diff --git a/pathvalidate/_base.py b/pathvalidate/_base.py
index 8d9dd08..c74e842 100644
--- a/pathvalidate/_base.py
+++ b/pathvalidate/_base.py
@@ -183,6 +183,7 @@ def sanitize(self, value: PathType, replacement_text: str = "") -> PathType:  #
 
 class BaseValidator(AbstractValidator):
     __RE_ROOT_NAME: Final = re.compile(r"([^\.]+)")
+    __RE_REPEAD_DOT: Final = re.compile(r"^\.{3,}")
 
     @property
     def min_len(self) -> int:
@@ -238,6 +239,12 @@ def _validate_max_len(self) -> None:
 
     @classmethod
     def __extract_root_name(cls, path: str) -> str:
+        if path in (".", ".."):
+            return path
+
+        if cls.__RE_REPEAD_DOT.search(path):
+            return path
+
         match = cls.__RE_ROOT_NAME.match(os.path.basename(path))
         if match is None:
             return ""