampela π‘, AirGap π‘, Interstellar Network βͺ, Lunie βͺ, Polkawallet βͺ, imToken βͺ, Stylo βͺ, Fractapp βͺ, Hashed Wallet βͺ | |
| Burner Wallets/Faucet/Gifts | dotdrop βͺ, KodaDot βͺ, Astar Faucet Bot βͺ, Generic sybil-resistant faucet βͺ, sybil-resistant Chat Bot Faucet β | Faucet (a sybil-resistant way to receive free tokens) |
| Wallet Plugins | Metamask-Snap by Chainsafe βͺ | |
| CLI Wallet | Subwallet βͺ, Proxy-hot-wallet βͺ | |
| Hardware Wallets | Ledger Polkadot βͺ, Ledger Kusama π‘, Ledger Statemint π‘, Ledger Statemine π‘ | Trezor |
| OAuth2-compatible Wallets | DOT Login βͺ |
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| Rust | Substrate π’, Cumulus π’ | |
| C++ | Kagome π’, Mayon βͺ | |
| Go | Gossamer π’ | |
| Java | Fruzhin π’, Java Host Research βͺ | |
| AssemblyScript | ||
| Light Client | smoldot π’, Substrate Connect π’, C++ Polkadot Light Client βͺ | |
| Testing | Polkadot Conformance βͺ, Polkafuzz βͺ |
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| Secure validator setup | Polkadot Validation Node Ansible Setup βͺ, W3F Polkadot Validator Setup βͺ, polkadot-ansible π’ | |
| High availability setup | Archipel βͺ, Polkadot Failover Mechanism βͺ, Datagen βͺ, High Availability Validator Setup βͺ | |
| Load Balanced Endpoints | terragrunt-polkadot βͺ, Geometry Labs' Substrate Meta repo βͺ | |
| Deployment Tools | Polkadot Package Manager βͺ, PolkaHub βͺ, Avado βͺ, Polkadot Deployer βͺ, Unified Collator Deployment βͺ | |
| Validator monitoring | ONE-T π’, SubVT π‘, P.A.N.I.C. βͺ, Polkalert βͺ, B-Harvest βͺ, nmonpolkadot βͺ, Polkadot-K8s-Monitor βͺ, Polkadot-Watcher π‘, 1KV Telegram Bot βͺ | |
| Validator payout management | Substrate validator auto payout βͺ, Polkadot Payouts βͺ, staking-payouts CLI π‘, Payctl βͺ, crunch π’ | |
| Staking Miner | Staking Miner v2 π’ | |
| Nominator Tools | Validator Selection βͺ, Polkanalyzer βͺ, Polkanalyzer-app βͺ |
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| SR25519 | rust βͺ(contains partial bindings for C, JavaScript, and Python), .Net bindings βͺ, C βͺ*(old), C βͺ(new)*, C/C++ βͺ, C# βͺ, Go π‘, java βͺ, PHP βͺ | |
| Signature Aggregation | apk-proofs βͺ | |
| Distributed key generation (DKG) or management | keygen.rs βͺ, Secure Wallet Origin Distribution (SWORD) βͺ | |
| Validator HSMs | Zondax Remote Signer βͺ | |
| MPC | Orochi Network π’ |
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| PoC | Spartan βͺ | |
| PoW | PoW consensus for Substrate π’, RandomX βͺ, Sha3 PoW βͺ | |
| Block production | BABE π’, Aura π’ | |
| Finality | GRANDPA π’, AlephBFT π’ | |
| Other | Nimbus: Upgradeable consensus framework βͺ |
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| SCALE Codec | Rust π’, TypeScript βͺ, Python βͺ, Golang Chainsafe π’, Golang Itering π’, C βͺ, C++ π’, JavaScript π’, AssemblyScript βͺ, Haskell π‘, Java βͺ, Ruby βͺ, Dart βͺ, Swift βͺ, scale-codec-swift βͺ, scale-codec-kotlin βͺ, PHP βͺ, JavaScript by Soramitsu βͺ, Scale Codec Comparator π’, ScaleCodec.sol by Darwinia βͺ, ScaleCodec.sol by Snowfork π’, Dotscale βͺ | |
| Networking Framework | libp2p βͺSwarmNL π’ | |
| DHT Crawler | Go βͺ, Kotlin βͺ | |
| RPC Tor-like access | WhiteNoise βͺ |
| Components | Existing projects | Potentially interesting projects |
|---|---|---|
| Storage | Merkle Tree DB βͺ | |
| Merkle Proofs | Solidity Trie Verifier π’ |
Pull requests, issues, or other contributions from the community are encouraged! You can not only add specific projects, but also potentially interesting fields/areas which are currently missing in the tech stack.
β All technologies listed above need to be open-source. Ideally, the links lead directly to the code.
Note: You will need a GitHub account to suggest changes or open issues. If you do not have one, you may sign up for free.