diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/css/menubarLinks.css b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/css/menubarLinks.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a3589858c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/css/menubarLinks.css
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+ul[role="menubar"] {
+  margin: 10px;
+  padding: 10px;
+  font-size: 110%;
+  list-style: none;
+  background-color: #EEEEEE;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitem"],
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"] {
+  padding: 0.25em;
+  background-color: #EEEEEE;
+  border: 2px solid #EEEEEE;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"] {
+  padding-top: 0.15em;
+  background-image: url('../images/separator.png');
+  background-position: center;
+  background-repeat: repeat-x;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitem"]:focus,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitem"]:hover,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"]:focus,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"]:hover {
+  background-color: black;
+  color: white;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] a[role="menuitem"] {
+  text-decoration: none;
+  color: black;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] li {
+  list-style: none;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] > li {
+  display: inline;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] > li > a:after {
+  content: url('../images/pull-down-menu-icon.png');
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] ul[role="menu"] {
+  display: none;
+  position: absolute;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] ul[role="menu"] li a {
+  display: block;
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/down-arrow.png b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/down-arrow.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..694e80519b
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diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/pull-down-menu-icon.paint b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/pull-down-menu-icon.paint
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f646943e03
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diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/pull-down-menu-icon.png b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/pull-down-menu-icon.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6c5714d1d
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diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/separator.paint b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/separator.paint
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e313a1cc1
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diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/separator.png b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/images/separator.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a837fbce93
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diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenuItemLinks.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenuItemLinks.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..18957e115e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenuItemLinks.js
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   MenuItem.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Popup Menu Menuitem widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson, Ku Ja Eun and Nicholas Hoyt
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor MenuItem
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Wrapper object for a simple menu item in a popup menu
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the menu item container.
+*       The menuObj PopupMenu is responsible for checking that it has
+*       requisite metadata, e.g. role="menuitem".
+*
+*   @param menuObj
+*       The object that is a wrapper for the PopupMenu DOM element that
+*       contains the menu item DOM element. See PopupMenu.js
+*/
+var MenuItem = function (domNode, menuObj) {
+
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+  this.menu = menuObj;
+
+  this.keyCode = Object.freeze({
+    'TAB': 9,
+    'RETURN': 13,
+    'ESC': 27,
+    'SPACE': 32,
+    'PAGEUP': 33,
+    'PAGEDOWN': 34,
+    'END': 35,
+    'HOME': 36,
+    'LEFT': 37,
+    'UP': 38,
+    'RIGHT': 39,
+    'DOWN': 40
+  });
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.init = function () {
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  if (!this.domNode.getAttribute('role')) {
+    this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menuitem');
+  }
+
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keydown', this.handleKeydown.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keypress', this.handleKeypress.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('click', this.handleClick.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('focus', this.handleFocus.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('blur', this.handleBlur.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseover', this.handleMouseover.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseout', this.handleMouseout.bind(this));
+
+};
+
+/* EVENT HANDLERS */
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleKeydown = function (event) {
+  var tgt = event.currentTarget,
+      flag = false,
+ clickEvent;
+
+  //  Console.log("[MenuItem][handleKeydown]: " + event.keyCode + " " + this.menu)
+
+  switch (event.keyCode) {
+    case this.keyCode.SPACE:
+    case this.keyCode.RETURN:
+      // Create simulated mouse event to mimic the behavior of ATs
+      // and let the event handler handleClick do the housekeeping.
+      try {
+        clickEvent = new MouseEvent('click', {
+          'view': window,
+          'bubbles': true,
+          'cancelable': true
+        });
+      }
+      catch (err) {
+        if (document.createEvent) {
+          // DOM Level 3 for IE 9+
+          clickEvent = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');
+          clickEvent.initEvent('click', true, true);
+        }
+      }
+      tgt.dispatchEvent(clickEvent);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.ESC:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController();
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.UP:
+      this.menu.setFocusToPreviousItem(this);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.DOWN:
+      this.menu.setFocusToNextItem(this);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.LEFT:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController('previous');
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.RIGHT:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController('next');
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.HOME:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEUP:
+      this.menu.setFocusToFirstItem();
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.END:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEDOWN:
+      this.menu.setFocusToLastItem();
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.TAB:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController();
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  if (flag) {
+    event.stopPropagation();
+    event.preventDefault();
+  }
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleKeypress = function (event) {
+  var char = String.fromCharCode(event.charCode);
+
+  function isPrintableCharacter (str) {
+    return str.length === 1 && str.match(/\S/);
+  }
+
+  if (isPrintableCharacter(char)) {
+    this.menu.setFocusByFirstCharacter(this, char);
+  }
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleClick = function (event) {
+  this.menu.setFocusToController();
+  this.menu.close(true);
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleFocus = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasFocus = true;
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleBlur = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasFocus = false;
+  setTimeout(this.menu.close.bind(this.menu, false), 300);
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleMouseover = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasHover = true;
+  this.menu.open();
+
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleMouseout = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasHover = false;
+  setTimeout(this.menu.close.bind(this.menu, false), 300);
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenubarItemLinks.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenubarItemLinks.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68ea1c6e64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenubarItemLinks.js
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   MenubarItemLinks.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Menubar Menuitem widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*           for a menu of links
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson, Ku Ja Eun and Nicholas Hoyt
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor MenubarItem
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Object that configures menu item elements by setting tabIndex
+*       and registering itself to handle pertinent events.
+*
+*       While menuitem elements handle many keydown events, as well as
+*       focus and blur events, they do not maintain any state variables,
+*       delegating those responsibilities to its associated menu object.
+*
+*       Consequently, it is only necessary to create one instance of
+*       MenubarItem from within the menu object; its configure method
+*       can then be called on each menuitem element.
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the menu item container.
+*       The menuObj PopupMenu is responsible for checking that it has
+*       requisite metadata, e.g. role="menuitem".
+*
+*   @param menuObj
+*       The PopupMenu object that is a delegate for the menu DOM element
+*       that contains the menuitem element.
+*/
+var MenubarItem = function (domNode, menuObj) {
+
+  this.menubar = menuObj;
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+  this.popupMenu = false;
+
+  this.hasFocus = false;
+  this.hasHover = false;
+
+  this.keyCode = Object.freeze({
+    'TAB': 9,
+    'RETURN': 13,
+    'ESC': 27,
+    'SPACE': 32,
+    'PAGEUP': 33,
+    'PAGEDOWN': 34,
+    'END': 35,
+    'HOME': 36,
+    'LEFT': 37,
+    'UP': 38,
+    'RIGHT': 39,
+    'DOWN': 40
+  });
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.init = function () {
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menuitem');
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('aria-haspopup', 'true');
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
+
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keydown', this.handleKeydown.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keypress', this.handleKeypress.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('click', this.handleClick.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('focus', this.handleFocus.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('blur', this.handleBlur.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseover', this.handleMouseover.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseout', this.handleMouseout.bind(this));
+
+  // Initialize pop up menus
+
+  var nextElement = this.domNode.nextElementSibling;
+
+  if (nextElement && nextElement.tagName === 'UL') {
+    this.popupMenu = new PopupMenu(nextElement, this);
+    this.popupMenu.init();
+  }
+
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleKeydown = function (event) {
+  var tgt = event.currentTarget,
+      flag = false,
+ clickEvent;
+
+  switch (event.keyCode) {
+    case this.keyCode.SPACE:
+    case this.keyCode.RETURN:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        if (this.domNode.getAttribute('aria-expanded') == 'true') {
+          this.popupMenu.close(true);
+        }
+        else {
+          this.popupMenu.open();
+        }
+      }
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.LEFT:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close(true);
+      }
+      this.menubar.setFocusToPreviousItem(this);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.RIGHT:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close(true);
+      }
+      this.menubar.setFocusToNextItem(this);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.UP:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.open();
+        this.popupMenu.setFocusToLastItem();
+        flag = true;
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.DOWN:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.open();
+        this.popupMenu.setFocusToFirstItem();
+        flag = true;
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.HOME:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEUP:
+      this.menubar.setFocusToFirstItem();
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.END:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEDOWN:
+      this.menubar.setFocusToLastItem();
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  if (flag) {
+    event.stopPropagation();
+    event.preventDefault();
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleKeypress = function (event) {
+  var char = String.fromCharCode(event.charCode);
+
+  function isPrintableCharacter (str) {
+    return str.length === 1 && str.match(/\S/);
+  }
+
+  if (isPrintableCharacter(char)) {
+    this.menubar.setFocusByFirstCharacter(this, char);
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleClick = function (event) {
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleFocus = function (event) {
+  this.menubar.hasFocus = true;
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleBlur = function (event) {
+  this.menubar.hasFocus = false;
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleMouseover = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = true;
+  this.popupMenu.open();
+};
+
+MenubarItem.prototype.handleMouseout = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = false;
+  setTimeout(this.popupMenu.close.bind(this.popupMenu, false), 300);
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenubarLinks.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenubarLinks.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a89a8e502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/MenubarLinks.js
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   Menubar.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Menubar widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson, Ku Ja Eun and Nicholas Hoyt
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor Menubar
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Wrapper object for a menubar (with nested submenus of links)
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the menubar container. Each
+*       child element of menubarNode that represents a menubaritem must
+*       be an A element
+*/
+
+var Menubar = function (domNode) {
+  var elementChildren,
+      msgPrefix = 'Menubar constructor argument menubarNode ';
+
+  // Check whether menubarNode is a DOM element
+  if (!domNode instanceof Element) {
+    throw new TypeError(msgPrefix + 'is not a DOM Element.');
+  }
+
+  // Check whether menubarNode has descendant elements
+  if (domNode.childElementCount === 0) {
+    throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has no element children.');
+  }
+
+  // Check whether menubarNode has A elements
+  e = domNode.firstElementChild;
+  while (e) {
+    var menubarItem = e.firstElementChild;
+    if (e && menubarItem && menubarItem.tagName !== 'A') {
+      throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has child elements are note A elements.');
+    }
+    e = e.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+
+  this.menubarItems = []; // See Menubar init method
+  this.firstChars = []; // See Menubar init method
+
+  this.firstItem = null; // See Menubar init method
+  this.lastItem = null; // See Menubar init method
+
+  this.hasFocus = false; // See MenubarItem handleFocus, handleBlur
+  this.hasHover = false; // See Menubar handleMouseover, handleMouseout
+};
+
+/*
+*   @method Menubar.prototype.init
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Adds ARIA role to the menubar node
+*       Traverse menubar children for A elements to configure each A element as a ARIA menuitem
+*       and populate menuitems array. Initialize firstItem and lastItem properties.
+*/
+Menubar.prototype.init = function () {
+  var menubarItem, childElement, menuElement, textContent, numItems;
+
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menubar');
+
+  // Traverse the element children of menubarNode: configure each with
+  // menuitem role behavior and store reference in menuitems array.
+  e = this.domNode.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (e) {
+    var menuElement = e.firstElementChild;
+
+    if (e && menuElement && menuElement.tagName === 'A') {
+      menubarItem = new MenubarItem(menuElement, this);
+      menubarItem.init();
+      this.menubarItems.push(menubarItem);
+      textContent = menuElement.textContent.trim();
+      this.firstChars.push(textContent.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase());
+    }
+
+    e = e.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  // Use populated menuitems array to initialize firstItem and lastItem.
+  numItems = this.menubarItems.length;
+  if (numItems > 0) {
+    this.firstItem = this.menubarItems[ 0 ];
+    this.lastItem = this.menubarItems[ numItems - 1 ];
+  }
+  this.firstItem.domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+};
+
+/* FOCUS MANAGEMENT METHODS */
+
+Menubar.prototype.setFocusToFirstItem = function () {
+  this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.setFocusToLastItem = function () {
+  this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.setFocusToPreviousItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+  currentItem.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.firstItem) {
+    this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+    this.lastItem.domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menubarItems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menubarItems[ index - 1 ].domNode.focus();
+    this.menubarItems[ index - 1 ].domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.setFocusToNextItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+  currentItem.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.lastItem) {
+    this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+    this.firstItem.domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menubarItems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menubarItems[ index + 1 ].domNode.focus();
+    this.menubarItems[ index + 1 ].domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.setFocusByFirstCharacter = function (currentItem, char) {
+  var start, index, char = char.toLowerCase();
+
+  // Get start index for search based on position of currentItem
+  start = this.menubarItems.indexOf(currentItem) + 1;
+  if (start === this.menubarItems.length) {
+    start = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Check remaining slots in the menu
+  index = this.getIndexFirstChars(start, char);
+
+  // If not found in remaining slots, check from beginning
+  if (index === -1) {
+    index = this.getIndexFirstChars(0, char);
+  }
+
+  // If match was found...
+  if (index > -1) {
+    this.menubarItems[ index ].domNode.focus();
+    this.menubarItems[ index ].domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+    currentItem.tabIndex = -1;
+  }
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.getIndexFirstChars = function (startIndex, char) {
+  for (var i = startIndex; i < this.firstChars.length; i++) {
+    if (char === this.firstChars[ i ]) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+};
+
+/* MENU DISPLAY METHODS */
+
+Menubar.prototype.getPosition = function (element) {
+  var x = 0,
+ y = 0;
+
+  while (element) {
+    x += (element.offsetLeft - element.scrollLeft + element.clientLeft);
+    y += (element.offsetTop - element.scrollTop + element.clientTop);
+    element = element.offsetParent;
+  }
+
+  return {x: x, y: y};
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.open = function () {
+};
+
+Menubar.prototype.close = function (force) {
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/PopupMenuLinks.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/PopupMenuLinks.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d9ed4fe58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/PopupMenuLinks.js
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   PopupMenu.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Popup menu widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson and Ku Ja Eun
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor PopupMenu
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Wrapper object for a simple popup menu (without nested submenus)
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the popup menu container. Each
+*       child element of domNode that represents a menuitem must have a
+*       'role' attribute with value 'menuitem'.
+*
+*   @param controllerObj
+*       The object that is a wrapper for the DOM element that controls the
+*       menu, e.g. a button element, with an 'aria-controls' attribute that
+*       references this menu's domNode. See MenuButton.js
+*
+*       The controller object is expected to have the following properties:
+*       1. domNode: The controller object's DOM element node, needed for
+*          retrieving positioning information.
+*       2. hasHover: boolean that indicates whether the controller object's
+*          domNode has responded to a mouseover event with no subsequent
+*          mouseout event having occurred.
+*/
+var PopupMenu = function (domNode, controllerObj) {
+  var elementChildren,
+      msgPrefix = 'PopupMenu constructor argument domNode ';
+
+  // Check whether domNode is a DOM element
+  if (!domNode instanceof Element) {
+    throw new TypeError(msgPrefix + 'is not a DOM Element.');
+  }
+  // Check whether domNode has child elements
+  if (domNode.childElementCount === 0) {
+    throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has no element children.');
+  }
+  // Check whether domNode descendant elements have A elements
+  var childElement = domNode.firstElementChild;
+  while (childElement) {
+    var menuitem = childElement.firstElementChild;
+    if (menuitem && menuitem === 'A') {
+      throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has descendant elements that are not A elements.');
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+  this.controller = controllerObj;
+
+  this.menuitems = []; // See PopupMenu init method
+  this.firstChars = []; // See PopupMenu init method
+
+  this.firstItem = null; // See PopupMenu init method
+  this.lastItem = null; // See PopupMenu init method
+
+  this.hasFocus = false; // See MenuItem handleFocus, handleBlur
+  this.hasHover = false; // See PopupMenu handleMouseover, handleMouseout
+};
+
+/*
+*   @method PopupMenu.prototype.init
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Add domNode event listeners for mouseover and mouseout. Traverse
+*       domNode children to configure each menuitem and populate menuitems
+*       array. Initialize firstItem and lastItem properties.
+*/
+PopupMenu.prototype.init = function () {
+  var childElement, menuElement, menuItem, textContent, numItems, label;
+
+  // Configure the domNode itself
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menu');
+
+  if (!this.domNode.getAttribute('aria-labelledby') && !this.domNode.getAttribute('aria-label') && !this.domNode.getAttribute('title')) {
+    label = this.controller.domNode.innerHTML;
+    this.domNode.setAttribute('aria-label', label);
+  }
+
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseover', this.handleMouseover.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseout', this.handleMouseout.bind(this));
+
+  // Traverse the element children of domNode: configure each with
+  // menuitem role behavior and store reference in menuitems array.
+  childElement = this.domNode.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (childElement) {
+    menuElement = childElement.firstElementChild;
+
+    if (menuElement && menuElement.tagName === 'A') {
+      menuItem = new MenuItem(menuElement, this);
+      menuItem.init();
+      this.menuitems.push(menuItem);
+      textContent = menuElement.textContent.trim();
+      this.firstChars.push(textContent.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase());
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  // Use populated menuitems array to initialize firstItem and lastItem.
+  numItems = this.menuitems.length;
+  if (numItems > 0) {
+    this.firstItem = this.menuitems[ 0 ];
+    this.lastItem = this.menuitems[ numItems - 1 ];
+  }
+};
+
+/* EVENT HANDLERS */
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.handleMouseover = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = true;
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.handleMouseout = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = false;
+  setTimeout(this.close.bind(this, false), 300);
+};
+
+/* FOCUS MANAGEMENT METHODS */
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.setFocusToController = function (command) {
+  if (typeof command !== 'string') {
+    command = '';
+  }
+  if (command === 'previous') {
+    this.controller.menubar.setFocusToPreviousItem(this.controller);
+  }
+  else if (command === 'next') {
+    this.controller.menubar.setFocusToNextItem(this.controller);
+  }
+  else {
+    this.controller.domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.setFocusToFirstItem = function () {
+  this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.setFocusToLastItem = function () {
+  this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.setFocusToPreviousItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.firstItem) {
+    this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menuitems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menuitems[ index - 1 ].domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.setFocusToNextItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.lastItem) {
+    this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menuitems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menuitems[ index + 1 ].domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.setFocusByFirstCharacter = function (currentItem, char) {
+  var start, index, char = char.toLowerCase();
+
+  // Get start index for search based on position of currentItem
+  start = this.menuitems.indexOf(currentItem) + 1;
+  if (start === this.menuitems.length) {
+    start = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Check remaining slots in the menu
+  index = this.getIndexFirstChars(start, char);
+
+  // If not found in remaining slots, check from beginning
+  if (index === -1) {
+    index = this.getIndexFirstChars(0, char);
+  }
+
+  // If match was found...
+  if (index > -1) {
+    this.menuitems[ index ].domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.getIndexFirstChars = function (startIndex, char) {
+  for (var i = startIndex; i < this.firstChars.length; i++) {
+    if (char === this.firstChars[ i ]) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+};
+
+/* MENU DISPLAY METHODS */
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.getPosition = function (element) {
+  var x = 0,
+ y = 0;
+
+  while (element) {
+    x += (element.offsetLeft - element.scrollLeft + element.clientLeft);
+    y += (element.offsetTop - element.scrollTop + element.clientTop);
+    element = element.offsetParent;
+  }
+
+  return {x: x, y: y};
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.open = function () {
+  // Get position and bounding rectangle of controller object's DOM node
+  var pos = this.getPosition(this.controller.domNode);
+  var rect = this.controller.domNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+
+  // Set CSS properties
+  this.domNode.style.display = 'block';
+  this.domNode.style.position = 'absolute';
+  this.domNode.style.top = (pos.y + rect.height) + 'px';
+  this.domNode.style.left = pos.x + 'px';
+
+  // Set aria-expanded attribute
+  this.controller.domNode.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'true');
+};
+
+PopupMenu.prototype.close = function (force) {
+
+  if (force || (!this.hasFocus && !this.hasHover && !this.controller.hasHover)) {
+    this.domNode.style.display = 'none';
+    this.controller.domNode.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
+  }
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/npm-debug.log b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/npm-debug.log
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df59cda30b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js/npm-debug.log
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+0 info it worked if it ends with ok
+1 verbose cli [ '/usr/local/bin/node',
+1 verbose cli   '/usr/local/bin/npm',
+1 verbose cli   'run',
+1 verbose cli   'jscs',
+1 verbose cli   '-fix' ]
+2 info using npm@3.10.3
+3 info using node@v6.7.0
+4 verbose stack Error: missing script: jscs
+4 verbose stack     at run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/lib/run-script.js:151:19)
+4 verbose stack     at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/lib/run-script.js:61:5
+4 verbose stack     at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/read-package-json/read-json.js:356:5
+4 verbose stack     at checkBinReferences_ (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/read-package-json/read-json.js:320:45)
+4 verbose stack     at final (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/read-package-json/read-json.js:354:3)
+4 verbose stack     at then (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/read-package-json/read-json.js:124:5)
+4 verbose stack     at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/read-package-json/read-json.js:311:12
+4 verbose stack     at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/graceful-fs/graceful-fs.js:78:16
+4 verbose stack     at tryToString (fs.js:455:3)
+4 verbose stack     at FSReqWrap.readFileAfterClose [as oncomplete] (fs.js:442:12)
+5 verbose cwd /Users/jku/jemma-aria-practice/examples/menubar/menubar-1/js
+6 error Darwin 15.6.0
+7 error argv "/usr/local/bin/node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "run" "jscs" "-fix"
+8 error node v6.7.0
+9 error npm  v3.10.3
+10 error missing script: jscs
+11 error If you need help, you may report this error at:
+11 error     <https://github.com/npm/npm/issues>
+12 verbose exit [ 1, true ]
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-about.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-about.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2cc085fbc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-about.html
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Menubar Example Landing Page: About</title>
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <header>
+    <h1>Menubar Example Landing Page</h1>
+    </header>
+    <main>
+        <h1 id="about">About</h1>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="mb-about.html#overview">Overview</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="admin">Administration</a></li>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="facts">Facts</a></li>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="tours">Campus Tours</a></li>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+    </main>
+</body>
+
+</html> 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-academics.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-academics.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a5711a6a75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-academics.html
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Menubar Example Landing Page: Academics</title>
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <header>
+        <h1>Menubar Example Landing Page</h1>
+    </header>
+
+    <main>
+        <h1 id="academics">Academics</h1>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="colleges">Colleges &amp; Schools</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="programs">Programs of Study</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="honors">Honors Programs</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="online">Online Courses</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="explorer">Course Explorer</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="register">Register for Class</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="academic">Academic Calendar</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+
+        <h2 id="tanscripts">Transscripts</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+    </main>
+</body>
+
+</html> 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-admissions.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-admissions.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b2805416c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-admissions.html
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Menubar Example Landing Page: Admissions</title>
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <header>
+    <h1>Menubar Example Landing Page</h1>
+    </header>
+    <main>
+        <h1 id="admissions">Admissions</h1>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="apply">Apply</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="tuition">Tuition</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="signup">Sign Up</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="visit">Visit</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="photo">Photo Tour</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="connect">Connect</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+ 
+
+    </main>
+</body>
+
+</html> 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-arts.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-arts.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..88325c8dde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-arts.html
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Menubar Example Landing Page: Arts and Culture</title>
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <header>
+        <h1>Menubar Example Landing Page</h1>
+    </header>
+
+    <main>
+        <h1 id="arts">Arts and Culture</h1>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="fas">College of Fine and Applied Arts</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="las">College of Liberal Arts and Sciences</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="cultural-center">Cultural Center</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="perfoming-arts">Performing Arts</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="art-museum">Art Museum</a></li>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="history-museum">History Museum</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="union">Student Union</a></li>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+    </main>
+</body>
+
+</html> 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-outreach.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-outreach.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..445b86efc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-outreach.html
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Menubar Example Landing Page: Outreach</title>
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <header>
+        <h1>Menubar Example Landing Page</h1>
+    </header>
+
+    <main>
+        <h1 id="outreach">Outreach</h1>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="comm-engage">Community Engagement</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="copr-rel">Corporate Relations</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="extension">Extension</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+        <h2 id="outreach-events">Outreach Events</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a></p>
+
+    </main>
+</body>
+
+</html> 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-research.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-research.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef7a45c6f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/mb-research.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Menubar Example Landing Page: Research</title>
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <header>
+        <h1>Menubar Example Landing Page</h1>
+    </header>
+
+    <main>
+        <h1 id="research">Research</h1>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="res-news">Research News</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="res-centers">Reseach Centers</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="es-find">Find an Expert</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="res-park">Research Park</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+        <h2 id="res-comm">Technology Commercialization</h2>
+        <p><a href="menubar-1.html#code-ex-1">Back to <code>menubar</code> example</a>
+
+    </main>
+</body>
+
+</html> 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-1/menubar-1.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/menubar-1.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1a03f78de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-1/menubar-1.html
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+
+    <title>ARIA Menubar Example: Links</title>
+
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+    <link href="../../css/table.css" rel="stylesheet">
+    <link href="css/menubarLinks.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+    <script src="js/MenubarLinks.js"     type="text/javascript"></script> 
+    <script src="js/MenubarItemLinks.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 
+
+    <script src="js/PopupMenuLinks.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 
+    <script src="js/MenuItemLinks.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 
+
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <main>
+      <h1>ARIA Menubar Example: Links</h1>
+
+      <ul>
+        <li>List of pull down menu items that are links to other pages</li> 
+      </ul>
+ 
+      <p><a href="../../aria-practices.html#menu">Authoring Practice Design Patten for Menubar</a></p>
+
+      <section id="code-ex-1">
+
+        <h2>Example 1a: Explicit ARIA markup</h2>
+        <ul>
+          <li>This example includes the ARIA roles and properties in the source code for authors to easily see which elements the roles and properties need to be included.</li>
+          <li>This is useful for people writing their own scripts to see which elements need roles and properties.</li>
+        </ul>  
+
+        <ul id="menubar1" role="menubar" aria-label="Mythical University Menu 1">
+
+          <li>
+            <a role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" href="#">About</a>
+
+            <ul role="menu">
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-about.html#overview">Overview</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-about.html#admin">Administration</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-about.html#facts">Facts</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-about.html#tours">Campus Tours</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <a role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" href="#">Admissions</a>
+
+            <ul role="menu">
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-admissions.html#apply">Apply</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-admissions.html#tuition">Tuition</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-admissions.html#signup">Sign Up</a></li>
+              <li role="separator"></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-admissions.html#visit">Visit</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-admissions.html#photo">Photo Tour</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-admissions.html#connect">Connect</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <a role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" href="#">Academics</a>
+
+            <ul role="menu">
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#colleges">Colleges &amp; Schools</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#programs">Programs of Study</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#honors">Honors Programs</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#online">Online Courses</a></li>
+              <li role="separator"></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#explorer">Course Explorer</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#register">Register for Class</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#academic">Academic Calendar</a></li>
+              <li><a role="menuitem" href="mb-academics.html#tanscripts">Transscripts</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+        </ul>
+
+        <h2>Example 1b: ARIA markup added dynamically</h2>
+
+        <ul>
+            <li>This example the ARIA roles and properties are added by the scripts based on the structure of the HTML elements.</li>  
+            <li>This can be used by authors to more easily add this script to their own projects and websites.</li>
+        </ul>
+
+        <ul id="menubar2" aria-label="Mythical University Menu 2" >
+
+          <li>
+            <a href="#">Research</a>
+
+            <ul>
+              <li><a href="mb-research.html#res-news">Research News</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-research.html#res-centers">Reseach Centers</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-research.html#res-find">Find an Expert</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-research.html#res-park">Research Park</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-research.html#res-comm">Technology Commercialization</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <a href="#">Outreach</a>
+
+            <ul>
+              <li><a href="mb-outreach.html#comm-engage">Community Engagement</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-outreach.html#copr-rel">Corporate Relations</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-outreach.html#extension">Extension</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-outreach.html#outreach-events">Outreach Events</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <a href="#">Arts and Culture</a>
+
+            <ul>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#fas">College of Fine and Applied Arts</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#las">College of Liberal Arts and Sciences</a></li>
+              <li role="separator"></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#cultural-center">Cultural Center</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#perfoming-arts">Performing Arts</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#art-museum">Art Museum</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#history-museum">History Museum</a></li>
+              <li><a href="mb-arts.html#union">Student Union</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+        </ul>
+
+
+  
+      </section>    
+
+      <h2 id="id_kbd">Keyboard Support</h2>
+
+      <h3 id="id_kbd1">Menubar Menu Items</h3>
+      <table aria-labelledby="id_kbd id_kbd1"> 
+        <thead>
+          <tr>
+            <th>Key</th>
+            <th>Function</th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Space or Enter Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Open or Close popup menu (e.g. toggle).</li>  
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Left Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to previous menubar menu item.</li>
+                <li>If focus on first menubar menu item, focus is moved to last menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Right Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to next menubar menu item.</li>
+                <li>If focus on last menubar menu item, focus is moved to first menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Down Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Open popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to first popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Up Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Open popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to last popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Home</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to first menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>End</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to last menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Character Key</td>
+            <td><ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to next menubar item that starts with that letter.</li>
+                <li>If no menubar menu item starts with the letter, focus does not move.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+
+      <h3 id="id_kbd2">Popup Menu Items</h3>
+      <table aria-labelledby="id_kbd id_kbd2"> 
+        <thead>
+          <tr>
+            <th>Key</th>
+            <th>Function</th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Space or Enter Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Follow link.</li>
+                <li>NOTE: In this example all the links are all internal and therefore not leave the page.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Escape Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Closes popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to current menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Left Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Closes popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to previous menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Right Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Closes popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to next menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Up Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to previous popup menu item.</li>
+                <li>If first popup menu item, focus is moved to the last popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Down Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to next popup menu item.</li>
+                <li>If last popup menu item, focus is moved to the first popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Home</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to first popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>End</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to last popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Character Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to the next popup item that starts with that letter.</li>
+                <li>If no popup menu item starts with the letter, focus does not move.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+
+  </main>
+
+  <script type="text/javascript">
+
+    window.onload=function() {
+      var menubar = new Menubar(document.getElementById('menubar1'));
+      menubar.init();
+
+      menubar = new Menubar(document.getElementById('menubar2'));
+      console.log(menubar);
+      menubar.init();
+    }    
+
+  </script>
+
+  </body>
+  </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/css/menubarAction.css b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/css/menubarAction.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2639bb684
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/css/menubarAction.css
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+ul[role="menubar"] {
+  margin: 10px;
+  padding: 10px;
+  font-size: 110%;
+  list-style: none;
+  background-color: #EEEEEE;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] ul[role="group"] {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}  
+
+ul[role="menubar"] li[aria-disabled="true"] {
+  color: #666666;
+  text-decoration: line-through;
+}  
+
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitem"],
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitemcheckbox"],
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitemradio"], 
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"] {
+  padding: 0.25em;
+  background-color: #EEEEEE;
+  border: 2px solid #EEEEEE;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] ul li[role="menuitem"],
+ul[role="menubar"] ul li[role="menuitemcheckbox"],
+ul[role="menubar"] ul li[role="menuitemradio"], 
+ul[role="menubar"] ul li[role="separator"] {
+  padding-left: 1.5em;
+}  
+
+
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"] {
+  padding-top: 0.15em;
+  background-image: url('../images/separator.png');
+  background-position: center;
+  background-repeat: repeat-x;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitem"]:focus,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitem"]:hover,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitemcheckbox"]:focus,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitemcheckbox"]:hover,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitemradio"]:focus,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="menuitemradio"]:hover,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"]:focus,
+ul[role="menubar"] [role="separator"]:hover {
+  background-color: black;
+  color: white;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] li[aria-checked='true']:before {
+  background-image: url('../images/checkmark.png');
+  background-repeat: no-repeat;
+  background-position: 0.1em 0.2em;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] li[aria-checked='true']:hover,
+ul[role="menubar"] li[aria-checked='true']:focus {
+  background-image: url('../images/checkmark-inverse.png');
+  background-repeat: no-repeat;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] li {
+  list-style: none;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] > li {
+  display: inline;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] > li > span:after {
+/*  content: url('../images/pull-down-menu-icon.png'); */
+  content: " \25bc";
+  font-size: 80%;
+  color: gray;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] ul[role="menu"] {
+  display: none;
+  position: absolute;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul[role="menubar"] ul[role="menu"] li span {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+* checked, hover and focus styling
+*/
+
+
+li.checked {
+  font-weight: bold;
+  background-image: url('http://www.oaa-accessibility.org/media/examples/images/dot.png');
+  background-repeat: no-repeat;
+  background-position: 5px 10px;
+}
+
+.menu-hover {
+  background-color: #700 !important;
+  color: white !important;
+}
+
+.menu-hover-checked {
+  background-color: #700 !important;
+  color: white !important;
+  background-image: url('http://www.oaa-accessibility.org/media/examples/images/dot-selected.png') !important;
+}
+
+.menu-focus {
+  background-color: black;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  color: white !important;
+}
+
+li.menu-focus-checked {
+  background-color: black;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  color: white !important;
+  background-image: url('http://www.oaa-accessibility.org/media/examples/images/dot-selected.png') !important;
+}
+.hidden {
+   position: absolute;
+   left: -200em;
+   top: -20em;
+}
+
+
+/*
+* Text area styles
+*/
+.italic {
+  font-style: italic;
+}
+.bold {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+.underline {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+#textarea1 {
+  padding: .5em;
+  border: 1px solid black;
+  height: 400px;
+  width: 70%;
+  font-size: medium;
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+}
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diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenuItemAction.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenuItemAction.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..efce7adbf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenuItemAction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   MenuItem.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Popup Menu Menuitem widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson, Ku Ja Eun and Nicholas Hoyt
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor MenuItem
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Wrapper object for a simple menu item in a popup menu
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the menu item container.
+*       The menuObj PopupMenu is responsible for checking that it has
+*       requisite metadata, e.g. role="menuitem".
+*
+*   @param menuObj
+*       The object that is a wrapper for the PopupMenu DOM element that
+*       contains the menu item DOM element. See PopupMenu.js
+*/
+var MenuItem = function (domNode, menuObj) {
+
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+  this.menu = menuObj;
+
+  this.keyCode = Object.freeze({
+    'TAB': 9,
+    'RETURN': 13,
+    'ESC': 27,
+    'SPACE': 32,
+    'PAGEUP': 33,
+    'PAGEDOWN': 34,
+    'END': 35,
+    'HOME': 36,
+    'LEFT': 37,
+    'UP': 38,
+    'RIGHT': 39,
+    'DOWN': 40
+  });
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.init = function () {
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  if (!this.domNode.getAttribute('role')) {
+    this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menuitem');
+  }
+
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keydown', this.handleKeydown.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keypress', this.handleKeypress.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('click', this.handleClick.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('focus', this.handleFocus.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('blur', this.handleBlur.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseover', this.handleMouseover.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseout', this.handleMouseout.bind(this));
+
+};
+
+/* EVENT HANDLERS */
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleKeydown = function (event) {
+  var tgt = event.currentTarget,
+      flag = false,
+ clickEvent;
+
+  //  console.log("[MenuItem][handleKeydown]: " + event.keyCode + " " + this.menu)
+
+  switch (event.keyCode) {
+    case this.keyCode.SPACE:
+    case this.keyCode.RETURN:
+      // Create simulated mouse event to mimic the behavior of ATs
+      // and let the event handler handleClick do the housekeeping.
+      try {
+        clickEvent = new MouseEvent('click', {
+          'view': window,
+          'bubbles': true,
+          'cancelable': true
+        });
+      }
+      catch (err) {
+        if (document.createEvent) {
+          // DOM Level 3 for IE 9+
+          clickEvent = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');
+          clickEvent.initEvent('click', true, true);
+        }
+      }
+      tgt.dispatchEvent(clickEvent);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.ESC:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController();
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.UP:
+      this.menu.setFocusToPreviousItem(this);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.DOWN:
+      this.menu.setFocusToNextItem(this);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.LEFT:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController('previous');
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.RIGHT:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController('next');
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.HOME:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEUP:
+      this.menu.setFocusToFirstItem();
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.END:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEDOWN:
+      this.menu.setFocusToLastItem();
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.TAB:
+      this.menu.setFocusToController();
+      this.menu.close(true);
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  if (flag) {
+    event.stopPropagation();
+    event.preventDefault();
+  }
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleKeypress = function (event) {
+  var char = String.fromCharCode(event.charCode);
+
+  function isPrintableCharacter (str) {
+    return str.length === 1 && str.match(/\S/);
+  }
+
+  if (isPrintableCharacter(char)) {
+    this.menu.setFocusByFirstCharacter(this, char);
+  }
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleClick = function (event) {
+  this.menu.setFocusToController();
+  this.menu.close(true);
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleFocus = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasFocus = true;
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleBlur = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasFocus = false;
+  setTimeout(this.menu.close.bind(this.menu, false), 300);
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleMouseover = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasHover = true;
+  this.menu.open();
+
+};
+
+MenuItem.prototype.handleMouseout = function (event) {
+  this.menu.hasHover = false;
+  setTimeout(this.menu.close.bind(this.menu, false), 300);
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenubarAction.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenubarAction.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f5d25bbeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenubarAction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   MenubarAction.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Menubar widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson, Ku Ja Eun and Nicholas Hoyt
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor MenubarAction
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Wrapper object for a menubar (with nested submenus of links)
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the menubar container. Each
+*       child element of menubarNode that represents a menubaritem must
+*       be an A element
+*/
+var MenubarAction = function (domNode) {
+  var elementChildren,
+      msgPrefix = 'Menubar constructor argument menubarNode ';
+
+  // Check whether menubarNode is a DOM element
+  if (!domNode instanceof Element) {
+    throw new TypeError(msgPrefix + 'is not a DOM Element.');
+  }
+
+  // Check whether menubarNode has descendant elements
+  if (domNode.childElementCount === 0) {
+    throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has no element children.');
+  }
+  // Check whether menubarNode has SPAN elements
+  e = domNode.firstElementChild;
+  while (e) {
+    var menubarItem = e.firstElementChild;
+    if (e && menubarItem && menubarItem.tagName !== 'SPAN') {
+      throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has child elements are not SPAN elements.');
+    }
+    e = e.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+
+  this.menubarItems = []; // see Menubar init method
+  this.firstChars = []; // see Menubar init method
+
+  this.firstItem = null; // see Menubar init method
+  this.lastItem = null; // see Menubar init method
+
+  this.hasFocus = false; // see MenubarItem handleFocus, handleBlur
+  this.hasHover = false; // see Menubar handleMouseover, handleMouseout
+};
+
+/*
+*   @method MenubarAction.prototype.init
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Adds ARIA role to the menubar node
+*       Traverse menubar children for A elements to configure each A element as a ARIA menuitem
+*       and populate menuitems array. Initialize firstItem and lastItem properties.
+*/
+MenubarAction.prototype.init = function () {
+  var menubarItem, childElement, menuElement, textContent, numItems;
+
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menubar');
+
+  // Traverse the element children of menubarNode: configure each with
+  // menuitem role behavior and store reference in menuitems array.
+  e = this.domNode.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (e) {
+    var menuElement = e.firstElementChild;
+
+    if (e && menuElement && menuElement.tagName === 'SPAN') {
+      menubarItem = new MenubarItemAction(menuElement, this);
+      menubarItem.init();
+      this.menubarItems.push(menubarItem);
+      textContent = menuElement.textContent.trim();
+      this.firstChars.push(textContent.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase());
+    }
+
+    e = e.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  // Use populated menuitems array to initialize firstItem and lastItem.
+  numItems = this.menubarItems.length;
+  if (numItems > 0) {
+    this.firstItem = this.menubarItems[0];
+    this.lastItem = this.menubarItems[numItems - 1];
+  }
+  this.firstItem.domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+};
+
+/* FOCUS MANAGEMENT METHODS */
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.setFocusToFirstItem = function () {
+  this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.setFocusToLastItem = function () {
+  this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.setFocusToPreviousItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+  currentItem.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.firstItem) {
+    this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+    this.lastItem.domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menubarItems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menubarItems[index - 1].domNode.focus();
+    this.menubarItems[index - 1].domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.setFocusToNextItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+  currentItem.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.lastItem) {
+    this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+    this.firstItem.domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menubarItems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menubarItems[index + 1].domNode.focus();
+    this.menubarItems[index + 1].domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.setFocusByFirstCharacter = function (currentItem, char) {
+  var start, index, char = char.toLowerCase();
+
+  // Get start index for search based on position of currentItem
+  start = this.menubarItems.indexOf(currentItem) + 1;
+  if (start === this.menubarItems.length) {
+    start = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Check remaining slots in the menu
+  index = this.getIndexFirstChars(start, char);
+
+  // If not found in remaining slots, check from beginning
+  if (index === -1) {
+    index = this.getIndexFirstChars(0, char);
+  }
+
+  // If match was found...
+  if (index > -1) {
+    this.menubarItems[index].domNode.focus();
+    this.menubarItems[index].domNode.tabIndex = 0;
+    currentItem.tabIndex = -1;
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.getIndexFirstChars = function (startIndex, char) {
+  for (var i = startIndex; i < this.firstChars.length; i++) {
+    if (char === this.firstChars[i]) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+};
+
+/* MENU DISPLAY METHODS */
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.getPosition = function (element) {
+  var x = 0,
+ y = 0;
+
+  while (element) {
+    x += (element.offsetLeft - element.scrollLeft + element.clientLeft);
+    y += (element.offsetTop - element.scrollTop + element.clientTop);
+    element = element.offsetParent;
+  }
+
+  return {x: x, y: y};
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.open = function () {
+};
+
+MenubarAction.prototype.close = function (force) {
+};
+
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenubarItemAction.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenubarItemAction.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69f32478cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/MenubarItemAction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   MenubarItemAction.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Menubar Menuitem widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson, Ku Ja Eun and Nicholas Hoyt
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor MenubarItem
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Object that configures menu item elements by setting tabIndex
+*       and registering itself to handle pertinent events.
+*
+*       While menuitem elements handle many keydown events, as well as
+*       focus and blur events, they do not maintain any state variables,
+*       delegating those responsibilities to its associated menu object.
+*
+*       Consequently, it is only necessary to create one instance of
+*       MenubarItem from within the menu object; its configure method
+*       can then be called on each menuitem element.
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the menu item container.
+*       The menuObj PopupMenu is responsible for checking that it has
+*       requisite metadata, e.g. role="menuitem".
+*
+*   @param menuObj
+*       The PopupMenu object that is a delegate for the menu DOM element
+*       that contains the menuitem element.
+*/
+var MenubarItemAction = function (domNode, menuObj) {
+
+  this.menubar = menuObj;
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+  this.popupMenu = false;
+
+  this.hasFocus = false;
+  this.hasHover = false;
+
+  this.keyCode = Object.freeze({
+    'TAB': 9,
+    'RETURN': 13,
+    'ESC': 27,
+    'SPACE': 32,
+    'PAGEUP': 33,
+    'PAGEDOWN': 34,
+    'END': 35,
+    'HOME': 36,
+    'LEFT': 37,
+    'UP': 38,
+    'RIGHT': 39,
+    'DOWN': 40
+  });
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.init = function () {
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menuitem');
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('aria-haspopup', 'true');
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keydown', this.handleKeydown.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('keypress', this.handleKeypress.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('click', this.handleClick.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('focus', this.handleFocus.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('blur', this.handleBlur.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseover', this.handleMouseover.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseout', this.handleMouseout.bind(this));
+
+  // initialize pop up menus
+
+  var nextElement = this.domNode.nextElementSibling;
+
+  if (nextElement && nextElement.tagName === 'UL') {
+    this.popupMenu = new PopupMenuAction(nextElement, this);
+    this.popupMenu.init();
+  }
+
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleKeydown = function (event) {
+  var tgt = event.currentTarget,
+      flag = false,
+ clickEvent;
+
+  switch (event.keyCode) {
+    case this.keyCode.SPACE:
+    case this.keyCode.RETURN:
+      if (tgt.getAttribute('aria-expanded') === 'true' && this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close();
+      }
+      else {
+        this.popupMenu.open();
+      }
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.LEFT:
+      this.menubar.setFocusToPreviousItem(this);
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close();
+      }
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.RIGHT:
+      this.menubar.setFocusToNextItem(this);
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close();
+      }
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.UP:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.open();
+        this.popupMenu.setFocusToLastItem();
+        flag = true;
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.DOWN:
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.open();
+        this.popupMenu.setFocusToFirstItem();
+        flag = true;
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.HOME:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEUP:
+      this.menubar.setFocusToFirstItem();
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close();
+      }
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    case this.keyCode.END:
+    case this.keyCode.PAGEDOWN:
+      this.menubar.setFocusToLastItem();
+      if (this.popupMenu) {
+        this.popupMenu.close();
+      }
+      flag = true;
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  if (flag) {
+    event.stopPropagation();
+    event.preventDefault();
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleKeypress = function (event) {
+  var char = String.fromCharCode(event.charCode);
+
+  function isPrintableCharacter (str) {
+    return str.length === 1 && str.match(/\S/);
+  }
+
+  if (isPrintableCharacter(char)) {
+    this.menubar.setFocusByFirstCharacter(this, char);
+  }
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleClick = function (event) {
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleFocus = function (event) {
+  this.menubar.hasFocus = true;
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleBlur = function (event) {
+  this.menubar.hasFocus = false;
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleMouseover = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = true;
+  this.popupMenu.open();
+};
+
+MenubarItemAction.prototype.handleMouseout = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = false;
+  setTimeout(this.popupMenu.close.bind(this.popupMenu, false), 300);
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/PopupMenuAction.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/PopupMenuAction.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17bc40f0bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/PopupMenuAction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   PopupMenuAction.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Popup menu widget that implements ARIA Authoring Practices
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson and Ku Ja Eun
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @constructor PopupMenuAction
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Wrapper object for a simple popup menu (without nested submenus)
+*
+*   @param domNode
+*       The DOM element node that serves as the popup menu container. Each
+*       child element of domNode that represents a menuitem must have a
+*       'role' attribute with value 'menuitem'.
+*
+*   @param controllerObj
+*       The object that is a wrapper for the DOM element that controls the
+*       menu, e.g. a button element, with an 'aria-controls' attribute that
+*       references this menu's domNode. See MenuButton.js
+*
+*       The controller object is expected to have the following properties:
+*       1. domNode: The controller object's DOM element node, needed for
+*          retrieving positioning information.
+*       2. hasHover: boolean that indicates whether the controller object's
+*          domNode has responded to a mouseover event with no subsequent
+*          mouseout event having occurred.
+*/
+var PopupMenuAction = function (domNode, controllerObj) {
+  var elementChildren,
+      msgPrefix = 'PopupMenu constructor argument domNode ';
+
+  // Check whether domNode is a DOM element
+  if (!domNode instanceof Element) {
+    throw new TypeError(msgPrefix + 'is not a DOM Element.');
+  }
+
+  // Check whether domNode has child elements
+  if (domNode.childElementCount === 0) {
+    throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has no element children.');
+  }
+
+  // Check whether domNode descendant elements have A elements
+  var childElement = domNode.firstElementChild;
+  while (childElement) {
+    var menuitem = childElement.firstElementChild;
+    if (menuitem && menuitem === 'A') {
+      throw new Error(msgPrefix + 'has descendant elements that are not A elements.');
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+
+  this.domNode = domNode;
+  this.controller = controllerObj;
+
+  this.menuitems = []; // see PopupMenu init method
+  this.firstChars = []; // see PopupMenu init method
+
+  this.firstItem = null; // see PopupMenu init method
+  this.lastItem = null; // see PopupMenu init method
+
+  this.hasFocus = false; // see MenuItem handleFocus, handleBlur
+  this.hasHover = false; // see PopupMenu handleMouseover, handleMouseout
+};
+
+/*
+*   @method PopupMenuAction.prototype.init
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Add domNode event listeners for mouseover and mouseout. Traverse
+*       domNode children to configure each menuitem and populate menuitems
+*       array. Initialize firstItem and lastItem properties.
+*/
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.init = function () {
+  var childElement, menuElement, firstChildElement, menuItem, textContent, numItems, label;
+
+  // Configure the domNode itself
+  this.domNode.tabIndex = -1;
+
+  this.domNode.setAttribute('role', 'menu');
+
+  if (!this.domNode.getAttribute('aria-labelledby') && !this.domNode.getAttribute('aria-label') && !this.domNode.getAttribute('title')) {
+    label = this.controller.domNode.innerHTML;
+    this.domNode.setAttribute('aria-label', label);
+  }
+
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseover', this.handleMouseover.bind(this));
+  this.domNode.addEventListener('mouseout', this.handleMouseout.bind(this));
+
+  // Traverse the element children of domNode: configure each with
+  // menuitem role behavior and store reference in menuitems array.
+  menuElements = this.domNode.getElementsByTagName('LI');
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < menuElements.length; i++) {
+
+    menuElement = menuElements[i];
+
+    if (!menuElement.firstElementChild && menuElement.getAttribute('role') != 'separator') {
+      menuItem = new MenuItem(menuElement, this);
+      menuItem.init();
+      this.menuitems.push(menuItem);
+      textContent = menuElement.textContent.trim();
+      this.firstChars.push(textContent.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase());
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  // Use populated menuitems array to initialize firstItem and lastItem.
+  numItems = this.menuitems.length;
+  if (numItems > 0) {
+    this.firstItem = this.menuitems[0];
+    this.lastItem = this.menuitems[numItems - 1];
+  }
+};
+
+/* EVENT HANDLERS */
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.handleMouseover = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = true;
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.handleMouseout = function (event) {
+  this.hasHover = false;
+  setTimeout(this.close.bind(this, false), 300);
+};
+
+/* FOCUS MANAGEMENT METHODS */
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.setFocusToController = function (command) {
+  if (typeof command !== 'string') {
+    command = '';
+  }
+  if (command === 'previous') {
+    this.controller.menubar.setFocusToPreviousItem(this.controller);
+  }
+  else if (command === 'next') {
+    this.controller.menubar.setFocusToNextItem(this.controller);
+  }
+  else {
+    this.controller.domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.setFocusToFirstItem = function () {
+  this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.setFocusToLastItem = function () {
+  this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.setFocusToPreviousItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.firstItem) {
+    this.lastItem.domNode.focus();
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menuitems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menuitems[index - 1].domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.setFocusToNextItem = function (currentItem) {
+  var index;
+
+  if (currentItem === this.lastItem) {
+    this.firstItem.domNode.focus();
+  }
+  else {
+    index = this.menuitems.indexOf(currentItem);
+    this.menuitems[index + 1].domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.setFocusByFirstCharacter = function (currentItem, char) {
+  var start, index, char = char.toLowerCase();
+
+  // Get start index for search based on position of currentItem
+  start = this.menuitems.indexOf(currentItem) + 1;
+  if (start === this.menuitems.length) {
+    start = 0;
+  }
+
+  // Check remaining slots in the menu
+  index = this.getIndexFirstChars(start, char);
+
+  // If not found in remaining slots, check from beginning
+  if (index === -1) {
+    index = this.getIndexFirstChars(0, char);
+  }
+
+  // If match was found...
+  if (index > -1) {
+    this.menuitems[index].domNode.focus();
+  }
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.getIndexFirstChars = function (startIndex, char) {
+  for (var i = startIndex; i < this.firstChars.length; i++) {
+    if (char === this.firstChars[i]) {
+      return i;
+    }
+  }
+  return -1;
+};
+
+/* MENU DISPLAY METHODS */
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.getPosition = function (element) {
+  var x = 0,
+ y = 0;
+
+  while (element) {
+    x += (element.offsetLeft - element.scrollLeft + element.clientLeft);
+    y += (element.offsetTop - element.scrollTop + element.clientTop);
+    element = element.offsetParent;
+  }
+
+  return {x: x, y: y};
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.open = function () {
+  // get position and bounding rectangle of controller object's DOM node
+  var pos = this.getPosition(this.controller.domNode);
+  var rect = this.controller.domNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+
+  // set CSS properties
+  this.domNode.style.display = 'block';
+  this.domNode.style.position = 'absolute';
+  this.domNode.style.top = (pos.y + rect.height) + 'px';
+  this.domNode.style.left = pos.x + 'px';
+
+  // set aria-expanded attribute
+  this.controller.domNode.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'true');
+};
+
+PopupMenuAction.prototype.close = function (force) {
+
+  if (force || (!this.hasFocus && !this.hasHover && !this.controller.hasHover)) {
+    this.domNode.style.display = 'none';
+    this.controller.domNode.setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
+  }
+};
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/TextStyling.js b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/TextStyling.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aab53b703e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/js/TextStyling.js
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+/*
+*   This content is licensed according to the W3C Software License at
+*   https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document
+*
+*   File:   TextStyling.js
+*
+*   Desc:   Styling functions for changing the style of an item
+*
+*   Author: Jon Gunderson and Ku Ja Eun
+*/
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler setFontFamily
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS font-family property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which font is selected
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*   @param value
+*       value for the CSS font-family property
+*
+*/
+function setFontFamily (event, id) {
+  var currentTarget = event.currentTarget;
+
+  var value = event.target.innerHTML;
+
+  if (value) {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.fontFamily = value;
+  }
+
+  var childElement = currentTarget.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (childElement) {
+    if (childElement.innerHTML === value) {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+    }
+    else {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler setTextDecoration
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS font-family property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which decoration is selected
+*
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*
+*/
+function setTextDecoration (event, id) {
+
+  var currentTarget = event.currentTarget;
+
+  var value = event.target.innerHTML;
+
+  if (value) {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.textDecoration = value;
+  }
+
+  var childElement = currentTarget.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (childElement) {
+    if (childElement.innerHTML === value) {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+    }
+    else {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler setTextAlign
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS text-align property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which alignment is selected
+*
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*/
+function setTextAlign (event, id) {
+
+  var currentTarget = event.currentTarget;
+
+  var value = event.target.innerHTML;
+
+  if (value) {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.textAlign = value;
+  }
+
+  var childElement = currentTarget.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (childElement) {
+    if (childElement.innerHTML === value) {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+    }
+    else {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler setFontSize
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS font-size property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which size is selected
+*
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*
+*   @param value
+*       value for the CSS font-size property
+*
+*/
+function setFontSize (event, id) {
+
+  var target = event.target;
+  var currentTarget = event.currentTarget;
+  var radioGroup = currentTarget.querySelectorAll('[role=\'group\']')[0];
+  var value = false;
+  var childElement;
+  var flag;
+  var i;
+  var disableSmaller;
+  var disableLarger;
+
+  value = target.innerHTML;
+
+  if (value.toLowerCase() === 'larger') {
+
+    childElement = radioGroup.firstElementChild;
+
+    while (childElement) {
+      flag = childElement.getAttribute('aria-checked');
+      childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+      if (flag === 'true') {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (childElement) {
+      value = childElement.innerHTML;
+    }
+    else {
+      value = false;
+    }
+
+  }
+  else {
+    if (value.toLowerCase() === 'smaller') {
+
+      var childElement = radioGroup.lastElementChild;
+
+      while (childElement) {
+        var flag = childElement.getAttribute('aria-checked');
+        childElement = childElement.previousElementSibling;
+        if (flag === 'true') {
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (childElement) {
+        value = childElement.innerHTML;
+      }
+      else {
+        value = false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  console.log('VALUE: ' + value);
+
+  if (value) {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.fontSize = value;
+
+    childElement = radioGroup.firstElementChild;
+
+    while (childElement) {
+      if (childElement.innerHTML === value) {
+        childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+      }
+      else {
+        childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+      }
+      childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+
+    }
+
+    if (value === 'X-Small') {
+      disableSmaller = 'true';
+    }
+    else {
+      disableSmaller = 'false';
+    }
+
+    if (value === 'X-Large') {
+      disableLarger = 'true';
+    }
+    else {
+      disableLarger = 'false';
+    }
+
+    childElement = currentTarget.firstElementChild;
+
+    while (childElement) {
+
+      if (childElement.innerHTML === 'Smaller') {
+        childElement.setAttribute('aria-disabled', disableSmaller);
+      }
+      if (childElement.innerHTML === 'Larger') {
+        childElement.setAttribute('aria-disabled', disableLarger);
+      }
+
+      childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+    }
+  }
+
+};
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler setColor
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS color property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which color is selected
+*
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*
+*   @param value
+*       value for the CSS color property
+*
+*/
+function setColor (event, id, value) {
+
+  var currentTarget = event.currentTarget;
+
+  var value = event.target.innerHTML;
+
+  if (value) {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.color = value;
+  }
+
+  var childElement = currentTarget.firstElementChild;
+
+  while (childElement) {
+    if (childElement.innerHTML === value) {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+    }
+    else {
+      childElement.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+    }
+    childElement = childElement.nextElementSibling;
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler toggleBold
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS font-size property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which size is selected
+*       by using the aria-checked property
+*
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*
+*/
+function toggleBold (event, id) {
+  var target = event.currentTarget;
+  var flag = target.getAttribute('aria-checked');
+
+  if (flag === 'true') {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.fontWeight = 'normal';
+    target.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+  }
+  else {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.fontWeight = 'bold';
+    target.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+  }
+};
+
+/*
+*   @eventHandler toggleItalic
+*
+*   @desc
+*       Sets the CSS font-size property of the text content
+*       identified by the id and updates the menuitemradio
+*       group in the menu to indicate which size is selected
+*       by using the aria-checked property
+*
+*   @param event
+*       Event object of menuitemradio in the radio group
+*
+*   @param id
+*       id property of the element to apply the styling
+*
+*/
+
+function toggleItalic (event, id) {
+  var target = event.currentTarget;
+  var flag = target.getAttribute('aria-checked');
+
+  if (flag === 'true') {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.fontStyle = 'normal';
+    target.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+  }
+  else {
+    document.getElementById(id).style.fontStyle = 'italic';
+    target.setAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+  }
+};
+
diff --git a/examples/menubar/menubar-2/menubar-2.html b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/menubar-2.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b1cde96151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/menubar/menubar-2/menubar-2.html
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+
+    <title>ARIA Menubar Example: Menuitemradio and Menuitemcheckbox</title>
+
+    <link href="../../css/core.css" rel="stylesheet">
+    <link href="../../css/table.css" rel="stylesheet">
+    <link href="css/menubarAction.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+    <script src="js/TextStyling.js"     type="text/javascript"></script> 
+
+    <script src="js/MenubarAction.js"     type="text/javascript"></script> 
+    <script src="js/MenubarItemAction.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 
+
+    <script src="js/PopupMenuAction.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 
+    <script src="js/MenuItemAction.js"  type="text/javascript"></script> 
+
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <main>
+
+      <h1>ARIA Menubar Example: <code>menuitemradio</code> and <code>menuitemcheckbox</code></h1>
+
+      <ul>
+        <li>List of pull down menu items that change the styling of the text.</li> 
+        <li>Menuitems include radio buttons and checkboxes to indicate the state of the styling of the text.</li> 
+        <li>Font "Size" menu included two menuitems that are disabled base on the current size of the text.</li>
+      </ul>
+ 
+      <p><a href="../../aria-practices.html#menu">Authoring Practice Design Patten for Menubar</a></p>
+
+      <section id="code-ex-1">
+
+        <h2>Example: Explcit ARIA markup indentifying <code>role</code> of each menu item</h2>
+
+        <ul id="menubar1" role="menubar" aria-label="Text Formatting">
+
+          <li>
+            <span role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Font</span>
+            <ul role="menu" class="font-family"  onclick="setFontFamily(event, 'textarea1')">
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="true">Sans-serif</li>
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Serif</li>
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Monospace</li>
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Fantasy</li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <span role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Style/Color</span>
+            <ul role="menu">
+              <li role="menuitemcheckbox" aria-checked="false" onclick="toggleBold(event, 'textarea1')">Bold</li>
+              <li role="menuitemcheckbox" aria-checked="false" onclick="toggleItalic(event,  'textarea1')">Italic</li>
+              <li role="separator"></li>
+              <li>
+                <ul role="group" class="color" aria-label="Text Color" onclick="setColor(event, 'textarea1', 'black')">
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="true">Black</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Blue</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Red</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Green</li>
+                </ul>
+              <li role="separator"></li>
+              <li>
+                <ul role="group" class="text-decoration" aria-label="Text Decoration" onclick="setTextDecoration(event, 'textarea1')"">
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="true">None</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Overline</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Line-through</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Underline</li>
+                </ul>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <span role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Text Align</span>
+            <ul role="menu" class="font-family" onclick="setTextAlign(event, 'textarea1')">
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="true">Left</li>
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Center</li>
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Right</li>
+              <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Justify</li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <span role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Size</span>
+            <ul role="menu" class="font-size" onclick="setFontSize(event, 'textarea1')">
+              <li role="menuitem">Smaller</li>
+              <li role="menuitem">Larger</li>
+              <li role="separator"></li>
+              <li>
+                <ul role="group" aria-label="Font Sizes">
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">X-Small</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Small</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="true" >Medium</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">Large</li>
+                  <li role="menuitemradio" aria-checked="false">X-Large</li>
+                </ul>  
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+        </ul>
+
+        <label for="st1" class="hidden">Text Sample 1</label><br>
+
+        <textarea id="textarea1" rows="20" cols="80" style="font-size: medium; font-family: sans-serif">
+Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
+
+Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
+
+But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow, this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us, that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion, that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
+        </textarea>
+
+        <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettysburg,_Pennsylvania">More information on Gettysburg Address</a></p>
+        </div>
+
+      <h2 id="id_kbd">Keyboard Support</h2>
+
+      <h3 id="id_kbd1">Menubar Menu Items</h3>
+      <table aria-labelledby="id_kbd id_kbd1"> 
+        <thead>
+          <tr>
+            <th>Key</th>
+            <th>Function</th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Space or Enter Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Open or close popup menu.</li>  
+                <li>Focuse stays on menubar menu item.</li>  
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Left Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to previous menubar menu item.</li>
+                <li>If focus on first menubar menu item, focus is moved to last menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Right Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to next menubar menu item.</li>
+                <li>If focus on last menubar menu item, focus is moved to first menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Down Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Open popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to first popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Up Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Open popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to last popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Home</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to first menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>End</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to last menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Character Key</td>
+            <td><ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to next menubar item that starts with that letter.</li>
+                <li>If no menubar menu item starts with the letter, focus does not move.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+
+      <h3 id="id_kbd2">Popup Menu Items</h3>
+      <table aria-labelledby="id_kbd id_kbd2"> 
+        <thead>
+          <tr>
+            <th>Key</th>
+            <th>Function</th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Space or Enter Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Executes "onclick" action (e.g. bolding text, changing font).</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Escape Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Closes popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to current menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Left Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Closes popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to previous menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Right Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Closes popup menu.</li>
+                <li>Moves focus to next menubar menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Up Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to previous popup menu item.</li>
+                <li>If first popup menu item, focus is moved to the last popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Down Arrow Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to next popup menu item.</li>
+                <li>If last popup menu item, focus is moved to the first popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+          <tr>
+            <td>Home</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focuse to first popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>End</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to last popup menu item.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+           <tr>
+            <td>Character Key</td>
+            <td>
+              <ul>
+                <li>Moves focus to the next popup item that starts with that letter.</li>
+                <li>If no popup menu item starts with the letter, focus does not move.</li>
+              </ul>  
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+
+  </main>
+
+  <script type="text/javascript">
+
+    window.onload=function() {
+      var menubar = new MenubarAction(document.getElementById('menubar1'));
+      menubar.init();
+
+    }    
+
+  </script>
+
+  </body>
+  </html>
\ No newline at end of file