diff --git a/.DS_Store b/.DS_Store index a89397e..3581702 100644 Binary files a/.DS_Store and b/.DS_Store differ diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index a35eba9..74b0fe2 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -13,3 +13,6 @@ CitNetExplorer CiteSpaceV Pediatric-Surgery p values regular expression +AIDA-Booklet-V2.2.pdf +vosviewer.jnlp +grid-2018-11-14- diff --git a/ArticlesPerJournalsPerCountry-.Rmd b/ArticlesPerJournalsPerCountry-.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c5f31e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/ArticlesPerJournalsPerCountry-.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +--- +title: "Bibliographic Studies" +subtitle: "Articles per journals per country" +author: "Serdar Balcı, MD, Pathologist" +date: '`r format(Sys.Date())`' +output: + html_notebook: + code_folding: hide + fig_caption: yes + highlight: kate + number_sections: yes + theme: cerulean + toc: yes + toc_float: yes + html_document: + code_folding: hide + df_print: kable + keep_md: yes + number_sections: yes + theme: cerulean + toc: yes + toc_float: yes + highlight: kate +--- + +If you want to see the code used in the analysis please click the code button on the right upper corner or throughout the page. + +--- + +# Analysis + +```{r setup, include=FALSE} +knitr::opts_chunk$set(message=FALSE, warning=FALSE, tidy = TRUE) +``` + +## Articles per journals per country + +**Aim:** + +In the [previous analysis](https://sbalci.github.io/pubmed/CountryBasedComparison.html) we have observed that Japanese researchers have much more articles than German and Turkish researchers. + +Here we will look at the distribution of articles per journals per country. + + +**Methods:** + +```{r load required packages} +# load required packages +library(tidyverse) +library(RISmed) +``` + +Pathology Journal ISSN List was retrieved from [In Cites Clarivate](https://jcr.incites.thomsonreuters.com/), and Journal Data Filtered as follows: `JCR Year: 2016 Selected Editions: SCIE,SSCI Selected Categories: 'PATHOLOGY' Selected Category Scheme: WoS` + +```{r Get ISSN List from data downloaded from WoS} +# Get ISSN List from data downloaded from WoS +ISSNList <- JournalHomeGrid <- read_csv("data/JournalHomeGrid.csv", + skip = 1) %>% + select(ISSN) %>% + filter(!is.na(ISSN)) %>% + t() %>% + paste("OR ", collapse = "") # add OR between ISSN List + +ISSNList <- gsub(" OR $","" ,ISSNList) # to remove last OR +``` + +Data is retrieved from PubMed via RISmed package. +PubMed collection from National Library of Medicine (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), has the most comprehensive information about peer reviewed articles in medicine. +The API (https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/), and R packages are available for getting and fetching data from the server. + +The search formula for PubMed is generated as "ISSN List AND Country[Affiliation]" like done in [advanced search of PubMed](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/advanced). + +```{r Generate Search Formula For Pathology Journals AND Countries} +# Generate Search Formula For Pathology Journals AND Countries +searchformulaTR <- paste("'",ISSNList,"'", " AND ", "Turkey[Affiliation]") +searchformulaDE <- paste("'",ISSNList,"'", " AND ", "Germany[Affiliation]") +searchformulaJP <- paste("'",ISSNList,"'", " AND ", "Japan[Affiliation]") +``` + +Articles from Japan, German and Turkey are retrieved limiting the search with pathology journals, affiliation and last 10 years. + +```{r Search PubMed, Get and Fetch} +# Search PubMed, Get and Fetch +TurkeyArticles <- EUtilsSummary(searchformulaTR, type = 'esearch', db = 'pubmed', mindate = 2007, maxdate = 2017, retmax = 10000) +fetchTurkey <- EUtilsGet(TurkeyArticles) + +GermanyArticles <- EUtilsSummary(searchformulaDE, type = 'esearch', db = 'pubmed', mindate = 2007, maxdate = 2017, retmax = 10000) +fetchGermany <- EUtilsGet(GermanyArticles) + +JapanArticles <- EUtilsSummary(searchformulaJP, type = 'esearch', db = 'pubmed', mindate = 2007, maxdate = 2017, retmax = 10000) +fetchJapan <- EUtilsGet(JapanArticles) +``` + +The retrieved information was compiled in a table. + +```{r} + +ISSNTR <- table(ISSN(fetchTurkey)) %>% + as_tibble() %>% + rename(Turkey = n, Journal = Var1) + +ISSNDE <- table(ISSN(fetchGermany)) %>% + as_tibble() %>% + rename(Germany = n, Journal = Var1) + +ISSNJP <- table(ISSN(fetchJapan)) %>% + as_tibble() %>% + rename(Japan = n, Journal = Var1) + +articles_per_journal <- list( + ISSNTR, + ISSNDE, + ISSNJP +) %>% + reduce(left_join, by = "Journal", .id = "id") %>% + gather(Country, n, 2:4) + +articles_per_journal$Country <- factor(articles_per_journal$Country, + levels =c("Japan", "Germany", "Turkey")) + +``` + + + +**Result:** + +In this graph x-axis is the list of journals with decreasing impact factor, and y-axis is the number of articles published in that journal. The colors and shapes are showing the country of affiliation. We see that in one journal articles from Japan is more than 800. + +```{r} +ggplot(data = articles_per_journal, aes(x = Journal, y = n, group = Country, + colour = Country, shape = Country, + levels = Country +)) + + geom_point() + + labs(x = "Journals with decreasing impact factor", y = "Number of Articles") + + ggtitle("Pathology Articles Per Journal") + + theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5), + axis.text.x=element_blank()) + +``` + + +**Comment:** + +It is seen that one of the journals [ISSN: 1440-1827](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/page/journal/14401827/homepage/productinformation.html) has more than 800 articles from Japan. This journal is also from Japan. Here we wonder if there is an editorial preference for articles from their home country. + +We sometimes observe this situation if there is a conference in that country, and the conference abstracts are indexed. + +This may also be a clue that if a country has a journal listed in indexes, than it is more easy for the researchers in that country to publish their results. + + +**Future Work:** + +Whether this observation is a unique situation, or there is a tendency in the journals to publish article from their country of origin, merits further investigation. + + + +--- + + +# Feedback + +[Serdar Balcı, MD, Pathologist](https://github.com/sbalci) would like to hear your feedback: https://goo.gl/forms/YjGZ5DHgtPlR1RnB3 + +This document will be continiously updated and the last update was on `r Sys.Date()`. + +--- + + + +
+ + + + +--- + +# Back to Main Menu + +[Main Page for Bibliographic Analysis](https://sbalci.github.io/pubmed/BibliographicStudies.html) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/BibliographicStudies-.Rmd b/BibliographicStudies-.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a97879e --- /dev/null +++ b/BibliographicStudies-.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ +--- +title: "Bibliographic Studies" +subtitle: "Reproducible Bibliometric Analysis of Pathology Articles Using PubMed, E-direct, WoS, Google Scholar" +author: "Serdar Balcı, MD, Pathologist" +date: '`r format(Sys.Date())`' +output: + html_document: + code_folding: hide + df_print: kable + highlight: kate + keep_md: yes + number_sections: yes + theme: cerulean + toc: yes + toc_float: yes + html_notebook: + code_folding: hide + fig_caption: yes + highlight: kate + number_sections: yes + theme: cerulean + toc: yes + toc_depth: 5 + toc_float: yes +--- + +# Introduction + +It is a very common bibliometric study type to retrospectively analyse the number of peer reviewed articles written from a country to view the amount of contribution made in a specific scientific discipline. + +These studies require too much effort, since the data is generally behind paywalls and restrictions. + +I have previously contributed to a research to identify the Articles from Turkey Published in Pathology Journals Indexed in International Indexes; which is published here: [Turk Patoloji Derg. 2010, 26(2):107-113 doi: 10.5146/tjpath.2010.01006](http://www.turkjpath.org/summary_en.php3?id=1423) + +This study had required manual investigation of many excel files, which was time consuming; also redoing and updating the data and results require a similar amount of effort. + + +--- + +If you want to see the code used in the analysis please click the code button on the right upper corner or throughout the page. + +I would like to hear your feedback: https://goo.gl/forms/YjGZ5DHgtPlR1RnB3 + +This document will be continiously updated and the last update was on `r Sys.Date()`. + +--- + + +# Analysis + +--- + +## Country Based Comparison + +To see the analysis comparing number of pathology articles from Turkey, German and Japan see this analysis: [Country Based Comparison](https://sbalci.github.io/pubmed/CountryBasedComparison.html) + +--- + +## Articles per Journals per Country + +In this analysis we aimed to compare number articles per journals per country. We tried to identify if articles from a country is published in certain journals: [Articles Per Journals Per Country](https://sbalci.github.io/pubmed/ArticlesPerJournalsPerCountry.html) + +## Most Common MeSH Terms and Keywords used in Pathology Articles from Turkey + +In this analysis we aimed to identify the common research topics Turkish pathologists are interested. We extracted most common MeSH terms and keywords from PubMed articles using EDirect: +[MeSH Terms Pathology Articles From Turkey](https://sbalci.github.io/pubmed/MeSH_Terms_Pathology_Articles_From_Turkey.html) + + +--- + + + +--- + + + +--- + + + +--- + + + +--- + + + +--- + + + + +--- + + + + +--- + + + +--- + + + + +--- + +# Sources Used For Analysis + +Here are the sources used in these analysis: [Sources Used For Analysis](https://sbalci.github.io/pubmed/Sources.html) + +--- + +# Feedback + +[Serdar Balcı, MD, Pathologist](https://github.com/sbalci) would like to hear your feedback: https://goo.gl/forms/YjGZ5DHgtPlR1RnB3 + +This document will be continiously updated and the last update was on `r Sys.Date()`. + +--- + + + +
+ + + +--- diff --git a/SemanticScholar-.Rmd b/SemanticScholar-.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eb1582e --- /dev/null +++ b/SemanticScholar-.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ +--- +title: "Semantic Scholar" +output: html_notebook +--- + +Open Research Corpus + + +https://api.semanticscholar.org/ + +https://labs.semanticscholar.org/corpus/ + +https://github.com/allenai/citeomatic + +https://api.semanticscholar.org + +https://github.com/Santosh-Gupta/Research2Vec + +http://www.jaist.ac.jp/event/SCIDOCA/2018/files/Semantic-Scholar-SCIDOCA-2018.pdf + +https://open.semanticscholar.org + +https://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/scigraph + +https://github.com/allenai/science-parse + +http://pdffigures2.allenai.org + +http://flourishoa.org + +http://babel.eigenfactor.org + +http://viziometrics.org/about/ + +https://www.openacademic.ai + +http://eigenfactor.org + +http://labs.semanticscholar.org/citeomatic/ + + + + + +--- + + + + + + + + + +--- + +Example + +This is a subset of the full Semantic Scholar corpus which represents papers crawled from the Web and subjected to a number of filters. + + + +{ + "id": "4cd223df721b722b1c40689caa52932a41fcc223", + "title": "Knowledge-rich, computer-assisted composition of Chinese couplets", + "paperAbstract": "Recent research effort in poem composition has focused on the use of automatic language generation...", + "entities": [ + "Conformance testing", + "Natural language generation", + "Natural language processing", + "Parallel computing", + "Stochastic grammar", + "Web application" + ], + "s2Url": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/4cd223df721b722b1c40689caa52932a41fcc223", + "s2PdfUrl": "", + "pdfUrls": [ + "https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqu052" + ], + "authors": [ + { + "name": "John Lee", + "ids": [ + "3362353" + ] + }, + "..." + ], + "inCitations": [ + "c789e333fdbb963883a0b5c96c648bf36b8cd242" + ], + "outCitations": [ + "abe213ed63c426a089bdf4329597137751dbb3a0", + "..." + ], + "year": 2016, + "venue": "DSH", + "journalName": "DSH", + "journalVolume": "31", + "journalPages": "152-163", + "sources": [ + "DBLP" + ], + "doi": "10.1093/llc/fqu052", + "doiUrl": "https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqu052", + "pmid": "" +} + + + + +Attributes + +id string + +S2 generated research paper ID. + +title string + +Research paper title. + +paperAbstract string + +Extracted abstract of the paper. + +entities list + +S2 extracted list of relevant entities or topics. + +s2Url string + +URL to S2 research paper details page. + +s2PdfUrl string + +URL to PDF on S2 if available. + +pdfUrls list + +URLs related to this PDF scraped from the web. + +authors list + +List of authors with an S2 generated author ID and name. + +inCitations list + +List of S2 paperId's which cited this paper. + +outCitations list + +List of paperId's which this paper cited. + +year int + +Year this paper was published as integer. + +venue string + +Extracted venue published. + +journalName string + +Name of the journal that published this paper. + +journalVolume string + +The volume of the journal where this paper was published. + +journalPages string + +The pages of the journal where this paper was published. + +sources list + +Identifies papers sourced from DBLP or Medline. + +doi string + +Digital Object Identifier registered at doi.org. + +doiUrl string + +DOI link for registered objects. + +pmid string + +Unique identifier used by PubMed. + diff --git a/Sources-.Rmd b/Sources-.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..02a3084 --- /dev/null +++ b/Sources-.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +--- +title: "Bibliographic Studies" +subtitle: "Sources Used For Analysis" +author: "Serdar Balcı, MD, Pathologist" +date: '`r format(Sys.Date())`' +output: + html_notebook: + code_folding: hide + fig_caption: yes + highlight: kate + number_sections: yes + theme: cerulean + toc: yes + toc_float: yes + html_document: + code_folding: hide + df_print: kable + highlight: kate + keep_md: yes + number_sections: yes + theme: cerulean + toc: yes + toc_float: yes +--- + +# Introduction + +It is a very common bibliometric study type to retrospectively analyse the number of peer reviewed articles written from a country to view the amount of contribution made in a specific scientific discipline. + + +These studies require too much effort, since the data is generally behind paywalls and restrictions. + + +I have previously contributed to a research to identify the Articles from Turkey Published in Pathology Journals Indexed in International Indexes; which is published here: [Turk Patoloji Derg. 2010, 26(2):107-113 doi: 10.5146/tjpath.2010.01006](http://www.turkjpath.org/summary_en.php3?id=1423) + +This study had required manual investigation of many excel files, which was time consuming; also redoing and updating the data and results require a similar amount of effort. + +In order to automatize these type of analysis in a reproducable fashion, +I will be using + +[R Markdown](https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/) +, +[R Notebook](https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/r_notebooks.html) +, +[Shiny](https://shiny.rstudio.com/) +and +[Terminal](https://en.0wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(macOS)) +for coding. +I also plan to use other bibliographic tools like +[VOSviewer](http://www.vosviewer.com/). + +Data will be retrieved from +[PubMed](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed), +[E-direct](https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/edirect/overview.html), +[WoS](www.webofknowledge.com/) +and +[Google Scholar](https://scholar.google.com). + + + +https://www.scopus.com/sources + + +https://www.altmetric.com/top100/2018/ + + +https://grid.ac/ + + +https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/ncbi/pubmed/out/doc/2018/ + + +MEDLINE®PubMed® XML Element Descriptions and their Attributes +https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/licensee/elements_descriptions.html + +Comment Correction Type +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3827/#pubmedhelp.Comment_Correction_Type + +EDirect Documentation +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/edirect/documentation.html + +Entrez Direct: E-utilities on the UNIX Command Line +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK179288/ + +The 9 E-utilities and Associated Parameters +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/eutilities/utilities.html + +E-utilities and the History server +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/eutilities/history.html + +EDirect Documentation +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/edirect/documentation.html + +NCBI NOW, Lecture 3, Introduction to the Linux Shell +https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgaE4VIaJqI + +MEDLINE®/PubMed® XML Data Elements +https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/licensee/data_elements_doc.html + +pubmed_180101.dtd Documentation +https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/ncbi/pubmed/out/doc/2018/ + +Using EDirect to create a local copy of PubMed +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/edirect/archive.html + +EDirectCookbook +https://ncbi-hackathons.github.io/EDirectCookbook/ + +Entrez Direct: E-utilities on the UNIX Command Line +https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK179288/ + +EDirect Overview +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/edirect/overview.html + +Installing EDirect +https://dataguide.nlm.nih.gov/edirect/install.html + + +--- + +If you want to see the code used in the analysis please click the code button on the right upper corner or throughout the page. + +--- + +# Feedback + +[Serdar Balcı, MD, Pathologist](https://github.com/sbalci) would like to hear your feedback: https://goo.gl/forms/YjGZ5DHgtPlR1RnB3 + +This document will be continiously updated and the last update was on `r Sys.Date()`. + +--- \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/grid-ac-.Rmd b/grid-ac-.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a86e832 --- /dev/null +++ b/grid-ac-.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +--- +title: "grid.ac" +output: html_notebook +--- + +https://grid.ac/ + +https://grid.ac/downloads + +```{r} +library(tidyverse) +``` + + +```{r} +library(readr) +gridcsv <- read_csv("grid-2018-11-14/grid.csv") +View(gridcsv) +``` + + +```{r} +my_files <- list.files(path = "grid-2018-11-14/full_tables/", pattern = "*.csv", full.names = TRUE) + +data <- my_files %>% + map(read_csv) + +names(data) <- gsub(".csv", + "", + list.files("grid-2018-11-14/full_tables/", + full.names = FALSE), + fixed = TRUE) +``` + + +```{r} +for(i in 1:length(data)){ +assign(names(data)[i], data[[i]]) +} +``` + + +```{r} +# install.packages("rjson") +library(rjson) +``` + + +```{r} +gridjson <- fromJSON(file = "grid-2018-11-14/grid.json") +``` + + +```{r} +# dfgridjson <- as.data.frame(gridjson) +``` + + + diff --git a/p values regular expression- b/p values regular expression- new file mode 100644 index 0000000..548501f --- /dev/null +++ b/p values regular expression- @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +p values in pathology articles +regular expression + + +The Use of “Trend” Statements to Describe Statistically Nonsignificant Results in the Oncology Literature +JAMA Oncol. 2018;4(12):1778-1779. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.4524 +https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/2705969 + +p[<>=]0\.\d{1,7}|p.[<>=].0\.\d{1,7}|significant|nonsignificant|non-significant \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/pubmed_result (2)-.txt b/pubmed_result (2)-.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a6a75e --- /dev/null +++ b/pubmed_result (2)-.txt @@ -0,0 +1,59444 @@ + +1. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2019 Jan 2:1-9. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1552732. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Antenatal Cytomegalovirus Infection Screening Results of 32,188 Patients in a +Tertiary Referral Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study. + +Sert Y(1), Ozgu-Erdinc AS, Saygan S, Engin Ustun Y. + +Author information: +(1)a University of Health Sciences Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, +Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine cytomegalovirus (CMV) +seroprevalence, low and high avidities, and the frequency of polymerase chain +reaction (PCR) positivity and neonatal disease in an obstetric population. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sera of 32,188 women were tested for CMV IgM and/or CMV +IgG between 2008 and 2017. Those with IgM were tested for antibody avidity. Of +those with low avidity, PCR was offered. +RESULTS: The frequency of CMV IgG and IgM seropositivity was 62% (16,759/26,854) +and 22% (74/32,188). The number with low avidity was 42. In 36/42, the infants +were PCR tested for CMV and 9 were CMV positive. Only one infant had signs of +congenital CMV infection at the time of birth. +CONCLUSION: This study shows the prevalence of Cytomegalovirus infections in a +tertiary referral center in Turkey. Although universal screening is not +recommended, it can be helpful for the prevention of congenital infection for +seronegative women to be advised to at-risk patients due to high prevalence of +CMV exposure. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1552732 +PMID: 30600762 + + +2. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2019 Jan 2:1-11. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1556367. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Prenatal Diagnosis and Management of Ectopia Cordis: Varied Presentation +Spectrum. + +Türkyilmaz G(1), Avcı S(2), Sıvrıkoz T(1), Erturk E(1), Altunoglu U(2), +Turkyilmazlmaz SE(3), Kalelioglu IH(1), Has R(1), Yuksel A(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine , +Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Medical Genetics , Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Suleymaniye Maternity and Women's Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Ectopia cordis (EC) is a congenital anomaly associated with heart +defects and extracardiac malformations. +OBJECTIVES: We determined the various presentations of EC diagnosed in our center +between 2010 and 2017. +RESULTS: Seven fetuses from six pregnancies with EC were detected, five during +the first trimester. Three were from multiple pregnancies, and both twins had EC +in one monochorionic-monoamniotic pregnancy. Abdominal wall defects were detected +in six fetuses. Kyphoscoliosis, cephalocele, clubfoot and short umbilical cord +were other abnormalities. Five fetuses were terminated, one fetus died in utero, +and one baby died on day two of life. Postnatal evaluation performed in all cases +additionally detected cleft lips/palates in two fetuses and tetralogy of Fallot +in one. +CONCLUSION: Outcome is poor for these fetuses, EC can occur in a multiple +pregnancy, most of the abnormalities can be identified in the first trimester and +fetopsy continues to add information to the intrauterine diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1556367 +PMID: 30600745 + + +3. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018 Dec 18;39:15-20. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.12.004. +[Epub ahead of print] + +Fine needle aspiration of non-thyroidal head and neck masses: Correlation of the +cyto-histopathological diagnoses, causes of inconsistency and traps. + +Yaprak Bayrak B(1), Kaçar Özkara S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, +Turkey. Electronic address: busra.yaprakbayrak@kocaeli.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.12.004 +PMID: 30597402 + + +4. J Pathol. 2018 Dec 21. doi: 10.1002/path.5224. [Epub ahead of print] + +Inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity in cancer-associated fibroblasts of human +pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. + +Neuzillet C(1)(2)(3)(4), Tijeras-Raballand A(5), Ragulan C(6)(7), Cros J(3)(8), +Patil Y(6)(7), Martinet M(5), Erkan M(9), Kleeff J(10), Wilson J(11), Apte M(11), +Tosolini M(12), Wilson AS(1), Delvecchio FR(1), Bousquet C(13), Paradis V(3)(8), +Hammel P(3)(14), Sadanandam A(6)(7), Kocher HM(1)(2). + +Author information: +(1)Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of +London, London, United Kingdom. +(2)Barts and The London HPB Centre, The Royal London Hospital, London, United +Kingdom. +(3)INSERM UMR1149, Beaujon University Hospital, Paris 7 Diderot University, +Paris, France. +(4)Department of Medical Oncology, Curie Institute, Versailles Saint-Quentin +University, Paris, France. +(5)AFR Oncology, Paris, France. +(6)Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, +United Kingdom. +(7)Centre for Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United +Kingdom. +(8)Department of Pathology, Beaujon University Hospital, Paris 7 Diderot +University, Paris, France. +(9)Department of Surgery, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(10)Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, +Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany. +(11)Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School, University +of New South Wales and Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, +Australia. +(12)INSERM UMR 1037, Technological Pole and Bioinformatic Platform, Cancer +Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France. +(13)INSERM UMR 1037, Team 6 Protein Synthesis & Secretion in Carcinogenesis, +Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France. +(14)Digestive Oncology Unit, Beaujon University Hospital, Paris 7 Diderot +University, Paris, France. + +Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are orchestrators of the pancreatic ductal +adenocarcinoma (PDAC) microenvironment. Stromal heterogeneity may explain +differential pathophysiological roles of the stroma (pro- vs. anti-tumoral) in +PDAC. We hypothesized that multiple CAF functional subtypes exist in PDAC, that +contribute to stromal heterogeneity through interactions with cancer cells. Using +molecular and functional analysis of patient-derived CAF primary cultures, we +demonstrated that human PDAC-derived CAFs display a high level of inter- and +intra-tumour heterogeneity. We identified at least four subtypes of CAFs based on +transcriptomic analysis, and propose a classification for human PDAC-derived CAFs +(pCAFassigner). Multiple CAF subtypes co-existed in individual patient samples. +The presence of these CAF subtypes in bulk tumours was confirmed using publicly +available gene expression profiles, and immunostainings of CAF subtype markers. +Each subtype displayed specific phenotypic features (matrix- and immune-related +signatures, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin expression, proliferation rate), +and was associated with an assessable prognostic impact. A prolonged exposure of +non-tumoral pancreatic stellate cells to conditioned media from cancer cell lines +(cancer education experiment) induced a CAF-like phenotype, including loss of +capacity to revert to quiescence and an increase in the expression of genes +related to CAF subtypes B and C. This classification demonstrates molecular and +functional inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity of CAFs in human PDAC. Our +subtypes overlap with those identified from single-cell analyses in other +cancers, and pave the way for the development of therapies targeting specific CAF +sub-populations in PDAC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights +reserved. + +This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1002/path.5224 +PMID: 30575030 + + +5. Histol Histopathol. 2018 Dec 19:18077. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-077. [Epub ahead of +print] + +The effect of chronic stress and obesity on sperm quality and testis histology in +male rats; a morphometric and immunohistochemical study. + +Demirci T(1), Sahin E(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Atatürk University, +Erzurum, Turkey. drtubademirci@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Sakarya University, +Sakarya, Turkey. eozbek@sakarya.edu.tr. + +OBJECTIVE: Stress and obesity lead structural and functional abnormalities in +many organs. This research investigated the effect of these two risk factors on +sperm parameters and histologic structure of testis in rat model. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four male rats were divided into four groups with +six rats in each group as control, stress, obesity, and stress-obesity groups. +The rats of obesity and stress-obesity groups were fed high-fat diet for 12-week +and obesity was created. Control and stress groups were given standard rat chow +for the same time. Through last 4-week, stress and stress-obesity groups were +applied to chronic mild stress procedure. At the end of the experiment, +epididymal sperm was collected from vas deferens and testes were harvested from +sacrificed animals. Sperm samples were evaluated in terms of concentration and +motility by using Makler Chamber. Sperm smears were stained with Eosin-Y stain +for morphological evaluation, and also histochemically for GABA transporter-1 +(GAT1) expression assessment. Testis sections were dyed with Hematoxylin-Eosin +and Johnsen scores were assessed. GAT1 expression was detected in testis sections +by immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL method was used for determining apoptosis in +testis. +RESULTS: In comparison with the control samples in stress, obesity, and +stress-obesity groups sperm concentration and motility decreased, and also the +number of sperm with abnormal morphology increased. Stress, obesity, and +stress-obesity groups showed a significantly decreased in sperm concentration and +motility in comparison with the control group, and also in these groups had +significantly increased number of abnormal sperm compared to control. +Additionally, the testicular structure was deteriorated, and Johnsen scores +decreased. And also GAT1 expression and apoptosis were prominent. These negative +results, especially, testicular weight, sperm concentration, and Johnsen score +were more observed in the stress-obesity group. +CONCLUSIONS: Stress and obesity may induce male infertility by disrupting both +sperm quality and testis histology. When stress and obesity are coexisting, these +adverse effects are more severe. And also, increased GAT1 expression may be +associated with these effects. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-18-077 +PMID: 30566207 + + +6. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2018 Dec 18:1-9. doi: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1559054. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Systematic review on recent potential biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary +disease. + +Aydindogan E(1), Penque D(2)(3), Zoidakis J(4). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Natural Sciences, Ege University , +Izmir , Turkey. +(2)b Laboratory of Proteomics, Human Genetics Department , Instituto Nacional de +Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge , Lisboa , Portugal. +(3)c ToxOmics- Centre of Toxicogenomics and Human Health , Universidade Nova de +Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal. +(4)d Department of Biotechnology , Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of +Athens , Athens , Greece. + +INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading +causes of death worldwide and associated with decreased lung function and +inflammation. The heterogeneity of COPD and its molecular and clinical features +hinder efficient patient stratification and introduction of personalized +therapeutic approaches. The available clinical tools do not efficiently predict +the progression and exacerbations of the disease. Areas covered: An overview of +the most recent studies on putative COPD protein biomarkers and the challenges +for implementing their use in the clinical setting is presented. Expert +commentary: Proteomics biomarker discovery in COPD has mostly focused on +approaches evaluating specific proteins on a limited number of samples. The most +promising protein candidates can be classified into five main biological +categories: extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, inflammation/immune response, +oxidative stress response, vascular tone regulation, and lipid metabolism. To +efficiently stratify COPD patients and predict exacerbations, it will be +necessary to implement biomarker panels to better represent the complex +pathophysiology of this disease. The application of unbiased proteomics and +bioinformatics followed by appropriate clinical validation studies will +contribute to the achievement of this aim while increasing the number of +validated biomarkers that can enter the qualification processes by the regulatory +entities. + +DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1559054 +PMID: 30560707 + + +7. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Dec 6:1066896918817148. doi: 10.1177/1066896918817148. +[Epub ahead of print] + +Cystic Anastomosing Hemangioma of the Ovary: A Case Report With +Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Analysis. + +Gunduz M(1), Hurdogan O(1), Onder S(1), Yavuz E(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +In this article, we present a case of anastomosing hemangioma that shows cystic +change. The tumor was a unilocular cystic lesion consisting of 2 distinct layers. +The inner layer was composed of a proliferation of capillary-sized blood vessels +resembling red pulp of the spleen. The outer layer was composed of stromal cells +that resembled Leydig or steroid cell tumor of the ovary. An immunohistochemical +examination confirmed endothelial and stromal characteristics of the layers, +respectively. An ultrastructural analysis revealed absence of Reinke crystalloids +in the stromal cells. We conclude that anastomosing hemangioma may rarely arise +from the ovary as a cystic tumor and may be accompanied with luteinization of +stromal cells. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896918817148 +PMID: 30522379 + + +8. Hum Pathol. 2018 Dec 7. pii: S0046-8177(18)30479-9. doi: +10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.040. [Epub ahead of print] + +"The other side of the coin": understanding noninvasive follicular tumor with +papillary-like nuclear features in Unifocal and multifocal settings. + +Canberk S(1), Montezuma D(2), Taştekin E(3), Grangeia D(4), Demirhas MP(5), Akbas +M(6), Tokat F(7), Ince U(7), Soares P(8), Schmitt F(9). + +Author information: +(1)IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of +Porto, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, +University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, subdivision of +Cytopathology, Acibadem University, Kayısdagı cd. Atasehir, Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO, Porto, +), Porto, Portugal. +(3)Department of Pathology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey. +(4)IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of +Porto, Porto, Portugal. +(5)Medical Faculty of 4(th) year, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, +Kayısdagı cd. Atasehir, Turkey. +(6)Acibadem Laboratory, Kayısdagı cd. Atasehir, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, subdivision of Cytopathology, Acibadem University, +Kayısdagı cd. Atasehir, Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(8)IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of +Porto, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, +University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of +Porto University, Porto, Portugal. +(9)IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of +Porto, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, +University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of +Porto University, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: +fernando.schmitt@ipatimup.pt. + +The recent description of noninvasive follicular tumor with papillary-like +nuclear features (NIFTP) creates several diagnostic and therapeutic challenges +for both the pathologist and the attending clinician. Given the concern about +overtreatment of these neoplasms, the best way to manage the patients by a +surgical procedure and post-surgical follow-up is still under discussion. We +aimed to identify predictors of synchronous disease (eg, bilateral cancers) that +can influence the appropriate type of surgery and long-term surveillance. We +reevaluated the original diagnosis and the presence of contralateral lesions in +94 cases retrieved from our archives that were seen between 2010 and 2017. In 74 +cases, the diagnosis was NIFTP and in 20 cases infiltrative follicular variant of +papillary thyroid carcinoma (IFVPTC). Bilateral disease was found in 17% of the +cases. In 13 (18%) of those cases, NIFTP was the primary lesion, and in three +(15%), it was IFVPTC. The contralateral disease was predominantly invasive: 6 +cases of micropapillary carcinoma, 5 of papillary thyroid carcinoma, 3 of IFVPTC, +and 2 of NIFTP. Despite the higher frequency of contralateral disease in NIFTP, +there was no statistically significant difference with IFVPTC. In the patients +with multifocal NIFTP, 2 (15%) of the contralateral malignancies showed +microscopic extrathyroidal extension (P<.05). We conclude that close monitoring +of the contralateral lobe is appropriate in patients with FVPTC, particularly +NIFTP, if they are not submitted to total thyroidectomy. + +Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.040 +PMID: 30529753 + + +9. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Nov 29. doi: 10.1002/dc.24117. [Epub ahead of print] + +A cancer of undetermined significance: Incidental thyroid carcinoma. + +Evranos B(1), Polat SB(2), Cuhaci FN(2), Baser H(2), Topaloglu O(2), Kilicarslan +A(3), Kilic M(4), Ersoy R(2), Cakir B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing which can be +attributed in part to improved ultrasonography (US) methods and increased +detection of incidental thyroid carcinomas (ITC). We aimed to compare ITC with +nonincidental thyroid carcinomas (NITC) in this study. +METHODS: Retrospective analyses of 906 individual patients who were operated for +benign and malignant thyroid disease and had a final histopathological diagnosis +of thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in this study. Preoperative US examination and +fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy results were evaluated. The tumor foci in +thyroidectomy specimens that were not represented in preoperative US or FNA +reports were classified as ITC. The tumor foci that match with the lesions +defined in US or FNA results were classified as NITC. +RESULTS: Final histology revealed ITC in 326 patients (36%) and NITC in 580 +patients (64% Mean age was 51.7 ± 11.11 in ITC group and 48.15 ± 13.1 in NITC +group (P < .001). In NITC group 322 (55.5%) of the patients were operated for +suspicious cytology while only 29 (8.9%) of the patients in the ITC group were +operated because of this indication (P < .001). There were 1301 cancer foci in +histopathology specimens. Among all these cancer foci, 434 (33.3%) were detected +incidentally and 867 (66.7%) were detected non-incidentally. About 779 (89.9%) of +nonincidental cancer foci were papillary cancer (PTC), while all of the +incidental cancer foci were PTC. Mean size was 13 mm in NITC group and it was 3 +mm in the ITC group and differed significantly between the groups (P < .001). +Tumor size was ≤1 cm in 35.2% of the patients with NITC while 98.5% of patients +with ITC had tumor ≤1 cm. The occurrence of multinodularity was higher in ITC +than the NITC group (P < 001). Median TSH level was higher in patients with NITC +than ITC while both were in the reference range (1.53 vs 1.03 μIU/mL, P < .001). +The frequency of thyroiditis detected by US, and thyroid peroxidase antibody and +thyroglobulin antibody positivities were similar in patients with ITC and NITC +(P = .2, P = .86, and P = .26, respectively). The frequencies of capsular +invasion (29.1% vs 7.9%), extrathyroidal extension (13% vs 4.2%), multifocality +(35.8% vs 24.2%), non-complete resection (9.2% vs 1.8%), and lymph node +metastasis (9.5% vs 1.8%) were significantly higher in the NITC group (P < .001, +for each). Persistent/recurrent disease in patients with NITC was more frequent +than patients with ITC (P = .004). This outcome was similar for cancers measuring +≤1 cm (P = .001). +CONCLUSION: ITC is often encountered in older patients and frequently determined +in early stages with more favorable histopathological features and better +prognosis. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24117 +PMID: 30488670 + + +10. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Nov 21. doi: 10.1002/dc.24065. [Epub ahead of print] + +The diagnostic value of parathyroid hormone washout in primary +hyperparathyroidism patients with negative or equivocal 99 m Tc-MIBI results. + +Aydın C(1), Polat SB(1), Dellal FD(2), Kaya C(3), Dogan HT(4), Turkolmez S(5), +Kılıç M(6), Ersoy R(1), Çakır B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk +Education and Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Aksaray Government Hospital, Endocrinology Department, Aksaray, Turkey. +(4)Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Aksaray, Turkey. +(5)Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk Education and +Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk Education and +Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The accurate identification of hyper functioning +parathyroid gland is needed for definitive surgical treatment in primary +hyperparathyroidism. Ultrasonography and 99mTechnetium sestamibi scintigraphy are +the two most used methods with varying sensitivities. This study aimed to assess +the value of parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay in preoperative ultrasound guided +fine needle aspiration (FNA)-PTH washout fluid to verify the correct localisation +of lesions with negative or inconclusive scintigraphy results. +METHODS: We evaluated data of 28 lesions in 21 patients who underwent US-guided +parathyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with PTH washout, retrospectively. The +PTH washout results and the reports of parathyroid surgery and imaging studies +were reviewed. +RESULTS: Of operated 28 lesions 23 had positive and 5 had negative washout +results. The median FNA-PTH washout was 2315.5 pg/ ml (min-max: 12.3-6978 pg/ +ml). The calculated sensitivity of FNA-PTH washout was 85.7% and the specifity +was 28.6%. The positive and negative predictive values were 78.3% and 40.0%, +respectively. +CONCLUSIONS: FNA-PTH can be used to establish the nature of the lesion, +discriminate parathyroid gland from thyroid lesions or cervical lymph nodes, +improving the surgical outcomes. It can be used to localise parathyroid lesions +preoperatively when negative or discordant ultrasound and scintigraphy findings +are obtained. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24065 +PMID: 30461227 + + +11. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Nov 21. doi: 10.1002/dc.24106. [Epub ahead of print] + +Smear cytological features of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine +cervix in pregnancy: A case report and review of the literature. + +Erdem BE(1), Çiğdem V(1), Şener G(2), Bahar M(1), Kursat YD(1), İzzet Y(2). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, +Turkey. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kocaeli +University, Kocaeli, Turkey. + +Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the uterine cervix is a rare +aggressive tumor. The examination of a cervicovaginal smear from a 31-year-old +patient diagnosed with LCNEC after a cervical polypectomy during the 32nd week of +pregnancy was carried out. The observed atypical cells had large cytoplasm, +increased nucleus: cytoplasm ratio with the nucleus containing coarse, dispersed +chromatin, and were arranged in a pseudorosette formation, which all confirmed +the diagnosis. In addition, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) was determined in the +histopathological examination of the subsequent hysterectomy material. Given the +rarity of this condition, we present and discuss the case herein. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24106 +PMID: 30461217 + + +12. Diagn Pathol. 2018 Nov 20;13(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s13000-018-0769-x. + +Massive Localized Lymphedema in an Unreported Location (Retroperitoneum). + +Ertoy Baydar D(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Koc University School of Medicine, Topkapi / +Zeytinburnu, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey. dertoy@kuh.ku.edu.tr. + +BACKGROUND: Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is a non-neoplastic benign soft +tissue lesion that may be confused with sarcomas or other neoplastic +proliferations both clinically and morphologically. Most occur in morbidly obese +adults on the lower extremities. The objective of this article is to document a +case of MLL in the retroperitoneal cavity which is a previously unreported site +for this lesion, and to highlight its unusual clinical features. +CASE PRESENTATION: The patient was a non-obese male who had undergone major +abdominal surgery due to bladder extrophy 17 years ago. Abdominal ultrasonography +detected a large incidental mass in the right renal sinus during his +investigation for nephrolithiasis. The lesion extending from renal pelvis down to +pelvis was resected and its histopathological findings were compatible with +massive localized lymphedema. +CONCLUSIONS: Retroperitoneum has to be added to the list of locations that MLL +can be found. Liposarcoma will be a challenging differential diagnosis when the +lesion is encountered in an unusual site. + +DOI: 10.1186/s13000-018-0769-x +PMCID: PMC6247625 +PMID: 30458829 + + +13. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Nov 20. doi: 10.1002/dc.24022. [Epub ahead of print] + +Prevalence of high-risk human papilloma virus in liquid-based cervical samples +from Turkish women with normal and abnormal cytology. + +Seneldir H(1), Kir G(1). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Research and Training Hospital, +Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human +papilloma virus (HPV) infection from Turkish women with normal and abnormal +cytology. +METHODS: Our study population consisted of 1252 women with normal and abnormal +cytology. In our clinic, cervical cancer screening was performed by liquid-based +cytology testing (ThinPrep Pap Test). Reflex high-risk (HR) HPV testing (Cervista +HPV HR and HPV 16/18) was performed in cases with abnormal cytology (n = 330). HR +HPV testing was performed to 922 cases with normal cytology. +RESULTS: HR HPV was detected in 18.7% of negative for intraepithelial lesion or +malignancy (NILM) samples, and in 79.7% of abnormal cytology cases. HPV types 16 +and/or 18 were found in 18.6% and 35.3% of normal cytology cases and abnormal +cytology cases, respectively. Of all 435 HR HPV-positive samples, HPV type 16 +and/or 18 prevalence was significantly higher in cases with more severe +cytological abnormalities. +CONCLUSIONS: The HPV prevalence among Turkish women with normal and abnormal +cytology identified in this study largely concurs with those in other studies +throughout the world. HPV types 16 and/or 18 were detected significantly in +normal cytology cases in our study. We also found that, as has been previously +demonstrated, certain HPV genotypes (16/18) are associated with more severe +pathologies. However, larger epidemiological studies in different regions of +Turkey are needed to evaluate the accurate prevalence of HPV infection throughout +the country. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24022 +PMID: 30457213 + + +14. Hum Pathol. 2018 Nov 14. pii: S0046-8177(18)30433-7. doi: +10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.033. [Epub ahead of print] + +Targeted sequencing of Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma reveals frequent TERT +promoter mutations. + +Palsgrove DN(1), Taheri D(2), Springer SU(3), Cowan M(1), Guner G(1), Mendoza +Rodriguez MA(1), Del Carmen Rodriguez Pena M(4), Wang Y(5), Kinde I(5), Ricardo +BFP(1), Cunha I(6), Fujita K(7), Ertoy D(8), Kinzler KW(3), Bivalacqua TJ(9), +Papadopoulos N(3), Vogelstein B(3), Netto GJ(10). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United +States 21287. +(2)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United +States 21287; Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, +Isfahan, Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan, Iran 81746 73461. +(3)Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States +21287; The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and Sidney Kimmel +Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States 21287. +(4)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United +States 21287; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, +Birmingham, AL, United States 35249. +(5)The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and Sidney Kimmel +Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States 21287. +(6)Department of Pathology, Rede D'OR São Luiz, São Paulo, Brazil 03313-000. +(7)Department of Urology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 565-0871. +(8)Department of Pathology, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey 34450. +(9)Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States +21287. +(10)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United +States 21287; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, +Birmingham, AL, United States 35249. Electronic address: gnetto@uabmc.edu. + +Activating mutations in the promoter of the telomerase reverse transcriptase +(TERT) gene are the most common genetic alterations in urothelial carcinoma (UC) +of the bladder and upper urinary tract. While the cadherin 1 (CDH1) gene is +commonly mutated in the clinically aggressive plasmacytoid variant of urothelial +carcinoma (PUC), little is known about their TERT promoter mutation status. A +retrospective search of our archives for PUC and UC with plasmacytoid and/or +signet ring cell features (2007-2014) was performed. Ten specimens from 10 +patients had archived material available for DNA analysis and were included in +the study. Intratumoral areas of non-plasmacytoid histology were also evaluated +when present. Samples were analyzed for TERT promoter mutations with Safe-SeqS, a +sequencing error-reduction technology, and sequenced using a targeted panel of +the 10 most commonly mutated genes in bladder cancer on the Illumina MiSeq +platform. TERT promoter mutations were detected in specimens with pure and focal +plasmacytoid features (6 of 10). Similar to conventional UC, the predominant +mutation identified was g.1295228C>T. In heterogeneous tumors with focal variant +histology, concordant mutations were found in plasmacytoid and corresponding +conventional, glandular, or sarcomatoid areas. Co-occurring mutations in tumor +protein p53 (TP53, 2 cases) and kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) viral proto-oncogene +(1 case) were also detected. TERT promoter mutations are frequently present in +PUC, which provides further evidence that TERT promoter mutations are common +events in bladder cancer, regardless of histologic subtype, and supports their +inclusion in any liquid biopsy assay for bladder cancer. + +Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.033 +PMID: 30447301 + + +15. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Nov 16. doi: 10.1002/dc.24029. [Epub ahead of print] + +Does the 'equal management of equal risks' model cause overtreatment in patients +with positive cervical cytology results for ASCUS/non-HPV16/18 oncogenic types? + +Karaca İ(1), Öztürk M(1), Comba C(1), Demirayak G(1), Erdoğan ŞV(1), Hoşgören +M(1), Özdemir İA(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Teaching and +Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: According to the American Society of Colposcopy and Cervical +Pathology (ASCCP), cervical cytology patients who test positive for atypical +squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and the human papilloma virus +(HPV) positive are recommended to undergo colposcopies. This study compared the +colposcopic biopsy evaluation results of patients with positive cervical cytology +results for ASCUS and HPV with regards to their HPV genotypes. +METHODS: This study included 179 patients who underwent cervical cancer screening +tests between June 2015 and June 2017 and whose results displayed positive +cervical cervical cytology results for ASCUS and HPV. Cytological samples were +classified using the Bethesda system in liquid-based specimens. The Hybrid +Capture II system was used to define the HPV-DNA. Colposcopic diagnoses and +biopsy results were compared in terms of the outcomes of the Pap test and HPV +genotypes. +RESULTS: There were 107 ASCUS/HPV16/18-positive patients. Of the HPV 16/18 +positive patients; 28 (26.1%) patients were detected with CIN1, 8 (7.5%) patients +were detected with CIN2, 6 (6%) patients were detected with CIN3, and 1 (0.9%) +patient was detected with cervical cancer. Of the 72 non-HPV 16-18 positive +patients; 8 (11%) patients were detected with CIN1 and 2 (2.7%) patients were +detected with CIN2. +CONCLUSION: This study believes that the ASCCP recommendations, which state that +a 'colposcopy should be performed on all women with positive cytology for +ASCUS/non-HPV16/18 oncogenic types', is required to be revised. This will reduce +the rate of the colposcopy procedures by 40% in women with ASCUS/HPV positivity. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24029 +PMID: 30444320 + + +16. Cytopathology. 2018 Nov 15. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12654. [Epub ahead of print] + +Management of Cytological Material, Pre-Analytical Procedures and Bio-Banking in +Effusion Cytopathology. + +Engels M(1), Michael C(2), Dobra K(3), Hjerpe A(3), Fassina A(4), Firat P(5). + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. +(2)Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals +Cleveland Health Center, Ohio, USA. +(3)Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. +(4)Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of +Padova, Padova, Italy. +(5)Department of Pathology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Serous effusion fluid is one of the most commonly encountered specimens in +routine cytopathology practice. It provides invaluable information about the +patient and the clinical status; but to get the most of it, specimen handling and +processing must be carried out properly. Cytomorphology is the basis of a +successful analysis which should complemented by ancillary tests when needed. A +wide spectrum of ancillary techniques - ranging from immunocytochemistry and flow +cytometry to different assays of molecular pathology - can be applied to serous +effusions. This article describes the acquisition and management of serous +effusion fluids, methods for preservation and transportation, different +techniques of cytopreparation, application of immunocytochemistry, flow +cytometry, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), as well as DNA +extraction for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next generation sequencing +(NGS). Principles of bio-banking of effusion samples are also discussed which is +getting more important in correlation with the developments in personalized +medicine. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. + +This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12654 +PMID: 30430668 + + +17. Dis Markers. 2018 Oct 21;2018:2649392. doi: 10.1155/2018/2649392. eCollection +2018. + +The Evaluation of the Relationship between sTREM-1, VEGF-B, and VEGF Gene +Expression Levels with Disease Activity of Behçet's Patients. + +Harmanci K(1), Akan OY(2), Pirildar T(3), Ortan P(4), Ulman C(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Salihli State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. +(2)Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bozyaka +Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bozyaka Training +and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Biochemistry, Celal Bayar University, Turkey. +(5)Department of Rheumatology, Celal Bayar University, Turkey. + +Background: There is no specific marker that shows the disease activity in +Behçet's disease. +Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions and +sTREM-1 levels in association with the activation of Behçet's disease. +Study Design: Case-control study. +Methods: Clinical features of patients who applied in the rheumatology clinic and +were diagnosed with BD according to the international working group's criteria +were investigated. 30 healthy volunteers and 30 patients in the active period +according to the EBDCAF scoring were studied. VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions +and sTREM-1 levels were studied in the serum samples of the patients and the +control subjects. +Results: The VEGF-B expressions and sTREM-1 levels were higher in the BD than +those in the healthy group, but this difference did not reach statistical +significance. VEGF gene expression was statistically significant (p = 0.008). +Behçet's disease patients with oral aphthae, genital ulcer, eye, joint, vascular, +skin, and neurological involvement were analyzed separately as subgroups. We find +that VEGF gene expression level of Behçet's disease patients with joint +involvement (arthritis/arthralgia) and also VEGF-B and VEGF gene expression of +Behçet's disease with vascular involvement (DVT/thrombophlebitis) were +significantly higher (p = 0.035, p = 0.021). Each subgroup was analyzed with the +control group. We determined that VEGF gene expression in all subgroups was +significantly higher than that in the control group. At the same time, VEGF-B +levels of patients with genital ulcer and vascular involvement +(DVT/thrombophlebitis) were significantly higher than those in the control group. +Conclusion: VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions can be activity indicators for BD. +In addition, this study shows that new treatment options should be explored for +Behçet's disease patients with joint and vascular involvement. In the following +years, new treatment methods are needed to investigate for revealing the role of +the etiopathogenesis of BD and the activation and prognosis of VEGF by examining +this study and providing much more participation. In our study group, the sTREM-1 +levels were high but the results did not reach statistical significance. More +studies are needed with larger groups in order the highlight the exact role of +STREM-1 in Behçet's disease. + +DOI: 10.1155/2018/2649392 +PMCID: PMC6215573 +PMID: 30420902 + + +18. Hum Pathol. 2018 Nov;81:299-300. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.033. Epub 2018 +Jul 3. + +Atypical mitoses are present in otherwise classical pleomorphic lipomas. + +Babaoğlu B(1), Ercin ME(2), Kösemehmetoğlu K(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100 +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, +Trabzon, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100 +Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: dokemal@hotmail.com. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.033 +PMID: 30420050 + + +19. Exp Mol Pathol. 2018 Dec;105(3):395-403. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.11.003. Epub +2018 Nov 8. + +Smooth muscle cell differentiation from rabbit amniotic cells. + +Senel U(1), Coskun OS(2), Tuysuz EC(2), Sahin M(3), Bayrak OF(4), Cakmak B(5), +Tanriverdi HI(1), Kuskucu A(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa +University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755 +Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Yeditepe +University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Institute of Science Ataturk +University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755 +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa +University, 60100 Tokat, Turkey. +(6)Department of Medical Genetics, Yeditepe University Medical School, 34755 +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: aysegul.kuskucu@yeditepe.edu.tr. + +Amniotic fluid (AF) is the liquid layer that provides mechanical support and +allows movement of the fetus during embryogenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), +which have differentiation capacity, are also found in AF-derived cells at a low +ratio. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play an important role in organ function and +are frequently used in tissue engineering. We examined the differentiation of +AF-derived MSCs (AMSCs) into SMCs. AMSCs were sorted from cultured amniotic cells +and differentiated into SMCs using differentiation agents, including +platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and tumor growth factor β (TGF-β). +Characterization of differentiated SMCs was confirmed morphologically, +molecularly (via quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR] and +immunocytochemistry [ICC]), and functionally (using a contractile assay and +fluo-4 calcium signaling assay). Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds were +fabricated, and the attachment capacity of AMSCs was assessed via scanning +electron microscopy. AMSCs were successfully differentiated into SMCs. Our +results indicate that AMSCs change their morphology and exhibit increased +expression of ACTA2 and MYH11, which was confirmed via qPCR and ICC. Furthermore, +functional experiments revealed that differentiated SMCs had both contraction +ability and increased Ca2 concentration in the cytoplasm. Finally, PLGA scaffolds +were prepared and AMSCs were successfully planted onto the scaffolds. The AMSCs +fully differentiated into functional SMCs, and the PLGA polymer is a suitable +scaffold material for AMSCs. With further clinical trials, AF-derived MSC-based +SMC engineering may become a highly efficient treatment option. + +Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.11.003 +PMID: 30414978 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +20. Histol Histopathol. 2018 Nov 5:18056. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-056. [Epub ahead of +print] + +4-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxymethyl)phenyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside effect in liver +regeneration. + +Firat T(1), Söyler G(2), Töre F(3), Şit M(4), Kiyan A(5), Özgen U(6), Kükner +A(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet +Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey. +(2)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East +University, Nicosia, Cyprus. +(3)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, +Bolu, Turkey. +(5)Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal +University, Bolu, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical +University, Trabzon, Turkey. +(7)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East +University, Nicosia, Cyprus. akukner@hotmail.com. + +Following an injury or resection, the mammalian liver has the capacity to regain +its former volume and functioning by restoring itself. Studies have demonstrated +that antioxidants play a role in hepatic regeneration. This study investigated +the effect of 4-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxymethyl) phenyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG) +obtained from Origanum micranthum on liver regeneration. Sixty Wistar Albino rats +were used. In the sham-operated group, a midline abdominal laparotomy was +performed without hepatectomy. In the partial hepatectomy (PHx) group, the median +and left lateral lobes were removed. Rats in the PHx group received 20 mg/kg/day +PG intraperitoneally before being sacrificed at 24, 48, and 72 hrs, and 7 days +later. Liver tissues were collected for immunohistochemical analysis and electron +microscopic evaluation. We found an increase in mitotic index, and the numbers of +Ki-67 stained hepatocytes in all PHx early stage groups (24 hr, 48hr, 72 hr), but +not in 7-day groups. The regeneration mediators eNOS, iNOS, TNF-α and NF-kB were +shown to increase in PHx groups. This increase was more prominent dependening on +time. In the PHx treatment (PHx+PG) groups, while eNOS was still high, iNOS, +TNF-α and NF-kB had decreased. The apoptotic index was markedly high in the PHx +groups; this was prevented by PG treatment. These findings were supported by the +ultrastructural results. Our findings indicate that PG supports liver +regeneration, hepatocyte proliferation, reduced liver damage, and inflammatory +mediators following PHx. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-18-056 +PMID: 30394506 + + +21. Mod Pathol. 2018 Nov 2. doi: 10.1038/s41379-018-0167-7. [Epub ahead of print] + +GATA3 immunoreactivity expands the transcription factor profile of pituitary +neuroendocrine tumors. + +Mete O(1), Kefeli M(2), Çalışkan S(2), Asa SL(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, and Department of +Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. +ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, and Department of +Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. +sylvia.asa@utoronto.ca. + +The modern classification of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors relies mainly on +immunohistochemistry for pituitary transcription factors, hormones, and other +biomarkers, including low molecular weight cytokeratins. The transcription factor +GATA2 is required for development of gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs but has not +been used for classification of pituitary tumors. Because of genomic paralogy of +GATA2 and GATA3, we postulated that GATA3 immunohistochemistry may detect GATA2 +in the adenohypophysis. We examined 151 tumors originating from Ondokuz Mayis +University, Turkey (n = 83) and University Health Network, Canada (n = 68). +Initially, 83 tumors (26 gonadotroph, 24 somatotroph, 17 corticotroph, 12 +lactotroph, 2 poorly differentiated Pit-1 lineage tumors that expressed TSH and 2 +null cell tumors) from Ondokuz Mayis University were investigated with the GATA3 +monoclonal antibody L50-823. Retrospective review of the files of University +Health Network identified 68 tumors (43 gonadotroph, 3 somatotroph, 2 lactotroph, +1 mammosomatotroph, 9 corticotroph, 7 poorly differentiated Pit-1 lineage tumors +with TSH expression, 2 plurihormonal tumors with TSH expression and 1 null cell +tumor) that were examined with the same GATA3 antibody and served as a validation +cohort. All somatotroph, lactotroph and mammosomatotroph tumors and the null cell +tumors were negative for GATA3. Sixty-eight (98.5%) gonadotroph tumors were +positive for GATA3; 64 had diffuse reactivity. Two plurihormonal tumors with TSH +expression and eight (88.8%) poorly differentiated Pit-1 lineage tumors with +variable TSH expression were positive for GATA3. One of 26 (3.8%) corticotroph +tumors was diffusely positive for GATA3. This study shows that GATA3 +immunoreactivity is characteristic of pituitary gonadotroph and TSH-producing +tumors. This finding expands the pattern of transcription factors that are used +to classify adenohypophysial tumors and is important in the differential +diagnosis of sellar tumors, as GATA3 expression is also a feature of primary +sellar paragangliomas as well as carcinomas that may metastasize to the sella. + +DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0167-7 +PMID: 30390035 + + +22. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2018 Oct 31. doi: 10.1111/nan.12528. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Histological heterogeneity in a large clinical cohort of juvenile idiopathic +inflammatory myopathy: analysis by myositis autoantibody and pathological +features. + +Yasin SA(1), Schutz PW(1)(2)(3), Deakin CT(1), Sag E(1)(4), Varsani H(1), Simou +S(1), Marshall LR(1), Tansley SL(2), McHugh NJ(2), Holton JL(5), Wedderburn +LR(1)(6)(7), Jacques TS(8)(9); UK Juvenile Dermatomyositis Research Group +(UK-Ireland). + +Author information: +(1)Infection, Immunity, Inflammation Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child +Health, UCL London, UK. +(2)Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK. +(3)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British +Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. +(4)Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe +University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of Molecular Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, +UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. +(6)Arthritis Research UK Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology at UCL, UCLH and +GOSH. +(7)NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital. +(8)Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, Developmental Biology and Cancer +Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, UCL London, UK. +(9)Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS +Foundation Trust, London, UK. + +AIM: Juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) have been recently +reclassified into clinico-serological subgroups. Myopathological correlates of +the subgroups are incompletely understood. +METHODS: We studied muscle biopsies from 101 children with clinically and +serologically-defined juvenile IIM from the UK JDM Cohort and Biomarker Study by +applying the international JDM score tool, myopathological review, and C5b-9 +complement analysis. +RESULTS: Autoantibody data were available for 90/101 cases with 18/90 cases +positive for anti-TIF1γ, 15/90 anti-NXP2, 11/90 anti-MDA5, 5/90 anti-Mi2, and +6/90 anti-PmScl. JDM biopsy severity scores were consistently low in the +anti-MDA5 group, high in the anti-Mi2 group, and widely distributed in the other +groups. Biopsies were classified histologically as perifascicular atrophy +(22/101), macrophage-rich necrosis (6/101), scattered necrosis (2/101), clustered +necrosis (2/101), inflammatory fibre invasion (2/101), chronic myopathic change +(1/101), diffuse endomysial macrophage infiltrates (40/101), and minimal change +(24/101). MDA5 cases segregated with the minimal change group and showed no +capillary C5b-9-deposition. The Mi2 group displayed high severity scores and a +tendency towards sarcolemmal complement deposition. NXP2 and TIF1γ groups showed +a variety of pathologies with a high proportion of diffuse endomysial macrophage +infiltrates and a high proportion of capillary C5b-9 deposition. +CONCLUSION: We have shown that juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies have a +spectrum of histopathological phenotypes and show distinct complement attack +complex deposition patterns. Both correlate in some cases with the serological +subtypes. Most cases do not show typical histological features associated with +dermatomyositis (e.g. perifascicular atrophy). In contrast, more than half show +relatively mild histopathological changes. This article is protected by +copyright. All rights reserved. + +This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1111/nan.12528 +PMID: 30378704 + + +23. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Oct;46(10):859-863. doi: 10.1002/dc.24037. + +A comparison study of the reporting systems for salivary gland fine needle +aspirations: Are they really different? + +Montezuma D(1), Canberk S(2)(3)(4), Aydın O(4), Dermirhas MP(5), Vieira AF(2)(3), +Goksel S(4), İnce Ü(4), Schmitt F(2)(3)(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), +Porto, Portugal. +(2)Unit of Molecular Pathology, IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and +Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. +(3)Cancer signaling metabolism-Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, I3S, Instituto +de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. +(4)Department of Pathology subdivision of Cytopathology, Acibadem University, +Turkey. +(5)Medical Faculty of 4th year, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, +Istanbul, TR, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal. + +BACKGROUND: Recently a new system for reporting salivary gland fine-needle +aspiration (FNA) cytology was proposed, the Milan System for Reporting Salivary +Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC). Herein, we evaluated diagnostic accuracy of +salivary gland FNA, comparing the system previously used in our hospital with the +Milan system. +METHODS: Salivary gland specimens obtained between 2011 and 2017 were +reclassified according to MSRSGC. Risk of malignancy for each diagnostic category +was determined. Diagnostic yield of both classifications was evaluated. +RESULTS: The cases (n = 388) were classified according to the old system: +nondiagnostic (n = 28), benign (n = 246), atypical (n = 36), neoplastic (n = 57), +suspicious for malignancy (n = 7) and malignant (n = 14). The lesions were +distributed according to the MSRSGC: nondiagnostic (n = 28), non-neoplastic (n += 89), atypia of undetermined significance (n = 39), benign neoplasm (n = 156), +neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (n = 55), suspicious for malignancy (n += 7) and malignant (n = 14). When considering only benign and malignant cases, +both classifications showed the same sensitivity (62.5%), specificity (100%) and +similar accuracy (95.8%). Comparison between the two systems showed no +significant difference. +CONCLUSIONS: Salivary gland FNA has high diagnostic accuracy and assists clinical +management independently of the reporting system used, however, in some cases, +the use of Milan system could be beneficial, since it allows an enhanced category +stratification. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24037 +PMID: 30369104 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +24. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Oct 27. doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-0515-4. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Prognostic Importance of Tumor Deposits in the Ipsilateral Axillary Region of +Breast Cancer Patients. + +Durak MG(1), Canda T(2), Yilmaz B(2), Seker NS(2), Kokkoz SE(2), Alicikus ZA(3), +Akturk N(3), Gorken IB(3), Ellidokuz H(4), Sevinc AI(5), Saydam S(5), Sarioglu +S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, +Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey. merihguray@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, +Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Radiation Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Preventive Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University Institute of +Oncology, Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Department of General Surgery, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. + +Tumor deposits (TD) are irregular discrete tumor masses in adipose tissue, +discontinuous from the primary tumor, that are described in various cancers. The +incidence and/or prognostic value of TD in breast carcinomas have not been +studied so far. We reevaluated 145 breast cancer patients, diagnosed and treated +between 2001 and 2006 at our institution for the presence and incidence of TD. +Histologic type, grade, size of the primary tumor, estrogen receptor, +progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status of the +tumor, and presence of peritumoral lymphovascular invasion were included in the +data. TD were detected in 42 cases (29.0%). The mean age of the patients was +52.2 years (27-82). Most patients (79.3%) had either invasive carcinoma of no +special type (NST) or invasive lobular carcinoma, and most tumors (86.9%) were +either grade 2 or 3. After excluding TD from the number of metastatic lymph +nodes, the pN status of 9 patients changed. Univariate analysis of 110 patients +with follow-up information revealed that the new pN status (p = 0.036), presence +of local recurrence (p = 0.016) and TD (p = 0.003) were significantly correlated +with distant metastases. The median follow-up of the patients was 84 months +(5-161), 10-year disease-free survival and overall survival were 67.2% and 73.7%, +respectively. In multivariate analysis, presence of TD remained independently +associated with distant metastasis (p = 0.002). The probability of distant +metastasis was 3.3 times higher in patients with TD. These results emphasize that +TD are present in breast cancer patients, and that their presence should warn the +clinician in terms of possible distant metastasis. Therefore, presence of TD, the +evaluation of which is neither time consuming nor require sophisticated methods, +should be included in pathology reports. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0515-4 +PMID: 30368727 + + +25. Endocr Pathol. 2018 Oct 26. doi: 10.1007/s12022-018-9554-3. [Epub ahead of print] + +Comparison of Monitor-Image and Printout-Image Methods in Ki-67 Scoring of +Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. + +Dogukan FM(1), Yilmaz Ozguven B(2), Dogukan R(3), Kabukcuoglu F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mardin State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey. +fmdogukan@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences Sisli Hamidiye Etfal +Education and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Mardin State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey. + +Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET) are classified according +to tumor grade. Ki-67 and mitotic count are the two determinants of this +classification. Therefore, Ki-67 scoring becomes very important in classifying +the patients accurately. Eye-balling, counting of cells through the microscope, +automated image analysis systems, and manual counting of printed image are the +four major scoring methods in use. The aim of this study is to show the agreement +between monitor-image method (MIM) and printout-image method (PIM) of Ki-67 +scoring. In our study, 120 GEP-NETs from 85 patients diagnosed between January +2005 and July 2017 were evaluated. Thirty-seven cases with either polypectomy or +resection material were selected. Seven different scoring methods using either a +monitor-image or a printout-image were applied for Ki-67 scoring. They are as +follows: whole-PIM, 1/9-PIM, whole-MIM, 1/4-MIM, 1/6-MIM, 1/9-MIM, and 1/12-MIM. +In the comparison of Ki-67 scoring methods, intraclass correlation coefficients +ranging from 0.951 to 0.999 were found. The Bland-Altman analysis showed +near-perfect agreement between whole-MIM and whole-PIM as well as 1/9-MIM and +1/9-PIM. The level of agreements among the other methods were sufficient too, but +there was a relative decrease in the level of agreement as the area of counting +becomes smaller. The average application time decreased from 373.7 to 41.7 s +gradually as the scoring area becomes smaller. Our study shows that there is a +remarkable agreement between the MIM and PIM used in Ki-67 scoring. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-018-9554-3 +PMID: 30367334 + + +26. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Oct 25. doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-0498-1. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Blood Vessel Invasion in Endometrial Cancer Is One of the Mechanisms of Spread to +the Cervix. + +Kimyon Comert G(1), Basaran D(2), Ergin Akkoz H(3), Celik B(4), Sinaci S(2), +Turkmen O(2), Karalok A(2), Kandemir O(3), Turan T(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health +Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. +gunsukimyon@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health +Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training +and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and +Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. + +To evaluate the association between type of invaded vessels (blood or lymphatic) +and cervical involvement in endometrial cancer (EC). Pathological slides of 93 +patients with EC who had vascular space invasion in hematoxylin-eosin staining +underwent immunohistochemical assay with CD31 and podoplanin. CD31 and podoplanin +were used to identify blood and lymphatic invaded vessels, respectively. Cervical +stromal invasion (CSI) was determined in 21 (30%) patients. The rate of +CD31-positivity was significantly higher in patients with CSI than without (76.2 +and 34.7%, p = 0.001; respectively). Podoplanin-positivity was determined in 47.6 +and 81.6% of patients with and without CSI, respectively (p = 0.005). Age, +myometrial invasion and the combination of CD31-positivity with +podoplanin-negativity were found as independent predictors for CSI. Blood vessel +invasion is an important factor for CSI in EC. Blood vessel invasion rather than +lymphatic vessel invasion is one of the predominant ways by which EC spreads to +the cervix. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0498-1 +PMID: 30361902 + + +27. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Oct 25:1-6. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1520944. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Prenatal Diagnosis of Merosin-Deficient Muscular Dystrophy. + +Fadiloglu E(1), Ozten G(1), Unal C(1), Talim B(2), Topaloglu H(3), Beksac MS(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Division of Perinatology , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ankara +, Turkey. +(2)b Division of Pediatric Pathology , Department of Pediatrics , Ankara , +Turkey. +(3)c Division of Pediatric Neurology , Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe +University Medical Faculty , Ankara , Turkey. + +GOAL: We evaluated the potential for prenatal diagnosis of merosin-negative +muscular dystrophies by immunohistochemistry. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 12 pregnancies with +merosin-negative muscular dystrophy in a prior child. Chorionic villus sampling +(CVS) was performed between 11th to 13th gestational weeks. Merosin +immunohistochemical studies were performed on trophoblastic cells. +RESULTS: Two of 12 were "merosin-negative," both were from the same family. Fetal +ultrasonographies were evaluated as normal in these pregnancies. Eight of the 10 +merosin-positive cases delivered healthy babies. Two were lost to follow-up. +CONCLUSION: Prenatal diagnosis of merosin-negative muscular dystrophies can be +accomplished by immunohistochemical analysis. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1520944 +PMID: 30358464 + + +28. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Dec;46(12):1031-1035. doi: 10.1002/dc.24096. Epub 2018 Oct +24. + +Is routine ECC necessary in patients with HPV16 and normal cytology? + +Ureyen I(1), Toptas T(1), Uysal A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Gynecological Oncology, +Antalya Teaching and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Antalya Teaching and Research +Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: In the present study, we primarily aimed to correlate the colposcopy +results of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity and abnormal +cervical screening results. Secondarily, we attempted to define the role of +endocervical curettage (ECC) in the colposcopic evaluation of patients who had +normal cytology and HPV16, which is the most carcinogenic HPV type. +METHODS: This was a retrospective study analyzing the data of patients who had +colposcopies between January 2015 and May 2016 in the Gynecological Oncology +clinic of a single tertiary center. The data were evaluated to identify the +pathologies in patients with HPV positivity and abnormal cervical screening +results. A Colposcopic examination database was evaluated to obtain information +regarding the cervical transformation zone (TZ), which was divided into three +types by the International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy. The +binary variables were reported as counts and percentages. +RESULTS: A total of 1049 patients were included in the analysis. The median age +of the patients was 43 (range: 21-79). Cervical biopsies, ECC results, or both +revealed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2+ (CIN2+: CIN2, CIN3, and invasive +cancer) lesions in 22% (70/322) of the patients with HPV16 positivity, while this +ratio was 8% (6/78) for patients with HPV18. CIN2+ lesions were detected in the +2.5% of patients with HPV positivity for types other than 16 and 18, as well as +normal cytology. In the group of patients with HPV 16 and normal cytology, CIN2+ +results were observed in the ECC of 11% of the patients whose colposcopy was +normal regardless of the TZ type. Ten of the patients had invasive cancer. +CONCLUSION: The current study provides evidence for the possible role of routine +ECC in patients with HPV16, normal cytology, and a normal colposcopy. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24096 +PMID: 30353715 + + +29. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2018 Oct 16. doi: 10.1111/nan.12522. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Review: Challenges in the histopathological classification of ganglioglioma and +DNT: microscopic agreement studies and a preliminary genotype-phenotype analysis. + +Blümcke I(1)(2), Coras R(1), Wefers AK(3), Capper D(4)(5)(6), Aronica E(7)(8), +Becker A(9), Honavar M(10), Stone TJ(11)(12), Jacques TS(11)(12), Miyata H(13), +Mühlebner A(8)(14), Pimentel J(15), Söylemezoğlu F(16), Thom M(17). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany. +(2)Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. +(3)Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, +Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. +(4)Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität +Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. +(5)Institute of Neuropathology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany. +(6)German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research +Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. +(7)Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Academic Medisch Centrum (AMC), Amsterdam, The +Netherlands. +(8)Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands. +(9)Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, +Germany. +(10)Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, +Portugal. +(11)Developmental Biology and Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute +of Child Health, London, UK. +(12)Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS +Foundation Trust, London, UK. +(13)Department of Neuropathology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels +-AKITA, Akita, Japan. +(14)Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria. +(15)Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santa +Maria (CHLN), Lisbon, Portugal. +(16)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. +(17)Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy UCL Queens Square, Institute +of Neurology, London. + +Low-grade epilepsy-associated brain tumours (LEAT) are the second most common +cause for drug-resistant, focal epilepsy, that is ganglioglioma (GG) and +dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours (DNT). However, molecular pathogenesis, +risk factors for malignant progression and their frequent association with +drug-resistant focal seizures remain poorly understood. This contrasts recent +progress in understanding the molecular-genetic basis and targeted treatment +options in diffuse gliomas. The Neuropathology Task Force of the International +League Against Epilepsy examined available literature to identify common +obstacles in diagnosis and research of LEAT. Analysis of 10 published tumour +series from epilepsy surgery pointed to poor inter-rater agreement for the +histopathology diagnosis. The Task Force tested this hypothesis using a web-based +microscopy agreement study. In a series of 30 LEAT, 25 raters from 18 countries +agreed in only 40% of cases. Highest discordance in microscopic diagnosis +occurred between GG and DNT variants, when oligodendroglial-like cell patterns +prevail, or ganglion cells were difficult to discriminate from pre-existing +neurons. Suggesting new terminology or major histopathological criteria did not +satisfactorily increase the yield of histopathology agreement in four consecutive +trials. To this end, the Task Force applied the WHO 2016 strategy of integrating +phenotype analysis with molecular-genetic data obtained from panel sequencing and +450k methylation arrays. This strategy was helpful to distinguish DNT from GG +variants in all cases. The Task Force recommends, therefore, to further develop +diagnostic panels for the integration of phenotype-genotype analysis in order to +reliably classify the spectrum of LEAT, carefully characterize clinically +meaningful entities and make better use of published literature. + +© 2018 British Neuropathological Society. + +DOI: 10.1111/nan.12522 +PMID: 30326153 + + +30. Endocr Pathol. 2018 Dec;29(4):351-356. doi: 10.1007/s12022-018-9550-7. + +Cytomorphological Analysis of Thyroid Nodules Diagnosed as Follicular Variant of +Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: a Fine Needle Aspiration Study of Diagnostic Clues +in 42 Cases and the Impact of Using Bethesda System in Reporting-an Institutional +Experience. + +Trabzonlu L(1)(2), Paksoy N(3)(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit, +Kocaeli, Turkey. +(2)Pathology Department, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Izmit, +Kocaeli, Turkey. nadirpaksoy@gmail.com. +(4)Dr Paksoy's Private Cytopathology/FNA Practice, Hurriyet Cad. Safak Apt. +125/17, 41300, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey. nadirpaksoy@gmail.com. + +Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is the second most +common subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after classical PTC (cPTC). +Follicular thyroid lesions such as follicular adenomas/carcinomas, FVPTC, and +noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features +(NIFTP) pose some diagnostic challenges for FNAC. In this study, we aimed to +explore whether FNAC can demonstrate diagnostic clues by re-evaluating cytology +slides from histopathologically diagnosed FVPTC cases. A total of 42 patients +were enrolled in this study: patients were diagnosed with FVPTC via surgical +resection between 2006 and 2016, and all patients were subjected to preoperative +FNAC, which was conducted at either a private center or at the teaching hospital +of Kocaeli University and reported by the same cytopathologist (NP). Clinical and +cytomorphological characteristics were reviewed by both authors .Most cases +(76.2%) are diagnosed either Bethesda IV or V. The majority of cases had a high +cellularity (38/42; 90.5%), and the most frequent observations were monolayer and +large syncytial groups of cells (95.2%). While microfollicular structures were +observed in 30 (71.4%) cases, nuclear crowding and large naked nuclei were +observed in all cases. Nuclear grooves were sparsely detected in 23 (54.8%) +cases, and nuclear pseudoinclusions were detected in only six (14.3%) cases. +Because thyrocytes often have a mixed architecture in FVPTC, despite a distinct +follicular morphology, we believe that nuclear overcrowding, enlargement, and +hyperchromasia in cases presenting with increased cellularity are notable clues +for the cytodiagnosis of FVPTC. We believe that the primary aim of FNAC in such +cases is to give preoperative diagnosis as either category IV or V. Nuclear +crowding, monolayered clusters with large syncytial formations, nuclear +enlargement, and hyperchromasia are notable cytomorphologic clues for the +diagnosis of FVPTC on FNAC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-018-9550-7 +PMID: 30315491 + + +31. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2018 Oct 8. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000435. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Postmortem Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction Due to Butane Gas Intoxication in a +Child: A Case Report. + +Bugra A(1), Das T. + +Author information: +(1)From the Pathology Department, Forensic Council of Turkey, Ministry of +Justice, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Volatile substance addiction and toxic gas inhalation are now an important health +problem. The pleasure-based inhalation of butane gas, also known as lighter +refill gas, is especially prevalent among children and young people. The most +important reasons for this situation are that they are cheap and easy to obtain +and lack of legal supervision. The exhaled gas is absorbed through the alveolar +surface and rapidly enters the bloodstream and leads to clinical signs. It can +cause dizziness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, hallucinations, and euphoria in the +acute phase. In severe cases, bronchospasm, hypoxia, ventricular arrhythmia, +cardiopulmonary arrest, and death can occur. Our case is one of the rare cases in +the literature that was diagnosed by postmortem histopathological examination. +Our case is a 15-year-old girl who was found in front of a tobacco product store. +On gross examination, there was a hemorrhagic area under the aortic valve that +continued to interventricular septum. There was no coronary artery lesion. +Histopathological examination revealed hypereosinophilia and contraction band +necrosis in myocardial fibers, which was more intense in papillary muscle. +Immunohistochemical studies also supported early myocardial ischemic changes. +Upon toxicological examination, butane gas was detected in lung and blood +samples. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000435 +PMID: 30300163 + + +32. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Sep 27:1066896918802032. doi: 10.1177/1066896918802032. +[Epub ahead of print] + +How to Handle Lymphadenectomy Specimens to Identify Metastasis More Accurately in +Gynecologic Pathology. + +Kimyon Comert G(1), Dincer N(2), Usubutun A(3). + +Author information: +(1)1 Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, +University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)2 Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)3 Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. + +AIM: To identify the value of processing multiple sections to detect metastasis +in lymph nodes (LNs) dissected during gynecologic cancer surgery, and to evaluate +the sizes of metastatic LNs in each region to compare with the largest one. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 362 patients who had +gynecologic cancer with at least one metastatic LN. Slides of 627 metastatic LN +specimens were categorized according to the processing technique into single and +more than one section (MOS) groups. In the MOS group, the LNs were cut into 2 or +3 parallel slices because their greatest dimensions exceeded 0.5 cm. Sizes of LN +metastatic foci (MF) were measured and defined as follows: MF ⩽2 mm as +micrometastasis and MF >2 mm as macrometastasis. The largest LN diameters among +the metastatic LNs and the largest LNs in those regions were measured. Groups +were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. +RESULTS: Sixty-five (10.3%) of the metastatic LNs included in this study had +micrometastases and 40 (6.3%) of them had MF ⩽1 mm. The rate of micrometastasis +was higher in the MOS group than in the single-section group (11.8% vs 8.5%, +respectively). Twenty-eight percent (n = 175) of metastatic LNs were not the +largest, and 55.5% of those were less than 1 cm in diameter. +CONCLUSION: Methods of LN processing and macroscopic evaluation are not +standardized, and processing single sections from LNs may overlook +micrometastases. The detection rate of micrometastases can be improved by +processing multiple sections from LNs. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896918802032 +PMID: 30261787 + + +33. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Sep 27:1-6. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1492053. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Liver Cirrhosis in a Patient with Crigler Najjar Syndrome. + +Barış Z(1), Özçay F(1), Usta Y(2), Özgün G(3). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Baskent +University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Pediatric Gastroentrology, Hepatology and Nutrition , Mersin +University Faculty of Medicine , Mersin , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Pathology , Baskent University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara , +Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Crigler Najjar (CN) disease is a genetic disorder which results in +increased unconjugated bilirubin level. Liver parenchyma was previously +considered structurally normal. Recent reports describe significant fibrosis in +the liver parenchyma of patients with CN syndrome. +CASE REPORT: We present a patient with persistent unconjugated +hyperbilirubinemia, clinically diagnosed as CN-2, with a UGT1 A1 p. H39D +(c.115C > G) (His → Asp) mutation. She required hepatic transplantation at the +age of 17.5 years for biliary cirrhosis. Explanted liver histopathology revealed +regenerative cirrhotic nodules with dilated bile ducts filled with bile plugs. +CONCLUSION: CN can develop significant hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis requiring liver +transplantation. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1492053 +PMID: 30260719 + + +34. Pathol Res Pract. 2018 Nov;214(11):1868-1872. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.09.016. +Epub 2018 Sep 18. + +A study detection of the ROS1 gene fusion by FISH and ROS1 protein expression by +IHC methods in patients with ovarian malignant or borderline serous tumors. + +Aydin HA(1), Pestereli E(2), Ozcan M(3), Bayramoglu Z(4), Erdogan G(5), Simsek +T(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: hulya_ayik@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Gyneco-Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: epestereli63@gmail.com. +(3)Department of Gyneco-Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: muallao@yahoo.com. +(4)Department of Gyneco-Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: drzeynepbayramoglu@hotmail.com. +(5)Department of Gyneco-Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: gerdogan@akdeniz.edu.tr. +(6)Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: tsimsek@akdeniz.edu.tr. + +OBJECTIVE: ROS1 is an orphan receptor protein tyrosine kinase which is supposed +to undergo genetic rearrangement in carcinogenesis. In the current study, we +aimed to investigate the frequency and clinicopathologic features associated with +ROS1 gene fusion and ROS1 protein expression in patients with ovarian serous +carcinoma or serous borderline tumors. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue samples of 102 patients with high or low grade +serous carcinoma and borderline serous tumors were selected randomly from the +archives of Department of Gyneco-pathology, and analyzed for ROS1 gene +expression. (Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method was used to assess +ROS1 gene rearrangement, while ROS1 protein expression was analyzed using +immunohistochemistry. +RESULTS: The study consisted of 94 cases of high-grade serous carcinoma (92.1%), +2 cases of low-grade serous carcinoma (%2) and 6 cases of serous borderline tumor +(5.9%). ROS1 gene rearrangement analysis revealed that 4 patients (3.9%) were +FISH-positive; whereas the immunohistochemical analysis yielded only 1 patient +(0.9%) exhibiting faint positive expression of ROS1 protein. Given the low +incidences of ROS1 gene rearrangement and protein expression, their relationships +with clinicopathologic parameters could not be statistically analyzed. +CONCLUSION: Although rare, patients with ovarian serous carcinoma or serous +borderline tumor may exhibit ROS1 gene rearrangement and ROS1 protein expression. +Further large-scale studies are necessary to explore the clinicopathologic +significance of ROS1 gene expression in ovarian serous carcinoma. + +Copyright © 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.09.016 +PMID: 30249502 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +35. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Sep 24:1-7. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1502381. [Epub +ahead of print] + +First and Second Trimester Biochemical Markers in Maternal Epilepsy: A +Case-Control Study. + +Oksuzoglu A(1), Engin Ustun Y(1), Aktulay A(1), Yoruk O(1), Seckin B(1), Danisman +N(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health +Research and Education Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Our aim is to investigate whether the maternal serum levels of first +and second trimester serum analytes are altered in women with epilepsy in +pregnancy. +METHODS: Maternal serum biochemical markers (estriol, alpha-fetoprotein [AFP], +human chorionic gonadotrophin [hCG], free β hCG, pregnancy-associated plasma +protein-A) were compared in a series of 122 pregnant women with epilepsy and in a +cohort of 122 normal pregnant women. The serum samples were obtained between +11-13 6/7 weeks and 16-18 weeks gestation. +RESULTS: Second trimester serum estriol levels, expressed as multiples of the +median (MoM), in the epileptic group (1.55 ± 0.77 MoM) were significantly higher +than those in the control patients (1.13 ± 0.40 MoM) (p < 0.001). Of the women +with epilepsy, 66.3% (n = 81) were exposed to antiepileptic drugs. +CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that otherwise uncomplicated pregnant epileptic +women had higher second trimester (18-20 weeks of gestation) estriol levels +compared to non-epileptic pregnant women. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1502381 +PMID: 30247941 + + +36. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018 Dec;37:47-50. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.09.006. Epub +2018 Sep 12. + +Analysis of clinical and pathological findings in inflammatory fibroid polyps of +the gastrointestinal system: A series of 69 cases. + +Unal Kocabey D(1), Cakir E(2), Dirilenoglu F(3), Bolat Kucukzeybek B(2), Ekinci +N(2), Akder Sari A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: dyg.unl@gmail.com. +(2)Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Nicosia, +Cyprus. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.09.006 +PMID: 30245331 + + +37. Cytopathology. 2018 Sep 22. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12635. [Epub ahead of print] + +Are thyroid nodules with spongiform morphology always benign? + +Aydoğan Bİ(1), Ceyhan K(2), Şahin M(1), Çorapçıoğlu D(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Faculty +of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Cytology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy for evaluation of spongiform +nodules ≥20 mm or observation without FNA was recommended by American Thyroid +Association. However, this was a weak recommendation supported by moderate +quality evidence. We aimed to assess malignancy risk in spongiform nodules. +METHODS: From January 2015 to June 2016, an experienced endocrinologist performed +B-mode greyscale ultrasonography and observed 96 spongiform nodules among 3748 +ultrasound procedures. Power Doppler ultrasonography and ultrasound-guided FNA +were performed to 96 spongiform nodules. Both colour elastography and strain +ratio measurements of dominantly solid areas were performed. +RESULTS: All spongiform nodules had benign cytology. Fifty-two (54.2%) nodules +were ≥20 mm and 44 (45.8%) were smaller than 20 mm in maximum diameter. Presence +of ultrasonography features related to malignancy was rare; 2% (n = 2) +microcalcification, 9.4% (n = 9) taller than wide shape and 2% (n = 2) marked +central blood flow were noted. None of the nodules had two or more suspicious +features. Ultrasound elastography findings revealed that dominantly solid +components of nodules were usually soft as 66.7% had an elasticity score 1 +according to colour scale and mean strain ratio was 1.39 ± 0.99. +CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up with ultrasonography seems to be an efficacious method +even for spongiform nodules larger than 2 cm. Determination of soft appearance +according to colour map on ultrasound elastography and low strain ratio values of +dominantly solid areas may be useful to avoid unnecessary biopsies. + +© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12635 +PMID: 30244500 + + +38. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018 Dec;37:25-29. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.09.003. Epub +2018 Sep 10. + +Assessment of transurethral resection of the bladder specimens with pT1 +high-grade urothelial carcinoma for the predictor features of muscularis propria +invasion on radical cystectomy specimens. + +Kir GG(1), Girgin RBB(2), Soylemez Söylemez TT(2), Melemez MKK(3), Topal CSS(4), +Turan T(5), Caskurlu Çaşkurlu T(5), Yıldırım AA(5). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and +Research Hospital, Dr. Erkin Caddesi, Göztepe Egt. Ve Aras. Hastanesi Patoloji +Laboratuarı, 34720 Kadıköy, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: +gozkir@yahoo.com. +(2)Pathology Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and +Research Hospital, Dr. Erkin Caddesi, Göztepe Egt. Ve Aras. Hastanesi Patoloji +Laboratuarı, 34720 Kadıköy, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, Dr. Erkin Caddesi. Göztepe +Egt. Ve Aras. Hastanesi Patoloji Laboratuarı, 34720 Kadıköy, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Pathology Department, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Elmalıkent +Mahallesi, Adem Yavuz Cad. No:1, 34764 Ümraniye, İstanbul, Turkey. +(5)Urology Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and +Research Hospital, Dr. Erkin Caddesi, Göztepe Egt. Ve Aras. Hastanesi Uroloji +Klinigi, 34720 Kadıköy, Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.09.003 +PMID: 30236545 + + +39. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2018 Dec;14(4):450-459. doi: 10.1007/s12024-018-0029-0. +Epub 2018 Sep 19. + +Sex determination with morphological characteristics of the skull by using 3D +modeling techniques in computerized tomography. + +Dereli AK(1), Zeybek V(2), Sagtas E(3), Senol H(4), Ozgul HA(3), Acar K(2). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Pamukkale University, +Denizli, Turkey. akurtulus76@yahoo.com. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Pamukkale University, +Denizli, Turkey. +(3)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, +Turkey. +(4)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Pamukkale University, +Denizli, Turkey. + +Sex determination is a major area of investigation in forensic anthropology. As +technology has advanced, imaging methods such as computed tomography and magnetic +resonance imaging are being investigated as alternatives to conventional forensic +anthropological research techniques. This study aimed to investigate the +suitability of three-dimensional (3D) modeling of volumetric cranial computed +tomography (CCT) images for sex estimation from skull morphology. In this study, +CCT angiography images from the Department of Radiology 2017 archives were used +retrospectively, and 3D images were obtained after the reconstruction of 85 cases +of CCT images. The sex-dependent morphological characteristics of the skull were +evaluated by three blinded observers and scored on a scale of 1-5 points +according to the "Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains". The +accurate sex estimation rates of the first, second and third observers were 91.8, +92.9 and 92.9%, respectively. The rate of accurate sex estimation for males was +98-100%, while this rate varied between 83.3-86.1% for females. Consistency in +sex estimation between the three observers was 83.5%, with a Kappa value of 0.763 +(z = 12.2; p = 0.0001*). The glabella was the most effective morphological trait +used to estimate sex. The results of this study show that sex can be estimated +from morphological features in volume-rendered CCT 3D images. Thus, sex can be +estimated by digital images without the need for maceration processes, and the +transfer of digital data in place of physical material will make it possible to +gain expert opinions in forensic anthropology. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12024-018-0029-0 +PMID: 30232702 + + +40. Virchows Arch. 2018 Dec;473(6):725-738. doi: 10.1007/s00428-018-2456-4. Epub 2018 +Sep 19. + +"High-grade oncocytic renal tumor": morphologic, immunohistochemical, and +molecular genetic study of 14 cases. + +He H(1), Trpkov K(2), Martinek P(3), Isikci OT(4), Maggi-Galuzzi C(5), +Alaghehbandan R(6), Gill AJ(7)(8)(9), Tretiakova M(10), Lopez JI(11), Williamson +SR(12), Montiel DP(13), Sperga M(14), Comperat E(15), Brimo F(16), Yilmaz A(2), +Pivovarcikova K(3), Michalova K(3), Slouka D(17), Prochazkova K(18), Hora M(18), +Bonert M(19), Michal M(3), Hes O(20). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, +China. +(2)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Calgary Laboratory Services +and University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. +(3)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital +Plzen, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60, Pilsen, Czech Republic. +(4)Department of Pathology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. +(5)Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland +Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. +(6)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, +Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. +(7)Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, +Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. +(8)University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. +(9)NSW Health Pathology Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore +Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. +(10)Department of Anatomic Pathology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, +USA. +(11)BioCruces Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque +Country (UPV/EHU), Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain. +(12)Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. +(13)Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, +Mexico. +(14)Department of Pathology, Riga Stradin's University, Riga, Latvia. +(15)Sorbonne Université Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques Hôpital +Tenon, HUEP, Paris, France. +(16)Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. +(17)Biomedicine Center, Charles University, Medical Faculty and Charles +University Hospital Plzen, Prague, Czech Republic. +(18)Department of Urology, Charles University, Medical Faculty and Charles +University Hospital Plzen, Prague, Czech Republic. +(19)Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, +McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. +(20)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital +Plzen, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60, Pilsen, Czech Republic. hes@medima.cz. + +The spectrum of the renal oncocytic tumors has been expanded in recent years to +include several novel and emerging entities. We describe a cohort of novel, +hitherto unrecognized and morphologically distinct high-grade oncocytic tumors +(HOT), currently diagnosed as "unclassified" in the WHO classification. We +identified 14 HOT by searching multiple institutional archives. Morphologic, +immunohistochemical (IHC), molecular genetic, and molecular karyotyping studies +were performed to investigate these tumors. The patients included 3 men and 11 +women, with age range from 25 to 73 years (median 50, mean 49 years). Tumor size +ranged from 1.5 to 7.0 cm in the greatest dimension (median 3, mean 3.4 cm). The +tumors were all pT1 stage. Microscopically, they showed nested to solid growth, +and focal tubulocystic architecture. The neoplastic cells were uniform with +voluminous oncocytic cytoplasm. Prominent intracytoplasmic vacuoles were +frequently seen, but no irregular (raisinoid) nuclei or perinuclear halos were +present. All tumors demonstrated prominent nucleoli (WHO/ISUP grade 3 +equivalent). Nine of 14 cases were positive for CD117 and cytokeratin (CK) 7 was +either negative or only focally positive in of 6/14 cases. All tumors were +positive for AE1-AE3, CK18, PAX 8, antimitochondrial antigen, and SDHB. Cathepsin +K was positive in 13/14 cases and CD10 was positive in 12/13 cases. All cases +were negative for TFE3, HMB45, Melan-A. No TFEB and TFE3 genes rearrangement was +found in analyzable cases. By array CGH, complete chromosomal losses or gains +were not found in any of the cases, and 3/9 cases showed absence of any +abnormalities. Chromosomal losses were detected on chromosome 19 (4/9), 3 with +losses of the short arm (p) and 1 with losses of both arms (p and q). Loss of +chromosome 1 was found in 3/9 cases; gain of 5q was found in 1/9 cases. On +molecular karyotyping, 3/3 evaluated cases showed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on +16p11.2-11.1 and 2/3 cases showed LOH at 7q31.31. Copy number (CN) losses were +found at 7q11.21 (3/3), Xp11.21 (3/3), Xp11.22-11.21 (3/3), and Xq24-25 (2/3). CN +gains were found at 13q34 (2/3). Ten patients with available follow up +information were alive and without disease progression, after a mean follow-up of +28 months (1 to 112 months). HOT is a tumor with unique morphology and its IHC +profile appears mostly consistent. HOT should be considered as an emerging renal +entity because it does not meet the diagnostic criteria for other recognized +eosinophilic renal tumors, such as oncocytoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma +(RCC), TFE3 and TFEB RCC, SDH-deficient RCC, and eosinophilic solid and cystic +RCC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2456-4 +PMID: 30232607 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +41. Dis Markers. 2018 Aug 27;2018:5942368. doi: 10.1155/2018/5942368. eCollection +2018. + +A Novel Technique of Spectral Discrimination of Variants of Sickle Cell Anemia. + +Masilamani V(1)(2), Devanesan S(1)(2), AlQathani F(3), AlShebly M(4), Daban +HH(5), Canatan D(6), Farhat K(7), Jabry M(3), AlSalhi MS(1)(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, +Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. +(2)Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and +Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. +(3)Hematology Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud +University and King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. +(4)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, King Khalid +University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. +(5)Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University +(Ladies Section), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. +(6)Hemoglobinopathy Diagnosis Center of Mediterranean Blood Diseases Foundation, +Antalya, Turkey. +(7)Cancer Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh +11451, Saudi Arabia. + +Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited blood disorder with worldwide incidence +of 15%; out of this, it is found in up to 20% in countries like Kingdom of Saudi +Arabia and Bahrain. The standard conventional method of detection is complete +blood count (CBC) followed by hemoglobin electrophoresis or high-performance +liquid chromatography (HPLC) or both. In this context, spectral detection of +variants of sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an innovative technique, which when made +accurate and reliable could be an effective alternative, since the +instrumentation is compact (5 kg) and hence portable. This makes mass screening +even in remote villages possible. In this paper, we give the essential aspects of +fluorescent spectral features of sickle cell trait (SCT), sickle cell disease +(SCD), beta (β) thalassemia trait (BTT) + SCD, and beta (β) thalassemia disease +(BTD) + SCD. All the above four major variants could be discriminated among +themselves and also from the normal control blood sample. All these analyses +could be carried out with 5 ml of blood, in a time period of 10 minutes. The +results of this paper give strong support for an alternative method, a spectral +technique, for molecular-level diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and other closely +related blood disorders. + +DOI: 10.1155/2018/5942368 +PMCID: PMC6129790 +PMID: 30224937 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +42. Pathol Int. 2018 Oct;68(10):550-556. doi: 10.1111/pin.12719. Epub 2018 Sep 9. + +Atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor: A clinicopathologic, +immunohistochemical, and molecular study of 20 cases. + +Bahadır B(1), Behzatoğlu K(2), Hacıhasanoğlu E(3), Koca SB(4), Sığırcı BB(4), +Tokat F(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, +Zonguldak. +(2)Department of Pathology, Acıbadem Health Group, Atakent Hospital, Istanbul. +(3)Department of Pathology, Şırnak State Hospital, Ministry of Health, Şırnak. +(4)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of +Health. +(5)Department of Pathology subdivision of Cytopathology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali +Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Lipomatous tumors accompanied by spindle cell component are not frequently +encountered, and there are still problems regarding their differential diagnosis, +nature, and nomenclature. To contribute to ongoing efforts, we present the +clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of 20 cases of +spindle cell lipomatous tumors with atypical features that may also be called +atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumors. Of the patients, 13 were men +and 7 were women with an average age of 57.5 years. The most commonly affected +site was the extremities. Twelve tumors arose in the subcutaneous tissue, while +eight cases were located in the deep soft tissues. Tumor margins were often +ill-defined with invasion into the surrounding tissues. Microscopic examination +revealed a wide spectrum of histologic features. All cases consisted of poorly +marginated proliferation of mildly atypical spindle cells set in a fibrous or +myxoid stroma with a variable amount of adipocytic component showing variation in +adipocyte size and scattered nuclear atypia and frequent univacuolated or +multivacuolated lipoblasts. Tumor cellularity and the relative proportion of the +components were highly variable. One tumor showed morphologic features evocative +of dedifferentiation and another one exhibited histological features resembling +pleomorphic liposarcoma. None of the patients had recurrence or metastasis at +follow-up. + +© 2018 Japanese Society of Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/pin.12719 +PMID: 30198097 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +43. Lab Invest. 2019 Jan;99(1):128-137. doi: 10.1038/s41374-018-0121-9. Epub 2018 Sep +3. + +An immunohistochemical approach to detect oncogenic CTNNB1 mutations in primary +neoplastic tissues. + +Akyol A(1)(2)(3)(4), Güner G(5)(6), Özşeker HS(5)(7), Işık A(8), Atcı Ö(9), Uzun +S(10), Atayar E(11), Ozaltin F(11), Gedikoğlu G(5), Sökmensüer C(5), Fearon +ER(12). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. aytekina@hacettepe.edu.tr. +(2)Transgenic Animal Technologies Research and Application Center, Hacettepe +University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. aytekina@hacettepe.edu.tr. +(3)Tumor Pathology Division, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. aytekina@hacettepe.edu.tr. +(4)Molecular Pathology Research and Application Center, Hacettepe University, +Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. aytekina@hacettepe.edu.tr. +(5)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Mardin State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey. +(7)Training and Research Hospital, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey. +(8)Transgenic Animal Technologies Research and Application Center, Hacettepe +University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(9)Biology Program, Department of Biology, Gazi University Faculty of Sciences, +Ankara, Turkey. +(10)Basic Oncology Department, Tumor Biology and Immunology Ph.D. Program, +Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(11)Nephrogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hacettepe +University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(12)Departments of Internal Medicine, Human Genetics, and Pathology, University +of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. + +The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is dysregulated in different types of +neoplasms including colorectal cancer (CRC). Aberrant activation of this +signaling pathway is a key early event in the development of colorectal +neoplasms, and is mainly caused by loss of function mutations in Adenomatous +Polyposis Coli (APC), and less frequently by β-catenin stabilization mutations +via missense or interstitial genomic deletions in CTNNB1. In this study, we have +defined an immunohistochemical algorithm to dissect Wnt pathway alterations in +formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded neoplastic tissues. Basically, consecutive +sections of tumor specimens were stained by immunohistochemistry with two +different monoclonal antibodies against β-catenin: one (anti-active β-catenin +antibody) recognizes hypo-phosphorylated β-catenin and the other recognizes the +total pool of β-catenin. We validated the strategy in the HCT116 CRC cell line +which has an in-frame deletion of β-catenin serine 45, and then studied human +tumor microarrays containing colon adenomas, CRCs, solid pseudopapillary +neoplasms of the pancreas as well as the whole tissue sections of CRCs, desmoid +fibromatosis, and pilomatrixoma of the skin. In some tumors, we found strong +β-catenin cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining with the total β-catenin antibody +but no staining with the anti-active β-catenin antibody. This was inferred to be +an altered/mutant β-catenin staining pattern. All six colon adenomas of the 126 +total adenomas studied for the altered/mutant β-catenin staining pattern had +presumptively pathogenic point mutations or deletions in CTNNB1. Four of 10 CRCs +with the alterated/mutant β-catenin staining pattern studied in depth, from 181 +total CRCs from tissue microarray, had pathogenic CTNNB1 mutations. The +frequencies of CTNNB1 alterations in non-colonic tumors with altered/mutant +β-catenin staining ranged between 46 and 100%. Our results demonstrate that the +immunohistochemical approach described here can detect oncogenic forms of +β-catenin in primary tissue samples and can also highlight other tumors with +presumptive novel defects activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. + +DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0121-9 +PMID: 30177831 + + +44. Am J Clin Pathol. 2018 Oct 24;150(6):507-511. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqy081. + +Evaluation of Ethanol Interference on Routine Biochemical Tests. + +Gümüs A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Objectives: Ethanol is a widely consumed drug in almost every society. In this +study, the potential interfering effect of ethanol on routine biochemical tests +was evaluated. +Methods: Serum pools were prepared from blood samples collected from patients +seeking treatment at the emergency department. Five separate groups were formed +by adding ethanol to the samples, so the final concentrations were negative: 50 +mg/dL, 100 mg/dL, 200 mg/dL, and 400 mg/dL. Each group was divided into 20 +portions, and routine biochemical tests were measured from each portion. The +coefficient of variation (CV), bias, and total error values were calculated for +the measured parameters. +Results: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.2) and lactate dehydrogenase +(LDH; EC 1.1.1.27) activities decreased in proportion to the ethanol level. High +negative biases were observed, suggesting a dose-dependent negative interference. +The total error values calculated for direct bilirubin and urea were higher than +the allowable total error reported in the Clinical Laboratory Improvement +Amendments of 1988. For direct bilirubin, it was observed that the cause of this +shift was due to the increase in CV values. +Conclusions: We conclude that ethanol may cause interference in the measurement +of some biochemical tests, whereas the most prominent effect was observed for LDH +and ALT. + +DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqy081 +PMID: 30169725 + + +45. Am J Clin Pathol. 2018 Oct 24;150(6):545-554. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqy082. + +Reference Intervals: Comparison of Calculation Methods and Evaluation of +Procedures for Merging Reference Measurements From Two US Medical Centers. + +Klee GG(1), Ichihara K(2), Ozarda Y(3), Baumann NA(1), Straseski J(4), Bryant +SC(5), Wood-Wentz CM(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. +(2)Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan. +(3)Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey. +(4)University of Utah, Department of Pathology, Salt Lake City. +(5)Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. + +Objectives: To analyze consistency of reference limits and widths of reference +intervals (RIs) calculated by six procedures and evaluate a protocol for merging +intrainstitutional reference data. +Methods: The differences between reference limits were compared with "optimal" +bias goals. Also, widths of the RIs were compared. RIs were calculated using +Mayo-SAS quantile, EP Evaluator, and four International Federation of Clinical +Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine methods: parametric and nonparametric (NP) with +and without latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE). Regression parameters from +cotested samples were evaluated for harmonizing intrainstitutional reference +data. +Results: Mayo-SAS quintile, LAVE(-)NP, and EP Evaluator generated similar RIs, +but these RIs often were wider than RIs from parametric procedures. LAVE +procedures generated narrower RIs for nutritional and inflammatory markers. +Transformation with regression parameters did not ensure homogeneity of merged +data. +Conclusions: Parametric methods are recommended when inappropriate values cannot +be excluded. The nonparametric procedures may generate wider RIs. Data sets +larger than 200 are recommended for robust estimates. Caution should be exercised +when merging intrainstitutional data. + +DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqy082 +PMID: 30169553 + + +46. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Aug 27:1-8. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1477886. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Umbilical Cord Diameter at the Junction of the Body Wall in the Newborn. Is It a +Biomarker for Congenital Umbilical Hernia? + +Ertürk N(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery , Mugla Sitki Kocman +University , Mugla , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The aim is to obtain normal newborn umbilical cord diameters for +use it in the evaluation of congenital umbilical hernia. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The umbilical cord diameter (UCD) at the abdominal wall, +maternal age, birth weight, gestational age at birth, birth height, head, chest +and abdominal circumferences, and the time of measurement after birth was noted. +RESULTS: Mean ± standard deviation and median (minimum-maximum) values of the UCD +were 9.9 ± 1.9 mm, 10.0 (5-16 mm), respectively. There was a significance for a +positive low correlation between birth height and UCD (p = .039, r = .143). No +other birth parameter had a significant correlation with UCD. The gender of the +newborn (p = .95) and the type of delivery (p = .056) did not affect UCD. +CONCLUSION: These data may be used in determining the normality of UCD, which +could be helpful in the evaluation of umbilical hernias. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1477886 +PMID: 30148418 + + +47. Diagn Pathol. 2018 Aug 25;13(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s13000-018-0742-8. + +Prognostic significance of the programmed death ligand 1 expression in clear cell +renal cell carcinoma and correlation with the tumor microenvironment and +hypoxia-inducible factor expression. + +Tatli Dogan H(1), Kiran M(2), Bilgin B(3), Kiliçarslan A(4), Sendur MAN(5), +Yalçin B(5), Ardiçoglu A(6), Atmaca AF(6), Gumuskaya B(4). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt +University, Ankara, Turkey. hayriyetatli@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Usak University, Education and Research Hospital, +Usak, Turkey. +(3)Department of Oncology, Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt +University, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt +University, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt +University, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common renal +malignancy. Hypoxia-inducible factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, are expressed in the +majority of ccRCC. Targeting immune checkpoints with the blockade of PD-1 and its +ligand PD-L1 reorganizes T-cell activity in tumor microenvironment and provides +important antitumor responses. PD-L1 upregulation has been found to be +hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) dependent. Our aim is to demonstrate the +association between PD-L1 and HIF expression and to reveal the role of PD-L1 in +prognosis and its association with tumor microenvironment. +METHODS: Surgical specimens from 145 patients diagnosed with ccRCC, who had +undergone radical or partial nephrectomy, were retrospectively analyzed. +Immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays (TMA) was performed to demonstrate +expressions of PD-L1, HIF-1α, and HIF-2α in tumor cells and PD-1, CD4, and CD8 in +lymphocytes to assess lymphocyte density in tumor microenvironment. +RESULTS: PD-L1 tumor cell expression was detected in 20/125 (13.8%) cases, which +correlated with higher levels of PD-1, CD4, CD8 and HIF-2α expression. Low or +high expression of HIF-1α was similar in PD-L1-positive cases. When +PD-L1-positive cases were compared with negative ones, there was no significant +difference in terms of prognostic factors. However, the number of WHO/ISUP grade +3-4 tumors was significantly higher in PD-L1-positive cases than in negative +ones. +CONCLUSION: PD-L1 tumor cell expression is strongly associated with increased +HIF-2α expression and presence of dense lymphocytic infiltration in ccRCCs. Our +findings confirm that PD-L1 positivity is associated with high ISUP nucleolar +grade. The association between PD-L1, HIF, and lymphocyte density in tumor +microenvironment must be clarified and especially taken into account in +combination treatment. + +DOI: 10.1186/s13000-018-0742-8 +PMCID: PMC6109459 +PMID: 30144808 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +48. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 Aug 21. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000543. [Epub ahead +of print] + +Expression of Immunomodulatory Molecules PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2, and their +Relationship With Clinicopathologic Characteristics in Endometrial Cancer. + +Sungu N(1), Yildirim M, Desdicioglu R, Başaran Aydoğdu Ö, Kiliçarslan A, Tatli +Doğan H, Kiliç Yazgan A, Akyol M, Erdoğan F. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology (N.S., A.K., H.T.D., F.E.) Obstetrics and Gynecology +(M.Y., R.D.) Biostatistics (M.A.), Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of +Medicine Department of Pathology, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital +(O.B.A., A.K.Y.), Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey. + +Chemotherapeutic agents are not very effective in treating advanced endometrial +cancers (ECs). Recent studies have demonstrated the immune evasion mechanism of +tumors and possible remedies. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed +death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) are immunomodulator +molecules that have been the focus of research in lung cancer, melanoma, and +renal cell cancer. However, there are few studies concerning EC. This +retrospective study aimed to determine PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 expression +immunohistochemically in EC, and to study their correlation with +clinicopathologic tumor characteristics. This study comprised 127 patients with +EC. Anti PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 antibodies were examined immunohistochemically on +sections obtained from tissue microarray paraffin blocks. No staining with PD-1 +in tumor cells was seen; however, we found positive staining in tumor cells at +36.2% with PD-L1 and 64.4% with PD-L2, and at 61.6% with PD-1, 36.2% with PD-L1, +and 93.2% with PD-L2 in immune cells. When comparing staining and +clinicopathologic findings , most of the PD-L1 negative tumors (both in tumor and +immune cells) were FIGO Stage I, which was significantly higher than stage +II-III-IV tumors (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant association +between the FIGO grade and the PD-L1 score in immune cells (P=0.009), and between +staining of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 and age (P=0.004, 0.013, and 0.043, +respectively). Interaction between PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 may be a potential +target for immunotherapy in elderly and advanced stage EC patients. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000543 +PMID: 30134343 + + +49. Virchows Arch. 2018 Nov;473(5):551-558. doi: 10.1007/s00428-018-2430-1. Epub 2018 +Aug 9. + +Discriminant value of IEL counts and distribution pattern through the spectrum of +gluten sensitivity: a simple diagnostic approach. + +Kirmizi A(1), Kalkan C(2), Yuksel S(1), Gencturk Z(3), Savas B(1), Soykan İ(2), +Cetinkaya H(2), Ensari A(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, +Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biostatistics, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. ensariarzu@gmail.com. + +Intraepithelial lymphocytosis (IELosis) with or without villous abnormality is a +characteristic feature of gluten sensitivity (GS) including celiac disease (CD) +and non-celiac-GS, although various conditions may also be associated with +IELosis. In order to distinguish GS from the other causes of IELosis, a threshold +for IEL counts is necessary. We aimed to determine a cut-off value for IELs and +monitor its value in the spectrum of GS in a large cohort. For this purpose, the +duodenal biopsies from four groups of individuals including Types 1 (n = 88) and +3 (n = 92) CD, non-CD IELosis (n = 112), and control (n = 82) cases, all strictly +defined by their clinical, laboratory, and serologic features, were evaluated. +The number of IELs/100 enterocytes and their distribution pattern on H&E- and +CD3-immunostained sections were assessed for each group. Kruskal-Wallis test and +ROC curve analysis for discriminant value were employed for statistics. The IEL +counts showed an increasing trend through the spectrum of mucosal pathology +including controls (12.06; 21.40), non-CD IELosis (28.62; 39.46), Type 1 CD +(49.27; 60.15), and Type 3 CD (58.53; 71.74) both on H&E- and CD3-immunostained +sections, respectively (p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed 20.5 on H&E and 28.5 on +CD3 as the IEL cut-off values with a sensitivity of 95.9 and 87.7% and a +specificity of 98.8% and 93.9%, respectively, for controls. IELs showed a diffuse +distribution pattern per biopsy piece and per villus (90.9%, 100%, respectively) +in nearly all of Type 1 CD cases (p < 0.001). An IEL cut-off value of 20.5 on H&E +together with a diffuse distribution pattern seem to be the most discriminant +features for the diagnosis of CD, even for the milder forms of the disease. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2430-1 +PMID: 30094491 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +50. Cytopathology. 2018 Dec;29(6):598. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12621. Epub 2018 Sep 11. + +Clinical approach for molecular testing on thyroid fine needle aspirates. + +Özden S(1), Er S(1), Tez M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgery, Ankara Numune Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12621 +PMID: 30084130 + + +51. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2018 Sep-Oct;42(5):440-447. doi: +10.1080/01913123.2018.1499685. Epub 2018 Aug 2. + +Does cigarette smoke exposure lead to histopathological alterations in the +olfactory epithelium? An electron microscopic study on a rat model. + +Sahin E(1), Ortug G(2), Ortug A(3). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine , Sakarya +University , Korucuk , Sakarya , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine , Bahcesehir University , Istanbul +, Turkey. +(3)c Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine , Istanbul Medipol University , +Istanbul , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the influence of smoke exposure of +variable duration on the ultrastructure of and histopathologic and morphologic +alterations in the olfactory epithelium. +METHODS: A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups +and fed a standard rat chow and tap water. Experimental rats in groups I and II +were exposed to cigarette smoke in a glass cabin over a period of 2 months for 5 +or 15 min, respectively, four times daily; control rats (group III) were not +exposed to cigarette smoke. After dissection, all tissue specimens were processed +using routine procedures for TEM. +RESULTS: Groups I and II exhibited the presence of intraepithelial inflammatory +cells and especially deep invaginations in the nuclear membrane of supporting +cells. Extended intercellular spaces, cytoplasmic protrusions on the apical +surface of supporting cells, atrophy of microvilli and olfactory neuron cilia as +well as numerous electron-dense granular structures and lysosome-like structures +were observed to an increasing degree from group I to group II. Particularly in +group II, both supporting cells and olfactory neurons exhibited a cytoplasmic +edema, mitochondrial degeneration, and numerous vacuolar structures, as well as +apoptotic and minimal necrotic changes. In this group, hyperplasia of basal cells +was also observed. +CONCLUSION: Our electron microscopic findings show that cigarette smoke leads to +toxic degenerative changes in the rat olfactory mucosa. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2018.1499685 +PMID: 30071177 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +52. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Aug 1:1066896918792620. doi: 10.1177/1066896918792620. +[Epub ahead of print] + +Comments on "Elastotic Lesions of Intestinal Subserosal Fat: Report of Two +Cases". + +Atamanalp SS(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896918792620 +PMID: 30066593 + + +53. APMIS. 2018 Sep;126(9):710-721. doi: 10.1111/apm.12878. Epub 2018 Jul 29. + +Hepatoprotectivity of Panduratin A against liver damage: In vivo demonstration +with a rat model of cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide. + +Salama SM(1), Ibrahim IAA(2), Shahzad N(2), Al-Ghamdi S(2), Ayoub N(2), AlRashdi +AS(1), Abdulla MA(1), Salehen N(1), Bilgen M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, +Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. +(2)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura +University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. +(3)Biophysics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, +Turkey. + +This experiment evaluated Panduratin A (PA), a chalcone isolated from +Boesenbergia rotunda rhizomes, for its hepatoprotectivity. Rats were subjected to +liver damage induced by intra-peritoneal injection of thioacetamide (TAA). PA was +tested first for its acute toxicity and then administered by oral gavage at doses +5, 10, and 50 mg/kg to rats. At the end of the 8th week, livers from all rats +were excised and evaluated ex vivo. Measurements included alkaline phosphatase +(AP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl +transferase (GGT), serum platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming +growth factor (TGF-β1), and hepatic metalloproteinase enzyme (MMP-2) and its +inhibitor extracellular matrix protein (TIMP-1). Oxidative stress was measured by +liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrotyrosine levels, urinary 8-hydroxy 2- +deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities. The +immunohistochemistry of TGF-β1 was additionally performed. PA revealed safe dose +of 250 mg/kg on experimental rats and positive effect on the liver. The results +suggested reduced hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activity as verified from the +attenuation of serum PDGF and TGF-β1, hepatic MMP-2 and TIMP-1, and oxidative +stress. The extensive data altogether conclude that PA treatment could protect +the liver from the progression of cirrhosis through a possible mechanism +inhibiting HSCs activity. + +© 2018 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12878 +PMID: 30058214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +54. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Sep;46(9):725-729. doi: 10.1002/dc.24036. Epub 2018 Jul +27. + +The new guidelines of Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology for respiratory +specimens: Assessment of risk of malignancy and diagnostic yield in different +cytological modalities. + +Canberk S(1)(2), Montezuma D(3), Aydın O(2), Demirhas MP(4), Denizci B(4), Akbas +M(5), Caliskan C(6), Tokat F(2), Ince U(2), Schmitt F(1)(7)(8). + +Author information: +(1)Cancer signaling metabolism-Epithelial Interactions in Cancer, I3S, Instituto +de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. +(2)Department of Pathology subdivision of Cytopathology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali +Aydınlar University, Kayısdagı cd. Atasehir-Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), +Porto, Portugal. +(4)Medical Faculty of 4th year, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, +Kayısdagı cd, Atasehir-Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Acibadem Laboratory, Kayısdagı cd, Atasehir- +Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(6)Acibadem University, Department of Interventional Radiology, Acibadem Mehmet +Ali Aydınlar University, Kayısdagı cd, Atasehir- Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(7)Unit of Molecular Pathology, IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and +Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. +(8)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal. + +BACKGROUND: In 2016, the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) issued a new +classification scheme for respiratory cytology. We aim to evaluate our samples +according to this classification and to assess risk of malignancy and diagnostic +yield of different cytological modalities. +METHODS: Respiratory specimens (sputum, bronchial wash/brush, BAL and FNA) +obtained between 2007 and 2016 were reclassified according to PSC guidelines. +Risk of malignancy for each diagnostic category was determined. Diagnostic yield +was evaluated based on three-categorical approach. +RESULTS: One thousand, two hundred and ninety respiratory specimens were +retrieved, of which 280 had histologic follow-up. Samples were reclassified as +nondiagnostic 16%, negative for malignancy 53%, atypical 5.4%, neoplastic (benign +neoplasm/low-grade carcinoma) 0.4%, suspicious for malignancy 2.1% and malignant +23.1%. Risk of malignancy for each category was 64.01% for ND, 48.27% for NM, +59.09% for A, 100% for N-B-LG; 90% for SM and 89.74% for M. When only malignant +cases were considered positive tests, cytology sensitivity was 55% and +specificity 88%. +CONCLUSION: Our results were in line with PSC guidelines, but the use of multiple +cytological techniques may cause some discrepancies in overall diagnostic yield +and in estimated risks of malignancy, which is important due to the widespread +utilization of different cytological procedures. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.24036 +PMID: 30051969 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +55. Hum Pathol. 2018 Dec;82:87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.07.015. Epub 2018 Jul +21. + +Distribution of dysplasia and cancer in the gallbladder: an analysis from a high +cancer-risk population. + +Koshiol J(1), Bellolio E(2), Vivallo C(2), Cook P(3), Roa JC(4), McGee EE(5), +Losada H(6), Van Dyke AL(5), Van De Wyngard V(3), Prado R(7), Villaseca M(2), +Riquelme P(8), Acevedo J(3), Olivo V(9), Pettit K(9), Hildesheim A(5), Medina +K(2), Memis B(10), Adsay V(11), Ferreccio C(3), Araya JC(12). + +Author information: +(1)Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and +Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Electronic +address: koshiolj@mail.nih.gov. +(2)Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, Temuco, 4780000 Chile; Department of +Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4780000 +Chile. +(3)Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad +Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330077 Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases +(ACCDiS), FONDAP, Santiago, 8380492 Chile. +(4)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica +de Chile, Santiago, 8330024 Chile. +(5)Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and +Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. +(6)Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, Temuco, 4780000 Chile; Department of +Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4780000, Chile. +(7)Pathology Service, Hospital de Curicó, Servicio de Salud del Maule, Curicó, +3342629 Chile. +(8)Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad +Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330077 Chile. +(9)Westat, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. +(10)Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA +30322, USA. +(11)Department of Pathology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(12)Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, Temuco, 4780000 Chile; Department of +Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4780000 +Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), FONDAP, Santiago, 8380492 +Chile. + +Gallbladder dysplasia can progress to cancer and may be associated with increased +cancer risk at other biliary tract sites. Thus, its accurate identification is +relevant both for etiologic understanding and for clinical purposes. Data on the +frequency and distribution of gallbladder dysplasia are lacking owing to limited +gallbladder sampling and inability to visualize dysplasia grossly. An expert +pathology group used consensus criteria to review 140 totally sampled consecutive +cholecystectomy specimens from Chilean women. Three cases (2%) revealed +incidental invasive carcinoma, all T2, along with high-grade dysplasia (HGD). The +surface areas covered by dysplasia or cancer in these cases were 9%, 37%, and +87%. Although the first longitudinal ("diagnostic") section of the whole +gallbladder captured HGD or cancer in all 3 cases, the deepest focus of invasive +carcinoma was not present in this section. Fourteen additional cases (10%) had +low-grade dysplasia (LGD), which was typically very focal (covering <5% of the +surface) and most often occurred in the fundus. LGD was not present in the +diagnostic section of 5 cases (38%) and would have been missed without additional +sampling. None of the cancers or dysplasias were grossly visible. Although HGD +and carcinoma are likely to be identified in "diagnostic" sections, accurate +staging requires total sampling. LGD is typically very focal and would often be +missed in routine practice. To identify cancer precursors, additional sampling, +particularly of the fundus, may be warranted. The predominance of LGD in the +fundus also provides etiologic insight, supporting the contribution of gallstones +and chronic inflammation. + +Published by Elsevier Inc. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.07.015 +PMID: 30036595 + + +56. Pathol Res Pract. 2018 Sep;214(9):1291-1296. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.07.010. Epub +2018 Jul 11. + +Prognostic significance of carbonic anhydrase IX overexpression in stage III +non-small cell lung cancer patients after neoadjuvant treatment. + +Ibis K(1), Saglam S(2), Saglam EK(1), Firat P(3), Yilmazbayhan D(4), Toker A(5), +Ozkan B(5), Hancer VS(6), Buyukdogan M(7), Disci R(8), Pilanci KN(9). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey. +Electronic address: saglam@istanbul.edu.tr. +(3)Department of Pathology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Turkey. +(5)Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(6)Istinye University, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey. +(7)Goztepe Medical Park Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(8)Department of Biostatistics, Basic Medical Sciences, Istanbul University +Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. +(9)Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Haseki Egitim Arastirma Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: To assess the prognostic importance of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), +a hypoxic biomarker, after neoadjuvant treatment in Stage III non-small cell lung +cancer (NSCLC) patients. +METHODS: Tissue CA IX expression was examined after surgical resection in 77 +patients who had undergone neoadjuvant treatment. The effects of CA IX +overexpression and other clinical factors on disease-free survival and overall +survival were investigated. +RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, number of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) +courses and gender emerged as significant independent predictors for disease-free +survival, where administration of 2-3 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) +(HR, 3.2 [95% CI 1.3-7.6], p = 0.009) and female gender were associated with poor +survival (HR, 3.2 [95% CI 1.3-7.7], p = 0.009). The only significant independent +predictor for overall survival was recurrence (HR, 5.6 [95% CI 2.4-12.8], +p < 0.001). On the other hand, CA IX overexpression was not associated with +disease free survival (p = 0.560) or overall survival (p = 0.799). +DISCUSSION: Our results do not suggest a prognostic role for CA IX overexpression +in stage III NSCLC patients who received neoadjuvant treatment. + +Copyright © 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.07.010 +PMID: 30029935 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +57. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 Jul 18. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000535. [Epub ahead +of print] + +Expression of Laminin Receptor 1 in Normal, Hyperplastic, and Malignant +Endometrium. + +Kurdoglu M(1), Kucukaydin Z, Kurdoglu Z, Bulut G, Unlu Y, Ozen S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kudret International Hospital (M.K.) +Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital +(Z. Kurdoglu), Ankara Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicana Konya (Z. +Kucukaydin) Department of Pathology, Konya Training and Research Hospital (Y.U.), +Konya Department of Pathology, Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van +(G.B., S.O.), Turkey. + +Laminin receptor 1 may have a role in the progression from endometrial +hyperplasia with or without atypia to endometrial cancer. Therefore, we aimed to +investigate the pattern, percentage, and intensity of laminin receptor 1 +expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrium. Paraffin blocks +of 131 specimens with the diagnoses of normal endometrium (n=25), endometrial +hyperplasia with atypia (n=21) or without atypia (n=55), and endometrial cancer +(n=30) were immunostained with laminin receptor 1 antibody, and its expression +percentage, pattern, and intensity in the epithelial cytoplasm, basement +membrane, and endometrial stroma of these tissues were assessed. When compared +with hyperplasia with or without atypia and endometrial cancer, the percentage of +nonstaining with laminin receptor 1 in the epithelial basement membrane was +higher (96%), and the percentage of <50% staining with laminin receptor 1 was +lower (4%) in the normal endometrium (P=0.001). While a progressive increment in +staining percentage and density of epithelial cytoplasm and basement membrane was +noted through an orderly progression from normal endometrium to endometrial +hyperplasia without atypia, endometrial hyperplasia with atypia, and cancer of +endometrium (P<0.001), such a relationship was not found for the staining +percentage and density of endometrial stroma (P>0.05). Disease +progression-related gradual increment in laminin receptor 1 expression in the +epithelial basement membranes of hyperplastic endometrium with or without atypia +and cancer of endometrium reveals that it may play a substantial role in the +transition from premalignant to the malignant state endometrial lesions. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000535 +PMID: 30028353 + + +58. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Jul 1:1066896918784650. doi: 10.1177/1066896918784650. +[Epub ahead of print] + +Unusual Histopathological Findings in Appendectomy Specimens: A Retrospective +Analysis of 2047 Cases. + +Unver N(1), Coban G(1), Arıcı DS(1), Buyukpınarbasılı N(1), Gucin Z(1), Malya +FÜ(2), Onaran OI(3), Topalan K(4). + +Author information: +(1)1 Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Turkey. +(2)2 Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General +Surgery, Turkey. +(3)3 Kesan Comminty Health Center, Edirne, Turkey. +(4)4 Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated cases of patients who had +undergone appendectomy in our hospital and aimed to present the efficiency of +diagnostic tests and demographic data of cases. Pathological reports were +analyzed for the following parameters: age, gender, and pathological diagnosis. +In addition, the demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients +with unusual histopathologic findings were evaluated in detail, and reanalysis of +archived resected appendix specimens was carried out. +METHODS: Files of 2047 patients (1329 males, 718 females, sex ratio: 1.85, age +range: 1-87 years, mean age: 26, 50 years), who had been operated with a +diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the emergency department of Bezmialem Vakıf +University Medical Faculty from November 2011 to June 2014, were retrospectively +evaluated. +RESULTS: Cases were separated into 2 groups. Cases with histopathologic +examination reported as acute appendicitis constituted group 1 (n = 2013, +98.34%), and cases with pathologic findings other than acute appendicitis +constituted group 2 (n = 34, 1.66%). The second group consisted of 8 low-grade +mucinous neoplasms, 7 mucoceles, 6 carcinoid, 5 granulomatous inflammation, 4 +intraluminal Enterobius vermicularis, 1 endometriosis externa, 1 adenocarcinoma +infiltrated to serosa, 1 mesenteric cyst, and 1 low-grade adenocarcinoma formed +in mucinous cystic neoplasm background. +CONCLUSION: Acute appendicitis is the most common emergency surgical condition. +Although most of the resected appendectomy specimens showed typical +histopathologic findings, some (1.66%) showed unusual histopathologic findings. +Even if the macroscopic appearance of the specimen is normal or acute +appendicitis, we suggest routine histopathological examination. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896918784650 +PMID: 30021480 + + +59. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Jul-Sep;61(3):443-445. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_577_17. + +Psammomatoid variant of juvenile ossifying fibroma. + +Aslan F(1), Yazici H(2), Altun E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, +Balikesir, Turkey. + +Juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) is a rare benign tumor of the craniofacial bones +differing from other fibro-osseous lesions in terms of early age of onset, +aggressive clinical behavior, and high recurrence rate. Histopathologically, it +is divided into two as trabecular JOF (TrJOF) and psammomatoid JOF (PsJOF). In +PsJOF, psammoma-like spherical ossicles constitute pathognomonic +histopathological images, whereas TrJOF has trabeculae of fibrillary osteoid and +woven bone. Despite the histopathologic separation, both lesions have similar +clinical behavior, thus the treatment procedure is also the same. Complete +surgical resection is preferred for the treatment. We report a rare case of PsJOF +involving the maxillary sinus and resultant facial symmetry in a 13-year-old +female child. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_577_17 +PMID: 30004078 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +60. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Jul-Sep;61(3):350-355. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_12_18. + +Immunohistochemical expression profiles of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in urothelial +tumors of bladder. + +Gonul II(1), Cakir A(2), Sozen S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medipol University Medical School, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. + +Background: Mucins may show aberrant expression, localization, and/or +glycosylation in multiple malignancies. However, information regarding expression +of these mucins is mostly unknown in urothelial tumors. +Aim: This study was conducted for examining the expressions of membrane +associated and secreted mucin (MUC1) and a secreted gel-forming mucin (MUC2) in +urothelial tumors of the urinary bladder. +Subjects and Methods: Archival transurethral resection materials of 97 urothelial +carcinoma cases were reexamined light microscopically and graded according to the +2004 WHO Classification. Pathological stage was given as pTa, pT1, and pT2. +Demonstrative sections were recut for immunohistochemistry for MUC1 and MUC2. The +results were statistically analyzed, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically +significant. +Results: The positivity for MUC1 and MUC2 was 89.7% and 44.3%, respectively. +Independent from pathological stage of the tumor, MUC1 expression showed +statistically significant correlation with tumor grade (P < 0.05). We did not +find any correlation between pathological stage and MUC1 and MUC2 expression (P > +0.05). MUC1 staining pattern in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant +potential cases was more commonly apical and superficial (luminal cell layer +only). Intermediate cells ± basal cells or isolated cells or islands of tumor +cells with cytoplasmic and/or circumferential membrane positivity for MUC1 and +MUC2 were more commonly observed in both low- and high-grade carcinomas. The +difference between groups in terms of MUC1 and MUC2 staining was statistically +significant (P < 0.05). +Conclusions: The staining patterns of both mucins are different between +urothelial papillary tumors and may be used to make a differentiation, especially +for low-grade papillary urothelial lesions. This difference may also be important +in the carcinomatous transformation of urothelial neoplastic and preneoplastic +lesions. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_12_18 +PMID: 30004053 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +61. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Jul-Sep;61(3):323-329. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_465_17. + +Evaluation of human epididymal secretory protein 4 expression according to the +molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor +2-positive, triple-negative) of breast cancer. + +Akoz G(1), Diniz G(1), Ekmekci S(1), Ekin ZY(1), Uncel M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Background/Aims: Human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) is originally +described as an epididymis-specific protein but more recently suggested to be a +putative serum tumor marker for some tumors, including breast carcinomas. In this +study, we aimed to investigate the interactions between HE4 expression and +molecular subtypes of breast carcinomas. +Methods: HE4 expressions were studied in 242 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded +breast carcinoma specimens and their association with different pathological and +clinical parameters was evaluated. +Results: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for HE4 was negative in 3 (1.2%) +cases, weakly positive (1+) in 7 (2.9%) cases, moderately positive (2+) in 58 +(24.0%) cases, and strongly positive (3+) in 174 (71.9%) cases. A correlation +between IHC HE4 staining grade and molecular groups was detected (P = 0.005). +Furthermore, it was found that HE4 expression was strongly associated with +histological tumor grade, c-erbB2 expression, and positive fluorescence in situ +hybridization test results that detect human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 +(HER2)/neu amplification (P = 0.022, P = 0.014, and P = 0.011). +Conclusion: This study showed that HE4 expression is associated with HER2/neu +amplification in breast cancers. These results may be commented as HE4 expression +rises in patients with HER2/neu amplification. As is known, HER2/neu +amplification is a poor diagnostic factor in breast cancer and HE4 expression is +possibly associated with poor prognosis. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_465_17 +PMID: 30004048 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +62. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Jul-Sep;61(3):319-322. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_416_17. + +Histopathological differences between primary Sjögren's syndrome and Sjögren's +syndrome accompanied by scleroderma. + +Kucuk U(1), Sarioglu S(2), Cetin P(3), Sari I(3), Birlik M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Rheumatology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Background: Investigation of morphological differences in relation with +serological variables between primary versus secondary Sjögren's syndrome +associated with systemic scleroderma (Scl-SS). +Materials and Methods: A total of 69 primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and Scl-SS +patients were grouped according to the American-European Consensus Group +criteria. Serum autoantibody information was obtained from the patient records. +Hematoxylin and eosin sections of the minor salivary gland biopsy were +reevaluated, and the lymphocyte focus score (FS), plasma cell focus, and fibrosis +rates were all evaluated. +Results: There were 43 pSS and 26 Scl-SS cases. Both biopsy and autoantibody were +positive in 16 pSS cases while only biopsy was positive in 25 cases and only +antibody in 1 case. Both biopsy and antibody were positive in 5 Scl-SS cases +while only biopsy was positive in 18 and only antibody in 3 cases. The plasma +cell focus was statistically significantly higher in pSS cases (P = 0.003). No +difference was seen between Sjögren' syndrome (SS) subtypes in terms of +lymphocyte FS, fibrosis, and autoantibody positivity. +Conclusion: We found that plasma cell focuses could be found more frequently in +pSS than Scl-SS. In addition, our study reveals that the coexistence of SS and +systemic scleroderma decreases the incidence of FS value ≥1 compared to pSS. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_416_17 +PMID: 30004047 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +63. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2018 Dec;39(4):351-353. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000416. + +Physical Findings Mimicking Sexual Abuse in a Drowning Patient Who Was Treated in +the Intensive Care Unit: A Report on a Fatal Case. + +Sener MT, Vural T, Sahpaz A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Erzurum Regional Center, The Council of Forensic Medicine, The Ministry af +Justice, Erzurum, Turkey. + +Specific or nonspecific findings of sexual abuse may be observed upon examination +of a child. Examination of the genital area is extremely important for the +identification of child sexual abuse (CSA). However, medical conditions detected +in the child's genital area may be misinterpreted as signs of CSA. Herein, we +present a case of a child with suspected CSA who was treated in the intensive +care unit. The following incidental findings were obtained upon anal examination: +dilatation, ecchymosis, laceration, and hemorrhage. This report aims to discuss +the anal examination findings that can mimic CSA. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000416 +PMID: 29952771 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +64. Neuropathology. 2018 Oct;38(5):457-462. doi: 10.1111/neup.12485. Epub 2018 Jun +28. + +Carbonic anhydrase IX is a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma multiforme. + +Cetin B(1), Gonul II(2), Gumusay O(3), Bilgetekin I(4), Algin E(5), Ozet A(6), +Uner A(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Recep Tayyip +Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Gaziosmanpaşa +University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey. +(4)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Dr. A. Y. +Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Ankara Numune +Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Gazi University +Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +The identification of prognostic factors in patients with glioblastoma multiforme +(GBM) represents an area of increasing interest. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX), a +hypoxia marker, correlates with tumor progression in a variety of human cancers. +However, the role of CA-IX in GBM remains largely unknown. In the present study, +we evaluated the prognostic role of CA-IX in GBM patients. In total, 66 +consecutive patients with GBM who received concomitant chemoradiotherapy and +adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide were retrospectively reviewed, and all +patients received temozolomide chemotherapy for at least 3 months. Kaplan-Meier +curves and log-rank tests were used for analysis of progression-free survival +(PFS) and overall survival (OS), and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model +was employed to identify factors with an independent effect on survival. The +median OS was longer in patients with low levels of CA-IX expression (18 months) +compared to patients overexpressing CA-IX (9 months) (P = 0.004). There was not a +statistically significant difference in median PFS (3.5 vs. 8 months, P = 0.054) +between patients with high or low levels of CA-IX expression. In multivariate +analysis, the variables that were identified as significant prognostic factors +for OS were preoperative Karnofsky performance scale score (KPS) (hazard ratio +(HR), 3.703; P = 0.001), CA-IX overexpression (HR, 1.967; P = 0.019), and +incomplete adjuvant temozolomide treatment (HR, 2.241; P = 0.003) and gross-total +resection (HR, 1.956; P = 0.034). Our findings indicated that CA-IX may be a +potential prognostic biomarker in the treatment of GBM. + +© 2018 Japanese Society of Neuropathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/neup.12485 +PMID: 29952031 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +65. Hum Pathol. 2018 Oct;80:247-248. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.029. Epub 2018 +Jun 22. + +Does ezrin play a predictive role in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy +and/or chemotherapy? + +Cihan YB(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiation Oncology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, +38010 Kocasinan/Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: cihany@erciyes.edu.tr. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.029 +PMID: 29940285 + + +66. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Jun 1:1066896918781719. doi: 10.1177/1066896918781719. +[Epub ahead of print] + +CD10, TDAG51, CK20, AR, INSM1, and Nestin Expression in the Differential +Diagnosis of Trichoblastoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma. + +Leblebici C(1), Bambul Sığırcı B(1), Kelten Talu C(1), Koca SB(1), Huq GE(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Trichoblastoma (TB) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are 2 different +neoplasms composed of basaloid cells and have overlapping histopathological +features. We compared the immunoexpression of CD10, T-cell death-associated gene +51 (TDAG51), cytokeratin 20 (CK20), androgen receptor (AR), insulinoma-associated +protein 1 (INSM1), and nestin for the differential diagnosis of these tumors. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed a total of 27 BCC and 27 TB cases, including 4 +TB lesions in nevus sebaceous and 3 malignant TB lesions for CD10, TDAG51, CK20, +AR, INSM1, and nestin expression. +RESULTS: Staining for CK20, TDAG51, INSM1, and stromal CD10 was significantly +more common in TB cases than in BCC cases ( P < .001). Epithelial CD10 and AR +staining was significantly more common in BCC cases than in TB cases ( P < .001). +The difference between the groups for nestin staining was not significant ( P > +.05). Stromal CD10 staining was the most sensitive marker (96.3%) and INSM1 the +least sensitive (55.6%) marker for TB. TDAG51 showed 100% specificity for TB. A +larger number of CK20 positive cells was found in the cases associated with nevus +sebaceous than in the other TBs. +CONCLUSION: All the selected markers except nestin were useful for the +differential diagnosis between TB and BCC. CD10 and TDAG51 were more useful than +the other markers. The use of CK20 could be preferred in nevus sebaceous lesions. +INSM1 was less effective in highlighting Merkel cells within the lesion than +CK20. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896918781719 +PMID: 29938548 + + +67. Hum Pathol. 2018 Oct;80:239-245. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 +Jun 11. + +Androgen receptor expression is a favorable prognostic factor in triple-negative +breast cancers. + +Zuo T(1), Wilson P(2), Cicek AF(3), Harigopal M(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, +USA. Electronic address: tao.zuo@yale.edu. +(2)Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, +USA. +(3)Department of Pathology, Gulhane School of Medicine and Training Hospital, +Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. + +Androgen receptor (AR) expression is an emerging prognostic marker that has been +observed in 25% to 75% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) that lack +estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 overexpression. TNBCs are +treated with AR-targeted therapies and standardized evaluation of AR expression +may help guide patient management. Basal-like TNBCs are a subgroup of TNBCs +defined by positive immunoreactivity for CK5/6 or EGFR that carry a worse +prognosis. However, it's unclear whether basal-like TNBCs have a different rate +of AR positivity or if AR expression is predictive of disease-free survival (DFS) +in this patient group. Here, we examined a total of 185 TNBCs for AR and CK5/6 +using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Among all samples, 32% were AR positive using a +1% cutoff, and 24% were AR positive using a 10% cutoff. Ninety (49%) TNBCs were +CK5/6 positive with lower intensity of AR expression compared to CK5/6-negative +cases. There was no significant difference in pathologic stage, tumor size, +histologic grade and type, or lymph node stage after stratifying by AR and CK5/6 +positivity. AR-positive TNBCs had better overall survival (OS) and DFS compared +to AR-negative TNBCs. In addition, increased AR expression carried a +dose-dependent effect on DFS. AR expression, nodal status and tumor size were +significant predictors of disease-free and overall survival in a multivariable +model adjusted for CK5/6 expression, age, histologic grade, and mitotic rate. In +conclusion, our data demonstrated that AR positivity is a favorable prognostic +factor for triple-negative breast cancers. + +Published by Elsevier Inc. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.003 +PMID: 29902579 + + +68. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Jun 3. doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-0437-1. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Significant Family History of Breast Cancer may Further Increase Risk of +Pre-malignant and Malignant Lesions in Specimens from Breast Reduction Surgery. + +Altundag K(1). + +Author information: +(1)MKA Breast Cancer Clinic, Tepe Prime, Cankaya, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. +altundag66@yahoo.com. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0437-1 +PMID: 29862473 + + +69. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2018 Aug;41(4):439-453. doi: 10.1007/s13402-018-0384-6. Epub +2018 Jun 1. + +Identification of biomarkers associated with partial epithelial to mesenchymal +transition in the secretome of slug over-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma +cells. + +Karaosmanoğlu O(1), Banerjee S(2), Sivas H(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, 26400, +Eskişehir, Turkey. oguzhankaraosmanoglu@windowslive.com. +(2)Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Letters, Middle East +Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, 26400, +Eskişehir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of +cancer-related deaths worldwide. Complete epithelial to mesenchymal transition +(EMT) has long been considered as a crucial step for metastasis initiation. It +has, however, become apparent that many carcinoma cells can metastasize without +complete loss of epithelial traits or with incomplete gain of mesenchymal traits, +i.e., partial EMT. Here, we aimed to determine the similarities and differences +between complete and partial EMT through over-expression of the EMT-associated +transcription factor Slug in different HCC-derived cell lines. +METHODS: Slug over-expressing HCC-derived HepG2 and Huh7 cells were assessed for +their EMT, chemo-resistance and stemness features using Western blotting, +qRT-PCR, neutral red uptake, doxorubicin accumulation and scratch wound healing +assays. We also collected conditioned media from Slug over-expressing HCC cells +and analyzed its exosomal protein content for the presence of chemo-resistance +and partial EMT markers using MALDI-TOF/TOF and ELISA assays, respectively. +RESULTS: We found that Slug over-expression resulted in the induction of both +complete and partial EMT in the different HCC-derived cell lines tested. Complete +EMT was characterized by downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of ZEB2. +Partial EMT was characterized by upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of +vimentin and ZEB2. Interestingly, we found that Slug induced chemo-resistance +through downregulation of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 and +upregulation of the ABC transporter ABCG2, as well as through expression of +CD133, a stemness marker that exhibited a similar expression pattern in cells +with either a complete or a partial EMT phenotype. In addition, we found that +Slug-mediated partial EMT was associated with enhanced exosomal secretion of +post-translationally modified fibronectin 1 (FN1), collagen type II alpha 1 +(COL2A1) and native fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG). +CONCLUSIONS: From our data we conclude that the exosomal proteins identified may +be considered as potential non-invasive biomarkers for chemo-resistance and +partial EMT in HCC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0384-6 +PMID: 29858962 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +70. Endocr Pathol. 2018 Jun;29(2):176-188. doi: 10.1007/s12022-018-9533-8. + +Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Hematolymphoid Neoplasms of +Endocrine Organs. + +Kuzu I(1), Dogan A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ahmet +Adnan Saygun Cad. No:35. Morphology Building, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. +isinsukuzu@yahoo.com. +(2)Hematopathology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York +Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA. + +The hematolymphoid infiltrations are challenging lesions in endocrine organs and +tissues. The fourth edition of WHO classification of tumors of endocrine organs +and the fourth edition of WHO classification of tumors of hematopoietic and +lymphoid tissues are recently published. The updates in both fields include some +new disease descriptions and prognostic markers. Our aim in this review article +is to give practical diagnostic information about the most frequently seen +hematolymphoid involvements of the pituitary gland, thyroid, and adrenal tissue. +We designed the text in the order of organs and the contents according to the +disease frequency. The pituitary gland and cellar region are the most frequently +involved with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Although it is very rare, +Erdheim-Chester disease has recently been included in the classification and +still needs more clear diagnostic definitions. Lymphoproliferative thyroid +lesions and presentations create diagnostic problems for the pathologists. +IGG4-related disease and its relation with thyroiditis is a new concept. There +are many unknowns on pathobiology of the disease spectrum and discussion on +defined diagnostic criteria of the IGG4-related thyroid diseases. The overlapping +features of thyroiditis and primary thyroid lymphomas also create diagnostic +difficulties. The frequently recognized primary hematolymphoid lesions of the +endocrine organs may not be difficult to diagnose since they are expected +lesions. The secondary involvement of hematolymphoid neoplasia may be more +difficult to diagnose for an endocrine pathologist. In this review article, we +aim to give brief description of the diseases and practical diagnostic approach +by using optimum markers guided by the latest WHO classifications. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-018-9533-8 +PMID: 29855797 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +71. Dis Markers. 2018 Apr 17;2018:3610239. doi: 10.1155/2018/3610239. eCollection +2018. + +Are Serum Mac 2-Binding Protein Levels Elevated in Esophageal Cancer? A Control +Study of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. + +Cobanoglu U(1), Mergan D(2), Dülger AC(3), Celik S(4), Kemik O(5), Sayir F(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Van Yuzuncu +Yil, Van, Turkey. +(2)Department of Thoracic Surgery, Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey. +(3)Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Faculty, University of Van Yuzuncu +Yil, Van, Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Van Yuzuncu Yil, +Van, Turkey. +(5)Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Van Yuzuncu +Yil, Van, Turkey. + +Objective: Elevated serum Mac 2-binding protein (M2BP) levels have been observed +in some cancers. As far as we know, its importance has not been investigated in +esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The investigated problem of this study +was to evaluate whether there was a difference between ESCC patients and the +control group in terms of M2BP. Also, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of +serum M2BP alone or in combination with the CEA for patients with ESCC. +Material and Methods: Blood serum samples were collected from 50 healthy donors +and 150 patients with ESCC. M2BP levels of all 200 samples were quantified by +ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Patients who had been diagnosed with +ESCC and did not have any other malignancies were enrolled to study. +Results: The two groups did not significantly differ in terms of age (p > 0.05). +In the control group, the mean serum M2BP level was 14.97 ± 3.46 ng/mL. The mean +serum M2BP level of the ESCC patients was 176.65 ± 22.14 ng/mL. The serum M2BP +level was significantly higher in patients with ESCC than in the control group (p +< 0.001). Gender was also comparable in both groups (p = 0.695). +Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrated that this marker may be associated with +the mechanism of the disease. Despite that serum M2BP is not a specific marker +for ESCC, it can be used as an adjuvant biomarker for the diagnosis of ESCC. + +DOI: 10.1155/2018/3610239 +PMCID: PMC5932443 +PMID: 29849819 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +72. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 May 29:1-6. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1472355. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Neuroencorine Tumor Arising within a Tailgut Cyst in an Adolescent Boy. + +Soyer T(1), Aydin B(2), Orhan D(3), Tanyel FC(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Hacettepe University , Faculty of Medicine , Pediatric Surgery , Ankara , +Turkey. +(2)b Hacettepe University , Faculty of Medicine , Pediatric Oncology , Ankara , +Turkey. +(3)c Hacettepe University , Faculty of Medicine , Pediatric Pathology , Ankara , +Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) within tailgut cysts (TC) are usually +seen in middle-aged females. A 14 year-old boy who underwent surgical excision of +NET within TC is presented to discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and +treatment options. +CASE REPORT: A 14-year-old boy with rectal bleeding and constipation had a 5 × 4 +cm mass detected upon rectal examination. The cystic mass was totally excised. +The histopathological evaluation revealed a low-grade NET within mucularis layer +of the cyst showing a positive immunhistochemical staining for cytokeratin and +synaptophysin. +CONCLUSION: Although, the malignant transition of TC is commonly observed in +middle age females, males and children can also be affected. This is first report +of a pediatric TC with malignant transformation. Total surgical excision of cysts +is mandatory for local control of the disease and chemotherapy should be reserved +for the patients who have positive surgical margins. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1472355 +PMID: 29843558 + + +73. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 May 29:1-5. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1472354. [Epub +ahead of print] + +Antenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Retinoid Syndrome at 20 Weeks of Gestation: A Case +Report. + +Erenel H(1), Ozel A(1), Oztunc F(2), Kizilkilic O(3), Comunoglu N(4), Uludag +S(1), Madazli R(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty , Obstetrics and Gynecology +Division of Perinatology , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics , +Division of Pediatric Cardiology , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology , +Division of Neuroradiology , Istanbul , Turkey. +(4)d Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty , Department of Pathology , +Istanbul , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Isotretinoin, a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, is one of the +most potent human teratogens, and is mainly utilized for the treatment of severe +recalcitrant nodular acne. Retinoic acid embryopathy is well defined in the +literature. +CASE REPORT: The mother was referred for a fetal posterior fossa abnormality, +first detected at 20 weeks of gestation. The mother used isotretinoin until +18 weeks gestation. Ultrasound examination revealed hypertelorism, cerebellar +hypoplasia, vermian agenesis, truncus arteriosus, anotia, thymic aplasia, corpus +callosum hypoplasia. An intrauterine diagnosis of fetal retinoid syndrome was +confirmed by fetopsy after termination of pregnancy. +CONCLUSION: The typical findings of fetal retinoid syndrome can be visualized +with ultrasound in early second trimester. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1472354 +PMID: 29843537 + + +74. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2018 Jul - Aug;35:37-47. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.04.005. +Epub 2018 Apr 16. + +Molecular and cellular insights into the pathogenesis of coronary artery ectasia. + +Ozturk S(1), Yetkin E(2), Waltenberger J(3). + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Ankara +06230, Turkey. Electronic address: selcukozturk85@hotmail.com. +(2)Private Yenisehir Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Mersin, Turkey. +(3)University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion +Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany. + +Coronary artery ectasia describes a local or diffuse dilatation of the epicardial +coronary arteries. This review summarizes the molecular and cellular mechanisms +involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery ectasia. Better identification of +the pathophysiologic steps will shed light into the clinical significance and may +have direct implications for the management strategies of this disease. +Additionally, understanding the underlying etiology may help to improve treatment +modalities specific to coronary artery ectasia. + +Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.04.005 +PMID: 29772448 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +75. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2018 May 16. doi: 10.1111/nan.12498. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Expression of myxovirus-resistance protein A: a possible marker of muscle disease +activity and autoantibody specificities in juvenile dermatomyositis. + +Soponkanaporn S(1)(2), Deakin CT(1), Schutz PW(1)(3)(4), Marshall LR(1), Yasin +SA(1), Johnson CM(1), Sag E(1)(5), Tansley SL(6), McHugh NJ(6), Wedderburn +LR(1)(7)(8)(9), Jacques TS(10). + +Author information: +(1)Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street +Institute of Child Health, London, UK. +(2)Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine +Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. +(3)Division of Neuropathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. +(4)Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, +Canada. +(5)Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe +University, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK. +(7)Rheumatology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK. +(8)NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, +NHS Foundation Trust and University College London, London, UK. +(9)Arthritis Research UK Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology at UCL, UCLH and +GOSH, London, UK. +(10)Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute +of Child Health, London, UK. + +AIMS: To evaluate the relationship between expression of myxovirus-resistance +protein A (MxA) protein on muscle biopsies by immunohistochemistry and disease +activity in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) patients. Also, another aim was to +investigate whether the expression of MxA is related with myositis-specific +autoantibodies (MSA) status in JDM patients. +METHODS: 103 patients (median aged 6.3, interquartile range 0.5-15.9) enrolled in +the Juvenile Dermatomyositis Cohort and Biomarker Study (JDCBS). Muscle biopsies +were stained with MxA and scored. Clinical data at initial presentation were +collected and autoantibodies were analysed. Multiple linear regression analysis +was performed to estimate the association between MxA expression on muscle fibres +and muscle disease activity, and MSA status. +RESULTS: Expression of MxA protein on JDM samples was identified in 61.2%. There +was a significant association between MxA scores and Childhood Myositis +Assessment Scale (CMAS) (P = 0.002), and Manual Muscle Testing of Eight Muscles +(MMT8) (P = 0.026). CMAS and MMT8 scores were significantly lower in the group of +patients with strong MxA expression. MxA scores differed according to MSA +subgroups (P = 0.002). Patients with positive nuclear matrix protein 2 +autoantibodies had strong MxA expression, whereas anti-melanoma +differentiation-associated gene 5 positive patients had no or weak MxA +expression. +CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the significant association between level of MxA +expression on muscle fibres and clinical measures of muscular disease activity in +JDM patients and MSA status. This confirms type I interferonopathies in muscle +fibres of JDM patients which could help with improving treatment outcome in JDM +patients and underscoring the distinct pathophysiological pathways in different +MSA status. + +© 2018 The Authors Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology published by John +Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Neuropathological Society. + +DOI: 10.1111/nan.12498 +PMID: 29770465 + + +76. Cytopathology. 2018 Oct;29(5):407-417. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12575. Epub 2018 Jun 14. + +Thyroid FNAC: Causes of false-positive results. + +Malheiros DC(1)(2), Canberk S(2)(3)(4), Poller DN(5), Schmitt F(2)(3)(6). + +Author information: +(1)Faculdade de Ciências, Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. +(2)IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of +Porto, Porto, Portugal. +(3)I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, +Porto, Portugal. +(4)Department of Pathology subdivision of Cytopathology, Acibadem University, +Atasehir-Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK. +(6)Medical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal. + +In this paper, we aim to focus on false positive results in the evaluation of +thyroid aspirations, covering cystic, inflammatory, follicular and oncocytic +lesions, papillary carcinoma, and medullary carcinoma of thyroid. The recently +described entity noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like +nuclear features is also discussed detailing the impact of its introduction on +the sensitivity and specificity of thyroid FNA, as well as the use of molecular +tests for diagnostics. Medicolegal issues in relation to current practice in +English law are also described. + +© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12575 +PMID: 29768677 + + +77. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Jun;37(3):177-183. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1461283. +Epub 2018 May 8. + +Are Congenital Urinary Tract Abnormalities Linked to Maternal +Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms in Fetuses of Intentionally +Terminated Pregnancies with Oligo- or Anhydramnios ? + +Beksac MS(1), Beksac AT(2), Buyukeren M(3), Tanacan A(4), Bektas H(5), Gucer +S(6). + +Author information: +(1)a Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , +Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Urology , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics , Hacettepe University , +Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , +Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey. +(5)e Department of Pediatrics , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey. +(6)f Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pediatrics , Hacettepe +University , Ankara , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate fetuses of terminated pregnancies with oligo-or +anhydramnios (OAH) to further investigate the association between maternal +methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and fetal urinary tract +malformations. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 16 pregnancies with OAH +(with normal fetal karyotype) that were intentionally terminated before 22nd +gestational week. Fetal autopsy was performed in all cases. We evaluated cases +for presence of DNA methylation pathway-related gene polymorphisms. +RESULTS: We demonstrated that renal abnormalities and disorders exist in 75% of +the cases. Pulmonary system anomalies and single umbilical artery were the most +frequently observed associated abnormalities. Polymorphisms with known reduced +MTHFR activity were found in 81.8% (9/11) of the cases.Association between +urinary system abnormalities and polymorphisms with known reduced MTHFR activity +was observed in 88.8% (8/9) of the cases. +CONCLUSION: Physicians should keep in mind that polymorphisms with known reduced +MTHFR activity may be associated with urinary tract abnormalities and OAH. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1461283 +PMID: 29737941 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +78. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Oct;24(4):941-945. doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-0416-6. Epub +2018 May 5. + +Seminal Cell-Free DNA Assessment as a Novel Prostate Cancer Biomarker. + +Ponti G(1), Maccaferri M(2), Mandrioli M(3), Manfredini M(4), Micali S(5), +Cotugno M(5), Bianchi G(5), Ozben T(6), Pellacani G(4), Del Prete C(5), Tomasi +A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine and Public Health, Division of +Clinical Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. +giovanni.ponti@unimore.it. +(2)Department of Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine and Public Health, Division of +Clinical Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. +(3)Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, +Italy. +(4)Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with +Interest in Transplant, Dermatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, +Modena, Italy. +(5)Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with +Interest in Transplant, Division of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio +Emilia, Modena, Italy. +(6)Biochemistry Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. + +Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) includes circulating DNA fragments, which can be obtained +from different human biological samples. cfDNA originates either from apoptotic +and/or necrotic cells or is actively secreted by cancer cells. As yet, a +quantification and size distribution assessment of seminal plasma cfDNA from +prostate cancer patients has never been assessed. To discover a novel, sensitive, +non-invasive biomarker of prostate cancer, through the fluorometric +quantification and the electrophoretic analysis of seminal cfDNA in prostate +cancer patients compared to healthy individuals. The concentration of seminal +plasma cfDNA in prostate cancer patients was 2243.67 ± 1758 ng/μl, compared to +57.7 ± 4.8 ng/μl in healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Electrophoresis sites +distribution patterns were different; ladder fragmentation was associated with +prostate cancer patients and apoptotic electrophoretic fragmentation with healthy +individuals. Human seminal fluid can be a valuable source of cfDNA in the setting +of liquid biopsy procedures for the identification of novel oncological +biomarkers. Seminal plasma cfDNA in prostate cancer patients is significantly +more concentrated than that of age-matched, healthy controls. Fluorometric +measurement and electrophoretic assessment allow a reliable quantification and +characterization of seminal plasma cfDNA, which can be used routinely in prostate +cancer screening programs. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0416-6 +PMID: 29730802 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +79. APMIS. 2018 Feb;126(2):99-108. doi: 10.1111/apm.12801. + +Coexistence of MACC1 and NM23-H1 dysregulation and tumor budding promise early +prognostic evidence for recurrence risk of early-stage colon cancer. + +Ozturk E(1), Aksoy SA(2), Ugras N(3), Tunca B(2), Ceylan S(1), Tezcan G(2)(4), +Yilmazlar T(2), Yerci O(2), Egeli U(2), Cecener G(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey. +(4)Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, +Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. + +The tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, the presence of a mucinous +component, and signet ring cells are well-known criteria for identifying patients +at a high risk for recurrence and determining the therapeutic approach for +early-stage colon cancer (eCC). Nevertheless, recurrence can unexpectedly occur +in some eCC cases after surgical resection. The aims of the present study were to +evaluate the relation of dysregulated MACC1, c-MET, and NM23-H1 expression with +the histopathological features of tumors in recurrence formation in eCC cases. A +total of 100 sporadic eCC patients without poor prognosis factors were evaluated +in this study. The relationship between the altered expression of MACC1, c-MET, +and NM23-H1 and pathological microenvironmental features, including the presence +of tumor budding and desmoplasia, were assessed. The primary outcomes, including +5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), were also measured. +Compared with nonrecurrent patients, the expression level of MACC1 was 8.27-fold +higher, and NM23-H1 was 11.36-fold lower in patients with recurrence during the +5-year follow-up (p = 0.0345 and p = 0.0301, respectively). In addition, the +coexistence of high MACC1 and low NM23-H1 expression and tumor budding was +associated with short OS (p < 0.001). We suggest that the combination of reduced +NM23-H1, induced MACC1, and the presence of tumor budding are promising +biomarkers for the prediction of recurrence and may aid the stratification of +patients with stage II colon cancer for adjuvant chemotherapy. + +© 2017 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12801 +PMID: 29700912 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +80. APMIS. 2018 May;126(5):371-379. doi: 10.1111/apm.12836. + +Triple negative breast cancer: new therapeutic approaches and BRCA status. + +Guney Eskiler G(1), Cecener G(2), Egeli U(2), Tunca B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Deparment of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, +Sakarya, Turkey. +(2)Deparment of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. + +Treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically challenging +problem due to intriguing clinical and pathologic features of TNBC and natural or +induced resistance to existing therapies. However, a great understanding of +features of TNBC particularly associated with BRCA mutations has led to the +development of different therapeutic approaches. Besides, identification of TNBC +subtypes contribute to investigation of the underlying molecular differences and +development of new strategies for the treatment of TNBC patients. In this review, +we discussed the definition and characteristic properties of TNBC. We summarized +an up-to-date description of the reported clinical trials of novel targeted +strategies especially PARP inhibitors (PARPi) due to novel and highly potent for +the treatment of TNBC. Additionally, we reviewed published studies which +investigated the prevalence and types of BRCA1/2 mutation in breast cancer +patients to assess and draw attention of association of BRCA status with TNBC. +Consequently, the definition subtype of TNBC has important predictive value for +the development of new therapeutic agents in the treatment of TNBC. Additionally, +the incidence and types of mutations in BRCA-related pathways may be affected by +ethnic origin and contribute to the risk of developing TNBC. + +© 2018 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12836 +PMID: 29696717 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +81. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Jun;37(3):147-156. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1453002. +Epub 2018 Apr 25. + +The Effect of the 50 g Glucose Challenge Test on The Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis +in Pregnancy. + +Mertoğlu C(1), Gunay M(1), Siranli G(1), Kulhan M(2), Gok G(3), Erel Ö(3). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan +University , Erzincan , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan +University , Erzincan , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit +University , Ankara , Turkey. + +AIM: A 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) is recommended for screening all +pregnant women for gestational diabetes mellitus. In this study, the effect of +GCT on the thiol/disulfide balance was investigated. +METHODS: One-hundred women that underwent a 50 g GCT at 24-28 weeks of gestation +(63 positive and 37 negative results) were evaluated in terms of thiol/disulfide +in serum samples at test hours 0 and 1. +RESULTS: Compared to the baseline values (hour 0), after the glucose load (hour +1), the thiol and native thiol/total thiol (p < 0.0001) of the GCT-positive women +were reduced whereas the values of glucose, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol, +disulfide/total thiol (p < 0.0001) and total thiol increased (p = 0.018). +CONCLUSION: In GCT-positive pregnant individuals, the glucose load increases +oxidative stress by changing the thiol/disulfide homeostasis. Such an effect is +not observed in healthy pregnancies. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1453002 +PMID: 29694252 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +82. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2018 May-Jun;42(3):246-254. doi: +10.1080/01913123.2018.1463337. Epub 2018 Apr 25. + +Impact of intranasal application of nerve growth factor on the olfactory +epithelium in rats with chemically induced diabetes. + +Yalim S(1), Dağlıoğlu K(2), Coskun G(3), Polat S(3). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Adana City +Training and Research Hospital , Adana , Turkey. +(2)b Experimental Research and Application Center of Medical Sciences , Cukurova +University , Adana , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Histology and Embryology , Cukurova Medical Faculty, Cukurova +University , Adana , Turkey. + +Recent studies suggest that nerve growth factor (NGF) protects olfactory cells +and axons from injury in vitro. Eighteen Wistar-Albino rats randomly divided into +three groups: control group, diabetic group without NGF, and diabetic with NGF. +Intranasal NGF (6 µg/day) was administered over a 5-day period. At the end of +30 days, the olfactory epithelium (OE) of NGF-applied diabetic rats regenerated, +the epithelium thickness was significantly higher, and caspase-3 expression was +not significantly different from the control. The current results demonstrate +that intranasally administered NGF significantly reversed OE morphological +changes in diabetes by decreasing diabetes-related cell death and inflammation. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2018.1463337 +PMID: 29693500 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +83. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Jun;37(3):141-146. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1453001. +Epub 2018 Apr 25. + +Serum Galectin 7 is Not Useful to Predict Abortion in the First Trimester. + +Cagli F(1), Uysal G(2), Oz L(3), Akkaya H(4), Aksoy H(5), Ulku Karakilic E(5), +Acmaz G(5). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Health Science +Training and Research Hospital , Kayseri , Turkey. +(2)b Adana City Research and Education Hospital , Adana , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Biochemistry , University of Health Science Training and +Research Hospital , Kayseri , Turkey. +(4)d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health +Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. +(5)e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Health Science +Training and Research Hospital , Kayseri , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Galectins are animal lectins that bind to surface glycoproteins +expressed at the fetal-maternal interface. The aim of this prospective +case-control study was to investigate the possible relationship between levels of +maternal serum galectin-7 and threatened abortion (TA) and to determine whether +serum galectin-7 had any prognostic value. +METHODS: This prospective study was conducted between August 2014 and February +2015. Included in the study were 31 consecutive pregnant women who were +hospitalized for TA between 6 and 14 weeks of gestation and 33 healthy +gestational age matched pregnant women without any symptoms of miscarriage. Serum +galectin-7 levels were measured via ELISA. +RESULTS: The mean serum galectin-7 levels of the two groups were not +significantly different (31 TA patients: 2.84 ± 0.43 pg/mL, 33 controls: 2.785 ± +0.32 pg/mL, p = 0.543). Six pregnancies in the TA group resulted in abortion +(19.4%). +CONCLUSION: Serum galectin-7 was not useful for predicting prognosis in TA. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1453001 +PMID: 29693486 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +84. Dis Markers. 2018 Mar 6;2018:9131432. doi: 10.1155/2018/9131432. eCollection +2018. + +Allergic Rhinitis and Its Relationship with IL-10, IL-17, TGF-β, IFN-γ, IL 22, +and IL-35. + +Bayrak Degirmenci P(1), Aksun S(2), Altin Z(3), Bilgir F(4), Arslan IB(5), Colak +H(6), Ural B(7), Solakoglu Kahraman D(8), Diniz G(8), Ozdemir B(9), Kırmaz C(10). + +Author information: +(1)Allergy Immunology Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Health +Sciences University, Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Biochemistry, Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Internal Medicine Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Health +Sciences University, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Allergy Immunology Department, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Katip +Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, +Health Sciences University, Izmir, Turkey. +(6)Nephrology Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences +University, Izmir, Turkey. +(7)General Surgery Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Health +Sciences University, Izmir, Turkey. +(8)Pathology Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences +University, Izmir, Turkey. +(9)Allergy Immunology Department, Manisa State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. +(10)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy Immunology, Manisa Celal +Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. + +Background: We aimed in our study to research the role of new cytokines such as +IL-35, IL-22, and IL-17 that may form a target for novel treatment approaches. +Methods: IL-10, IL-17, TGF-β, IFN-γ, IL-22, and IL-35 serum levels of allergic +rhinitis (AR) patients were measured using ELISA method. Allergic sensitization +was demonstrated by the skin prick test. Patients only with olive tree +sensitivity were evaluated for seasonal AR (SAR). Patients only with mite +sensitivity were included in the study for perennial AR (PAR). AR clinic severity +was demonstrated by the nasal symptom scores (NSS). +Results: In total, 65 AR patients (patient group), having 31 PAR and 34 SAR +patients, and 31 healthy individuals (control group) participated in the study. +Cytokine levels between the patient group and the control group were compared; +IL-17 (p = 0.038), IL-22 (p = 0.001), and TGF-β (p = 0.031) were detected as high +in the patient group, and IFN-γ (p < 0.001) was detected as low in the patient +group. When correlation analysis was made between age, gender, prick test result, +NSS, AR duration, and cytokine levels in the patient group, a negative +correlation was detected only between IFN-γ (p = 0.032/r = -0.266) level and NSS. +Conclusions: Accompanied by the literature information, these results made us +think that T cell subgroups and cytokines have an important role in AR +immunopathogenesis. It is thought that future studies to be conducted relating to +this subject will form new targets in treatment. + +DOI: 10.1155/2018/9131432 +PMCID: PMC5859791 +PMID: 29692871 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +85. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Apr-Jun;61(2):192-196. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_161_17. + +The determination of stage in nonmuscle urothelial carcinoma: Staining pattern of +caspase-8. + +Türk NŞ(1), Eskiçorapçi S(2), Aybek Z(3), Tuncay L(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Pamukkale University, Denizli, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Urology, Medical School of Acibadem University, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, Medical School of Pamukkale University, Denizli, +Turkey. + +Context: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is one of the most frequent epithelial tumors +worldwide. +Aims: We aimed to investigate the protein expressions of caspase-8, p53, murine +double minute 2 (mdm2), and p14ARF in nonmuscle UCs and to correlate the findings +with clinicopathological characteristics. +Settings and Design: : A total of 50 patients who had pTa and pT1 tumors were +analyzed. +Subjects and Methods: The protein expressions of caspase-8, p53, mdm2, and p14ARF +were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. +Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test was done using SPSS version 16.0 +(SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). +Results: Cytoplasmic caspase-8 expression was significantly higher in pT1 UCs +while nuclear caspase-8 expression was significantly higher in pTa UCs (P = 0.005 +and P = 0.011, respectively). Cytoplasmic caspase-8 expression was also higher in +high-grade UCs (P = 0.035). The expression of p53, mdm2, and p14ARF was not also +related with pathological stage or grade (P > 0.05 for all). The p14ARF +expression was related with nuclear caspase-8 expression in most of the patients. +Complete agreement among nonmuscle UCs for immunohistochemical expression of p14 +and nuclear caspase-8 was seen in 41 cases, and the pairwise kappa agreement +value was substantial (κ =0.614). The patients who had recurrence were positive +for both p53 and mdm2 or either p53 or mdm2 (P = 0.025). +Conclusions: These results suggested that the staining pattern of caspase-8 might +be helpful for determining of the stages in nonmuscle UC. It was also showed that +the expression status of p53 and mdm2 were related with the recurrence. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_161_17 +PMID: 29676355 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +86. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Apr-Jun;61(2):181-186. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_131_17. + +Interobserver reproducibility of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte evaluations in +breast cancer. + +Cabuk FK(1), Aktepe F(2), Kapucuoglu FN(3), Coban I(1), Sarsenov D(4), Ozmen +V(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Acibadem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Aim: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have a prognostic value in breast +cancer (BC); however, because of the lack of standard evaluation methods, we +aimed to assess the interobserver agreement of stromal TILs (sTILs) and +intratumoral TILs (iTILs) as well as the effect of hot spot areas and molecular +subtyping on the overall agreement. +Methods: The study consisted of 121 haematoxylin and eosin (H and E)-stained +slides of invasive BC samples obtained from the pathology archives. The TIL +assessment was based on the International TIL Working Group recommendations for +the percentage of sTILs and was conducted by four pathologists. The percentage of +iTILs, the number of lymphocytes in hot spot areas (iTILs-HS), and the overall +interobserver agreement for the molecular subtypes were evaluated. The interclass +correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess interobserver agreement among +the four pathologists. +Results: : The ICC score among the observers for the sTIL percentages was 0.74, +and the individual ICC values for each molecular subtype were 0.55, 0.88, and +0.79 for luminal, HER2-positive, and triple-negative tumors, respectively. The +compliance value for the iTILs was 0.29 (95% confidence interval (CI) = +0.06-0.48], whereas the compliance value for the iTILs-HS was 0.63 (95% CI = +0.49-0.71). The compliance values for the iTILs-HS subtypes were 0.72, 0.43, and +0.55 for luminal, HER2-positive, and triple-negative tumors, respectively. +Conclusion: The IWTILG recommendations are reproducible and reliable. The +interobserver agreement of the sTIL percentages was considerably higher for the +triple-negative and HER2-positive cases than the luminal cases, whereas the +interobserver agreement for the assessment of iTILs-HS in tumors was higher for +the luminal subtype. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_131_17 +PMID: 29676353 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +87. Histol Histopathol. 2018 Sep;33(9):971-977. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-991. Epub 2018 +Apr 20. + +Lamellation in fibrous dysplasia: A clinicopathologic study. + +Cicek AF(1), Kilinc M(2), Safali M(1), Gunhan O(3). + +Author information: +(1)Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. +(2)Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. drmelihkilinc@gmail.com. +(3)TOBB ETU, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a maturation defect characterized by +immature woven bones and stroma. However, especially in craniofacial bones, +lamellation can be seen and this is associated with the maturation. +AIM: To show maturation in FD and discuss the factors that may affect the +maturation. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-five FD cases were divided into three subgroups +according to the lamellation percentage as Groups 1, 2 and 3 (low, moderate and +high lamellation, respectively). Each group was compared in terms of the +peritrabecular clefting (PTC), stromal cellularity and the age. The lesions under +pressure and the ones that are not were compared in terms of lamellation +percentage. +RESULTS: A significant statistical difference was found between Groups 1 and 3 in +terms of PTC, stromal cellularity, histologic pattern suggesting maturation +(p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002, respectively). +CONCLUSION: The findings suggested a strong relation between lamellation and +maturation. Lamellation was more prominent in the bones under pressure than the +others. Considering lamellation as a finding of maturation, it is possible to +establish a relation between maturation and pressure. Therefore, future studies +should focus on the question if the pressure could be a factor for maturation and +it could be used for treating FD. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-991 +PMID: 29675824 + + +88. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018 Jun;34:45-49. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.01.009. Epub +2018 Feb 20. + +Investigation of the relationship of Epstein-Barr virus with in situ +hybridization in renal-cell carcinomas. + +Karaarslan S(1), Şen N(2). + +Author information: +(1)Private Buca Medical Center Pathology Department, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic +address: serapkaraarslan@gmail.com. +(2)Private Tinaztepe Hospital Microbiology Department, Izmir, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.01.009 +PMID: 29661727 + + +89. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018 Jun;34:122-130. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.03.010. +Epub 2018 Apr 4. + +Primary breast carcinomas with neuroendocrine features: Clinicopathological +features and analysis of tumor growth patterns in 36 cases. + +Kelten Talu C(1), Leblebici C(2), Kilicaslan Ozturk T(3), Hacihasanoglu E(4), +Baykal Koca S(2), Gucin Z(5). + +Author information: +(1)University of Health Sciences, Istanbul SUAM, Department of Pathology, Turkey. +Electronic address: esracanankelten.talu@sbu.edu.tr. +(2)University of Health Sciences, Istanbul SUAM, Department of Pathology, Turkey. +(3)Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Turkey. +(4)University of Health Sciences, Istanbul SUAM, Department of Pathology, Turkey. +Electronic address: ezgihaci@yahoo.com. +(5)Bezmialem University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Turkey. + +Primary breast carcinoma with neuroendocrine features (NEBC) is an uncommon +tumor. In the classification of WHO 2012, these tumors were categorized as: 1- +neuroendocrine tumor, well-differentiated; 2- neuroendocrine carcinoma, poorly +differentiated/small cell carcinoma; and 3- invasive breast carcinoma with +neuroendocrine differentiation. In this study, we reviewed NEBC except poorly +differentiated/small cell carcinoma variant in order to define the morphological +growth patterns and cytonuclear details of these tumors. All breast surgical +excision materials between 2007 and 2016 were re-evaluated in terms of +neuroendocrine differentiation. Thirty-six cases showing positive staining for +synaptophysin and/or chromogranin A in ≥50% of tumor cells were included in the +study. All cases were female with a mean age of 67.4. Mean tumor diameter was +26 mm. Multifocality was noted in 5 cases. Grossly, they were mostly infiltrative +mass lesions. T stages, identified in 34 cases, were as follows: 13 cases with +pT1; 19 pT2 and 2 pT3. We described schematically 4 types of patterns depending +on predominant growth pattern, except one case: 1) Large-sized solid cohesive +groups (6 cases), 2) Small- to medium-sized solid cohesive groups with +trabeculae/ribbons and glandular structures (6 cases), 3) Mixed growth patterns +(20 cases), 4) Invasive tumor with prominent extracellular and/or intracellular +mucin (3 cases). The tumor cells were mostly polygonal-oval with +eosinophilic/eosinophilic-granular cytoplasm. The nuclei of tumor cells were +mostly round to oval with evenly distributed chromatin. Only 5 cases showed high +grade nuclear and histological features. Molecular subtypes of the cases were as +follows: 33 luminal A, 2 luminal B, and 1 triple negative. NEBC should come to +mind when a tumor display one of the morphological patterns described above, +composed of monotonous cells with mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphism and +abundant eosinophilic/eosinophilic granular or clear cytoplasm, especially in +elderly patients. + +Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.03.010 +PMID: 29661717 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +90. Dis Markers. 2018 Feb 5;2018:5604702. doi: 10.1155/2018/5604702. eCollection +2018. + +The Role of Serum CK18, TIMP1, and MMP-9 Levels in Predicting R0 Resection in +Patients with Gastric Cancer. + +Peduk S(1), Tatar C(2), Dincer M(1), Ozer B(1), Kocakusak A(1), Citlak G(1), +Akinci M(1), Tuzun IS(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Kemerburgaz University School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of death in men and the fifth +common cause of death in women worldwide. Currently, available advanced imaging +modalities can predict R0 resection in most patients in the perioperative period. +The aim of this study is to determine the role of serum CK18, MMP-9, and TIMP1 +levels in predicting R0 resection in patients with gastric cancer. Fifty +consecutive patients scheduled for curative surgery with gastric adenocancer +diagnosis between 2013 and 2015 were included in the study. One milliliter of +blood was taken from the patients included in the study to examine CK18, MMP-9, +and TIMP1. CK18, MMP-9, and TIMP1 levels were positively correlated with +pathological N and the stage (P < 0.05). The CK18, MMP-9, and TIMP1 averages of +those with positive clinical lymph nodes and those in clinical stage 3 were found +to be higher than the averages of those with negative clinical lymph nodes and +those in clinical stage 2 (P < 0.05). Although serum CK18, MMP-9, and TIMP1 preop +measurements in patients scheduled for curative surgery due to gastric +adenocarcinoma did not help to gain any idea of tumor resectability, we concluded +that our study had valuable results in significantly predicting N3 stage. + +DOI: 10.1155/2018/5604702 +PMCID: PMC5832075 +PMID: 29651326 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +91. Acta Cytol. 2018;62(3):183-192. doi: 10.1159/000488021. Epub 2018 Apr 11. + +Cytological Findings of Malignant and Benign Head and Neck Masses in Somalia. + +Baş Y(1)(2). + +Author information: +(1)Hitit University, Erol Olçok Education and Research Hospital, Department of +Pathology, Çorum, Turkey. +(2)Somali Mogadishu-Turkey Education and Research Hospital, Department of +Pathology, Mogadishu, Somalia. + +OBJECTIVE: There are no up-to-date records on head and neck masses (HNMs) in +Somalia. This cytological study is the first to demonstrate the benefits and +findings of fine-needle aspiration cytology in evaluating HNMs in the adult +population of Somalia. +STUDY DESIGN: A total of 116 aspiration samples were taken from different levels +of the neck region, except for the thyroid. Cases were classified as salivary +gland, lymph node, or soft tissue/cystic lesions. They were classified according +to age, gender, and cytological diagnosis. +RESULTS: Patients included 54 (46.6%) males and 62 (53.4%) females, with a mean +age of 40.6 years. Seventy-two patients (62.1%) had benign lesions, while 44 +(37.9%) had malignant lesions. Necrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis (n = 51, +70.8% of the benign findings) and lymph node metastasis of squamous cell +carcinoma (n = 13, 29.5% of the malignant findings) were the most frequent +findings. +CONCLUSION: Fine-needle aspiration is a useful procedure in the diagnosis of neck +masses. It is a cheap and easy guiding method for diagnosing granulomatous +lymphadenitis and advanced-stage metastatic cancers, which are common in this +country. + +© 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000488021 +PMID: 29642058 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +92. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2018 May-Jun;42(3):199-210. doi: +10.1080/01913123.2018.1453905. Epub 2018 Apr 6. + +Ultrastructural analysis of human umbilical cord derived MSCs at undifferentiated +stage and during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. + +Ozkan S(1), Isildar B(1), Oncul M(2), Baslar Z(3), Kaleli S(2), Koyuturk M(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty , +Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty , +Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical +Faculty , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey. + +Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as an important tool for +regenerative medicine and experimental treatments. Unveiling the ultrastructural +changes during the differentiation of MSCs might help us to understand the nature +of the process and to develop novel therapeutic approaches. For this purpose, +human umbilical cord (hUC) was chosen as MSC source. In the first place, MSCs +were isolated from sub-amniotic, intervascular and perivascular areas of hUC by +enzymatic and tissue explant method to determine the most favorable region of hUC +and technique for further processing. Therefore, microscopic and growth kinetics +analyses showed that there was no clear difference in the morphologies and +proliferation rates among the hUC-MSC groups. Flow cytometric analysis showed +that CD44 and CD90 MSC markers were highly expressed, while CD34 and CD45 +hematopoietic stem cells markers were expressed at low degree. Because our +preliminary results showed that there was no conspicuous superiority among the +hUC-MSCs groups, whole UC was utilized as a source, and tissue explant method was +applied to isolate MSCs for further differentiation analysis. At the 1st and 3rd +week of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, ultrastructural analysis +showed an increase in the number of secondary lysosomes in comparison with the +undifferentiated status. Increase in the mitochondrial content was also detected +at the 1st week of adipogenic differentiation. Consequently, ultrastructural +changes including increase in the number of mitochondria and secondary lysosomes +during the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation could be attributed to the +switch in energy metabolism of the MSCs and increment in the lysosomal activity +respectively. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2018.1453905 +PMID: 29624114 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +93. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Oct;26(7):637-643. doi: 10.1177/1066896918768043. Epub +2018 Apr 6. + +Poorly Differentiated Chordomas Showing Loss of INI1/SMARCB1: A Report of 2 Rare +Cases With Diagnostic Implications. + +Rekhi B(1), Kosemehmetoglu K(2), Rane S(1), Soylemezoglu F(2), Bulut E(2). + +Author information: +(1)1 Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India. +(2)2 Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Poorly differentiated chordomas are rare musculoskeletal tumors. Case 1. A +42-year-old lady presented with quadriparesis of 2 months' duration. Radiologic +imaging disclosed a soft tissue mass in her left prevertebral- and paravertebral +cervical region. Case 2. A 4-year-old male child presented with neck pain and +restricted head movements of 1-year duration. Radiologic imaging revealed a +contrast enhancing, paraspinal soft tissue mass in his cervical region. +Microscopic examination in both the cases revealed a cellular malignant tumor +composed of moderate to markedly pleomorphic cells with interspersed mitotic +figures, along with focal myxoid change and necrosis. By immunohistochemistry, +tumor cells in both cases were diffusely positive for pan cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) +and brachyury, whereas these were negative for INI1/SMARCB1. Tumor cells in the +second case were also positive for glypican3. The first case developed pulmonary +metastasis, while the second case developed recurrence. Poorly differentiated +chordomas are uncommon tumors, invariably characterized by loss of INI1. These +tumors can be rarely seen in adults and need to be differentiated from their +diagnostic mimics, in view of treatment implications and their relatively +aggressive clinical outcomes. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896918768043 +PMID: 29623728 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +94. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2018 Apr;37(2):109-116. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1445149. +Epub 2018 Apr 2. + +Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome in Which a Different De +Novo Actg2 Gene Mutation was Detected: A Case Report. + +Korğalı EÜ(1), Yavuz A(1), Şimşek CEÇ(1), Güney C(2), Kurtulgan HK(3), Başer +B(3), Atalar MH(4), Özer H(5), Eğilmez HR(5). + +Author information: +(1)a Cumhuriyet University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , +Sivas , Turkey. +(2)b Cumhuriyet Universitesi , Department of Pediatric Surgery , Sivas , Turkey. +(3)c Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics , +Sivas , Turkey. +(4)d Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology , Sivas , +Turkey. +(5)e Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology , Sivas , +Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) +is characterized by bladder distension without urinary tract obstruction, +decreased or absent intestinal peristalsis and microcolon. Although the +definitive cause remains unknown, changes in the ACTG2 gene are thought to be +responsible for the intestinal and bladder hypoperistalsis. +CASE REPORT: This female newborn with MMIHS had a c.532C>A /p.Arg178Ser +heterozygous de novo mutation detected in the ACTG2 gene. Normal immature +ganglion cells, normal calretinin punctate positivity, maintence of smooth muscle +actin immunoreactivity, and decreased numbers of interstitial cells of +Cajal(ICCs) were detected. +CONCLUSION: This previously unreported c.532C>A /p.Arg178Ser heterozygous de novo +mutation in the ACTG2 gene may lead to a severe form of MMIHS. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2018.1445149 +PMID: 29608093 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +95. Endocr Pathol. 2018 Sep;29(3):250-258. doi: 10.1007/s12022-018-9524-9. + +Clinical Impact of p27Kip1 and CaSR Expression on Primary Hyperparathyroidism. + +Sengul Aycicek G(1), Aydogan BI(2), Sahin M(2), Cansız Ersoz C(3), Sak SD(3), +Baskal N(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, +Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey. gzdsengul@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara University Faculty of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +We aimed to investigate the expressions of p27 kinase inhibitory protein 1 +(p27Kip1) and calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) in adenomas and normal parathyroid +tissue and to evaluate the relationship of these molecules with clinical and +biochemical parameters in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Fifty-one patients +with histopathologically confirmed parathyroid adenomas and 20 patients with +normal parathyroid glands (which were removed incidentally during thyroid +resection) were included. Immunohistochemical stainings of CaSR and p27Kip1 were +performed in surgical specimens. Clinical features, biochemical parameters, and +BMD measurements of patients with PHPT were evaluated retrospectively. +Expressions of p27Kip1 and CaSR were decreased in parathyroid adenomas, compared +to normal glands (p < 0.05). High intensity of CaSR staining (3+) was more +frequent in normal parathyroid tissue (75%) than adenomas (12%) (p < 0.01). +Hypertension was not observed in patients with high staining intensity of CaSR +(p = 0.032). There was a negative association between CaSR expression and body +mass index (BMI) (p = 0.027, r = - 0.313). There was no significant relationship +between p27Kip1 and CaSR expressions, serum calcium, plasma parathormone, +25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, and bone density (p > 0.05). The expressions of +p27Kip1 and CaSR were decreased in PHPT patients. This reduction may play an +important role in the pathogenesis of PHPT. However, neither p27Kip1 nor CaSR +expression was found to be useful in predicting prognosis or severity of disease. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-018-9524-9 +PMID: 29589297 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +96. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Jan-Mar;61(1):22-26. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_85_17. + +Role of calcium-sensing receptor, Galectin-3, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67 +immunohistochemistry to favor in the diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma. + +Sungu N(1), Dogan HT(1), Kiliçarslan A(1), Kiliç M(2), Polat S(3), Tokaç M(4), +Akbaba S(2), Parlak Ö(2), Balci S(1), Ögüt B(5), Çakir B(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit University, Faculty of +Medicine, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit University, Faculty of +Medicine, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazit +University, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Yeni Yüzyıl University, Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, +İstanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +Background: As histopathological findings of parathyroid carcinoma are not +certain, the diagnosis of tumors with degenerative changes may be difficult. In +these cases, immunohistochemical markers are beneficial. We aimed to research the +acceptability of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), Galactin-3, Cyclin D1, and +Ki-67 as helpful markers in parathyroid tumors in cases which are difficult to +diagnose. +Materials and Methods: Those cases who had been diagnosed with atypical +parathyroid adenoma and parathyroid carcinoma between 2010 and 2015 were +reevaluated. İmmunohistochemical markers were applied to this cases. +Results: About 21 cases were parathyroid adenoma, 14 were atypical adenoma, and +10 cases were parathyroid carcinoma. According to the immunohistochemical +results, global loss of CaSR staining was seen in 50% (5/10) of the patients with +carcinoma while there was no loss of staining in those with parathyroid adenoma +(P = 0,001). Global loss of CaSR staining was found in only one out of 14 cases +with atypical adenoma. The expression of Galactin-3 was found to be positive in +40% (4/10) of carcinoma cases, 71.4% (10/14) of those with atypical adenoma, and +14.3% (3/21) of those with adenoma (P = 0,002). Cyclin D1 expression was +determined to be positive in 70% (7/10) of patients with carcinoma, 71.4% (10/14) +of atypical adenoma cases, and 23.8% (5/21) of those with adenoma. The Ki-67 +proliferation index was seen to be above 5% in 50% (5/10) of carcinoma cases and +35,7% (5/14) of those with atypical adenoma. +Conclusion: In these studies, it has been emphasized that the global loss of CaSR +staining was used as a negative marker in the diagnosis of carcinoma. In this +study, we have also confirmed that the global loss of CaSR staining is a useful +marker to determine potential increased malignancy. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_85_17 +PMID: 29567879 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +97. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2018 Jan-Mar;61(1):18-21. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_214_16. + +Evaluation of the osteopontin in oral peripheral and central giant cell +granuloma. + +Aksakalli N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Tumor Pathology, Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Aim: Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) and central giant cell granuloma +(CGCG) of the jaws are benign proliferations of spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells +and multinucleated giant cells. Despite the histopathologic similarities, they +have markedly different clinical behavior. PGCG shows low recurrence rate whereas +CGCG shows a variable clinical behavior ranging from nonaggressive lesions to +aggressive lesions characterizing by pain, rapid growth, and high recurrence +rate. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare CGCG with PGCG by +immunohistochemistry using Ki-67, osteopontin (OPN), and integrin αvantibodies. +Subjects and Methods: Twenty PGCG and 20 CGCG were selected for +immunohistochemical evaluation of OPN, integrin αv, and Ki-67 in multinucleated +giant cells and mononucleated cells of PGCG and CGCG. +Results: PGCG showed higher Ki-67 immunoreactivity in mononucleated cells +compared to CGCG (P < 0.05). There was no reactivity with Ki-67 in multinucleated +giant cells of both groups. Mononucleated cells in CGCGs demonstrated increased +OPN and integrin αvexpressions in comparison with PGCGs (P < 0.05). +Conclusions: The clinic behavior of CGCG being more aggressive than PGCG might be +explained by the high expression of OPN and integrin αv. Further studies are +necessary to evaluate the other OPN receptors and their role on the biologic +behavior of these lesions. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_214_16 +PMID: 29567878 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest + + +98. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018 Apr;33:35-39. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.11.010. Epub +2017 Nov 24. + +Intra-surgical total and re-constructible pathological prostate examination for +safer margins and nerve preservation (Istanbul preserve). + +Öbek C(1), Saglican Y(2), Ince U(2), Argun OB(3), Tuna MB(4), Doganca T(5), Tufek +I(3), Keskin S(3), Kural AR(3). + +Author information: +(1)Acibadem Taksim Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Acibadem University, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Acibadem University, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Acibadem Taksim Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic +address: tunkut.doganca@acibadem.com. + +PURPOSE: To demonstrate a novel frozen section analysis technique during robot +assisted radical prostatectomy with 2 distinct advantages: evaluation of the +entire circumference and easier reconstruction for whole mount evaluation. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: Istanbul Preserve was performed on patients who underwent +robotic prostatectomy with nerve sparing between 10/2014 and 7/2016. Gland was +sectioned at 3-4mm intervals from apex to bladder neck. Entire tissue +representing margins (except for the most anterior portion) was circumferentially +excised and microscopically analyzed. In margin positivity, approach was +individualized based on extent of positive margin and Gleason pattern. A matched +cohort was established for comparison. Retrospective analysis of a prospectively +maintained database was performed. Impact of FSA on PSM rate was primarily +assessed. +RESULTS: Data on 170 patients was analyzed. Positive surgical margin was reported +in 56(33%) on frozen section. Neurovascular bundle was partially or totally +resected in 79% and 18%. Conversion of positive margin to negative was achieved +in 85%. Overall positive margin rate decreased from 22.5% to 7.5%. Nerve sparing +increased from 87% to 93%. Location of positive margin at frozen was at the +neurovascular bundle area in 39%; thus Istanbul Preserve detected 61% additional +margin positivity compared to other techniques. Reconstruction for whole mount +was easy. +CONCLUSION: Istanbul Preserve is a novel technique for intraoperative FSA during +RARP allowing for microscopic examination of the entire prostate for margin +status and easy re-construction for whole mount examination. It guarantees safer +margins together with increased rate of nerve sparing. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.11.010 +PMID: 29566945 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +99. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2018 Apr;142(4):433. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0452-LE. + +Professionalism in Pathology: The Turkish Experience. + +Güner G(1), Müderrisoğlu C(2), Kösemehmetoğlu K(1), Söylemezoğlu F(1). + +Author information: +(1) Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. +(2) Student of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0452-LE +PMID: 29565209 + + +100. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Jun;46(6):489-494. doi: 10.1002/dc.23923. Epub 2018 Mar +10. + +Risk factors associated with malignancy and with triage to surgery in thyroid +nodules classified as Bethesda category IV (FN/SFN). + +Kuru B(1), Kefeli M(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, +Samsun, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Thyroid nodules diagnosed as Bethesda category IV [follicular +neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN)] are recommended for +surgery. However, only 10%-40% of these nodules turn out to be malignant on +histopathological examination. Therefore, selection for surgery of nodules +diagnosed as Bethesda category IV is important. We aimed to define predictive +factors for malignancy and factors associated with triage to surgery. +METHODS: The records of all patients with nodules who underwent fine needle +aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and classified by Bethesda reporting system as FN/SFN +between January 2011 and July 2017 at our institution were reviewed. Univariate +and multivariate analysis were performed to select independent factors associated +with thyroid cancer, and with triage to surgery. Using independent risk factors +for malignancy predictive index categories were created. +RESULTS: Among 6910 nodules that underwent FNAB, 180 (2.6%) were diagnosed as +FN/SFN. Of the 180 patients, 139 (77%) underwent surgery with the associated +malignancy rate of 37% (51/139) (upper boundary). Risk of malignancy among all +FN/SFN nodules was 28% (lower boundary). Solid structure, size ≥ 4 cm, +microcalcification, hypoechogenicity, and increased vascularization were found to +be significant and independent risk factors associated for malignancy. None of +the clinical and ultrasound factors were associated with triage to surgery. +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that using predictive factors for malignancy in +the Bethesda IV category as risk indices, 17% of patients who had nodules without +any risk factors could be spared surgery. Predictive indices could be considered +for the malignancy risk and for selection of patients for surgery. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23923 +PMID: 29524316 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +101. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2018 Aug;41(4):379-393. doi: 10.1007/s13402-018-0375-7. Epub +2018 Mar 7. + +Genome-wide analysis of endogenously expressed ZEB2 binding sites reveals inverse +correlations between ZEB2 and GalNAc-transferase GALNT3 in human tumors. + +Balcik-Ercin P(1), Cetin M(1), Yalim-Camci I(1), Odabas G(1), Tokay N(1), Sayan +AE(2), Yagci T(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular +Oncology, Gebze Technical University, C2-Building, 41400, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Somers +Building, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. +(3)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular +Oncology, Gebze Technical University, C2-Building, 41400, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey. +tyagci@gtu.edu.tr. + +BACKGROUND: ZEB2 is a transcriptional repressor that regulates +epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through binding to bipartite E-box +motifs in gene regulatory regions. Despite the abundant presence of E-boxes +within the human genome and the multiplicity of pathophysiological processes +regulated during ZEB2-induced EMT, only a small fraction of ZEB2 targets has been +identified so far. Hence, we explored genome-wide ZEB2 binding by chromatin +immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) under endogenous ZEB2 expression +conditions. +METHODS: For ChIP-Seq we used an anti-ZEB2 monoclonal antibody, clone 6E5, in +SNU398 hepatocellular carcinoma cells exhibiting a high endogenous ZEB2 +expression. The ChIP-Seq targets were validated using ChIP-qPCR, whereas +ZEB2-dependent expression of target genes was assessed by RT-qPCR and Western +blotting in shRNA-mediated ZEB2 silenced SNU398 cells and doxycycline-induced +ZEB2 overexpressing colorectal carcinoma DLD1 cells. Changes in target gene +expression were also assessed using primary human tumor cDNA arrays in +conjunction with RT-qPCR. Additional differential expression and correlation +analyses were performed using expO and Human Protein Atlas datasets. +RESULTS: Over 500 ChIP-Seq positive genes were annotated, and intervals related +to these genes were found to include the ZEB2 binding motif CACCTG according to +TOMTOM motif analysis in the MEME Suite database. Assessment of ZEB2-dependent +expression of target genes in ZEB2-silenced SNU398 cells and ZEB2-induced DLD1 +cells revealed that the GALNT3 gene serves as a ZEB2 target with the highest, but +inversely correlated, expression level. Remarkably, GALNT3 also exhibited the +highest enrichment in the ChIP-qPCR validation assays. Through the analyses of +primary tumor cDNA arrays and expO datasets a significant differential expression +and a significant inverse correlation between ZEB2 and GALNT3 expression were +detected in most of the tumors. We also explored ZEB2 and GALNT3 protein +expression using the Human Protein Atlas dataset and, again, observed an inverse +correlation in all analyzed tumor types, except malignant melanoma. In contrast +to a generally negative or weak ZEB2 expression, we found that most tumor tissues +exhibited a strong or moderate GALNT3 expression. +CONCLUSIONS: Our observation that ZEB2 negatively regulates a GalNAc-transferase +(GALNT3) that is involved in O-glycosylation adds another layer of complexity to +the role of ZEB2 in cancer progression and metastasis. Proteins glycosylated by +GALNT3 may be exploited as novel diagnostics and/or therapeutic targets. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0375-7 +PMID: 29516288 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +102. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2018 Jun;41(3):297-317. doi: 10.1007/s13402-017-0369-x. Epub +2018 Feb 28. + +Inhibition of autophagy enhances DENSpm-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer +cells in a p53 independent manner. + +Gurkan AC(1), Arisan ED(2), Yerlikaya PO(2), Ilhan H(2), Unsal NP(2). + +Author information: +(1)Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, +Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey. +a.coker@iku.edu.tr. +(2)Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Science and Letters Faculty, +Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey. + +PURPOSE: One of the recently developed polyamine (PA) analogues, N 1 +,N11-diethylnorspermine (DENSpm), has been found to act as an apoptotic inducer +in melanoma, breast, prostate and colon cancer cells. Also, its potential to +induce autophagy has been established. Unfolded protein responses and starvation +of amino acids are known to trigger autophagy. As yet, however, the molecular +mechanism underlying PA deficiency-induced autophagy is not fully clarified. +Here, we aimed to determine the apoptotic effect of DENSpm after autophagy +inhibition by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or siRNA-mediated Beclin-1 silencing in +colon cancer cells. +METHODS: The apoptotic effects of DENSpm after 3-MA treatment or Beclin-1 +silencing were determined by PI and AnnexinV/PI staining in conjunction with flow +cytometry. Intracellular PA levels were measured by HPLC, whereas autophagy and +the expression profiles of PA key players were determined in HCT116, SW480 and +HT29 colon cancer cells by Western blotting. +RESULTS: We found that DENSpm-induced autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA treatment +and Beclin-1 silencing, and that apoptotic cell death was increased by PA +depletion and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) upregulation. We +also found that autophagy inhibition led to DENSpm-induced apoptosis through Atg5 +down-regulation, p62 degradation and LC3 lipidation in both HCT116 and SW480 +cells. p53 deficiency did not alter the response of the colon cancer cells to +DENSpm-induced apoptotic cell death under autophagy suppression conditions. +CONCLUSIONS: From our results we conclude that DENSpm-induced apoptotic cell +death is increased when autophagy is inhibited by 3-MA or Beclin-1 siRNA through +PA depletion and PA catabolic activation in colon cancer cells, regardless p53 +mutation status. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0369-x +PMID: 29492901 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +103. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2018 Jun;41(3):283-296. doi: 10.1007/s13402-018-0370-z. Epub +2018 Feb 22. + +Strong enhancement by IGF1-R antagonists of hepatocellular carcinoma cell +migration inhibition by Sorafenib and/or vitamin K1. + +D'Alessandro R(1), Refolo MG(1), Lippolis C(1), Carella N(1), Messa C(1), +Cavallini A(1), Carr BI(2). + +Author information: +(1)Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Clinical +Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. De Bellis" Research +Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013, Castellana Grotte, BA, Italy. +(2)Program for Targeted Experimental Therapeutics, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome +Center, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey. brianicarr@hotmail.com. + +PURPOSE: Emerging evidence indicates that combining Sorafenib with vitamin K1 +(VK1) may result in a synergistic inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) +cell migration and proliferation. Despite this synergy, its benefits may be +limited due to drug resistance resulting from cross-talk with the tumor +microenvironment. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) signaling acts as an +important modulator of HCC cell growth, motility and drug resistance. Therefore, +we aimed to explore the effects of Sorafenib in combination with VK1 and/or +IGF1-R antagonists on HCC cells. +METHODS: Scratch wound migration assays were performed to assess the motility of +HCC-derived PLC/PRF/5, HLF and Hep3B cells. The synergistic, additive or +antagonistic effects of Sorafenib, VK1 and IGF1-R antagonists on HCC cell +motility were assessed using CompuSyn software. The effects mediated by these +various compounds on HCC cytoskeleton organization were evaluated using DyLight +554 Phalloidin staining. Proliferation and migration-associated signaling +pathways were analyzed in PLC/PRF/5 cells using Erk1/2 and Akt activation kits +and Western blotting (Mek, JNK, Akt, Paxillin and p38), respectively. +RESULTS: The effects of the IGF1-R antagonists GSK1838705A and OSI-906 on HCC +cell migration inhibition after Sorafenib and/or VK1 administration, individually +or in combination, were evaluated. We found a synergistic effect in PLC/PRF/5, +HLF and Hep3B cells for combinations of fixed doses of GSK1838705A or OSI-906 +together with different doses of Sorafenib and/or VK1. The levels of synergy were +found to be stronger at higher Sorafenib and/or VK1 concentrations and lower or +absent at lower concentrations, with some variation among the different cell +lines tested. In addition, we found that in PLC/PRF/5 and HLF cells IGF1-R +blockage strongly enhanced the reduction and redistribution of F-actin induced by +Sorafenib and/or VK1 through alterations in the phosphorylation levels of some of +the principal proteins involved in the MAPK signaling cascade, which is essential +for cell migration. +CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that modulation of the efficacy of Sorafenib +through combinations with VK1 and/or IGF1-R antagonists results in synergistic +inhibition of HCC cell migration. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0370-z +PMID: 29470830 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +104. Cytopathology. 2018 Apr;29(2):156-162. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12512. Epub 2018 Feb 22. + +The diagnostic value of cell blocks in Liquid-Based Cytology of bronchial +aspiration and bronchial brushing materials. + +Sadullahoğlu C(1), Yaman B(2), Veral A(2), Nart D(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Fibreoptic bronchoscopy is used for the diagnosis and treatment of +several pulmonary diseases. Conventional smear and Liquid-based cytology (LBC) +methods are applied to cytology samples of various bronchoscopic techniques. If +the cytology sample is sufficient for evaluation, a cell block (CB) can be +prepared from the remaining material. The aim of this study is to identify the +diagnostic value of conventional smear, LBC and CB methods in bronchial +cytological specimens. +METHODS: A retrospective review of 329 samples from 240 patients was made and, of +these, 144 patients were found to have neoplasia. A blind review of the specimens +was performed and all were reclassified individually. The endoscopic findings of +the 144 patients with neoplasia were analysed retrospectively. The cytological +diagnoses were then compared with the final diagnosis or the endoscopic findings +of patients with neoplasia. The sensitivity was calculated for each method, both +separately and together. +RESULTS: It was determined that CB led to a 10.1% increase in the diagnostic +sensitivity for bronchial aspiration (BA) specimens, while no significant +increase was seen in bronchial brush specimens. In BA specimens of neoplasia +patients with normal bronchoscopic findings, while three methods were applied +together with an increase in the number of cases diagnosed as malignant cytology, +there was no significant increase in bronchial brush specimens. +CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that adding cell block to CB and LBC seemed +to contribute the cytological diagnosis in BA materials significantly. Another +advantage of CB is the opportunity of applying advanced methods such as +immunocytochemical and molecular techniques. + +© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12512 +PMID: 29469205 + + +105. Pathol Int. 2018 Mar;68(3):183-189. doi: 10.1111/pin.12637. Epub 2018 Feb 21. + +Tumor deposits in salivary gland tumors. + +Sarioglu S(1), Kilicarslan E(2), Aydin B(3), Kozen MA(4), Akman F(3), Oztop I(5), +Ada E(6), Ikiz AO(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Bitlis Tatvan Public Hospital, Bitlis, Turkey. +(3)Department of Radiation Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Department of Medical Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. +(6)Department of Radiology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Tumor deposits (TDs), identified in different types of carcinomas are associated +with poor prognosis. Salivary gland tumors were evaluated for the first time for +TDs in this series. Pathological and clinical features of 25 salivary gland +carcinomas primarily treated surgically including neck dissection were determined +and all cases were evaluated for TDs in dissection specimens. Seven patients +(28%) had TDs. There was no difference for TDs when histological type, tumor +grade, tumor localization, pT, pN stage, surgical margin, lymphovascular, +perineural invasion, local recurrence, distant metastatic disease and overall +survival were considered. Disease-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were +52.5%, 28.6% and 73.3%, 57.1%, for cases with and without TDs (P = 0.463). +Overall survival rates at 12 and 24 months for these groups were 85.7% and 57.1 +versus 86.7% and 66.7% respectively (P = 0.916). Mean estimated recurrence-free +survival time for all cases, TD negative and TD positive cases were: 171.86, +182.72 and 82.42 months, respectively. Mean estimated overall survival time for +these groups were 175.80, 186.489 and 89.70 months, respectively. TDs were +described in salivary gland tumors for the first time in this series and seem to +be associated with poor prognosis requiring further evaluation in larger series. + +© 2018 Japanese Society of Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/pin.12637 +PMID: 29465761 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +106. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Apr;46(4):362-364. doi: 10.1002/dc.23911. Epub 2018 Feb +21. + +Cytology of hydatid cyst mimicking intra-abdominal sarcoma, diagnosed by +fine-needle aspiration. + +Ozbek B(1), Paksoy N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kocaeli, Izmit, +Kocaeli, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23911 +PMID: 29464930 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +107. Mod Pathol. 2018 Jul;31(7):1116-1130. doi: 10.1038/s41379-018-0031-9. Epub 2018 +Feb 20. + +The genetics of recurrent hydatidiform moles: new insights and lessons from a +comprehensive analysis of 113 patients. + +Nguyen NMP(1), Khawajkie Y(2), Mechtouf N(1), Rezaei M(1), Breguet M(3), Kurvinen +E(4), Jagadeesh S(5), Solmaz AE(6), Aguinaga M(7), Hemida R(8), Harma MI(9), +Rittore C(10), Rahimi K(11), Arseneau J(12), Hovanes K(13), Clisham R(14), Lenzi +T(15), Scurry B(16), Addor MC(17), Bagga R(18), Nendaz GG(19), Finci V(20), Poke +G(21), Grimes L(22), Gregersen N(23), York K(24), Bolze PA(25), Patel C(26), +Mozdarani H(27), Puechberty J(28), Scotchie J(29), Fardaei M(30), Harma M(9), +Gardner RJM(21)(31), Sahoo T(13), Dudding-Byth T(32), Srinivasan R(33), Sauthier +P(3), Slim R(34)(35)(36). + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, +Quebec, Canada. +(2)Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, +Quebec, Canada. +(3)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de +Montréal (CHUM), Centre Intégré de Cancérologie du CHUM, Registre des Maladies +Trophoblastiques du Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada. +(4)Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital United +Laboratories, 6 Hariduse Street, Tallinn, 10119, Estonia. +(5)Mediscan Systems, 197, Dr. Natesan Road, Mylapore, Chennai-4, India. +(6)Department of Medical Genetics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, +Turkey. +(7)Genetics and Genomics Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico +City, Mexico. +(8)Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. +(9)Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Bulent +Ecevit University, 67100, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey. +(10)Unité médicale des maladies Auto-inflammatoires, Hôpital Arnaud de +Villeneuve, 371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, +France. +(11)Department of Pathology, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Université de Montréal, +Montréal, Québec, Canada. +(12)Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, +Canada. +(13)CombiMatrix Diagnostics, Irvine, CA, USA. +(14)Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, +Los Angelos, CA, USA. +(15)Maternal Fetal Medicine and Genetics, Tennessee Maternal Fetal Medicine PLC, +300 20th Avenue North, Suite 702, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA. +(16)Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and Lady Cilento +Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. +(17)Service de Médecine Génétique, CHUV-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland. +(18)Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical, +Education and Research, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. +(19)FMH Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Genève, Switzerland. +(20)Département de médecine génétique et de laboratoire, Service de pathologie +clinique, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), CH-1211 Genève 4, Genève, +Switzerland. +(21)Genetic Health Service, Central Hub, Wellington Hospital, Private Bag 7902, +Wellington, 6242, New Zealand. +(22)University of Colorado Hospital, Colorado, USA. +(23)Genetic Health Service New Zealand-Northern Hub, Auckland City Hospital, +P/Bag 92024, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. +(24)Essentia Health, Duluth Clinic, Duluth, MN, 55805-1983, USA. +(25)Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology, Obstetrics, and French +Center for Trophoblastic Diseases, University Hospitals of Lyon, Lyon, France. +(26)Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, +Australia. +(27)Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares +University, Tehran, Iran. +(28)Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371 avenue +du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier cedex 5, France. +(29)Tennessee Reproductive Medicine, 6031 Shallowford Rd, Suite 101, Chattanooga, +TN, 37421, USA. +(30)Department of Medical Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, +Shiraz, Iran. +(31)Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, +Montreal, Quebec, Canada. +(32)Hunter Genetics and University of Newcastle, GrowUpWell Priority Research +Centre, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. +(33)Cytology & Gynecological Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical +Education and Research PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. +(34)Departments of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, +Quebec, Canada. rima.slim@muhc.mcgill.ca. +(35)Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, +Quebec, Canada. rima.slim@muhc.mcgill.ca. +(36)Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, +Montreal, Quebec, Canada. rima.slim@muhc.mcgill.ca. + +Hydatidiform mole is an aberrant human pregnancy characterized by early embryonic +arrest and excessive trophoblastic proliferation. Recurrent hydatidiform moles +are defined by the occurrence of at least two hydatidiform moles in the same +patient. Fifty to eighty percent of patients with recurrent hydatidiform moles +have biallelic pathogenic variants in NLRP7 or KHDC3L. However, in the remaining +patients, the genotypic types of the moles are unknown. We characterized 80 new +hydatidiform mole tissues, 57 of which were from patients with no mutations in +the known genes, and we reviewed the genotypes of a total of 123 molar tissues. +We also reviewed mutation analysis in 113 patients with recurrent hydatidiform +moles. While all hydatidiform moles from patients with biallelic NLRP7 or KHDC3L +mutations are diploid biparental, we demonstrate that those from patients without +mutations are highly heterogeneous and only a small minority of them are diploid +biparental (8%). The other mechanisms that were found to recur in patients +without mutations are diploid androgenetic monospermic (24%) and triploid +dispermic (32%); the remaining hydatidiform moles were misdiagnosed as moles due +to errors in the analyses and/or their unusual mechanisms. We compared three +parameters of genetic susceptibility in patients with and without mutations and +show that patients without mutations are mostly from non-familial cases, have +fewer reproductive losses, and more live births. Our data demonstrate that +patients with recurrent hydatidiform moles and no mutations in the known genes +are, in general, different from those with mutations; they have a milder genetic +susceptibility and/or a multifactorial etiology underlying their recurrent +hydatidiform moles. Categorizing these patients according to the genotypic types +of their recurrent hydatidiform moles may facilitate the identification of novel +genes for this entity. + +DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0031-9 +PMID: 29463882 + + +108. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Apr;46(4):326-330. doi: 10.1002/dc.23905. Epub 2018 Feb +19. + +Immediate biopsy of cervical cytology-negative and non-HPV-16/18 oncogenic types +positive patients. + +Karaca İ(1), Öztürk M(1), Comba C(1), Demirayak G(1), Alay İ(1), Erdoğan VŞ(1), +Hoşgören M(1), Yaşar L(1). + +Author information: +(1)Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Reseach Hospital Obstetrics and +Gynecology, İstanbul TR 34147, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: According to the American Society of Colposcopy and Cervical +Pathology (ASCCP), a co-test is recommended for patients one year after the +detection of non-HPV 16/18 viral types in association with a negative cervical +cytology. In this study, we used immediate colposcopy to evaluate the risks to +the patient during the one year waiting period. +METHODS: We included 544 Hpv-positive/cervical cytology-negative patients who +underwent cervical cancer screening from June 2015 to June 2017. Cytological +specimens were classified using the Bethesta method on a liquid based +preparation. We used the Hybrid Capture 2 system to define HPV DNA. Biopsies were +performed on all patients under colposcopy. +RESULTS: Three hundred and seventy-five patients had HPV types 16/18 and 169 had +non-HPV-16/18 oncogenic types. Of the 169 patients who had non-HPV-16/18 +oncogenic types, 151 (89%) had no dysplasia, 16 (9.4%) had CIN 1, and 2 (1.1%) +had CIN 2/CIN 3. +CONCLUSION: For the patients who had cervical cytology negative/non-HPV-16/18 +positive, we detected that 1.1% of these women had CIN 2-3. For this reason, by +chasing the algorithm recommended by guidelines, gynecologists take risk missing +a diagnosis of CIN 2 plus lesion in 1.1% of patients. + +© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23905 +PMID: 29460502 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +109. J Cutan Pathol. 2018 Jun;45(6):416-418. doi: 10.1111/cup.13128. Epub 2018 Mar 23. + +Superficial acral fibromyxoma in the heel with new vascular features on +dermoscopy. + +Kara Polat A(1), Gore Karaali M(1), Turgut Erdemir AV(2), Koku Aksu AE(1), +Leblebici C(3), Gurel MS(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Dermatology, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medeniyet +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Superficial acral fibromyxoma (SAFM) is an uncommon mesenchymal soft tissue tumor +with a predilection for the acral extremites and nail bed involvement. SAFM is +diagnosed with clinicopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Awareness +of this rare tumor is important because of amounts of benign and malignant +neoplasms. We report a case of SAFM in a rare localization in the heel with a new +finding on dermoscopy. + +© 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.13128 +PMID: 29446850 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +110. J Clin Pathol. 2018 Jul;71(7):637-641. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204788. Epub +2018 Feb 8. + +PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in thymic epithelial tumours and non-neoplastic thymus. + +Bagir EK(1), Acikalin A(1), Avci A(2), Gumurdulu D(1), Paydas S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Chest Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, +Adana, Turkey. + +AIMS: We explored the relationships between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and +programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and the pathological and clinical +features of thymic epithelial tumours and thymic hyperplasia. +METHODS: We evaluated PD-1 and PDL-1 expressions within epithelial and +microenvironmental components in thymic epithelial tumours (n=44) and thymic +hyperplasias (n=8), immunohistochemically. We compared the results with +demographic, clinical and histopathological features of the cases. +RESULTS: We found 48% epithelial expression and 82.7% microenvironment expression +for PD-1 and 11.5% epithelial expression and 34.6% microenvironment expression +for PD-L1. There was no PD-1 expression, in either the epithelial or +microenvironment, in the thymic hyperplasia group. PD-1 and PD-L1 positivity was +more significant in thymic epithelial tumours than thymic hyperplasia. Patients +with PD-1-positive microenvironments exhibited significantly shorter mean +estimated survival time than their negative counterparts. +CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies may +benefit patients due to high release of PD-1 and PD-L1 in thymic epithelial +tumours. + +© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of +the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless +otherwise expressly granted. + +DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204788 +PMID: 29439008 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: Competing interests: None declared. + + +111. Virchows Arch. 2018 May;472(5):807-814. doi: 10.1007/s00428-018-2305-5. Epub 2018 +Feb 1. + +The landscape of genetic alterations in ameloblastomas relates to clinical +features. + +Gültekin SE(1), Aziz R(2), Heydt C(2), Sengüven B(1), Zöller J(3), Safi AF(3), +Kreppel M(3), Buettner R(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, +Turkey. +(2)Cologne Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße +62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. +(3)Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, +Cologne, Germany. +(4)Cologne Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße +62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. Reinhard.Buettner@uk-koeln.de. + +Ameloblastoma is a mostly benign, but locally invasive odontogenic tumor +eliciting frequent relapses and significant morbidity. Recently, mutually +exclusive mutations in BRAF and SMO were identified causing constitutive +activation of MAPK and hedgehog signaling pathways. To explore further such +clinically relevant genotype-phenotype correlations, we here comprehensively +analyzed a large series of ameloblastomas (98 paraffin block of 76 patients) with +respect to genomic alterations, clinical presentation, and histological features +collected from the archives of three different pathology centers in France, +Germany, and Turkey. In good agreement with previously published data, we +observed BRAF mutations almost exclusively in mandibular tumors, SMO mutations +predominantly in maxillary tumors, and single mutations in EGFR, KRAS, and NRAS. +KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, CDKN2A, FGFR, and CTNNB1 mutations co-occurred in the +background of either BRAF or SMO mutations. Strikingly, multiple mutations were +exclusively observed in European patients, in solid ameloblastomas and were +associated with a very high risk for recurrence. In contrast, tumors with a +single BRAF mutation revealed a lower risk for relapse. We here establish a +comprehensive landscape of mutations in the MAPK and hedgehog signaling pathways +relating to clinical features of ameloblastoma. Our data suggest that +ameloblastomas harboring single BRAF mutations are excellent candidates for +neo-adjuvant therapies with combined BRAF/MEK inhibitors and that the risk of +recurrence maybe stratified based on the mutational spectrum. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2305-5 +PMCID: PMC5978850 +PMID: 29388014 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +112. Virchows Arch. 2018 Jun;472(6):969-974. doi: 10.1007/s00428-018-2302-8. Epub 2018 +Jan 24. + +Reduced immunohistochemical PTEN staining is associated with higher progression +rate and recurrence episodes in non-invasive low-grade papillary urothelial +carcinoma of the bladder. + +Kulac I(1)(2), Arslankoz S(1), Netto GJ(3), Ertoy Baydar D(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Mardin State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, University at Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, +Birmingham, AL, USA. +(4)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. dilekertoy@yahoo.com. + +Non-invasive low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (NILGPUC) of the bladder is +regarded as a relatively indolent disease. However, its propensity for frequent +recurrences constitutes a major clinical problem. Additionally, there is a +progression risk of 10-15% to either a higher grade and/or a higher stage disease +in these tumors. The molecular factors that will predict recurrence and +progression in low-grade pTa bladder carcinoma have not yet been elucidated. +Herein, we investigated the association of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted +on chromosome 10 (PTEN) alterations with recurrence and progression in NILGPUC +using immunohistochemistry. Eighty-one cases of bladder cancer initially +diagnosed as NILGPUC in a single institution with follow-up were encountered +after searching medical records. Tissue microarrays (TMA) that contained both +tumor and non-neoplastic mucosa from each case were constructed using paraffin +blocks of transurethral resections. Sections from TMA blocks were stained +immunohistochemically for PTEN protein and were evaluable in 76 cases. Any +absence of staining was recorded and correlated with clinical findings. Ten +patients (13.2%) showed progression and 41 (53.9%) showed recurrence. Reduced +PTEN expression was observed in 29 cases (38.1%). Cases with reduced PTEN had +higher progression rate compared to cases with intact PTEN (p = 0.026). Tumor +relapse was more frequent in cases with reduced PTEN (65.5 vs 46.8%), but this +difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.112). On the other hand, +decreased PTEN expression was associated with higher number of recurrence +episodes (p = 0.002). PTEN seems to have a link with the disease course in +NILGPUC of the bladder. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2302-8 +PMID: 29368083 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +113. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018 Jun;26(4):318-326. doi: 10.1177/1066896917752442. Epub +2018 Jan 11. + +Compared With Elastin Stains, h-Caldesmon and Desmin Offer Superior Detection of +Vessel Invasion in Gastric, Pancreatic, and Colorectal Adenocarcinomas. + +Ekinci Ö(1), Öğüt B(1), Çelik B(1), Dursun A(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The presence of vessel invasion is considered indicative of a poor +prognosis in many malignant tumors. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of +elastin stains (van Gieson's and orcein methods) with 2 smooth muscle markers +(h-caldesmon and desmin) in gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal adenocarcinoma +specimens. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 27 (29.3%) gastric, 35 (38.0%) pancreatic, and 30 +(32.6%) colorectal resection specimens. We applied a provisional classification +of vessel invasion patterns: type A, a focus with a nearby artery unaccompanied +by a vein; type T, a focus at the invasive front without an unaccompanied artery; +and type X, foci that only appeared by any of the 4 stains used. +RESULTS: There were 369 foci. The smooth muscle markers were more sensitive than +the elastin stains, and h-caldesmon more sensitive than desmin, in all types. +Among the 139 type A foci, 33 (23.7%) were positive by desmin and h-caldesmon, +whereas the elastin stains were not ( P = .001). h-Caldesmon was the only +positive marker in 11 (7.9%; P = .011). Among the 78 type T foci, 21 (26.9%) were +positive by desmin and h-caldesmon, when both elastin stains were negative ( P = +.000). In 16 (20.5%) foci, h-caldesmon was the only positive marker ( P = .002). +Among 152 type X foci, 91 (59.9%) were positive by all markers, 26 (17.1%) by +both desmin and h-caldesmon, and 9 (5.9%) by only the 2 elastin stains ( P = +.001). +CONCLUSION: We recommend these stains for suspect foci in gastric, pancreatic, +and colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens. They might highlight both predictable +and unpredictable foci. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896917752442 +PMID: 29325463 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +114. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Oct-Dec;60(4):510-514. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_204_16. + +Evaluation of MUC1 and P53 expressions in noninvasive papillary urothelial +neoplasms of bladder, their relationship with tumor grade and role in the +differential diagnosis. + +Kaymaz E(1), Ozer E(2), Unverdi H(2), Hucumenoglu S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Bülent Ecevit University Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the usability of MUC1 and p53 +for differential diagnosis of noninvasive papillary urothelial neoplasias, +especially for distinguishing papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant +potential (PUNLMP) from low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (LGPUC) when the +histologic signs are not obvious. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen biopsy specimens of the patients with PUNLMP, 20 +with LGPUC and 13 with high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (HGPUC) were +stained for MUC1 and p53 protein by immunohistochemical methods. Histological +grading was performed according to an algorithm, which allows histological +parameters used in 2004 WHO/ISUP 1998. +RESULTS: We had obvious statistical difference for aberrant expression pattern of +MUC1 between PUNLMP and LGPUC-HGPUC (P = 0.007). Positivity of MUC1 expression in +cytoplasm of basal cells was more observed in HGPUC and LGPUC, whereas PUNLMP was +more often showing apical and superficial positivity of MUC1 expression (P = +0.001 and 0.011). Nuclear p53 protein in HGPUC was obviously more frequent than +that in LGPUC and PUNLMP (P < 0.001). Measures showed statistical difference +among aberrant MUC1 expression, p53 overexpression, and tumor grade (P < 0.001). +CONCLUSIONS: MUC1 and p53 may be helpful immunohistochemical markers for +distinguishing PUNLMP from LGPUC and HGPUC, when the histologic signs are not +obvious. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_204_16 +PMID: 29323063 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +115. Endocr Pathol. 2018 Mar;29(1):49-58. doi: 10.1007/s12022-017-9511-6. + +Positivity for GATA3 and TTF-1 (SPT24), and Negativity for Monoclonal PAX8 Expand +the Biomarker Profile of the Solid Cell Nests of the Thyroid Gland. + +Gucer H(1), Mete O(2)(3)(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, +Rize, Turkey. hasan_gucer@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th +floor, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(3)Endocrine Oncology Site Group, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, +Ontario, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(4)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, +Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. + +Solid cell nests (SCNs) are usually distinguished on conventional H&E-stained +sections; however, the morphological heterogeneity in SCNs and hyperplasia of +these ultimobranchial body remnants can mimic other diagnostic entities including +but not limited to papillary microcarcinoma. In order to confirm the thyroid +follicular epithelial origin and exclude the possibility of SCNs, most +diagnosticians use immunohistochemical biomarkers of thyroid follicular +epithelial cells and/or those of SCNs. While the expression profile of monoclonal +PAX8 has not been reported previously in SCNs, the status of TTF-1 expression +using the 8G7G3/1 clone has been inconsistent among several studies. Given the +potential diagnostic pitfalls, this series investigated the expression profile of +GATA3, monoclonal PAX8, and TTF-1 (SPT24), along with p63, p40, monoclonal +calcitonin, monoclonal CEA, and HBME-1 in a tissue microarray (TMA) of 56 SCNs. +SCNs were all diffusely and strongly positive for TTF-1 (SPT24), p63, and p40, +and were negative for monoclonal PAX8 and calcitonin. Positivity for GATA3 and +monoclonal CEA was identified in 41 (73.2%) and 36 (64.3%) of SCNs. In addition, +18 (32.1%) SCNs displayed HBME-1 reactivity. These findings expand the +immunohistochemical correlates of SCNs by demonstrating positivity for GATA3 and +TTF-1 (SPT24), and negativity for monoclonal PAX8. The identification of +monoclonal CEA expression and HBME-1 in SCNs also underscores the limitations of +these select biomarkers in the distinction of C cell proliferations and papillary +microcarcinoma, respectively. The findings of this series also suggest that +positivity for TTF-1 (SPT24) alone should not be used to confirm the thyroid +follicular epithelial origin. Therefore, the combined use of TTF-1 (SPT24) and +monoclonal PAX8 in association with p63 or p40 provides an accurate distinction +of SCNs. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-017-9511-6 +PMID: 29313264 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +116. Hum Pathol. 2018 Mar;73:128-143. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.12.017. Epub 2018 +Jan 4. + +Effective use of Twitter and Facebook in pathology practice. + +Oltulu P(1), Mannan AASR(2), Gardner JM(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of +Medicine, Konya, Turkey, 42000. Electronic address: drpembe@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, 21287. +(3)Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little +Rock, AR, 72205. + +Social networking has become a part of daily life for most people. In the era of +globalization, it has become indispensable for effective communication between +friends and peers across the world. Today, social media use is not restricted +only to our personal lives; it is becoming increasingly incorporated into our +professional lives, as well. Social media platforms are rapidly becoming a +necessary tool for medical professionals. Apt use of social media platforms can +revolutionize scientific communication and collaboration. Pathologists are +increasingly counted among Facebook's 2 billion users and Twitter's 328 million +members. Social media can be a powerful tool not only for individual career +progression but also for raising the public profile of the specialty of +pathology. It is now possible for us to reach out to millions of people, +simultaneously and instantaneously, just by touching a screen. Real-time +interactions between physicians, across geographic borders and subspecialty +borders, will undeniably open unexplored avenues for effective communication, +consultation, research collaboration, and education. Knowledge sharing through +social media will immensely enrich and grow our careers as pathologists; it will +also enlighten the public and physicians of other specialties as to the crucial +role of pathologists in patient care. We discuss the uses of Facebook and Twitter +in modern day pathology, its implication in routine daily practice, pros and +cons, and tips for effective social media use by pathologists. + +Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.12.017 +PMID: 29307629 + + +117. APMIS. 2018 Feb;126(2):109-113. doi: 10.1111/apm.12790. Epub 2017 Dec 21. + +Dynamics of HCV epidemiology in Aydin province of Turkey and the associated +factors. + +Kirdar S(1), Aydin N(1), Tiryaki Y(2), Ertugrul B(3), Coskun A(4), Bilgen M(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes +University, Aydin, Turkey. +(2)Laboratory of Microbiology, Aydin State Hospital, Aydin, Turkey. +(3)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, School of +Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. +(4)Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, +Aydin, Turkey. +(5)Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, +Aydin, Turkey. + +This paper gives an update on the local distributions of HCV genotypes in Aydin +province of Turkey, provides a comparison with the previous records, and +discusses the potential causal reasons shaping the evolving genotype profiles. +Patient files from 2011 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and newly detected +cases were documented. Out of 286 patients, male and female ratios were +determined to remain nearly the same (~50%). Genotype 1 was still the most common +(90.2%), followed by genotype 3 (5.9%), genotype 2 (2.1%), and genotype 4 (1.4%) +in frequency. There were international patients (4.50%). One patient had +genotyped 2+3 together. Genotypes 4 and 2+3 were detected for the first time, and +the patients with genotype 4 were interestingly all male and also domestic +individuals. However, these patients traveled or lived abroad in the past due to +occupational reasons, thereby likely acquired the infection while abroad. HCV +surveillance system is currently inadequate and some infected patients may go +undetected in the province. Remapping the regional distribution of HCV genotypes +from time-to-time is required for identifying the local dynamics and causes +leading to it. This process enhances the clinical preparation and readiness for +the better management of the disease. + +© 2017 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12790 +PMID: 29271117 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +118. Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Dec 21. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0378-0. [Epub ahead of +print] + +BCL-2 and PAX2 Expressions in EIN which Had Been Previously Diagnosed as +Non-Atypical Hyperplasia. + +Trabzonlu L(1), Muezzinoglu B(2), Corakci A(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe Street, +Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. leventtrabzonlu186@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University School of +Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. + +The relationship between PAX2 and another anti-apoptotic gene, BCL-2, has been +shown in a limited number of studies. The aims of this study are to investigate +the value of PAX2 and BCL-2 expressions in lesions which have been defined as +nonatypical hyperplasia in terms of detecting EIN and to evaluate the relations +of these proteins in EIN. For this purpose, 108 cases of non-atypical endometrial +hyperplasia diagnosed from 2006 to 2011 were re-evaluated. Immunohistochemical +studies with PAX2 and BCL-2 were performed in 20 cases with EIN and 34 cases with +benign hyperplasia. The mean BCL-2 immunohistochemistry scores of benign +hyperplasia and EIN cases were 4.06 ± 1.04 and 4.63 ± 2.03, respectively. The +mean BCL-2 score of EIN cases was significantly higher than benign hyperplasia +(p = 0.021). The mean PAX2 scores of benign hyperplasia and EIN cases were +4.32 ± 1.07 and 2.19 ± 2.34, respectively. The mean PAX2 scores of EIN cases were +significantly lower than benign hyperplasia (p = 0.001). BCL-2 expression was +increased compared to normal endometrium in 66.7% of EIN cases, and PAX2 +expression was decreased in 73.3%. Consistent with this, in 60% of cases, BCL-2 +expression was increased compared to normal endometrium, while PAX2 expression +was decreased. BCL-2 and PAX2 protein expression changes occur in early phases of +endometrial tumorigenesis. These changes are often seen as a simultaneous +increase in BCL-2 expression and decrease in PAX2 expression. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0378-0 +PMID: 29270778 + + +119. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Dec;36(6):445-451. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1379039. +Epub 2017 Dec 8. + +Coexistence of Trisomy 13 and SRY (-) XX Ovotesticular Disorder of Sex +Development. + +Ürel Demir G(1), Doğan ÖA(1), Şimşek Kiper PÖ(1), Utine GE(1), Boduroğlu K(1), +Gucer S(1), Alikaşifoğlu M(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Hacettepe Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Ankara , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Ovotesticular disorder of sex development (OT-DSD) is a rare +disorder of sexual differentiation characterized by the presence of both +testicular and ovarian tissue in an individual and the majority of cases have +been reported with 46,XX karyotype. In 46,XX cases, testicular differentiation +may occur due to the translocation of SRY to the X chromosome or to an autosome. +CASE REPORT: Herein, we present a female newborn with a combination of trisomy 13 +and SRY (-) XX OT-DSD. +CONCLUSION: Trisomy 13 is a relatively common and well-known chromosomal disorder +in which disorders of sexual differentiation are not frequent. In the absence of +SRY, overexpression of pro-testis genes, or decreased expression of +pro-ovarian/anti-testis genes have been suggested as underlying mechanisms of +testicular formation. The findings in this patient were suggestive of an +underlying genomic disorder associated with FGF9 and/or SPRY2. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1379039 +PMID: 29220612 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +120. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Dec;36(6):472-474. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1392662. +Epub 2017 Dec 8. + +NUT Midline Carcinoma of the Lung in a Six-Year-Old Child. + +Karakuş E(1), Poyraz A(2), Oğuz Erdogan AS(3), Emir S(4), Özyörük D(4). + +Author information: +(1)a Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Research and Training Hospital , +Pathology Department , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Gazi University Faculty of Medicine , Department of Pathology , Ankara , +Turkey. +(3)c Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Research and Training Hospital, +Pathology Department , Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Research and Training Hospital , +Pediatric Oncology Department , Ankara , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) midline carcinoma is genetically +defined by rearrangement of NUT or by immunohistochemical expression of NUT. +FINDINGS: A 6-year old child had a NUT midline carcinoma of the lung. Despite +aggressive therapy, the child died. +CONCLUSION: NUT carcinoma, which can be diagnosed immunohistochemically, remains +an aggressive tumor. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1392662 +PMID: 29220605 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +121. Int J Exp Pathol. 2017 Oct;98(5):278-288. doi: 10.1111/iep.12252. Epub 2017 Dec +4. + +Carnosine decreased oxidation and glycation products in serum and liver of +high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. + +Aydın AF(1), Bingül İ(1), Küçükgergin C(1), Doğan-Ekici I(2), Doğru Abbasoğlu +S(1), Uysal M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Yeditepe University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +High-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats provide useful +animal model for type II diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress and advanced +glycation end products (AGEs) play a role in the development of diabetic +complications. Carnosine (CAR) has anti-oxidant and anti-glycating properties. We +investigated the effects of CAR on oxidation and glycation products in HFD+STZ +rats. Rats were fed with HFD (60% of total calories from fat) for 4 weeks, and +then a single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg; i.p.) was applied. Rats with blood glucose +levels above 200 mg/dl were fed with HFD until the end of the 12th week. CAR +(250 mg/kg body weight; i.p.; five times a week) was administered to the rats for +the last four weeks. CAR significantly decreased serum triglyceride (TG) (57.7%), +cholesterol (35.6%) levels and hepatic marker enzyme activities of HFD+STZ rats. +It significantly reduced serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) (23.7%), AGEs +(13.4%) and advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) (35.9%) and hepatic TG +(59%), ROS (26%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (11.5%), protein carbonyl (PC) (19.2%) +and AGE (20.2%) levels. Liver steatosis and hepatocyte ballooning were also +significantly reduced. However, CAR treatment did not alter serum glucose and +blood glycated haemoglobin and hepatic anti-oxidant enzyme activities/mRNA +expressions in HFD+STZ rats. Our results indicate that CAR decreased accumulation +of oxidation and glycation products, such as MDA, AGE, AOPP and PC in the serum +and liver and ameliorated hepatic dysfunction in HFD+STZ rats. This effect may be +related to its anti-oxidative, anti-glycating, and anti-lipogenic potential. + +© 2017 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2017 +International Journal of Experimental Pathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12252 +PMCID: PMC5743804 +PMID: 29205589 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +122. Histopathology. 2018 Apr;72(5):804-813. doi: 10.1111/his.13447. Epub 2018 Jan 31. + +Low-grade spindle cell proliferation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma is +unlikely to be an initial step in sarcomatoid differentiation. + +Tanas Isikci O(1), He H(2), Grossmann P(3), Alaghehbandan R(4), Ulamec M(5), +Michalova K(3), Pivovarcikova K(3), Montiel DP(6), Ondic O(3), Daum O(3), +Prochazkova K(7), Hora M(7), Michal M(3), Hes O(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, +China. +(3)Department of Pathology, Charles University, Medical Faculty and Charles +University Hospital Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic. +(4)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, +Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. +(5)Clinical Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Medical Faculty Zagreb, Zagreb, +Croatia. +(6)Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, +Mexico. +(7)Department of Urology, Charles University, Medical Faculty and Charles +University Hospital Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic. + +AIMS: Spindle cell proliferation within clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) +is usually considered as a sarcomatoid differentiation. Low-grade spindle cell +proliferation (LG-SCP) in ccRCC was first described in 2001. This phenomenon is +not common and can pose diagnostic challenges, particularly in core biopsies. The +aim of this study was to describe morphological, immunohistochemical and +molecular characteristics of ccRCCs with LG-SCP. +METHODS AND RESULTS: Eleven cases of ccRCC with LG-SCP were retrieved from +approximately 21 000 renal tumours in our registry. Ten cases of conventional +ccRCC and 10 cases of typical sarcomatoid ccRCC were included as control groups. +Morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of epithelial-mesenchymal +transition (EMT) were analysed. Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome gene abnormalities +were also analysed using molecular genetics. Among ccRCC with LG-SCP cases, there +were five males and five females (clinical information was not available in one +case) with a median age of 67 years (mean: 68.5, range: 60-81 years). Average +tumour size was 7.1 cm (median:7.5, range:1.7-12 cm). Follow-up data were +available in nine cases (mean: 44.78 months), with no aggressive behaviour seen. +On average, LG-SCP areas constituted 5-80% of tumour volume (mean: 32.3%). +Necrotic/regressed areas were seen in all cases ranging from 5% to 30%. LG-SCP +was clearly epithelial, with no mitoses or any evidence of mesenchymal +differentiation. Immunohistochemical profile of LG-SCP was consistent with +'conventional' ccRCC. Compared with sarcomatoid ccRCC, some EMT markers showed +alteration in LG-SCP, including lower expression of N-cadherin and Zeb1 as well +as higher expression of E-cadherin. However, there were no significant +differences in EMT markers between LG-SCP and conventional ccRCC. Abnormalities +in VHL (mutations, LOH3p) were found in six of 11 cases. +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that LG-SCP in ccRCC have comparable +immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics to those seen in 'conventional' +ccRCC. Further, immunohistochemical analysis of EMT markers showed that LG-SCP +did not differ from 'conventional' ccRCC. We believe that LG-SCP is a part of +morphological heterogeneity in ccRCCs and that they may not represent an initial +stage of sarcomatoid differentiation. This is supported further by the fact that +ccRCC with LG-SCP did not display more aggressive behaviour than 'conventional' +ccRCC. + +© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/his.13447 +PMID: 29194709 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +123. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2018 Jan-Feb;42(1):65-73. doi: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1397075. +Epub 2017 Dec 1. + +Effects of resveratrol on high-fructose-induced testis injury in rats. + +Meydanli EG(1), Gumusel A(1), Ozkan S(1), Tanriverdi G(1), Balci MBC(2), Develi +Is S(3), Hazar AI(2), Uysal M(3), Bekpinar S(3). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Histology & Embryology , Istanbul University Cerrahpasa +Medical Faculty , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Urology , G.O.P Taksim Training and Research Hospital , +Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Biochemistry , Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty , +Istanbul , Turkey. + +This study investigated whether a high-fructose (HFr) diet changes the morphology +of seminiferous tubules (ST) in rats and resveratrol (RES) has a possible +restoring effect in this sense. Fructose (30%; w/v) was administered to rats +alone or together with RES (50 mg/L) in drinking water for 8 weeks. In the HFr +group, destruction of the germinal epithelium led to the detection of immature +germ cells in the lumen. HFr diet gave rise to a decrease in the ST diameters +(p < 0.05), Johnsen's tubular biopsy score values (p < 0.001), and an increase in +the apoptotic index (p < 0.05). Ultrastructurally, HFr feeding increased lipid +accumulation (p < 0.01), mitochondrial damage, and acrosomal abnormalities in +spermatogenic cells. Treatment of HFr -fed rats with RES improved the reduced ST +diameters and overall general histological and ultrastructural abnormalities of +the STs, but did not change the increased apoptotic index. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1397075 +PMID: 29192848 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +124. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2018 Jan-Feb;42(1):39-48. doi: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1374313. +Epub 2017 Dec 1. + +Resveratrol reduces light and electron microscopic changes in +acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: Role of iNOS expression. + +Elbe H(1), Gul M(2), Cetin A(2), Taslidere E(3), Ozyalin F(4), Turkoz Y(4), Otlu +A(2). + +Author information: +(1)a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Mugla Sıtkı +Kocman University , Mugla , Turkey. +(2)b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Inonu +University , Malatya , Turkey. +(3)c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Bezmialem +Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(4)d Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry , Inonu University , +Malatya , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Hepatotoxicity is a major complication of acetaminophen (APAP), a +widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug. Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally +occurring diphenol and it has anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory +properties. +OBJECTIVES: In this study, the beneficial effects of RSV on APAP-induced +hepatotoxicity was investigated in rats. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Group 1: Ethanol, Group 2: Saline, Group 3: RSV +(10 mg/kg/ip), Group 4: APAP (1000 mg/kg/ip/single dose), Group 5: APAP+RSV +(20 min after administration of APAP). The rats were sacrificed 24 h after +administration of APAP. Light and electron microscopic changes were evaluated. +Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and +superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in liver tissue. +RESULTS: Rats of the ethanol, saline, and RSV groups did not present any +histopathological alterations. In the APAP group, we observed vascular +congestion, necrosis, inflammation, sinusoidal dilatation, and loss of glycogen +content. In the APAP+RSV group, these changes were markedly reduced. iNOS +immunostaining showed very weak positive stained hepatocytes the sections of +control, saline, and RSV groups. However, in the APAP group, iNOS immunostaining +was most evident in pericentral hepatocytes. In the same areas in APAP+RSV group, +intensity of iNOS immunostaining decreased. A significant increase in MDA and +decreases in GSH level, CAT, and SOD activity indicated that APAP-induced +hepatotoxicity was mediated through oxidative stress. Significant beneficial +changes were noted in tissue oxidative stress indicators in rats treated with +RSV. +CONCLUSION: These biochemical, histopathological, and ultrastructural findings +revealed that RSV reduced the severity of APAP-induced alterations in liver. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1374313 +PMID: 29192844 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +125. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2018 Jan-Feb;42(1):55-64. doi: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1385668. +Epub 2017 Dec 1. + +Effects of vitamin D on ovary in DHEA-treated PCOS rat model: A light and +electron microscopic study. + +Çelik LS(1), Kuyucu Y(1), Yenilmez ED(2), Tuli A(2), Dağlıoğlu K(3), Mete UÖ(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Cukurova +University , Adana , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Cukurova +University , Adana , Turkey. +(3)c Experimental Research and Application Center of Medical Scienses, Cukurova +University , Adana , Turkey. + +AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D treatment +on ovary in experimentally designed polycystic ovary syndrome of female rats +using light and electron microscopic techniques. +METHODS: Twenty-four female pre-pubertal rats were divided into control, DHEA and +DHEA+Vit.D groups. In DHEA group, the PCOS rat model was developed by 6mg/kg/day +dehydroepiandrosterone administration as subcutaneously injections. In DHEA+Vit.D +group, 6 mg/kg/day DHEA and 120ng/100g/week 1,25(OH)2D3 was performed +simultaneously. Controls were injected with vehicle alone. At the end of the +28 days, blood samples were collected and the ovarian tissues were taken for +histological examinations. +RESULTS: FSH, LH levels, LH/FSH ratio, and testosterone levels showed a +significant increase in DHEA group when compared with the control group. +Moreover, these measurements were lower in the treatment group than the DHEA +group. In DHEA group, increased number of atretic follicles and cystic follicles +were seen with light microscopic analysis. Cystic follicles with attenuated +granulosa cell layers and thickened theca cell layers and lipid accumulation in +interstitial cells were observed by electron microscope. It is observed that +atretic and cystic follicles were decreased as a result of vitamin D treatment. +CONCLUSION: Our results indicate the curative role of vitamin D treatment on the +androgen excess in PCOS rat model which causes abnormalities in ovarian +morphology and functions. Vitamin D has positive effects on the hormonal and +structural changes observed in PCOS, but it has been concluded that long-term use +may be more beneficial. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1385668 +PMID: 29192811 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +126. Mod Pathol. 2018 Apr;31(4):643-651. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.161. Epub 2017 +Dec 1. + +Intramucosal lipomas of the colon implicate Cowden syndrome. + +Caliskan A(1), Kohlmann WK(2), Affolter KE(3), Downs-Kelly E(4), Kanth P(5), +Bronner MP(3). + +Author information: +(1)Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Genetics Counselors, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of +Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology and ARUP Laboratories, University of Utah Health +Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. +(4)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, +Cleveland, OH, USA. +(5)Division of Gastroenterology University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt +Lake City, UT, USA. + +Intramucosal lipomas are rare and easily overlooked by pathologists, despite +their diagnostic significance for Cowden syndrome (PTEN hamartoma tumor +syndrome), an inherited multiorgan cancer syndrome. Only 25-35% of patients +harbor identifiable PTEN mutations, thus clinical features, like intramucosal +lipomas, remain the mainstay of diagnosis. The significance and diagnostic +approach to intramucosal lipomas have not been thoroughly addressed in the +literature. Intramucosal lipomas are mimicked by pseudolipomatosis coli, an +artifactual mucosal gas infiltration from endoscopic insufflation. This +differential was investigated by morphology and S-100 immunohistochemistry. +Twenty-five colonic intramucosal lipomas were identified from 176 archival +gastrointestinal lipomas from 1998 to 2017. Controls included 40 submucosal +lipomas and 30 pseudolipomatoses. S-100 immunohistochemistry on all 95 lesions +confirmed delicate fat vacuole membranous and nuclear S-100 staining in lipomas +absent from pseudolipomatoses. Differentiating morphology between intramucosal +lipoma and pseudolipomatosis, respectively, included consistently large, regular +fat vacuoles (92% vs 7%), associated spindle cells (80% vs 0%), and mucosal +lymphoid aggregate involvement (12% vs 80%). Of the 25 intramucosal lipomas, five +patients (20%) had confirmed Cowden syndrome (four with PTEN mutations). In four +of these Cowden patients, the intramucosal lipoma was the index diagnostic +lesion. Three (12%) intramucosal lipoma patients had additional clinical features +associated with Cowden syndrome, but did not meet the diagnostic criteria. +Sporadic-type intramucosal lipomas were identified in 17 patients (68%) without +evidence of Cowden syndrome, including three with normal PTEN genetic testing. No +distinguishing endoscopic or pathologic polyp features were identified between +sporadic and syndromic intramucosal lipomas. These data provide evidence that +intramucosal lipomas are important harbingers of Cowden syndrome, making up +approximately one-third of this series, the largest in the literature. We also +show for the first time that two-thirds of intramucosal lipomas are sporadic. +Gastrointestinal pathologists, gastroenterologists, and geneticists should +increase their awareness of this subtle but diagnosable lesion strongly +associated with Cowden syndrome. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.161 +PMID: 29192650 + + +127. APMIS. 2018 Jan;126(1):38-44. doi: 10.1111/apm.12783. Epub 2017 Nov 20. + +The value of microscopic-observation drug susceptibility assay in the diagnosis +of tuberculosis and detection of multidrug resistance. + +Sertel Şelale D(1)(2), Uzun M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Microbiology, International School of Medicine, Istanbul +Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Inexpensive, rapid, and reliable tests for detecting the presence and drug +susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) are urgently needed +to control the transmission of tuberculosis. In this study, we aimed to assess +the accuracy and speed of the microscopic-observation drug susceptibility (MODS) +assay in the identification of MTBC and detection of multidrug resistance. Sputum +samples from patients suspected to have tuberculosis were simultaneously tested +with MODS and conventional culture [Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture, BACTEC MGIT™ +960 (MGIT) system], and drug susceptibility testing (MGIT system) methods. A +total of 331 sputum samples were analyzed. Sensitivity and specificity of MODS +assay for detection of MTBC strains were 96% and 98.8%, respectively. MODS assay +detected multidrug resistant MTBC isolates with 92.3% sensitivity and 96.6% +specificity. Median time to culture positivity was similar for MGIT (8 days) and +MODS culture (8 days), but was significantly longer with LJ culture (20 days) +(p < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Median time to availability of the +susceptibility results was significantly (p < 0.0001) shorter with MODS assay +(8 days) than MGIT system (20 days). In conclusion, MODS is an inexpensive and +rapid test with good performance characteristics for direct diagnosis of +tuberculosis and detection of multidrug resistance. + +© 2017 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12783 +PMID: 29154391 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +128. Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Nov 17. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0337-9. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Associations Between Nucleus Size, and Immunohistochemical Galectin-3, +Cytokeratine-19 and Hbme-1 Markers in Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma: A Morphometric +Analyze. + +Toy H(1), Etli O(2), Celik ZE(3), Sezgin Alikanoglu A(4). + +Author information: +(1)Medicine Faculty, Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram, +Konya, Turkey. haticetoy@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Pendik State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Medicine Faculty, Department of Pathology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. + +This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric measurements in cases with +papillary thyroid carcinoma, and determine a cut-off value to support diagnosis. +Fifty cases with a diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were included +in the study with their Galectine-3, CK-19 and HBME-1 immunohistochemical +staining results. Demographic and clinical data gathered from pathology reports, +which included demographic information such as patients' sex, age, macroscopic +tumor size, number of tumor focuses; prognostic parameters such as lenfovascular +invasion, perineural invasion, thyroid capsule invasion; and results of +immunohistochemical CK- 19, Galectin-3 and HBME-1 staining. Longest nuclear +diameters of 150 tumor cells and 150 normal thyrocytes of each case were manually +measured in an image analysis software, and mean longest nuclear diameters +(MLND-TC and MLND-NC), and also tumor cell/normal cell longest nuclear diameter +ratio (TC/NC-LNDR) were calculated. MLND-TC was higher than MLND-NC. The cases +with higher MLND-TC had increased risk of capsule invasion in case of a negative +staining with Galectine-3, HBME-1, or CK-19. When TC/NC-LNDR was high, number of +tumor focus tended to be multiple and lymphovascular invasion risk was also +increased. Subtypes of PTC were not differed regarding staining patterns. And +finally, increased TC/NC-LNDR was associated with increased risk of having poor +prognostic factors. The results of this study suggest that MLND-NC, MLND-TC, and +TC/NCLNDR are valuable and easy-to-use measures, which can assist routine +histology practice. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0337-9 +PMID: 29150742 + + +129. Virchows Arch. 2018 May;472(5):865-869. doi: 10.1007/s00428-017-2270-4. Epub 2017 +Nov 16. + +Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance presenting as monotypic plasma cell +interstitial nephritis in two patients with Sjögren's syndrome. + +Saglam A(1), Balaban S(2), Yıldırım T(3), Erdem Y(3), Uner A(4), Büyükaşık Y(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sıhhıye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. eminearzusaglam@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Hacettepe University +School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hacettepe University +School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sıhhıye, +06100, Ankara, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2270-4 +PMID: 29147924 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +130. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2017 Dec;31:36-40. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.06.005. Epub +2017 Jun 24. + +Comparison of HER2 status determination methods in HER2 (2+) patients: Manual +fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) vs. dual silver enhanced in situ +hybridization (SISH). + +Pehlivanoglu B(1), Serin G(2), Yeniay L(3), Zekioglu O(2), Gokmen E(4), Ozdemir +N(2). + +Author information: +(1)Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. +Electronic address: burcinp@yahoo.com. +(2)Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Ege University, Department of General Surgery, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Ege University, Department of Medical Oncology, Izmir, Turkey. + +HER2 amplification has been demonstrated in 15-25% of invasive breast carcinomas +and can be assessed using immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization methods. +Here, we compared the accuracy of dual SISH to manual FISH in HER2 (2+) breast +carcinoma and evaluated the feasibility of dual SISH method in routine practice. +Sixty HER2 (2+) consecutive tumor samples diagnosed between January 2009 and +February 2013 were selected. Demographic, histological and immunohistochemical +features and FISH results were recruited from patient records and compared to +dual SISH results. Nine (15%) of the 60 tumor samples were excluded from +statistical analysis due to lack of interpretable SISH signals. HER2 staining +percentages by immunohistochemistry differed between 20 and 80%. HER2 +amplification was shown in 7 (13.7%) and 8 (15.7%) patients by FISH and SISH, +respectively. Very good agreement was observed between FISH and SISH methods +(kappa value: 0.92). Significant correlation was found between HER2 staining +percentage and FISH positivity, in contrast to SISH positivity (p=0.012 vs. +p=0.069). Our results are consistent with previously reported literature, +indicating SISH can be used to determine HER2 status. However, preanalytical and +analytical problems may cause inadequate or uncountable signals, making +interpretation impossible for the pathologist and highlighting the importance of +standardization and quality control programs. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.06.005 +PMID: 29146056 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +131. Histol Histopathol. 2018 May;33(5):463-473. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-943. Epub 2017 +Nov 9. + +Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and stereological analysis of the effect +of Ginkgo biloba (Egb761) on the hippocampus of rats exposed to long-term +cellphone radiation. + +Gevrek F(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa +University, Tokat, Turkey. fikret.gevrek@gmail.com. + +Cellular phones are major sources of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) that can +penetrate the human body and pose serious health hazards. The increasingly +widespread use of mobile communication systems has raised concerns about the +effects of cellphone radiofrequency (RF) on the hippocampus because of its close +proximity to radiation during cellphone use. The effects of cellphone EMR +exposure on the hippocampus of rats and the possible counteractive effects of +Ginkgo biloba (Egb761) were aimed to investigate. Rats were divided into three +groups: Control, EMR, and EMR+Egb761. The EMR and EMR+Egb761 groups were exposed +to cellphone EMR for one month. Egb761 was also administered to the EMR+Egb761 +group. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of RF exposure on rat hippocampi at +harmful EMR levels (0.96 W/kg specific absorption rate [SAR]) for one month and +also investigated the possible impact of Ginkgo biloba (Egb761) using +stereological, TUNEL-staining, and immunohistochemical methods. An increase in +apoptotic proteins (Bax, Acas-3) and a decrease in anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) +immunoreactivity along with a decrease in the total granule and pyramidal cell +count were noted in the EMR group. A decrease in Bax and Acas-3 and an increase +in Bcl-2 immunoreactivity were observed in rats treated with Egb761 in addition +to a decrease in TUNEL-stained apoptotic cells and a higher total viable cell +number. In conclusion, chronic cellphone EMR exposure may affect hippocampal cell +viability, and Egb761 may be used to mitigate some of the deleterious effects. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-943 +PMID: 29120031 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +132. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Jan;46(1):40-46. doi: 10.1002/dc.23851. Epub 2017 Nov 8. + +Telecytology: Is it possible with smartphone images? + +Sahin D(1), Hacisalihoglu UP(2), Kirimlioglu SH(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Acibadem Health Group, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ozel Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Yeni Yuzyıl University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Acibadem University Medical Faculty Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to discuss smartphone usage in telecytology and +determine intraobserver concordance between microscopic cytopathological +diagnoses and diagnoses derived via static smartphone images. +METHODS: The study was conducted with 172 cytologic material. A pathologist +captured static images of the cytology slides from the ocular lens of a +microscope using a smartphone. The images were transferred via WhatsApp® to a +cytopathologist working in another center who made all the microscopic +cytopathological diagnoses 5-27 months ago. The cytopathologist diagnosed images +on a smartphone without knowledge of their previous microscopic diagnoses. The +Kappa agreement between microscopic cytopathological diagnoses and smartphone +image diagnoses was determined. +RESULTS: The average image capturing, transfer, and remote cytopathological +diagnostic time for one case was 6.20 minutes. The percentage of cases whose +microscopic and smartphone image diagnoses were concordant was 84.30%, and the +percentage of those whose diagnoses were discordant was 15.69%. The highest Kappa +agreement was observed in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration +(1.000), and the lowest agreement was observed in urine cytology (0.665). Patient +management changed with smart phone image diagnoses at 11.04%. +CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that easy, fast, and high-quality image capturing +and transfer is possible from cytology slides using smartphones. The +intraobserver Kappa agreement between the microscopic cytopathological diagnoses +and remote smartphone image diagnoses was high. It was found that remote +diagnosis due to difficulties in telecytology might change patient management. +The developments in the smartphone camera technology and transfer software make +them efficient telepathology and telecytology tools. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23851 +PMID: 29115040 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +133. Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Dec;125(12):954. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21925. Epub 2017 Nov +6. + +Imaging modalities for the detection of distant metastases in breast cancer +patients diagnosed in the 1970s and 1990s: Does it make any sense? + +Altundag K(1). + +Author information: +(1)Mustafa Kadri Altundag Breast Cancer Clinic, Ankara, Turkey. + +Comment in + Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Dec;125(12):954-955. + +Comment on + Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Oct;125(10):748-756. + +DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21925 +PMID: 29106776 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +134. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 Jan;46(1):3-8. doi: 10.1002/dc.23836. Epub 2017 Oct 12. + +The clinical performance of computer-assisted liquid-based cytology, primary +hrHPV screening, and cotesting at a Turkish Tertiary Care Hospital. + +Kir G(1), Seneldir H(1), Cosan Sarbay B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, İstanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Research and +Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Pathology Department, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare the performance of computer-assisted liquid-based +cytology, primary high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) screening, and +cytology-hrHPV cotesting with regards to the detection rate of cervical cancer +precursor lesions. +METHODS: A total of 22,653 computer-assisted liquid-based cytology specimens +interpreted between 2013 and 2015 were included in the study. We compared the +false-negative rates and sensitivities for computer-assisted liquid-based +cytology, primary hrHPV screening and cytology-hrHPV cotesting among women with +normal and abnormal cytologies. Among 1,748 women who had undergone cotesting, +249 underwent follow-up biopsies. +RESULTS: For detecting biopsy-confirmed high-grade lesions, the sensitivities of +using hrHPV, Pap tests, and cytology-hrHPV cotesting were 90.67%, 88%, and +98.67%, respectively, while the false-negative rates for hrHPV and Pap tests were +9.3% and 12%, respectively. The false negative rate for cotesting was only 1.3%. +CONCLUSION: Based on the significantly high sensitivity and lower false-negative +rates achieved, we conclude that the combination of cytologic screening with +hrHPV testing is the best preferred strategy for detection of cervical precursor +lesions in our country's conditions. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23836 +PMID: 29024512 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +135. J Oral Pathol Med. 2018 Jan;47(1):40-47. doi: 10.1111/jop.12648. Epub 2017 Oct +30. + +Functional analysis of ESM1 by siRNA knockdown in primary and metastatic head and +neck cancer cells. + +Bender O(1), Gunduz M(1)(2), Cigdem S(1), Hatipoglu OF(1), Acar M(1), Kaya M(2), +Grenman R(3), Gunduz E(1), Ugur KS(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of +Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University +Hospital, Turku, Finland. + +BACKGROUND: Genetic factors play a large role in cancer, and thus, there is a +great desire to understand the effects of different genes in cancer and to also +develop gene therapy for better treatments. Therefore, the development of +alternative diagnosis and therapy modalities is of utmost importance. The aim of +our study was to illuminate the role of ESM1 (endothelial cell-specific +molecule-1, also known as Endocan) in proliferation and migration of head and +neck cancer, thus helping to pave the way for new treatment modalities and +predictive biomarkers. +METHODS: ESM1 expression was shown with immunofluorescence assay using confocal +laser scanning microscope in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cells. +ESM1 expression was knocked down by RNA interference in head and neck cancer +cells. Knockdown efficiency was evaluated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and +Western blot. Cell proliferation and migration assays were performed by +xCELLigence real-time cell analysis system. +RESULTS: Immunofluorescence assay showed nuclear localization and high expression +of ESM1 in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cells. ESM1 mRNA and +protein levels were significantly decreased in ESM1-knockdown cells compared to +control. ESM1-knockdown cells showed reduced proliferation and migration activity +when compared to control cells. +CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that ESM1 has roles on proliferation and +migration of head and neck cancer cells. + +© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12648 +PMID: 29024069 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +136. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2017 Nov - Dec;31:54-56. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.07.006. +Epub 2017 Aug 4. + +Primary cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with concurrent high MYC and BCL2 +expression in an immunocompetent Chinese elderly woman. + +Wan Y(1), He D(1), Ye Y(1), Zhang W(2), Zhao S(1), Long Y(1), Chen M(1), Küçük +C(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, +China. +(2)Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, +China. Electronic address: zhangwenyanpath@163.com. +(3)İzmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-izmir), Dokuz Eylul +University, İzmir, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, +Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey. + +Primary cardiac lymphoma is a rare type of extranodal lymphoma that involves only +heart and/or pericardium. It is usually observed in immunodeficient people. +However, immunocompetent patients may also suffer from this disease. Most primary +cardiac lymphomas are of B-cell lineage, and they usually present as diffuse +large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with concurrently +high MYC and BCL2 expression, which is named as double-expressor lymphoma (DEL), +is a rare subtype of DLBCL. Here we report a rare case of a primary cardiac DEL +in an immunocompetent 65-year old Chinese woman. Echocardiography and magnetic +resonance imaging revealed a mass of 6.6 cm×5.6 cm in the right atrium. No tumor +formations were observed in other organs. Histopathologic examination showed that +the cardiac tumor was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, non-germinal center B-cell +type by Hans algorithm. The tumor cells showed high MYC and BCL2 protein +expression by immunohistochemistry, with high proliferative index. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.07.006 +PMID: 28985492 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +137. Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Oct 5. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0322-3. [Epub ahead of +print] + +Genetic Variations of DNA Repair Genes in Breast Cancer. + +Özgöz A(1), Hekimler Öztürk K(2), Yükseltürk A(3), Şamlı H(4), Başkan Z(5), Mutlu +İçduygu F(6), Bacaksız M(7). + +Author information: +(1)Kastamonu School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Kastamonu +University, Kuzeykent Mah, Orgeneral Atilla Ateş Paşa Cd. No: 19 C, 37200, +Kastamonu, Turkey. biologistasu@gmail.com. +(2)School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Süleyman Demirel +University, Isparta, Turkey. +(3)Fazıl Boyner Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and +Dietetics, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey. +(4)School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Uludag University, +Bursa, Turkey. +(5)School of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Acıbadem University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Giresun University, +Giresun, Turkey. +(7)Alanya Çıplaklı Family Health Center, Alanya-Antalya, Turkey. + +Genetic variations in DNA repair genes may affect DNA repair capacity therefore +increase risk for cancer. In our study, we evaluted the relation between DNA +repair gene polymorphisms XRCC1 rs1799782, rs25487, rs25489; XPC rs2228000, +rs2228001; XPD rs1799793, rs13181; XRCC3 rs861539; RAD51B rs10483813, rs1314913 +and breast cancer risk for 202 Turkish cases in total, in which 102 patients with +breast cancer and 100 controls. Genotyping of the DNA samples was carried out by +multiplex PCR and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry +with time of flight measurement (MALDI-TOF) using Sequenom MassARRAY 4 analyzer. +Genotype and allele distributions were calculated between the groups. Odds ratios +(ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. rs25487 AA genotype and A +allele was found to be increased in the control group (respectively, OR 0.16 95% +CI 0.02-1.06, p = 0.058; OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.36, p = 0.043) and rs861539 T +allele was found to be decreased in the patient group (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.01-2.30, +p = 0.049). No association with breast cancer was found for the remaining SNPs. +Our findings suggest that XRCC1 rs25487 AA genotype and A allele, XRCC3 rs861539 +T allele may have protective effects in breast cancer for Turkish population. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0322-3 +PMID: 28983784 + + +138. Cytopathology. 2017 Dec;28(6):563-565. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12467. Epub 2017 Oct 2. + +Nested variant of urothelial carcinoma metastatic to the parotid gland. + +Bayram A(1), Ozluk Y(1), Firat P(1), Yegen G(1), Kilicaslan I(1), Yılmazbayhan +D(1). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12467 +PMID: 28967158 + + +139. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2017 Oct;30:17-20. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.05.007. Epub +2017 May 16. + +Histological, immunohistochemical features and pathogenesis of +pseudoangiosarcomatous urothelial carcinoma. + +Yıldız P(1), Behzatoğlu K(2), Hacıhasanoğlu E(3), Okcu O(4), Durak H(5), Yücetaş +U(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem University, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of +Health, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: +kemal.behsatoglu@istanbuleah.gov.tr. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of +Health, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, RTEU Rize Education and Research +Hospital, Rize, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: hdurak@istanbul.edu.tr. +(6)Department of Urology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of +Health, Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.05.007 +PMID: 28965623 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +140. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Oct;36(5):364-372. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346016. +Epub 2017 Sep 26. + +Pendrin Expression in Preeclampsia: A Prospective Immunohistochemical Staining +Study on Placental Bed Biopsies. + +Anuk AT(1), Kose S(2), Fırat C(3), Ozer E(3), Altunyurt S(2). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Dokuz Eylul University School of +Medicine , Balcova, Izmir , Turkey. +(2)b Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Dokuz +Eylul University School of Medicine , Balcova, Izmir , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Medical Pathology , Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine +, Balcova, Izmir , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: To assess the pendrin expression density in placental bed biopsies +from preeclampsia cases in comparison with healthy term controls. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective case-control study with 106 placental bed +biopsies obtained during cesarean deliveries. Pendrin expression was evaluated by +immunohistochemical staining in different hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. +RESULTS: Pendrin immunostaining frequency was higher in the hypertensive +disorders group (p: 0.024), which was a result of the high frequency in the +early-onset preeclampsia group. Uterine artery pulsatility indices were higher in +pendrin positive patients than in the negatives in the case group. Gravidity was +not found to affect the pendrin expression frequency in the placental bed. +CONCLUSION: Placental ischemia seems to be an important determinant of pendrin +expression in pregnant decidua. Increased pendrin density in early-onset +preeclampsia could be a pathogenetic mechanism in or a part of the adaptational +response to the development of the hypertension. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346016 +PMID: 28949777 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +141. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Oct;36(5):387-399. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1354410. +Epub 2017 Sep 26. + +Adamts 1, 4, 5, 8, and 9 in Early Pregnancies. + +Namli Kalem M(1), Kalem Z(2), Bakirarar B(3), Demircan K(4). + +Author information: +(1)a Liv Hospital , Ankara, Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Gurgan Clinic IVF and Women Health Center , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi , Biostatistics , Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Ankara, Ankara , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to immunohistochemically investigate the +presence and localization of ADAMTS 1, 4, 5, 8 and 9 in decidual and chorionic +tissues in first trimester pregnancy losses. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted with early pregnancy failure +decidual and chorionic tissue samples from 36 pregnant women in the first +trimester of pregnancy (ongoing pregnancies, missed miscarriages, anembryonic +pregnancies) Results: It was observed that the decidual and chorionic tissue +levels of ADAMTS 1, 4, 5, and 8 in ongoing pregnancies were more intensely +expressed when compared with miscarriages. ADAMTS 1 expression was not observed +in the anembryonic pregnancies, ADAMTS 4, 5, and 8 were less intensely expressed. +ADAMTS 9 showed no staining in any group. +CONCLUSION: ADAMTS 1 may be necessary during the decidualization and implantation +stages of early normal pregnancy. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1354410 +PMID: 28949770 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +142. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Jul-Sep;60(3):451-452. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_374_16. + +Helicobacter pylori prevalence and relation with obesity. + +Ozdemir SH(1), Aksu Ç(1), Ozden E(1), Narman I(1), Varlik S(1), Aksu B(2), +Kasimay O(3), Yagci AK(2). + +Author information: +(1)3rd Grade Students of Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Microbiology, Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Physiology, Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_374_16 +PMID: 28937403 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +143. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Jul-Sep;60(3):328-335. doi: +10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_275_16. + +Associations between epidermal growth factor receptor and topoisomerase II-alpha +gene copy number variations, human papillomavirus positivity, and cytologic +analysis in cervical cell lesions. + +Kaya I(1), Sivrikoz ON(2), Etlik Ö(3), Gök A(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Şifa University, Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Şifa University, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Burç Genetics Diagnostic Center, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karşıyaka Government Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecologic cancer +worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading etiological factor +in cervical carcinoma.The aim of this study was to compare HPV positivity, EGFR +and TOP2A gene copy number variations and cervical cytologic findings. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group comprised 100 female volunteers between +21-64 years old. Cytologic analysis was performed using the liquid-based cytology +technique. HPV DNA testing was performed in all cases. Copy number variations +that belong to EGFR and TOP2A genes evaluated by using FISH analysis. +RESULTS: Cytologic analysis of the cervical samples revealed abnormal findings in +13 of the 100 study subjects. ASCUS , LSIL, HSIL were determined in 8, 2 and 3 +cases respectively as the result of cytologic analysis on all cases. Forty-one +(41%) of the 100 women were HPV-positive. Chi-square analysis confirmed that +HPV-positive women showed significantly more abnormal cytology (P = 0.035). EGFR +deletion, TOP2A deletion and both EGFR and TOP2A deletion were determined in 1, 8 +and 1 cases respectively. We found no statistical difference in abnormal +cytologic findings between subjects with these gene deletions and subjects with +normal gene copy numbers (P > 0.05 for both). No cases of amplification were +determined for either gene. +CONCLUSION: As a result, HPV positivity and the determination of changes that may +occur in the gene copy number in patients with abnormal cytology can be an +important tool on account of prognosis. Research with more patients may be +suggested. + +DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_275_16 +PMID: 28937367 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +144. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Oct;36(5):373-379. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346018. +Epub 2017 Sep 20. + +The Association Between Serological Markers of Celiac Disease and Idiopathic +Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. + +Sarikaya E(1)(2), Tokmak A(2), Aksoy RT(2), Pekcan MK(2), Alisik M(3), Alkan +A(4). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Yildirim +Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health +Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Ataturk Training and Research Hospital +, Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine , Yildirim Beyazit +University , Ankara , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Antiphospholipid syndrome, uterine anomalies, and chromosomal +aberrations are identifiable causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Herein, +our aim is to investigate the relationship between celiac disease (CD) specific +antitransglutaminase antibodies (ATA) and unexplained RPL. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross sectional case-control study conducted on +86 women (45 RPL and 41 controls) in a tertiary level maternity hospital. Elisa +kit was used to determine ATA IgA and IgG levels. +RESULTS: One (2.2%) patient with ATA IgG positivity was present in the RPL group. +There were three (7.3%) cases with positive for ATA IgA in the control group, and +one (2.2%) case in the study group. No statistically significant differences were +observed between the groups in terms of ATA IgG and IgA. +CONCLUSION: There is no association between CD markers and unexplained RPL. For +the present, we do not recommend screening for ATA IgA and ATA IgG in patients +with a history of RPL. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346018 +PMID: 28929834 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +145. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2017 Dec;40(6):563-578. doi: 10.1007/s13402-017-0351-7. Epub +2017 Sep 19. + +Opposing roles of the aldo-keto reductases AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in colorectal +cancer. + +Taskoparan B(1), Seza EG(1), Demirkol S(2), Tuncer S(1), Stefek M(3), Gure AO(2), +Banerjee S(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTU/METU), +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology +and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia. +(4)Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTU/METU), +Ankara, Turkey. banerjee@metu.edu.tr. + +PURPOSE: Aldo-keto reductases (including AKR1B1 and AKR1B10) constitute a family +of oxidoreductases that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes +and cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Available data indicate that, +despite their similarities in structure and enzymatic functions, their roles in +CRC may be divergent. Here, we aimed to determine the expression and functional +implications of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in CRC. +METHODS: AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 gene expression levels were analyzed using publicly +available microarray data and ex vivo CRC-derived cDNA samples. Gene Set +Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-seq data and The +Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA) proteome data were analyzed to determine the effect +of high and low AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 expression levels in CRC patients. +Proliferation, cell cycle progression, cellular motility, adhesion and +inflammation were determined in CRC-derived cell lines in which these genes were +either exogenously overexpressed or silenced. +RESULTS: We found that the expression of AKR1B1 was unaltered, whereas that of +AKR1B10 was decreased in primary CRCs. GSEA revealed that, while high AKR1B1 +expression was associated with increased cell cycle progression, cellular +motility and inflammation, high AKR1B10 expression was associated with a weak +inflammatory phenotype. Functional studies carried out in CRC-derived cell lines +confirmed these data. Microarray data analysis indicated that high expression +levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 were significantly associated with shorter and +longer disease-free survival rates, respectively. A combined gene expression +signature of AKR1B10 (low) and AKR1B1 (high) showed a better prognostic +stratification of CRC patients independent of confounding factors. +CONCLUSIONS: Despite their similarities, the expression levels and functions of +AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 are highly divergent in CRC, and they may have prognostic +implications. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0351-7 +PMID: 28929377 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +146. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2017 Dec;38(4):289-293. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000350. + +Laryngohyoid Fractures in Fatal Nonhomicidal Falls From a Height. + +Eş H(1), Şahin MF, Özdemir E. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Council of Forensic Medicine, Bingöl Branch Office, Bingöl; †Council +of Forensic Medicine, İstanbul; and ‡Council of Forensic Medicine, Muş Branch +Office, Muş, Turkey. + +In cases of fall from a height, the presence of laryngohyoid fracture or bleeding +at autopsy constitutes a suspicion of strangulation before trauma in these types +of cases. This study has aimed to investigate the incidence of laryngohyoid +fractures in nonhomicidal fall from height cases, and their relationship with +age, sex, height of fall, body mass index, and other injuries.A total of 170 +cases proven to be nonhomicidal falls from height with certain witnesses and +evidences in 4683 autopsy cases in 2013 were included in this study.The mean age +of the patients included in the study was 39.96 ± 22.25, and 70.6% of the cases +were men. It was found that 118 (69.4%) of the deaths were accidental and 52 +(30.6%) were suicidal. Laryngohyoid fracture was determined in 9.4% of the cases. +In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, it was found that as the height +increased, the incidence of hyoid bone fracture increased, and as the age +increased, the incidence of thyroid cartilage fracture increased significantly. +Furthermore, in cases with cervical spine fractures, the incidence of hyoid bone +fracture, and in cases with clavicle or cervical spine fractures, the incidence +of thyroid cartilage fracture were observed to be significantly higher.When there +is a suspicion in falls from height with laryngohyoid fractures, the height of +fall, the age of case, and the injury in the adjacent bones contribute to the +determination of the cause and manner of death. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000350 +PMID: 28926347 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +147. Am J Surg Pathol. 2018 Feb;42(2):201-213. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000943. + +Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma. + +Mete O(1)(2)(3), Gucer H(4), Kefeli M(5), Asa SL(1)(2)(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University Health Network. +(2)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto. +(3)Endocrine Oncology Site Group, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, +ON, Canada. +(4)Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize. +(5)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. + +The diagnosis of low-grade adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) confined to the +adrenal gland can be challenging. Although there are diagnostic and prognostic +molecular tests for ACC, they remain largely unutilized. We examined the +diagnostic and prognostic value of altered reticulin framework and the +immunoprofile of biomarkers including IGF-2, proteins involved in cell +proliferation and mitotic spindle regulation (Ki67, p53, BUB1B, HURP, NEK2), DNA +damage repair (PBK, γ-H2AX), telomere regulation (DAX, ATRX), wnt-signaling +pathway (beta-catenin) and PI3K signaling pathway (PTEN, phospho-mTOR) in a +tissue microarray of 50 adenomas and 43 carcinomas that were characterized for +angioinvasion as defined by strict criteria, Weiss score, and mitotic rate-based +tumor grade. IGF-2 and proteins involved in cell proliferation and mitotic +spindle regulation (Ki67, p53, BUB1B, HURP, NEK2), DNA damage proteins (PBK, +γ-H2AX), regulators of telomeres (DAXX, ATRX), and beta-catenin revealed +characteristic expression profiles enabling the distinction of carcinomas from +adenomas. Not all biomarkers were informative in all carcinomas. IGF-2 was the +most useful biomarker of malignancy irrespective of tumor grade and +cytomorphologic features, as juxtanuclear Golgi-pattern IGF-2 reactivity +optimized for high specificity was identified in up to 80% of carcinomas and in +no adenomas. Loss rather than qualitative alterations of the reticulin framework +yielded statistical difference between carcinoma and adenoma. Angioinvasion +defined as tumor cells invading through a vessel wall and intravascular tumor +cells admixed with thrombus proved to be the best prognostic parameter, +predicting adverse outcome in the entire cohort as well as within low-grade ACCs. +Low mitotic tumor grade, Weiss score, global loss of DAXX expression, and high +phospho-mTOR expression correlated with disease-free survival, but Weiss score +and biomarkers failed to predict adverse outcome in low-grade disease. Our +results underscore the importance of careful morphologic assessment coupled with +ancillary diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of ACC. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000943 +PMID: 28877067 + + +148. Am J Surg Pathol. 2018 Jan;42(1):28-38. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000938. + +Recurrent BRAF Gene Fusions in a Subset of Pediatric Spindle Cell Sarcomas: +Expanding the Genetic Spectrum of Tumors With Overlapping Features With Infantile +Fibrosarcoma. + +Kao YC(1)(2), Fletcher CDM(3), Alaggio R(4), Wexler L(5), Zhang L(1), Sung YS(1), +Orhan D(6), Chang WC(7)(8)(9), Swanson D(10), Dickson BC(10), Antonescu CR(1). + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology. +(2)Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University. +(3)Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, +Boston, MA. +(4)Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital UPMC Pittsburgh, PA. +(5)Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. +(6)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei. +(8)Department of Pathology, MacKay Medical College. +(9)Department of Pathology, MacKay Medicine, Nursing, and Management College, New +Taipei City, Taiwan. +(10)Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, +ON, Canada. + +Infantile fibrosarcomas (IFS) represent a distinct group of soft tissue tumors +occurring in patients under 2 years of age and most commonly involving the +extremities. Most IFS show recurrent ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusions, sensitivity to +chemotherapy, and an overall favorable clinical outcome. However, outside these +well-defined pathologic features, no studies have investigated IFS lacking +ETV6-NTRK3 fusions, or tumors with the morphology resembling IFS in older +children. This study was triggered by the identification of a novel SEPT7-BRAF +fusion in an unclassified retroperitoneal spindle cell sarcoma in a 16-year-old +female by targeted RNA sequencing. Fluorescence in situ hybridization screening +of 9 additional tumors with similar phenotype and lacking ETV6-NTRK3 identified 4 +additional cases with BRAF gene rearrangements in the pelvic cavity (n=2), +paraspinal region (n=1), and thigh (n=1) of young children (0 to 3 y old). +Histologically, 4 cases including the index case shared a fascicular growth of +packed monomorphic spindle cells, with uniform nuclei and fine chromatin, and a +dilated branching vasculature; while the remaining case was composed of compact +cellular sheets of short spindle to ovoid cells. In addition, a minor small blue +round cell component was present in 1 case. Mitotic activity ranged from 1 to +9/10 high power fields. Immunohistochemical stains were nonspecific, with only +focal smooth muscle actin staining demonstrated in 3 cases tested. Of the +remaining 5 BRAF negative cases, further RNA sequencing identified 1 case with +EML4-NTRK3 in an 1-year-old boy with a foot IFS, and a second case with +TPM3-NTRK1 fusion in a 7-week-old infant with a retroperitoneal lesion. Our +findings of recurrent BRAF gene rearrangements in tumors showing morphologic +overlap with IFS expand the genetic spectrum of fusion-positive spindle cell +sarcomas, to include unusual presentations, such as older children and +adolescents and predilection for axial location, thereby opening new +opportunities for kinase-targeted therapeutic intervention. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000938 +PMCID: PMC5730460 [Available on 2019-01-01] +PMID: 28877062 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +149. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2017 Dec;38(4):306-311. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000344. + +Analysis of Tractor-Associated Fatalities. + +Türkoğlu A(1), Sehlikoğlu K, Tokdemir M. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Forensic Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Firat University, +Elazig; and †Forensic Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Katip Çelebi +University, Izmir, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Tractor is regarded as a key equipment in +agriculture, and it is also used for transportation and transfer purposes in +addition to its agricultural use. Accidents resulting in death in farmlands are +frequently encountered. Tractor-related fatalities are the most common ones among +the deaths after farm accidents. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics +of tractor-related deaths and to discuss the measures that could be taken to +prevent these deaths. +METHODS: In this study, 42 cases who underwent postmortem examination and/or +autopsy because of tractor fatalities in the province of Elazig between January +2005 and December 2016 were examined retrospectively with such variables as sex, +age, month and season of incident, cause of incident, location of incident, +position of case, and injured region. +RESULTS: Of the cases, 36 (85.7%) were male, and 6 (14.3%) were female. The +youngest case was 2 years old, and the oldest case was 83 years old; the mean age +was 43.3 ± 25.0 years. Examining the deaths regarding the cause of incident +showed that tractor rollover was the most common cause (42.9%). This was followed +by being run over by the tractor (19.0%). Of the cases, 24 (57.1%) were drivers, +10 (23.8%) were passengers, and 8 (19.0%) were pedestrians. +CONCLUSIONS: Tractor-related fatalities due to tractor rollover are most often +seen. To reduce the deaths caused by this reason, drivers should have special +training and technical support, use helmets and seatbelts in the tractor, and +have a health check at certain intervals (especially the drivers at advanced +age). + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000344 +PMID: 28863127 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +150. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Nov;45(11):976-982. doi: 10.1002/dc.23803. Epub 2017 Sep +1. + +Cytological and cytomorphometric characteristics of buccal mucosa cells from +smokeless tobacco users. + +Dagli AF(1), Sahin N(2), Bozdag Z(3), Ucer O(1), Akatli AN(2), Artas G(1), Sahin +İ(4)(5), Yardim M(4), Dalkilic S(6), Akkoc RF(7), Simsek S(1), Aydin S(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Firat University, Elazig 23190, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27310, Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Biochemistry (Firat Hormones Research Group), School of +Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23190, Turkey. +(5)Department of Histology and Embryology, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24100, +Turkey. +(6)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Firat University, Elazig 23119, +Turkey. +(7)Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23190, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) is increasing in many communities. We +investigated whether ST alters the cytological and cytomorphometric features of +buccal mucosa cells. +METHODS: Twenty male participants who had used Nicotiana rustica Linn.-containing +ST (Maras powder) for at least 10 years, and 20 healthy male controls who did not +use ST, were included in this study. After rinsing the mouth with water, samples +were taken using a toothbrush from the buccal mucosa of subjects in both groups. +Samples were gently spread over a glass slide. After applying a cytofixative +spray, the Papanicolaou method was used to stain the slides. The presence of +dysplasia, dyskeratosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, +karyorrhexis, and pyknosis was evaluated by light microscopy, as were the +increment amount of candida, cocco-bacillus, and Leptotrichia buccalis. +Cytomorphometric analysis was performed and at least 20 cells with well-defined +borders were evaluated from each slide, and the cellular diameter (CD), nuclear +diameter (ND), and nucleus/cytoplasm (N/C) ratio of the cells were analyzed using +a 60× objective. +RESULTS: Other than the presence of dysplasia and candida, all measured +cytological parameters were significantly higher in the ST users than in the +non-ST users. Furthermore, CD was lower while nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio was +higher in the ST users than in those non-ST users. +CONCLUSION: Cytological changes associated with the use of ST, include +dyskeratosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, karyorrhexis, +pyknosis together with increase in the bacterial population of cocco-bacillus and +L. buccalis. There were no significant differences in patients with dysplasia in +spite of reduction of CD, increased nuclear size and N/C ratio. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23803 +PMID: 28862802 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +151. Mod Pathol. 2018 Jan;31(1):141-149. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.103. Epub 2017 +Sep 1. + +Molecular testing for the clinical diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma. + +Graham RP(1), Yeh MM(2), Lam-Himlin D(3), Roberts LR(1), Terracciano L(4), Cruise +MW(5), Greipp PT(1), Zreik RT(6), Jain D(7), Zaid N(8), Salaria SN(8), Jin L(1), +Wang X(1), Rustin JG(1), Kerr SE(1), Sukov WR(1), Solomon DA(9), Kakar S(9), +Waterhouse E(9), Gill RM(9), Ferrell L(9), Alves VA(10), Nart D(11), Yilmaz +F(11), Roessler S(12), Longerich T(13), Schirmacher P(12), Torbenson MS(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, +USA. +(2)Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. +(3)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, +USA. +(4)Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital +Basel, Basel, Switzerland. +(5)Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. +(6)Department of Pathology, Baylor Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Temple, TX, +USA. +(7)Department of Pathology, Yale, New Haven, CT, USA. +(8)Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, +Nashville, TN, USA. +(9)Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San +Francisco, CA, USA. +(10)Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da +Universidade de, São Paulo, Brazil. +(11)Department of Pathology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. +(12)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. +(13)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany. + +Fibrolamellar carcinoma has a distinctive morphology and immunophenotype, +including cytokeratin 7 and CD68 co-expression. Despite the distinct findings, +accurate diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma continues to be a challenge. +Recently, fibrolamellar carcinomas were found to harbor a characteristic somatic +gene fusion, DNAJB1-PRKACA. A break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization +(FISH) assay was designed to detect this fusion event and to examine its +diagnostic performance in a large, multicenter, multinational study. Cases +initially classified as fibrolamellar carcinoma based on histological features +were reviewed from 124 patients. Upon central review, 104 of the 124 cases were +classified histologically as typical of fibrolamellar carcinoma, 12 cases as +'possible fibrolamellar carcinoma' and 8 cases as 'unlikely to be fibrolamellar +carcinoma'. PRKACA FISH was positive for rearrangement in 102 of 103 (99%) +typical fibrolamellar carcinomas, 9 of 12 'possible fibrolamellar carcinomas' and +0 of 8 cases 'unlikely to be fibrolamellar carcinomas'. Within the +morphologically typical group of fibrolamellar carcinomas, two tumors with +unusual FISH patterns were also identified. Both cases had the fusion gene +DNAJB1-PRKACA, but one also had amplification of the fusion gene and one had +heterozygous deletion of the normal PRKACA locus. In addition, 88 conventional +hepatocellular carcinomas were evaluated with PRKACA FISH and all were negative. +These findings demonstrate that FISH for the PRKACA rearrangement is a clinically +useful tool to confirm the diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma, with high +sensitivity and specificity. A diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma is more +accurate when based on morphology plus confirmatory testing than when based on +morphology alone. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.103 +PMCID: PMC5758901 +PMID: 28862261 + + +152. Hum Pathol. 2018 Mar;73:7-15. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.08.018. Epub 2017 Aug +26. + +Thymoma: a clinicopathological correlation of 1470 cases. + +Weissferdt A(1), Kalhor N(1), Bishop JA(2), Jang SJ(3), Ro J(4), Petersson F(5), +Wu B(5), Langman G(6), Bancroft H(6), Bi Y(7), Meng Y(7), Medeiros F(8), +Brunnstrom H(9), Spagnolo D(10), Chai SM(10), Laycock A(10), Wakely PE Jr(11), +Elmberger G(12), Soares FA(13), Campos AH(13), Gumurdulu D(14), Alvarado-Cabrero +I(15), Coppola D(16), Correa AM(17), Rice D(17), Mehran RJ(17), Sepesi B(17), +Walsh G(17), Kaiser L(18), Moran CA(19). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology at MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. +(2)The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. +(3)Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of +Korea. +(4)Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. +(5)National University Hospital, Singapore. +(6)Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom. +(7)Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, +and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking, China. +(8)Serv Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Pulido Valente, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa +Norte, Lisboa, Portugal. +(9)Lund University, Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, +Pathology, Lund, Sweden. +(10)PathWest Laboratory Medicine Western Australia; University of Western +Australia, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, Western +Australia, Australia; University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, +Australia. +(11)The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. +(12)Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pathology Orebro University Hospital, +Orebro, Sweden. +(13)A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil. +(14)Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey. +(15)Mexican Oncology Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico. +(16)Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA. +(17)Departments of Thoracic Surgery at M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, +USA. +(18)Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. +(19)Department of Pathology at MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. +Electronic address: cesarmoran@mdanderson.org. + +We present 1470 surgical resections for thymoma identified in the pathology files +of 14 institutions from 11 countries with the purpose of determining and +correlating a simplified histological classification of thymoma and pathological +staging with clinical outcome. The study population was composed of 720 men and +750 women between the ages of 12 and 86 years (average, 54.8 years). Clinically, +137 patients (17%) had a history of myasthenia gravis, 31 patients (3.8%) of +other autoimmune disease, and 55 (6.8%) patients of another neoplastic process. +Surgical resection was performed in all patients. Histologically, 1284 (87.13%) +cases were thymomas (World Health Organization types A, B1, and B2, and mixed +histologies), and 186 (12.7%) were atypical thymomas (World Health Organization +type B3). Of the entire group, 630 (42.9%) were encapsulated thymomas, and 840 +(57.9%) were invasive thymomas in different stages. Follow-up information was +obtained in 1339 (91%) patients, who subsequently were analyzed by univariate and +multivariate statistical analysis. Follow-up ranging from 1 to 384 months was +obtained (mean, 69.2 months) showing tumor recurrence in 136 patients (10.1%), +whereas 227 died: 64 (28.2%) due to tumor and 163 (71.8%) due to other causes. +Statistical analysis shows that separation of these tumors into thymoma and +atypical thymoma is statistically significant (P = .001), whereas tumor staging +into categories of encapsulated, minimally invasive, and invasion into adjacent +organs offers a meaningful clinical assessment with a P = .038. Our findings +suggest that our simplified histological schema and pathological staging system +are excellent predictors of clinical outcome. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.08.018 +PMID: 28851660 + + +153. Hum Pathol. 2017 Dec;70:143. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.06.024. Epub 2017 Aug +23. + +Atypical mitoses in pleomorphic lipomas. + +Michal M(1), Babaoglu B(2), Kazakov DV(3), Michal(3), Kosemehmetoglu K(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, +32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic; Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, +Charles University, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic. Electronic address: +michael.michal@seznam.cz. +(2)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, +32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic. + +Comment on + Hum Pathol. 2017 Jul;65:140-146. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.06.024 +PMID: 28843712 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +154. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Jul;24(3):679-688. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0289-0. Epub +2017 Aug 25. + +Nephronectin is Decreased in Metastatic Breast Carcinoma and Related to +Metastatic Organs. + +Dilmac S(1), Erin N(2), Demir N(1), Tanriover G(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University School of Medicine, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Pharmacology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University School of Medicine, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey. +gamzetanriover@akdeniz.edu.tr. + +Breast cancer causes death mostly due to distant metastasis. During metastasis, +cancer cells create new conditions in which normal tissue structure can be +disturbed. Nephronectin, which is the primary ligand for α8β1 integrin, plays an +important role in kidney development. There are conflicting findings regarding +its role in cancer progression and metastasis, especially in breast carcinoma. +The aim of this study was to determine changes in nephronectin expression in +primary tumor tissues and metastatic visceral organs, using metastatic and +non-metastatic cell lines in a mouse model of breast cancer. In our study, +4T1-Liver Metastatic and 4T1-Heart Metastatic cells, originally derived from +4T1-murine breast carcinoma, and non-metastatic 67NR carcinoma cells were used. +Cancer cells were injected orthotopically into the mammary gland of 8-10 week-old +Balb-c mice. Primary tumors, lung, liver tissues were collected on 12th and 25th +days after the tumor injection. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine +expression of nephronectin in tissues. We also investigated the expression levels +of the protein by using western blot technique. We found that lung and liver +tissue of control animals (not-injected with tumor cells) expressed nephronectin +which was lost in animals bearing metastatic tumor for 25 days. In accordance, +nephronectin staining of lung and liver was preserved in animals injected with +non-metastatic 67NR tumors. These results demonstrate that loss of nephronectin +may play an important role in formation metastatic milieu for cancer cells. This +is the first study demonstrating that tumor-induced loss of nephronectin +expression in visceral organs in which metastatic growth takes place. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0289-0 +PMID: 28842827 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +155. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Oct;45(10):889-894. doi: 10.1002/dc.23793. Epub 2017 Aug +18. + +Comparative analysis of diagnostic adequacy rate between aspiration and +nonaspiration techniques of fine-needle cytology in patients with thyroid cancer +and ultrasonographically suspicious cervical lymph nodes. + +Aydin C(1), Dellal FD(2), Tam AA(1), Ogmen B(2), Kilicarslan A(3), Topaloglu +O(1), Ersoy R(1), Cakir B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Training and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, +Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare nonaspiration (NAS) and aspiration (AS) +techniques in the evaluation of fine-needle cytology of lymph node (FNC-LN) in +terms of diagnostic adequacy of cytologic material. +METHODS: One hundred and twenty-three superficial cervical LNs in 75 patients who +underwent NAS and AS-FNC-LN in the same visit were evaluated. Cytological results +were categorized as diagnostic and nondiagnostic. +RESULTS: The rates of malignancy were 13.8% in AS versus 16.3% in NAS technique, +whereas nondiagnostic cytology was detected in 43.1% and 25.2%, respectively +(P = .549 and P < .01). +CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic adequacy rate in NAS-FNC-LN was significantly higher +than AS-FNC-LN. However, NAS technique seems to be more simple and comfortable. +We suggest both NAS and AS-FNC-LN in cytologic evaluation of suspicious cervical +LNs until the diagnostic accuracy is determined with prospective studies. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23793 +PMID: 28834301 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +156. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2017 Aug;29:37-40. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.01.011. Epub +2017 Apr 29. + +Unusual locations of hydatid disease: A 10-year experience from a tertiary +reference center in Western Turkey. + +Gun E(1), Etit D(2), Buyuktalanci DO(2), Cakalagaoglu F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and +Research Hospital, Basin Sitesi, 35360 Karabaglar, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic +address: dreylulgun@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and +Research Hospital, Basin Sitesi, 35360 Karabaglar, Izmir, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Hydatid disease is an endemic parasitic infection caused by +Echinococcus granulosus mostly seen in the Mediterranean countries. The most +affected organ is the liver, however hydatidosis can be found anywhere in the +human body. +METHODS: The records of patients who were diagnosed with hydatid disease in our +hospital from December 2005 to February 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The +cases were evaluated and recorded depending on their gender, age and the +localization of the cysts. +RESULTS: A total of 329 patients diagnosed over a 10-year period were included in +our study. There were 202 females (61.4%) and 127 males (38.6%). The hydatid +cysts were located in the liver in 257 (78.1%) patients and in unusual locations +in 72 (21.9%) patients. The most common unusual site for hydatid cysts was the +spleen followed by bones, central nervous system, soft tissue, the kidney and the +gall bladder. Amongst these 72 patients who had hydatid cysts in unusual +locations; 33 patients had concomitant liver hydatidosis, whereas 39 patients had +primary involvement of unusual sites. Two patients with malignancies also had +hydatid cysts in different locations. +CONCLUSION: Hydatid disease affects many organs in the body and therefore it can +pose a major diagnostic dilemma and it may mimic other entities. In endemic +areas, a differential diagnosis of hydatid disease should be considered for +cystic masses in any anatomical location. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.01.011 +PMID: 28807340 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +157. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017 Oct;41(10):1347-1363. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000919. + +Paraduodenal Pancreatitis: Imaging and Pathologic Correlation of 47 Cases +Elucidates Distinct Subtypes and the Factors Involved in its Etiopathogenesis. + +Muraki T(1), Kim GE, Reid MD, Mittal P, Bedolla G, Memis B, Pehlivanoglu B, +Freedman A, Erbarut Seven I, Choi H, Kooby D, Maithel SK, Sarmiento JM, +Krasinskas A, Adsay V. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of *Pathology and Laboratory Medicine §Radiology ∥Epidemiology +**Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA †Department of +Gastroenterology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan +‡Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, +CA ¶Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey #Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea. + +Clinicopathologic characteristics of paraduodenal (groove) pancreatitis (PDP) +remain to be fully unraveled. In this study, 47 PDPs with preoperative enhanced +images available were subjected to detailed comparative analysis in conjunction +with pathologic findings. PDP were predominantly in males (3:1) with a mean age +of 50 years, and 60% had a preoperative diagnosis of cancer. Mean lesional size +was 3.1 cm. Three distinct subtypes were identified by imaging. Solid-tumoral +(type-1) with groove-predominant (type-1A, 36%) forming a distinct solid band +between the duodenum and pancreas often with histologic microabscesses (69% vs. +33% in others), and pancreas-involving (type-1B, 19%) forming a pseudotumoral +mass spanning into the head-groove area, always diagnosed preoperatively as +"cancer," but often lacked parenchymal atrophy of the body (44% vs. 92%). +Cyst-forming (type-2) had groove-predominant (type-2A, 15%), often accompanied by +Brunner gland hyperplasia, and pancreas-predominant (type-2B, 15%) were in +younger (mean: 44 y) females (57% vs. 18%) and had less alcohol/tobacco abuse +(50/33% vs. 81/69%). Ill-defined (type-3; 15%) often had main pancreatic duct +dilatation (mean: 5.6 vs. 2.8 mm). The capricious presentations of PDP could be +attributed to variable effects of different mechanistic and precipitative +etiopathogenetic factors such as disturbed accessory duct outflow (dilated +Santorini duct, 87%), aggravated by alcohol (77%) with superimposed stasis in the +main ampulla (previous cholecystectomy, 47%; choledocholithiasis, 9%), strictured +Wirsung duct (68%), and some likely exacerbated by ischemia (hypertension [59%], +tobacco abuse [64%], arteriosclerosis in the tissue [23%]). In conclusion, our +study identified 3 distinct types of PDP and each may reflect different +pathogenetic contributing factors. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000919 +PMID: 28795998 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +158. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 Sep;213(9):1139-1143. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.07.005. Epub +2017 Jul 6. + +Thymosin beta-4 overexpression correlates with high-risk groups in gastric +gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A retrospective analysis by +immunohistochemistry. + +Şahin S(1), Ekinci O(2), Seçkin S(3), Dursun A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Bozok University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes +Bulvarı, No: 44, 66200, Yozgat, Turkey. Electronic address: sevcelik82@gmail.com. +(2)Gazi University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 06500, Beşevler, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Bozok University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes +Bulvarı, No: 44, 66200, Yozgat, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) is a protein that is linked to a number of +important biological actions and recently tumor progression and poor prognosis of +some tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate Tβ4 expression in gastric +GISTs and correlate with some clinicopathological characteristics related with +prognosis and clinical outcome in order to add further data to the current +literature. +METHODS: Tβ4 antibody was applied to the 4μm-thick paraffin sections of 57 +gastric GISTs by immunohistochemistry. +RESULTS: Tβ4 expression was found to be directly corrrelated with higher risk +groups, tumor size, mitotic count, cellularity, and necrosis while it was +inversely correlated with overall survival (OS) by univariate analysis (p=0.000, +p=0.001, p=0.000, p=0.025, p=0.023, and p=0.042, respectively). The direct +association between Tβ4 expression and risk groups were also supported by +multivariate analysis (p=0.000, β=0.497, t=4.374). +CONCLUSION: Overexpression of Tβ4 was found to be related with predictive +characteristics for tumor progression and adverse prognosis. Thus, we suggest +that overexpression of Tβ4 might play a role in the progression of gastric GISTs +and might be used as a potential prognostic tool as well as a target for novel +therapies. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.07.005 +PMID: 28756979 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +159. Cytopathology. 2017 Oct;28(5):400-406. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12437. Epub 2017 Jul 20. + +Comparison of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy results before and after +implementation of Bethesda classification. + +Ozdemir D(1), Bestepe N(1), Faki S(1), Kilicarslan A(2), Parlak O(3), Ersoy R(1), +Cakir B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Ankara +Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The Bethesda classification was introduced in 2008 to provide +standardisation in the evaluation of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology +(FNAC). We compared the diagnostic value of pre-Bethesda and Bethesda +classification systems in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid +nodules. +METHODS: Medical records of patients who underwent a thyroidectomy between June +2007 and June 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Nodules evaluated with FNAC +before March 2010 were classified as pre-Bethesda (non-diagnostic, benign, +indeterminate, suspicious for malignancy and malignant), and those evaluated +after March 2010 were considered Bethesda (non-diagnostic, benign, atypia of +undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance, +follicular neoplasia/suspicious for follicular neoplasia, suspicious for +malignancy and malignant). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value +(PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of the two classification +systems were calculated. +RESULTS: There were 1810 nodules in the pre-Bethesda and 5115 nodules in the +Bethesda group. The non-diagnostic rate was significantly higher, and benign and +suspicious for malignancy rates were lower in Bethesda compared with the +pre-Bethesda group (P<.001 for each). When benign cytology was considered +negative, and indeterminate, follicular neoplasia/suspicious for follicular +neoplasia, suspicious for malignancy and malignant cytologies were considered +positive, results for pre-Bethesda and Bethesda were as follows: sensitivity, +78.9% and 78.5%; specificity, 86.6% and 97.0%; PPV, 42.8% and 72.6%; NPV, 97% and +97.8%; and accuracy, 85.7% and 95.3%, respectively. +CONCLUSIONS: Among operated nodules, percentages of benign and suspicious for +malignancy cytologies decreased, and percentages of non-diagnostic and uncertain +cytologies increased with the implementation of Bethesda. The diagnostic value of +FNAC seems to have increased with the use of Bethesda classification. + +© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12437 +PMID: 28727204 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +160. Virchows Arch. 2018 Jan;472(1):111-123. doi: 10.1007/s00428-017-2197-9. Epub 2017 +Jul 17. + +Newcomers in paediatric GI pathology: childhood enteropathies including very +early onset monogenic IBD. + +Ensari A(1), Kelsen J(2), Russo P(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, Sihhiye, 06100, +Ankara, Turkey. ensariarzu@gmail.com. +(2)Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's +Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School at the University of Pennsylvania, 3401 +Civic Center Boulevard, 5 NW26, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of +Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, 3401 +Civic Center Boulevard, 5 NW26, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. + +Childhood enteropathies are a group of diseases causing severe chronic +(>2-3 weeks) diarrhoea often starting in the first week of life with the +potential for fatal complications for the affected infant. Early identification +and accurate classification of childhood enteropathies are, therefore, crucial +for making treatment decisions to prevent life-threatening complications. +Childhood enteropathies are classified into four groups based on the underlying +pathology: (i) conditions related to defective digestion, absorption and +transport of nutrients and electrolytes; (ii) disorders related to enterocyte +differentiation and polarization; (iii) defects of enteroendocrine cell +differentiation; and (iv) disorders associated with defective modulation of +intestinal immune response. While the intestinal mucosa is usually normal in +enteropathies related to congenital transport or enzyme deficiencies, the +intestinal biopsy in other disorders may reveal a wide range of abnormalities +varying from normal villous architecture to villous atrophy and/or inflammation, +or features specific to the underlying disorder including epithelial +abnormalities, lipid vacuolization in the enterocytes, absence of plasma cells, +lymphangiectasia, microorganisms, and mucosal eosinophilic or histiocytic +infiltration. This review intends to provide an update on small intestinal biopsy +findings in childhood enteropathies, the "newcomers", including very early onset +monogenic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in particular, for the practicing +pathologist. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2197-9 +PMCID: PMC6171108 +PMID: 28718031 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +161. Cytopathology. 2017 Oct;28(5):391-399. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12438. Epub 2017 Jul 17. + +Thyroid nodules classified as atypia or follicular lesions of undetermined +significance deserve further research: Analysis of 305 surgically confirmed +nodules. + +Turkyilmaz S(1), Ulusahin M(1), Celebi B(2), Cekic AB(1), Mungan S(3), Kucuktulu +U(2), Tasdelen A(2), Guner A(1), Cinel A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Farabi Hospital, Karadeniz Technical +University, Trabzon, Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, +University of Health Sciences, Trabzon, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Farabi Hospital, Karadeniz Technical University, +Trabzon, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to determine the malignancy +risk for nodules categorised as atypia or follicular lesions of undetermined +significance atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of +undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) and to investigate the predictors of +malignancy. +METHODS: All nodules diagnosed as AUS/FLUS on fine needle aspiration (FNAs) +performed between January 2011 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. +Clinical data, ultrasonographic features, follow-up data and the final +pathological results were recorded. After further exclusion, only nodules that +underwent surgical excision were included in the final analysis. The malignancy +rate and the range of malignancy rates were calculated. Clinical and ultrasound +features were examined to determine the predictors of malignancy. +RESULTS: During the study period, FNA was performed on 9938 nodules, and 1019 +(10.2%) nodules were diagnosed as AUS/FLUS. After further exclusion, 976 nodules +were evaluated. After the initial diagnosis of AUS/FLUS, 139 (14.2%) patients +underwent surgery, 518 (53.1%) had repeated FNAs. A total of 305 (31%) had +undergone surgical excision at different time points. For surgically confirmed +nodules, the malignancy rate after the initial FNA was 34.5% (the lower and upper +thresholds for the malignancy rate were 19.3% and 66.3%, respectively), and 37.9% +after the repeated FNA. No ultrasound feature was determined as a predictor, +whereas age (>55 years) was a predictor for malignancy. +CONCLUSIONS: The overall malignancy rate for nodules diagnosed as AUS/FLUS and +the malignancy rate for nodules that underwent repeated FNA after AUS/FLUS were +higher than the expected malignancy rates of the National Cancer Institute. It +is, therefore, suggested that the current recommendations should be reconsidered. + +© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12438 +PMID: 28714532 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +162. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Aug;36(4):340-343. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1333178. +Epub 2017 Jul 14. + +A Case Study of Intractable Diarrhea Due to Neonatal Microvillous Inclusion +Disease. + +Bulut O(1), Ahishali B(2), Gulluoglu M(3), Arslanoglu S(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology , Istanbul Medeniyet +University Goztepe Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Histology and Embryology , Istanbul University Istanbul +Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Pathology , Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine , +Istanbul , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Microvillous inclusion disease (MVID) is one of the most severe +congenital diarrhea disorders, caused by a genetic defect in enterocyte +differentiation and polarization. +CASE REPORT: We describe a neonate who presented with severe weight loss, +hypernatremic dehydration and metabolic acidosis due to intractable diarrhea due +to MVID, confirmed by electron microscopy. +CONCLUSION: MVID can present with severe weight loss, hypernatremic dehydration +and metabolic acidosis that is life threatening. The diagnosis is made by typical +findings on light microscopy and electron microscope of small bowel biopsies. The +only therapeutic options at this time are total parenteral nutrition and bowel +rest and intestinal transplantation. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1333178 +PMID: 28707991 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +163. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 Jul;37(4):379-387. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000425. + +Leiomyoma With Bizarre Nuclei: Clinical and Pathologic Features of 30 Patients. + +Kefeli M(1), Caliskan S, Kurtoglu E, Yildiz L, Kokcu A. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology (M.K., S.C., L.Y.) Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.K., +A.K.), Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. + +Leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei (LBN) have significant cytologic atypia, but high +mitotic rate and tumor cell necrosis are absent. Although it is a benign +leiomyoma variant, recurrent cases have been described. In this study, we +investigated the clinical and pathologic features of LBN and compared them with +related studies. A total of 30 patients diagnosed with LBN in our department were +included in this study. In all cases, clinical data (age, complaint, surgery +type), macroscopic features (size, location, number of leiomyomas, necrosis, and +hemorrhage), microscopic features (bizarre cell distribution, bizarre cell +density, cellularity, mitotic rate, tumor margin, necrosis, nuclear +pseudoinclusions, karyorrhectic nuclei, prominent eosinophilic nucleoli with +perinucleolar clearing, cytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions, staghorn vessels, +and alveolar-type edema), and follow-up data (recurrence and survival period) +were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 49.76 yr (range: 38-89 yr). +Twenty-two patients (73%) had undergone hysterectomy and 8 patients (27%) had +undergone myomectomy. The mean tumor diameter was 6.12 cm (range: 0.5-25 cm). The +tumor was intramural in 11 patients (37%), subserosal in 7 patients (23%), and +submucosal in 4 patients (13%). Microscopically, the bizarre cell distribution +was focal in 8 patients (27%), multifocal in 12 patients (40%), and diffuse in 10 +patients (33%). Bizarre cell density was low in 15 patients (50%), intermediate +in 8 patients (27%), and high in 7 patients (23%). The mean mitotic count was 1.4 +(0-4) in 10 high-power fields, and the tumor margin was regular in all cases. We +observed pseudoinclusions in 24 of 30 (80%) tumors, karyorrhectic nuclei in 21 of +30 tumors (70%), prominent eosinophilic nucleoli with perinucleolar clearing in +12 tumors (40%), cytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions in 11 tumors (37%), staghorn +vessels in 9 tumors (30%), and alveolar-type edema in 9 tumors (30%). In +addition, we examined the follow-up records of 26 patients (average duration: +58.1 mo). One patient had a smooth muscle tumor in the L3-L4 paravertebral region +at 67 mo after hysterectomy. This tumor did not share similar microscopic and +immunohistochemical findings to the patient's earlier uterine tumor. The +definitive diagnosis of uterine smooth muscle tumors is important for the +determination of the prognosis of the patient and the most appropriate +therapeutic approach. As in several recent studies, our series has shown that LBN +has a benign clinical course. However, other malignant morphologic criteria such +as high mitotic rate and tumor cell necrosis should be excluded in the diagnosis +of LBN. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000425 +PMID: 28700441 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +164. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 May;37(3):301-304. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000411. + +Coexisting Primary Ovarian and Omental Hydatid Disease Mimicking an Ovarian +Neoplasm: A Case Report. + +Tas EE(1), Yegin Akcay GF, Yildirim F, Yavuz F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yildirim Beyazit University (E.E.T., +F.Y.) Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics (G.F.Y.A.) Pathology (F.Y.), +Ankara Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection that most commonly affects the liver and +lungs, although the disease can arise in any part of the body. Cysts may mimic +many benign and malignant conditions. The diagnosis cannot be confirmed +preoperatively in all cases. A 44-yr-old menopausal woman was admitted to the +department of gynecology with complaints of abdominal distention. A fixed +abdominopelvic mass was identified. Radiology revealed a 20-cm mass with branched +septations and solid components. CA-125 level was 55 kU/L, and Risk of Malignancy +Index-2 score was 880. These findings suggested the presence of an ovarian +neoplasm, and laparotomy was performed. Cystic masses measuring 22 cm and 4 cm, +originating from the omentum majus and left ovary, respectively, were found +during surgery. Frozen-section analysis revealed hydatid disease. Infracolic +omentectomy and total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy +were performed. Results of a serum Echinococcus hemagglutination test performed +immediately after surgery were negative. The patient was prescribed albendazole +for 6 mo and discharged on the third postoperative day with no complaints. The +incidence of hydatid disease in the female reproductive system is very rare; +however, clinicians must be aware of this disease and take necessary precautions +while operating because any spillage may lead to anaphylactic shock and increased +risk of recurrence. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000411 +PMID: 28700426 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +165. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 Aug;213(8):900-907. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.06.003. Epub +2017 Jun 6. + +Neonatal Nav1.5 protein expression in normal adult human tissues and breast +cancer. + +Yamaci RF(1), Fraser SP(2), Battaloglu E(3), Kaya H(4), Erguler K(5), Foster +CS(6), Djamgoz MBA(7). + +Author information: +(1)Bogazici University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, +Turkey; University of Regensburg, Department of Experimental Medicine and Therapy +Research, Regensburg, Germany. +(2)Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions +to Cancer Research Group, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. +(3)Bogazici University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(5)Cyprus Institute, Energy, Environment and Water Research Centre, Nicosia, +Cyprus. +(6)HCA International, Cellular Pathology Laboratories, London, WC1E 6JA, UK. +(7)Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions +to Cancer Research Group, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Cyprus +International University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Haspolat, Lefkosa, North +Cyprus, Cyprus. Electronic address: m.djamgoz@imperial.ac.uk. + +Expression of the neonatal splice variant of the voltage-gated sodium channel +α-subunit (VGSC) subtype Nav1.5 (nNav1.5), encoded by the gene SCN5A, was shown +earlier to be upregulated in human breast cancer (BCa), both in vitro and in +vivo. Channel activity promoted BCa invasion of Matrigel®in vitro and metastasis +in vivo. Consequently, expression of nNav1.5 has been proposed as a functional +biomarker of BCa cells with metastatic potential. Here, we have determined +immunohistochemically both nNav1.5 and total VGSC (tVGSC) protein expression in a +range of adult human tissues. Some VGSC protein was expressed in normal colon, +small intestine, stomach, prostate, bladder and breast. As expected, high levels +of VGSC protein were expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle. On +the other hand, nNav1.5 protein was not expressed in any of the normal tissues +tested except breast where a low-level of protein was present. In comparison to +normal breast, nNav1.5 protein expression in BCa was consistently widespread and +occurred at a significantly higher level. We also questioned whether there was +any relationship between the nNav1.5 protein expression and the estrogen receptor +(ERα) status of BCa and obtained the following results. First, all cases lacking +nNav1.5 were positive for ERα. Second, in all ERα-negative tissues, nNav1.5 +protein was expressed in plasma membrane. Third, however, in ERα-positive cases, +nNav1.5 protein expression was observed in both plasma membrane and cytoplasm. In +conclusion, nNav1.5 protein has a restricted expression pattern among human +tissues. High level expression occurs in BCa and associates with ERα status. +These results further support the proposition that nNav1.5 is a novel biomarker +of metastatic BCa. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.06.003 +PMID: 28698102 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +166. Cytopathology. 2017 Aug;28(4):291-298. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12430. Epub 2017 Jul 11. + +Comparison of conventional cytology and SurePath in split thyroid fine needle +aspiration materials. + +Sahin D(1), Yilmazbayhan D(2), Firat P(2), Hacisalihoglu UP(2), Kirimlioglu +SH(3), Celenk E(4), Arslan R(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Acıbadem Health Group, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare the cytomorphological +features and cytopathological diagnoses in thyroid aspiration materials prepared +by SurePath® (SP) and conventional cytology (CC). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) materials from 180 thyroid +nodules were divided into two groups to prepare three conventional smears and one +SP slide. Twenty-nine cytomorphological features of thyroid lesions were compared +in the CC and SP slides. The Kappa coefficiency was determined for each. The +cytopathological diagnosis of CC and SP were compared. +RESULTS: The feature with the lowest Kappa coefficient was the haemorrhagic +background, whereas nuclear molding had the highest Kappa coefficient. The rates +of the atypical and suspicious cytopathological diagnostic categories were +decreased, whereas the rates of benign and malignant categories were increased in +SP. When the cytopathological diagnoses of CC and SP were compared with the +histopathological diagnoses of the 31 thyroidectomy materials, the results were +similar. +CONCLUSION: The common problems seen in CC, such as an excessive number of +slides, a haemorrhagic background and air drying artefact in the SP method were +not encountered. Through these advantages, the rate of the indeterminate +cytopathological diagnosis was low in SP. In addition to those advantages, the +increased rates of non-diagnostic cases, the difficulty in evaluating the +cytomorphologic features owing to tridimensional structures and the smaller size +of the cells and the presence of tridimensional structures uninterpreted +microscopically were the disadvantages of SP. The present results showed that SP +could be used instead of CC in thyroid cytopathology. + +© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12430 +PMID: 28696007 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +167. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2017 Sep;38(3):184-188. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000329. + +Posttraumatic Stress and Burnout Symptoms in Forensic Doctors and Staff in a +Mortuary. + +Kömür İ(1), Ozdemirel RO, Ozver İ, Başpinar B, Demir M, Gönen F, Kandemir E, Emul +M. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice; and †Department +of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +We aimed to investigate burnout and posttraumatic stress symptoms in mortuary +staff members who work for the Council of Forensic Medicine where more than 4500 +autopsies are annually performed.The data were collected from 142 mortuary staff +members from the Council of Forensic Medicine, Turkey. The participants were +divided into the following 4 groups: forensic medicine specialists (n = 40, +28.2%), forensic medicine residents (n = 54, 38.0%), autopsy technicians (n = 24, +16.9%), and other staff members (n = 24, 16.9%). All of the participants +completed a brief sociodemographic form and standardized questionnaires to assess +health symptoms, such as the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Posttraumatic Symptom +Screening Scale.Forensic medicine staff members are at risk for developing +psychological health symptoms, such as burnout or posttraumatic stress, due to +work-related stressors. We observed that autopsy technicians seemed to have more +emotional exhaustion and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, whereas resident +doctors had a lower sense of personal accomplishment. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000329 +PMID: 28691950 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +168. Pathology. 2017 Aug;49(5):534-537. doi: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 +Jun 30. + +A novel fibrinogen gamma chain mutation (c.1096C>G; p.His340Asp), fibrinogen +Ankara, causing hypofibrinogenaemia and hepatic storage. + +Callea F(1), Giovannoni I(2), Sari S(3), Aksu AU(3), Esendagly G(4), Dalgic B(3), +Boldrini R(2), Akyol G(4), Francalanci P(2), Bellacchio E(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. +Electronic address: francesco.callea@opbg.net. +(2)Department of Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. +(3)Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine in Ankara, +Turkey. +(5)Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.03.007 +PMID: 28673429 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +169. Hum Pathol. 2017 Nov;69:141-142. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.05.027. Epub 2017 +Jun 24. + +Clinical and pathological factors related to brain relapse-free survival in +breast cancer patients. + +Altundag K(1). + +Author information: +(1)MKA Breast Cancer Clinic, Tepe Prime, 06800 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic +address: altundag66@yahoo.com. + +Comment in + Hum Pathol. 2017 Nov;69:142. + +Comment on + Hum Pathol. 2017 Jun;64:53-60. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.05.027 +PMID: 28655637 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +170. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Dec;45(12):1122-1124. doi: 10.1002/dc.23775. Epub 2017 Jun +26. + +An amazing cause of false PET positivity: Diagnosed after a lung cancer surgery. + +Ozturk A(1), Aktas Z(1), Yilmaz A(1), Tari P(2), Demirag F(3). + +Author information: +(1)Interventional Pulmonology Department, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic +Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Nucleer Medicine, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery +Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training +and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) +has an effective role in both diagnosis and management of patients with lung +cancer. There are many reasons could cause false positivity on PET/CT.A +60-year-old man was admitted a mass on thorax CT and diagnosed as squamous cell +carcinoma. Lobectomy with lymph node dissection was performed after evaluation of +distant metastases. There were pathological lymph nodes detected on PET/CT at six +month following period. Endobronchial ultrasonography guided transbronchial +needle aspiration was performed for differantial diagnosis. The pathologic +diagnosis was granuloma which developed in response to suture material. We +interpreted this granulomatous reaction as gossypiboma which developed against +long-left or forgotten suture material. In conclusion, based on this case, +gossypiboma (or granulomatous inflammation in response to foreign bodies) should +be also considered in differential diagnosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes with +PET positivity in a previously operated patient. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23775 +PMID: 28653494 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +171. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2017 Oct 2;69(8):643-648. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.06.002. +Epub 2017 Jun 22. + +The effects of retinoic acid on mmp-2 production, proliferation and +ultrastructural morphology in rat uterus. + +Kotil T(1), Şentürk Ş(2), Sarioğlu T(3), Tapul L(4). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology +Department, Çapa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: tubakotil@msn.com. +(2)Beykent University, School of Vocational Studies, The Programme of Pathology +and Laboratory Techniques, Beylikdüzü Campus, Beykent, Büyükçekmece, İstanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Istanbul Science University, Medicine Faculty, Multidisciplinary Laboratory, +Gayrettepe, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology +Department, Çapa, Istanbul, Turkey. + +AIMS: Retinoic acid (RA) has a vital importance in order to ensure continuity and +morphology in many tissues. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have significant +roles in proliferation, the formation of cancers, and metastasis. In this study +the effects of RA on MMP-2 production in cells of rat uterus were investigated. +METHODS: Twenty-four adult Spraque Dawley rats were divided into two groups, the +experimental group was treated with 40mg/kg/day 13-cis RA for 5days by gavage. +Uterine tissue sections were treated with BrdU and MMP-2 antibodies, evaluated +using light microscopy. Tissues were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and evaluated +using transmission electron miroscopy. +RESULTS: MMP-2 immunoreactivity decreased in the stromal cells compared with the +control group and no staining of MMP-2 was observed in glandular epithelium in +the experimental group. BrDU labeling of cells showed significant decrease in +RA-treated group versus control group cells. Based on the electron microscopy +evaluation, the surface epithelial cells of the experimental group showed +vacuolization, and an accumulation of lipofuscin bodies was also observed in the +gland epithelium. Cells involving autophagic vacuoles contained excess lipid +granules in the entire uterus layers especially localized at the border of the +endometrium and myometrium. +CONCLUSION: RA had negative effects on cell proliferation and cell morphology and +inhibited MMP-2 expression. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.06.002 +PMID: 28648614 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +172. Int J Surg Pathol. 2017 Dec;25(8):739-744. doi: 10.1177/1066896917716303. Epub +2017 Jun 21. + +Sclerosing Stromal Tumor Mimicking a Pregnancy Luteoma: Case Report of a +Diagnostically Challenging Entity Further Complicated by the Presence of +Metastatic Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma From the Stomach. + +Uner M(1)(2), Usubutun A(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Current address: Yozgat City Hospital, Erdogan Akdag Mh. Viyana Cd. 66100 +Yozgat, Turkey. + +Sclerosing stromal tumors of the ovary are very rare. We report the case of a +29-year-old pregnant woman who presented with a history of preterm labor and +gestational hypertension. A huge mass measuring 30 cm in greatest dimension was +recognized on the right ovary during cesarean section. Signet ring cell +infiltration was seen during intraoperative frozen section consultation. She +underwent a right salpingo-oophorectomy, and the permanent diagnosis was +sclerosing stromal tumor infiltrated by signet ring cells. Pregnancy-related +changes were seen in tumor morphology. Signet ring cells were immunoreactive with +antibodies MUC5ac, MUC2, and EMA. Thus, stromal cells were immunoreactive with +antibodies inhibin and calretinin. Endoscopic biopsy of the stomach showed a +signet ring cell carcinoma, from which the metastasis had originated. This is the +first reported case in the literature, and is notable for its challenging +differential diagnosis, which included a pregnancy luteoma and primary signet +ring stromal tumor of the ovary. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896917716303 +PMID: 28633616 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +173. Virchows Arch. 2017 Sep;471(3):413-422. doi: 10.1007/s00428-017-2167-2. Epub 2017 +Jun 17. + +How does it feel to be a pathology resident? Results of a survey on experiences +and job satisfaction during pathology residency. + +Pehlivanoglu B(1)(2), Hassoy H(3), Calle C(4), Dendooven A(5), Nalbantoglu I(6), +Reshchikova L(7), Gul G(8), Doganavsargil B(9). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. +burcinp@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, +02000, Adiyaman, Turkey. burcinp@yahoo.com. +(3)Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Hospital Cuf Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal. +(5)Department of Pathology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. +(6)Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, +St. Louis, USA. +(7)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Medical +Legislation, GI "Lugansk State Medical University", Lugansk, Ukraine. +(8)Department of Pathology, Aydin Public Hospital, Aydin, Turkey. +(9)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. + +Residents' career choices and professional motivation can be affected from +perception of their role and recognition within a medical team as well as their +educational and workplace experiences. To evaluate pathology trainees' +perceptions of their pathology residency, we conducted a 42-item survey via a +web-based link questioning respondents' personal and institutional background, +workplace, training conditions, and job satisfaction level. For the 208 residents +from different European countries who responded, personal expectations in terms +of quality of life (53%) and scientific excitement (52%) were the most common +reasons why they chose and enjoy pathology. Sixty-six percent were satisfied +about their relationship with other people working in their department, although +excessive time spent on gross examination appeared less satisfactory. A set +residency training program (core curriculum), a set annual scientific curriculum, +and a residency program director existed in the program of 58, 60, and 69% +respondents, respectively. Most respondents (76%) considered that pathologists +have a direct and high impact on patient management, but only 32% agreed that +pathologists cooperate with clinicians/surgeons adequately. Most (95%) found that +patients barely know what pathologists do. Only 22% considered pathology and +pathologists to be adequately positioned in their country's health care system. +Almost 84% were happy to have chosen pathology, describing it as "puzzle +solving," "a different fascinating world," and "challenging while being crucial +for patient management." More than two thirds (72%) considered pathology and +pathologists to face a bright future. However, a noticeable number of respondents +commented on the need for better physical working conditions, a better organized +training program, more interaction with experienced pathologists, and deeper +knowledge on molecular pathology. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2167-2 +PMID: 28624995 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +174. Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Jun;125(S6):477-485. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21828. + +Triage of the indeterminate thyroid aspirate: What are the options for the +practicing cytopathologist? + +Onenerk AM(1), Pusztaszeri MP(2), Canberk S(3), Faquin WC(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical +School, Boston, Massachusetts. +(2)Department of Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. +(3)Acibadem University, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) plays a key role in the early evaluation of patients +with thyroid nodules; however, from 15% to 30% of FNA specimens are cytologically +indeterminate. Molecular testing has proven useful when applied to indeterminate +thyroid FNAs, and its use has been endorsed in the American Thyroid Association +guidelines. In addition to the noncommercial ("in-house") application of v-Raf +murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF), rat sarcoma (RAS), rearranged in +transformation/papillary thyroid carcinoma (RET/PTC), and peroxisome +proliferator-activated receptor γ/paired box gene 8 (PPARγ/PAX8) testing, there +are currently 3 commercially available molecular panels that vary in their +relative reported performances, strengths, and limitations. Here, we discuss the +role of molecular testing for indeterminate thyroid aspirates, taking into +consideration the recent reclassification of the encapsulated follicular variant +of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) as "noninvasive follicular neoplasm with +papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)." Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125(6 +suppl):477-85. © 2017 American Cancer Society. + +© 2017 American Cancer Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21828 +PMID: 28609009 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +175. Hum Pathol. 2017 Oct;68:204. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.04.027. Epub 2017 Jun 8. + +Some pathological and clinical factors are important to describe association +between Ki67 expression and recurrences in breast cancer patients receiving +neoadjuvant chemotherapy. + +Altundag K(1). + +Author information: +(1)MKA Breast Cancer Clinic, Tepe Prime, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic +address: altundag66@yahoo.com. + +Comment in + Hum Pathol. 2017 Oct;68:205. + +Comment on + Hum Pathol. 2017 May;63:40-45. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.04.027 +PMID: 28603064 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +176. Virchows Arch. 2017 Dec;471(6):761-767. doi: 10.1007/s00428-017-2164-5. Epub 2017 +Jun 8. + +Spectrum of genetic mutations in de novo PUNLMP of the urinary bladder. + +Rodriguez Pena MDC(1), Tregnago AC(1), Eich ML(1), Springer S(2), Wang Y(2), +Taheri D(1), Ertoy D(3), Fujita K(4), Bezerra SM(5), Cunha IW(5), Raspollini +MR(6), Yu L(7), Bivalacqua TJ(8), Papadopoulos N(2), Kinzler KW(2), Vogelstein +B(2), Netto GJ(9)(10)(11). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +(2)The Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Sidney Kimmel +Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. +(5)Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil. +(6)Department of Pathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. +(7)Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, +35249, USA. +(8)Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +(9)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +gnetto@uabmc.edu. +(10)Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, +35249, USA. gnetto@uabmc.edu. +(11)Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, WP +Building, Suite P230, 619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7331, USA. +gnetto@uabmc.edu. + +Our group and others have previously demonstrated the presence of TERT promoter +mutations (TERT-mut) in 60-80% of urothelial carcinomas and some of their +histologic variants. Five other genes have been frequently implicated in bladder +cancer: FGRF3, TP53, PIK3CA, HRAS, and CDKN2A. In the current study, we sought to +determine the prevalence of mutations in TERT and these five other genes in de +novo papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) of the +urinary bladder. A retrospective search of our archives for PUNLMP was performed +and 30 de novo cases were identified and included in the study. We found +mutations in TERT (TERT-mut) and FGFR3 (FGFR3-mut) to be the most common +alterations in the cohort (63 and 60%, respectively). The majority of the +TERT-mut-positive tumors (84%) had a g.1295228C > T alteration with the remaining +tumors demonstrating g.1295250C > T. Approximately one fourth of tumors had TP53 +mutations. These findings support the potential utility of a uniform genetic +mutation panel to detect bladder cancers of various subtypes. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2164-5 +PMID: 28597078 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +177. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Aug;36(4):332-339. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1324545. +Epub 2017 May 30. + +Epidermolysis Bullosa with Pyloric Atresia and Aplasia Cutis in a Newborn Due to +Homozygous Mutation in ITGB4. + +Kayki G(1), Bozkaya D(2), Ozaltin F(3), Orhan D(3), Kaymaz F(4), Korkmaz E(5), +Yigit S(2). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pediatrics , Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara +, Turkey. +(2)b Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics , Hacettepe University +Faculty of Medicine , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Nephrogenetics Laboratory, Center for +Biobanking and Genomics , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Department of Histology , Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine , Ankara +, Turkey. +(5)e Nephrogenetics Laboratory , Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine , +Sihhiye, Ankara , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia (EB-PA) is an autosomal +recessive disorder due to mutations in ITGA6 and/or ITGB4, resulting in altered +expression of α6β4 integrin. EB-PA can also occur with aplasia cutis. +CASE REPORT: We present a newborn with EB-PA and aplasia cutis, born of +consanguineous parents, with a homozygous c.3793+1G>A mutation affecting ITGB4, +previously described only in the heterozygous state with other mutations. +CONCLUSION: The previously unreported homozygous c.3793+1G>A mutation affecting +ITGB4 causes a severe form of junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric +atresia and aplasia cutis. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1324545 +PMID: 28557647 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +178. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 Jul;213(7):783-792. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.001. Epub +2017 Apr 14. + +Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of immunohistochemical expression +of HIF-1α, CXCR4 and CA9 in colorectal carcinoma. + +Saka B(1), Ekinci O(2), Dursun A(3), Akyurek N(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology Istanbul Medipol University, Bagcilar, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: burcusaka99@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: ozzyekinci@hotmail.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: adursun@gazi.edu.tr. +(4)Department of Pathology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: akyurek@gazi.edu.tr. + +OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immunohistochemical expressions of HIF-1α, CA9 and +CXCR4 in resected human CRC specimens in relation to clinicopathologic and +prognostic variables. +METHODS: A total of 186 patients (mean(SD) age: 56.7(12.6) years, 54.0% were +males) with colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this retrospective study. +Resection specimens of the primary tumor were reviewed to confirm the diagnoses +and the stage of the disease. Data on age, gender, tumor characteristics +(localization, size, macroscopic growth pattern, histologic type, grade, +angiolymphatic invasion, TNM stage), applied treatments and clinical outcome +(overall survival, local recurrence and distant metastasis) were obtained from +the hospital records. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue specimens was +performed to determine HIF-1α, CA9 and CXCR4 expressions. +RESULTS: Overall, 94.0% of cases showed HIF-1α immunoreactivity, 89% showed CXCR4 +immunoreactivity, and 15.6% showed CA9 immunoreactivity, while weak expression of +immunohistochemical markers was noted in 51.1%, 93.0% and 50.5% of cases, +respectively. HIF-1α expression was higher among males than in females (median +(min-max) final score of 6 (0-9) vs. 3 (0-9), p=0.013). CA9 expressed at higher +levels in ulcerovegetative and depressed tumors than in polypoid ones [0(0-9) vs. +0(0-6), p=0.039]. CXCR4 expression was significantly higher in tumors <5cm than +≥5cm [6(0-9) vs. 3(0-9), p=0.028] and in grade 1-2 than grade 3 tumors [4(0-9) +vs. 3(0-9), p=0.030]. No significant difference was noted in survival with +respect to strength of HIF-1α, CA9 and CXCR4 immunoreactivity. +CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our findings revealed weak-to-moderate HIF-1α and +CXCR4 immunoreactivity in majority of resection samples, and weak CA9 +immunoreactivity in majority of CA9 positive cases. Other than gender (HIF-1α), +macroscopic growth pattern (CA9) and tumor size and histologic grade (for CXCR4), +none of the clinicopathologic and prognostic factors investigated were associated +with expression of immunohistochemical markers and level of immunoreactivity had +no impact on survival. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.04.001 +PMID: 28554753 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +179. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 Jul;213(7):831-835. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.03.001. Epub +2017 Mar 25. + +Nephrogenic adenoma of the urinary tract: A 6-year single center experience. + +Turcan D(1), Acikalin MF(2), Yilmaz E(3), Canaz F(4), Arik D(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, +Eskişehir, Turkey. Electronic address: dturcan@ogu.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, +Eskişehir, Turkey. Electronic address: acikalin@ogu.edu.tr. +(3)Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, +Eskişehir, Turkey. Electronic address: evrimciftciy@yahoo.com.tr. +(4)Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, +Eskişehir, Turkey. Electronic address: fundacanaz@hotmail.com. +(5)Department of Pathology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, +Eskişehir, Turkey. Electronic address: denarik@hotmail.com. + +BACKGROUND: Nephrogenic adenoma is an uncommon benign lesion that occurs at +several sites in urinary tract, from the renal pelvis to urethra, with the +highest frequency in urinary bladder. Nephrogenic adenoma displays a broad +spectrum of architectural and cytological features. Hence, recognition of its +characteristic histopathological features is needed to distinguish this lesion +from its mimickers. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective series of 21 cases of nephrogenic adenoma +in 18 patients, which were diagnosed in our department between 2010 and 2016, +were analyzed. All histological slides were reviewed by two pathologists and the +diagnosis of each case was confirmed. Immunohistochemistry was performed for +PAX-8 in all cases. CK7, PAX-2, PSA, p53, p63, GATA-3 and α-methylacyl-CoA +racemase (AMACR) were applied in problematic cases. +RESULTS: The most common location of the lesion was urinary bladder (14 patients) +followed by renal pelvis (2 patients), ureter (1 patient) and urethra (1 +patient). A history of urothelial carcinoma and repeated TUR procedures were +observed in 12 patients. There were 2 pediatric patients aged 3 years. Both of +them had undergone previous urosurgery because of megaureter in one and bladder +exstrophy in the other. Other clinical antecedents included bladder diverticulum +(1 patient), cystitis (1 patient) and nephrolithiasis (1 patient). Recurrence of +lesion was seen in two patients (once in one case and twice in the other one). +The median time to disease recurrence in these patients was 11 months (range, +2-20 months). Histologically, the lesions exhibited various morphological +findings, with mixed (15 cases, 71.4%), pure tubular (3 cases, 14.3%), pure +papillary (2 cases, 9.5%) and pure flat (1 case, 4.8%) growth patterns. Of the 15 +cases with mixed patterns, 8 cases were tubulocystic and flat, 3 cases were +tubular and flat, 2 cases were tubular, papillary and flat, 1 case was +tubulocystic, papillary and flat, and 1 case was tubular and papillary. Flat +pattern was observed in 15 cases (71.4%). It was seen in association with other +patterns in 14 cases (mixed morphology) and purely in 1 case. Our findings +suggested that the flat pattern is a frequent finding in nephrogenic adenomas. +Notably one case in this series showed superficial extension into bladder +muscularis propria. +CONCLUSIONS: Histologically nephrogenic adenoma may simulate a variety of +malignancies. Awareness of characteristic morphologic features of nephrogenic +adenoma is needed to diagnose this lesion correctly. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.03.001 +PMID: 28554748 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +180. J Cutan Pathol. 2017 May 16. doi: 10.1111/cup.12948. [Epub ahead of print] + +A case of combined desmoplastic trichoepithelioma and compound melanocytic nevus. + +Gulseren D(1)(2), Kwock JM(2), Patterson JW(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Ankara Polatlı State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Division of Dermatopathology, University of Virginia Medical Center, +Charlottesville, Virginia. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.12948 +PMID: 28509329 + + +181. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2017 Jul - Aug;29:23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.04.003. +Epub 2017 Apr 23. + +Clinically isolated aortitis: pitfalls, progress, and possibilities. + +Cinar I(1), Wang H(2), Stone JR(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Prof. Dr. A. Ilhan Ozdemir Research Hospital, Giresun +University, Giresun, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of +Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical +School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: jrstone@partners.org. + +Non-infectious aortitis may be caused by several distinct systemic rheumatologic +diseases. In some patients, aortitis is identified either pathologically or +radiologically in the absence of clinical evidence of a systemic vasculitis. By +consensus nomenclature, such cases are referred to as clinically isolated +aortitis (CIA). Some systemic disorders may initially present as CIA including +giant cell arteritis (GCA), IgG4-related disease, infectious aortitis, and +granulomatosis with polyangiitis. CIA most commonly occurs in women of European +descent over the age of 50 and, thus, mirrors the gender, age, and geographic +distribution of GCA. CIA most often demonstrates a granulomatous/giant cell +pattern of inflammation (GPI), and CIA-GPI is pathologically indistinguishable +from aortitis due to GCA. In many cases, CIA may be a manifestation of +extracranial GCA. CIA is being identified both pathologically in resected aortic +tissue and radiologically by computed tomography scanning, magnetic resonance +imaging, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. However, there +appears to be significant differences between pathologically defined CIA and +radiologically defined CIA. Multiple studies have shown that patients with CIA +are at increased risk for subsequent aortic events (new aneurysms or dissections) +and thus it is recommended to monitor these patients with periodic aortic +imaging. While the data is currently limited, there is increasing evidence that +at least some patients with CIA may benefit from immunosuppressive therapy. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.04.003 +PMID: 28500877 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +182. Virchows Arch. 2017 Jul;471(1):77-90. doi: 10.1007/s00428-017-2138-7. Epub 2017 +May 9. + +Clinical and pathological characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumor +(GIST) metastatic to bone. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Kaygusuz G(2), Fritchie K(3), Aydin O(4), Yapicier O(5), +Coskun O(2), Karatayli E(6), Boyacigil S(2), Guler G(7), Dervisoglu S(4), Kuzu +I(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. dokemal@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, +USA. +(4)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Acıbadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(6)Hepatology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. +(7), Ankara, Turkey. + +Our aim in this study was to describe the clinical, morphological, and molecular +profile of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) metastatic to bone. We analyzed +the morphological, phenotypic, and molecular characteristics of seven cases, and +in addition reviewed 17 cases from literature. Sequence analysis of KIT and +PDGFRA genes was possible for six cases. For the GIST cases with bone metastasis, +the most common primaries were small intestine (29%), stomach (25%), and rectum +(21%). Sites of bone metastases were vertebrae (11), pelvis (8), femur (8), ribs +(6), humerus (5), skull (3), scapula (1), and mandible (1). The size ranged from +1.5 to 13 cm (median, 3.8 cm). Bone metastases without involvement of any other +organ were seen in 17% of the cases and were solitary in 14 (58%). Adjacent soft +tissue involvement was present in nearly half of the patients. Bone metastasis +was either manifest at the time of diagnosis (28%) or occurred after a mean +period of 4.7 years (3 months-20 years). Morphologically, neoplastic cells were +spindle in 67%, epithelioid in 13%, and mixed epithelioid and spindle in 20%. +CD117, DOG1, and CD34 were positive in 88, 86, and 85% of the cases, +respectively. KIT Exon 11 mutations were the most frequent gene alteration (78%), +followed by KIT Exon 13 mutations. Of 17 of the cases with available follow-up +information, 7 (41%) patients developed bone metastasis under imatinib therapy. +Five patients (29%) died of disease within a mean of 17 months. Bone metastases +from GIST are usually found in patients with advanced disease and typically +present as lytic masses with occasional soft tissue involvement. We could not +identify any KIT or PDGFRA alterations predisposing to bone metastasis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2138-7 +PMID: 28488171 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +183. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst). 2017;2017:2805370. doi: 10.1155/2017/2805370. Epub 2017 +Mar 26. + +Effects of Acute Toluene Toxicity on Different Regions of Rabbit Brain. + +Demır M(1), Cicek M(1), Eser N(2), Yoldaş A(1), Sısman T(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kahramanmaraş, +Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Kahramanmaraş, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biology, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey. + +The acute phase effects of toluene on the brain have been investigated in this +study using rabbit brain via histopathological, immunohistochemical, and +biochemical methods. A total of 20 male rabbits were used as control and +experimental groups. Moreover, nerve growth factor (NGF), tumor necrosis +factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), dopamine (DA), and glial fibrillary acidic protein +(GFAP) tests were performed in order to designate the severity of the biochemical +damage. In the biochemical evaluation of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, +hypothalamus, substantia nigra, and entorhinal cortex, the TNF-alpha levels in +the brain were found to be significantly higher than in the control group. Levels +of dopamine, secreted from the substantia nigra, nerve growth factor (NGF) +developed from the hippocampal neurons, and GFAP, secreted from astrocyte cells, +were detected to be significantly lower in the toluene-administration group than +in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, areas of focal vacuolar +degeneration (abscess formation), gliosis, and perivascular demyelination, many +pyknotic cells and necrosis were observed. In the toluene-administration group +compared to the control group, distinct excessive expansions of the blood vessels +and severe degeneration in the structure of cells and also dispersed cell borders +were observed. Furthermore, abnormal malformations of the nuclei structure of the +oligodendrocyte cells were seen. Bodies of the sequential neurons of the +hippocampus in the toluene-administration group were distinctly structurally +damaged compared to the control group. In addition, cytoplasm of the cortex cell +showed serious immune reactivity in the experimental group. + +DOI: 10.1155/2017/2805370 +PMCID: PMC5385213 +PMID: 28458992 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +184. APMIS. 2017 Aug;125(8):679-689. doi: 10.1111/apm.12702. Epub 2017 Apr 27. + +Clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical spectrum of 11 cases of +epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, including INI1/SMARCB1 +results and BRAF V600E analysis. + +Rekhi B(1), Kosemehmetoglu K(2), Tezel GG(2), Dervisoglu S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgical Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Capa School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare, relatively +less chemosensitive sarcoma. We report clinicopathologic features of 11 +epithelioid MPNSTs, including rare forms, along with INI1 immunostaining and BRAF +V600E mutation results. BRAF V600E mutation was tested by Real-time polymerase +chain reaction (PCR) technique. Eleven tumors occurred in six men and five women +(M:F ratio = 0.85:1) within an age range of 5-73 years (average = 44), mostly in +lower limbs (five), followed by upper limbs (four). Tumor size (n = 6), varied +from 3.1 to 15 cm (average = 8.3). Histopathologically, most tumors were +multilobular, characterized by epithelioid to round-shaped, malignant cells, +along with spindle cells (three cases), "rhabdoid-like" cells (seven cases) and +pleomorphic giant cells (single case). By immunohistochemistry, tumor cells were +positive for S100 protein (11/11) (100%), EMA (3/7) (42.8%), pan CK(2/7) (28.5%), +and HMB45 (1/11) (9%), while these were negative for Melan A (0/11) and INI1 +(3/11), including a single tumor, displaying HMB45 positivity. BRAF V600E +mutation was positive in 1/8 cases, that lacked melanocytic marker expression. +All patients (n = 5) were treated by surgical resection. During follow-up (n = 8, +median duration = 23 months), four patients developed tumor recurrences and four +developed metastasis, mostly to lymph nodes (3). Finally, four patients were +alive with disease, two were alive with no evidence of disease, and two patients +died of disease. Epithelioid MPNSTs have a diverse histopathologic spectrum. Loss +of INI1 is useful, including in identifying rare forms of epithelioid MPNST, +displaying melanocytic differentiation. Most tumors are treated by surgical +resection. Loss of INI1 and the presence of BRAF V600E mutation in some cases +raises future possibility of exploring targeted therapy in those, rare +epithelioid MPNSTs. + +© 2017 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12702 +PMID: 28452074 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +185. Pathobiology. 2017;84(4):223-228. doi: 10.1159/000466702. Epub 2017 Apr 28. + +Is Human Oxoguanine Glycosylase 1 Genetic Variant Successful Even on Oral +Squamous Cell Carcinoma? + +Aydemir L(1), Bireller ES, Avci H, Boy Metin Z, Deger K, Unur M, Cakmakoglu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most widespread +cancer types that arise from different sites of oral cavity and has a 5-year +survival rate. This study is aimed at investigating the human oxoguanine +glycosylase 1 (hOGG1)-Ser326Cys and APE-Asp148Glu polymorphisms of DNA repair +genes in OSCC. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the hOGG1-Ser326Cys and APE-Asp148Glu +polymorphisms of DNA repair genes in the oral cavity. Genotyping was conducted +using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis +based on 132 patients who were diagnosed as having OSCC and 160 healthy subjects. +RESULTS: Individuals with the genotype hOGG1-Ser326Cys, Cys allele carriers, were +found significantly more frequently in the patient group compared to the control +group as increase in risk (p < 0.001). Furthermore, it was observed that there +were significantly more individuals with the Ser allele in the control group (p < +0.001). Individuals with genotype APE-Asp148Glu were not statistically +significant; however, they were still more in the control group and provided +protection against the disease. +CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that hOGG1-Ser326Cys Cys allele is statistically +important and relevant with respect to the development of oral squamous cancer. +In view of our results, further studies including expression levels are required +in which hOGG1-Ser326Cys should be investigated as molecular biomarkers for the +early prediction of squamous cell carcinoma. + +© 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000466702 +PMID: 28448977 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +186. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Aug;45(8):673-680. doi: 10.1002/dc.23738. Epub 2017 Apr +24. + +Micronuclei and nuclear buds: Highlighting overlooked indicators of chromosomal +damage in thyroid aspiration smears. + +Kokenek-Unal TD(1), Coban I(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kayseri Research and Training Hospital, University of +Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul +Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: We aimed to examine the diagnostic utility of micronuclei (MN) and +nuclear buds (NBs) in aspiration smears of the well-differentiated epithelial +lesions of thyroid. +METHODS: One hundred five cases composed of 34 follicular nodular disease (FND), +31 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 40 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were +compiled retrospectively. May- Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) stained smears of each case +were selected to count cells with nuclear protrusions (NPs) per 1000 cells. The +frequency of cells with NPs (MN&NBs) was compared by using Mann-Whitney U test +and Kruskal-Wallis tests when appropriate. Post-Hoc Tukey test was used for +pairwise comparison of different diagnostic categories. By running a ROC curve +analysis, diagnostic usefulness of the frequency of cells with NPs (MN&NBs) and +their cut-off values to predict malignant behavior were calculated. P < 0.05 was +regarded as significant. +RESULTS: NPs (MN&NBs) were significantly more frequent in malignant cases than +benign ones. NBs were more frequent in conventional PTC compared to FV of PTC, +but the frequency of MN did not significantly differ between these. ROC curve +analysis revealed that evaluation of the frequency of cells with NPs (MN&NBs) was +a highly specific, sensitive, and diagnostically useful method to identify +malignant behavior. +CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in the +literature to evaluate the frequency of cells with NPs (MN&NBs) in human thyroid +aspiration smears. Our results show that evaluation of NPs (MN&NBs) may be a +useful diagnostic tool to detect PTC in thyroid aspiration smears. Diagn. +Cytopathol. 2017;45:673-680. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23738 +PMID: 28440063 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +187. Hum Pathol. 2017 Jul;65:247. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.02.025. Epub 2017 Apr +21. + +HER2 loss after neoadjuvant treatment: is the adjuvant trastuzumab treatment +feasible? + +Altundag K(1). + +Author information: +(1)MKA Breast Cancer Clinic, Tepe Prime, Cankaya, 06800 Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: altundag66@yahoo.com. + +Comment in + Hum Pathol. 2017 Jul;65:247-248. + +Comment on + Hum Pathol. 2017 Apr;62:215-221. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.02.025 +PMID: 28438621 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +188. Int J Surg Pathol. 2017 Sep;25(6):488-496. doi: 10.1177/1066896917706025. Epub +2017 Apr 24. + +Comparison of Renal Anastomosing Hemangiomas in End-Stage and Non-End-Stage +Kidneys: A Meta-Analysis With a Report of 2 Cases. + +Berker NK(1), Bayram A(1), Tas S(1), Bakir B(1), Caliskan Y(1), Ozcan F(1), +Kilicaslan I(1), Ozluk Y(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Renal anastomosing hemangioma (RAH) is a very rare distinct entity +composed of anastomosing sinusoidal (spleen-like) capillary-sized vessels lined +by flat or hobnail endothelial cells. Most of the published cases of RAH occurred +in the setting of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). +METHODS: We present 2 cases of RAH in ESRD along with a literature review. We +compared clinicopathologic features of RAHs in end-stage and non-end-stage +kidneys. A meta-analysis was conducted with PubMed and a manual search through +references of relevant publications. Individual patient data gathered from the +literature were used in the analysis. +RESULTS: Our systematic review revealed 49 RAHs, including our 2 cases. +Thirty-two (65.3%) cases were in ESRD, only 17 (34.7%) were in patients with +non-ESRD. RAHs in ESRD were in younger patients, smaller in size, multifocal, and +seen more with renal epithelial neoplasms when compared with RAHs in non-ESRD ( P +< .05). Extramedullary hematopoiesis was seen mostly in RAHs in ESRD kidneys (85% +vs 41.7%) ( P = .018). Follow-up data were available for 25 cases with a mean +follow-up of 24.58 ± 38.54 months. Recurrence, metastasis, or death have never +been described related to RAH in any patients. +CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, RAHs are rare and mostly arise in kidneys with +end-stage damage. RAHs in ESRD and non-ESRD differ in terms of clinicopathologic +features. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896917706025 +PMID: 28436289 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +189. Am J Clin Pathol. 2017 May 1;147(5):453-460. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqx012. + +CD4-Negative Variant of Cutaneous Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm +With a Novel PBRM1 Mutation in an 11-Year-Old Girl. + +Yigit N(1)(2), Suarez LF(1), Roth LG(3), Orazi A(1), Tam W(1). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. +(2)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Kecioren, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY. + +Erratum in + Am J Clin Pathol. 2017 Sep 1;148(3):280. + +Objectives: We report a rare case of CD4- cutaneous blastic plasmacytoid +dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) with a novel PBRM1 mutation. +Methods: An 11-year-old girl presented with an enlarged mass on her left arm and +underwent an incisional biopsy. +Results: Histopathologic examination and immunohistochemistry studies showed a +monotonous proliferation of blasts that were CD4-, CD56+, and CD123+. There was +no evidence of leukemic dissemination. Next-generation sequencing detected PBRM1 +and CIC gene abnormalities. We confirmed and validated a novel PBRM1 mutation by +conventional polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. +Conclusions: CD4- variant of BPDCN may be mistaken for myeloid sarcoma or +extramedullary lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma because of their overlapping +morphologic and immunophenotypic features; thus, a careful clinicopathologic +evaluation is essential to reach the correct diagnosis. PBRM1 mutation seems to +be a driver event in this case. Our study underscores the importance of +alterations in chromatin remodeling in the pathogenesis of BPDCN. + +© American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2017. All rights reserved. For +permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com + +DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqx012 +PMID: 28419186 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +190. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Jan;24(1):167-170. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0229-z. Epub +2017 Apr 8. + +Is Regression after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer +Different in Sentinel and Non-sentinel Nodes? + +Cserni G(1)(2), Zombori T(3), Andreu X(4), Bianchi S(5), Regitnig P(6), +Amendoeira I(7), Balmativola D(8), Kovács A(9), Cordoba A(10), Reiner A(11), +Kulka J(12), Kaya H(13), Liepniece-Karele I(14), Quinn C(15), Kővári B(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Nyiri ut 38, +Kecskemét, 6000, Hungary. cserni@freemail.hu. +(2)Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Állomás u 1, Szeged, 6725, +Hungary. cserni@freemail.hu. +(3)Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Állomás u 1, Szeged, 6725, +Hungary. +(4)Department of Pathology, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, University Autònoma +Barcelona, 08202, Sabadell, Spain. +(5)Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational +Medicine, AOU Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy. +(6)Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, +A-8036, Graz, Austria. +(7)Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, Centro Hospitalar de São João e IPATIMUP, +4440-563, Porto, Portugal. +(8)Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), +IRCCS, Str. Prov. 142, km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, To, Italy. +(9)Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University +Hospital, Gula stråket 8, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden. +(10)Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Irunlarrea 3, +31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. +(11)Pathologisch-Bakteriologisches Institut, Donauspital am SMZO, +Langobardenstraße, 122, Vienna, Austria. +(12)2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Üllői út 93, +Budapest, H-1091, Hungary. +(13)Department of Pathology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(14)Pathology Centre, Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Hipokrata St 2, +Riga, LV-1038, Latvia. +(15)School of Medicine, University College Dublin, St. Vincent's University +Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland. + +Tumor draining sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) are the sites of selective changes as +compared to non-SLNs. They show features of tumor-reactive lymphadenopathy, +including increased total number of functional blood vessels, but a relative +immunosuppressed status has also been described in them. We explored the +hypothesis of a selective regression or non-regression in SLNs versus non-SLNs in +142 patients with 110 estrogen receptor-positive and 32 estrogen +receptor-negative tumors undergoing both SLN biopsy and axillary lymph node +dissection after neoadjuvant therapy by assessing the tumoral (metastatic) and +regression statuses of SLNs and non-SLNs separately. Of the 89 cases with signs +of nodal regression, 22 cases (25%) were in favor of a selective non-regression +in SLNs, 18 cases (20%) were supportive of a selective and more pronounced +regression in the SLNs and the remaining showed equal degrees of regression or +non-regression in SLNs and non-SLNs. The results indicate that there is no +obvious difference in the degree of regressive histological changes shown by SLNs +and NSLNs. Therefore, this phenomenon may not be a major contributor to the +higher false negative rate of SLN biopsy after neoadjuvant treatment. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0229-z +PMID: 28391512 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +191. Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Jun;125(6):389-397. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21860. Epub 2017 +Apr 3. + +Columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: Cytomorphological +characteristics of 11 cases with histological correlation and literature review. + +Bongiovanni M(1), Mermod M(2), Canberk S(3), Saglietti C(1), Sykiotis GP(4), +Pusztaszeri M(5), Ragazzi M(6), Mazzucchelli L(7), Giovanella L(8), Piana S(6). + +Author information: +(1)Clinical Pathology Service, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University +Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. +(2)Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University +Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. +(3)Division of Cytology, Department of Pathology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism Service, Lausanne University +Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. +(5)Department of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, +Switzerland. +(6)Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy. +(7)Institute of Pathology, Locarno, Switzerland. +(8)Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Oncology Institute of +Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. + +BACKGROUND: The columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC-CCV) is +a rare entity that demonstrates a more aggressive clinical course compared with +the more common subtypes of PTC. On histology, it is defined by papillae or +gland-like structures lined by columnar cells displaying prominent nuclear +stratification. Because to the authors' knowledge no characteristic +cytomorphological features have been identified to date and typical features of +PTC often are absent on cytology, the diagnosis of PTC-CCV by fine-needle +aspiration (FNA) is challenging. This prompted the authors to evaluate a series +of PTC-CCV cases to identify features that could facilitate its diagnosis by FNA. +METHODS: A total of 11 surgical specimens of PTC-CCV with corresponding +preoperative cytology were identified over a 21-year period. The cytological +features of the aspirated specimens, consisting mostly of Papanicolaou and +Diff-Quick smears, were evaluated retrospectively. +RESULTS: All cases demonstrated the presence of papillary structures. The most +important features observed in PTC-CCV FNA specimens were hypercellularity with +nuclear superposition and a paucity of nuclear pseudoinclusions and grooves. +CONCLUSIONS: Although PTC-CCV may demonstrate features that overlap with those of +the classic variant of PTC, hypercellular smears with papillary structures +covered by cells with pseudostratified nuclei that show a paucity of nuclear +pseudoinclusions and grooves should alert the cytopathologist to the possibility +of this diagnosis. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:389-97. © 2017 American Cancer +Society. + +© 2017 American Cancer Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21860 +PMID: 28374549 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +192. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Jun;36(3):213-219. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1303010. +Epub 2017 Apr 3. + +Pregnancy Outcomes Following Ulipristal Acetate Emergency Contraception Failure: +A Report of Five Cases. + +Ozturk Z(1), Akgul E(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology , Izmir Atatürk Research +Hospital , Izmir , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The emergency contraceptive ulipristal acetate (UPA) 30 mg is +increasingly used by women, but there is no published data on UPA exposure in +pregnancy. +CASE REPORT: Here we describe five cases of unintended pregnancies following the +use of UPA for emergency contraception. Of five pregnant women exposed to UPA, +one decided to terminate the pregnancy for personal reasons. Two of them +experienced premature rupture of membranes and the babies were born large for +gestational age (LGA). The other two women experienced gestational diabetes, and +one of them also delivered a LGA baby. The blood glucose levels of the mothers +were normal after delivery and at six weeks postpartum. No birth defects and no +growth or developmental abnormalities for the infants were reported during +6 months follow-up. +CONCLUSION: Pregnant women inadvertently exposed to UPA should be monitored +carefully, unless further data are available. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1303010 +PMID: 28368774 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +193. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Jun;36(3):232-239. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1303860. +Epub 2017 Apr 3. + +Higher Level of Oxidative Stress Markers in Small for Gestational Age Newborns +Delivered by Cesarean Section at Term. + +Dede H(1), Takmaz O(1), Ozbasli E(1), Dede S(1), Gungor M(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Acibadem University Maslak +Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to determine lipid peroxidation products +and antioxidant enzyme activity in umbilical cord blood of small for gestational +age (SGA) neonates. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Umbilical cord arterial blood samples were collected from +21-term singleton SGA newborn infants and 21 age- and sex-matched appropriate for +gestational age (AGA) term neonates prospectively born by elective cesarean +section for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid +peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for antioxidant activity. +RESULTS: MDA levels were increased (5.20 vs. 3.52 nmol/mL; p < 0.001), while +levels of SOD (6.24 vs. 8.99 U/mL; p < 0.01) were decreased in SGA neonates when +compared with AGA newborn infants. +CONCLUSIONS: Elevated MDA levels and decreased SOD activity in umbilical cord +blood may show the possibility of insufficient protective mechanisms against +increased oxidative stress in SGA neonates born by cesarean section. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1303860 +PMID: 28368675 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +194. Dis Markers. 2017;2017:5692583. doi: 10.1155/2017/5692583. Epub 2017 Mar 5. + +Ischemia-Modified Albumin as a Marker of Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Case for +Revising the Concept of "N-Terminal Modification" to "Fatty Acid Occupation" of +Albumin. + +Oran I(1), Oran B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiology, Division of Interventional Radiology, Ege University +Medical School, 35100 Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pediatrics, Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Selcuk University +Medical School, 42075 Konya, Turkey. + +Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is assumed "N-terminal modified" albumin which is +generated immediately following myocardial ischemia. The diagnosis of IMA is +based on reduced cobalt binding affinity to albumin which is attributed mainly to +incapability of cobalt to bind at albumin's modified N-terminus. Although the +albumin cobalt binding test was accepted as a potentially powerful marker for +discriminating acute coronary syndrome from nonischemic chest pain, its +usefulness has been brought into question in recent years. Patients with acutely +ischemic myocardium exhibit a rapid increase in serum levels of fatty acids +(FAs). Almost all released FAs are strongly bound to albumin which create +conformational changes in the protein with resultant reduced cobalt binding +affinity. There is a clear metabolic and temporal relationship between IMA +measured via albumin cobalt binding testing and serum levels of FAs. In line with +what has been suggested recently in the literature, we conclude that a shift from +the concept of "N-terminal modified" to "FA-occupied" albumin is required, as +this better describes IMA in patients with acute coronary syndrome. We also offer +"oxidation modified albumin, OMA," which is conceptually different from the +"FA-occupied" IMA, to describe modification of albumin in chronic disease +associated with increased oxidative stress. + +DOI: 10.1155/2017/5692583 +PMCID: PMC5357514 +PMID: 28356609 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: The authors report no conflict of interests. + + +195. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017 Jul;41(7):941-949. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000846. + +Sarcomas With CIC-rearrangements Are a Distinct Pathologic Entity With Aggressive +Outcome: A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Study of 115 Cases. + +Antonescu CR(1), Owosho AA, Zhang L, Chen S, Deniz K, Huryn JM, Kao YC, Huang SC, +Singer S, Tap W, Schaefer IM, Fletcher CD. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of *Pathology †Surgery ¶Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer +Center, New York, NY ‡Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, +Turkey §Department of Pathology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, +Taipei ∥Department of Anatomical Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang +Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan #Department of Pathology, +Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. + +CIC-DUX4 gene fusion, resulting from either a t(4;19) or t(10;19) translocation, +is the most common genetic abnormality detected in EWSR1-negative small blue +round cell tumors. Following their discovery it was debated if these tumors +should be classified as variants of Ewing sarcoma (ie, atypical Ewing sarcoma) or +as a stand-alone pathologic entity. As such the WHO classification temporarily +grouped the CIC-rearranged tumors under undifferentiated sarcomas with round cell +phenotype, until further clinical evidence was available. However, most studies +reported so far include small series with limited follow-up information, which +preclude a more definitive assessment. The present work investigates the +clinicopathologic features of a large cohort of sarcomas with CIC gene +rearrangement, to define their clinical presentation, morphologic spectrum, and +outcome. Our study further examines the overall survival of the CIC-positive +cohort compared with a control group of EWSR1-rearranged Ewing sarcoma matched +for age and stage. The study cohort included 115 patients, with a mean age of 32 +years and a slight male predominance. Most tumors occurred in the soft tissue +(86%), predominantly deep-seated and equally divided among trunk and extremity, +followed by visceral locations (12%) and rarely in the bone (3%). +Microscopically, most tumors showed round to ovoid cytomorphology but half of the +cases showed also focal areas of spindling and epithelioid/rhabdoid phenotype, +with frequent myxoid stromal changes. Variable CD99 reactivity was seen in 84% +cases, with a diffuse pattern only in 23% of cases, whereas nuclear WT1 was seen +in 92%. A CIC-DUX4 fusion was detected in 57% of cases, with either DUX4 on 4q35 +(35%) or on 10q26 in 25 (22%) cases. No FOXO4 gene rearrangements were present in +39 cases tested. Clinical follow-up was available in 57 patients, with a 5-year +survival of 43%, which was significantly lower than the 77% 5-year survival in +the control Ewing sarcoma group (P=0.002). Our findings show that CIC-DUX4 +sarcomas occur most commonly in young adults within the somatic soft tissues, +having a wide spectrum of morphology including round, epithelioid and spindle +cells, and associated with an aggressive clinical course, with an inferior +overall survival compared with Ewing sarcoma. The results support the +classification of CIC-rearranged tumors as an independent molecular and clinical +subset of small blue round cell tumors distinct from Ewing sarcoma. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000846 +PMCID: PMC5468475 +PMID: 28346326 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +196. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 Jan;37(1):17-21. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000370. + +MELF Pattern for Predicting Lymph Node Involvement and Survival in Grade I-II +Endometrioid-type Endometrial Cancer. + +Sanci M(1), Güngördük K, Gülseren V, Karadeniz T, Kocaer M, Gungorduk O, Özdemir +İA. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Gynecologic Oncology (M.S.) Obstetrics and Gynecology (V.G., +M.K., O.G.) Pathology (T.K.), Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir +Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Muğla Sitki Koçman University Education and +Research Hospital, Muğla (K.G.) Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Bakirköy Dr. +Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul (I.A.O.), Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to examine the associations between microcystic, +elongated, and fragmented (MELF) pattern and other prognostic factors and lymph +node involvement, disease-free survival, and overall survival (OS) using a +case-control group consisting of grade I-II endometrioid endometrial carcinoma +(EEC) patients with/without lymph node involvement. The files of the patients +were searched electronically for all hysterectomy specimens with a diagnosis of +grade I-II EEC of the uterine body from January 1, 2008 to July 31, 2014. Lymph +node involvement was detected in 27 patients who were histologically diagnosed +with grade I-II EEC, and these patients made up the case group. Using a dependent +random sampling method, 28 grade I-II EEC patients without lymph node involvement +were selected. According to multivariate regression analysis, lymphovascular +space invasion [odds ratio, 23.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.4-223.5] and +MELF pattern (odds ratio, 13.3; 95% CI, 1.4-121.8) were significant predictors of +lymph node involvement. There was recurrence in 15.8% of cases that showed a MELF +pattern and in 19.4% of those that did not (P=0.738). According to Kaplan-Meier +analysis, the MELF pattern revealed no significant differences in disease-free +survival (hazard ratio, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.1-36.5), whereas the effect on OS was +significant (hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3-4.2). The presence of MELF pattern +was a substantial risk factor for detecting lymph node involvement in patients +with grade I-II EEC. The MELF pattern may be important for identifying which +patients need staging surgery, in addition to its effect on the OS. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000370 +PMID: 28319574 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +197. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 Jan;37(1):27-31. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000376. + +Survivin Expression in Simple Endometrial Polyps and Tamoxifen-associated +Endometrial Polyps. + +Gokmen Karasu AF(1), Sonmez FC, Aydin S, Adanir I, Marasli M, Ilhan GK. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.F.G.K., S.A., I.A., M.M.) +Pathology (F.C.S.), Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University Department of +Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suleymaniye Maternity Training and Research Hospital +(G.K.I.), Istanbul, Turkey. + +Endometrial polyps are benign pathologies originating as localized overgrowths of +basal endometrium. Risk factors include endogenous and exogenous estrogen excess +and tamoxifen (TAM) exposure. Our main objective was to investigate the role of +an apoptosis-inhibiting protein, survivin, in endometrial polyps. We performed a +cross-sectional, analytical study; our samples were obtained from the archives of +the Department of Pathology. Sixty samples were included, comprising 20 TAM +polyps, 20 simple endometrial polyps, and 20 cases of simple endometrial +hyperplasia without atypia not associated with TAM use. Immunohistochemical +staining with rabbit monoclonal anti-human survivin, clone EP 119, was performed. +Survivin staining score was highest in the endometrial polyp group and lowest in +the TAM polyp group (P<0.001). There was no correlation between survivin staining +score and the age of patient (r=0.09), TAM exposure (r=-0.02), nor endometrial +thickness (r=0.25). Endometrial polyps are frequently associated with TAM. The +low expression of the antiapoptotic marker survivin in TAM polyps but high +expression in other polypoid endometrium illustrates that different mechanisms +are responsible in the pathogenesis of endometrial polyps. It is possible that +there is a direct effect of TAM on apoptosis or indirect effect through a +progesterone-related mechanism. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000376 +PMID: 28319569 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +198. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2017 May - Jun;28:31-35. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.03.001. +Epub 2017 Mar 7. + +Coronary fat embolism following subarachnoid hemorrhage: an experimental study. + +Bayram E(1), Atalay C(2), Altaş E(3), Koza Y(4), Kabalar E(5), Açıkel M(1), Aydın +MD(6). + +Author information: +(1)Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Erzurum, +Turkey. +(2)Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and +Reanimation, Erzurum, Turkey. +(3)Palandoken State Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Erzurum, Turkey. +(4)Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Erzurum, +Turkey. Electronic address: yavuzerkoza@hotmail.com. +(5)Erzurum Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Erzurum, +Turkey. +(6)Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Erzurum, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can lead to neurogenic pulmonary edema +(NPE), and chylomicron metabolism may be altered unfavorably in acute lung +injury. This study aimed to investigate the possible effect of NPE on the +development of coronary fat embolism. +METHODS: This study was conducted on 27 rabbits, 5 of which were used as the +control (n=5). Experimental SAH was induced in 15 of the animals by injecting +homologous blood into the cisterna magna, and the remaining 7 animals were +administered only isotonic saline solution (Sham, n=7) in the same manner under +general anesthesia. After 21 days, all the animals were euthanized, and their +hearts, lungs, and brains underwent histopathological examination. +RESULTS: Six animals died of SAH during the experiment, and foamy hemorrhagic +parenchymal lesions and intra-alveolar hemorrhage were observed in their lungs. +The histopathologic findings revealed minimal changes in the lungs, heart, and +brains of the surviving animals; however, an abundant amount of fat globules was +found in the coronary arteries of the six nonsurviving animals. There was a +meaningful difference between the number of occluded coronary arteries with fatty +globules in the surviving and nonsurviving animals (P<.001). However, the +difference between the survivors and the isotonic-saline-injected group was not +meaningful (P>.05). Coronary fat embolism was an important mortality factor +following SAH (P<.005). +CONCLUSIONS: In SAH-induced NPE, the leakage of chylomicrons into the systemic +circulation may lead to coronary fat embolism, which has not yet been reported in +the literature. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.03.001 +PMID: 28288410 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +199. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 May;213(5):483-489. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.02.007. Epub +2017 Feb 10. + +Expression of NGF, GDNF and MMP-9 in prostate carcinoma. + +Baspinar S(1), Bircan S(2), Ciris M(2), Karahan N(2), Bozkurt KK(2). + +Author information: +(1)Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: sirinbaspinar@gmail.com. +(2)Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. + +The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical +expression of NGF, GDNF and MMP-9 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), high +grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostate cancer (PC), and +to analyse their association with the clinicopathological parameters in PC cases. +Immunohistochemistry was performed on the tissue microarray (TMA) sections of 30 +BPH, 40 HGPIN and 121 primary PC tissues. There was a significant difference +regarding the expression of NGF and GDNF between PC and HGPIN (p<0.0001; +p<0.0001), and PC and BPH (p=0.001; p<0.0001), but not between HGPIN and BPH +(p>0.05). Furthermore MMP-9 expression was significantly different among all +groups (PC vs. HGPIN, p<0.0001; PC vs. BPH, p<0.0001; HGPIN vs. BPH, p=0.001). +NGF, GDNF and MMP-9 expression was significantly stronger in cases with high +Gleason score (p<0.0001, p=0.004, p<0.0001 respectively) and pT stage (p=0.046, +p=0.004, p=0.001, respectively) in PC cases. All these markers were also +associated with perineural, lymphovascular and extraprostatic invasion (p <0.05). +In addition, a positive correlation was found between NGF and MMP-9 (p<0.0001, +r=0.435), NGF and GDNF (p<0.0001, r=0.634), and GDNF and MMP-9 (p<0.0001, +r=0.670) in PC cases. According to our results we suggest an interaction between +NGF, GDNF and MMP-9 during the transition to malignancy in PC. Also this +interaction may involve in regulating PC cell differentiation, tumor invasion, +progression, and the agressiveness of PC. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.02.007 +PMID: 28237042 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +200. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2017 Jun 14;69(5):317-327. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.002. +Epub 2017 Feb 21. + +Protective effects of silymarin and curcumin on cyclophosphamide-induced +cardiotoxicity. + +Avci H(1), Epikmen ET(2), Ipek E(2), Tunca R(2), Birincioglu SS(2), Akşit H(3), +Sekkin S(4), Akkoç AN(2), Boyacioglu M(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Adnan +Menderes, 09016 Aydin, Turkey. Electronic address: havci@adu.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Adnan +Menderes, 09016 Aydin, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of +Balikesir, 10100 Balikesir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +University of Adnan Menderes, 09016 Aydin, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a potent anticancer agent; its clinical +use is limited due to its marked cardiotoxicity. +AIM: The present study was aimed at evaluating the cardioprotective effects of +silymarin (SLY) and curcumin (CUR), which have strong antioxidant properties, +against the toxic effects of high-dose CP on the heart of rats. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 36 adult Wistar albino female rats were +randomly divided into six groups. Group I (control group; nothing was +administered), Group II (CP group; 30mg/kg/day CP was administered +intraperitoneally to each animal for seven days), Group III (SLY group; +100mg/kg/day SLY by gavage for 14 days), Group IV (CUR group; 100mg/kg/day CUR by +gavage for 14 days), Group V (SLY+CP group; 100mg/kg/day SLY by gavage for 14days +plus 30mg/kg/day CP intraperitoneally starting from the seventh day) and Group VI +(CUR+CP group; 100mg/kg/day CUR by gavage for 14days plus 30mg/kg/day CP +intraperitoneally starting from the seventh day). Biochemical, histopathological +and immunohistochemical methods were utilised for evaluation of the +cardiotoxicity. +RESULTS: The result showed that an increase in heart MDA and DNA fragmentation +levels were detected while significant decreases were seen in SOD levels in CP +alone group when compared to the other groups. CP caused severe damage in the +histopathological status of heart tissue including intersititial oedema, +haemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis in muscle fibrils and perinuclear +vacuolization. A significant increase in the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells +and γH2AX protein expression was detected in the CP-treated group compared to the +control and other treated groups. There was significant increase in the +percentage of caspase 3-positive cells and decrease in the percentage of Bcl-2 +positive cells in the CP group compared to the control group and other treated +groups. However, a significant decrease in the percentage of cTnI and cTnT +immunoreactivity was also observed in the CP-treated group compared to the +control and other treated groups. In the groups in which SLY and CUR were +administered concurrently with CP, biochemical parameters, histopathological and +immunohistochemical results were found to be significantly lower than in the +CP-only group. +CONCLUSIONS: These results lead to conclusion that the natural antioxidant SLY +and CUR might have protective effects against CP-induced cardiotoxicity and +oxidative stress in rats. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.02.002 +PMID: 28236505 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +201. Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Jan;24(1):59-65. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0212-8. Epub 2017 +Feb 24. + +Expression of Stromal Caveolin- 1 May Be a Predictor for Aggressive Behaviour of +Breast Cancer. + +Eliyatkin N(1), Aktas S(2), Diniz G(3), Ozgur HH(4), Ekin ZY(5), Kupelioglu A(4). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Aydin, +Turkey. +(2)Basic Oncology Department, Dokuz Eylul University Oncology Institute, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Pathology Department, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Kibris +Sehitleri Cad 51/11 Alsancak, 35220, Izmir, Turkey. agdiniz@gmail.com. +(4)Private Gunes Pathology Laboratory, Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Pathology Department, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Kibris +Sehitleri Cad 51/11 Alsancak, 35220, Izmir, Turkey. + +Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is well known as a principal scaffolding protein of caveolae +which are specialized plasma membrane structures. The role of Cav-1 in +tumorigenesis of breast cancers is relatively less studied. The aim of the +present study is to describe the biological roles of Cav-1 in breast cancers +considering its contrasting dual functions as an oncogene and as a tumor +suppressor. This study included 71 females with breast cancer who had been +histopathologically diagnosed in Private Gunes Pathology Laboratory between the +years 2007, and 2012. The mean age is 52.48 ± 12.8 years. Patients were followed +up for a mean period of 47.97 ± 20.48 months. We didn't determine Cav-1 positive +tumor cells. In 36 cases (50.7%), there were stromal expressions of Cav-1. In the +statistical analysis, there was a statistically significant correlation between +Cav-1 expression and ER (p = 0.033), metastasis (p = 0.005), lymphatic invasion +(p = 0.000), nodal metastasis (p = 0,003), perinodal invasion (p = 0.003), +metastasis (p = 0.005) and survival (p = 0.009). We found that Cav-1 expression +is associated with tumor size, histological grade, lymph node involvement. +Accordingly, we have suggested that Cav-1 may be a predictive biomarker for +breast cancer. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0212-8 +PMID: 28236153 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +202. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2017 Jun;38(2):139-144. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000304. + +Suicides by Jumping Off Istanbul Bridges Linking Asia and Europe. + +Yurtseven A(1), Üzün İ, Arslan MN. + +Author information: +(1)From the The Council of Forensic Medicine, The Ministry of Justice of Turkey, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the injury spectrum and +characteristics of people who committed suicide by jumping into water from the +July 15th Martyrs Bridge and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridges in Istanbul, Turkey. +METHODS: This study included all of the jumpers from the July 15th Martyrs Bridge +and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge who were autopsied by the Council of Forensic +Medicine, Istanbul Morgue Department, between 2000 and 2013. All of the data were +collected from archived case files. Trauma scores were calculated from the +traumatic findings of the autopsy reports using the New Injury Severity Score +(NISS). +RESULTS: A total of 80 jumping suicides were identified. The male-to-female ratio +was 9:1, and the mean age was 34.06 ± 9.6 years. Most suicides occurred in 2009. +The suicide rates were higher in the winter, particularly in December. The most +frequent injuries were skin lesions, rib fractures, and lung lacerations. In 12% +of the cases, the trauma was minor (NISS range, 0-14; mean, 7 ± 5.67), and in 88% +of the cases, it was major (NISS range, 17-66; mean NISS, 44.5 ± 12.46). +CONCLUSION: The sociodemographic features of the jumpers who committed suicide +were quite similar to those reported in previous studies. Preventative measures +(installation of barriers or banning pedestrian access to bridges) reduced the +suicide rate but were not completely effective. Establishing early warning +systems and rescue strategies could save the lives of jumpers who have minor +trauma. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000304 +PMID: 28230653 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +203. APMIS. 2017 May;125(5):431-436. doi: 10.1111/apm.12657. Epub 2017 Feb 22. + +Cytopathologic differential diagnosis of low-grade urothelial carcinoma and +reactive urothelial proliferation in bladder washings: a logistic regression +analysis. + +Cakir E(1), Kucuk U(2), Pala EE(2), Sezer O(3), Ekin RG(4), Cakmak O(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, İzmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and +Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Pathology Laboratory, Hakkari State Hospital, Hakkari, Turkey. +(4)Department of Urology, Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Conventional cytomorphologic assessment is the first step to establish an +accurate diagnosis in urinary cytology. In cytologic preparations, the separation +of low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) from reactive urothelial proliferation +(RUP) can be exceedingly difficult. The bladder washing cytologies of 32 LGUC and +29 RUP were reviewed. The cytologic slides were examined for the presence or +absence of the 28 cytologic features. The cytologic criteria showing statistical +significance in LGUC were increased numbers of monotonous single (non-umbrella) +cells, three-dimensional cellular papillary clusters without fibrovascular cores, +irregular bordered clusters, atypical single cells, irregular nuclear overlap, +cytoplasmic homogeneity, increased N/C ratio, pleomorphism, nuclear border +irregularity, nuclear eccentricity, elongated nuclei, and hyperchromasia +(p ˂ 0.05), and the cytologic criteria showing statistical significance in RUP +were inflammatory background, mixture of small and large urothelial cells, loose +monolayer aggregates, and vacuolated cytoplasm (p ˂ 0.05). When these variables +were subjected to a stepwise logistic regression analysis, four features were +selected to distinguish LGUC from RUP: increased numbers of monotonous single +(non-umbrella) cells, increased nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, hyperchromasia, and +presence of small and large urothelial cells (p = 0.0001). By this logistic model +of the 32 cases with proven LGUC, the stepwise logistic regression analysis +correctly predicted 31 (96.9%) patients with this diagnosis, and of the 29 +patients with RUP, the logistic model correctly predicted 26 (89.7%) patients as +having this disease. There are several cytologic features to separate LGUC from +RUP. Stepwise logistic regression analysis is a valuable tool for determining the +most useful cytologic criteria to distinguish these entities. + +© 2017 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12657 +PMID: 28225151 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +204. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 May;213(5):522-530. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.01.010. Epub +2017 Jan 21. + +Investigation of BRAF mutation analysis with different technical platforms in +metastatic melanoma. + +Sener E(1), Yildirim P(2), Tan A(3), Gokoz O(4), Tezel GG(5). + +Author information: +(1)Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, +Erzurum, Turkey. +(2)Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Manisa, +Turkey. +(4)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. +(5)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. Electronic address: gayejp@hacettepe.edu.tr. + +In metastatic melanoma, the detection of somatic mutations in the BRAF gene is +crucial regarding patient selection for targeted therapy. Several screening +methods have been developed to identify BRAF gene mutations. In this study, our +objective was to evaluate the detection of the BRAF V600 mutations using two +molecular methods, real-time polymerase chain (real-time PCR) assay and +pyrosequencing, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and to compare the results of +these different technical platforms. This study included 98 patients diagnosed +with metastatic melanoma at the Hacettepe University, Department of Pathology +between 2002 and 2014. BRAF mutation analysis was tested with real-time PCR, +pyrosequencing and IHC methods. The results of all three tests were compared with +a reference test, and the sensitivity, specificity rates and kappa coefficient +values were analysed for each test. We successfully analysed BRAF mutations using +all three methods in 92 patients. According to our findings, the pyrosequencing +method had the highest kappa value regarding the determination of BRAF V600 +mutations. The kappa values were at almost perfect agreement levels in +pyrosequencing and real-time PCR assay (kappa coefficient for +pyrosequencing=0.895 (95% CI: 0.795-0.995); kappa coefficient for real-time +PCR=0.871 (95% CI: 0.761-0.981). The kappa value was at a substantial agreement +level in the IHC analysis (kappa coefficient=0.776 (95% CI: 0.629-0.923). +According to our results, we found that real-time PCR and pyrosequencing methods +were equally excellent in determination of BRAF V600 mutations. The IHC method, +which is commonly used in routine pathology practice, can also be safely used as +a screening test for determination of BRAF V600 mutations. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.01.010 +PMID: 28216139 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +205. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 Mar;213(3):227-234. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.12.010. Epub +2017 Jan 10. + +GATA3 expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters in +invasive breast carcinomas. + +Cakir A(1), Isik Gonul I(2), Ekinci O(3), Cetin B(4), Benekli M(5), Uluoglu O(6). + +Author information: +(1)Medipol University, School of Medicine, University Hospital, Department of +Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: erdoganasli@gmail.com. +(2)Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: dripek@gmail.com. +(3)Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: ozzyekinci@hotmail.com. +(4)Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: bulentcetin@cumhuriyet.edu.tr. +(5)Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: mbenekli@gazi.edu.tr. +(6)Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: culuoglu@yahoo.com. + +GATA3, as a transcription factor, is associated with estrogen receptor (ER) +expression and necessary for luminal cell differentiation in mammary glands. +Association of GATA3 expression with clinicopathological parameters, molecular +subtypes of tumors, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for +breast carcinoma patients were evaluated in this study. We immunohistochemically +stained GATA3, CK5/6, EGFR, CK14 and vimentin on tissue microarray blocks of 457 +invasive breast carcinomas. Tumors are sub-classified as luminal A, luminal B, +HER2 expressing, basal-like and null type according to their hormonal status with +cerbB2, CK 5/6 and EGFR expressions. Follow-up data for 254 cases were obtained. +215/457 (47%) tumors were GATA3 positive. GATA3 expression was inversely +correlated with mitotic count (p<0.0001), nuclear grade (p=0.001), histological +grade (p=0.001), tumor necrosis (p=0.001), stromal lymphocytic response (p<0.01), +nipple invasion (p=0.01), metastasis (p=0.03), vimentin (p=0.0003), EGFR +(p=0.015) and CK14 (p=0.001) expressions; and directly associated with ER +(p<0.0001) and progesterone receptor (PR) (p<0.0001) expressions. Luminal A +carcinomas had the highest frequency for GATA-3 (140/245), however basal-like +carcinomas had the lowest (1/42) (p<0.0001). None of the medullary and +metaplastic carcinomas expressed GATA3. GATA3 was associated with good DFS and OS +(p=0.001 and p=0.0009) and was an independent prognostic factor for OS. GATA3 +expression, regardless of the subtype, may have a prognostic significance for +breast carcinomas through its ability to promote the differentiation of luminal +progenitor cells. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.12.010 +PMID: 28215639 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +206. Pathol Res Pract. 2017 May;213(5):518-521. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.01.016. Epub +2017 Jan 22. + +Malignant tumors associated with ovarian mature teratoma: A single institution +experience. + +Trabzonlu L(1), Durmaz G(2), Vural C(3), Muezzinoglu B(3), Corakci A(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. Electronic address: leventtrabzonlu186@gmail.com. +(2)Medical Student, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University Faculty of +Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to present demographical features of cases +diagnosed with malignant tumor associated with ovarian mature teratoma and to +analyze histopathological features and clinical follow up of these tumors. +STUDY DESIGN: Single-institution retrospective charts were reviewed to identify +all cases of ovarian mature teratoma diagnosed from 1998 to 2015. +Clinicopathological parameters that were analyzed include age, tumor size, tumor +stage, histological type, laterality, IOC diagnosis and whether or not patient +has received adjuvant chemotherapy. +RESULTS: A total of 218 ovarian mature teratoma cases were identified during the +study period. Of the 218 ovarian mature teratoma specimens, eight (3.7%) +exhibited malignant tumors. The average age for cases of malignancy associated +with ovarian mature teratoma was 44.6 years. The average size of tumors was +10.36cm. On final pathology, histological types of tumors were as follows: two +cases each of squamous cell carcinoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma; one case +each of mucinous adenocarcinoma, metastatic adenocarcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma +and oligodendroglioma. Only one patient with Stage IIB tumor died of disease. One +patient was alive with metastatic disease two months after initial diagnosis. +Mean and median follow-up times were 64.1 and 49 months, respectively. +CONCLUSION: An ovarian mass that has characteristics of a teratoma in a +postmenopausal patient should alert for malignancy -regardless of tumor size. IOC +is a valuable tool for the detection of malignancy and should be requested to +determine the modality of surgical approach. + +Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.01.016 +PMID: 28214217 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +207. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Jan-Mar;60(1):97-98. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.200024. + +Trichoblastic carcinoma of the scalp with rippled pattern. + +Leblebici C(1), Altinel D(2), Serin M(2), Okcu O(1), Yazar SK(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Plastic Surgery, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Trichoblastic carcinoma (TC) is a rare type of malignancy which is derived from +the hair follicles. In this paper, we report a case with TC on the scalp +characterized with rippled pattern. There have been reports of rippled pattern in +trichoblastomas, sebaceomas, and basal cell carcinomas. To the best of our +knowledge, this is the first case in the literature to report a rippled pattern +in TCs. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.200024 +PMID: 28195101 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +208. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Jan-Mar;60(1):27-32. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.200021. + +Perineural invasion is a valuable prognostic factor in advanced stage and/or Node +(+) cervical cancer. + +Vural C(1), Bayrak BY(1), Muezzınoglu B(1), Yucesoy I(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kocaeli University Faculty of +Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Perineural invasion (PNI) is correlated with adverse survival in +several malignancies, but its significance cervical cancer remains to be clearly +defined. The objective of this study was to determine the association between PNI +status and clinical outcomes in clinically localized surgically treated cervical +cancers. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed clinical records and pathology slides of 111 +patients with cervical cancer treated with surgery at a single academic center. +PNI was evaluated for presence, number of foci per slide, involved largest nerve +size, and topographically (intratumoral vs. extratumoral). Association with these +parameters, clinicopathologic characteristics and survival were analyzed. +RESULTS: The analysis demonstrated that PNI in cervical cancer was significantly +correlated with parametrial invasion, tumor size, resection margin involvement, +lymphovascular invasion, lymph node (LN) metastasis, depth of stromal invasion, +necrosis, and higher stage disease (P < 0.005). Similarly, PNI density and mean +size of the nerve involved were also associated with advanced stage (P < 0.005). +In the multivariate analysis, PNI was not an independent prognostic factor for +disease-free and overall survival. However, in the advanced stage cases and LN +(+) cases, PNI is significantly associated with lower overall survival (43 vs. 58 +months and 36 vs. 60 months, respectively, P < 0.005). +CONCLUSIONS: The presence of PNI is accompanied by high-risk factors for +recurrence. Overall survival rate is significantly reduced in PNI (+) patients. +Although PNI itself is not an independent prognostic factor, PNI has a +significant prognostic impact on overall survival in patients with advanced stage +and/or Node (+) cervical cancer. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.200021 +PMID: 28195087 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +209. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2017 Jan-Mar;60(1):15-20. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.200032. + +Histological evaluation of the possible transformation of peripheral giant cell +granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma: A preliminary study. + +Dereci Ö(1), Akgün Ş(2), Celasun B(3), Öztürk A(4), Günhan Ö(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskişehir +Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Gören Private Pathology Labratory, Private Gören Pathology Institution, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara +University, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +AIMS: The objective of this study is to describe shared morphological features of +peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) and peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) in +detail and discuss the possible relationship between them. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten intermediate cases with features resembling to both +POF and PGCG were selected and type 3 and 1 collagen immunostainings were +performed for evaluation of the connective tissue maturation. Immunohistochemical +staining percentage (SP) for stromal cells in the slides of POF and PGCG +counterparts of intermediate lesions was scored as 1 when the SP was above 10%, 2 +when the SP was above 25%, 3 when the SP was above 50% and 4 when the SP was +above 75%. Staining intensity (SI) of immunuhistochemical staining was graded and +scored as 1 - mild, 2 - moderate, and 3 - severe. An immunoreactivity score was +calculated by multiplying SP and SI. +RESULTS: All intermediate lesions comprised osteoclast type multinucleated giant +cells and partly mineralized hard tissue component. Parts of intermediate lesions +resembling POF showed higher type 1 collagen immunoreactivity compared to the +PGCG counterparts of intermediate lesions (P < 0.05). PGCG counterparts showed +higher type 3 collagen immunoreactivity compared to the POF counterparts of the +intermediate lesions (P < 0.05). +CONCLUSION: POF may be a later stage lesion with morphologically more mature +components. A possible transformation may be considered for these two lesions. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.200032 +PMID: 28195085 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +210. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Apr;45(4):297-302. doi: 10.1002/dc.23674. Epub 2017 Feb 4. + +The significance of parakeratosis alone in cervicovaginal cytology of turkish +women. + +Kir G(1), Sarbay BC(2), Seneldir H(1). + +Author information: +(1)İstanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Research and Training Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Pathology Department, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: We aimed to analyze the significance of parakeratosis on an otherwise +negative Papanicalaou (Pap) smear, in the absence of any characteristic human +papilloma virus (HPV) findings. +METHODS: A total of 22,076 Papanicalaou smears that were diagnosed as negative +for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy between 2013 and 2015 were included in +this study. Samples were separated into two groups, according to the presence of +parakeratosis. We investigated the association between parakeratosis in the +cytology results and a high-risk HPV status and high-grade squamous +intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in the colposcopic biopsy specimens. +RESULTS: A positive HPV result was more frequently identified in cases with +parakeratosis than in cases without parakeratosis (P < 0.001). A histological +diagnosis of HSIL was more frequently observed in HPV-positive cases with a +diagnosis of parakeratosis on cytology than in cases without parakeratosis +(P = 0.8). +CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that a finding of parakeratosis on an +otherwise negative Pap smear supports a follow-up HPV DNA test. Also we should +consider whether the presence of parakeratosis should be included in standard +cytology reports. Additionally parakeratosis trended toward increased frequency +of HSIL in follow-up biopsy specimens. But it did not reach statistical +significance. That is why larger studies are necessary to evaluate the +association of parakeratosis and HSIL in colposcopic biopsy specimens. Diagn. +Cytopathol. 2017;45:297-302. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23674 +PMID: 28160449 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +211. Pol J Pathol. 2016;67(3):250-257. doi: 10.5114/pjp.2016.63777. + +The potential beneficial effects of ethyl pyruvate on diabetic nephropathy: an +experimental and ultrastructural study. + +Bahadir MV(1), Yildirim Y(2), Baran OP(3), Polat S(4), Akkoc H(5), Tunik S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Transplantation, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of +Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyabakir, Turkey. mvbahadir@yahoo.com. +(2)Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, +University of Dicle, Diyabakir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Dicle, Diyabakir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Çukurova, Adana, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, +Diyabakir, Turkey. + +Oxidative stress is one of the main causes of diabetic nephropathy, which is a +complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to investigate +the possible role of ethyl pyruvate (EP) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats' +kidney. Four groups (n = 8) of male Wistar albino rats were used as follows: +control group rats received only sodium citrate buffer solution intraperitoneally +(ip). The EP group was given 50 mg/kg EP ip. In the DM group, diabetes was +induced by streptozotocin. The DM + EP group received 50 mg/kg EP ip. All animals +received daily treatment for 14 days, and at the end of the study the kidneys +were removed: the left kidney of the rats was used for malondialdehyde (MDA) +analysis and the right kidney for histological examination. There was normal +appearance of the kidney tissues in the control and the EP-administered groups. +In the DM group, there was evident basement membrane thickening and enlargement +of mesangial matrix; swelling in some tubular epithelial cells was also +noticeable. In the DM+EP administered group, nearly the same appearance as the +control group and relative thickening in the glomerular basal membrane were +observed. The antioxidant effect of ethyl pyruvate improved the renal structures +in the DM + EP group. + +DOI: 10.5114/pjp.2016.63777 +PMID: 28155974 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +212. Pol J Pathol. 2016;67(3):221-227. doi: 10.5114/pjp.2016.63773. + +Serous versus high-grade endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: immunohistochemistry +of RFP is not useful for differentiation. + +Ussakli C(1), Usubutun A(2), Dincer N(3), Dolgun A(4), Bülbül D(4), Isikdogan +Z(5), Haberal N(6), Ozen O(6), Tezel GG(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +alpusubutun@yahoo.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Etlik Zübeyde Hanim Research and Teaching Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Bas'kent University, Ankara, Turkey. + +We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of ret finger protein (RFP) along +with conventional immunohistochemical markers in endometrioid and serous +carcinomas of the endometrium. A total of 124 endometrial carcinoma cases (24 +grade 1 endometrioid, 60 grade 3 endometrioid, 40 serous) were retrieved from +pathology archives. Tissue microarrays were constructed. The expression of RFP, +WT1, ER, PR, p53 and p16 was examined immunohistochemically. Sensitivity, +specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve,  +statistic for interobserver reproducibility, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U +test and Fisher's exact tests were performed for statistical analyses. The mean +RFP score was 1.54 in grade 1 endometrioid, 4.31 in grade 3 endometrioid, and +6.31 in serous carcinomas (p < 0.001). Overall, RFP scores were higher both in +serous and grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma (p > 0.05), and significantly lower in +grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma (p < 0.05). p16 and p53 staining patterns were +able to differentiate between high-grade endometrioid and serous carcinoma (p < +0.001). ER, PR and WT-1 did not reach statistical significance for subtyping. The + values of the general agreement between the observers were 0.737 and 0.727 for +endometrioid and serous carcinomas respectively (p < 0.001). Diffuse p53 and p16 +staining provides the most sensitive and specific immunomarkers for +differentiating high-grade endometrioid and serous carcinomas. + +DOI: 10.5114/pjp.2016.63773 +PMID: 28155970 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +213. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 May;45(5):381-383. doi: 10.1002/dc.23663. Epub 2017 Jan +31. + +Telecytology: "Cells beyond the borders"-The example in two countries. + +Canberk S(1), Ince U(1), Schmitt F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology subdivision of Cytopathology, Acibadem University, +Kayısdagı cd. Ataşehir-Istanbul-TR, Turkey. +(2)Laboratorie national de Sante, Dudelange, Luxembourg. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23663 +PMID: 28140517 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +214. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2017 Nov;36(6):550-554. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000367. + +Misinterpretation of Frozen Section in Endometrial Cancer Cases: Does It Have Any +Effect on Disease-free and Overall Survival? + +Şenol T(1), Polat M, Özkaya E, Karateke A. + +Author information: +(1)Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Health Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to assess whether misinterpretation of frozen sections +in endometrial cancer cases is associated with survival and determine the factors +leading to mismatch. One hundred fifty endometrial cancer cases treated in Zeynep +Kamil Maternity and Children's Health Training and Research Hospital between +January 2010 and December 2014 were included in the study. Frozen sections and +final histopathologic reports were screened from a prospectively collected +database and analyzed on whether mismatch between the initial and the final +reports has any impact on disease-free survival. There were 31 patients with +mismatched frozen sections with the final report, whereas in 119 patients, frozen +sections and final reports were consistent. The recurrence-free survival time was +similar between groups (51 vs. 49, P=0.813). Overall survivals were also similar +between groups (55 vs. 52, P=0.880). Frozen section misinterpretation does not +affect disease-free and overall survival in endometrial cancer cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000367 +PMID: 28134667 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +215. Dis Markers. 2017;2017:4343171. doi: 10.1155/2017/4343171. Epub 2017 Jan 2. + +Parathyroid Hormone Levels in the Prediction of Ischemic Stroke Risk. + +Çelik G(1), Doğan A(2), Dener Ş(3), Öztürk Ş(4), Kulaksızoğlu S(5), Ekmekçi H(4). + +Author information: +(1)Beyhekim State Hospital, Department of Neurology, Konya, Turkey. +(2)Bandırma State Hospital, Department of Neurology, Balıkesir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurology, Başkent University, Konya Training and Research +Hospital, Konya, Turkey. +(4)Department of Neurology, Selçuk Medical Faculty, Selçuk University, Konya, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Biochemistry, Başkent University, Konya Training and Research +Hospital, Konya, Turkey. + +Objective. It was examined whether PTH and 25-dihydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) +levels, together or separately, are indicators of the risk of stroke. Materials +and Methods. This prospective study was performed at two centers. In the study, +100 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke and 100 control individuals in +the same age range were examined. In addition to neurological examination, +cranial imaging, extensive routine blood chemistry, PTH, and 25(OH)D levels were +evaluated in all cases. Stroke risk factors were determined. Logistic regression +was used for statistical analysis. Results. A total of 60 patients and 79 control +individuals were included in the study. Different estimation models were designed +in order to examine the relationship between PTH and 25(OH)D levels with stroke. +According to modeling results, it was determined that the most effective +predictor for risk of stroke was 25(OH)D levels, followed by hypertension and PTH +levels, respectively. Conclusion. PTH and 25(OH)D levels together can make +important contributions to determination of stroke risk, and further +investigations are needed to understand this relationship more fully. + +DOI: 10.1155/2017/4343171 +PMCID: PMC5237770 +PMID: 28115793 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of +interests regarding the publication of this paper. + + +216. Dis Model Mech. 2017 May 1;10(5):619-631. doi: 10.1242/dmm.028035. Epub 2017 Jan +20. + +Blood RNA biomarkers in prodromal PARK4 and rapid eye movement sleep behavior +disorder show role of complexin 1 loss for risk of Parkinson's disease. + +Lahut S(1)(2), Gispert S(1), Ömür Ö(1)(2), Depboylu C(3), Seidel K(4), +Domínguez-Bautista JA(1), Brehm N(1), Tireli H(5), Hackmann K(6), Pirkevi C(2), +Leube B(7), Ries V(3), Reim K(8), Brose N(8), den Dunnen WF(9), Johnson M(10), +Wolf Z(11), Schindewolf M(12), Schrempf W(13), Reetz K(14), Young P(15), Vadasz +D(3), Frangakis AS(10), Schröck E(6), Steinmetz H(1), Jendrach M(1), Rüb U(4), +Başak AN(2), Oertel W(3), Auburger G(16). + +Author information: +(1)Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt/Main +60590, Germany. +(2)NDAL, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Baldingerstrasse, Marburg 35043, +Germany. +(4)Dr Senckenberg Chronomedical Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main +60590, Germany. +(5)Department of Neurology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul 34668, Turkey. +(6)Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU +Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden 01307, Germany. +(7)Institute of Human Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf 40225, +Germany. +(8)Department of Molecular Neurobiology and Center for the Molecular Physiology +of the Brain, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen 37075, +Germany. +(9)Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Medical Center, University, +Groningen 9700 RB, The Netherlands. +(10)Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Institute for Biophysics, +Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main 60438, Germany. +(11)Haemophilia Centre, Medical Clinic III, Institute of Immunohaematology and +Transfusion Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main 60590, Germany. +(12)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and +Hemostaseology, Goethe University, Frankfurt 60590, Germany. +(13)Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische +Universität, Dresden 01307, Germany. +(14)Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen 52074, +Germany. +(15)Department of Sleep Medicine and Neuromuscular Disorders, University Hospital +Münster, Münster 48149, Germany. +(16)Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt/Main +60590, Germany auburger@em.uni-frankfurt.de. + +Parkinson's disease (PD) is a frequent neurodegenerative process in old age. +Accumulation and aggregation of the lipid-binding SNARE complex component +α-synuclein (SNCA) underlies this vulnerability and defines stages of disease +progression. Determinants of SNCA levels and mechanisms of SNCA neurotoxicity +have been intensely investigated. In view of the physiological roles of SNCA in +blood to modulate vesicle release, we studied blood samples from a new large +pedigree with SNCA gene duplication (PARK4 mutation) to identify effects of SNCA +gain of function as potential disease biomarkers. Downregulation of complexin 1 +(CPLX1) mRNA was correlated with genotype, but the expression of other +Parkinson's disease genes was not. In global RNA-seq profiling of blood from +presymptomatic PARK4 indviduals, bioinformatics detected significant +upregulations for platelet activation, hemostasis, lipoproteins, endocytosis, +lysosome, cytokine, Toll-like receptor signaling and extracellular pathways. In +PARK4 platelets, stimulus-triggered degranulation was impaired. Strong SPP1, GZMH +and PLTP mRNA upregulations were validated in PARK4. When analysing individuals +with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, the most specific known +prodromal stage of general PD, only blood CPLX1 levels were altered. Validation +experiments confirmed an inverse mutual regulation of SNCA and CPLX1 mRNA levels. +In the 3'-UTR of the CPLX1 gene we identified a single nucleotide polymorphism +that is significantly associated with PD risk. In summary, our data define CPLX1 +as a PD risk factor and provide functional insights into the role and regulation +of blood SNCA levels. The new blood biomarkers of PARK4 in this Turkish family +might become useful for PD prediction. + +© 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1242/dmm.028035 +PMCID: PMC5451169 +PMID: 28108469 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: Competing interestsThe authors declare no +competing or financial interests. + + +217. Mod Pathol. 2017 Feb;30(2):160-168. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.223. Epub 2017 +Jan 13. + +#InSituPathologists: how the #USCAP2015 meeting went viral on Twitter and founded +the social media movement for the United States and Canadian Academy of +Pathology. + +Cohen D(1), Allen TC(2), Balci S(3), Cagle PT(1), Teruya-Feldstein J(4), Fine +SW(5), Gondim DD(6), Hunt JL(7), Jacob J(8), Jewett K(9), Jiang X'(10), Kaplan +KJ(11), Kulac I(12), Meunier R(13), Riddle ND(14), Rush PS(15), Stall J(16), +Stuart LN(17), Terrano D(18), Uthman E(19), Wasco MJ(20), Williamson SR(21), Wu +RI(22), Gardner JM(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, +Houston, TX, USA. +(2)Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, +TX, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology, Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, +New York, NY, USA. +(5)Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, +USA. +(6)Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, +IN, USA. +(7)Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little +Rock, AR, USA. +(8)Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA. +(9)Kimberly Jewett Consulting, Inc., Plainfield, IL, USA. +(10)Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. +(11)Publisher, tissuepathology.com, Charlotte, NC, USA. +(12)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. +(13)Adirondack Pathology, Glens Falls, NY, USA. +(14)Cunningham Pathology (An Aurora Dx Partner), Birmingham, AL, USA. +(15)Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Hospital & Clinics, Madison, +WI, USA. +(16)Hospital Pathology Associates, Minneapolis, MN, USA. +(17)Treasure Coast Pathology, Stuart, FL, USA. +(18)Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, +USA. +(19)OakBend Medical Center & PATHO-L, Richmond, TX, USA. +(20)IHA Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann +Arbor, MI, USA. +(21)Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA. +(22)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania +Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA. + +Professional medical conferences over the past five years have seen an enormous +increase in the use of Twitter in real-time, also known as "live-tweeting". At +the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology (USCAP) 2015 annual meeting, +24 attendees (the authors) volunteered to participate in a live-tweet group, the +#InSituPathologists. This group, along with other attendees, kept the world +updated via Twitter about the happenings at the annual meeting. There were 6,524 +#USCAP2015 tweets made by 662 individual Twitter users; these generated 5,869,323 +unique impressions (potential tweet-views) over a 13-day time span encompassing +the dates of the annual meeting. Herein we document the successful implementation +of the first official USCAP annual meeting live-tweet group, including the +pros/cons of live-tweeting and other experiences of the original +#InSituPathologists group members. No prior peer-reviewed publications to our +knowledge have described in depth the use of an organized group to "live-tweet" a +pathology meeting. We believe our group to be the first of its kind in the field +of pathology. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.223 +PMID: 28084341 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +218. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017 Feb;41(2):277-281. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000781. + +Steatohepatitis-like Changes in Focal Nodular Hyperplasia, A Finding to +Distinguish From Steatohepatitic Variant of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. + +Deniz K(1), Moreira RK, Yeh MM, Ferrell LD. + +Author information: +(1)*Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey †Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN ‡University +of Washington, Seattle, WA §Department of Pathology, University of California, +San Francisco, CA. + +Steatohepatitis-like change has not been described in focal nodular hyperplasia +(FNH). Steatohepatitis-like change in FNH may show overlapping features with +steatohepatitic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This problem can be +compounded if seen in FNH with widened cell plates or hepatocyte rosettes, other +features that can also be seen in HCC. This study examined steatotic FNHs for the +frequency of steatohepatitis-like change, especially in the setting of FNH with +rosettes and/or widened cell plates. Thirty-three resection specimens of +steatotic FNH from 3 institutions were evaluated for degree of steatosis, +background liver steatosis, ductular reaction, and lymphocytic infiltrate, as +well as presence of thick fibrous bands, thick-walled vessels, ballooned +hepatocytes, Mallory-Denk bodies, dilated sinusoids, hepatocyte rosettes, and +thick hepatic plates. Steatosis was distributed along fibrous septa as well as +diffusely throughout the FNH. Steatohepatitis-like changes were focally present +in 54% (18 cases). Thick plates>3 cells were focally found in 14 cases (42%); +rosettes were common (70%). All cases showed at least 2 of the histologic +features highly suggestive for the diagnosis of FNH such as thick bands of +fibrosis, thick-walled vessels and/or ductular reaction and the typical map-like +pattern of glutamine synthetase immunostaining. More than half of fatty FNH +examined for this study had features of at least focal steatohepatitis-like +changes. This finding should not be confused with steatohepatitic variant of HCC. +Common typical features of FNH including thick-walled vessels, ductular reaction +and thick fibrous bands are helpful for discrimination of FNH from HCC. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000781 +PMID: 28079599 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +219. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2017 Mar;38(1):59-68. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000292. + +Manner of Death Determination in Fire Fatalities: 5-Year Autopsy Data of Istanbul +City. + +Esen Melez İ(1), Arslan MN, Melez DO, Gürler AS, Büyük Y. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem +Vakif University, Istanbul; and †The Ministry of Justice Council of Forensic +Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Death resulting from burns is an important social problem and a frequent +accident. However, because approximately 10% of cases are estimated to result +from a fire that was deliberately started, all fire-related deaths should be +treated as suspicious, and the cause of a fire should be investigated. For the +bodies recovered from the scene of a fire, the manner of death could also be +suicide or homicide. The objective of this study was to contribute to the +clarification of controversial data present in the literature on the manner of +death determination of fire-related deaths, through evaluation of autopsy +findings of bodies recovered from fires. We reviewed 20,135 autopsies performed +in a 5-year period, in Istanbul, as the whole autopsy data of the city and found +133 fire-related deaths. The death scene investigation reports and other judicial +documents, autopsy findings, and toxicological analysis results were evaluated to +determine the parameters of age, sex, level of the burn, vital signs [red flare; +soot in the lower respiratory tract, esophagus, and/or stomach; and screening of +carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in the blood], toxicological substances, presence +of accelerants, cause of death, and manner of death. The manner of death was +determined to be an accident in 98 (73.7%) and homicide in 12 (9%) cases, whereas +there was no suicide. In addition, it could not be determined in 23 (17.2%) +cases. In accidental deaths, the most frequent cause of death was COHb poisoning +with statistically significant blood COHb levels greater than 10%. Further, the +presence of soot in the lower respiratory tract, esophagus, and/or stomach and +the existence of at least 1 or 2 vital signs together were found to be valid +deterministic criteria with statistical significance in terms of identifying the +manner of death. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000292 +PMID: 28045695 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +220. Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Feb;45(2):118-124. doi: 10.1002/dc.23653. Epub 2016 Dec +26. + +The importance of EZH2 and MOC-31 expression in the differential diagnosis of +benign and malignant effusions. + +Sadullahoglu C(1), Nart D(2), Veral A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of medicine, Bornova, İzmir, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: All malignant tumors may spread throughout the pleural, peritoneal, +and pericardial cavities. The presence of tumor cells in serosal fluid is a poor +prognostic indicator. It may be difficult to differentiate nuclear atypia of +mesothelial cells due to injury of serosal surfaces from mesothelioma or +malignant epithelial tumor cells. Epithelial and mesothelial immunohistochemical +markers can be used in such conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the +expression of two immunohistochemical markers (MOC-31 and EZH2) in serosal +effusions. +METHODS: The study included a total of 142 patients diagnosed with benign or +malignant cytology between January 2012 and April 2014. MOC-31 and EZH2 were +applied to the cell blocks of 53 patients with benign cytology and 89 patients +with malignant cytology determined based on the clinical, radiological data, +histopathology diagnosis, and clinical follow-up in the absence of any surgical +material of the patient in the hospital archive system. +RESULTS: None of the benign cases showed MOC-31 and EZH2 expression, although +these markers were positive in 96 and 93% respectively of the malignant cases. +CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it could be considered cost-effective to use a double +immunohistochemical antibody kit for these two markers, MOC-31 membranous and +EZH2 nuclear staining, in the diagnosis of malignant effusions. Diagn. +Cytopathol. 2017;45:118-124. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23653 +PMID: 28024110 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +221. Cytopathology. 2017 Aug;28(4):280-283. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12411. Epub 2016 Dec 23. + +Reliability of reporting the presence of transformation zone material in +Papanicolaou smears using an automated screening system. + +Erbarut Seven I(1), Mollamemisoglu H(1), Eren F(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability of using an +interactive automated screening system (IAS) to determine the presence of +endocervical and/or metaplastic cells (transformation zone material; TZM) in +liquid-based cytology (LBC) Papanicolaou (Pap) smear slides. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of LBC Pap smears was manually screened to +determine the presence or absence of TZM. The results were compared to those +obtained through IAS. +RESULTS: ThinPrep® Imaging System (Imager)-assisted screening indicated that +22.4% of the slides did not contain TZM in cases in which previous manual +screening revealed that 100% of the slides did contain TZM. +CONCLUSION: The reliability of determining TZM through IAS is limited. Manual +screening of the slides appears to be necessary to report the presence of TZM +accurately. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12411 +PMID: 28008671 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +222. J Cutan Pathol. 2017 Mar;44(3):312-314. doi: 10.1111/cup.12862. Epub 2016 Dec 23. + +Epidermotropic skin involvement of splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: a +diagnostic challenge. + +Baykal C(1), Erdem S(2), Kılıç S(1), Nalçacı M(2), Büyükbabani N(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Hematology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.12862 +PMID: 28008643 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +223. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2017 Mar;38(1):21-23. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000286. + +Postmortem Increase in Body Core Temperature: How Inaccurate We Can Be in Time +Since Death Calculations. + +Vojtíšek T(1), Kučerová Š, Krajsa J, Eren B, Vysočanová P, Hejna P. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Masaryk +University, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Brno; and †Faculty of Medicine in Hradec +Králové, Department of Forensic Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital +Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; ‡Council of Forensic Medicine of +Turkey, Bursa Morgue Department, Bursa, Turkey; and §Faculty of Medicine, +Department of Internal Cardiology Medicine, Masaryk University, University +Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. + +Postmortem increase in body core temperature is a well-known phenomenon in +forensic practice. Despite this, cases of reliably documented postmortem +hyperthermia are rarely reported in the forensic literature, and it is still not +clear how frequently postmortem hyperthermia occurs and in which cases we may it +predict. In routine forensic practice, the standard course of body cooling is +expected, and the prediction of normal body core temperature in the time of death +is used for back-calculating the time of death by Henssge method. The unexpected +rising in body core temperature may considerably misguide the estimation of time +since death in the early postmortem period. We present a rare case of nonviolent +death in the hospital with exactly recorded unusual elevation of body core +temperature after death, although the body temperature shortly before the death +was normal. In the presented case, the "standard" cooling of the body began up to +4 hours after death. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000286 +PMID: 28005584 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +224. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:5923243. Epub 2016 Nov 15. + +Comparative Lateralizing Ability of Multimodality MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. + +Ercan K(1), Gunbey HP(2), Bilir E(3), Zan E(4), Arslan H(1). + +Author information: +(1)Radiology Department, Ataturk Training Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Radiology Department, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey. +(3)Neurology Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Radiology Department, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA. + +Purpose. The objective is to compare lateralizing ability of three quantitative +MR (qMRI) modalities to depict changes of hippocampal architecture with clinical +entities in temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods. We evaluated 14 patients with +clinical and EEG proven diagnosis of unilateral TLE and 15 healthy volunteers. +T1-weighted 3D dataset for volumetry, single-voxel 1H MR spectroscopy (MRS), and +diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed for bilateral hippocampi of all +subjects. Results. Individual volumetric measurements provided accurate +lateralization in 85% of the patients, spectroscopy in 57%, and DTI in 57%. +Higher lateralization ratios were acquired combining volumetry-spectroscopy +(85%), spectroscopy-DTI (85%), and volumetry-DTI (100%). Significantly decreased +NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratios (p = 0.002) and increased FA (p = 0.001) values were obtained +in ipsilateral to epileptogenic hippocampus. Duration of epilepsy and FA values +showed a significant negative correlation (p = 0.016, r = -0.847). The history of +febrile convulsion associated with ipsilateral increased ADC values (p = 0.015, r += 0.851) and reduced NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratios (p = 0.047, r = -761). Conclusion. +Volumetry, MRS, and DTI studies provide complementary information of hippocampal +pathology. For lateralization of epileptogenic focus and preoperative +examination, volumetry-DTI combination may be indicative of diagnostic accuracy. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/5923243 +PMCID: PMC5126436 +PMID: 27974864 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: The authors declared no conflict of interests. + + +225. Cancer Cytopathol. 2017 Mar;125(3):169-177. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21806. Epub 2016 +Dec 7. + +Preoperative characteristics and cytological features of 136 histologically +confirmed pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms. + +Scourtas A(1), Dudley JC(2), Brugge WR(3), Kadayifci A(4), Mino-Kenudson M(1), +Pitman MB(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, +Massachusetts. +(2)Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, +California. +(3)Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General +Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. +(4)Division of Gastroenterology, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, +Gaziantep, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) of the pancreas present a management +conundrum. The majority are benign but all are resected due to their malignant +potential. Recent studies have recommended nonsurgical management. In the current +study, the authors analyzed the preoperative imaging, cytology, and cyst fluid +characteristics of 136 histologically confirmed MCNs to assess predictors of a +high-risk (HR) cyst for surgical triage. +METHODS: MCNs resected at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 1990 and +2014 formed the study cohort. Patient demographics, cyst size, and mural nodules +(MNs) by endoscopic ultrasound, cytology, and cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen +and amylase levels were correlated with histological grade. A HR cyst was defined +as high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma on histology. Performance +characteristics were assessed for each parameter, with a cyst size ≥3 cm or a MN +on imaging and malignant cytology considered to be "true-positive" results for +predicting malignancy. +RESULTS: Only 15 of the 136 cysts had HR histology (11%). On average, patients +with HR cysts were older than those with low-risk cysts (55 years vs 49 years, +respectively). High-grade cytology was the most accurate predictor of malignancy +(95%) followed by MN and cyst size together (88%) and MN alone (83%). The average +carcinoembryonic antigen level (in ng/mL) increased with the grade of dysplasia +but the ranges overlapped between low risk and HR cysts. +CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, the current study is the largest series +to date analyzing the cytological features of histologically confirmed MCN. +Cytology is insensitive but very specific for detecting a HR MCN and outperformed +imaging for the detection of HR MCN. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle +aspiration and cytology should be performed on any clinically suspected MCN that +is being considered for conservative management. Cancer Cytopathol +2017;125:169-177. © 2016 American Cancer Society. + +© 2016 American Cancer Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21806 +PMID: 27926784 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +226. Pathology. 2017 Jan;49(1):55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.09.065. Epub 2016 Nov +30. + +BRAF, NRAS, KIT, TERT, GNAQ/GNA11 mutation profile analysis of head and neck +mucosal melanomas: a study of 42 cases. + +Öztürk Sari Ş(1), Yilmaz İ(2), Taşkin OÇ(3), Narli G(2), Şen F(4), Çomoğlu Ş(5), +Firat P(3), Bİlgİç B(3), Yilmazbayhan D(3), Özlük Y(3), Büyükbabanİ N(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: suleozturksari@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Haydarpaşa Training Hospital, Gülhane Military +Medical Academy, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of +Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMuM), which occurs mostly in the sinonasal and +oral cavity, constitutes less than 1% of all malignant melanomas. Treatment +options fail to improve the prognosis of this aggressive tumour that has low +overall survival rates. Thus, development of new targeted therapies is essential. +Unfortunately, limited data exist regarding their molecular profile. BRAF, NRAS, +KIT, TERT and GNAQ/GNA11 oncogene mutations were investigated in 42 HNMuMs (28 +sinonasal, 13 oral, 1 nasopharyngeal). Mutation rates were as follows: BRAF +(4.8%), NRAS (4.8%), KIT (9.5%), TERT (7.5%), GNAQ/GNA11 (0%). Among 11 cases +that harboured mutations (26%), 10 (91%) were located in sinonasal and one (9%) +in the oral cavity. The literature was reviewed with comparison of frequencies +based on the gathered data. NRAS and TERT promoter mutation rates were +significantly higher in sinonasal than in oral location (p<0.05). Our results +indicated that BRAF, NRAS, KIT, TERT and GNAQ/GNA11 gene mutations occur at low +frequencies in HNMuMs, and subgroups (oral versus sinonasal) differ in their +molecular profile. Low rates of aforementioned mutations and activation of +oncogenes by pathways other than sun exposure support the distinctive nature of +HNMuMs with regard to their cutaneous counterparts. + +Copyright © 2016 Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia. Published by +Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.09.065 +PMID: 27914687 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +227. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Dec;25:60-63. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.09.012. Epub +2016 Sep 26. + +A comparison of cancer stem cell markers and nonclassical major +histocompatibility complex antigens in colorectal tumor and noncancerous tissues. + +Özgül Özdemir RB(1), Özdemir AT(2), Oltulu F(3), Kurt K(4), Yiğittürk G(3), +Kırmaz C(5). + +Author information: +(1)Manisa State Hospital, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 45000 +Manisa, Turkey. +(2)Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell, 35100 +Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: alpertungaozdemir@gmail.com. +(3)Ege University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, 35100 +Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Merkezefendi State Hospital, Medical Pathology Laboratory, 45000 Manisa, +Turkey. +(5)Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, +Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 45050 Manisa, Turkey. + +Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most fatal types of cancer in both women +and men, and, unfortunately, patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. +Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and +recurrence, as well as chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. Therefore, +different treatment alternatives are needed to facilitate the elimination of +CSCs. One such approach is immunotherapy; however, tumor cells can evade immune +cells by alteration of the expression patterns of human leukocyte antigens (HLA). +In this study, we immunohistochemically investigated the expression patterns of +CSC-specific markers CD44, CD133, Nanog, and Oct3/4, and immunosuppressive +molecules HLA-G and -E in advanced CRC tumor tissues and noncancerous colon +biopsies. We found significantly increased CD44, Nanog, Oct3/4, HLA-G, and HLA-E +expression in the CRC tumor tissues compared with the noncancerous colon +biopsies. These findings suggest that some tumor cells may be CSC-like and that +the increased expression of HLA-G and HLA-E may be considered as an +immune-evasive adaptation. Therefore, the nonclassical major histocompatibility +complex class Ib antigens HLA-G and HLA-E may be potential targets in the +elimination of CRC-CSCs. However, more detailed studies are required to support +our findings. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.09.012 +PMID: 27806848 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +228. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Dec;25:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.08.003. Epub +2016 Aug 17. + +Intralymphatic nevus cells in benign nevi. + +Leblebici C(1), Kelten C(2), Gurel MS(3), Hacıhasasanoglu E(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: cleblebici@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: ecanankelten@gmail.com. +(3)Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: msgurel@gmail.com. +(4)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: ezgihaci@yahoo.com. + +The histogenesis of nevus cell aggregates in lymph nodes lesion is controversial, +and various hypotheses have been used to explain their origin. One of them is the +transport of cells from cutaneous nevi or lesions to lymph nodes, called +mechanical transport theory. We investigated in our cases of benign nevi to +obtain evidence to substantiate this theory. A total of 369 benign cutaneous nevi +were prospectively evaluated in excisional biopsy samples. Immunohistochemical +stainings for CD31 and podoplanin (D2-40) were performed in the cases with +intralymphatic nevus cell aggregate (ILNA), suspected for ILNA, and/or +intralymphatic nevus cell protrusion. A total of 13 ILNAs were found in 10 +patients. Six ILNA were verified with their histology as well as +immunohistochemically with D2-40 and CD31. Protrusions of nevus cells inside the +lymphatics (intralymphatic nevus cell protrusion) were seen in all cases of ILNA +and also in 27 nevi where an ILNA was not observed. In most nevi, the +perilymphatic orientation of nevus cells and their affinity to the lymphatics +were observed. We suggested that ILNAs can be dislodged with local minor trauma +and be carried inside the lymphatic vessel to the draining lymph node. Besides, +whether ILNA or not, nevus cells could also move toward lymphatic spaces with +mechanical effects due to their affinity to lymphatics and their localizations +that are very close to the endothelium. Our findings might support the mechanical +transport theory. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.08.003 +PMID: 27806838 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +229. Histol Histopathol. 2017 Jan;32(1):11-20. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-785. Epub 2016 May +26. + +Involvement of autophagy in T cell biology. + +Oral O(1), Yedier O(2), Kilic S(2), Gozuacik D(2). + +Author information: +(1)Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul, +Turkey. ozlemoral@sabanciuniv.edu. +(2)Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Bioengineering Program, Faculty of +Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Autophagy is an essential cellular pathway that sequesters various cytoplasmic +components, including accumulated proteins, damaged organelles or invading +microorganisms and delivers them to lysosomes for degradation. The function of +autophagy has been reported in various tissues and systems, including its role in +the regulation of cellular immunity. Autophagy plays a fundamental role at +various stages of T cell maturation. It regulates the thymocyte selection and the +generation of T cell repertoire by presenting intracellular antigens to MHC class +molecules. Autophagy is crucial for metabolic regulation of T cells, and +therefore supports cell survival and homeostasis, particularly in activated +mature T cells. Furthermore, deletion of specific autophagy-related genes induces +several immunological alterations including differentiation of activated T cells +into regulatory, memory or natural killer T cells. In this review, we emphasize +the impact of autophagy on T cell development, activation and differentiation, +which is pivotal for the adaptive immune system. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-785 +PMID: 27225864 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +230. J Cutan Pathol. 2017 Feb;44(2):189-192. doi: 10.1111/cup.12852. Epub 2016 Dec 1. + +In situ carcinoma in a hybrid cyst: a case report. + +Başak K(1), Başak PY(2). + +Author information: +(1)Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital, Department of +Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital, Department of +Dermatology, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Follicular hybrid cysts including two or more components of the epithelial skin +adnexa are very rare. The epithelial lining of hybrid cysts varies, and either +contains epidermis, and trichilemmal squamous epithelium, or other epithelia of +the skin adnexa. Hybrid cysts may also be associated with neoplasia, such as in +situ carcinoma, Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma. A 37-year-old female +was complaining of a cyst on her scalp. The unilocular cystic lesion was lined +with markedly atypical squamous cells with trichilemmal differentiation. Marked +nuclear and cytological atypia, pleomorphism, numerous mitotic figures and +atypical mitosis was detected in the squamous epithelium. The epithelium of the +cyst was also composed of ductal structures lined with cuboidal epithelium. +Immunohistochemical staining was positive for cytokeratin 7 (CK7) in both +squamous and glandular epithelium. Luminal staining was shown by carcinoembryonic +antigen (CEA), although gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15) was +negative in the glandular epithelium. In addition, p16 tumor suppressor gene was +strongly positive in both the squamous and glandular epithelium. Overall, the +unique cystic lesion reported contained pilar squamous epithelium with in situ +carcinoma and eccrine ductal structures, which was interpreted as a hybrid cyst +composed of in situ trichilemmal carcinoma and a ductal eccrine component. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.12852 +PMID: 27792259 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +231. Pathol Int. 2016 Nov;66(11):645-647. doi: 10.1111/pin.12465. Epub 2016 Oct 3. + +Gastric heterotopic pancreas with low grade dysplasia of the ducts. + +Boyaci C(1), Pasaoglu E(2), Okcu O(3), Dursun N(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mus State Hospital, Mus, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/pin.12465 +PMID: 27699925 + + +232. Virchows Arch. 2016 Nov;469(5):489-503. Epub 2016 Aug 17. + +Testing for ROS1 in non-small cell lung cancer: a review with recommendations. + +Bubendorf L(1), Büttner R(2), Al-Dayel F(3), Dietel M(4), Elmberger G(5), Kerr +K(6), López-Ríos F(7), Marchetti A(8), Öz B(9), Pauwels P(10), Penault-Llorca +F(11), Rossi G(12), Ryška A(13), Thunnissen E(14). + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. +(2)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne and Network Genomic +Medicine, Cologne, Germany. +(3)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist +Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. +(4)Institute of Pathology, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany. +(5)Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, +Stockholm, Sweden. +(6)Department of Pathology, Aberdeen University Medical School, Aberdeen, UK. +(7)Laboratorio de Dianas Terapéuticas, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, +C/Oña, 10, 28050, Madrid, Spain. flopezrios@hmhospitales.com. +(8)Center of Predictive Molecular Medicine, University-Foundation, Chieti, Italy. +(9)Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(10)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium. +(11)Department of Pathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France. +(12)Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda USL Valle d'Aosta, Aosta, Italy. +(13)The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of +Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. +(14)Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The +Netherlands. + +Rearrangements of the ROS1 gene occur in 1-2 % of non-small cell lung cancers +(NSCLCs). Crizotinib, a highly effective inhibitor of ROS1 kinase activity, is +now FDA-approved for the treatment of patients with advanced ROS1-positive NSCLC. +Consequently, focus on ROS1 testing is growing. Most laboratories currently rely +on fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) assays using a dual-colour +break-apart probe to detect ROS1 rearrangements. Given the rarity of these +rearrangements in NSCLC, detection of elevated ROS1 protein levels by +immunohistochemistry may provide cost-effective screening prior to confirmatory +FISH testing. Non-in situ testing approaches also hold potential as stand-alone +methods or complementary tests, including multiplex real-time PCR assays and +next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms which include commercial test kits +covering a range of fusion genes. In order to ensure high-quality biomarker +testing, appropriate tissue handling, adequate control materials and +participation in external quality assessment programmes are essential, +irrespective of the testing technique employed. ROS1 testing is often only +considered after negative tests for EGFR mutation and ALK gene rearrangement, +based on the assumption that these oncogenic driver events tend to be exclusive. +However, as the use of ROS1 inhibitors becomes routine, accurate and timely +detection of ROS1 gene rearrangements will be critical for the optimal treatment +of patients with NSCLC. As NGS techniques are introduced into routine diagnostic +practice, ROS1 fusion gene testing will be provided as part of the initial +testing package. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-2000-3 +PMCID: PMC5082594 +PMID: 27535289 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: Compliance with ethical standards Conflicts of +interest AR and GR have participated in advisory boards on behalf of Pfizer. FLR +has received honoraria and research funding from Abbott, Pfizer and Roche. GR has +participated in advisory boards on behalf of Pfizer and Qiagen. KK and LB have +received honoraria from Pfizer. PP has received research grants and honoraria +from Pfizer. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interests to declare. + + +233. Mod Pathol. 2016 Nov;29(11):1358-1369. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.125. Epub 2016 +Jul 29. + +Intrapancreatic distal common bile duct carcinoma: Analysis, staging +considerations, and comparison with pancreatic ductal and ampullary +adenocarcinomas. + +Gonzalez RS(1), Bagci P(2), Basturk O(3), Reid MD(4), Balci S(4), Knight JH(5), +Kong SY(5), Memis B(4), Jang KT(6), Ohike N(7), Tajiri T(8), Bandyopadhyay S(9), +Krasinskas AM(4), Kim GE(10), Cheng JD(11), Adsay NV(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, +NY, USA. +(2)Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, +USA. +(4)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, +GA, USA. +(5)Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. +(6)Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University +School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. +(7)Department of Pathology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. +(8)Department of Pathology, Tokai University Hachiouji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. +(9)Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. +(10)Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San +Francisco, CA, USA. +(11)Department of Pathology, Piedmont Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA. + +Distal common bile duct carcinoma is a poorly characterized entity for reasons +such as variable terminology and difficulty in determining site of origin of +intrapancreatic lesions. We compared clinicopathologic features of +pancreatobiliary-type adenocarcinomas within the pancreas, but arising from the +distal common bile duct, with those of pancreatic and ampullary origin. Upon +careful review of 1017 pancreatoduodenectomy specimens with primary +adenocarcinoma, 52 (5%) qualified as intrapancreatic distal common bile duct +carcinoma. Five associated with an intraductal papillary neoplasm were excluded; +the remaining 47 were compared to 109 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 133 +ampullary carcinomas. Distal common bile duct carcinoma patients had a younger +median age (58 years) than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (65 years) +and ampullary carcinoma patients (68 years). Distal common bile duct carcinoma +was intermediate between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and ampullary carcinoma +with regard to tumor size and rates of node metastases and margin positivity. +Median survival was better than for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (P=0.0010) +but worse than for ampullary carcinoma (P=0.0006). Distal common bile duct +carcinoma often formed an even band around the common bile duct and commonly +showed intraglandular neutrophil-rich debris and a small tubular pattern. Poor +prognostic indicators included node metastasis (P=0.0010), lymphovascular +invasion (P=0.0299), and margin positivity (P=0.0069). Categorizing the tumors +based on size also had prognostic relevance (P=0.0096), unlike categorization +based on anatomic structures invaded. Primary distal common bile duct carcinoma +is seen in younger patients than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma or ampullary +carcinoma. Its prognosis is significantly better than pancreatic ductal +adenocarcinoma and worse than ampullary carcinoma, at least partly because of +differences in clinical presentation. Use of size-based criteria for staging +appears to improve its prognostic relevance. Invasive pancreatobiliary-type +distal common bile duct carcinomas are uncommon in the West and have substantial +clinicopathologic differences from carcinomas arising from the pancreas and +ampulla. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.125 +PMCID: PMC5598556 +PMID: 27469329 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +234. Hum Pathol. 2016 Nov;57:61-67. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.06.019. Epub 2016 Jul +7. + +Proliferative index facilitates distinction between benign biliary lesions and +intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. + +Tsokos CG(1), Krings G(1), Yilmaz F(2), Ferrell LD(1), Gill RM(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San +Francisco, CA 94143-0102. +(2)Department of Pathology, University of Ege Faculty of Medicine, Bornova, +35100, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San +Francisco, CA 94143-0102. Electronic address: ryan.gill@ucsf.edu. + +Differentiation between benign and malignant lesions of the hepatic biliary tree +may pose a diagnostic problem because well-differentiated intrahepatic +cholangiocarcinoma may mimic biliary hamartoma, bile duct adenoma, or parenchymal +extinction. We evaluated Ki-67 proliferative index and p53 status by +immunohistochemical staining to aid in exclusion of cholangiocarcinoma. Fourteen +biliary hamartomas, 21 bile duct adenomas, and 11 livers with parenchymal +extinction were compared with 26 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (16 +well-differentiated and 10 moderately or poorly differentiated tumors). We found +an increased proliferative index in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas compared +with benign biliary lesions (average 23.0% in cholangiocarcinoma versus 1.4% in +all benign biliary lesions, n = 26 versus n = 46, P < .001). No difference in +average proliferative index was observed between well-differentiated and +moderately/poorly differentiated cholangiocarcinomas (average 22.7% versus 23.3%, +n = 16 versus n = 10, P = .92). Average proliferation indices of benign biliary +lesions were uniformly low (biliary hamartoma, 1.2%; bile duct adenoma, 2%; +parenchymal extinction, 0.5%). Most cholangiocarcinomas (23/26; 88.5%), but none +of the benign lesions (0/46; 0%), had proliferative indices greater than 10%. +Strong nuclear p53 immunohistochemical staining was only seen in +cholangiocarcinomas (9/26; 34.6%) and not in benign biliary lesions (0/46; 0%), +although many of the benign lesions showed weak to moderate staining. +Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 facilitates distinction between benign and +malignant lesions of the intrahepatic biliary tree, whereas p53 +immunohistochemical staining is less helpful. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.06.019 +PMCID: PMC5250508 +PMID: 27396933 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: ☆ Competing Interest: The authors declare no +conflicts of interest. + + +235. Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Jul;23(3):487-491. doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0135-9. Epub +2016 Oct 19. + +The Role of CD90 in the Differential Diagnosis of Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma, +Pulmonary Carcinoma and Comparison with Calretının. + +Sahin N(1), Akatli AN(2), Celik MR(3), Ulutas H(3), Samdanci ET(2), Colak C(4). + +Author information: +(1)Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Inonu University, 44280, +Malatya, Turkey. sahin.nurhan@gmail.com. +(2)Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Inonu University, 44280, +Malatya, Turkey. +(3)Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Inonu University, +Malatya, Turkey. +(4)Medical Faculty, Department of Biostatistic, Inonu University, Malatya, +Turkey. + +Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma (MM) is a fatal disease that has been associated +with asbestos exposure. Differential diagnosis between the pleural infiltration +of pulmonary carcinomas and MM is rather difficult particularly for epitheloid +type mesothelioma.We aimed to investigate the utility of CD90, a cancer stem cell +marker, in the differential diagnosis of MM and lung carcinoma, its prognostic +significance and compare its value with that of Calretinin. Ninety pathology +specimens including MM (n:30), pulmonary adenocarcinoma (n:30) and pulmonary +squamous cell carcinoma (n:30) were used in this study. Immunohistochemical +comparision of CD 90 and Calretinin was made in all groups. Calretinin was +positive in 20 cases with MM (64.5 %), and was negative in 10 (32.3 %). CD 90 was +positive in 25 of these cases (80 %) and negative in 5 (16 %). On the other hand +pulmonary adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas showed positivity with +CD90, 63,6 % and 73 %, respectively. We think that CD 90 has no place in the +differential diagnosis between mesothelioma and pulmonary carcinoma because of +the low specificity in spite of the high sensitivity. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0135-9 +PMID: 27761727 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +236. J Cutan Pathol. 2016 Nov;43(11):984-988. doi: 10.1111/cup.12790. Epub 2016 Sep 8. + +Skin punch biopsy sectioning: before or after tissue processing? + +Sungu N(1), Yavuz S(2), Marali S(2), Balci S(3), Kilicarslan A(3), Altunkaya +C(4), Tatli Dogan H(2), Güler G(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. nuransungu@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: We intended to study whether there is a meaningful difference in +microscopic examination between dividing a biopsy section into two equal parts +before tissue processing (first method) or after (second method). +METHODS: A total of 400 cases were included in the study. Punch biopsies (PB) +were cut into two pieces using the first method in 200 cases and just before +paraffin embedding in another 200 cases using the second method. We +microscopically evaluated the epidermal mesh view, the presence of a cross-cut +hair follicle and bow shape because of epidermal angling, the presence of two +pieces on the slide and if there was a difference of >2 mm between the parts, and +the number of new sections and new slides. +RESULTS: Cross-cut hair follicle (p = 0.018), epidermal mesh view (p = 0.036), +difference of >2 mm between the parts (p = 0.008), the number of new sections (p +< 0.001) and new slides (p < 0.001) were considerably higher when the first +method was used compared with the second method. The presence of two pieces was +less (p < 0.001) when using the first method. +CONCLUSIONS: We noted a meaningful difference in the quality of microscopic +evaluation between the first and second methods. Better sections were obtained +with the second method. In addition, the decrease in the number of new slides +will reduce workload, archival work and cost. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.12790 +PMID: 27513982 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +237. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2016 Dec;37(4):255-263. + +Viral Pneumonias in Forensic Autopsies: Evaluation and Classification of +Histopathologic Changes With Microbiologic Correlation. + +Daş T(1), Sargan A, Yağmur G, Yildirim M, Topal CS, Gürler AS, Asliyüksek H, +Arslan MN, Özdemirel R. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Pathology Department, The Ministry of Justice, Forensic Council of +Turkey; †Department of Pathology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital; +‡Department of Postmortem Microbiology, The Ministry of Justice, Forensic Council +of Turkey; §Pathology Department, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital; +∥Morgue Department, The Ministry of Justice, Forensic Council of Turkey; and +¶Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Lower respiratory infections are commonly due to viruses and are the third +largest cause of death. Respiratory tract viruses have a tendency to target the +specific regions in the lung and can harm the host via direct effect of the virus +and the host's inflammatory response. In this study, relationships between +morphologic changes in the lung and the viral agent type isolated in the lung by +the polymerase chain reaction technique were investigated. This study was +performed retrospectively at 113 autopsy cases in the Council of Forensic +Medicine in Istanbul. Slides from the lung tissues diagnosed as interstitial +pneumonia and detected viral agent in polymerase chain reaction were evaluated +and reviewed under light microscope by 2 pathologists simultaneously according to +predetermined bronchiolar, alveolar, and interstitial findings. Alveolar findings +were detected in 108 cases (95.6%), whereas interstitial and bronchiolar findings +were detected in 91 (80.5%) and 38 (33.6%) cases, respectively. Intra-alveolar +edema was the most common alveolar finding. Some findings such as multinucleated +syncytial cells and smudge cells can aid the search for etiologic agent. +Interstitial inflammation was the most common histopathologic finding in the lung +in viral infections and the most prominent clue to viral infections in the lung +histopathologically without discrimination of viral agent type. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000261 +PMID: 27753645 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +238. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017 Jan;41(1):121-127. + +"Simple Mucinous Cyst" of the Pancreas: A Clinicopathologic Analysis of 39 +Examples of a Diagnostically Challenging Entity Distinct From Intraductal +Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms and Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms. + +Krasinskas AM(1), Oakley GJ, Bagci P, Jang KT, Kuan SF, Reid MD, Erbarut I, Adsay +V. + +Author information: +(1)*Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, +GA †Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, +PA ‡Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey §Department of +Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, +Seoul, South Korea. + +Pancreatic cysts >1 cm lined by nonpapillary mucinous epithelium without +ovarian-type stroma pose diagnostic challenges. The term "simple mucinous cyst" +was recently proposed for this entity. Our goal was to determine the +clinicopathologic characteristics of these cysts, as they have not been +previously described. Of the 39 patients with pancreatic resections included in +this study, the mean age was 65 years and the female-to-male ratio was 4:1. The +characteristics of the cysts are as follows: 82% had elevated cyst fluid +carcinoembryonic antigen levels, 67% were unilocular, 69% occurred in the +body/tail, 92% did not communicate with pancreatic ducts, the mean size was 2.4 +cm (range, 1.0 to 5.5 cm), the cyst contents tended to be serous (48%) or viscous +(28%), all had a smooth lining (only 1 had focal excrescences) composed of bland +columnar mucinous epithelium (low-grade dysplasia) in 92% with focal high-grade +dysplasia in 8%, and 65% had degenerative changes (granulation-like tissue, +hemorrhage, and myxoid stroma). The cyst lining was CK7+ and 97% had a MUC5AC+ +and/or MUC6+ gastric phenotype; overt intestinal features were absent. In total, +55% of cysts tested (fluid and/or resections) harbored KRAS mutations. The term +"simple mucinous cyst" is useful to apply to >1 cm mucinous cysts that do not +have characteristic features of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms or +mucinous cystic neoplasms. KRAS mutations can be detected in these typically +bland cysts, and in rare instances, focal high-grade dysplasia may be present. +Hence, these cysts should be viewed as neoplastic and treated similarly to other +mucinous pancreatic cysts. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000750 +PMID: 27740966 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +239. Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Apr;23(2):409-416. doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0128-8. Epub +2016 Oct 13. + +Prognostic Significance of CD24 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. + +Arik D(1), Can C(2), Dündar E(3), Kabukçuoğlu S(3), Paşaoğlu Ö(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, +Meselik Kampusu, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey. denarik@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, +Eskisehir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, +Meselik Kampusu, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey. + +The role of cancer stem cells in the initiation and progression of cancer has +become a well-studied area of emerging research, and stem cells with different +surface markers have been identified in various types of cancer. CD24 is a +membrane protein that acts as the ligand for P-selectin and has been defined as a +stem cell marker of colonic cancer. The immunohistochemical expression of CD24 is +associated with worse patient outcomes in small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular +carcinoma, breast cancer, and colon cancer. In this study, we used +immunohistochemistry to determine CD24 expression in clear cell, papillary and +chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and investigated its relationship with other +clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. A total of 108 cases of clear cell, +12 papillary and 13 choromophobe renal cell carcinoma were examined. +Clinicopathological features including age, gender, vascular invasion, tumor +necrosis, and T stage were recorded. Clinical stage and overall survival and +disease-free survival times were recorded. The immunohistochemical expression of +CD24 was classified as low or high based on the percentage and intensity of +positive staining. CD24 expression was associated with both tumor grade and +recurrence rates. The survival analysis revealed that patients with high CD24 +expression exhibited significantly lower overall and disease-free survival. +Increased expression of CD24 is related to the prognosis of clear cell renal cell +carcinoma. This is the first study identifying a strong association between CD24 +expression levels and survival. Thus, CD24 expression may aid in predicting +prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0128-8 +PMID: 27738793 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +240. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2016 Nov-Dec;40(6):351-357. Epub 2016 Oct 13. + +Ultrastructural changes in epithelial cells of rats exposed to low concentration +of hydrogen sulfide for 50 days. + +Yalçın Yeler D(1)(2), Aydın M(3)(2), Hocaoğlu PT(4), Koraltan M(4), Özdemir H(5), +Kotil T(6), Gül M(7). + +Author information: +(1)a Depatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry , +Cumhuriyet University , Sivas , Turkey. +(2)g Member of Halitorium-Halitosis , Research Group. +(3)c Private practice , Adana , Turkey. +(4)b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry , +Cumhuriyet University , Sivas , Turkey. +(5)f Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry , Osmangazi University , +Eskişehir , Turkey. +(6)e Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul +University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(7)d Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Inönü +University , Malatya , Turkey. + +Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and other volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) appear mainly +in the oral air of patients with halitosis. It seems that VSCs are directly +involved in the pathogenesis of gingival diseases. In previous studies, +short-term (7 hours-4 days), high concentrations (5-400 ppm) of H2S applications +on periodontal tissues have been evaluated in a culture medium. The aim of the +present study was to investigate the potential effects of lower (equivalent to +halitosis) concentrations of H2S on rat gingival tissue for longer-term +inhalation. The threshold level of pathologic halitosis perceived by humans at +250 ppb of H2S was converted to rat equivalent concentration (4.15 ppm). Rats in +the experimental (H2S) group (n=8) were exposed to H2S continuously but not the +control rats (n=8). After 50 days, the gingival sulcular tissue samples of each +rat were taken and examined using transmission electron microscope. +Ultrastructural changes in the sulcular epithelia of the rat gingiva showed +deformation of celullar shape, vacuolization, and disintegrity of intercelullar +connection by loss of desmosomes and collagen fibrils. No basal membrane damage +was observed. Inhalation of low levels of H2S (equivalent of halitosis) in the +oral environment causes ultrastructural celullar damages in rat sulcular mucosa. +These results suggest that halitosis may be the potential reason for periodontal +destruction in humans. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2016.1234530 +PMID: 27736270 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +241. Pathol Oncol Res. 2017 Apr;23(2):393-398. doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0125-y. Epub +2016 Oct 12. + +Comparision of New Diagnostic Tools for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. + +Ersen A(1), Pekmezci M(2), Folpe AL(3), Tihan T(2). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, +Turkey. ayca.ersen@deu.edu.tr. +(2)Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California +San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. +(3)Anatomic Pathology Division, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0125-y +PMID: 27734293 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +242. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Oct-Dec;59(4):532-534. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.191820. + +Metastatic malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder: A case report and review of +the literature. + +Topal CS(1), Kır G(1), Daş T(2), Sarbay B(3), Tosun Mİ(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, The Ministry of Justice Forensic Council of Turkey, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey. + +Metastatic bladder tumors constitute <5% of all bladder tumors and metastatic +malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder is very rare. We present a case report +of a metastatic malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder. A 70-year-old woman +without any apparent significant clinical history was admitted to the Department +of Urology for gross hematuria. Microscopic findings of the transurethral +resection specimen revealed fascicles, sheets, and diffuse areas composed of oval +and fusiform cells with focal pigmentation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed +that the tumor cells were positive for human melanoma black-45, Melan-A, and +S100, and negative for pancytokeratin. Subsequently, we contacted the patient and +learned that she was admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology for painless and +progressive visual field loss 15 years ago. She had been diagnosed with a primary +ocular (uveal) melanoma. A detailed patient history coupled with histological and +immunohistochemical findings were necessary to make the final diagnosis of +metastatic melanoma. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.191820 +PMID: 27721291 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +243. APMIS. 2016 Dec;124(12):1093-1098. doi: 10.1111/apm.12607. Epub 2016 Oct 6. + +Detection and comparison of neuraminidase activities in human and bovine group B +streptococci. + +Ekin IH(1), Gurturk K(1), Ilhan Z(1), Ekin S(2), Borum AE(3), Arabaci C(4), +Yesilova A(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of +Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey. +(2)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yuzuncu Yil, +Van, Turkey. +(3)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of +Balikesir, Balikesir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Microbiology, Okmeydani Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Biometry and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of +Yuzuncu Yil, Van, Turkey. + +Human and bovine group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates were serotyped and amounts +of released N-acetylneuraminic acid from N-acetylneuraminyl-lactose by +extracellular neuraminidase were colorimetrically assessed. According to +serotyping by co-agglutination method, 30 of bovine GBS and 43 of human GBS could +be serotyped (ST) by monospecific antisera coated with protein A. The remaining +GBS strains were designated as nontypeable (NT). The released N-acetylneuraminic +acid was determined in 90.9% of bovine GBS and 47.1% of human GBS isolates. The +differences between the total bovine and human GBS isolates were statistically +significant (p < 0.001). In comparison with detected N-acetylneuraminic acid +level in bovine and human groups, significant decrease was observed in the bovine +NT group according to increased human NT (p < 0.01) and bovine ST groups (p < +0.01). However, N-acetylneuraminic acid level in bovine ST and bovine total +groups significantly (p < 0.001) increased with respect to the human ST group and +human total group. Neuraminidase activity was detected more frequently in bovine +GBS isolates. Considerable differentiations were observed between typeable and +nontypeable isolates. + +© 2016 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12607 +PMID: 27714850 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +244. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:7475080. Epub 2016 Sep 1. + +TaqI, FokI, and ApaI Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D Receptor in Behçet's Disease +in Turkish Population. + +Erten G(1), Kalkan M(2), Bilgiç Gazioğlu S(1), Akdeniz N(1), Ozkok E(3), Vural +B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, +Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, +Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, +Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Objectives. In our study we aimed to determine VDR gene polymorphisms in patients +with Behçet's disease (BD) and neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) in Turkish +population. Methods. PBL obtained from 37 patients with BD, 21 patients with NB, +and 30 healthy controls were investigated. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole +blood using the QIAamp Blood Kit. VDR ApaI (rs7975232), VDR FokI (rs2228570), and +VDR TaqI (rs731236) genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain +reaction with SimpleProbe melting-curve analysis. Results. The allelic and +genotype distributions of FokI and TaqI polymorphisms were not different among +Behçet's disease, neuro-Behçet's disease, and control subjects in Turkish +population (p > 0.05). Only the frequency of ApaI A allele in control is higher +than that in BD (60% versus 38.5%), and the p value is 0.014, but the power is +not enough to conclude that ApaI A allele is protective in BD in our study. Taken +together, we found no significant differences between the BD, NBD, and control +groups regarding the distribution of ApaI, TaqI, and FokI genotype and alleles +frequencies. Conclusions. Future studies with larger patients' numbers may show +differences between VDR polymorphisms and Behçet's disease. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/7475080 +PMCID: PMC5023821 +PMID: 27688524 + + +245. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Nov;212(11):1010-1014. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.08.009. +Epub 2016 Sep 2. + +Leptin and leptin receptors in salivary glands of primary Sjögren's syndrome. + +Erbasan F(1), Alikanoğlu AS(2), Yazısız V(3), Karasu U(1), Balkarlı A(1), Sezer +C(2), Terzioğlu ME(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Rheumatology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Division Of Rheumatology, Antalya, Turkey. +Electronic address: drvyazisiz@yahoo.com.tr. +(4)Department of Internal Medicine, Division Of Rheumatology, Antalya, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The role of leptin in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) pathogenesis is +unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of leptin and +leptin receptor (LEPR) in minor salivary glands in patients with SS. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of leptin and LEPR in minor salivary gland +specimens obtained from patients with primary SS (n=50) and control subjects +(n=50) were examined using immunohistochemical staining. +RESULTS: Acinar cells, epithelial cells and adipocytes in salivary glands can +express leptin and LEPR. It was observed that there was intense staining in the +focal lymphocytic infiltration areas in SS patients. The intensity of leptin and +LEPR staining under microscopy (400×) were graded semiquantitatively as negative, +mild, moderate or strongly positive, and scored as 1, 2 or 3, respectively. The +expression levels of leptin and LEPR in patients with primary SS were not higher +than in controls. There was no significant difference in degrees of leptin and +LEPR staining, staining intensity, and immunoreactive scores between groups. The +expression of leptin and LEPR were not correlated with autoantibodies such as RF, +ANA, anti-Ro, and/or anti-La positivity. +CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that leptin and its receptors do not play an +important role in primary SS pathophysiology. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.08.009 +PMID: 27688083 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +246. APMIS. 2016 Nov;124(11):979-984. doi: 10.1111/apm.12593. Epub 2016 Sep 27. + +The prevalence of autoantibody and its relationship with genotypes of hepatitis C +virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. + +Kirdar S(1), Sener AG(2), Cengİz M(3), Aydin N(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin. +sevikirdar@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Medical Microbiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk +Training and Research Hospital, İzmir. +(3)Department of Biostatistics, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin. + +The prevalence of autoantibody in the patients with chronic hepatitis C +infection, and the relationship between the autoantibodies and HCV genotypes were +investigated in this study. One hundred and eight anti-HCV positive and 86 +anti-HCV negative patients were included in the study. Anti-HCV were studied by +enzyme immunassay (EIA). HCV RNA was determined by real time polymerase chain +reaction (PCR) and HCV genotypes were determined by a reverse-line blot +hybridization. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-smooth muscle antibodies +(ASMA), Anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA), liver kidney microsomal antibodies +(LKM) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Among patients, 13 +(12.03%) of 108 were positive for at least one autoantibody. The positivity was +not observed in control group. The most prevalent autoantibody in anti-HCV +positive group was ANA. ANA was positive in six HCV patients with genotype 1. In +HCV patients with genotype 1, the frequencies of ANA, ASMA, AMA and LKM1 were +six, two, three and one, respectively. In HCV patients with genotype 2, ANA was +positive one patient and ASMA, AMA and LKM1 were not detected in HCV patients +with genotype 2. In conclusion, the autoantibodies in patients with chronic +hepatitis C in the study were low as compared to those reported in previous +studies. + +© 2016 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12593 +PMID: 27670736 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +247. Hum Pathol. 2017 Feb;60:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.09.008. Epub 2016 Sep +22. + +Poorly cohesive cell (diffuse-infiltrative/signet ring cell) carcinomas of the +gallbladder: clinicopathological analysis of 24 cases identified in 628 +gallbladder carcinomas. + +Tuncel D(1), Roa JC(2), Araya JC(3), Bellolio E(3), Villaseca M(3), Tapia O(2), +Jang KT(4), Quigley B(5), Saka B(6), Basturk O(7), Sarmiento J(8), Losada HF(9), +Patel S(5), Reid MD(5), Memis B(5), Adsay V(10). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, 34371, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Pontificia Catholic University, 8330024, Santiago, +Chile. +(3)Department of Pathology, University de La Frontera, 4810296, Temuco, Chile. +(4)Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University +School of Medicine, 135-710, Seoul, Republic of Korea. +(5)Department of Pathology, Emory University, 30322, Atlanta, GA. +(6)Department of Pathology, Medipol University, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, 48201, Detroit, MI. +(8)Department of General Surgery, Emory University, 30322, Atlanta, GA. +(9)Department of General Surgery, University de La Frontera, 4810296, Temuco, +Chile. +(10)Department of Pathology, Emory University, 30322, Atlanta, GA. Electronic +address: volkan.adsay@emory.edu. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.09.008 +PMID: 27666767 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +248. Cytopathology. 2017 Aug;28(4):259-267. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12384. Epub 2016 Sep 25. + +Bethesda classification is a valuable guide for fine needle aspiration reports +and highly predictive especially for diagnosing aggressive variants of papillary +thyroid carcinoma. + +Evranos B(1), Polat SB(1), Baser H(1), Ozdemir D(1), Kilicarslan A(2), Yalcin +A(3), Ersoy R(1), Cakir B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Surgery, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: A fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most valuable +diagnostic procedure for pre-operative discrimination of benign and malignant +nodules. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology provides +standardised reporting and cytomorphological criteria in aspiration smears. The +aim of the present study was to determine malignancy rates in nodules with +different cytology results and evaluate the diagnostic value of Bethesda for +variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 2534 cases with 5784 thyroid +nodules, who underwent FNAB followed by surgery, were included in this study. +FNAB was performed with ultrasonography guidance. Cytological diagnoses were +classified as: non-diagnostic (ND), benign, atypia of undetermined +significance/follicular lesions of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), +follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN), suspicious for +malignancy (SUS) and malignant. Histopathological diagnoses were classified into +four groups: benign, PTC, follicular thyroid cancer and other types of thyroid +cancer (including medullary thyroid cancer, undifferentiated thyroid cancer and +thyroid tumours of uncertain malignant potential). Cases with PTC were further +divided into four categories: conventional variant, follicular variant, +aggressive variants (tall cell, diffuse sclerosing and columnar variant) and +other variants (oncocytic, solid/trabecular and warthin-like variants). FNAB +results were compared with histopathological results. +RESULTS: Malignancy rates were 6.3%, 3.2%, 20.7%, 33.3%, 74.2% and 95.6% in the +nodules with ND, benign, AUS/FLUS, FN/SFN, SUS and malignant cytology results, +respectively. Pre-operative cytology was malignant or SUS in 56.6% of +conventional, 24.3% of follicular, 92% of aggressive and 41.7% of other variants +of histopathologically confirmed PTC. The difference between the groups was +significant (P < 0.001). +CONCLUSION: The Bethesda classification is a reliable indicator of malignancy in +nodules with different cytology results and seems to be very effective in +predicting the malignancy for the nodules diagnosed with aggressive variant PTC +on the final histological examination. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12384 +PMID: 27666595 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +249. Cytopathology. 2017 Feb;28(1):80-82. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12374. Epub 2016 Sep 25. + +Morphology quiz: a 12-year-old child with a tumour in the neck. + +Bayrak B(1), Paksoy N(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, izmit, +Kocaeli, Turkey. +(2)Sitopatoloji Lab. Hurriyet Cad., Safak Apt 125/17, 41300, izmit, Kocaeli, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12374 +PMID: 27666467 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +250. Histol Histopathol. 2017 Apr;32(4):339-349. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-832. Epub 2016 +Sep 26. + +The proliferation mechanism of normal and pathological human placentas. + +Unek G(1), Ozmen A(1), Isenlik BS(2), Korgun ET(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, +Antalya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antalya Training and Research +Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, +Antalya, Turkey. korgun@akdeniz.edu.tr. + +The placenta, which is a regulator organ for many metabolic activities between +mother and fetus, is critical in influencing the outcome of pregnancy. Therefore, +fetal growth is directly related to the placental development. Placental +development depends on the coordinated action of trophoblast proliferation, +differentiation and invasion. Studies on cell cycle related proteins that control +these events are limited. Abnormal placental development is linked to various +pregnancy pathologies such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, +diabetes mellitus and gestational trophoblastic diseases. The cell cycle +mechanism of human placenta should be well understood for a healthy pregnancy +outcome. Moreover, how cell cycle related proteins that control placental +development are affected in pregnancy pathologies is not fully understood yet. +Therefore, the aim of this review is to address the currently available knowledge +on cell cycle regulatory proteins involved in human placental development and on +the expression differences of these proteins in pathological placentas. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-832 +PMID: 27665761 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +251. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:5423043. doi: 10.1155/2016/5423043. Epub 2016 Aug 24. + +The Role of Fecal Calprotectin in Evaluating Intestinal Involvement of Behçet's +Disease. + +Özşeker B(1), Şahin C(2), Özşeker HS(3), Efe SC(4), Kav T(5), Bayraktar Y(5). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of +Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey. +(2)Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman +University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Education and Research Hospital, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman +University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey. +(4)Gastroenterology Unit, Batman State Hospital, 72070 Batman, Turkey. +(5)Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of +Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey. + +One of the regions of involvement of Behçet's disease (BD), a systematic +inflammatory vasculitis with unknown etiology, is the gastrointestinal (GI) +tract. Upper GI endoscopy, colonoscopy, and capsule endoscopy are frequently used +methods to diagnose the intestinal involvement of BD. The aim of this study was +to investigate the role of fecal calprotectin (FC) in the evaluation of +intestinal involvement in BD. Material and Method. A total of 30 patients who +were diagnosed with BD and had no GI symptoms and 25 individuals in the control +group were included in this study. Results. Levels of FC were statistically +significantly higher in patients with BD compared to the control group (p < +0.001). The correlation analysis performed including FC and markers of disease +activity revealed a positive and statistically significant correlation between FC +level and CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r: 0.255, p < 0.049, and r: +0.404, p < 0.001, resp.). FC levels in patients who were detected to have ulcers +in the terminal ileum and colon in the colonoscopic examination were +statistically significantly higher compared to the patients with BD without +intestinal involvement (p = 0.01). Conclusion. The measurement of FC levels, in +patients with BD who are asymptomatic for GI involvement, may be helpful to +detect the possible underlying intestinal involvement. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/5423043 +PMCID: PMC5013222 +PMID: 27642216 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +252. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Nov;212(11):1021-1026. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.08.013. +Epub 2016 Sep 3. + +Retrospective analysis of oncogenic human papilloma virus and Epstein-Barr virus +prevalence in Turkish nasopharyngeal cancer patients. + +Tatlı Doğan H(1), Kılıçarslan A(2), Doğan M(3), Süngü N(4), Güler Tezel G(5), +Güler G(6). + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, +Üniversiteler Mahallesi Bilkent Caddesi No: 1, 06800, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: hayriyetatli@gmail.com. +(2)Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Üniversiteler Mahallesi Bilkent Caddesi No: 1, 06800, +Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: dr.kilicaydan@gmail.com. +(3)Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Education and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Mahallesi 13. Cadde No: 56, 06200, +Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: drmehmetdogan@gmail.com. +(4)Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Üniversiteler Mahallesi Bilkent Caddesi No: 1, 06800, +Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: nuransungu@gmail.com. +(5)Hacettepe University, Department of Pathology, 06100, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: gayejp@yahoo.com. +(6)Hacettepe University, Department of Pathology, 06100, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: gulnurguler@yahoo.com. + +Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). +Human papilloma virus (HPV) has also been detected in NPC cases. In this +retrospective study, we analyze the frequency of EBV and HPV infection in 82 +Turkish patients with NPC. A total of 82 were evaluated for EBV and HPV. In situ +hybridization (ISH) was performed for EBV. HPV-ISH and P16 immunohistochemistry +used to determine the HPV status. Seventy-two of the 82 (87%) NPC patients were +EBV-positive. The highest rate of EBV-positivity was found in undifferentiated +NPC patients, which accounted for 65 of 68 (95.6%) undifferentiated cases. One of +the 82 NPC patients whose tumor was non-keratinizing differentiated, contained +HPV. Our data shows that EBV is closely associated with NPC in Turkey. We found +lower rates of HPV-positivity in NPC patients than in North American populations. +In addition, both EBV and HPV-negativity were more associated with decreased +survival than EBV-positive cases. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.08.013 +PMID: 27640103 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +253. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Dec;212(12):1174-1178. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.08.012. +Epub 2016 Sep 3. + +Classification chaos in coeliac disease: Does it really matter? + +Özakıncı H(1), Kırmızı A(1), Savaş B(1), Kalkan Ç(2), Soykan İ(2), Çetinkaya +H(2), Kuloğlu Z(3), Kansu A(3), Gürkan ÖE(4), Dalgıç B(4), Şentürk Z(5), Ensari +A(6). + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, 06100, Sıhhıye, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Departments of Gastroenterology, Ankara University Medical School, 06100, +Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Departments of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Ankara University Medical School, +06100, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Departments of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Gazi University Medical School, +06560, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Departments of Biostatistics, Ankara University Medical School, 06100, +Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Departments of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, 06100, Sıhhıye, +Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ensariarzu@gmail.com. + +The spectrum of mucosal pathology in coeliac disease (CD), initially defined by +Marsh in 1992 has been subjected to several modifications in the following years +by Oberhuber, then by Corazza and Villanaci, and finally by Ensari. The present +study, aimed to end the ongoing confusion regarding the classification of mucosal +pathology in CD by applying all the classifications proposed so far on a large +series of cases. A total of 270 duodenal biopsies taken from the distal duodenum +of patients with a diagnosis of CD were included in the study. All biopsies were +classified according to Marsh, Oberhuber, Corazza Villanaci, and Ensari +classification schemes. For statistical analyses cases were divided into three +groups: Group 1 included type 1 lesions in Marsh, Ensari, and Oberhuber and grade +A in Corazza Villanaci classifications. Group 2 comprised of type 2 lesions in +Marsh and Ensari classifications together with type2, type 3a and 3b lesions in +Oberhuber classification and grade B1 lesions in Corazza Villanaci +classification. Group 3 included type 3 lesions in Marsh and Ensari +classifications, and type 3c lesions in Oberhuber, and grade B2 lesions in +Corazza Villanaci classifications. The kappa value was 1.00 (excellent) for group +1, 0.53 (fair) for group 2 and 0.78 (excellent) for group 3 (p<0.0001). These +results suggest that any of the above classification system would serve similar +purposes in the diagnosis of CD. Therefore, it is advisable that the pathologist +should use the simplest reliable scheme. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.08.012 +PMID: 27637158 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +254. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Nov;44(11):902-911. doi: 10.1002/dc.23611. Epub 2016 Sep +15. + +Using Computerized Cytomorphometry to Distinguish between Benign and Malignant +Cases in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology. + +Celik ZE(1), Altinay S(2), Kilinc F(3), Arslan N(4), Yilmaz BS(4), Karabagli +P(2), Ugurluoglu C(5). + +Author information: +(1)Assistant professor, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk +University, 42000, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey. dresincelik@hotmail.com. +(2)Associate professor, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk +University, 42000, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey. +(3)Resident, Pathology Department, Konya Numune Hospital, 42000, Selcuklu, Konya, +Turkey. +(4)Resident, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, 42000, +Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey. +(5)Assistant professor, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk +University, 42000, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Only a small number of studies on computerized cytomorphometry have +been performed for thyroid FNAC. The present study aimed to determine the +usefulness of computerized cytomorphometry methods to further classify thyroid +lesions as benign or malignant and to compare the practicability and value of +using Papanicolaou (Pap) and Giemsa stains in thyroid FNAC by evaluating their +association to various cytologic nuclear parameters. +METHODS: Fifty-eight thyroid lesions diagnosed by FNAC and categorized according +to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology were evaluated in +terms of various cytologic nuclear parameters, including nuclear area (NA), +nuclear perimeter (NP), nuclear density (ND), long nuclear diameter (LND), and +short nuclear diameter (SND). The Pap- and Giemsa-stained slides were examined +separately. +RESULTS: In the malignant cases, NA, NP, LND, and SND were higher than in the +benign cases for both the Pap and Giemsa stains. NA, NP, LND, and SND were higher +in Giemsa than Pap for both the benign and malignant groups. Statistically +significant differences were detected between the benign and malignant cases in +the AUS category. +CONCLUSIONS: Computerized cytomorphometry is useful in distinguishing between +benign and malignant lesions in thyroid FNAC. The measurement of cytologic +nuclear parameters in cases suggestive of AUS may be useful for the probable +classification of cases as benign or malignant. Although further studies are +needed, in nuclear morphometric assessment of thyroid FNAC, Giemsa staining may +be more useful and valuable than the Pap stain because of its association with +various cytologic nuclear parameters. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:902-911. © 2016 +Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23611 +PMID: 27629534 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +255. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Feb;36(1):8-15. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1223237. +Epub 2016 Sep 14. + +Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Maternal Obesity on Cord Blood +Dynamic Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis. + +Ozler S(1), Oztas E(1), Erel O(2), Guler BG(3), Ergin M(4), Uygur D(1), Danisman +N(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital , +Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Yildirim Beyazit +University , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Liv Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Aralık State Hospital , Gaziantep , Turkey. + +AIM: Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of maternal obesity and +gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on cord blood dynamic thiol/disulfide +homeostasis. +METHODS: A prospective case-control study was carried out in 125 pregnant women +(27 GDM, 30 obese, 68 controls). Cord blood samples were collected from all +participants and native thiol-disulfide exchanges were examined with automated +method enabling the measurement of both sides of thiol-disulfide balance. +RESULTS: Disulfide amounts, disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol +ratios were increased (p < 0.001), while native thiol/total thiol was decreased +in the cord blood of babies born to an obese or diabetic mother (p < 0.001). +Moreover, increased disulfide amounts, disulfide/native thiol, +disulfide/totalthiol ratios and decreased native/total thiol were found to be +significantly associated with adverse outcomes in GDM. +CONCLUSION: The current study suggests that the offsprings born to obese or +diabetic mothers are exposed to increased oxidative stress. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1223237 +PMID: 27629439 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +256. Exp Mol Pathol. 2016 Oct;101(2):207-213. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.08.004. Epub +2016 Aug 29. + +Ameliorative effect of propolis on the cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in +male albino rats. + +Çilenk KT(1), Öztürk İ(2), Sönmez MF(3). + +Author information: +(1)Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Kayseri, Turkey. +(2)Erciyes University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, +Kayseri, Turkey. +(3)Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: drmfatihsonmez@hotmail.com. + +Propolis is a potent antioxidant and a free radical scavenger. The present study +aimed to investigate protective effects of propolis extract on cadmium-induced +testicular damage, apoptosis, HIF-1α expression and toxicity in rat's testis +tissue. A total of 32 male rats were equally divided into four study groups +namely, control, Cd (1mg/kg/day), Cd+propolis (50mg/kg/day) and propolis. The +rats were decapitated under ketamine anesthesia and their testes tissues were +removed. Serum testosterone, tissue malondialdehyde and HIF-1α levels, HIF-1α +expression, apoptosis and histopathological damage scores were then compared. In +the Cd group, the diameters of seminiferous tubules, tubular biopsy score of +Johnsen and serum testosterone levels were decreased compared control group, but +tissue HIF-1α and tissue MDA levels was higher than control group. The +immunoreactivity of HIF-1α and the number of apoptotic cells were increased in Cd +group. Furthermore, the propolis treated group showed an improved histological +appearance in the Cd group. Thus, the results suggest that propolis acts as a +potent protective agent against Cd-induced testicular toxicity in rats. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.08.004 +PMID: 27587086 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +257. Mod Pathol. 2016 Dec;29(12):1575-1585. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.124. Epub 2016 +Sep 2. + +Ampullary carcinoma is often of mixed or hybrid histologic type: an analysis of +reproducibility and clinical relevance of classification as pancreatobiliary +versus intestinal in 232 cases. + +Reid MD(1), Balci S(1), Ohike N(2), Xue Y(1), Kim GE(3), Tajiri T(4), Memis B(1), +Coban I(5), Dolgun A(6), Krasinskas AM(1), Basturk O(7), Kooby DA(8), Sarmiento +JM(8), Maithel SK(8), El-Rayes BF(9), Adsay V(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, +USA. +(2)Department of Pathology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan. +(3)Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San +Francisco, CA, USA. +(4)Department of Pathology, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. +(5)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Bilim University, Florence Nightingale +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. +(8)Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. +(9)Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory +University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. + +Histologic classification of ampullary carcinomas as intestinal versus +pancreatobiliary is rapidly becoming a part of management algorithms, with +immunohistochemical classification schemes also being devised using this +classification scheme as their basis. However, data on the reproducibility and +prognostic relevance of this classification system are limited. In this study, +five observers independently evaluated 232 resected ampullary carcinomas with +invasive component >3 mm. Overall interobserver agreement was 'fair' (κ 0.39; +P<0.001) with complete agreement in 23%. Using agreement by 3/5 observers as +'consensus' 40% of cases were classified as 'mixed' pancreatobiliary and +intestinal. When observers were asked to provide a final diagnosis based on the +predominant pattern in cases initially classified as mixed, there was 'moderate' +agreement (κ 0.44; P<0.0001) with 5/5 agreeing in 35%. Cases classified as +pancreatobiliary by consensus (including those with pure-pancreatobiliary or +mixed-predominantly pancreatobiliary features) had shorter overall (median 41 +months) and 5-year survival (38%) than those classified as +pure-intestinal/mixed-predominantly intestinal (80 months and 57%, respectively; +P=0.026); however, on multivariate analysis this was not independent of +established prognostic parameters. Interestingly, when compared with 476 cases of +pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, the pancreatobiliary-type ampullary carcinomas +had better survival (16 versus 41 months, P<0.001), even when matched by size and +node status. In conclusion, presumably because of the various cell types +comprising the region, ampullary carcinomas frequently show mixed phenotypes and +intratumoral heterogeneity, which should be considered when devising management +protocols. Caution is especially warranted when applying this histologic +classification to biopsies and tissue microarrays. While ampullary carcinomas +with more pancreatobiliary morphology have a worse prognosis than intestinal ones +this does not appear to be an independent prognostic factor. However, +pancreatobiliary-type ampullary carcinomas have a much better prognosis than +their pancreatic counterparts. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.124 +PMID: 27586202 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +258. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Feb;36(1):1-7. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1217960. +Epub 2016 Aug 25. + +The Relationship Between Skinfold Thickness and Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and +Resistin Levels in Infants of Diabetic Mothers. + +Kara M(1), Orbak Z(1), Döneray H(1), Ozkan B(1), Akcay F(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pediatric Endocrinology , Ataturk University Medical Faculty , +Erzurum , Turkey. + +This study aimed to investigate the relationship between skinfold thickness and +serum leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin levels in infants of diabetic +mothers. Biochemical parameters were also similar for the two groups (infants of +diabetic mothers and controls) (p > 0.05). We confirmed that there was a negative +correlation between birth weight and serum ghrelin level (p < 0.05) in the two +groups. When it was evaluated for control newborns, a positive correlation +between abdominal circumference and serum resistin level was found in the +controls (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that gestational diabetes by +appropriate diet or insulin treatment may be effective in the protection of +fetuses of diabetic mothers from the negative effects of gestational diabetes. +Ghrelin alone was negatively correlated with birth weight. This negative +correlation could be potentially advantageous to infants, because a reduction in +appetite might prevent excessive food intake and postnatal weight gain. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1217960 +PMID: 27559858 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +259. Pol J Pathol. 2016 Jun;67(2):108-13. + +Comparison of SKIP expression in malignant pleural mesotheliomas with Ki-67 +proliferation index and prognostic parameters. + +Türkcü G(1), AlabalIk U, Keles AN, Ibiloglu I, Küçüköner M, Sen HS, Büyükbayram +H. + +Author information: +(1)Gül Türkcü, Dicle Üniversitesi TIp Fakültesi, Sur/DiyarbakIr, Turkey, tel. 90 +412 2488001, fax 90 412 2488523, e-mail: gaturkcu@gmail.com. + +We aimed to determine the presence of SKI-interacting protein (SKIP) expression +in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and its effect on prognosis by +investigating SKIP correlation with the Ki-67 proliferation index and prognostic +parameters. Pathological preparations of the patients diagnosed with MPM between +2006 and 2012 were evaluated. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to +evaluate the expression of SKIP and the Ki-67 proliferation index. Correlations +between SKIP expression, clinicopathological factors and survival were +investigated. Survival data were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and +Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic value of the +variables. In total, 52 patients were evaluated in the study; 36 of them were +male and 16 were female. The mean age of the patients was 62.3 ±12.2 years. The +median overall survival period was 8.5 months. Factors negatively affecting +general survival in the univariate analysis included high SKIP expression, Ki-67 +proliferative index over 30%, presence of non-epithelioid type MPM and stage +III-IV disease (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that high SKIP +expression, high Ki-67 proliferative index and presence of non-epithelioid type +MPM are independent factors that affect the survival rate. Higher SKIP expression +is associated with poor prognosis in MPM. + + +PMID: 27543864 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +260. Folia Neuropathol. 2016;54(2):167-79. + +Effects of diclofenac sodium on the hippocampus of rats with acute subdural +hematoma: histological, stereological, and molecular approach. + +Türkmen AP, Kaplan S, Aksoy A, Altunkaynak B(1), Yurt K, Elibol E, Çokluk C, +Onger M. + +Author information: +(1)Assoc. Prof. Dr. Berrin Zuhal Altunkaynak, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55100 Samsun, Turkey, +phone: +90 5067723379, e-mail: berrinzuhal@gmail.com. + +This study was aimed at evaluating the potential effects of acute subdural +hematoma (ASDH) and diclofenac sodium (DS) therapy following ASDH on the rat +hippocampus. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into four +groups. 0.1 ml of non-heparinized autologous blood from the tail vein of the +animals in the non-treatment group (NTG) and treatment group (TG) was injected +into the subdural space. The TG received intramuscular diclofenac sodium at a 15 +mg/kg dose daily from the postoperative second hour to the seventh day after the +operation. The control group (CG) and sham group (SG) were used for control and +sham operations, respectively. On the postoperative eighth day, all animals were +sacrificed, and the hippocampi of all animals were stereologically and +histologically evaluated. Also blood samples of the animals were biochemically +analyzed. As a result of the study, the mean number of neurons in CA1, CA2, and +CA3 regions of the hippocampus and the total number of neurons were decreased in +the hippocampus samples of the NTG and especially the TG subjects. When comparing +the second blood samples, there was no difference between the levels of +adrenaline and serotonin among the groups. However, after the operation, +noradrenalin levels in the treatment group were found to be higher than those of +the sham and control groups (p < 0.05). In the NTG and TG, histopathological +findings were observed such as Nissl condensation as well as completely dead and +indistinguishable neurons with abnormally shaped, shrunken cytoplasm and nuclei. +Also necrotic areas on the specimens of the TG were seen. In immunohistochemical +sections, c-FOS positivity was decreased in the NTG and especially the TG. +Otherwise, PGC-1 positive cells were increased in the NTG and especially the TG. +In this study, it was shown for the first time by means of stereological +techniques that using DS after ASDH caused a decrease in the number of +hippocampal neurons (CA1, CA2, and CA3 regions). + + +PMID: 27543774 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +261. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:7157039. doi: 10.1155/2016/7157039. Epub 2016 Jul 27. + +Expressions of Endocan in Patients with Meningiomas and Gliomas. + +Atukeren P(1), Kunbaz A(1), Turk O(2), Kemerdere R(3), Ulu MO(3), Turkmen Inanir +N(4), Tanriverdi T(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Neurosurgery, Samatya Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurosurgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Fatih, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Forensic Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey. + +Objective. Endocan has been shown to be a marker for several cancers and may show +degree of malignancy. The aim of this study is to assess tissue levels of endocan +in common brain tumors, namely, meningiomas, low-grade gliomas (LGGs), and +high-grade gliomas (HGGs). Patients and Methods. Endocan was assayed by +commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits in a total +of 50 brain tumors (20 meningiomas, 19 LGGs, and 20 HGGs) and 15 controls. The +results were compared to control brain tissues. Results. Each tumor group showed +significant higher levels of endocan compared to controls (p < 0.05). In +addition, endocan levels showed steady increase from the least (meningiomas) to +the most (HGGs) malignant tumors and positive correlation was noted between the +degree of malignancy and endocan level (p = 0.0001). Conclusion. Endocan, a vital +molecule for angiogenesis, is expressed in common brain tumors and results +suggest that endocan could be a marker for malignancy. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/7157039 +PMCID: PMC4978841 +PMID: 27528791 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +262. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Dec;44(12):969-974. doi: 10.1002/dc.23556. Epub 2016 Aug +16. + +Risk of HSIL (CIN 2-3) on colposcopic biopsy is minimal in postmenopausal women +with LSIL on cytology and a negative HRHPV test. + +Ozturk M(1), Umudum H(2), Alanbay I(3), Ulubay M(3), Fidan U(3), Dede M(3), Yenen +MC(3). + +Author information: +(1)Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Etimesgut Military Hospital, Etimesgut, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Chair of Pathology, Dr. Rıdvan Ege Hospital and Ufuk University +School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and +Medical School, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Current cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend a 1-year +follow-up period for patients with a postmenopausal low-grade squamous +intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) who are test negative for high-risk human +papillomavirus (HrHPV). The aim of this study was to assess whether such patients +had an increased immediate risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. +METHODS: We assessed 54 HrHPV-negative women with postmenopausal LSIL in the +Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of our hospital between 2012 and 2013. +All patients underwent liquid-based cytology and reflex HrHPV testing (for human +papillomavirus [HPV] types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, +and 68). Colposcopic examination and guided biopsy were performed by the same +gynecologist (MO). +RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 53.1 ± 3.2 years. There were 33 +patients (61%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 and 21 who +were non-dysplastic. None of the patients was positive for CIN 2 or any other +lesions. +CONCLUSIONS: If the HPV test is negative, repeat cytology after 12 months is +recommended by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology for +cases of HrHPV-negative postmenopausal LSIL. We recommend reflex HPV testing as +the best choice for patients who test positive for postmenopausal LSIL by Pap +smear, in line with the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:969-974. © 2016 +Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23556 +PMID: 27527826 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +263. Virchows Arch. 2016 Oct;469(4):427-34. doi: 10.1007/s00428-016-2001-2. Epub 2016 +Aug 12. + +High prevalence of TERT promoter mutations in micropapillary urothelial +carcinoma. + +Nguyen D(1), Taheri D(1)(2), Springer S(3)(4), Cowan M(1), Guner G(1), Mendoza +Rodriguez MA(1), Wang Y(4), Kinde I(4), VandenBussche CJ(1), Olson MT(1), Ricardo +BF(1), Cunha I(5), Fujita K(6), Ertoy D(7), Kinzler KW(3)(4), Bivalacqua TJ(8), +Papadopoulos N(3)(4), Vogelstein B(3)(4), Netto GJ(9)(10)(11). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +(2)Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan +Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. +(3)Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +(4)The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics and Sidney Kimmel +Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. +(5)AC Camargo Cancer Centre, Sao Paulo, Brazil. +(6)Department of Urology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. +(7)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(8)Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +(9)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +gnetto1@jhmi.edu. +(10)Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. +gnetto1@jhmi.edu. +(11)Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 401 North Broadway +Street, Weinberg 2242, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. gnetto1@jhmi.edu. + +Somatic activating mutations in the promoter of the telomerase reverse +transcriptase (TERT) gene are the most common genetic alterations in urothelial +carcinoma (UC) of the bladder and upper urinary tract. Little is known, however, +about TERT-mutation status in the relatively uncommon but clinically aggressive +micropapillary (MPC) variant. We evaluated the presence of TERT promoter +mutations in MPC of the bladder and upper urinary tract. A retrospective search +of our archives for MPC and UC with micropapillary features (2005-2014) was +performed. All slides were reviewed to confirm the histologic diagnosis. +Thirty-three specimens from 31 patients had FFPE blocks available for DNA +analysis and were included in the study. Intratumoral areas of non-micropapillary +histology were also evaluated when present. Samples were analyzed with Safe-SeqS, +a sequencing error reduction technology, and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq +platform. TERT promoter mutations were detected in all specimens with pure MPC +(18 of 18) and UC with focal micropapillary features (15 of 15). Similar to +conventional UC, the predominant mutations identified occurred at positions -124 +(C228T) (85 %) and -146 (C250T) (12 %) bp upstream of the TERT ATG start site. In +heterogeneous tumors with focal variant histology, intratumoral concordant +mutations were found in variant (MPC and non-MPC) and corresponding conventional +UC. We found TERT promoter mutations, commonly found in conventional UC, to be +frequently present in MPC. Our finding of concordant intratumoral mutational +alterations in cases with focal variant histology lends support to the common +oncogenesis origin of UC and its variant histology. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-2001-2 +PMCID: PMC5561427 +PMID: 27520411 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +264. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jul-Sep;59(3):389-91. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.188134. + +Vulvar granular cell tumor. + +Sonmez FC(1), Koroglu N(2), Guler B(1), Arici DS(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif +University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare and approximately half of the all lesions +arise from head and neck, especially from the tongue. However, they are rarely +seen in the vulva. They can occur in patients of any age, but peak age incidence +is in the fourth to sixth decades. They generally occur as small, slow growing, +and skin-colored nodule. GCTs are usually benign, but malignant cases were +reported. Recurrence can be seen in benign tumors with clear margins, but rates +increase with positive margins. The treatment is complete surgical excision. We +report a case of benign GCT of the vulva. A 41-year-old patient presented with +vulvar mass, and biopsy was consisted with GCT. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.188134 +PMID: 27510686 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +265. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jul-Sep;59(3):335-8. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.188148. + +A novel PTCH1 gene mutation in a pediatric patient associated multiple +keratocystic odontogenic tumors of the jaws and Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. + +Ozcan G(1), Balta B(2), Sekerci AE(1), Etoz OA(3), Martinuzzi C(4), Kara O(5), +Pastorino L(4), Kocoglu F(1), Ulker O(1), Erdogan M(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes +University, Kayseri, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Genetics, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, +Kayseri, Turkey. +(3)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes +University, Kayseri, Turkey. +(4)Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, +IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy. +(5)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, +Turkey. + +Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant inherited disorder +which comprises the triad of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), odontogenic +keratocysts, and musculoskeletal malformations. Besides this triad, neurological, +ophthalmic, endocrine, and genital manifestations are known to be variable. It is +occasionally associated with aggressive BCC and internal malignancies. This +report documents a case of GGS with a novel mutation in the PTCH1 gene in an +11-year-old child. The clinical, radiographic, histopathologic and molecular +findings of this condition, and treatment are described, and a review of GGS was +carried out. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.188148 +PMID: 27510672 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +266. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jul-Sep;59(3):314-7. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.188103. + +Comparative analysis of phenotypic and genotypic detection of methicillin +resistance among Staphylococcus aureus. + +Demir T(1), Coplu N(2), Esen B(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ahi Evran University Research and +Training Hospital, Kirsehir; Department of Communicable Diseases Control +Programs, Public Health Institution, National Microbiology Reference +Laboratories, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Dıskapı Research and +Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Research and Training Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. + +AIMS: Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen causing a wide range of +infections ranging from mild skin and soft tissue infections to severe, +life-threatening infections. Accuracy in the detection of methicillin resistance +is important to avoid treatment failures. The aim of this study was to compare +the results of phenotypic and genotypic test methods to detect methicillin +resistance and also to determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and forty-two S. aureus strains isolated from +skin and soft tissue samples were analyzed for methicillin resistance using +oxacillin and cefoxitin disk diffusion (DD), oxacillin screen agar test, +cefoxitin E-test, and mecA gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR). +RESULTS: 77 of 242 S. aureus isolates were mecA positive. Oxacillin, cefoxitin +DD, oxacillin screen agar test and cefoxitin E-test exhibited sensitivities as +98.7%, 98.7%, 100%, 100%, and specificities as 96.9%, 97.5%, 96.9%, 97.5%, +respectively. +CONCLUSION: Results of oxacillin screen agar and cefoxitin DD test were in +concordance with mecA gene PCR. Thus, it is determined that especially cefoxitin +test can be an alternative to PCR in routine. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.188103 +PMID: 27510667 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +267. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jul-Sep;59(3):301-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.181891. + +The evaluation of the caveolin-1 and AT-rich interactive domain 1 alpha +expressions in uterine smooth muscle tumors. + +Ayaz D(1), Diniz G(1), Kahraman DS(1), Sayhan S(1), Uncel M(1), Karadeniz T(1), +Sanci M(2). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Gynecologic Oncology Clinics, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the importance of +tissue expressions of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and AT-rich interactive domain 1 alpha +(ARID-1A) which are known as signal regulator and tumor suppressor in +differential diagnosis of uterine smooth muscle tumors (SMTs). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients recently diagnosed as uterine SMTs at the +Tepecik Training and Research Hospital were identified using pathology databases. +Immunohistochemical stains for Cav-1 and ARID-1A were performed. +RESULTS: In this series, there were 10 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs), 10 uterine smooth +muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potentials (STUMPs), and 10 leiomyomas +(LMs). Cav-1 expression located cytoplasmic or perivascular area. Cytoplasmic +Cav-1 expression was determined in 5 LMSs and 2 STUMPs while perivascular Cav-1 +expression was determined in 9 LMSs and 2 STUMPs. Statistically, it was +determined that if the tumor becomes malignant and more invasive, it gains the +perivascular Cav-1 expression (P = 0.029). On the other hand, the mean nuclear +staining rate for ARID-1A in LMSs (63 ± 23.4%) was higher than both STUMPs (60 ± +18.5%) and LMs (34.5 ± 16.5%). Statistically, it was determined that the +expression of ARID-1A was significantly downregulated in LMs when compared with +STUMPs and LMSs (P = 0.004). +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings were demonstrated that perivascular Cav-1 expression +was seen to be a marker for malignancy of uterine SMTs. Similarly, we found to +link of ARID-1A expression and the aggressiveness of SMTs. Therefore, it may be +suggested that Cav-1 and ARID-1A may act as predictive biomarkers in uterine +SMTs. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.181891 +PMID: 27510664 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +268. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jul-Sep;59(3):274-8. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.188132. + +Evaluation of laboratory diagnosis for cutaneous tuberculosis. + +Afsar I(1), Afsar FS(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Microbiology, Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, +Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Dermatology, Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is still difficult to diagnose +due to its varied clinical presentation and limitations of diagnostic methods. +The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of diagnostic laboratory tests +available for CTB. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six skin biopsy specimens belonging to clinically +suspected cases of CTB were studied retrospectively. The specimens were divided +into two portions, one part processed for histopathological evaluation and the +other was used for microscopy and inoculation for the isolation of mycobacteria. +Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was applied to 14 of 26 specimens to +detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) DNA. +RESULTS: Of the 26 biopsy specimens, 11 were confirmed as CTB by identification +of MTBC in culture and/or histopathologic affirmation. Of these, four were lupus +vulgaris, four were TB verrucosa cutis, one was scrofuloderma, one was primary +inoculation TB, and one was periorifical CTB. Culture for mycobacteria was +positive for five (45.45%) specimens, while histopathologic affirmation was +obtained in ten (90.90%) specimens. Acid-fast Bacilli were not demonstrated in +any of the specimens on microscopic examination. The PCR was found to be applied +to six of the 11 specimens diagnosed as CTB and was positive in two specimens +(33.3%), which were positive for growth in culture and histopathological +correlation. +CONCLUSION: The recovery rate of MTBC from biopsy specimens was found to be +satisfactory for CTB with histopathological correlation, but the combination of +culture with a rapid method, PCR, may improve the diagnostic rate. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.188132 +PMID: 27510659 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +269. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016 Sep;40(9):1203-16. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000689. + +Undifferentiated Carcinoma With Osteoclastic Giant Cells of the Pancreas: +Clinicopathologic Analysis of 38 Cases Highlights a More Protracted Clinical +Course Than Currently Appreciated. + +Muraki T(1), Reid MD, Basturk O, Jang KT, Bedolla G, Bagci P, Mittal P, Memis B, +Katabi N, Bandyopadhyay S, Sarmiento JM, Krasinskas A, Klimstra DS, Adsay V. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of *Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ∥Radiology #Surgery, Emory +University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA †Department of Pathology, Memorial +Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY ¶Department of Pathology, Detroit +Medical Center, Detroit, MI ‡Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, +Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea +§Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Undifferentiated carcinomas with osteoclastic giant cells of the pancreas (OGC) +are rare tumors. The current impression in the literature is that they are highly +aggressive tumors similar in prognosis to ductal adenocarcinomas. In this study, +the clinicopathologic characteristics of 38 resected OGCs were investigated and +contrasted with 725 resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas without +osteoclastic cells (PDCs). The frequency among systematically reviewed pancreatic +cancers was 1.4%. OGCs showed a slight female predominance (62.9%, vs. 51.4% in +PDCs). The mean age was 57.9 years (vs. 65.0). The mean size of invasive cancer +was 5.3 cm (vs. 3.2). They were characterized by nodular, pushing-border growth, +and 8 arose in tumoral intraepithelial neoplasms (4 in mucinous cystic neoplasms, +4 in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms type lesions), and 23 (61%) also +showed prominent intraductal/intracystic growth. Twenty-nine (76%) had an +invasive ductal/tubular adenocarcinoma component. Osteoid was seen in 12. Despite +their larger size, perineural invasion and nodal metastasis were uncommon (31.6% +and 22.6%, vs. 85.5% and 64.0%, respectively). Immunohistochemistry performed on +24 cases revealed that osteoclastic cells expressed the histiocytic marker CD68, +and background spindle cells and pleomorphic/giant carcinoma cells often showed +p53 and often lacked cytokeratin. Survival of OGCs was significantly better than +that of PDCs (5 yr, 59.1% vs. 15.7%, respectively, P=0.0009). In conclusion, +pancreatic OGCs present with larger tumor size and in slightly younger patients +than PDC, 21% arise in mucinous cystic neoplasms/intraductal papillary mucinous +neoplasms, and 61% show intraductal/intracystic polypoid growth. OGCs have a +significantly better prognosis than is currently believed in the literature. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000689 +PMCID: PMC4987218 +PMID: 27508975 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +270. APMIS. 2016 Oct;124(10):905-10. doi: 10.1111/apm.12580. Epub 2016 Aug 8. + +Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma - a rare case report and literature review. + +Karabulut YY(1), Kara T(2), Berkeşoğlu M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. +yykarabulut@yahoo.com.tr. +(2)Pathology Department, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. +(3)General Surgery Department, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, +Turkey. + +Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma (IPM) is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm +originating from smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts. The inguinal region is +the most common site of this rare tumor. As there are only about 89 such cases +reported in the literature, the precise etiology and pathogenesis have yet to be +explained adequately. It is characterized by spindle cells, amianthoid fibers, +and by the proliferation of hemosiderin-containing histiocytes in the lymph node. +A nodular lesion was excised from the inguinal region of a 47-year-old female +patient with the clinical diagnosis of lymphoma and/or metastase. Macroscopic +examination of a section of the lesion demonstrated a solid appearance. +Microscopic examination revealed spindle-cell proliferation, amianthoid fibers, +hemosiderin pigment, and extravasated erythrocytes. Nuclei of the spindle cells +displayed a palisaded appearance. Compressed lymphoid tissue was observed around +the lesion. Neoplastic cells were identified by the presence of vimentin, SMA, +Cyclin D1, and beta-catenin. The Ki67 index was less than 1%. Histological +examination confirmed the diagnosis of IPM. Although IPM is benign, it is +frequently confused with metastatic lesions and lymphomas. + +© 2016 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12580 +PMID: 27500890 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +271. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(6):376-384. Epub 2016 Aug 2. + +The Value of Mitotic Count and Ki67 Proliferation Index in Congenital Mesoblastic +Nephroma. + +Apaydin E(1), Ozluk Y(1), Yuksel S(2), Erginel B(2), Tugcu D(3), Celik A(2), +Kilicaslan I(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pathology , Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University +, Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Pediatric Surgery , Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology , Kanuni Sultan Suleyman +Education and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: We aimed to define the histopathologic features and proliferative rate +of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) as a risk factor for recurrence. +METHODS: Fourteen cases of CMN among 138 registered pediatric renal tumors were +retrospectively reviewed. The prognostic impact for mitotic rate and Ki67 index +was investigated. +RESULTS: There were four (28.6%) classic, six (42.9%) cellular, and four (28.6%) +mixed type CMNs, with average Ki-67 counts of 16.75% in the classic CMN, and +53.2% in the tumors with cellular components (both mixed and cellular CMNs). +Twelve patients (85.7%) were aged less than six months. Tumors with cellular +component showed significantly larger tumor diameter and higher Ki-67 index (p = +0.015 and p = 0.016, respectively). The patient with cellular CMN, whose tumor +showed the highest mitotic rate (4.9/HPF), but not the highest Ki67 index +(57.4%), died of recurrent disease with distant metastasis. +CONCLUSION: Proliferative markers-mitotic count and Ki67 index-have limited value +to predict recurrence or metastasis in CMNs with a cellular component. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1207731 +PMID: 27484189 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +272. Am J Clin Pathol. 2016 Aug;146(2):227-37. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw104. + +Artificial Neural Network Approach in Laboratory Test Reporting:  Learning +Algorithms. + +Demirci F(1), Akan P(2), Kume T(3), Sisman AR(3), Erbayraktar Z(3), Sevinc S(4). + +Author information: +(1)From the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Dr Suat Seren Chest Disease and +Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; Department of +Neurosciences, The Institute of Health Sciences drferhat5505@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Neurosciences, The Institute of Health Sciences Department of +Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine. +(3)Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine. +(4)Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylül +University, Izmir, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: In the field of laboratory medicine, minimizing errors and +establishing standardization is only possible by predefined processes. The aim of +this study was to build an experimental decision algorithm model open to +improvement that would efficiently and rapidly evaluate the results of +biochemical tests with critical values by evaluating multiple factors +concurrently. +METHODS: The experimental model was built by Weka software (Weka, Waikato, New +Zealand) based on the artificial neural network method. Data were received from +Dokuz Eylül University Central Laboratory. "Training sets" were developed for our +experimental model to teach the evaluation criteria. After training the system, +"test sets" developed for different conditions were used to statistically assess +the validity of the model. +RESULTS: After developing the decision algorithm with three iterations of +training, no result was verified that was refused by the laboratory specialist. +The sensitivity of the model was 91% and specificity was 100%. The estimated κ +score was 0.950. +CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study based on an artificial neural network to +build an experimental assessment and decision algorithm model. By integrating our +trained algorithm model into a laboratory information system, it may be possible +to reduce employees' workload without compromising patient safety. + +© American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2016. All rights reserved. For +permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. + +DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw104 +PMID: 27473741 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +273. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Dec;44(12):1064-1069. doi: 10.1002/dc.23538. Epub 2016 Jul +26. + +Fine-needle aspiration cytology of a mammary myofibroblastoma: A case report on +the role of immunohistochemistry and cell block preparations and a review of the +literature. + +Fügen A(1), Elif S(1), Gülistan G(1), Meryem D(1), Günay G(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Surgery, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Myofibroblastoma (MFB) is a benign tumor of the mammary stroma with predominant +myofibroblastic differention. The cytologic reports of MFB are very few in the +available literature. From the cytodiagnostic point of view about 21 cases of MFB +with cytological evaluation by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) have been +encountered in the English-language literature: A 35-year-old woman presented +with lump in the left breast. FNAC showed mild degree of pleomorphism with +occasional groups with fibrous stroma and tumoral cells. A few benign epithelial +cell groups were seen. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of cell block +preparation from the aspirate showed fascicles of spindle cells forming whorl +structures. Three months later, excision biopsy was performed. The diagnosis was +a classic variant of MFB. On immunohistochemical examination, sections were found +to be highly positive for vimentin, CD34, and bcl- 2. In light of these findings, +cell block material was retrospectively reviewed both morphologically and +immunhistochemically. The findings of resection and cell block material were +found to be very similar. MFB may cause a potential diagnostic pitfall while +interpreting FNAC due to its wide differential diagnosis spectrum. We concluded +that cytology and cell block findings complement each other. Diagn. Cytopathol. +2016;44:1064-1069. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23538 +PMID: 27458002 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +274. Int J Surg Pathol. 2017 Feb;25(1):26-30. doi: 10.1177/1066896916660763. Epub 2016 +Jul 28. + +Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia in Core Needle Biopsies of Breast +Specimens. + +Kelten Talu C(1), Boyaci C(1), Leblebici C(1), Hacihasanoglu E(1), Bozkurt ER(1). + +Author information: +(1)1 Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Pathology Department, Fatih, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign lesion of +myofibroblasts that is composed of a network of slit-like channels that resemble +vascular spaces. The aims of this study were to document the frequency of PASH in +core needle biopsy specimens (CNBS) of the breast, to describe which +histopathologic findings coexist with PASH and to examine any endothelial cell +differentiation. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reevaluated hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of +all CNBS that were obtained during a 1-year period. First, we performed CD34 and +CD31 immunostainings to highlight the areas of PASH, then performed +D2-40/podoplanin (lymphatic endothelial marker) and Fli-1 (vascular endothelial +cell marker) immunostains. +RESULTS: The total number of CNBS was 412. Areas of PASH were noted in 37 of the +412 cases (9%), with a mean age of 38.5 years. The lesions that were described in +association with PASH were "benign breast parenchyma with stromal fibrosis" +(17/37; 46%), "fibroepithelial tumors" (17/37; 46%), "columnar cell changes +(CCC)" (2/37; 5%), and "invasive carcinoma" (1/37; 3%). There were 2 cases of CCC +within the foci of PASH (direct contact with PASH), and 8 additional cases of CCC +that coexisted in the same specimen but were not in direct contact. There was no +staining for D2-40 or Fli-1 within PASH foci. +CONCLUSION: PASH lesions occurred with a frequency of 9% in CNBS and were mostly +in association with benign breast lesions in premenopausal women. CCC was +determined as an accompanying epithelial lesion within or near PASH areas. No +obvious immunopositivity compatible with endothelial cell differentiation was +revealed. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896916660763 +PMID: 27450985 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +275. Acta Cytol. 2016;60(3):198-204. doi: 10.1159/000447990. Epub 2016 Jul 15. + +New Concept of the Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma +and Its Impact on the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: A +Single-Institute Experience. + +Canberk S(1), Gunes P, Onenerk M, Erkan M, Kilinc E, Kocak Gursan N, Kilicoglu +GZ. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology-Cytopathology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and +Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The encapsulated follicular variant (EFV) of papillary thyroid +carcinoma (PTC) is the most discussed entity in thyroid pathology. Recently, the +question of whether or not EFV-PTC is a malignant entity has been the subject of +renewed discussion in the light of recent molecular and clinical studies. The aim +of this study was to analyze the malignancy ratios of each category of the +Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) if EFV-PTC is no +longer considered as a malignant entity. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on thyroid fine-needle aspirations (n = 1,886) with +surgical follow-up between 1999 and 2014 were studied. EFV-PTC cases constituted +27% (94/343) of the malignant cases. +RESULTS: Malignancy ratios were determined as nondiagnostic, benign, +atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance, suspicious for follicular +neoplasm/follicular neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy, and malignant categories +of the TBSRTC in 13, 7, 45, 30, 72 and 98%, respectively. If EFV-PTC was not +regarded as malignant, malignancy ratios would decrease to 6.5, 6, 30, 10, 48, +and 87% for each category in the same order. +CONCLUSIONS: The current study showed that the most significant decrease in +relative malignancy ratios was seen in the suspicious for follicular +neoplasm/follicular neoplasm category (66% relative decrease), but all categories +represented a considerable decrease. + +© 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000447990 +PMID: 27414983 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +276. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2016 Sep;37(3):211-3. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000254. + +Incidentally Detected Lithopedion in an 87-Year-Old Lady: An Autopsy Case Report. + +Gürler AS(1), Daş T, Gitmiş G, Apaydin N, Kara E, Özdemirel RÖ, Çelik S, Özdeş E, +Sezer Y. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Council of Forensic Medicine, Morgue Department, Istanbul; and +†Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 19 Mayis University School of Medicine, +Samsun, Turkey. + +A lithopedion is a rare complication of pregnancy that occurs when a fetus in an +intraabdominal location dies, and it is too large to be reabsorbed by the body. +The case was an 87-year-old woman, and she was transferred to the morgue +department in April 2014 to determine the cause of death. During autopsy, an +intraabdominally located calcified dead fetus and a 12-cm diameter calcified cyst +in the right ovary were incidentally detected. It was aged 25 to 29 weeks +(according to femur and humerus measurements) with a size of 12.5 × 8 × 5 cm and +a weight of 227 g. According to investigation reports, her husband died in 1990, +and she had 3 deliveries, the most recent of which was in 1946. Because the +menopause age of the case was not exactly known, the retention time of the +lithopedion was supposed to be 24 to 68 years according to the date of the most +recent pregnancy and the date of her spouse's death. It is the first case that +has been incidentally detected and identified during an autopsy in Turkey and +also one of the oldest cases in the literature. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000254 +PMID: 27389692 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +277. Cytopathology. 2017 Feb;28(1):35-45. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12357. Epub 2016 Jul 8. + +EGFR mutation testing using archival-stained smears in non-small cell lung +carcinoma. + +Ozluk Y(1), Firat P(1), Yegen G(1), Hocaoglu J(1), Tas S(1), Yilmazbayhan D(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors +(TKIs) have shown benefits regarding progression-free and overall survival in +patients whose tumours show EGFR mutations. Most patients' lung cancer is +metastatic when detected. Small tissue samples and cytological materials are +widely used in diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to compare the EGFR +mutation analysis results between cytology, small biopsies and resections. +METHODS: Archival material for EGFR testing was reviewed. Cell blocks and/or +stained smears and tissue blocks were used where appropriate. The tumour cell +count and percentage were recorded as well as the DNA content. The influence of +TTF-1 immunoreactivity on EGFR testing was also investigated. +RESULTS: The study cohort included 300 unpaired specimens of 84 resections, 83 +small biopsies and 133 cytological materials. EGFR mutation rates did not differ +significantly for cytology, small biopsy and resections (P > 0.05). The higher +tumour cell percentage in FNAs than in exfoliative cytology did not affect the +EGFR mutation status. EGFR mutation rates were similar when either slides or cell +blocks were used. Cytology slides revealed a higher tumour cell content and DNA +concentration than the cell blocks. May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG)-stained smears had +higher rates of the EGFR mutation than the Papanicolaou (Pap)-stained slides (P < +0.05). Tumours with negative immunoreactivity for TTF-1 are less likely to have +an EGFR mutation (P < 0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: Cytological materials can be used successfully for mutation analysis +in lung cancer. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12357 +PMID: 27389045 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +278. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2016 Oct;33(4):270. Epub 2016 Jul 5. + +Letter to the Editor: regarding "Lipomatous ependymoma: report of a rare +differentiation pattern with a comprehensive review of literature". + +Dogan M(1), Yildirim İO(1), Dogan DG(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiology, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Inonu University School of +Medicine, 44280, Malatya, Turkey. deryagumus@yahoo.com. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10014-016-0269-1 +PMID: 27379426 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +279. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:6954758. doi: 10.1155/2016/6954758. Epub 2016 Jun 8. + +Factors Affecting Morbidity in Solid Organ Injuries. + +Baygeldi S(1), Karakose O(1), Özcelik KC(1), Pülat H(1), Damar S(1), Eken H(2), +Zihni İ(1), Çalta AF(1), Baç B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Surgical Oncology Clinic, Samsun, +Turkey. +(2)General Surgery Department, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey. + +Background and Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of +demographic characteristics, biochemical parameters, amount of blood transfusion, +and trauma scores on morbidity in patients with solid organ injury following +trauma. Material and Method. One hundred nine patients with solid organ injury +due to abdominal trauma during January 2005 and October 2015 were examined +retrospectively in the General Surgery Department of Dicle University Medical +Faculty. Patients' age, gender, trauma interval time, vital status (heart rate, +arterial tension, and respiratory rate), hematocrit (HCT) value, serum area +aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values, presence of +free abdominal fluid in USG, trauma mechanism, extra-abdominal system injuries, +injured solid organs and their number, degree of injury in abdominal CT, number +of blood transfusions, duration of hospital stay, time of operation (for those +undergoing operation), trauma scores (ISS, RTS, Glasgow coma scale, and TRISS), +and causes of morbidity and mortality were examined. In posttraumatic follow-up +period, intra-abdominal hematoma infection, emboli, catheter infection, and deep +vein thrombosis were monitored as factors of morbidity. Results. One hundred nine +patients were followed up and treated due to isolated solid organ injury +following abdominal trauma. There were 81 males (74.3%) and 28 females (25.7%), +and the mean age was 37.6 ± 18.28 (15-78) years. When examining the mechanism of +abdominal trauma in patients, the following results were obtained: 58 (53.3%) +traffic accidents (22 out-vehicle and 36 in-vehicle), 27 (24.7%) falling from a +height, 14 (12.9%) assaults, 5 (4.5%) sharp object injuries, and 5 (4.5%) gunshot +injuries. When evaluating 69 liver injuries scaled by CT the following was +detected: 14 (20.3%) of grade I, 32 (46.4%) of grade II, 22 (31.8%) of grade III, +and 1 (1.5%) of grade IV. In 63 spleen injuries scaled by CT the following was +present: grade I in 21 (33.3%), grade II in 27 (42.9%), grade III in 11 (17.5%), +and grade IV in 4 (6.3%). The mean length of hospital stay after trauma was 6.46 +days in the medically followed patients. This ratio was 8.13 days in 22 patients +with morbidity and 5.98 days in 78 patients without morbidity. There was a +morbidity in 22 (22%) patients medically followed after trauma. In this study, +nonoperative treatment was observed to be performed safely in solid organ +injuries after trauma in case of absence of hemodynamic stability and peritoneal +irritation. It has been emphasized that injury of both liver and spleen (p < +0.01), high respiratory rate (p < 0.01), trauma scores (GKS, ISS, RTS) (p < +0.0001), and elevation of ALT AST values (p < 0.01) are stimulants for morbidity +that may occur during follow-up. Conclusion. Medical follow-up can be considered +in patients with high grade injuries similar to patients with low-grade solid +organ injury after trauma. The injury of both liver and spleen, high respiratory +rate, high GCS and ISS, low RTS, and elevation of ALT AST values were found to +increase morbidity again in the follow-up of these patients. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/6954758 +PMCID: PMC4916281 +PMID: 27375316 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +280. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2016 Aug;68(7):419-26. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.06.004. Epub +2016 Jun 24. + +Tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress reduces in vitro subpopulation +and invasion of CD44+/CD24- phenotype breast cancer stem cells. + +Nami B(1), Donmez H(2), Kocak N(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics and Women and Children's Health Research +Institute (WCHRI), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Electronic address: +namimoll@ualberta.ca. +(2)Department of Medical Genetics, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, +Turkey. Electronic address: dr.huseyin.donmez@gmail.com. +(3)Department of Medical Genetics, Selcuk University Medical Faculty, Konya, +Turkey. Electronic address: nkocak@selcuk.edu.tr. + +Tunicamycin is an inhibitor of glycosylation that disturbs protein folding +machinery in eukaryotic cells. Tunicamycin causes accumulation of unfolded +proteins in cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induces ER stress. ER stress is +an essential mechanism for cellular homeostasis has role in cell death via +reprogramming of protein processing, regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. In +this study we show effect of tunicamycin on subpopulation and invasion of +CD44+/CD24- MCF7 breast cancer stem cells. CD44+/CD24- cells were isolated from +MCF7 cell line by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and treated with +tunicamycin. ER stress was monitored by evaluation of X-box binding protein +1(XBP-1) mRNA splicing, cleaved activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) nuclear +translocation and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) +expression. CD44+/CD24- subpopulation was analyzed using flow cytometry. Invasion +was investigated by scratch assay, trypan blue staining, +3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) proliferation +and in vitro migration assays. Increased level of spliced XBP-1, ATF6 nuclear +translocation and CHOP protein expression were detected in CD44+/CD24- and +original MCF7 cells treated with tunicamycin. Also, a significant decline in +CD44+/CD24- cell subpopulation was determined in the cells treated with +tunicamycin. The results also showed inhibited invasion, increased cell death, +suppressed proliferation and reduced migration in the CD44+/CD24- and CD44+/CD24- +rich MCF7 cell culture, under effect of tunicamycin. Our results indicate that +CD44+/CD24- phenotype MCF7 cells are susceptible to tunicamycin. The results +showed that tunicamycin-induced ER stress suppresses CD44+/CD24- phenotype cell +subpopulation and in vitro invasion and accelerates tumorosphore formation. These +results suggest that tunicamycin-induced ER stress inhibits CD44+/CD24- phenotype +MCF7 breast cancer stem cells. We conclude that using ER-targeting chemicals like +tunicamycin is an interesting approach to target breast cancer stem cells inside +tumor. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.06.004 +PMID: 27350212 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +281. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(5):327-338. Epub 2016 Jun 16. + +Evaluation of Etanercept Treatment in Newborn Rat Model with Hyperoxic Lung +Injury. + +Kaya G(1), Saldir M(1), Polat A(1), Fidanci MK(1), Erdem A(2), Erdem G(1), Kurt +YG(3), Cetinkaya M(4), Cekmez F(1), Onguru O(1), Tunc T(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pediatrics , Gulhane Military School of Medicine , Ankara , +Turkey. +(2)b Pathology , Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research +Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Clinical Biochemistry , Gulhane Military School of Medicine , Ankara , +Turkey. +(4)d Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology , Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and +Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +Comment in + Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2017 Oct;36(5):345-346. + +BACKGROUND: Many factors contribute to the development of BPD basically by +increasing inflammation in preterm lungs. However, premature neonates have +insufficient anti-inflammatory capacity. We aimed to evaluate the effect of +etanercept, an anti-TNF agent, on BPD development in newborn rat model with +hyperoxia-induced lung injury. +METHODS: Thirty-two newborn rats were divided into 3 groups as control group +(Group 1, n = 11), hyperoxia + placebo group (Group 2, n = 10), and hyperoxia + +etanercept group (Group 3, n = 11). Histopathological and biochemical analysis +were performed in order to assess inflammation and oxidative stress. Superoxide +dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and malondialdehyde +(MDA) levels were studied, histopathological scoring and radial alveolar count +were applied in lung tissue. Lamellar body membrane protein, vascular endothelial +growth factor (VEGF), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) gene expressions were studied +in immunohistochemical evaluation of tissue samples. All three groups were +compared with each other in terms of all parameters. +RESULTS: SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly higher, whereas MDA levels +were lower in group 3, compared to group 2 (p < 0.001). Histopathological scores +were lower, lamellar body membrane protein expression and radial alveolar count +were higher in group 3 (p < 0.05). NF-κB expression was higher in group 2, but +lower in group 3 in comparison with group 1. Expression of VEGF was decreased in +group 2 but came close to group 1 with etanercept treatment in group 3. +CONCLUSIONS: We found etanercept treatment to be protective in newborn rats with +hyperoxia-induced lung damage. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1189018 +PMID: 27309384 + + +282. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(5):339-343. Epub 2016 Jun 16. + +Tetrasomy 18p in a Twin Pregnancy with Diverse Expression in Both Fetuses. + +Inan C(1), Sayın NC(1), Atlı E(2), Ulusal S(2), Erzincan S(1), Uzun I(1), Gurkan +H(2), Varol FG(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Division of Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine , Department of Obstetrics & +Gynecology , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Medical Genetics , Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University , +Edirne , Turkey. + +Tetrasomy 18p, characterized by the presence of four copies of the short arm of +chromosome 18, is considered to occur with the nondisjunction in meiosis II after +the errors in the meiotic and early postmeiotic mitotic division in the +centromere. It is accompanied by various abnormalities including congenital heart +defects, lower extremity abnormalities, micrognathia, high arched palate, +kyphoscoliosis, microcephaly, myelomeningocele, hernia and renal anomalies. We +present the first case of a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy in which both +fetuses were affected by tetrasomy 18p, but with discordant morphology, detected +in one twin in the first but in the other in the second trimester. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1188870 +PMID: 27309155 + + +283. Endocr Pathol. 2016 Dec;27(4):352-358. + +Should Core Needle Biopsy be Used in the Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules? + +Guler B(1), Kiran T(2), Arici DS(2), Aysan E(3), Sonmez FC(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Bezmialem Foundation University Faculty of Medicine, +İstanbul, Turkey. berilgus@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Bezmialem Foundation University Faculty of Medicine, +İstanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Foundation University Faculty of +Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey. + +Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the first choice in thyroid nodules suspected of +harboring malignancy on sonography in routine practice. However, sampling with +core needle biopsy (CNB) is also being used, especially in cases with repeated +nondiagnostic/indeterminate diagnoses. The aim of this study was the +retrospective evaluation of CNB samples. A total of 604 thyroid CNB samples +registered in the Department of Pathology at Bezmialem Foundation University +Medical Faculty within the 1-year period between June 2014 and June 2015 were +re-evaluated by correlation with previous FNA and later resection results. CNB +was divided into diagnostic groups of insufficient, malignant, suspicious for +malignancy, no evidence of malignancy/benign, atypia of uncertain significance +(AUS)/follicular lesions of uncertain significance (FLUS), and follicular +neoplasm (FN)/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (SFN). Among the 604 cases, 15 +cases (2.48 %) were classified as malignant and 9 cases (1.49 %) as suspicious +for malignancy. No evidence of malignancy was seen in 512 cases (84.76 %). There +were 26 (4.3 %) cases in the AUS/FLUS-FN/SFN group, and the sample was inadequate +in 42 cases (6.95 %). Resection was performed for 17 of the cases classified as +malignant or suspicious for malignancy, and all were found to be malignant. There +were also 10 resected cases with a diagnosis of no evidence of malignancy, and +all were found to be benign. We think that sampling with CNB may be useful +especially in repeating inadequate biopsies or cases diagnosed with AUS/FLUS that +have hesitations regarding clinical management. Larger series including +comparisons with FNA and resection results are required. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-016-9440-9 +PMID: 27306998 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +284. Vet Pathol. 2016 Jul;53(4):864. doi: 10.1177/0300985816643372. + +Author's Responses to Dr Del Piero's Critique. + +Toplu N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Adnan +Menderes, Aydin, Turkey. + +Comment on + Vet Pathol. 2016 Jul;53(4):863. + Vet Pathol. 2015 Nov;52(6):1073-6. + +DOI: 10.1177/0300985816643372 +PMID: 27298305 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +285. Int J Surg Pathol. 2016 Oct;24(7):607-13. doi: 10.1177/1066896916653211. Epub +2016 Jun 9. + +Clinicopathological Significance of the Proliferation Markers Ki67, RacGAP1, and +Topoisomerase 2 Alpha in Breast Cancer. + +Şahin S(1), Işık Gönül İ(2), Çakır A(3), Seçkin S(4), Uluoğlu Ö(2). + +Author information: +(1)Bozok University School of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey sevcelik82@gmail.com. +(2)Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Istanbul Medipol University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Bozok University School of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey. + +Objectives The aims of this study are to evaluate expressions of Ki67, RacGAP1 +(MgcRacGAP) and topoisomerase 2 alpha (TOP2a), the markers related with cell +proliferation that have been proposed to affect the prognosis in the literature +and correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer +patients. Methods Ki67, RacGAP1, and TOP2a antibodies were applied +immunohistochemically to the tissue micrarray blocks of 457 female breast cancer +patients. The results were correlated with clinical, prognostic, +histopathological features, and other immunohistochemical findings (estrogen +receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], HER2, cytokeratin [CK]5/6, CK14, +epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] and vimentin), statistically. Results +Ki67 expression demonstrated direct correlation with TOP2a expression, mitotic +count, tumor grade, geographic necrosis, basal-like phenotype. RacGAP1 expression +was directly correlated with TOP2a expression, nipple invasion, and number of +metastatic lymph nodes, and it was inversely correlated with PR expression. TOP2a +expression was directly correlated with vimentin and Ki67 expressions, mitotic +count, tumor grade, and geographic necrosis, and nipple invasion, and negatively +correlated with ER and PR expressions. Higher TOP2a and Ki67 expressions were +correlated with shorter overall survival. Higher TOP2a expression and RacGAP1 +positivity were directly correlated with shorter disease-free survival. +Conclusion This study showed that the overexpressions of Ki67, RacGAP1, and TOP2a +affect the prognosis adversely, thus to develop target therapies against RacGAP1 +and TOP2a as well as using Ki67 as a part of routine pathology practice might be +beneficial in breast cancer therapy and prediction of prognosis. + +© The Author(s) 2016. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896916653211 +PMID: 27284123 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +286. Endocr Pathol. 2016 Sep;27(3):233-42. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9437-4. + +Comparing Clinicopathologic and Radiographic Findings Between TT-UMP, Classical, +and Non-Encapsulated Follicular Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas. + +Baser H(1), Topaloglu O(2), Tam AA(2), Alkan A(3), Kilicarslan A(4), Ersoy R(2), +Cakir B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Ovecler, 1297 Sokak, No: 1/22, 06460, Ankara, Turkey. +drhusniyebaser@yahoo.com.tr. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Yildirim Beyazit University, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Yildirim Beyazit University, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Thyroid tumors of uncertain malignant potential (TT-UMP) comprise an accepted +subgroup of follicular-patterned thyroid tumors for which benignancy or +malignancy cannot be precisely assessed. We aimed to evaluate the demographic +characteristics, ultrasound (US) findings, and cytological results of patients +with TT-UMP and compare these findings to a classical variant of papillary +thyroid carcinoma (CV-PTC) and non-encapsulated follicular variant of PTC +(NEFV-PTC) patients; we also evaluated the immunohistochemical characteristics of +patients with TT-UMP. Twenty-four patients with TT-UMP, 672 with CV-PTC, and 132 +with NEFV-PTC were included in the study. Mean longitudinal nodule size and +median nodule volume were higher in the TT-UMP group than in the CV-PTC and +NEFV-PTC groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 for CV-PTC; p < 0.001 and p = 0.008 for +NEFV-PTC). The presence of halo and peripheral vascularization was observed more +frequently in the TT-UMP group than in the CV-PTC group (p = 0.002 and +p = 0.024). Benign and follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm +cytological results were higher in the TT-UMP group than in the CV-PTC group +(p = 0.030 and p = 0.001). US findings were similar between TT-UMP and NEFV-PTC +groups (all, p > 0.05). However, none of the patients with TT-UMP were called +malignant; 105 patients (31.2 %) of CV-PTC and 11 patients (9.5 %) of NEFV-PTC +(infiltrative FV) were classified as malignant cytologically. Tumor size was +higher in the TT-UMP group than in the CV-PTC and NEFV-PTC groups (p < 0.001 and +p = 0.006). In the TT-UMP group, positive expression of HBME-1, CK-19, and Gal-3 +was found in 50, 33.3, and 25 % of patients, respectively. This study +demonstrated that none of the TT-UMP patients were evaluated as malignant in +preoperative cytology. However, patients with TT-UMP had higher nodule and tumor +sizes than CV-PTC and NEFV-PTC patients; US features were similar between +NEFV-PTC and TT-UMP patients. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-016-9437-4 +PMID: 27256097 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +287. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016 Sep;45(8):634. doi: 10.1111/jop.12462. Epub 2016 Jun 2. + +Comment on 'Novel anticoagulants - an update on the latest developments and +management for clinicians treating patients on these drugs'. + +Aykan MB(1), Arslan E(1), Demirbas S(1), Saglam K(1). + +Author information: +(1)Gulhane Askeri Tip Akademisi, Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12462 +PMID: 27251888 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +288. Pathol Oncol Res. 2016 Oct;22(4):839-45. doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0075-4. Epub +2016 May 24. + +P21 and p27 Immunoexpression in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinomas. + +Sarsik B(1), Doganavsargil B(2), Simsir A(3), Yazici A(4), Pehlivanoglu B(5), Cal +C(3), Sen S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Bornova, 35100, +Izmir, Turkey. bsarsik@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Bornova, 35100, +Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Mugla University Education and Research Hospital, +Mugla,, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, +Adiyaman, Turkey. + +p21 and p27 are members of cyclin-dependent kinase family, which function as +tumor suppressors and they are involved in development and progression of several +malignancies. We investigated their expression in upper urinary tract urothelial +carcinoma (UUTUC). Radical nephroureterectomy materials of 34 patients were +assessed by immunohistochemistry to evaluate expression of p21 and p27 in UUTUC. +Results were correlated with various clinicopathological variables as age, +gender, tumor grade and stage, tumor architecture, multifocality, subsequent +bladder carcinoma development and clinical outcome.p21 and p27 expression was +observed in 52.9 % (n = 18) and 88.2 % (n = 30), respectively. A total of 21 +tumors (61.7 %) showed either total loss of p21 expression (n = 16, 47 %) or +lower expression (n = 5, 14.7 %). No correlation was found between p21 expression +and clinicopathologic variables. Cases showing total loss or lower p27 expression +(11.7 % and <25.6 %, respectively) (n = 19, 55.8 %) constituted 67.6 % (n = 23) +of the cases totally. This loss or lower p27 expression correlated with a shorter +overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis (p = 0.039 and +p = 0.037, respectively). None of the noninvasive tumors (papillary and nodular +tumors) showed loss of p27 (p = 0.016) while 33.3 % of invasive ones showed p27 +loss. Noninvasive tumor architecture also correlated with subsequent bladder +carcinoma development (p = 0.032) while invasive tumor architecture correlated +with advanced stage (T3 and T4) (p = 0.003). p27 is widely expressed in UUTUC, +while p21 expression is observed in half of the cases. Loss of p27 expression +correlated with tumor architecture and overall survival in UUTUC. However, +further research is needed to assess their role in UUTUC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0075-4 +PMID: 27222134 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +289. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Jul;212(7):608-15. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.12.018. Epub +2016 May 6. + +Metastasis suppressor proteins in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. + +Bozdogan O(1), Vargel I(2), Cavusoglu T(3), Karabulut AA(4), Karahan G(5), Sayar +N(6), Atasoy P(7), Yulug IG(8). + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Hacettepe University, Medical Faculty, Department of Plastic Surgery, Science +Institute, Department of Bioengineering, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Private Practice, Plastic Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, +Kırıkkale, Turkey. +(5)Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and +Genetics, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Department of +Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(7)Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kırıkkale, +Turkey. +(8)Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and +Genetics, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: yulug@fen.bilkent.edu.tr. + +Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) are common human carcinomas. Despite +having metastasizing capacities, they usually show less aggressive progression +compared to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of other organs. Metastasis suppressor +proteins (MSPs) are a group of proteins that control and slow-down the metastatic +process. In this study, we established the importance of seven well-defined MSPs +including NDRG1, NM23-H1, RhoGDI2, E-cadherin, CD82/KAI1, MKK4, and AKAP12 in +cSCCs. Protein expression levels of the selected MSPs were detected in 32 cSCCs, +6 in situ SCCs, and two skin cell lines (HaCaT, A-431) by immunohistochemistry. +The results were evaluated semi-quantitatively using the HSCORE system. In +addition, mRNA expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR in the cell lines. The +HSCOREs of NM23-H1 were similar in cSCCs and normal skin tissues, while RGHOGDI2, +E-cadherin and AKAP12 were significantly downregulated in cSCCs compared to +normal skin. The levels of MKK4, NDRG1 and CD82 were partially conserved in +cSCCs. In stage I SCCs, nuclear staining of NM23-H1 (NM23-H1nuc) was +significantly lower than in stage II/III SCCs. Only nuclear staining of MKK4 +(MKK4nuc) showed significantly higher scores in in situ carcinomas compared to +invasive SCCs. In conclusion, similar to other human tumors, we have demonstrated +complex differential expression patterns for the MSPs in in-situ and invasive +cSCCs. This complex MSP signature warrants further biological and experimental +pathway research. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.12.018 +PMID: 27215390 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +290. APMIS. 2016 Aug;124(8):633-8. doi: 10.1111/apm.12551. Epub 2016 May 23. + +The prognostic significance of survivin expression in gallbladder carcinoma. + +Salman T(1), Argon A(2), Kebat T(2), Vardar E(2), Erkan N(3), Alacacıoğlu A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Atatürk +Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, +Izmir, Turkey. + +Gallbladder cancers (GBC) are characterized by rapid progression, early +metastasis, and poor prognosis; the molecular mechanisms of the various signaling +pathways involved should be elucidated to develop effective therapies. Survivin, +an apoptosis inhibitor protein expressed in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, +plays a role in cell division and affects both cell survival and proliferation. +Survivin has been investigated in many types of cancer, and this study aims to +examine the relationship of survivin expression in gallbladder cancer patients +with clinicopathological features and prognosis. We evaluated demographic +characteristics (age, gender), tumor characteristics (histopathological type, +differentiation, perineural, and lymphovascular invasion; serosal invasion, +surgical margin positivity and lymphocytic response), and Survivin expression +immunohistochemically, and we analysed the relationship between these +characteristics and prognosis in 47 gallbladder carcinoma cases from 2000 to +2011. Immunohistochemically, while survivin expression was observed in 36 cases, +it was absent in 11 cases. Follow-up data were obtained from 32 patients. Two +(8.7%) of 23 cases with a Survivin-positive tumor were alive at 74th and 35th +months, whereas 5 (%55.6) of nine cases with Survivin-negative tumor were alive +at 50th, 89th, 124th, 126th, 131th months. Survivin expression was correlated +with short survival (p = 0.043), and the univariate analysis showed that reduced +overall survival was associated with age (p = 0.043), male gender (p = 0.038), +infiltrative pattern (p = 0.019), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.004), perineural +invasion (p = 0.009), serosal invasion (p = 0.027), ulcer (p = 0.033), and +surgical margin positivity (p = 0.022). Despite the low number of patients in our +study, the analysis results suggest that survivin positivity might actually be a +significant prognostic factor. This finding could be a reference point for +targeted treatment studies. However, further studies involving broader series and +longer follow-up are still required for highly lethal gallbladder cancers. + +© 2016 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12551 +PMID: 27214404 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +291. Histopathology. 2016 Sep;69(3):349-73. doi: 10.1111/his.12999. Epub 2016 Jul 11. + +Issues in diagnosis of small B cell lymphoid neoplasms involving the bone marrow +and peripheral blood. Report on the Bone Marrow Workshop of the XVIIth meeting of +the European Association for Haematopathology and the Society for +Hematopathology. + +Porwit A(1)(2), Fend F(3), Kremer M(4), Orazi A(5), Safali M(6), van der Walt +J(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty +of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. +(2)Previous address: Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Medicine, +University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. +(3)Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, +University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. +(4)Institute of Pathology, Staedtisches Klinikum, München, Germany. +(5)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical +College, New York, NY, USA. +(6)GATA Patoloji AD, Etlik Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Department of Histopathology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK. + +Small B cell lymphoid neoplasms are the most common lymphoproliferative disorders +involving peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM). The Bone Marrow Workshop +(BMW) organized by the European Bone Marrow Working Group (EBMWG) of the European +Association for Haematopathology (EAHP) during the XVIIth EAHP Meeting in +Istanbul, October 2014, was dedicated to discussion of cases illustrating how the +recent advances in immunophenotyping, molecular techniques and cytogenetics +provide better understanding and classification of these entities. Submitted +cases were grouped into following categories: (i) cases illustrating diagnostic +difficulties in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL); (ii) cases of BM +manifestations of small B cell lymphoid neoplasms other than CLL; (iii) +transformation of small B cell lymphoid neoplasms in the BM; and (iv) +multiclonality and composite lymphomas in the BM. This report summarizes +presented cases and conclusions of the BMW and provides practical recommendations +for classification of the BM manifestations of small B cell lymphoid neoplasms +based on the current state of knowledge. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/his.12999 +PMID: 27208429 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +292. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(4):239-50. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1175529. Epub +2016 May 16. + +ADAMTS4 and Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Preterm Premature Rupture of +Membranes. + +Ozler S(1), Oztas E(1), Guler BG(2), Ergin M(3), Uygur D(1), Yucel A(1), Erel +O(4), Danisman N(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Perinatology , Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and +Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liv Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Biochemistry , Gaziantep 25th Aralik State Hospital , +Gaziantep , Turkey. +(4)d Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara, Turkey. + +AIM: To determine the function of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with +thrombospondin motifs-4 (ADAMTS4), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant +status (TAS), and aryl esterase (ARES) in preterm premature rupture of membranes +(PPROM) and to investigate the association with premature rupture of membranes +(PROMs). +MATERIAL AND METHODS: 58 pregnant women were included in this prospective study +which comprised 29 PPROM patients as the study group and 29 patients, having +healthy amniotic membranes, as the control group. ADAMTS4, TAS, TOS, and ARES +levels were studied in the amniotic membrane homogenates of the patients. +RESULTS: ADAMTS4, TAS TOS, and ARES levels of amniotic membrane lysates were +significantly different between PPROM and control groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p += 0.008 and p = 0.002, respectively). Increased amniotic membrane ADAMTS4 (OR: +1.051 95% CI 1.006-1.098, p = 0.024) and TOS (OR: 12.777 95% CI 1.595-102.323, p += 0.016) were found to be significantly associated with the increased risk of +PPROM. +CONCLUSION: ADAMTS4, TOS, and ARES levels were higher and TAS level was lower in +PPROM patients than the normal healthy control group which had healthy amniotic +membranes at term. As a result, ADAMTS4 may have a role in the pathogenesis by +causing increased oxidative and inflammatory environment in PPROM. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1175529 +PMID: 27182768 + + +293. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Jun;22:58-62. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.04.002. Epub +2016 Apr 9. + +The correlation of sodium iodide symporter and BRAF(V600E) mutation in classical +variant papillary thyroid carcinoma. + +Yazgan A(1), Yıldırım N(2), Gözalan A(3), Gümüştaş S(4), Kılıçarslan A(5), Balci +S(5), Aydın C(6), Ersoy R(6), Cakir B(6), Güler G(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: aylinkilicyazgan@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, +Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +BRAF(V600E) mutation was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction in 96 +consecutive cases with classical variant papillary thyroid cancer, and +immunohistochemical staining of Na+/I- symporter (NIS) protein was evaluated. +Localization (intracellular or membranous), density, and the intensity of +cytoplasmic staining were characterized semiquantitatively. Extrathyroidal +invasion, surgical margin positivity, and lymph node metastasis were compared +with BRAF(V600E) mutation and NIS expression. Eighty-eight patients who had at +least 24-month follow-up were also included in survival analysis. BRAF(V600E) +mutation was determined in 78.1% (75/96) and functional NIS activity in 74% +(71/96) of the cases. There were statistically significant differences in mean +ages between BRAF(V600E) mutation-positive (48.6) and BRAF(V600E) +mutation-negative cases (37.3; Levene test, P=.419; Student t test, P=.001). The +surgical margin positivity (46.7%) and extrathyroidal extension percentage +(54.7%) in the BRAF(V600E) mutation-positive group were higher than the negative +(28.6% and 33.3%, respectively) group, without statistical significance (P=.138 +and P=.084, respectively). Functional NIS activity was higher in BRAF(V600E) +mutation-positive cases (78.1%) than mutation-negative ones (57.1%; P=.047). The +possibility of moderate and intense cytoplasmic staining in BRAF(V600E) +mutation-positive cases (72%) was 6.3 times higher than the possibility of weak +staining (28%) in the mutation-positive cases (95% confidence interval, 2.2-18.8; +P=.001). Functional NIS expression is higher in patients with classical variant +papillary thyroid cancer with BRAF(V600E) mutation. However, the clinical +features were not found to be associated with NIS expression. There may be +different mechanisms determining the outcome of therapy. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.04.002 +PMID: 27180062 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +294. Pol J Pathol. 2016 Mar;67(1):54-9. + +Immunohistochemical investigation of endometrial leukocytes in implantation +period in rats with streptozotosin-induced diabetes. + +Nacar E(1), Bozkurt YA, Koç A, Nacar A. + +Author information: +(1)Emel Nacar, PhD, Turgut Ozal University Vocational School of Health Sciences, +Division of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Ostim, 06500 Ankara, Turkey, e-mail: +emelakdeniznacar@gmail.com. + +Our first aim was to determine the total leukocyte profile in implantation. +Second aim was to detect the changes in uterine leukocyte profile in diabetes, a +common accompanying disease. For this purpose 4 groups are formed with Wistar +albino rats weighing 250-300 g. Two of the groups were non-diabetic and two of +them were diabetic. One of the diabetic and one of the non-diabetic groups were +left pregnant. Then uterus tissues of pregnant animals were removed in the 5th +and 7th days of pregnancy together with tissues of other two non-pregnant groups. +Tissues were analyzed immunohistochemically with antibodies CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, +CD56, CD68 and CD79a. It was revealed that pregnancy increased immune staining of +CD68, CD3, CD45 and CD56 in endometrium. In addition it was observed that immune +staining density of CD68, CD45 and CD56 decreased in diabetes. In the +histopathological examination, significant degeneration was detected in the +endometrium of diabetic rats. Diabetes could decrease leukocyte proportions in +decidua in early pregnancy periods. Therefore immune cell therapies could be +administrated in diabetes related problems of pregnancy. + + +PMID: 27179275 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +295. Folia Neuropathol. 2016;54(1):80-7. + +Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour of the fourth ventricle: case report and +review of the literature. + +Hakan T(1), Aker FV. + +Author information: +(1)Tayfun Hakan, MD, Assoc. Prof., Memorial Ataşehir Hospital, Vedat Günyol +Caddesi No:30 Küçükbakkalköy 34758 Ataşehir/İstanbul, Turkey, e-mail: +tayfunhakan@yahoo.com. + +Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle is one of the +newly described primary tumours of the central nervous system. These tumours have +two components of both neurocytic and glial areas but usually the glial component +of the tumour predominates. They have biphasic cytoarchitecture with two +elements; neurocytic rosettes resembling Homer-Wright rosettes, and astrocytic +component resembling a pilocytic astrocytoma. They are low-grade tumours with +lack of histopathological signs of malignancy. Here, clinical, magnetic +resonance, computed tomography (CT) and pathological features of rosette-forming +glioneuronal tumour of posterior fossa are presented. A 29-year-man was admitted +with an acute neurological deterioration. A three ventricular hydrocephalus and a +hypo-density around vermis in the posterior fossa were seen in his CT scans. He +did well after an emergency external ventricular drainage. He had an elective +operation and a mass that was reported to be a rosette-forming glioneuronal +tumour of the fourth ventricle was excised. + + +PMID: 27179225 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +296. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Apr-Jun;59(2):257-9. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.182033. + +Angiomyofibroblastoma of the right labia major. + +Gelincik I(1), Yildirim A(2), Sayar I(3), Aktas C(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, +Tekirdağ, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Diyarbakır Pediatric and Obstetrics Gynecology +Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, Namik Kemal University, Faculty of +Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.182033 +PMID: 27166065 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +297. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Apr-Jun;59(2):250-1. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.182045. + +Dendritic fibromyxolipoma of left inguinal region. + +Ciloglu S(1), Duran A(1), Keskin E(1), Yigit A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Haydarpasa Numune +Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.182045 +PMID: 27166060 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +298. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Jul;44(7):643-7. doi: 10.1002/dc.23496. Epub 2016 May 10. + +Thyroid Paraganglioma Diagnosed by Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy, Correlated With +Histopathological Findings: Report of a Case. + +Çetin Ş(1), Kir G(1), Yilmaz M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Thyroid paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors. They are difficult to +diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and can be misdiagnosed as +other types of thyroid disease. Here, we present an unusual case of primary +thyroid paraganglioma diagnosed by FNAB. A 66-year-old woman presented with +multinodular goiter. Ultrasound (US)-guided FNAB of the 3 cm nodule in the +superior portion of the right lobe of the thyroid was performed. The cytological +smears showed single cells or loose clusters of round to ovoid cells with oval +granular nuclei. To differentiate between thyroid paraganglioma and other thyroid +neoplasms, cell block material from the FNAB specimen was immunohistochemically +stained with antibodies to thyroglobulin, calcitonin (CT), AE1-AE3, +carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), synaptophysin, chromogranin A (CH-A), +neuron-specific enolase (NSE), thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), +parathyroid hormone (PTH), and S-100. Immunohistochemical staining was positive +for synaptophysin, CH-A, NSE, and S-100, and negative for thyroglobulin, CT, +AE1-AE3, PTH, CEA, and TTF-1. Congo red staining was also negative. Paraganglioma +and other neuroendocrine neoplasms were considered in the differential diagnosis. +A total thyroidectomy was performed, and a final diagnosis of paraganglioma was +made. Paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the thyroid and should be +considered in the differential diagnosis based on cytology of thyroid +neuroendocrine tumors. Immunohistochemistry should be performed when making a +diagnosis of thyroid paraganglioma, particularly when evaluating fine-needle +aspiration smears. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:643-647. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, +Inc. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23496 +PMID: 27162199 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +299. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Aug;212(8):678-85. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.11.008. Epub +2016 Feb 12. + +From RNA isolation to microarray analysis: Comparison of methods in FFPE tissues. + +Belder N(1), Coskun Ö(2), Doganay Erdogan B(3), Ilk O(4), Savas B(2), Ensari +A(2), Özdağ H(5). + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Ankara, +Turkey. +(4)Middle East Technical University, Department of Statistics, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic +address: hilalozdag@gmail.com. + +BACKGROUND: Genome-wide gene expression profiling analysis of FFPE tissue samples +is indispensable for cancer research and provides the opportunity to evaluate +links between molecular and clinical information, however, working with FFPE +samples is challenging due to extensive cross-linking, fragmentation and limited +quantities of nucleic acid. Thus, processing of FFPE tissue samples from RNA +extraction to microarray analysis still needs optimization. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, a modified deparaffinization protocol was +conducted prior to RNA isolation. Trizol, Qiagen RNeasy FFPE and Arcturus +PicoPure RNA Isolation kits were used in parallel to compare their impact on RNA +isolation. We also evaluated the effect of two different cRNA/cDNA preparation +and labeling protocols with two different array platforms (Affymetrix Human +Genome U133 Plus 2.0 and U133_X3P) on the percentage of present calls. +RESULTS: Our optimization study shows that the Qiagen RNeasy FFPE kit with +modified deparaffinization step gives better results (RNA quantity and quality) +than the other two isolation kits. The Ribo-SPIA protocol gave a significantly +higher percentage of present calls than the 3' IVT cDNA amplification and +labeling system. However, no significant differences were found between the two +array platforms. +CONCLUSION: Our study paves the way for future high-throughput transcriptional +analysis by optimizing FFPE tissue sample processing from RNA isolation to +microarray analysis. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.11.008 +PMID: 27161306 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +300. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(4):220-30. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1173146. Epub +2016 May 9. + +Role of ADAMTS5 in Unexplained Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR). + +Ozler S(1), Oztas E(1), Guler BG(2), Pehlivan S(3), Kadioglu N(4), Ergin M(5), +Uygur D(1), Danisman N(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital , +Department of Perinatology , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Liv Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Ankara Branch of Council of Forensic Medicine , Ankara , Turkey. +(4)d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Serefli Kochisar State Hospital , +Ankara , Turkey. +(5)e Faculty of Medicine , Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit +University , Ankara , Turkey. + +AIM: We aim to determine the role of serum and placental A disintegrin and +metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS5) in fetal growth +restriction (FGR). +MATERIAL AND METHODS: 43 pregnancies suffering FGR and 45 healthy ones were +homogenized for their body mass indices, ages, and gestational weeks. Expression +of ADAMTS5 in placental samples was determined by immunohistochemical methods and +concurrent maternal serum ADAMTS5 levels were determined with enzyme-linked +immunosorbent assay. +RESULTS: Expression of ADAMTS5 was higher in FGR group than the healthy control +in placenta. Both the cytoplasmic staining pattern of the syncytiotrophoblasts +and staining of the decidual plate were shown in the FGR group; but not in the +control group. A negative correlation between serum ADAMTS5 levels and birth +weight in FGR group was observed. +CONCLUSION: Increased ADAMTS5 levels were observed in placental insufficiency +cases. This study demonstrates that ADAMTS5 may be a sensitive indicator of +placental insufficiency which has variable factors in etiology. Additional work +is needed to delineate the mechanism of its involvement. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1173146 +PMID: 27159841 + + +301. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(4):231-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1173749. Epub +2016 May 9. + +Human Placental Histopathology in Preterm Stillbirth: One Center's Experience. + +Salihoğlu Ö(1), Doğan K(2), Sever N(3), Oksay SC(1), Yaşar L(2). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Pediatrics , Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research +Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching +and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Pathology , Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research +Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +Our aim is to identify maternal risk factors and to determine placental +histopathologies in preterm stillbirths. We designed a prospective study +involving a patient population (n = 136) composed of singleton stillbirth (n = +40) and singleton live-born neonates (n = 96) between 23 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of +gestation. We divided the stillbirths into groups of early (n = 21) and late (n = +19) stillbirths. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 15 +software. Small birth weight for gestational age and oligo-anhydramnios were +significantly higher in the early stillbirth group (p = 0.001, p = 0.002 +respectively). Antenatal follow up was significantly lower in the late stillbirth +group (p = 0.001). Placental weight was statistically lower in the early +stillbirth group (p = 0.001). We found no significant differences in maternal +vascular underperfusion, fetal vascular obstruction, inflammation and villitis of +unknown etiology. Placental pathologies causing preterm labor may play an +important role in the etiology of stillbirths and antenatal follow up is +essential for each pregnancy. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1173749 +PMID: 27159738 + + +302. Endocr Pathol. 2016 Sep;27(3):224-32. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9433-8. + +The Value of HBME-1 and Claudin-1 Expression Profile in the Distinction of +BRAF-Like and RAS-Like Phenotypes in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. + +Gucer H(1), Bagci P(2), Bedir R(1), Sehitoglu I(1), Mete O(3)(4)(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th +floor, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(4)Endocrine Oncology Site Group, The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, +Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(5)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, +Toronto, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. + +This study compared the expression profile of HBME-1 and claudin-1 in 90 +papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) with respect to the tumor architecture and +invasive growth as reflected in 46 BRAF-like, 31 non-invasive RAS, and 13 +invasive RAS-like phenotypes. Individual tumors were given an expression score +(max 300) by multiplying the percent positive tumor cells by the intensity score +(range 0-3). The higher expression of HBME-1 and claudin-1 distinguished +BRAF-like phenotype from RAS-like phenotype. The same correlation was also +retained for both markers when comparing BRAF-like phenotype with non-invasive +and invasive RAS-like phenotypes. The expression scores and positivity rates for +both markers did not yield any statistical difference among BRAF-like PTCs. +Except the higher positivity rate of HBME-1, invasive RAS-like tumors were not +statistically different than their non-invasive counterparts with respect to the +positivity rate of claudin-1 and the expression scores of both markers. A central +lymph node dissection or selective lymph node sampling was available in 20 +specimens. The absence of claudin-1 expression has not been a feature of lymph +node metastasis in this series. Despite the limited number of nodal sampling, +BRAF-like phenotype and claudin-1 positivity status have been considered the best +determinants of positive predictive value and negative predictive value in the +prediction of lymph node metastasis among variables, respectively. Adoption of +the simplified architectural classification approach to PTCs showed distinct +biomarker expression profile in this series; however, immunohistochemistry for +HBME-1 and claudin-1 does not seem to be useful in the distinction of invasive +RAS-like PTCs from their non-invasive counterparts. Given the overlapping +molecular signatures within the RAS-like phenotype, further studies with +additional biomarkers are still needed to identify distinct protein expression +signatures of non-invasive RAS-like phenotype as this diagnostic category still +remains a surgical diagnosis at this time. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-016-9433-8 +PMID: 27153840 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +303. Int J Surg Pathol. 2016 Sep;24(6):504-11. doi: 10.1177/1066896916644781. Epub +2016 Apr 27. + +The Relationship Between Intracholecystic Papillary-Tubular Neoplasms and +Invasive Carcinoma of the Gallbladder. + +Argon A(1), Barbet FY(2), Nart D(2). + +Author information: +(1)Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey +asumanargon@gmail.com. +(2)Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The term intracholecystic papillary-tubular neoplasm (ICPN) is +suggested by some authors for a group of exophytic lesions of the gallbladder. In +our study, demographic, pathological, and immunohistochemical features of 45 ICPN +cases and their relationship with invasive carcinoma were analyzed. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 45 ICPN cases were retrieved out of 7334 +cholecystectomies performed between1996 and 2014. Cases were evaluated with +regard to demographic, pathological, and immunohistochemical features. +Correlation between the clinical and histopathological data and occurrence of +invasion was sought. +RESULTS: The incidence of ICPN was 0.61% in our series. Invasive carcinoma was +observed in 56% of cases. Factors associated with invasion were diffuse +high-grade dysplasia (P = .002), papillary growth pattern (P = .001), greatest +diameter of the lesion, and high Ki67 proliferation index (P < .0001). +DISCUSSION: Some authors have reported that small intracholecystic exophytic +lesions without high-grade dysplasia are considered to be inconsequential. +However, there are not enough data concerning the features of large lesions with +high-grade dysplasia and their prognoses. Our data suggest that cases with +diffuse high-grade dysplasia and tubulopapillary/papillary growth pattern, large +tumor size, and high Ki67 proliferation index should be studied for the presence +of invasion. + +© The Author(s) 2016. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896916644781 +PMID: 27122163 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +304. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(4):277-81. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1171422. Epub +2016 Apr 26. + +Fetal Cleft Lip/Palate Surgery: End of a Dream? + +Ozturk S(1), Karagoz H(1), Zor F(2), Inangil G(3), Kara K(4). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Gulhane Military Medical +Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Plastic , Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Gulhane +Military Medical Academy , Ankara , Turkey. +(3)c Department of Anesthesiology , Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Gülhane +Military Medical Academy , Istanbul , Turkey. +(4)d Department of Radiology , Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa +Training Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +Recognition that a fetus can scarlessly heal in intrauterine life led to various +animal studies in the mid 1980s exploring the possibility of fetal cleft +lip/palate surgery. The idea of scarless cleft repair seemed like a possible +dream after the promising results from the early animal studies. In this review, +we analyze the progress made in the 30 years since our first experience with +animal models. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1171422 +PMID: 27115723 + + +305. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(4):213-9. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1171421. Epub +2016 Apr 26. + +Late Preterm and Term Birth: Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and Birth Model. + +Ozdemirci S(1), Kut A(2), Salgur F(2). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Obstetrics Clinic Etlik Zubeyde +Hanim Woman Health Education and Research Hospital , Etlik , Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Baskent University, +Ümitköy Semt Poliklinigi , Ümitköy , Ankara , Turkey. + +AIM: To evaluate the mode of delivery's influence on development of neonatal +hyperbilirubinemia in term or near term infants. +METHODS: The hyperbilirubinemic neonates were divided into two groups according +to their mode of delivery (i.e., vaginal or cesarean). The birth weight and +gestational age at the time of birth, the age of the neonates in days, and the +serum levels of bilirubin of the neonates at the time of hyperbilirubinemia were +compared from the date of hospitalization until treatment, based on the birth +model. +RESULTS: 288 were fulfilled the inclusion criteria during the neonatal period. +The vaginal delivery group consisted of 157 infants (16.8%) with +hyperbilirubinemia, whereas the cesarean group included 131 (22.6%) infants with +hyperbilirubinemia. Neonates in the cesarean group had a significantly higher +rate of hyperbilirubinemia (p = 0.01). +CONCLUSION: This study revealed that compared with vaginal births, cesarean +births led to higher rates of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1171421 +PMID: 27115573 + + +306. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst). 2016;2016:6035801. doi: 10.1155/2016/6035801. Epub 2016 +Mar 21. + +Cytomorphometric Characteristics of Buccal Mucosal Cells in Behçet's Disease +Patients. + +Aktunc E(1), Oz ZS(2), Bektas S(3), Altinyazar C(4), Koca R(5), Bostan S(5). + +Author information: +(1)School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, +67600 Zonguldak, Turkey. +(2)School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Bulent Ecevit University, +67600 Zonguldak, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Taksim Education and Research Hospital, 34433 +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Selçuk University, 42075 Konya, +Turkey. +(5)School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Bulent Ecevit University, 67600 +Zonguldak, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the cytomorphometric +characteristics of the buccal cells of Behçet's disease patients with those of +healthy controls. +METHODS: This case-control study compared a group of 30 patients with Behçet's +disease with an age- and gender-matched control group of 30 healthy individuals. +The buccal mucosal smears were stained using the Papanicolaou technique for +cytomorphometric analyses. The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas were evaluated using +digital image analysis; the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic areas and nuclear +roundness are presented. +RESULTS: The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of the BD patients' cells were +significantly smaller than those of the healthy controls' cells, while the +nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio and neutrophil infiltration rate did not differ +significantly between the groups. However, the nuclear area, cytoplasmic area, +nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, and nuclear roundness factor were significantly +higher in patients without aphthae. The neutrophil infiltration rate did not +differ significantly in patients with or without aphthae. +CONCLUSION: Behçet's disease can produce cytomorphometric changes in buccal cells +that are detectable by exfoliative cytology and cytomorphometric analysis +techniques. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/6035801 +PMCID: PMC4819084 +PMID: 27088074 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +307. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 May;212(5):456-62. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.022. Epub +2016 Feb 26. + +Detection of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene promoter region +methylation pattern using pyrosequencing and the effect of methylation pattern on +survival, recurrence, and chemotherapy sensitivity in patients with laryngeal +cancer. + +Onerci Celebi O(1), Tezel GG(2), Hosal AS(3), Cengiz M(4), Gullu IH(5), Hayran +M(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100, +Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: oonerci@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Radiation Oncology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100, Ankara, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100, Ankara, +Turkey. +(6)Department of Preventive Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, +Sihhiye 06100, Ankara, Turkey. + +AIM: To determine the methylation pattern of the promoter region of the +O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene in laryngeal cancer and normal +laryngeal mucosa samples using pyrosequencing, and to determine the relationship +between the methylation pattern of MGMT, and tumor stage, survival, recurrence, +and chemosensitivity in patients with laryngeal cancer. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Laryngeal cancer and normal laryngeal mucosa specimens +were obtained from our paraffin block archives, and then subjected to +pyrosequencing. Different cut-off values were used to detect methylation. +Clinicopathological data for the patients that provided specimens were obtained +from archive records. +RESULTS: When 5% was used as the cut-off value, 78% of the laryngeal cancer +specimens (64 of 82), and 27.3% of normal laryngeal mucosa specimens (3 of 11) +were considered methylated. When 10% was used as the cut-off value, 47% of the +laryngeal cancer specimens (39 of 82), and none of the normal laryngeal mucosa +specimens were considered methylated. There was not a significant relationship +between the methylation status of MGMT, and clinicopathological parameters, +including age, tumor stage, histopathological differentiation, chemoradiotherapy +protocol used, recurrence, or disease-free survival. +CONCLUSION: Pyrosequencing is a reliable semiquantitative technique that can be +used to detect the methylation pattern. Methylation was common in the laryngeal +cancer specimens, but there was not a significant relationship between the +methylation status of MGMT and clinicopathological parameters. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.022 +PMID: 27067808 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +308. Am J Pathol. 2016 Jun;186(6):1435-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.02.011. Epub +2016 Apr 7. + +Diagnostic and Biological Significance of KIR Expression Profile Determined by +RNA-Seq in Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma. + +Küçük C(1), Hu X(2), Gong Q(3), Jiang B(3), Cornish A(4), Gaulard P(5), McKeithan +T(3), Chan WC(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; +İzmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-İzmir), Dokuz Eylul +University, İzmir, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, +Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: can.kucuk@deu.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; +İzmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-İzmir), Dokuz Eylul +University, İzmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California. +(4)Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska +Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. +(5)Department of Pathology, Groupe Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Inserm U955, +Université Paris Est, Créteil, France. +(6)Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California. +Electronic address: jochan@coh.org. + +Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a rare, aggressive form of non-Hodgkin +lymphoma that is generally incurable at more advanced stages with systemic +involvement. Clonal diagnostic markers (eg, unique T- or B-cell receptor +rearrangements) are not available for NKTCLs. Killer cell immunoglobulin like +receptors (KIRs) are a family of type I transmembrane glycoproteins involved in +the inhibition or activation of NK cells. A restricted expression profile of KIRs +has been proposed as clonal markers of NK-cell proliferations. Here we evaluated +the transcription profile of all KIR family genes and C-type lectin receptor +genes using RNA sequencing on NKTCL cases (n = 17) and NK-cell lines (n = 3). The +expression of all KIRs tended to be markedly reduced or absent in NKTCL, except +for the KIR family member killer Ig-like receptor 2DL4 (KIR2DL4; alias CD158D), +which was selectively overexpressed in the majority (59%) of cases. No specific +expression pattern was observed for C-type lectin receptors. KIR2DL4 is an +unusual member of the KIR family that recognizes human leukocyte antigen G and +mediates NK-cell activation through inducing proliferation and survival pathways +such as AKT and NF-κB. Stable knockdown of KIR2DL4 in two malignant NK-cell lines +with high KIR2DL4 expression significantly reduced cell growth. Selective +overexpression of KIR2DL4 and down-regulation of inhibitory KIRs may contribute +to NKTCL pathogenesis. + +Copyright © 2016 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by +Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.02.011 +PMCID: PMC4901131 +PMID: 27060228 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +309. Acta Neuropathol. 2016 Jul;132(1):59-75. doi: 10.1007/s00401-016-1572-y. Epub +2016 Apr 8. + +α-Synuclein-induced myelination deficit defines a novel interventional target for +multiple system atrophy. + +Ettle B(1), Kerman BE(2)(3), Valera E(4), Gillmann C(5), Schlachetzki JC(1)(6), +Reiprich S(7), Büttner C(8), Ekici AB(8), Reis A(8), Wegner M(7), Bäuerle T(5), +Riemenschneider MJ(9), Masliah E(4), Gage FH(2), Winkler J(10). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, +Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, +Erlangen, Germany. +(2)Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, +CA, USA. +(3)Research Center for Regenerative and Restorative Medicine, Istanbul Medipol +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, +USA. +(5)Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, +Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. +(6)Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San +Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. +(7)Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, +Erlangen, Germany. +(8)Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, +Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. +(9)Department of Neuropathology, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, +Germany. +(10)Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, +Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, +Erlangen, Germany. juergen.winkler@uk-erlangen.de. + +Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare atypical parkinsonian disorder +characterized by a rapidly progressing clinical course and at present without any +efficient therapy. Neuropathologically, myelin loss and neurodegeneration are +associated with α-synuclein accumulation in oligodendrocytes, but underlying +pathomechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the impact of +oligodendrocytic α-synuclein on the formation of myelin sheaths to define a +potential interventional target for MSA. Post-mortem analyses of MSA patients and +controls were performed to quantify myelin and oligodendrocyte numbers. As +pre-clinical models, we used transgenic MSA mice, a myelinating stem cell-derived +oligodendrocyte-neuron co-culture, and primary oligodendrocytes to determine +functional consequences of oligodendrocytic α-synuclein overexpression on +myelination. We detected myelin loss accompanied by preserved or even increased +numbers of oligodendrocytes in post-mortem MSA brains or transgenic mouse +forebrains, respectively, indicating an oligodendrocytic dysfunction in myelin +formation. Corroborating this observation, overexpression of α-synuclein in +primary and stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes severely impaired myelin +formation, defining a novel α-synuclein-linked pathomechanism in MSA. We used the +pro-myelinating activity of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist +benztropine to analyze the reversibility of the myelination deficit. +Transcriptome profiling of primary pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes demonstrated +that benztropine readjusts myelination-related processes such as cholesterol and +membrane biogenesis, being compromised by oligodendrocytic α-synuclein. +Additionally, benztropine restored the α-synuclein-induced myelination deficit of +stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes. Strikingly, benztropine also ameliorated the +myelin deficit in transgenic MSA mice, resulting in a prevention of neuronal cell +loss. In conclusion, this study defines the α-synuclein-induced myelination +deficit as a novel and crucial pathomechanism in MSA. Importantly, the reversible +nature of this oligodendrocytic dysfunction opens a novel avenue for an +intervention in MSA. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1572-y +PMCID: PMC4912450 +PMID: 27059609 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +310. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2016 Jun;37(2):57-9. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000225. + +Colchicine-Induced Rhabdomyolysis: An Autopsy Case. + +Arslan MN(1), Özgün A, Daş T, Kumru D, Şam B, Koç S. + +Author information: +(1)From the Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Colchicine is derived from Colchicum autumnale and Gloriosa superba and is used +to treat acute gout and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Musculoskeletal +adverse effects range from myopathy to rhabdomyolysis. An 18-year-old woman, with +a 2-year history of FMF treated with colchicine, took 9 colchicine pills (4.5 mg) +to relieve severe abdominal pain. On the sixth day of hospitalization, the +patient's condition worsened, and she died. As this was a case of fatal +poisoning, a forensic autopsy was performed, and the cause of death was +determined to be complications of muscle destruction due to colchicine +intoxication with the findings of myocytolysis, positive antimyoglobin antibody +staining kidney tubules. Colchicine toxicity begins with gastrointestinal +symptoms. Multiorgan effects follow the gastrointestinal effects. Serious +outcomes of colchicine toxicity are rhabdomyolysis, bone marrow suppression, and +disseminated intravascular coagulation. In chronic diseases that require lifelong +treatment with medications, adverse effects can arise with long periods of use. +Our patient had been treated for FMF with colchicine for 2 years but took too +many colchicine pills to relieve her severe abdominal pain. Warning patients +about the effects of high doses of drugs and providing information about their +toxic effects and what to do "in case" of overuse could be lifesaving. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000225 +PMID: 27049658 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +311. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Apr;21:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.01.001. Epub +2016 Jan 8. + +p53 expression and relationship with MDM2 amplification in breast carcinomas. + +Buyukpinarbasili N(1), Gucin Z(2), Ersoy YE(3), İlbak A(4), Kadioglu H(5), +Muslumanoglu M(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: nurbuyukpinar@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: zgucin@yahoo.com. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Fatih, +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: yelizemineersoy@yahoo.com. +(4)Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. +Electronic address: ayca.ilbak@gmail.com. +(5)Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Fatih, +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: huseyinkadioglu@gmail.com. +(6)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, 34093 +Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: mahmutm@istanbul.edu.tr. + +Carcinoma of the breast, like other malignancies, is a genetic disease with +multiple genetic events leading to the malignant phenotype. p53 mutations are the +most common genetic events in human cancer. Inactivation of p53 can be a result +of mutation in gene sequence. One of the main structures that regulate p53 +stabilization is MDM2. It suppresses p53 transcriptional activation by +recognizing transactivation domain of p53. The loss of MDM2 function on p53 +regulation results in deprivation of p53 tumor suppressor ability. Single +nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP309 T->G exchange) or MDM2 amplification has been +proposed to play a role in this issue. In the present study, our aim is to +analyze p53 and MDM2 status and investigate their interactions in human sporadic +breast carcinoma. The study groups were separated according to their molecular +classifications. In each group, histologic type of the tumor, conventional +prognostic parameters, p53, and MDM2 interactions were compared statistically. +Tumors are divided into 4 subtypes due to estrogen and progesterone receptor +status, HER-2, and Ki-67 proliferation index results. According to this +classification, 23 cases are in the luminal A, 32 cases are in the luminal B, 15 +cases are in the HER-2 positive, and 22 cases are in the triple-negative group, +with a total of 92 cases. p53 expression is low in luminal breast carcinomas than +HER-2 and triple-negative subtypes. MDM2 amplification frequency was found to be +5.4% in total. MDM2 gene amplification does not have a significant role in breast +carcinogenesis, but other possible mechanisms may play a role in its +inactivation. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.01.001 +PMID: 27040927 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +312. Brain Pathol. 2016 Sep;26(5):672. doi: 10.1111/bpa.12376. + +Letter in response to Maderna E et al, Measles Inclusion-Body Encephalitis: +Neuronal Phosphorylated Tau Protein Is Present in the Biopsy but Not in the +Autoptic Specimens of the Same Patient, Brain Pathology, doi: 10.1111/bpa.12332. + +Yuksel D(1), Yılmaz D(2), Yurttutan Uyar N(3), Senbil N(4), Gürer Y(5), Anlar +B(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Sami Ulus Research and Training +Hospital of Women's and Children's Health and Diseases, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kecioren Research and Training Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Microbiology, Acıbadem University, Labmed, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pediatric Neurology, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Koru Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pediatric Neurology, Memorial Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Comment in + Brain Pathol. 2016 Sep;26(5):673. + +Comment on + Brain Pathol. 2016 Jul;26(4):542-6. + +DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12376 +PMID: 27040160 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +313. Pol J Pathol. 2015 Dec;66(4):389-96. + +Prognostic value of p53 protein expression in giant cell tumor of bone. + +Yalcinkaya U(1), Ugras N, Kabul S, Ocakoglu G, Bilgen MS. + +Author information: +(1)Ulviye YalcInkaya, Uludag University Medical School, Department of Surgical +Pathology, Gorukle, 16059 Bursa, Turkey, e-mail: drulviyeyalcinkaya@gmail.com. + +Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign tumor with a tendency for local +recurrence. GCTB may cause lung metastases, and secondary malignant GCTB is rare. +Its histological appearance does not predict local aggressiveness and/or the +metastatic potential of the tumor. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value +of the Ki-67 proliferative index and p53 protein expression in GCTB in predicting +local recurrence, lung metastasis, and malignant transformation. We +retrospectively reviewed 42 cases of GCTB. The p53 expression was positive in 20 +cases. We used 10% as a cut-off value for p53 expression. In 10 cases, there were +local recurrences. Lung metastases were found in three cases and malignant +transformation was found in one case with classical GCTB located in the sacrum +three years following diagnosis. The Ki-67 index was higher in cases with +recurrence, but this difference was not statistically significant. Of the +recurrent cases, two had no p53 staining while eight had moderate-to-strong +staining. The staining was usually weakly positive in the non-recurrent cases. In +conclusion, we believe that p53 may be used as a marker for the biological +behavior of GCTB. + + +PMID: 27003771 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +314. Hum Pathol. 2016 Apr;50:170-5. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.043. Epub 2015 Dec +18. + +p16 expression predicts neoadjuvant tumor necrosis in osteosarcomas: reappraisal +with a larger series using whole sections. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Ardic F(2), Karslioglu Y(3), Kandemir O(2), Ozcan A(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06230 +Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: dokemal@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training +and Research Hospital, 06200 Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, 06010 Ankara, +Turkey. + +The presence of greater than or equal to 90% necrosis after neoadjuvant +chemotherapy is a favorable prognostic factor in osteosarcomas. A recent study +using tissue microarrays of 40 conventional osteosarcomas showed that p16 +expression independently predicted the necrotic response to neoadjuvant +chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated this finding using whole sections in +a larger group of osteosarcomas. Cases of 83 patients who had pretreatment +biopsies and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection were +collected from 3 reference hospital archives. Age, sex, tumor size, tumor +subtype, location, and percentage of tumor necrosis were recorded; 4-μm sections +from pretreatment biopsies were stained for p16. More than 30% strong nuclear +staining was regarded as positive. The median age was 17 years (5-68 years), and +male/female ratio was 2.3. The mean tumor diameter was 9.9 cm (2-30 cm). Tumors +were most commonly of the osteoblastic type (60%) and located at the femur (47%). +p16 positivity was seen in 66% of the patients. The median pathologic necrosis +was 65%, and 39% of the patients responded favorably (≥%90 necrosis) to +neoadjuvant therapy. In univariate analysis, p16 expression significantly +correlated with greater than or equal to 90% response (P = .022). On multivariate +analysis, p16 expression (odds ratio [OR], 7.71; P = .008), female sex (OR, 8.62; +P = .006), and smaller tumor size (OR, 0.86; P = .023) were independent +predictors of favorable response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We confirmed the +finding that p16 expression predicts postchemotherapy necrotic response in +conventional osteosarcomas. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.043 +PMID: 26997452 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +315. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Jun;44(6):535-7. doi: 10.1002/dc.23471. Epub 2016 Mar 16. + +Amelanotic malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix diagnosed by cervical smear. + +Arık D(1), Öge T(2), Kabukçuoğlu S(1), Yalçın ÖT(2), Özalp S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, +Eskisehir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir +Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey. + +The melanocytic cells of the cervical epithelium are capable of forming the +complete spectrum of melanocytic lesions, from benign lentigines to melanoma. +Primary malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix is a rare neoplasm with +aggressive behavior. The absence of melanin pigment can lead to misdiagnosis as +carcinomas, sarcomas, or lymphoma. Immunohistochemical studies should be used for +confirmation. In order to consent the cervix as a primary site, exclusion of any +other probable primary sites of melanoma is needed. Here, we present a +61-year-old female patient with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. After cervical +smear, diagnosis was confirmed by cervical punch biopsy. Diagn. Cytopathol. +2016;44:535-537. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23471 +PMID: 26991516 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +316. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:5930589. doi: 10.1155/2016/5930589. Epub 2016 Feb 17. + +Soluble TNF-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis as a New Marker in Preeclampsia: A +Pilot Clinical Study. + +Yildirim ZK(1), Sumnu A(2), Bademler N(1), Kilic E(3), Sumnu G(4), Karadag S(5), +Gursu M(6), Ozel A(1), Batmaz G(1), Ates S(1), Dane B(1), Ozturk S(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakif +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Nephrology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakif University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haseki Training and Research +Hospital, Turkey. +(5)Department of Nephrology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(6)Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakif University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: All findings of preeclampsia appear as the clinical consequences of +diffuse endothelial dysfunction. Soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer +of apoptosis (sTWEAK) was recently introduced as a TNF related cytokine in +various inflammatory and noninflammatory disorders. sTWEAK was found to be +related to endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. In +our study we aimed to compare sTWEAK levels in women with preeclampsia to +corresponding levels in a healthy pregnant control group. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was undertaken with 33 patients with +preeclampsia and 33 normal pregnant women. The concentration of sTWEAK in serum +was calculated with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. +RESULTS: Serum creatinine, uric acid, LDH levels, and uPCR were significantly +higher in the patient group compared to the control group. sTWEAK levels were +significantly lower in preeclamptic patients (332 ± 144 pg/mL) than in control +subjects (412 ± 166 pg/mL) (p = 0.04). +DISCUSSION: Our study demonstrates that sTWEAK is decreased in patients with +preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnant women. There is a need for further +studies to identify the role of sTWEAK in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and to +determine whether it can be regarded as a predictor of the development of +preeclampsia. + +DOI: 10.1155/2016/5930589 +PMCID: PMC4773523 +PMID: 26989294 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +317. Hum Pathol. 2016 Jul;53:8-13. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.02.009. Epub 2016 Mar +10. + +Detection of TERT promoter mutations in primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary +bladder. + +Cowan ML(1), Springer S(2), Nguyen D(1), Taheri D(1), Guner G(1), Mendoza +Rodriguez MA(1), Wang Y(3), Kinde I(3), Del Carmen Rodriguez Pena M(1), +VandenBussche CJ(1), Olson MT(1), Cunha I(4), Fujita K(5), Ertoy D(6), Kinzler +K(2), Bivalacqua T(7), Papadopoulos N(2), Vogelstein B(2), Netto GJ(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287. +(2)Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287; Sidney +Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231. +(3)Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21231. +(4)AC Camargo Cancer Centre, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 01509-010. +(5)Department of Urology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 565-0871. +(6)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey 06100. +(7)Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287. +(8)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287; +Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287. Electronic +address: gnetto1@jhmi.edu. + +TERT promoter mutations (TERT-mut) have been detected in 60% to 80% of urothelial +carcinomas. A molecular urine-based screening assay for the detection of TERT-mut +is currently being pursued by our group and others. A small but significant +number of bladder carcinomas are adenocarcinoma. The current study assesses the +incidence of TERT-mut in primary adenocarcinomas of urinary bladder. A +retrospective search of our institutional pathology records identified 23 +cystectomy specimens with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma (2000-2014). All slides +were reviewed by a senior urologic pathologist to confirm tumor type and select a +representative formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded block for mutational analysis. +Adequate material for DNA testing was available in 14 cases (7 enteric type and 7 +not otherwise specified). TERT-mut sequencing analysis was performed using +previously described SafeSeq technique. Overall, 28.5% of primary adenocarcinoma +harbored TERT-mut. Interestingly, 57% of nonenteric adenocarcinomas were mutation +positive, whereas none of the enteric-type tumors harbored mutations. Similar to +urothelial carcinoma, we found a relatively higher rate of TERT-mut among +nonenteric-type adenocarcinomas further supporting the potential utility of +TERT-mut urine-based screening assay for bladder cancer. + +Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.02.009 +PMCID: PMC5561423 +PMID: 26980028 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +318. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016 Jun;40(6):836-46. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000634. + +Clinicopathologic Characterization of Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia +Involving Different Tissue Sites. + +Gao LM(1), Zhao S, Liu WP, Zhang WY, Li GD, Küçük C, Hu XZ, Chan WC, Tang Y, Ding +WS, Yan JQ, Yao WQ, Wang JC. + +Author information: +(1)*Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, +China †Department of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA ‡İzmir +International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-izmir) §Department of Medical +Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey. + +Aggressive natural killer cell leukemia (ANKL) is a rare disease with an +extremely aggressive clinical course. The etiology of ANKL is unclear with few +genetic/epigenetic aberrations described to date. Moreover, misdiagnosis of ANKL +is a frequent problem. Clinicopathologic characteristics of 35 retrospective +cases of ANKL were investigated with the aim of improving diagnosis and to find +the genetic/epigenetic aberrations associated with ANKL etiology. Because of the +relatively low number of leukemic cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, +diagnosis of ANKL can be missed; therefore, it is important to perform biopsy on +solid tissues, if necessary. We describe the pathology of ANKL in the lymph +nodes, bone marrow, spleen, liver, and skin, with focus on diagnosis and +differentiated diagnosis. We observed young male predominance in our cohort, and +the clinical course was more aggressive than reported previously. Low lactate +dehydrogenase (<712 IU/L), chemotherapy or L-asparaginase administration were +found to be associated with more favorable outcomes. SH2 domains of STAT5B and +STAT3 also were screened for the presence of activating mutations. Moreover, CpG +island methylation status of HACE1, a candidate tumor-suppressor gene, was +determined in ANKL samples. We observed activating STAT5B mutations (1/5) and +hypermethylation of HACE1 (3/4) in ANKL cases, suggesting that these aberrations +may contribute to ANKL pathogenesis. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000634 +PMID: 26975038 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +319. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 May;212(5):450-5. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.021. Epub +2016 Feb 27. + +The role of immunohistochemical adrenomedullin and Bcl-2 expression in +development of type-1 endometrial adenocarcinoma: Adrenomedullin expression in +endometrium. + +Bozkurt KK(1), Yalçın Y(2), Erdemoğlu E(3), Tatar B(4), Erdemoğlu E(5), Çerçi +SS(6), Çiriş İM(7), Başpınar Ş(8), Uğuz A(9), Kapucuoğlu N(10). + +Author information: +(1)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: kemalkbozkurt@hotmail.com. +(2)Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecologic +Oncology, Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: dryakupyalcin@gmail.com. +(3)Isparta Maternity Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isparta, +Turkey. Electronic address: ebru.md@hotmail.com. +(4)Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecologic +Oncology, Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: buraktatar@yahoo.com. +(5)Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecologic +Oncology, Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: evrimmd@yahoo.com. +(6)Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear +Medicine, Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: sureyyacerci@hotmail.com. +(7)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: metin@metinciris.com.tr. +(8)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: sirinbaspinar@gmail.com. +(9)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: afifenalinci@hotmail.com. +(10)Acıbadem Maslak Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. +Electronic address: nilgunkap@hotmail.com. + +BACKGROUND: Adrenomedullin (AM) is a pluripotent peptide first discovered from +human pheochromocytoma. AM expression has been shown in various cancer types +including endometrium cancer. Bcl-2 is an antiapoptotic protein which might be +regulated by AM in hypoxic conditions. The aim of the present study was to +investigate the role of AM and Bcl-2 expressions in carcinogenesis of type-1 +endometrium cancer. +MATERIALS AND METHOD: Study group consisted of 10 proliferative endometrium, 22 +simple endometrial hyperplasia, 23 endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) +and 30 Grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients. AM and Bcl-2 expressions +were investigated by immunohistochemistry. +RESULTS: Mean AM Allred score was 3±2.6, 5.6±1.6 and 5.7±2.5 in benign, EIN and +adenocarcinoma groups, respectively. AM expression was significantly higher in +EIN and adenocarcinoma groups than in benign endometrium group (p<0.05). Mean +Bcl-2 Allred score was 6.4±2.1, 5.2±2.6, 2.3±2 in benign endometrium, EIN and +adenocarcinoma groups, respectively. Mean Bcl-2 Allred score was similar between +benign endometrium and EIN groups (p>0.05). However, it was significantly lower +in adenocarcinoma group (p<0.05). An inverse correlation between AM and Bcl-2 +expressions was found (r: -0.4, p<0.001). +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that AM expression increased in progression from +benign endometrium to EIN and type-1 adenocarcinoma while expression of Bcl-2 +decreased in transition from EIN to carcinoma. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.021 +PMID: 26972419 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +320. Mod Pathol. 2016 May;29(5):511-5. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.53. Epub 2016 Mar +11. + +High prevalence of TERT promoter mutations in primary squamous cell carcinoma of +the urinary bladder. + +Cowan M(1), Springer S(2)(3), Nguyen D(1), Taheri D(1), Guner G(1), Rodriguez +MA(1), Wang Y(3), Kinde I(3), VandenBussche CJ(1), Olson MT(1), Cunha I(4), +Fujita K(5), Ertoy D(6), Bivalacqua TJ(7), Kinzler K(2)(3), Vogelstein B(2)(3), +Netto GJ(1)(7), Papadopoulos N(2)(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. +(2)Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. +(3)The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer +Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. +(4)AC Camargo Cancer Centre, Sao Paulo, Brazil. +(5)Department of Urology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. +(6)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Departments of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. + +TERT promoter mutations (TERT-mut) are detectable in the majority of urothelial +carcinomas. The detection of TERT-mut in urine is under investigation as a +potential urine-based molecular-screening assay for bladder cancer. A small but +significant number of bladder carcinomas are pure squamous cell carcinoma. We +sought to assess the incidence of TERT-mut in squamous cell carcinoma of the +urinary bladder. A retrospective search of the institutional pathology archives +yielded 15 cystectomy specimens performed for squamous cell carcinoma +(2000-2014). Histologic slides were reviewed by a senior urologic pathologist to +confirm the diagnosis and select a representative formalin-fixed +paraffin-embedded tissue block for mutational analysis. All cases yielded +adequate material for DNA analysis. Sequencing for TERT-mut was performed using +previously described SafeSeq technique. We detected TERT-mut in 12/15 (80%) of +bladder squamous cell carcinomas. TERT promoter mutations, commonly found in +conventional urothelial carcinoma, are also highly prevalent in urinary bladder +squamous cell carcinoma suggesting a common tumorigenesis and potential utility +as a molecular urine-based-screening assay. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.53 +PMCID: PMC5564297 +PMID: 26965579 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +321. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jan-Mar;59(1):126-7. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.178238. + +Pregnancy-like hyperplasia and cystic hypersecretory changes adjacent to +metaplastic carcinoma of the breast. + +Kelten C(1), Boyaci C, Leblebici C, Trabulus DC, Nazli MA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.178238 +PMID: 26960660 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +322. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jan-Mar;59(1):41-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.178220. + +C-MYC and BCL2 translocation frequency in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas: A study +of 97 patients. + +Akkaya B(1), Salim O, Akkaya H, Ozcan M, Yucel OK, Erdem R, Iltar U, Undar L. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. + +PURPOSE: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin +lymphoma with marked biologic heterogeneity. MYC and BCL2 rearrangements have +been reported in a proportion of DLBCLs, where they may be associated with an +adverse clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of +MYC and BCL2 translocations in DLBCL and assess the prognostic impact in DLBCL +patients. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, we evaluated the expression patterns +of CD 10, BCL6, and MUM 1 by immunohistochemistry in 121 cases with DLBCL in +tissue microarray (TMA): 62 cases in germinal center B-cells (GCBs); and 59 cases +in activated B-cells (ABCs) of which 60 were females and 61 were males. MYC and +BCL2 rearrangements were investigated by interphase fluorescence in situ +hybridization on TMAs in 97 DLBCLs. +RESULT: MYC rearrangements were observed in 11 of 97 cases. There was no +association with other clinical features, including age, sex, and +nodal/extranodal disease. MYC rearrangement was associated with significantly +worse overall survival (P < 0.01). BCL2 rearrangements were observed in 14 of 97 +cases. There was no association with other clinical features including age and +sex. BCL2 rearrangement had a worse outcome (P < 0.01). MYC and BCL2 +rearrangements were observed in 3 of 97 cases with the age of  53 (female), 53, +63 years old, respectively, died in 24, 18, and 35 months after the diagnosis. +Two cases had primary nodal and one case primary extranodal presentations. All +these patients had stage IV disease. +CONCLUSION: We concluded that C-MYC and BCL2 may contribute to aggressive +transformation, and more mechanism-based therapy should be explored. Targeted +therapies involving these rearrangements and its associated pathways may change +the fate of DLBCLs. Analysis of MYC gene rearrangement along with BCL2 is +critical in the identification of high-risk patients with poor prognosis. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.178220 +PMID: 26960633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +323. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2016 Jan-Mar;59(1):35-40. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.178219. + +Prognostic impact of epidermal growth factor receptor on clear cell renal cell +carcinoma: Does it change with different expression patterns? + +Kankaya D(1), Kiremitci S, Tulunay O, Baltaci S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medical, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess whether epidermal growth factor +receptor (EGFR) overexpression was a significant prognostic factor in clear cell +renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) and whether its prognostic significance was affected +by immunohistochemical expression patterns. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was performed on 100 cases of CRCC +using an antibody against EGFR. Tumors were grouped by nuclear grade (NG) as +low-NG (NG1, 2) or high NG (NG3, 4), and by pathological stage as localized (pT1, +2), or locally invasive (pT3, 4). Clinical disease was grouped by clinical stage +as early stage (stage I, II), or late stage (stage III, IV). Evaluation of the +EGFR overexpression was based on cytoplasmic (EGFR Cyt), and membranous (EGFR +Mem) staining. +RESULTS: EGFR Cyt correlated with high NG (P = 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (P += 0.028), regional lymph node involvement (P = 0.027), metastasis (P = 0.001), +late stage (P = 0.003), cancer-specific death (P = 0.036), and was a predictor +for disease-specific survival (P = 0.012) whereas EGFR Mem correlated with only +local invasion (P = 0.021) and perirenal invasion (P = 0.009) and did not show +any correlation with cancer-specific death or disease specific survival. +CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that EGFR overexpression is an important +prognostic factor in CRCC, and its prognostic value differs significantly with +respect to the location of EGFR immunostaining. This prognostic difference may +give direction on the management and treatment of CRCC patients. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.178219 +PMID: 26960632 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +324. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2016 May-Jun;25(3):232-236. doi: +10.1016/j.carpath.2016.02.002. Epub 2016 Feb 12. + +Altered expression of micro-RNA 199a and increased levels of cardiac SIRT1 +protein are associated with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation after coronary +artery bypass graft surgery. + +Yamac AH(1), Kucukbuzcu S(1), Ozansoy M(2), Gok O(3), Oz K(4), Erturk M(5), +Yilmaz E(5), Ersoy B(4), Zeybek R(6), Goktekin O(1), Kilic U(7). + +Author information: +(1)Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Istanbul Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and +Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Istanbul Medipol University, Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Mehmet Akif Ersoy Heart Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Mehmet Akif Ersoy Heart Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Bezmialem Vakif University, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(7)Istanbul Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical +Biology and Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: uckilic@yahoo.com. + +BACKGROUND: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a potentially +life-threatening complication after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. +The expression of the cardioprotective SIRT1 protein with its antioxidant +activity is increased in cardiac tissue of patients suffering from POAF. So far, +information is lacking about the relationship between SIRT1 regulating micro RNAs +(miRs), SIRT1 protein and the occurrence of POAF. +METHODS: A total of 63 patients undergoing CABG were recruited, and biopsies were +obtained from the right atrial appendage during cannulation. Postoperative, all +patients were rhythm-monitored until discharge and randomized to POAF (n=20) or +sinus rhythm (n=43). The expression of the micro RNAs miR-199a and miR-195 was +quantified by real-time PCR. SIRT1 protein was detected by western blot analysis. +RESULTS: The relative expression of miR-199a in the POAF group was significantly +decreased compared to the control group (0.77±0.27 vs. 1.11±0.69, P=.022) +Accordingly, SIRT 1 protein was significantly induced in tissue probes of +patients with POAF (P<.001). +CONCLUSION: Altered expression of the SIRT1 protein regulating miR-199a in human +atrial tissue was found to be related to the occurrence of POAF, indicating its +usefulness as a biomarker for cardiac surgery management. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2016.02.002 +PMID: 26952538 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +325. Endocr Pathol. 2016 Jun;27(2):153-61. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9420-0. + +Classic Architecture with Multicentricity and Local Recurrence, and Absence of +TERT Promoter Mutations are Correlates of BRAF (V600E) Harboring Pediatric +Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas. + +Onder S(1), Ozturk Sari S(2), Yegen G(2), Sormaz IC(3), Yilmaz I(4), Poyrazoglu +S(5), Sanlı Y(6), Giles Senyurek Y(3), Kapran Y(2), Mete O(7)(8)(9). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. semen_yesil@yahoo.com.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. +ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(8)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, +Toronto, ON, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. +(9)Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, +Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca. + +This study is aimed to investigate the BRAF (V600E) and TERT promoter mutation +profile of 50 pediatric papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) to refine their +clinicopathological correlates. The median age at the time of surgery was +16 years (range, 6-18). No TERT promoter mutations were identified in this +series. The BRAF (V600E) mutation was present in 15 (30 %) tumors. From +genotype-histologic variant correlation perspective, 13 of 24 classic variant +PTCs and 2 of 7 diffuse sclerosing variant PTCs were found to harbor BRAF (V600E) +mutation. One cribriform-morular variant, 3 solid variant, and 15 follicular +variant PTCs were BRAF wild type. While tumors with distant metastasis were BRAF +wild type, two of five tumors with extrathyroidal extension (ETE) harbored BRAF +(V600E) mutation. Nine of 15 BRAF (V600E) harboring tumors had central lymph node +metastases. There was no significant correlation with BRAF (V600E) mutation and +age, gender, tumor size, ETE, central lymph node metastasis, the status of pT, +pN1a-b, and distant metastasis. An adverse correlation between BRAF (V600E) +mutation and disease-free survival (DFS) was noted in the entire cohort; however, +the predictive value of BRAF (V600E) mutation disappeared within the group of +tumors displaying classic architecture as well as classic variant PTCs. The +present cohort identifies that the classic architecture with multicentricity and +local recurrence are correlates of BRAF (V600E) harboring pediatric PTCs. While +the small size of this cohort is one of the limitations, neither the BRAF +mutation status nor the classic tumor architecture does seem to be an independent +prognosticator of DFS in this series. Evidence also suggests that TERT promoter +mutations do not seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of pediatric PTCs. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-016-9420-0 +PMID: 26951110 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +326. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 May;212(5):437-43. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.017. Epub +2016 Feb 17. + +Protective effects of Nigella sativa on gamma radiation-induced jejunal mucosal +damage in rats. + +Orhon ZN(1), Uzal C(2), Kanter M(3), Erboga M(4), Demiroglu M(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul Medeniyet University +Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, +Edirne, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: mkanter65@yahoo.com. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal +University, Tekirdağ, Turkey. +(5)Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University +Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Nigella sativa +in protection of jejunal mucosa against harmful effects of gamma radiation. +METHODS: Radiotherapy group received abdominal gamma radiation of 15Gy in +addition to physiological saline. Radiotherapy+Nigella sativa treatment group +received abdominal gamma radiation of 15Gy in addition to Nigella sativa +treatment in the amount of 400mg/kg. Radiotherapy and treatment groups were +sacrificed 3 days after the exposure to irradiation. Then, jejunum samples were +harvested for biochemical and histological assessment of mucosal injury. +RESULTS: Nigella sativa treatment was found to significantly lower elevated +tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and, to raise reduced glutathione peroxidase +(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in intestinal tissues samples. +Single dose 15Gy gamma-irradiation was noted to result in a marked jejunal +mucosal injury. Three days after exposure to irradiation, the villi and +Lieberkühn crypts were observed as denuded, and villous height diminished. +Concomitantly with inflammatory cell invasion, capillary congestion and +ulceration were observed in the atrophic mucosa. Nigella sativa treatment +significantly attenuated the radiation induced morphological changes in the +irradiated rat jejunal mucosa. +CONCLUSION: Nigella sativa has protective effects against radiation-induced +damage, suggesting that clinical transfer is feasible. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.017 +PMID: 26944830 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +327. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(3):143-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1142033. Epub +2016 Mar 4. + +Retrospective Evaluation of Children with Congenital Pulmonary Airway +Malformation: A Single Center Experience of 20 Years. + +Ortac R(1), Diniz G(2), Yildirim HT(3), Aktas S(4), Karaca I(5). + +Author information: +(1)a Pathology Department , Izmir University Medical Park Hospital , Izmir , +Turkey. +(2)b Pathology Department , İzmir Tepecik Hospital , Izmir , Turkey. +(3)c Pathology Department , İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital , Izmir , +Turkey. +(4)d Basic Oncology Department , İzmir Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir , Turkey. +(5)e Pediatric Surgery Department , İzmir University Medical Park Hospital , +Izmir , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is an uncommon +congenital abnormality of the lungs that generally presents during prenatal +period or early childhood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate clinical and +pathologic findings of the children with CPAMs who were referred to our center +between 1992 and 2011. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 19 children with CPAM, who were diagnosed and +treated at the Izmir Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital between 1992 and 2011. All +of them are alive and have been still followed up by our center. +RESULTS: The study population consisted of 9 boys (47.4%) and 10 girls (52.6%) +with a mean age of 3.26 (1 month - 13 years). Most newborns had respiratory +distress, while recurrent pulmonary infections were detected in older children. +Surgical treatment was performed on patients with subtypes I (n = 4; 21.1%), II +(n = 8; 42.1%), III (n = 5; 26.3%), and IV (n = 2; 10.5%). In 13 cases (63.4%), +lesions were located in the right lung and in almost all cases lesions were +confined to one lobe. A one-month- old child with type I CPAM had multiple +lesions involving two lobes and in only a newborn with type II CPAM, lesions were +located bilaterally. There was no type 0 cases in this series. All cases were +treated with lobectomy without any complication. +CONCLUSION: In the present study, a realistic comprehensive picture of CPAM in a +central children's hospital has been provided. In addition, we want to emphasize +that complications and unnecessary medical treatment could be reduced with early +surgery. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2016.1142033 +PMID: 26942995 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +328. Histol Histopathol. 2016 Aug;31(8):841-55. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-752. Epub 2016 Mar +4. + +MIR376 family and cancer. + +Tekirdag KA(1), Akkoc Y(1), Kosar A(2), Gozuacik D(3). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology Genetics and +Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, Orhanli-Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Mechatronics Engineering Program, +Sabanci University, Orhanli-Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology Genetics and +Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, Orhanli-Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey. +dgozuacik@sabanciuniv.edu. + +MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding small RNAs that negatively regulate +gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They have been implicated in +several fundamental biological processes including development, differentiation, +apoptosis and stem cell maintenance. There is increasing evidence that microRNAs +also play roles in cellular transformation and carcinogenesis by acting either as +tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Recent studies introduced MIR376 as an important +microRNA family for cancer formation and progression. The MIR376 family is +located on human chromosome 14 and it has several members containing identical or +similar seed sequences. Biological roles of family members were studied in +different cancer settings, including gliomas, leukemia, breast and ovarian +cancers. Furthermore, two MIR376 family members, namely MIR376A and MIR376B were +implicated in the regulation of macroautophagy (autophagy herein). Since +autophagy dysregulation underlies various diseases including cancer, it is +essential to understand the role of the MIR376 family in this context. In this +article, we summarize the miRNA-cancer connection, and review accumulating data +about the involvement of the MIR376 family in cancer biology. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-752 +PMID: 26940843 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +329. Int J Surg Pathol. 2016 Aug;24(5):468-72. doi: 10.1177/1066896916635817. Epub +2016 Mar 1. + +Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Arising in a Lymph Node Metastasis of a Testicular +Teratoma: A Very Rare Occurrence. + +Ozturk Sari S(1), Ozluk Y(2), Taskin OC(2), Polat B(2), Ozturk I(2), Ekenel M(2), +Kilicaslan I(2), Bilgic B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey suleozturksari@gmail.com. +(2)Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +We present a case of a teratoma with somatic type malignancy (TSM) in the form of +papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) within supraclavicular and retroperitoneal +lymph node metastases of a testicular pure teratoma. Resection of both masses +revealed a teratoma without any other germ cell tumor component. A papillary +carcinoma component was also detected intermingled with the teratomatous +elements. The carcinoma cells displayed eosinophilic cytoplasm and prominent +nucleoli. Groups of foamy histiocytes in the fibrovascular cores was a striking +finding that brought pRCC to mind. Immunoreactivity for CK7, PAX8, AMACR, CD10, +napsin, and vimentin along with morphologic findings confirmed renal cell +differentiation. No radiological evidence of a primary renal cell carcinoma was +found in the kidney. Consequently, pRCC arising in a teratoma was diagnosed. TSM +is described as teratoma with a malignant component that is typically encountered +in other organs and tissues. TSM in the form of pRCC is an extremely rare entity. +Our case is the second example of a testicular germ cell tumor metastasis with a +somatic malignancy in the form of pRCC. In conclusion, carcinomas of renal cell +differentiation should be kept in mind as a rare form of TSM, especially in +metastatic germ cell tumors. + +© The Author(s) 2016. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896916635817 +PMID: 26936856 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +330. Endocr Pathol. 2016 Jun;27(2):162-70. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9424-9. + +The Impact of Phosphohistone-H3-Assisted Mitotic Count and Ki67 Score in the +Determination of Tumor Grade and Prediction of Distant Metastasis in +Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. + +Ozturk Sari S(1), Taskin OC(2), Gundogdu G(2), Yegen G(2), Onder S(2), Keskin +M(3), Saglam S(4), Ozluk Y(2), Gulluoglu M(2), Mete O(5)(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. suleozturksari@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Oncology, University of Bilim, Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. +(6)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, +Toronto, ON, Canada. + +This study investigated the impact of phosphohistone-H3 (PHH3)-assisted mitotic +count by comparing its performance with conventional mitotic count and Ki67 score +as well as the status of distant metastasis. A total of 43 surgically resected +pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNET) with complete follow-up information has +been subjected to a standardized assessment with respect to mitotic count (both +conventional and PHH3-assisted) and Ki67 score. Five participants assessed +mitotic count and the time spent was recorded in both methods. All tumors were +assigned to a G1 category of mitotic rate on conventional mitotic count that +failed to identify three tumors with a G2 category of mitotic rate on PHH3. +Near-perfect and fair agreements were achieved among observers when using PHH3 +and conventional method, respectively. The mean time spent to determine mitotic +count on PHH3-stained slides was significantly shorter (p < 0.001). The +performance of PHH3-assisted mitotic grade category was significant as the three +cases with a G2 mitotic category were associated with distant metastasis +(p = 0.01). Despite its performance, the PHH3-assisted mitotic count downgraded +17 cases that were classified as G2 based on Ki67 scores in this series. The Ki67 +grade category was either the same or higher than the mitotic grade category. Ten +patients developed distant metastasis. Eleven tumors exhibited vascular invasion +characterized by intravascular tumor cells admixed with thrombus. Our results +indicate that PHH3-assisted mitotic count facilitates an accurate mitotic count +with a perfect agreement among observers. The small size of this cohort is an +important limitation of the current study, a G2 mitotic grade category based on +PHH3 immunohistochemistry was one of the correlates of panNETs with distant +metastasis. While the prognostic impact of PHH3-assisted mitotic count needs to +be clarified in larger cohorts, Ki67 scores designated higher grade category in +all cases; thus, it was the best determinant of the tumor grade. More +importantly, the presence of vascular invasion along with the Ki67 grade category +was found to be independent predictors of distant metastasis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-016-9424-9 +PMID: 26936845 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +331. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 May;44(5):394-8. doi: 10.1002/dc.23456. Epub 2016 Feb 24. + +Malignancy rate associated with Bethesda category III (AUS/FLUS) with and without +repeat fine needle aspiration biopsy. + +Kuru B(1), Atmaca A(2), Kefeli M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, +Samsun, Turkey. +(2)Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, +Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Selection of nodules for surgery diagnosed as Bethesda category III +[atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined +significance (AUS/FLUS) category] is important. It was aimed to define the +malignancy rates associated with and without repeat fine needle aspiration biopsy +(FNAB) and to define the contribution of repeat FNAB to triage to surgery or +observation in nodules with AUS/FLUS FNAB. +METHODS: The records of all patients with nodules who underwent FNAB and +classified by Bethesda reporting system as AUS/FLUS at their institution were +reviewed. Malignancy rates for patients with AUS/FLUS FNAB with and without +repeat FNAB were calculated. +RESULTS: Of the 582 patients who were classified as AUS/FLUS on initial FNAB, 179 +underwent surgery with an associated malignancy rate of 22.9% (upper boundary). +Risk of malignancy among all patients with AUS/FLUS nodules was 7% (lower +boundary). The upper and lower boundaries of the malignancy rates with and +without repeat FNAB were 38.6% and 15.6% for resected patients, and 13% and 4.6% +for all patients, respectively. Reclassification rate with repeat FNAB was 56%. +CONCLUSION: The findings showed that repeat FNAB for initial AUS/FLUS category +was associated with a significantly increased malignancy rate compared with those +without repeat FNAB. Repeat FNAB could help selection of patients with AUS/FLUS +to triage to surgery. Therefore, repeat FNAB for nodules with AUS/FLUS on initial +FNAB was suggested. + +© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23456 +PMID: 26917413 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +332. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Dec 1;8(12):15919-25. eCollection 2015. + +PAI-1 and TNF-α profiles of adipose tissue in obese cardiovascular disease +patients. + +Bilgic Gazioglu S(1), Akan G(2), Atalar F(2), Erten G(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Immunology, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul +University Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Istanbul Faculty of +Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul, Turkey. + +Obesity as a leading preventable cause of death worldwide is closely linked to +cardiovascular disease (CVD). Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, a +potent inhibitor of plasminogen activation and fibrinolysis, is increased in many +clinical situations associated with high incidence of CVD. In the obesity-linked +elevation of PAI-1, evidence points to TNF-α as an important regulator of PAI-1 +expression in adipose tissue.BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate mediastinal +PAI-1 and TNF-α mRNA levels in adipose tissues (AT) and compare serum levels in +obesity with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). +PATIENTS AND METHODS: Obese patients with (n=37) and without CAD (n=20) were +included in the study. +RESULTS: The serum levels of PAI-1 and TNF-α were significantly higher in obese +patients with CAD compared to obese patients without CAD. PAI-1 mRNA expression +was significantly increased in mediastinal adipose tissue (MAT) of obese patients +with CAD compared to those without CAD, TNF-α mRNA expressions were found to be +higher in EAT (epicardial AT), MAT and SAT (subcutaneous AT) of obese patients +with CAD. +CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated a close direct relationship between TNF-α and +PAI-1. PAI-1 mRNA expression strongly correlated positively with serum TNF-α in +MAT, and TNF-α expressions with PAI-1 serum levels. + + +PMCID: PMC4730077 +PMID: 26884864 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +333. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(2):88-92. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1135494. Epub +2016 Feb 16. + +Sonographic Assessment of the Fetal Penile Development. + +Akpinar F(1), Yilmaz S(1), Akdag Cirik D(1), Kayikcioglu F(1), Dilbaz B(1), Yucel +H(2), Gelisen O(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital , OBGY , +Ankara , Turkey. +(2)b Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital , +Pediatrics , Ankara , Turkey. + +The intrauterine diagnosis of micropenis is an important clue in the discernment +of some syndromes and hormonal deficiencies. In this study, we tried to establish +reference ranges for the fetal penile length and penile width. This prospective +cross-sectional study included 179 healthy singleton male fetus pregnancies that +were between 17 and 37 weeks of gestation. Of these pregnancies, the fetal penile +length and width were measured using trans-abdominal ultrasound. The correlation +coefficients of gestational age with penile measurements were calculated. We +observed that as the gestational age increased both the penile length and width +increased (p < .0001, correlation coefficients R(2) = 0.854 and R(2) = 0.883; +respectively). Reference values of the penile length in the Turkish Population +were similar to previously evaluated populations including English, American and +Israeli populations. The penile width measurement is a convenient way to diagnose +micropenis, but penile width measurement alone might miss some penile +abnormalities including chordee and hypospadias. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1135494 +PMID: 26882047 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +334. Histol Histopathol. 2016 Sep;31(9):1037-47. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-735. Epub 2016 +Feb 15. + +Altered expression of human endogenous retroviruses syncytin-1, syncytin-2 and +their receptors in human normal and gestational diabetic placenta. + +Soygur B(1), Sati L(2), Demir R(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, +Antalya, Turkey. leylasati@yahoo.com. + +INTRODUCTION: Syncytins belong to the Human Endogenous Retrovirus family. The +syncytin-1 receptor, SLC1A5, and syncytin-2 receptor, MFSD2, interact with their +respective syncytin proteins to induce syncytiotrophoblast formation. However, +there is no information about syncytins in gestational diabetic placenta. +Therefore, we studied the expression and localization of syncytins and their +receptors during normal placental development and in gestational diabetic +placenta. +METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and Western-blot methods were performed with +antibodies against syncytin-1, syncytin-2, SLC1A5 and MFSD2 in human first +trimester placental tissues, normal term and gestational diabetic placentas. +Syncytin-1, syncytin-2 and MFSD2 mRNA transcripts were determined by qRT-PCR in +normal and diabetic term placentas. +RESULTS: Cytoplasmic syncytin-1, syncytin-2, SLC1A5 and MFSD2 immunoreactions +were observed in the trophoblastic layers in all placental samples. Some of the +stromal cells showed strong cytoplasmic punctate staining. There were +significantly weak syncytin-2 and MFSD2 immunoreaction intensities in diabetic +placentas by ImageJ analysis, in parallel with decreased syncytin-2 and MFSD2 +proteins in diabetic placentas by Western-blot. Protein expression of SLC1A5 +increased dramatically in early pregnancy compared to term placenta. Syncytin-1, +syncytin-2 and MFSD2 mRNA transcripts showed similar relative expression pattern +by qRT-PCR. +DISCUSSION: Syncytins were localized not only in cytotrophoblast cells and the +basement membrane of the syncytiotrophoblast but also in the apical microvillous +membrane and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblast, and some of the stromal cells and +endothelium. Decreased syncytin-2 and MFSD2 proteins in gestational diabetic +placentas might cause abnormal syncytiotrophoblast formation and possibly be +involved in the pathology. Therefore, our study highlights an important potential +relationship between syncytins and gestational diabetic placenta. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-735 +PMID: 26875564 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +335. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 May;212(5):381-4. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.007. Epub +2016 Feb 4. + +The relation between percentage of immunostained cells and amplification status +in breast cancers with equivocal result for Her2 immunohistochemistry. + +Onguru O(1), Zhang PJ(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, GATA and TUBITAK, Ankara, Turkey; Department of +Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, +Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: onguruo@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania +Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA. + +We analyzed Her2 amplification in breast cancers with equivocal IHC staining to +investigate the significance of percentage of Her2 immunostained tumor cells. We +especially included the breast cancers with complete/incomplete membrane staining +at moderate intensity in less than 10% of the invasive tumor cells. Of 1804 +breast cases, 180 had moderate complete/incomplete membrane Her2 immunostaining. +According to 2013 ASCO/CAP guideline, 124 were in IHC score 2+ and 56 in 1+ +category. The percentage of Her2 immunostained invasive tumor cells were +determined by visual estimation at the time of diagnosis and categorized into +three groups; <10%, 10-50%, and >50% for this review. FISH was performed by dual +DNA probe and data of Her2/cep17 ratio, Her2/cell and Cep17/cell were recorded +applying 2013 ASCO/CAP criteria. There were 22 cases (12.2%) in >50% group, 102 +(56.7%) in 10-50% group, and 56 (31.1%) in <10% group. Overall Her2 amplification +was 25.5%. Her2 was amplified in 12 (54.5%) cases in >50% group; 26 (25.4%) in +10-50% and 8 (14.3%) in <10%. Her2 amplification was more frequent in cancers +with >50% moderately immunostained cells in IHC equivocal group. However, most of +Her2 IHC equivocal breast cancers contain moderate amount (10-50%) of +immunostained cells. Relatively small but non-neglectable number (14%) of cases +in <10% group was Her2 amplified by FISH which approaches to overall incidence of +Her2 overexpression (15-20%) in all breast cancer. Breast cancers with moderate +complete/incomplete membrane Her2 IHC staining in <10% of invasive tumor cells +should be regarded as equivocal and reflex FISH should be performed in these +cases. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.007 +PMID: 26872536 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +336. Cytopathology. 2016 Dec;27(6):507-509. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12308. Epub 2016 Feb 2. + +Atypical Tzanck smear findings in pemphigus vulgaris. + +Aytekin S(1), Göktay F(1), Yaşar Ş(1), Bostan S(1), Güneş P(2), Aker F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12308 +PMID: 26841121 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +337. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2016 Mar;37(1):47-50. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000219. + +Effectiveness of Mortuaries in Turkey: A Questionnaire Study. + +Okdemir E(1), Avşar A, Keten A, Karanfil R. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Council of Forensic Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Office; and †KSU Medical +Faculty, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. + +AIM: The autopsy is an important step in solutions of forensic cases. The design +and effectiveness of mortuaries are of great importance in terms of proper +conduction of death examinations and autopsies. In addition, the safety of +evidence, protection of public and staff health, and the quality of service +offered to relatives of dead people are closely related to the effectiveness of +mortuaries. The aim of this study was to determine whether mortuaries in Turkey +meet international criteria. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen mortuaries were included in the study. The +forensic medicine experts working in these mortuaries were given a questionnaire +composed of questions about standards developed by the National Association of +Medical Examiners (NAME) through the website my.questbase.com. +RESULTS: Most of the mortuaries outside big cities (80%) did not have their own +facilities. All of them could not control the chain of evidence and did not have +a separate well-ventilated autopsy room where they could keep putrefied corpses. +CONCLUSIONS: Most of the mortuaries did not meet most of the NAME criteria. The +mortuaries, especially those in places other than big cities, had some +deficiencies and mishandlings. Autopsy facilities and accessory laboratories +should be enabled to meet NAME accreditation standards. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000219 +PMID: 26837063 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +338. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Nov 1;8(11):15448-53. eCollection 2015. + +Presence of ulceration, but not high risk zone location, correlates with +unfavorable histopathological subtype in facial basal cell carcinoma. + +Yalcin O(1), Sezer E(2), Kabukcuoglu F(1), Kilic AI(1), Sari AG(1), Cerman AA(3), +Altunay IK(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Acibadem University Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Dermatology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has been stratified into low- and +high-risk according to their propensity for local recurrence. Risk factors for +recurrence include histologic subtype, anatomic location (i.e. H-zone of the +face), horizontal diameter, and patient health status. +OBJECTIVE: To assess if favorable (superficial, nodular, adenoid and trabecular) +and unfavorable (infiltrative, morpheaform, micronodular, metatypical, +basosquamous) histopathological subtypes of BCC do correlate with anatomic +location on the face (facial high risk versus non-high risk zones). +METHODS: Histopathological specimens of all facial BCCs, which were +histopathologically diagnosed in the Pathology Department of Şişli Etfal Training +Hospital, between the years 2008 and 2014 were retrospectively studied. +Histopathological aggressive and non-aggressive subtypes as well as the presence +of ulceration were correlated with facial high-risk (i.e. H-zone) and low risk +anatomical locations. +RESULTS: Of 184 BCC of unfavorable subtypes, 101 cases were identified in facial +high-risk anatomical region (H-zone) compared to 83 cases at non H-zone (P = +0.553). On the other hand the ulceration rate was significantly higher for +unfavorable histological subtypes than in the favorable histopathological subtype +group (P = 0.042). Regarding anatomic site, ulceration frequency was not +significantly different for the H-versus non-high risk zones (P = 0.335). +CONCLUSIONS: A correlation of unfavorable histopathological subtype of BCC and +high-risk anatomical location (i.e. H-zone) was not observed in our study. Our +results however confirmed a significantly higher rate of ulceration in the +subgroup of aggressive histopathological BCC forms. Thus, factors other than +histopathological subtype (such as narrow excision margin related to difficult +surgical technique in H-zone, microcirculation, vasculature and host inflammatory +response) may be responsible for the high recurrence rate in facial +H-zone-located BCCs. + + +PMCID: PMC4713699 +PMID: 26823913 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +339. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Nov 1;8(11):15234-9. eCollection 2015. + +Evaluation of peripheral lymphadenopathy with excisional biopsy: six-year +experience. + +Özkan EA(1), Göret CC(2), Özdemir ZT(3), Yanık S(4), Göret NE(5), Doğan M(6), +Cihan FG(7), Akkoca AN(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical, Bozok University Yozgat, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical, Bozok University Yozgat, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Iskenderun State Hospital Hatay, Turkey. +(5)Department of General Surgery, Kartal Dr Lütfü Kırdar Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical, Atatürk University Erzurum, +Turkey. +(7)Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medical, Necmettin Erbakan +University Konya, Turkey. +(8)Department of Family Medicine, Iskenderun State Hospital Hatay, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Lymphadenopathy (LAP) may be the first symptom of many diseases. We +aimed to investigate peripheral LAP results taken by excisional biopsy. +METHODS: Histopathological examination of 185 lymph node biopsy specimens were +evaluated between January 2009 and April 2015 in Istanbul Private Ekin Pathology +Laboratory, retrospectively. +RESULTS: The average age of patients ranged from 1 to 86 was 41.01 ± 20.62 years. +87 of were female, 98 of male. 62 (33.5%) of excisional biopsy materials were +benign lesions and 123 (66.5%) of malignant. Benign lesions were consisted of +reactive hyperplasia, cat-scratch disease, toxoplasmosis, +necrotizing/non-necrotizing granulomatous. Of these patients, 40 had nodes with +reactive hyperplasia (15 female/25 male, mean age: 27.35 y), 14 had necrotizing +granulomatous disease (9 female/5 male, mean age: 39.86 y), 2 non-necrotizing +granulomatous disease (1 female/1 male mean age: 43 y), 4 had cat-scratch disease +(1 female/3 male mean age: 54.25 y), 1 toxoplasmosis (26 y, female), 1 Kikuchi +disease (25 y, female). In the evaluation of malign lesions; 38 were Hodgkin +lymphoma (HL) (20.5%, 17 female/21 male, mean age: 34.89 y) 77 had non-Hodgkin +lymphoma (NHL) (41.6%, 37 female/40 male, mean age: 52.26 y), 8 metastasis (4.3%, +5 female/3 male, mean age: 53.5 y). Reactive LAP observed most common in cervical +region, NHL in axillary-abdomen-inguinal-mediastinum and HL in the +supraclavicular region. +CONCLUSION: Excisional biopsy can be applied safely with minimal morbidity and +mortality and a gold standard diagnostic method for LAP. Although LAP is mostly +related with benign lesions, malignancy should be kept in mind in differential +diagnosis. + + +PMCID: PMC4713658 +PMID: 26823872 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +340. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Nov 1;8(11):14800-5. eCollection 2015. + +Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules: cytologic and histopathologic +correlation of 1096 patients. + +Ugurluoglu C(1), Dobur F(1), Karabagli P(1), Celik ZE(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University Turkey. + +Via routinely used thyroid function tests, scintigraphy and ultrasonography +(USG), important information is obtained in the clinical and diagnostic practice +for thyroid nodules. However, the distinction between benign and malignant +lesions cannot precisely be performed with these tests. Thyroid fine needle +aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is considered the most reliable diagnostic method in the +differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. It has recently +been likely to perform aspiration from deeper nodules via the implemention of +FNAB along with USG. Today, in cytopathological examination of thyroid FNAB, +standardized Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) system +is used. Here, FNAB was performed in 1096 patients with thyroid nodules in the +Medical School of Selcuk University between January 2009 and July 2014. Patients +consisted of 919 women and 177 men between 12 and 87 years of age. Evaluated via +BSRTC, the results were classified as unsatisfactory, benign, atypia (or +follicular lesions) of undetermined significance (AUS), follicular neoplasm or +lesions suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN), suspected malignant and +malignant. After FNAB, 183 patients were operated and evaluated +histopathologically. Histological malignancy rates of the categories were as +follows: 16% (5), 15% (6) 14% (1) 60% (9), 72% (18) and 97% (63), respectively. +In our study, we aimed to compare FNAB results of thyroid nodules with +histopathology results after thyroidectomy and to show the sensitivity and +specificity of FNAB technique to be higher in the follow-up and diagnosis of +thyroid lesions. Given the malignancy detection rate in the follow-up of patients +whose cytology was reported as inadequate, we also consider follow-ups are +important in these patients. + + +PMCID: PMC4713593 +PMID: 26823807 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +341. Virchows Arch. 2016 Apr;468(4):473-81. doi: 10.1007/s00428-016-1909-x. Epub 2016 +Jan 27. + +Consistency in recognizing microinvasion in breast carcinomas is improved by +immunohistochemistry for myoepithelial markers. + +Cserni G(1)(2), Wells CA(3), Kaya H(4), Regitnig P(5), Sapino A(6), Floris +G(7)(8), Decker T(9), Foschini MP(10), van Diest PJ(11), Grabau D(12), Reiner +A(13), DeGaetano J(14), Chmielik E(15), Cordoba A(16), Andreu X(17), Zolota +V(18), Charafe-Jauffret E(19)(20)(21)(22), Ryska A(23), Varga Z(24), Weingertner +N(25), Bellocq JP(25), Liepniece-Karele I(26), Callagy G(27), Kulka J(28), Bürger +H(29), Figueiredo P(30), Wesseling J(31), Amendoeira I(32), Faverly D(33), Quinn +CM(34), Bianchi S(35). + +Author information: +(1)Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Nyiri ut 38, Kecskemét, 6000, Hungary. +cserni@freemail.hu. +(2)Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Allomás u. 2, Szeged, 6720, +Hungary. cserni@freemail.hu. +(3)Department of Pathology, University College London, Level 2, Rockefeller +Building, 21, University Street, London, WC1E 6JJ, UK. +(4)School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(5)Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036, +Graz, Austria. +(6)Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy, Via Santena, 7, +10120, Torino, Italy. +(7)Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue +Research, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. +(8)Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, +Leuven, Belgium. +(9)German Breast-Screening Program, Reference Centres Berlin and Muenster, +Department of Pathology, Dietrich Bonhoeffer Medical Centre, Allendestraße 30, +17036, Neubrandenburg, Germany. +(10)Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, +University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura 3, 40137, Bologna, Italy. +(11)Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The +Netherlands. +(12)Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund +University, Sölvegatan 25, 221 85, Lund, Sweden. +(13)Pathologisch-Bakteriologisches Institut, Donauspital am SMZO, +Langobardenstraße 122, Vienna, Austria. +(14)Department of Pathology, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, Msida, MSD 2090, +Malta. +(15)Department of Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and +Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland. +(16)Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Irunlarrea 3, +31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. +(17)Department of Pathology. Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, University Autònoma +Barcelona, 08202, Sabadell, Spain. +(18)Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, +Rion, Greece. +(19)CRCM, Molecular Oncology "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Inserm, +U1068, 13009, Marseille, France. +(20)Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009, Marseille, France. +(21)Aix-Marseille Université, 13284, Marseille, France. +(22)Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7258, 13009, Marseille, +France. +(23)The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty +and University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. +(24)Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, +Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091, Zürich, Switzerland. +(25)Department of Pathology, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Hôpital de +Hautepierre, 1 avenue Molière, 67100, Strasbourg Cedex, France. +(26)Pathology Centre, Riga East Clinical University Hospital, Hipokrata St 2, +Riga, LV-1038, Latvia. +(27)Discipline of Pathology, NUI Galway, Clinical Sciences Institute, Costello +Road, Galway, Ireland. +(28)2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Üllői út 93, +Budapest, 1091, Hungary. +(29)Institute of Pathology, Breast Cancer Center Paderborn, Husener Str.46a, +33098, Paderborn, Germany. +(30)Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de +Coimbra FG, Av Bissaia Barreto 98, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal. +(31)Divisions of Diagnostic Oncology & Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer +Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, +the Netherlands. +(32)Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, Centro Hospitalar de São João e IPATIMUP, +4440-563, Porto, Portugal. +(33)CMP-Cerba European Labs, 45A avenue Wybran, 1070, Brussels, Belgium. +(34)Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, +Dublin, Ireland. +(35)Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational +Medicine, AOU Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy. + +Microinvasion is the smallest morphologically identifiable stage of invasion. Its +presence and distinction from in situ carcinoma may have therapeutic +implications, and clinical staging also requires the recognition of this +phenomenon. Microinvasion is established on the basis of several morphological +criteria, which may be difficult and not perfectly reproducible among +pathologists. The aim of this study was to assess the consistency of diagnosing +microinvasion in the breast on traditional haematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained +slides and to evaluate whether immunohistochemistry (IHC) for myoepithelial +markers could improve this. Digital images were generated from representative +areas of 50 cases stained with HE and IHC for myoepithelial markers. Cases were +specifically selected from the spectrum of in situ to microinvasive cancers. +Twenty-eight dedicated breast pathologists assessed these cases at different +magnifications through a web-based platform in two rounds: first HE only and +after a washout period by both HE and IHC. Consistency in the recognition of +microinvasion significantly improved with the use of IHC. Concordance rates +increased from 0.85 to 0.96, kappa from 0.5 to 0.85, the number of cases with +100% agreement rose from 9/50 to 25/50 with IHC and the certainty of diagnosis +also increased. The use of IHC markedly improves the consistency of identifying +microinvasion. This corroborates previous recommendations to use IHC for +myoepithelial markers to clarify cases where uncertainty exists about the +presence of microinvasion. Microinvasive carcinoma is a rare entity, and seeking +a second opinion may avoid overdiagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-1909-x +PMID: 26818833 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +342. J Clin Pathol. 2016 Sep;69(9):810-6. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203320. Epub +2016 Jan 25. + +Imatinib reduces bone marrow fibrosis and overwhelms the adverse prognostic +impact of reticulin formation in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. + +Tanrikulu Simsek E(1), Eskazan AE(2), Cengiz M(3), Ar MC(2), Ekizoglu S(4), +Salihoglu A(2), Gulturk E(2), Elverdi T(2), Ongoren Aydin S(2), Senem Demiroz +A(5), Buyru AN(4), Baslar Z(2), Ozbek U(6), Ferhanoglu B(7), Aydin Y(2), Tuzuner +N(5), Soysal T(2). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pendik Training +and Research Hospital, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of +Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Department of Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine (DETAE), Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(7)Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, +Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +AIMS: Before the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the presence of bone +marrow fibrosis (MF) in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) has been +established as a poor prognostic factor. The aim of the present study was to +evaluate the effects of imatinib treatment on MF and the prognostic significance +of MF at this new era of CML therapy. +METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 135 patients with CML who were exposed to +imatinib. The grades of MF pre and post imatinib together with cytogenetic and +molecular responses were evaluated. +RESULTS: Severe MF (grade II-III) was observed in 44 (33%) patients prior to +imatinib therapy, and in 8 (8%) after 12 months of imatinib treatment (p=0.001). +The complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) rates at 12 months did not differ +according to the pre-imatinib MF grades, and CCyR rates in patients with grades +0, I, II and III MF were 36/47 (76.5%), 26/33 (78.7%), 12/23 (52.1%) and 7/10 +(70%), respectively (p=0.127). There was no significant difference between +patients with or without CCyR at 12 months of imatinib regarding grades of MF +(p=0.785). The distribution of the major molecular response rates at 18 months +according to pre-treatment grades of MF were determined as grade 0 in 38/45 +(84.4%), grade I in 21/28 (75%), grade II in 14/21 (66.6%) and grade III in 7/10 +(70%) (p=0.112). There was no significant difference in overall survival rates +between initial MF mild (grade 0-I) and severe (grade II-III) groups (p=0.278). +CONCLUSIONS: According to our findings, MF regresses with imatinib therapy over +time, and the MF grades at diagnosis do not have a negative impact on the +responses to imatinib treatment. Therefore, the adverse prognostic impact of the +MF among patients with CML seems to disappear in the era of the TKIs. + +Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not +already granted under a licence) please go to +http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ + +DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203320 +PMID: 26811428 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +343. Pathol Oncol Res. 2016 Jul;22(3):593-9. doi: 10.1007/s12253-016-0040-2. Epub 2016 +Jan 21. + +PAX2, PAX8 and CDX2 Expression in Metastatic Mucinous, Primary Ovarian Mucinous +and Seromucinous Tumors and Review of the Literature. + +Ates Ozdemir D(1), Usubutun A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. denizates010@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of gynecologic cancer death. Both +morphologically and immunohistochemically, metastatic mucinous tumors are the +best mimickers of mucinous ovarian tumors; its pathogenesis still remains a +mystery. PAX2 and PAX8 immunohisyochemistries are useful for differentiating +numerous primary tumour types from metastatic ones. There are few studies in +literature about PAX expressions in mucinous and seromucinous tumors. None of +these are takes into account the histologic type (whether it is seromucinous or +mucinous) or the metastatic origin. With this purpose hematoxylin and eosine +slides of ovarian mucinous and seromucinous tumors were re-evaluated and one +block was chosen for each case. The study included 76 ovarian mucinous and +seromucinous tumors of the ovary reported in Hacettepe University department of +pathology between 2000 and 2013. Tissue microarray (TMA) was designed from the +chosen blocks, PAX2, PAX8, CDX2 immunostains was preformed to the TMA slides. As +a result, most of the metastatic cases were negative for PAX2 (91.2 %) and PAX8 +(86.3 %), many were diffusely and strongly positive for CDX2 (68.2 %). +Seromucinous tumors were devoid of CDX2 expression; but all cases (except one) +displayed strong and diffuse positivity with PAX8. In other words differing from +mucinous tumors, seromucinous tumors show strong PAX8 positivity-similar to +serous tumors. This study shows that PAX8 and CDX2 could be useful in +differentiating primary mucinous from metastatic tumor. Furthermore unlike the +homogeneity in seromucinous tumors for PAX8 and CDX2 mucinous tumors shows +heterogeneity with different expression patterns. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0040-2 +PMID: 26797858 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +344. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2016 Jul-Sep;30(3):203-9. doi: +10.1097/WAD.0000000000000135. + +SNP Variation in MicroRNA Biogenesis Pathway Genes as a New Innovation Strategy +for Alzheimer Disease Diagnostics: A Study of 10 Candidate Genes in an +Understudied Population From the Eastern Mediterranean. + +Görücü Yilmaz Ş(1), Erdal ME, Avci Özge A, Sungur MA. + +Author information: +(1)*Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep +University, Gaziantep Departments of †Medical Biology ‡Neurology, Faculty of +Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin §Department of Biostatistics and Medical +Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey. + +Alzheimer disease (AD) is a common complex neurodegenerative disorder accounting +for nearly 50% to 70% of dementias worldwide. Yet the current diagnostic options +for AD are limited. New diagnostic innovation strategies focusing on novel +molecules and pathways are sorely needed. In this connection, microRNAs (miRNAs) +are conserved small noncoding RNAs that regulate posttranscriptional gene +expression and are vital for neuronal development and its functional +sustainability. Conceivably, biological pathways responsible for the biogenesis +of miRNAs represent a veritable set of upstream candidate genes that can be +potentially associated with the AD pathophysiology. Notably, whereas functional +single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA biogenesis pathway genes have +been studied in other complex diseases, surprisingly, virtually no such study has +been conducted on their relevance in AD. Moreover, novel diagnostics identified +in easily accessible peripheral tissues such as the whole blood samples represent +the initial entry or gateway points on the biomarker discovery critical path for +AD. To the best of our knowledge, we report here the first association study of +functional SNPs, as measured by real-time PCR in 10 "upstream" candidate genes +critically situated on the miRNA biogenesis pathway, in a large sample of AD +patients (N=172) and healthy controls (N=109) in a hitherto understudied world +population from the Mersin region of the Eastern Mediterranean. We observed a +significant association between 2 candidate genes and AD, TARBP2 rs784567 +genotype and AD (χ=6.292, P=0.043), and a trend for RNASEN rs10719 genotype +(χ=4.528, P=0.104) and allele (P=0.035). Functional SNP variations in the other 8 +candidate genes (DGCR8, XPO5, RAN, DICER1, AGO1, AGO2, GEMIN3, and GEMIN4) did +not associate with AD in our sample. Given the putative biological importance of +miRNA biogenesis pathways, these emerging data can provide a new foundation to +stimulate future debate and genetic investigations of AD, focusing on new +molecular mechanisms such as miRNA biogenesis, particularly in accessible +peripheral tissues for novel molecular diagnostics for dementia. + +DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000135 +PMID: 26796812 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +345. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016 Jul;45(6):444-9. doi: 10.1111/jop.12386. Epub 2016 Jan +12. + +Melatonin's protective effect on the salivary gland against ionized radiation +damage in rats. + +Cakmak Karaer I(1), Simsek G(2), Yildiz A(3), Vardi N(3), Polat A(4), Tanbek +K(4), Gurocak S(5), Parlakpinar H(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otolaryngology, Malatya State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey. +(2)Department of ENT, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Inonu University, +Malatya, Turkey. +(4)Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Inonu University, +Malatya, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of melatonin on +ionized radiation-induced salivary gland damage using an experimental model. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two rats were randomized into four groups: (i) the +control group (C, n = 8) that received intraperitoneal (i.p.) 0.9% NaCl; (ii) the +melatonin group (M, n = 8) that received i.p. 5 mg/kg melatonin; (iii) the +radiotherapy group (RT, n = 8) that underwent irradiation; (iv) the melatonin +plus radiotherapy group (M+RT, n = 8) that received i.p. 5 mg/kg of melatonin, +followed by irradiation 30 min later; and (v) the radiotherapy plus melatonin +group (RT+M, n = 8) that received irradiation followed by i.p. 5 mg/kg of +melatonin 30 min later. The medications and irradiation were administered for 5 +days and the salivary glands of the rats were excised 10 days later; the +histopathological changes in the salivary glands were assessed and biochemical +analyses were conducted (tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide +dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced +glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), +and oxidative stress index (OSI)). +RESULTS: Regardless of whether melatonin was administered before or after +radiotherapy, melatonin decreased the radiation-induced parotid and submandibular +histological damage. In addition, regardless of whether administration occurred +before or after radiotherapy, melatonin decreased oxidative stress markers, such +as MDA, TOS, and OSI. On the contrary, levels of antioxidative markers, such as +CAT and GPx, were increased by melatonin. +CONCLUSIONS: Melatonin may have a significant protective effect on salivary gland +damage secondary to ionizing radiation. + +© 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12386 +PMID: 26757153 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +346. APMIS. 2016 Apr;124(4):257-62. doi: 10.1111/apm.12499. Epub 2016 Jan 11. + +Significance of amyloid A immunoexpression in the prognosis of renal cell +carcinoma. + +Oz Atalay F(1), Aytac Vuruskan B(1), Vuruskan H(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgical Pathology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, +Bursa, Turkey. +(2)Department of Urology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey. + +The study investigated immunoexpression of amyloid A (AA) in clear cell renal +cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and evaluated its clinicopathologic correlation, +particularly in disease progression. Expression of AA protein was evaluated in +patients with CCRCC by immunohistochemistry. 146 cancerous tissue samples from 86 +male and 60 female patients were studied. The relationship between AA protein +expression and TNM stage, nuclear grade, renal capsule invasion, perirenal +invasion, and survival of the patients were assessed. Thirty four percent of +CCRCC cases were AA positive. The positive AA immunoexpression was related to +higher Fuhrman nuclear grade, presence of perirenal invasion of the tumor, and +poor survival of patients with CCRCC. There was not any statistically significant +difference between patients' gender, status of capsule invasion, and stages of +the tumor in terms of AA immunoexpression. Tumor stage (Hazard ratio (HR) = 7.76 +(95% CI: 2.43-24.8) for stage 3 and HR = 29.9 (95% CI: 6.97-128.32) for stage 4) +and AA immunoexpression (HR = 2.16 (95% CI: 1.01-4.64) were found to be +associated with survival of the patients with CCRCC in Cox regression analysis. +Immunoexpression of AA was increased in high grade CCRCCs. Immunoexpression of AA +was associated with poor survival in patients with CCRCC. Thus, AA staining might +be used as a useful immunohistological marker for the prediction of poor +prognosis in renal cell cancer. + +© 2016 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12499 +PMID: 26750935 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +347. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Feb;20:48-51. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.013. Epub +2015 Dec 2. + +Outcomes of Gleason score 3 + 4 = 7 prostate cancer with minimal amounts (<6%) vs +≥6% of Gleason pattern 4 tissue in needle biopsy specimens. + +Kır G(1), Seneldir H(2), Gumus E(3). + +Author information: +(1)Umraniye Education & Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: +gozkir@yahoo.com. +(2)Umraniye Education & Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: +hkodabas@yahoo.com. +(3)Umraniye Education & Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: +eyupg@superonline.com. + +OBJECTIVE: The International Society of Urological Pathology Gleason grading +system was modified in 2005. Since the modified system was introduced, many +cancers that previously would have been categorized as Gleason score (GS) 6 are +now categorized as GS 7 based on biopsy specimens that only contain minimal +amounts (<6%) of Gleason pattern (GP) 4 tissue. However, the clinical +significance of observing <6% of GP 4 tissue in biopsies of GS 7 prostate cancer +has not been studied. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was based on needle biopsy specimens that were +categorized as GS 6 or GS 7 and were obtained from patients who underwent radical +prostatectomy (RP) with available follow-up data. We assessed the quantity of GP +4 tissue in biopsy specimens of GS 7 prostate cancer. Further, we evaluated the +correlation between the quantity of GP 4 tissue and disease progression after RP. +RESULTS: GP 4 comprising 26-49% of the specimen, GS 4+3 and percentage of total +core tissue scored as positive were significant and independent predictors of +prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure after RP, as assessed using a +multivariate Cox regression model that included the quantity of GP 4 in the +prostate biopsy specimen, preoperative PSA, perineural invasion, clinical stage, +number of positive cores, and percentage of core tissue scored as positive. Cases +with GS 3+3 and cases in which the observed GP 4 area was <6% did not differ +significantly in terms of biochemical PSA recurrence (BPR) status. In contrast, +cases with 6-25% GP 4 tissue, 26-49% GP 4 tissue, and GS 4+3 showed more frequent +BPR than cases with GS 3+3. +CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the quantity of GP 4 tissue in GS 7 cancer has +clinical significance. However, there is a need for larger studies of the +clinical significance of biopsy specimens that include <6% GP 4 tissue. We should +reconsider whether the amount of GP 4 should be included in standart pathology +reports. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.013 +PMID: 26750655 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +348. Histol Histopathol. 2016 Jul;31(7):769-84. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-720. Epub 2016 Jan +8. + +Resveratrol can prevent CCl₄-induced liver injury by inhibiting Notch signaling +pathway. + +Tanriverdi G(1), Kaya-Dagistanli F(2), Ayla S(3), Demirci S(4), Eser M(5), Unal +ZS(6), Cengiz M(7), Oktar H(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa +Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. gamzetanriverdi@gmail.com. +(2)Medical Biology Department, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, +Istanbul, Turkey. fkaya@istanbul.edu.tr. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medipol University Medical Faculty, +Istanbul, Turkey. suleayla@hotmail.com. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa +Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. sibell.demirci@gmail.com. +(5)Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa +Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. medihao@yahoo.com. +(6)Stem Cell Department, IVF-ET Unit, Kocaeli University, Institute of Health +Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. zehraseda@gmail.com. +(7)Medical Biology Department, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, +Istanbul, Turkey. mcengiz@istanbul.edu.tr. +(8)Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa +Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. drhuseyinoktar@gmail.com. + +We investigated whether Notch signaling was increased in an experimental liver +fibrosis model and examined the effects of resveratrol on Notch expression. Rats +were divided into four groups: the control group, injected with physiological +saline; the CCl₄ group; the CCl₄ plus resveratrol group; and the resveratrol +group. After treatment, immunostaining was performed to detect Notch1, Notch3, +Notch4, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), +glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen +(PCNA), and TUNEL assays were performed to evaluate apoptosis. Sirius red +staining was used to detect fibrosis. Samples were also biochemically evaluated +for glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), lipid +peroxidation, and protein oxidation. GSH, GPx, and catalase activities were +significantly decreased (p⟨0.001) in the CCl₄ group. Distinct collagen +accumulation was detected around the central vein and portal areas, and numbers +of Notch1-, Notch3-, and Notch4-positive cells were significantly increased +(p⟨0.001) in fibrotic areas in the CCl₄ group. Increased expression of Notch +proteins in fibrotic areas may support the role of Notch in mediating signaling +associated with liver fibrosis through activation of hepatic stellate and +progenitor cells. In contrast, resveratrol prevented liver fibrosis by decreasing +lipid peroxidation and may be effective for inhibiting Notch signaling. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-720 +PMID: 26742567 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +349. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct 1;8(10):13500-4. eCollection 2015. + +Tumour necrosis factor alpha, ınterleukin 10 and ınterleukin 6 gene polymorphisms +of ıschemic stroke patients ın south Marmara region of Turkey. + +Ozkan A(1), Sılan F(2), Uludağ A(2), Degirmenci Y(3), Ozisik Karaman HI(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Canakkale 18 Mart University Medical Faculty +Canakkale, Turkey. +(2)Department of Genetics, Canakkale 18 Mart University Medical Faculty +Canakkale, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurology, Duzce University Medical Faculty Duzce, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Stroke is an important cause of adult mortality and morbidity; +however its pathogenesis is still unknown. Several studies have examined to +determine the role of genetic polymorphism of proinflammatory cytokines in the +occurence of stroke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship +between three polymorphisms; including tumour necrosis alpha (TNFα)-238 GA, +interleukin( IL-10)-1028 GA (rs1800896), IL-6-(rs1800795) and ischemic stroke in +a Turkish population. +METHODS: Forty two stroke patients and 48 healhty controls were genotyped using +PCR analysis for TNFα-238 G/A, IL-10-1028 GA and IL-6-rs1800795 AG polymorphisms. +RESULTS: The frequency of the CC and CG, GG genotype of IL-6 gene (rs1800795) +were statiscially significiantly higher in IS patients than controls (for C/C +genotype, P=0.03, OR=4.3; 95% CI: 1.13 to 16.29 and for C/G genotype, P=0.04, +OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.03 to 12.95, for G/G genotype, P=0.02, OR=0.25; 95% CI: +0.07-0.85 respectively). +CONCLUSION: Il-6 CC genotyped was found strongly associated with ischemic stroke +than other two polymorpisms TNF-α and IL-10 in our population. + + +PMCID: PMC4680509 +PMID: 26722564 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +350. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct 1;8(10):13458-64. eCollection 2015. + +The investigation of foxe1 variations in papillary thyroid carcinoma. + +Somuncu E(1), Karatas A(2), Ferahman S(2), Saygili N(3), Yilmaz E(3), Ozturk +O(3), Kapan M(2). + +Author information: +(1)General Surgery, Erzincan University, Mengucek Gazi Training Research Hospital +Erzincan, Turkey. +(2)General Surgery, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Molecular Biology, Istanbul University, The Institute of Experimental Medicine +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Recent reports indicated that incidence of thyroid carcinoma is +increasing throughout the worldwide. The aim of our study was to determine a +possible relationship between Forkhead box E1 (FOXE1) gene variants and +histopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. +METHODS: FOXE1 gene variations; rs894673, rs1867277 and rs3758249 were analyzed +in 57 Papillary thyroid carcinoma patients and 51 age matched healthy control +subjects. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique was used to +specifically detect the variations. +RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the distribution of rs894673 +genotypes in Papillary thyroid carcinoma cases (P=0.01). AA genotype presence of +rs1867277 was more significantly associated with several histopathological +parameters such as focal and diffuse capsular invasion, lymphatic invasion, P3 +with P4 tumor grade and surgical margins. AA genotype presence in rs1867277 +variation was significantly associated with the classical variant which is +subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, the presence of the allel A +was found to be related with lymph node invasion risk by 2.46 fold, capsular +invasion risk by 2.97 fold, and pT3 with pT4 pathological stage risk by 4.13 fold +and the presence of allele A in rs1867277 was significantly associated with +classic variants. The presence of allele A in rs1867277 was more significantly +associated with several histopathological parameters in classic variant in +papillary thyroid carcinoma cases such as, the presence of the A allele was found +relationship with lymph node invasion risk by 2.0 fold, capsular invasion risk by +2.39 fold , and pT3 with pT4 pathological stage risk by 3.57 fold. In addition, +AATT, AAAA and GATT haplotypes (rs1867277 and rs894673) were evaluated for +association with papillary thyroid carcinoma cases. Our results indicate that the +significant difference according to two-allele haplotype distribution between +papillary thyroid carcinoma cases and control groups. +CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that FOXE1 variations generate a higher risk for +poor histopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. + + +PMCID: PMC4680502 +PMID: 26722557 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +351. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct 1;8(10):13034-42. eCollection 2015. + +Hyperbaric oxygen treatment ameliorates lung injury in paraquat intoxicated rats. + +Akcılar R(1), Akcılar A(2), Şimşek H(1), Koçak FE(3), Koçak C(4), Yümün G(5), +Bayat Z(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dumlupınar +Kütahya, Turkey. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, University of Dumlupınar, Experimental Animal Research +Center Kütahya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dumlupınar +Kütahya, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dumlupınar +Kütahya, Turkey. +(5)Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namık +Kemal Tekirdağ, Turkey. +(6)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of +Dumlupınar Kütahya, Turkey. + +Paraquat (PQ) is an agrochemical agent commonly used worldwide, which can cause +acute lung injury (ALI) and death. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) is a +therapeutic method, but the mechanisms of the protective effect of HBOT on ALI +remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of HBOT on +acute lung injury induced by PQ in rats. Wistar Albino rats (n=21) were separated +into three groups of seven animals each: control (C), PQ, and PQ + HBOT groups. +20 mg/kg PQ was administered intraperitoneally in PQ and PQ + HBOT groups to +induce experimental lung injury. Three days after PQ treatment, PQ + HBOT group +was administered 100% O2 at 2.0 ATA for 1 hour per day, for five consecutive +days. At the end of the study, lung tissue was obtained for determining total +oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index +(OSI) and histopathological determination. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), +interleukin 6 (IL-6), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth +factor (TGF)-β1 mRNA levels were assessed by quantitative reverse +transcription-polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the inducible nitric oxide +synthase (iNOS) level in the plasma was determined. Plasma iNOS, OSI, tissue +TNF-α, TGF-β1 and bFGF mRNA levels, and histological injury scores in PQ + HBOT +group were significantly lower than PQ group. TAS level in PQ + HBOT group was +significantly higher than PQ group. The findings suggest that HBOT could +effectively ameliorate PQ-induced lung injury in rats. + + +PMCID: PMC4680443 +PMID: 26722498 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +352. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2016;35(1):29-36. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1122128. Epub +2015 Dec 31. + +The Diagnostic Value of Troponin T Level in the Determination of Cardiac Damage +in Perinatal Asphyxia Newborns. + +Yildirim A(1), Ozgen F(1), Ucar B(1), Alatas O(2), Tekin N(3), Kilic Z(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Pediatric Cardiology , Eskisehir Osmangazi University , Eskisehir , Turkey. +(2)b Biochemistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University , Eskisehir , Turkey. +(3)c Neonatology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir , Turkey. + +Perinatal asphyxia is a clinical condition which results from oxygen deprivation +of the fetus or newborn and the breakdown of perfusion in various organs. The aim +of this study was to evaluate and compare troponin T levels over time as a marker +of cardiac injury in cases of perinatal asphyxia and healthy newborns. The study +included a total of 30 newborns diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia with a +gestational age of 32-41 weeks, based on the last menstruation date, and 30 +healthy newborns with a gestational age of 34-40 weeks, as the control group. +Levels of troponin T and creatinin kinase MB were recorded for all participants. +No difference was determined between the groups in terms of gestational age, +manner of birth, electrocardiographic findings, and PaO2 and PaCO2 values. The +umbilical artery pH levels and bicarbonate levels in the study group were found +to be statistically lower than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The +troponin T and creatinin kinase MB levels in the patients in the study group were +higher than those within the control group, at all times. The periods when +specificity and sensitivity were highest together for troponin T were the 12th +and 24th h. Specificity for troponin T reached the highest value at the 24th h +and sensitivity reached the highest value in the cord blood. A positive +correlation was found between the troponin T and creatinin kinase MB values at +the 6th and 12th h. However, no correlation could be found in the blood between +the serum troponin T and creatinin kinase MB levels at the 3rd and 24th h. The +troponin T level is a useful test for showing cardiac damage in hypoxic patients +in the neonatal period. The sensitivity and specificity of cardiac specific +troponin T levels in detecting cardiac damage are much higher according to +telecardiography and electrocardiography, while the implementation of the method +is simple. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1122128 +PMID: 26720305 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +353. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Nov;212(11):1052-1058. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.09.006. +Epub 2016 Oct 21. + +Solid-Pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: A clinicopathological review of +20 cases including rare examples. + +Ersen A(1), Agalar AA(2), Ozer E(2), Agalar C(3), Unek T(3), Egeli T(3), Ozbilgin +M(3), Astarcioglu I(3), Olguner M(4), Obuz F(5), Sagol O(2). + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department,Izmir, +Turkey. Electronic address: aycaersen@gmail.com. +(2)Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department,Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Department, Izmir, +Turkey. +(4)Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Surgery Department, +Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Radiology Department, Izmir, +Turkey. + +AIMS: Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is an uncommon malignant tumor of the +pancreas with a favorable prognosis unlike other pancreatic neoplasms. We +investigated the clinicopathological features of 20 patients with SPN in details. +METHODS: The patients diagnosed as SPN in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital between +January 2005 and March 2016 were reviewed in terms of clinical and +histopathological data. +RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 33. Three of our cases were male and 4 were +children. Some patients had synchronuous malignancies. Nine patients were +diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). One of our tumors had 2×1mm +of pancreas endocrine neoplasm in addition to SPN. One case had foci of atypical +and multinucleated giant cells. All cases were positive for vimentin and CD10 +antibodies and most were positive for PR and β-catenin. The mean follow-up +duration was 40 mo (range 2-110 mo). Only one case showed liver metastasis. +CONCLUSION: Herein we present a series of 20 patients with 3 male and 4 pediatric +cases, almost half of which were diagnosed with FNAC findings, and most of which +are clinically being followed with one patient showing progression. Our series +includes rare examples like collision tumor of SPN and pancreas endocrine +neoplasm, SPN with multinucleated giant cells. Also cases with no surgical +treatment and no progression, as well as cases with synchronous malignancies are +presented. We believe that FNAC findings of any pancreatic mass should be +investigated in detail for the designation of a therapy plan especially for the +patients with high operation risks. The findings in our series also show that +extensive necrosis, angioinvasion, perineurial invasion and larger tumor size +might be predictive for worse prognosis and these patients should be more closely +followed up. + +Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.09.006 +PMID: 28327291 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +354. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Feb;20:29-35. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.008. Epub +2015 Oct 29. + +The effect of neoadjuvant therapy on the size, number, and distribution of +mesorectal lymph nodes. + +Yegen G(1), Keskin M(2), Büyük M(1), Kunduz E(2), Balık E(3), Sağlam EK(4), +Kapran Y(1), Asoğlu O(5), Güllüoğlu M(6). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of General +Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Koç University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery and +Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Liv Hospital, Department of General Surgery and Istanbul University Istanbul +Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: mine.gulluoglu@yahoo.com. + +The current therapeutic approach to patients with locally advanced rectal cancer +is neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal +excision. We aimed to investigate the number, size, and distribution of +metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes within the mesorectum; whether +neoadjuvant therapy has any impact on the number and size of the lymph nodes; and +the impact of metastatic lymph node localization on overall and disease-free +survival. Specimens from 50 consecutive patients with stage II/III rectal cancer +receiving either neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy were investigated. +Lymph node dissection was carried out by careful visual inspection and palpation. +The localization of the each lymph node within the mesorectum and the relation +with the tumor site were noted. The size and the number of lymph nodes retrieved +decreased significantly with neoadjuvant therapy. Majority of the metastatic and +nonmetastatic lymph nodes were located at or proximally to the tumor level and +posterior side of the mesorectum. No relation was observed between the overall +and disease-free survival, and the localization of the metastatic lymph nodes. +Presence of lymph node metastases proximal to the tumor level has no impact on +survival compared with the presence of lymph node metastasis only in the +peritumoral region of the mesorectum. Although neoadjuvant therapy decreases the +size and the number of lymph nodes, reaching an ideal number of lymph nodes for +accurate staging is still possible with careful naked eye examination and +dissection of perirectal fat. As the majority of metastatic and nonmetastatic +lymph nodes are located in peritumoral and proximal compartment, and posterior +side of the mesorectum, these regions should be the major interest of dissection. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.008 +PMID: 26706785 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +355. Pathol Oncol Res. 2016 Jul;22(3):515-21. doi: 10.1007/s12253-015-0031-8. Epub +2015 Dec 18. + +Immunohistochemical Analysis of E-Cadherin, p53 and Inhibin-α Expression in +Hydatidiform Mole and Hydropic Abortion. + +Erol O(1), Süren D(2), Tutuş B(2), Toptaş T(3), Gökay AA(2), Derbent AU(4), Özel +MK(4), Sezer C(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antalya Training and Research +Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. dronurerol@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, +Antalya, Turkey. +(4)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antalya Training and Research +Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. + +The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of E-cadherin, p53, and +inhibin-α immunostaining in the differential diagnosis of hydropic abortion (HA), +partial hydatidiform mole (PHM), and complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). +E-cadherin, p53, and inhibin-α protein expression patterns were investigated +immunohistochemically using paraffin -embedded tissue sections from +histologically diagnosed cases of HA (n = 23), PHM (n = 24), and CHM (n = 23). +Expression patterns of these markers were scored semi-quantitatively according to +the staining intensity, percentage of positive cells, and immunoreactivity score. +Classification of cases was established on histologic criteria and supported by +the molecular genotyping. Immunostaining allowed the identification of specific +cell types with E-cadherin, p53, and inhibin-α expression in all cases. +E-cadherin expression was detected on the cell surface of villous +cytotrophoblasts. We observed a marked decline in the expression of E-cadherin +from HAs to PHMs to CHMs. The p53-positive reaction was restricted to the nucleus +of villous cytotrophoblasts. Significantly increased p53 expression was observed +in CHMs, compared with HAs and PHMs. The expression of inhibin-α was localised in +the cytoplasm of villous syncytiotrophoblasts, and the expression of this marker +was significantly higher in PHMs and CHMs than HAs. In conclusion, +immunohistochemical analysis of E-cadherin, p53, and inhibin-α expression could +serve as a useful adjunct to conventional methods in the differential diagnosis +of HA, PHM, and CHM. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-0031-8 +PMID: 26683836 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +356. Histol Histopathol. 2016 May;31(5):479-98. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-714. Epub 2015 Dec +18. + +Physiological and pathological significance of the molecular cross-talk between +autophagy and apoptosis. + +Oral O(1), Akkoc Y(2), Bayraktar O(2), Gozuacik D(2). + +Author information: +(1)Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul, +Turkey. ozlemoral@sabanciuniv.edu. +(2)Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and +Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Autophagy and apoptosis are two important molecular mechanisms that maintain +cellular homeostasis under stress conditions. Autophagy represents an +intracellular mechanism responsible for turnover of organelles and long-lived +proteins through a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway. Cell death signals or +sustained stress might trigger programmed cell death pathways, and among them, +apoptosis is the most extensively studied one. Recent studies indicate the +presence of a complex interplay between autophagy and apoptosis. Physiological +relevance of autophagy-apoptosis crosstalk was mainly shown in vitro. However, in +vivo consequences possibly exist both during health and disease. In this review, +we will summarize the current knowledge about molecular mechanisms connecting +autophagy and apoptosis, and about the significance of this crosstalk for human +health. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-714 +PMID: 26680630 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +357. Histol Histopathol. 2016 May;31(5):461-8. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-707. Epub 2015 Dec +10. + +Controversies on electromagnetic field exposure and the nervous systems of +children. + +Warille AA(1), Onger ME(2), Turkmen AP(2), Deniz ÖG(2), Altun G(2), Yurt KK(2), +Altunkaynak BZ(2), Kaplan S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom +of Saudi Arabia. +(2)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis +University, Samsun, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis +University, Samsun, Turkey skaplan@omu.edu.tr. + +This paper reviewed possible health effects from exposure to low levels of +electromagnetic field (EMF) in children, arising from electrical power sources +and mobile phones. Overall, the information about effects on developmental +processes and cognitive functions is insufficient and further research on +children and adolescents is critically needed. New research approaches are +required focused on the effects on the developmental processes of children +exposed to electromagnetic fields, using consistent protocols. When the current +data were considered in detail, it was noted that children's unique +vulnerabilities make them more sensitive to EMFs emitted by electronics and +wireless devices, as compared to adults. Some experimental research shows a +neurological impact and exposure in humans may lead to the cognitive and +behavioral impairments. Because of the proliferation of wireless devices, public +awareness of these dangers now is important to safeguard children's future +healthy brain development. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-707 +PMID: 26661935 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +358. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016 Apr;45(4):281-8. doi: 10.1111/jop.12391. Epub 2015 Dec +14. + +Evaluation of prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with oral +lichen planus and oral lichenoid contact reactions. + +Batu Ş(1), Ofluoğlu D(2), Ergun S(2), Warnakulasuriya S(3), Uslu E(4), Güven +Y(1), Tanyeri H(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Oral Medicine and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, +King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK. +(4)Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate prolidase activity and oxidative +stress in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid contact +reactions (OLCR) using serum and salivary samples and to compare these biomarkers +with each other as well as with a group of healthy subjects in order to be able +to opine their role in the estimation of OLP and OLCR. +PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen recently diagnosed patients with OLP, 32 patients +with OLCR and 18 healthy controls with matched periodontal status were recruited +to the study. Prolidase activity, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde +(MDA), sialic acid (SA), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) levels +in both serum and saliva were determined. Additionally, salivary flow rate and +its buffering capacity were estimated. Statistical analyses were performed using +the chi-square test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Spearman's rho correlation +coefficient. +RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between the study +groups and the control group regarding to the basic characteristics and the +periodontal status (P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant +differences between OLP and OLCR groups regarding to the distribution of lesions' +type, severity, and location (P > 0.05). No significant differences were found +between the two study groups with regard to Prolidase activity, MDA, SA, and +AOPPs (P ˃ 0.05), whereas statistically significant differences were found +between the two study groups and the control group with regard to all evaluated +parameters except of serum prolidase (P ˂ 0.01). Moderate correlation was found +between salivary MDA and the OLP/OLCR lesion severity, whereas a weak correlation +was observed between serum SA and the OLP/OLCR lesion severity (P ˂ 0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest an increased prolidase activity +and oxidative stress and imbalance in the antioxidant defense system in +biological fluids of patients with OLP and OLCR when compared with the healthy +subjects. Both OLP and OLCR patients revealed almost similar prolidase activity +and oxidative stress levels although these two conditions have different +etiopathogenesis. + +© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12391 +PMID: 26661727 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +359. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2016 Mar;37(1):35-9. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000213. + +Head Trauma-Related Deaths Among Preschool Children in Istanbul, Turkey. + +Yagmur F(1), Celik S, Yener Z, Koral F, Yaman T, Sezer Y, Kandemir E. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Istanbul Medeniyet University Medical Faculty, Istanbul; †Council of +Forensic Medicine, Istanbul; and ‡Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Denizli, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Head trauma takes place among the leading causes of mortality in +children. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of head trauma-related +deaths among children younger than 5 years in Istanbul, Turkey. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted using the records of the Morgue +Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine in Istanbul. The records of cases +autopsied between 2008 and 2012 were retrospectively investigated. Of all +preschool children deaths, 203 head trauma-related deaths were included in the +study. +RESULTS: Of all, 117 (57.6%) were males and 86 (42.4%) were females. Most cases +(107, 52.70%) were between the ages of 12 and 36 months. The most common +mechanism of injury was "fall from a height" with 97 cases (47.78%), followed by +"traffic accidents" (67, 33%) and "hit by falling objects" (19, 9.35%). Skull +fracture was detected in 176 cases (86.69%), of which 81 (46.02%) were +characterized with linear fracture. Furthermore, skull fracture was accompanied +by 1 or more skeletal bone fracture in 64 cases. Retinal hemorrhage was +investigated in 5 cases of suspected physical abuse and only 2 of them showed +retinal hemorrhage findings. +CONCLUSIONS: Obtained findings revealed that fall from a height was the leading +cause of death among unnatural deaths in children younger than 5 years. Domestic +accident was found to be a significant risk factor in childhood deaths. Traffic +fatalities were among leading causes of death in childhood in our country, +likewise in all around the world. Children were found to be more vulnerable to +traumas when they start to move around with incomplete motor skills. Therefore, +education of parents in terms of child supervision and installing safety +precautions toward preschool children will be helpful in preventing such +injuries. On the contrary to some findings in the literature, more severe lesions +were also prominent even in case of short-range falls from a height. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000213 +PMID: 26658385 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +360. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2016 Apr;39(2):187-93. doi: 10.1007/s13402-015-0259-z. Epub +2015 Dec 9. + +Identification of miR-139-5p as a saliva biomarker for tongue squamous cell +carcinoma: a pilot study. + +Duz MB(1), Karatas OF(2), Guzel E(1)(3), Turgut NF(4), Yilmaz M(4), Creighton +CJ(5), Ozen M(6)(7)(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, +Erzurum, Turkey. +(3)Departments of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni +University, 10. Yil Caddesi Protokol Yolu No: 45, 34010, Topkapi, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Division of +Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. +(6)Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, +Istanbul, Turkey. mozen@bcm.edu. +(7)Departments of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni +University, 10. Yil Caddesi Protokol Yolu No: 45, 34010, Topkapi, Istanbul, +Turkey. mozen@bcm.edu. +(8)Department of Pathology & Immunology Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, +77030, USA. mozen@bcm.edu. + +BACKGROUND: Of all human oral carcinomas, 41 % are localized to the tongue. +Despite considerable improvements in both diagnosis and treatment, tongue +squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) has remained one of the most lethal types of +cancer. Here, we aimed at identifying a salivary microRNA (miRNA) expression +signature specific for TSCC patients. +METHODS: To identify putative diagnostic biomarkers, we compared the miRNA +expression profiles of saliva samples from three TSCC patients and four healthy +control individuals using an Agilent miRNA microarray platform (V19). Three of +the differentially expressed miRNAs identified were selected for further +validation using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) in saliva +samples from 25 TSCC patients and 25 healthy control individuals. +RESULTS: Through microarray-based expression profiling, we found that 419 miRNAs +were deregulated in the saliva samples from the TSCC patients compared to those +from the healthy control individuals tested. Subsequent qRT-PCR analysis revealed +that the expression level of miR-139-5p was significantly reduced in the TSCC +validation samples compared to the controls. Further analysis of post-operative +saliva samples derived from TSCC patients revealed that the miR-139-5p expression +levels had turned back to normal again. In addition, we found that miR-139-5p +exhibited enough power to discriminate pre-operative TSCC patients from both +normal individuals (AUC: 0.805) and post-operative TSCC patients (AUC: 0.713), +thereby underscoring its diagnostic potential. +CONCLUSIONS: From our results we conclude that saliva can be used as a feasible +source for routine TSCC diagnostics and that miR-139-5p may serve as a potential +biomarker for early TSCC detection. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0259-z +PMID: 26650483 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +361. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016 Feb;40(2):212-23. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000560. + +Thoracic Myoepithelial Tumors: A Pathologic and Molecular Study of 8 Cases With +Review of the Literature. + +Leduc C(1), Zhang L, Öz B, Luo J, Fukuoka J, Antonescu CR, Travis WD. + +Author information: +(1)*Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center‡Department of +Pathology, New York Hospital Queens -Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, +NY†Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey§Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, +Japan. + +Thoracic myoepithelial tumors (MTs) are a rare group of tumors showing +predominant or exclusive myoepithelial differentiation. They are poorly +characterized from both a morphologic and genetic standpoint, in particular +features that separate benign from malignant behavior. We examined the histologic +and immunohistochemical features of 8 primary thoracic MTs and performed +fluorescence in situ hybridization for EWSR1, FUS, PLAG1, and HMGA2, as well as +several partner genes. Half (4/8) of the MTs occurred in large airways, and 3 had +infiltrative borders. All cases showed immunoreactivity for epithelial markers, +in conjunction with S100 protein or myogenic markers. MTs showed morphologic +characteristics analogous to MTs at other sites, with no tumors having ductal +differentiation. Necrosis and/or lymphovascular invasion was present in 5 cases, +with mitotic activity ranging from 0 to 6 mitoses/2 mm² (mean 1). Metastases +occurred in 2 cases, and no patients died of disease. Gene rearrangements were +identified in half of the cases, with EWSR1-PBX1, EWSR1-ZNF444, and FUS-KLF17 +fusions identified in 1 case each and 1 case having EWSR1 rearrangement with no +partner identified. No cases were found to have HMGA2 or PLAG1 abnormalities. +Compared with fusion-negative tumors, fusion-positive tumors tended to occur in +patients who were younger (50 vs. 58 y), female (1:3 vs. 3:1 male:female ratio), +and demonstrated predominantly spindle and clear cell morphology. Using a +combined data set of our case series with 16 cases from the literature, poor +prognosis was significantly correlated with metastases (P=0.003), necrosis +(P=0.027), and ≥5 mitoses/2 mm²/10 high-power field (P=0.005). In summary, we +identify a subset of thoracic MTs harboring rearrangements in EWSR1 or FUS, and +our data suggest that necrosis and increased mitotic activity correlate with +aggressive clinical behavior. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000560 +PMCID: PMC5006686 +PMID: 26645726 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + +Conflict of interest statement: none + + +362. Am J Pathol. 2016 Jan;186(1):24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.09.022. Epub 2015 +Nov 27. + +Loss of Periostin Results in Impaired Regeneration and Pancreatic Atrophy after +Cerulein-Induced Pancreatitis. + +Hausmann S(1), Regel I(2), Steiger K(3), Wagner N(2), Thorwirth M(1), Schlitter +AM(3), Esposito I(4), Michalski CW(5), Friess H(1), Kleeff J(6), Erkan M(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. +(2)Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; +Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. +(3)Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. +(4)Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; +Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. +(5)Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; +Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. +(6)Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Royal +Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals, Liverpool, United Kingdom; +Department of Surgery, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. +(7)Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; +Department of Surgery, Koc School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic +address: merkan@ku.edu.tr. + +The extracellular matrix molecule periostin (POSTN, encoded by POSTN), which is +secreted by activated pancreatic stellate cells, has important functions in +chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, the role of POSTN in acute +pancreatitis and subsequent regeneration processes has not been addressed so far. +We analyzed the function of POSTN in pancreatic exocrine regeneration after the +induction of a severe acute pancreatitis. Postn-deficient mice and wild-type +control animals received repetitive cerulein injections, and a detailed +histologic analysis of pancreatic tissues was performed. Although there was no +difference in pancreatitis severity in the acute inflammatory phase, the recovery +of the exocrine pancreas was massively impaired in Postn-deficient mice. Loss of +Postn expression was accompanied by strong pancreatic atrophy and +acinar-to-adipocyte differentiation, which was also reflected in gene expression +patterns. Our data suggest that POSTN is a crucial factor for proper exocrine +lineage-specific regeneration after severe acute pancreatitis. + +Copyright © 2016 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by +Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.09.022 +PMID: 26632158 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +363. Histol Histopathol. 2016 Jun;31(6):635-45. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-701. Epub 2015 Dec +3. + +The determination of apoptosis rates on articular cartilages of ovariectomized +rats with and without alendronate treatment. + +Acar N(1), Balkarli H(2), Soyuncu Y(2), Ozbey O(1), Celik-Ozenci C(1), Korkusuz +P(3), Ustunel I(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe +University, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. iustunel@akdeniz.edu.tr. + +Osteoporosis (OP) is a major health problem characterized by compromised bone +strength. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that progresses slowly and is +characterized by breakdown of the cartilage matrix. Alendronate (ALN), a +nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (BIS), inhibits bone loss and increases bone +mineralization, and has been used clinically for the treatment of OP. It is still +controversial whether BIS is effective in inhibiting the progression of OA. +Chondrocyte apoptosis has been described in both human and experimentally induced +OA models. In our study we aimed to detect whether ALN could protect articular +cartilage from degeneration and reduce apoptosis rates in experimentally OA +induced rats. For this rats were ovariectomized (ovex), nine weeks after +operation rats were injected 30 µg/kg/week ALN subcutaneously for six weeks. +After six weeks articular cartilages were obtained. We did Safranin O staining +and Mankin and Pritzker scorings to evaluate degeneration and investigated the +expressions of p53, cleaved caspase 3, Poly ADP-ribose (PAR), Poly ADP-ribose +polymerase 1 (PARP 1), and applied TUNEL technique to determine apoptotis rates. +We found a significant decrease in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) amount and increased +apoptosis which indicates damage on articular cartilages of ovex rats. GAG amount +was higher and apoptosis rate was lower on articular cartilages of ALN treated +ovex rats compared to the ovex group. In contrary to studies showing that early +ALN treatment has a protective effect, our study shows late ALN treatment has a +chondroprotective effect on articular cartilage since we treated rats nine weeks +after ovariectomy. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-701 +PMID: 26631351 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +364. Histol Histopathol. 2016 May;31(5):585-94. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-698. Epub 2015 Dec +1. + +Role of an endothelin type A receptor antagonist in regulating torsion-induced +testicular apoptosis in rats. + +Cayli S(1), Ocakli S(2), Senel U(3), Karaca Z(2), Erdemir F(4), Delibasi T(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara, Turkey sevilcayli@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa +University, Tokat, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa +University, Tokat, Turkey. +(4)Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diskapi Teaching and Research +Hospital, Ankara and Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine +(Kastamonu), Hacettepe University, Turkey. + +Testicular torsion is a well-known medical emergency that can lead to +pathological changes in the testicular tissues and male infertility. This +investigation was undertaken to gain insight into the effects of an endothelin +type A receptor antagonist (BQ123) on torsion-induced germ cell loss. +Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. In group I +(control group), a sham operation to the left testis was performed. In group II +(I/R injury), I/R injury was created by rotating the left testis 720° in a +clockwise direction for 2 h and detorsing the testis after 2 h. In group III (I/R +injury+BQ123), the rats were subjected to I/R injury and BQ123 injection (1 +mg/kg, intravenous). In group IV (control+BQ123), the sham operated rats were +subjected to BQ123. The testes of the rats were removed in all groups. +Torsion-induced apoptosis and the effects of BQ123 were examined by the terminal +deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end +labelling (TUNEL) technique, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In group +II, the number of TUNEL-positive cells increased after testicular torsion. +Immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that apoptotic proteins (active +caspase 3 and Bax) were upregulated, and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 was +downregulated in I/R injury. The administration of BQ123 caused a significant +decrease in the number of apoptotic cells and the expression of apoptotic +proteins (p<0.05) when compared with the I/R injury group. No significant effect +of BQ123 was observed in the testicular cells of group IV. This animal study +provides evidence of the regulatory effects of BQ123 on torsion-induced +testicular apoptosis. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-698 +PMID: 26624278 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +365. Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 Feb;44(2):156-64. doi: 10.1002/dc.23394. Epub 2015 Dec 1. + +Molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases using cytological specimens. + +Canberk S(1), Longatto-Filho A(2)(3)(4)(5), Schmitt F(6)(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology-Cytopathology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and +Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo +University, FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil. +(3)Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, +University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. +(4)ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal. +(5)Molecular Oncology Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, +Brazil. +(6)Department of Pathology and Medicine, Laboratoire National De Sante, +Dudelange, Luxembourg. +(7)Instituto De Patologia E Imunologia Molecular Da Universidade Do Porto +(IPATIMUP) E Faculdade De Medicina Do Porto, Porto, Portugal. + +Pathologists have an important role in the diagnosis of infectious disease (ID). +In many cases, a definitive diagnosis can be made using cytopathology alone. +However, several ancillary techniques can be used on cytological material to +reach a specific diagnosis by identifying the causative agent and consequently +defining the management of the patient. This review aims to present the +effectiveness of the application of molecular studies on cytological material to +diagnose IDs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various +molecular techniques according to the type of cytological specimen and the +infectious agents. + +© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23394 +PMID: 26620694 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +366. Pol J Pathol. 2015 Sep;66(3):246-53. + +Relationship among mismatch repair deficiency, CDX2 loss, p53 and E-cadherin in +colon carcinoma and suitability of using a double panel of mismatch repair +proteins by immunohistochemistry. + +Sayar I(1), Akbas EM, Isik A, Gokce A, Peker K, Demirtas L, Gürbüzel M. + +Author information: +(1)Ilyas Sayar, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan +University, Erzincan Turkey, e-mail: drilyassayar@hotmail.com. + +Biomarkers such as mismatch repair proteins, CDX2, p53, and E-cadherin are blamed +for colon cancers, but the relationships of these biomarkers with each other and +with pathological risk factors in colon carcinoma are still not clear. The aim of +this study was to evaluate the association of these biomarkers with each other by +using immunohistochemical staining and to compare their expression with +pathological risk factors for colonic adenocarcinoma. We also aimed to study the +usability of a double panel of mismatch repair proteins. One hundred and eleven +cases with colonic adenocarcinoma were examined. There was a statistically +significant relationship between tumor histological differentiation and +perineural invasion, vascular invasion, mismatch repair deficiency, p53, CDX2, +and E-cadherin (p < 0.05). PMS2 and MSH6 loss covered 100% of cases with mismatch +repair deficiency. Mismatch repair deficiency was correlated with CDX2 loss and +E-cadherin expression (p < 0.05). It was also observed that cases with PMS2 loss +covered all the cases with CDX2 loss. In conclusion, this double panel may be +used instead of a quadruple panel for detecting mismatch repair deficiency. +Association of CDX2 and PMS2 in the present study is necessary to conduct further +genetic and pathological studies focusing on these two markers together. + + +PMID: 26619103 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +367. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Sep 1;8(9):11835-6. eCollection 2015. + +Oral bacteria in pancreatic cancer: mutagenesis of the p53 tumour suppressor +gene. + +Öğrendik M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Division Physical Therapy and Rheumatology, Selcuk State Hospital Selcuk, +Turkey. + +Carcinoma of exocrine pancreas is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths, +worldwide. The prevalence of this disease is very high in patients with chronic +pancreatitis. Orodigestive cancers are frequently seen in patients with +periodontitis. These findings suggest that this type of cancer may have some +bacterial origins. This study hypothesizes that the peptidyl arginine deaminase +(PAD) enzymes found in oral bacteria may be responsible for the p53 point +mutations that occur in patients with pancreatic cancer. Porphyromonas +gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola +possess the PAD enzyme, and p53 arginine mutations have been detected in patients +with pancreatic cancer. Moreover, the Pro allele p53Arg72-Pro is a risk factor +for the development of this cancer. Anti-P. gingivalis antibody titers have been +found to be higher in patients with pancreatic cancer as compared to healthy +controls. The hypothesis in question can be tested if the DNA of P. gingivalis or +the antibodies against P. gingivalis can be detected in patients with the p53 +arginine mutation.If this hypothesis is true, it could reveal the real cause of +pancreatic cancer, which is a fatal disease. Further studies are necessary in +order to confirm this hypothesis. + + +PMCID: PMC4637753 +PMID: 26617937 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +368. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Sep 1;8(9):11543-8. eCollection 2015. + +Pattern of primary tumors and tumor-like lesions of bone in children: +retrospective survey of biopsy results. + +Özkan EA(1), Göret CC(2), Özdemir ZT(3), Yanık S(4), Doğan M(5), Gönültaş A(6), +Akkoca AN(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Bozok University Medical Faculty Yozgat, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital +Istanbul. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Bozok University Medical Faculty Yozgat, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Iskenderun State Hospital Hatay, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Atatürk University Medical Faculty Erzurum, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Tekirdağ State Hospital Tekirdağ, Turkey. +(7)Department of Family Medicine, Iskenderun State Hospital Hatay, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Although primary bone tumors are relatively uncommon, they constitute +the most important tumors in patients less than 20 years. We aimed to determine +the frequencies of primary bone tumors and tumor-like lesions of bone and the +anatomical sites of their occurrence. +METHODS: A retrospective review of histopathology reports of all bone specimens +received in a private pathology laboratory in Istanbul between 2009 and 2015. +RESULTS: A total of 57 patients (aged 5 to 18 years) with a mean of 13.12 years +were studied. Thirty five patients (61.4%) were males and 22 (38.6%) were +females. Fifty five (94.4%) of the tumors were benign. Osteochondroma was the +commonest tumor accounting for 31 cases (54.3%) followed by osteoid osteoma, 9 +cases (15.7%). Chondrosarcoma observed in two patients and Ewing sarcoma in one +patient as malignant tumors. Of the 57 bone tumors 13 (22.8%) occurred in the +upper extremities, while 44 (77.2%) were in the lower extremities. Proximal +humerus was the most commonly involved site in upper extremity tumors, with +osteochondromas representing the most frequent type of tumor (4 patients; 7%). In +the lower extremities again osteochondromas were the most common type of tumor (8 +cases, 14%), with the femur being the most common site of involvement (18 +patients, 31.5%). Of the patients with tumor-like lesions; four patients had +fibrous dysplasia, 4 patients had non-ossified fibromas, 4 patients had simple +bone cysts and 3 had aneurismal bone cyst. +CONCLUSION: This study showed that primary bone tumors were mainly benign, +settled predominantly in the lower extremities mostly in the femur with a male +preponderance. Osteochondroma was the most common benign bone tumor. We didn't +observed osteosarcoma, which is the most frequent malignant bone tumor. + + +PMCID: PMC4637704 +PMID: 26617888 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +369. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Sep 1;8(9):11305-13. eCollection 2015. + +Ki-67 and caspase expression in breast carcinoma: does variance in locational +sampling exist? + +Deniz F(1), Dilek K(1), Hande M(1), Umit UM(1), Handan K(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Ki-67 and caspase indices are two very important prognostic variables for breast +cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the immunoexpressions of these two +prognostic variables at the center, the periphery of the tumor in comparison with +each other, and additional parameters in 53 breast cancer specimens. It has been +shown that the increase of caspase immunoexpression either at the periphery or +the center of the tumor correlated with the increase of Ki-67 immunoexpression at +the same areas. There was no statistically significant difference between caspase +and Ki-67 immunoexpression at the center or the periphery of the tumor. No +statistically significant correlation was found between immunoexpressions of +caspase and Ki-67 with the tumor grade, stage, lymph node metastasis, +lymphovascular or perineural invasion. The two very important prognostic +variables of breast cancer (caspase and Ki-67) were evenly distributed in the +center and the periphery of the tumor. It is evident that there is no need for a +specific locational sampling when these two variables are considered. In +accordance with this information, the differences in sampling due to observer +diversity may be prevented. + + +PMCID: PMC4637670 +PMID: 26617854 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +370. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Sep 1;8(9):9772-81. eCollection 2015. + +Association between well-known histopathological criteria and overall survival in +invasive ductal carcinoma. + +Deger A(1), Ozyigit F(2), Arik O(3), Ekici F(4), Cinkaya A(5), Tayfur M(6), Deger +H(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupinar University Kutahya, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupinar University +Kutahya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupinar University +Kutahya, Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Kutahya Evliya Celebi Training and Research +Hospital Kutahya, Turkey. +(5)Department of Radiation Oncology, Kutahya Evliya Celebi Training and Research +Hospital Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University Erzincan, +Turkey. +(7)Department of Neurosurgery, Kutahya Evliya Celebi Training and Research +Hospital Kutahya, Turkey. + +We investigated the effect of clinical features and well-known histomorphological +parameters on survival of breast cancer.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 44 patients with +invasive ductal carcinoma were included in this study. We investigated the effect +of age, breast cancer location (right/left), histological grade, largest diameter +of the tumor, lymphovascular and perineural invasion on patient survival. IBM +SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 20 program was used for +statistics. Cox proportional hazard regression model for survival analysis, +log-log plot, life function graphs were used. Results were 95% confidence +interval, significance (P < 0.05). +RESULTS: In univariate analysis, the left breast localization, high histological +grade, large tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion has been +shown that reduced the overall survival (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, +only high histological grade, large tumor size and perineural invasion were +identified as parameters negatively associated with patient survival (P < 0.05). +On univariate and multivariate analysis, age was not associated with survival. +CONCLUSION: The above results should be considered in the follow-up and treatment +planning of invasive ductal carcinoma patients. + + +PMCID: PMC4637772 +PMID: 26617687 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +371. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Sep 1;8(9):9760-71. eCollection 2015. + +Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fibroblast growth factor 2, +phosphatidyl inositol 3 phosphate kinase and their clinical and prognostic +significance in early and advanced stage of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. + +Usul Afsar C(1), Sahin B(2), Gunaldi M(3), Kılıc Bagir E(4), Gumurdulu D(4), +Burgut R(5), Erkisi M(2), Kara IO(2), Paydas S(2), Karaca F(6), Ercolak V(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University Medical Faculty Adana, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Medical Oncology, Bakirkoy Sadi Konuk Research and Treatment +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Cukurova University Medical Faculty Adana, Turkey. +(5)Department of Bioistatistics, Cukurova University Medical Faculty Adana, +Turkey. +(6)Department of Radiation Oncology, Adana Numune Research and Education Hospital +Adana, Turkey. +(7)Department of Medical Oncology, Mersin State Hospital Mersin, Turkey. + +AIM: Non-small cell lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer related to +death in the world. Squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCLC) is the second most +frequent histological subtype of lung carcinomas. Recently, growth factors, +growth factor receptors, and signal transduction system-related gene +amplifications and mutations are extensively under investigation to estimate the +prognosis and to develop individualized therapies in SqCLC. In this study, +besides the signal transduction molecule phosphatidyl inositol-3-phosphate kinase +(IP3K) p110α, we explored the expressions of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) +and receptor-1 (FGFR1) in tumor tissue and also their clinical and prognostic +significance in patients with early/advanced SqCLC. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2005 to 2013, 129 patients (23 early, 106 advanced +disease) with a histopathological SqCLC diagnosis were selected from the hospital +files of Cukurova University Medical Faculty for this study. Two independent +pathologists evaluated FGFR1, FGF2, and PI3K (p110α) expressions in both tumor +and stromal tissues from 99 of the patients with sufficient tissue samples, using +immunohistochemistry. Considering survival analysis separately for patients with +both early and advanced stage diseases, the relationship between the clinical +features of the patients and expressions were evaluated by univariate and +multivariate analyses. +RESULTS: FGFR1 expression was found to be low in 59 (60%) patients and high in 40 +(40%) patients. For FGF2; 12 (12%) patients had high, 87 (88%) patients had low +expression and for IP3K; 31 (32%) patients had high and 66 (68%) patients had low +expressions. In univariate analysis, overall survival (OS) was significantly +associated with stage of the disease and the performance status of the patient +(P<0.0001 and P<0.001). There was no significant difference in OS of the patients +with either low or high expressions of FGFR1, FGF2, and IP3K. When the patients +with early or advanced stage disease were separately taken into consideration, +the relationship did not differ, either. Any of FGFR1, FGF2 or IP3K expressions +was not found predictive for the treatment of early or advanced staged patients. +On the other hand, the expressions of both FGFR1 and FGF2 were significantly +different with respect to smoking, scar of tuberculosis and scar of radiotherapy +(P=0.002; P=0.06 and P=0.05, respectively). +DISCUSSION: There has not been identified an effective individualized treatment +for SqCLC yet. Therefore, in order to be able to develop such a treatment in the +future, it is essential to identify the genetic abnormalities that are +responsible for the biological behaviors and carcinogenesis of SqCLC. Although we +could not show the prognostic and predictive significance of FGFR1, FGF2 and IP3K +expressions in SqCLC, we determined the expression rates of FGFR1, FGF2 and IP3K +as a reference for Turkish patients. In conclusion, we want to put some emphasis +on the fact that, pulmonary fibrosis which is a late complication of radiotherapy +at stage III disease, and the scar of tuberculosis could be associated with FGFR1 +and FGF2 expressions. + + +PMCID: PMC4637771 +PMID: 26617686 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +372. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2016 Feb;20:44-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.005. Epub +2015 Oct 28. + +Distinctive immunostaining of claudin-4 in spiradenomas. + +Yiğit N(1), Çelik E(2), Yavan İ(3), Günal A(4), Kurt B(5), Karslıoğlu Y(6), +Öngürü Ö(7), Özcan A(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: nyigit@gata.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, İzmir Military Hospital, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic +address: ertugrul_celik@hotmail.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ibrahimyavan@gmail.com. +(4)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: agunal@gata.edu.tr. +(5)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: bkurt@gata.edu.tr. +(6)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ykarslioglu@gata.edu.tr. +(7)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: oonguru@gata.edu.tr. +(8)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: aozcan@gata.edu.tr. + +The intercellular bridges are essential structures in maintaining the histologic +organization of the epithelium, while providing a very efficient way to exchange +molecules between cells and transduction of the cell-to-cell and matrix-to-cell +signals. Derangement in those important structures' physical integrity and/or +function, which can be assessed by the presence or absence of several +intercellular bridge proteins including claudin-4, E-cadherin, and β-catenin, was +found to be related to several phenomena in the path to the neoplastic +transformation. However, these proteins have not been studied in the wide variety +of the skin neoplasms, in detail. Herein, we immunohistochemically assessed the +expression patterns of these 3 intercellular bridge proteins on a total of 86 +epidermal and eccrine adnexal tumors including basal cell carcinoma, squamous +cell carcinoma, poroma, spiradenoma, syringoma, and hidradenoma. We observed a +selective and distinct claudin-4 expression in the ductal-type cells of all cases +of spiradenomas. Similarly, in the poromas, syringomas, and hidradenomas, +claudin-4 was only positive in the luminal cells of microcystic structures, +although not as conspicuous as in the spiradenomas. On the other hand, E-cadherin +and β-catenin were positive in almost all types of the tumors, in a way which was +not contributory to differentiate from each other. In conclusion, we think that +claudin-4 can be helpful at least in making a reliable differential diagnosis of +spiradenoma when overlapping morphologic features do not allow to further +subclassification in the overwhelming variety of the adnexal tumors. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.10.005 +PMID: 26616722 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +373. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Jan;212(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.006. Epub 2015 +Oct 31. + +The prognostic value of morphologic findings for lung squamous cell carcinoma +patients. + +Gürel D(1), Ulukuş Ç(2), Karaçam V(3), Ellidokuz H(4), Umay C(5), Öztop İ(6), +Sarıoğlu S(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. Electronic address: duygu.gurel@deu.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. Electronic address: cagnur.ulukus@deu.edu.tr. +(3)Department of Thoracic Surgery, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: volkan.karacam@deu.edu.tr. +(4)Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. Electronic address: hulya.ellidokuz@deu.edu.tr. +(5)Department of Radiation Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, +Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: cenk.umay@deu.edu.tr. +(6)Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. Electronic address: ilhan.oztop@deu.edu.tr. +(7)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. Electronic address: sulen.sarioglu@deu.edu.tr. + +BACKGROUND: Novel histopathological prognostic features for squamous cell +carcinoma (SCC) of lung, such as tumor budding, mitotic rate, tumor stroma ratio, +stroma type, stromal inflammation and necrosis, have been evaluated in the +literature. In this study, the prognostic value of multiple morphological +features is assessed in lung SCC. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study reports on seventy-six patients with lung SCC +treated with complete surgical excision. Tumor size, tumor stage, lymph node +status, lymphovascular invasion, histopathologic grade, mitotic count, necrosis, +tumor budding, tumor stroma ratio, stroma type, stromal lymphoplasmacytic +reaction and ratios of stromal plasma cells and their relationship with the +prognosis were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for +histopathological markers for local disease free survival (LDFS), distant disease +free survival (DDFS), overall disease free survival (ODFS) and overall survival +(OS). +RESULTS: The univariate prognostic analysis of the pathological factors revealed +that the pathological stage (OS: p=0.001, DDFS: p=0.040), lymph node metastases +(OS: p=0.013), mitotic index (OS: p=0.026), tumor necrosis (DDFS: p=0.013, ODFS: +p=0.021) and tumor size (OS: p=0.002) had a prognostic significance. The +multivariate analysis demonstrated that the pathological stage (OS: p=0.021), +tumor size (OS: p=0.044), lymph node status (DDFS: p=0.019, ODFS; p=0.041) and +necrosis (ODFS: p=0.048) were independent prognostic factors. +CONCLUSIONS: Although many histopathological factors have recently been proposed +as important prognostic markers, we only found significant results for mitotic +index and tumor necrosis, as well as the well known parameters such as tumor +stage and lymph node status. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first +study evaluating such a wide range of morphological prognostic factors in lung +SCC. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.006 +PMID: 26608418 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +374. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Feb;212(2):83-92. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.011. Epub +2015 Nov 2. + +Role of tumor-associated macrophages in the Hexim1 and TGFβ/SMAD pathway, and +their influence on progression of prostatic adenocarcinoma. + +Ok Atılgan A(1), Özdemir BH(2), Akçay EY(3), Ataol Demirkan Ö(4), Tekindal MA(5), +Özkardeş H(6). + +Author information: +(1)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 79.sok. No: +7/4 Bahçelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: potkala@hotmail.com. +(2)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 79.sok. No: +7/4 Bahçelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: handan27@hotmail.com. +(3)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 79.sok. No: +7/4 Bahçelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: edaakcay@gmail.com. +(4)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 79.sok. No: +7/4 Bahçelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: +ozlem-ataol@hotmail.com. +(5)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Bağlıca +Kampüsü Eskişehir Yolu 20.km Bağlıca, 06810 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: +matekindal@gmail.com. +(6)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, 79.sok. No: 7/4 +Bahçelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ozkardes@baskent.edu.tr. + +BACKGROUND: Hexamethylene bisacetamide-inducible protein 1 (Hexim1) regulates +transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) activity and turnover of SMAD proteins in a +cyclin-dependent kinase 9-dependent way. It does so specifically through +inhibiting function of this enzyme and by inhibiting the transcriptional activity +of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb). Tumor-associated +macrophages (TAMs) play a role in the progression of prostate adenocarcinomas. We +investigated the clinicopathological significance of Hexim1, TGFβ, SMAD2, and +SMAD7 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma cells, and assessed associations +between TAMs density and these proteins. +METHODS: The cases of 100 patients diagnosed with prostate acinar adenocarcinoma +who had undergone radical prostatectomy were retrospectively examined. Each was +reviewed for Gleason score, cancer stage, and specific histopathological +features. Original slides were re-examined, and new slides were prepared and +immunostained with Hexim1, TGFβ, SMAD2, SMAD7 and CD68. +RESULTS: Hexim1 expression was positively correlated with Gleason score, cancer +stage, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, extracapsular extension, and +positive surgical margin. TAMs density was positively correlated with Gleason +score, cancer stage, perineural invasion, extracapsular extension, and positive +surgical margin. TAMs density was positively correlated with Hexim1 expression +and TGFβ expression. More advanced cancer stage, lymphovascular invasion, +perineural invasion, and extracapsular extension were correlated with strong +Hexim1 expression, strong SMAD2 expression, and mild SMAD7 expression, +respectively. Strong Hexim1 expression, strong TGFβ expression, and mild SMAD7 +expression were associated with higher Gleason score. Strong Hexim1 expression +was correlated with strong TGFβ expression and mild SMAD7 expression. Strong +Hexim1 expression, strong SMAD2 expression, and mild expression of SMAD7 were +associated with disease progression. Strong SMAD2 expression was associated with +shorter disease-free survival. +CONCLUSION: The results suggest that greater TAMs density, strong Hexim1 +expression, strong SMAD2 expression, and mild SMAD7 expression play important +roles in the progression of prostate adenocarcinoma. Further investigation of +these proteins will help facilitate the definitive prognosis of prostate +adenocarcinomas. Ultimately, these proteins may be therapeutic targets for +patients with prostate cancer. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.011 +PMID: 26608417 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +375. Pathol Res Pract. 2016 Feb;212(2):77-82. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.007. Epub +2015 Oct 23. + +Detection of human papillomavirus in esophageal and gastroesophageal junction +tumors: A retrospective study by real-time polymerase chain reaction in an +instutional experience from Turkey and review of literature. + +Türkay DÖ(1), Vural Ç(2), Sayan M(3), Gürbüz Y(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Numune Research and Education Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. Electronic address: dr.cvural@gmail.com. +(3)Kocaeli University Hospital, Clinical Laboratory, PCR Unit, Kocaeli, Turkey; +Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health Sciences, Nicasia, +Northern Cyprus. +(4)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. + +Esophageal cancer is a poor-prognosis malignancy that ranks eighth among all +cancer types, and its prevalence shows differences among geographical regions. +Although the most important risk factors for esophageal carcinoma are alcohol and +smoking, viral infections, particularly HPV infection, are also considered among +etiological agents. Our study aims to detect the presence of HPV in esophageal +cancers in our patient population and to investigate its correlation with +clinico-pathological parameters. We investigated the presence of HPV-DNA by +real-time polymerase chain reaction in a total of 52 patients with esophageal +cancer. Subtype analysis was performed in positive cases and was correlated with +selected clinico-pathological parameters. Five (9.6%) of 52 tumor samples, 3 +squamous cell carcinomas (3/33 cases) and 2 adenocarcinomas (2/19 cases), were +HPV-DNA-positive. Subtype analysis could be performed in four HPV-DNA-positive +cases, of which three were HPV type-39 and 1 was type-16. The Marmara region, +where the present study was carried out, is a region with low-moderate risk for +esophageal cancer, and the prevalence of HPV-DNA in these tumors is similar to +the prevalence of HPV-DNA reported in the literature for regions with similar +risk. In conclusion, we detected HPV DNA in a subset of esophageal and +gastroesophageal junction tumors. HPV infection may have a role in esophageal +carcinogenesis and high-risk HPV subtypes can particularly be considered among +risk factors since the prevalence of high risk HPV infection has also been found +to be increased in regions with a high risk for esophageal cancer compared to +low-moderate risk regions. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.10.007 +PMID: 26608416 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +376. Dis Markers. 2015;2015:825020. doi: 10.1155/2015/825020. Epub 2015 Oct 28. + +DNA Repair Gene Polymorphism and the Risk of Mitral Chordae Tendineae Rupture. + +Yigin AK(1), Vatan MB(2), Akdemir R(2), Aksoy MN(2), Cakar MA(2), Kilic H(2), +Erkorkmaz U(3), Karacan K(4), Kaleli S(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya +University, 54290 Sakarya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, 54290 +Sakarya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, 54290 +Sakarya, Turkey. +(4)Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, 54290 Sakarya, +Turkey. + +Polymorphisms in Lys939Gln XPC gene may diminish DNA repair capacity, eventually +increasing the risk of carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to +evaluate the significance of polymorphism Lys939Gln in XPC gene in patients with +mitral chordae tendinea rupture (MCTR). Twenty-one patients with MCTR and +thirty-seven age and sex matched controls were enrolled in the study. Genotyping +of XPC gene Lys939Gln polymorphism was carried out using polymerase chain +reaction- (PCR-) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The frequencies +of the heterozygote genotype (Lys/Gln-AC) and homozygote genotype (Gln/Gln-CC) +were significantly different in MCTR as compared to control group, respectively +(52.4% versus 43.2%, p = 0.049; 38.15% versus 16.2%, p = 0.018). Homozygote +variant (Gln/Gln) genotype was significantly associated with increased risk of +MCTR (OR = 2.059; 95% CI: 1.097-3.863; p = 0.018). Heterozygote variant (Lys/Gln) +genotype was also highly significantly associated with increased risk of MCTR (OR += 1.489; 95% CI: 1.041-2.129; p = 0.049). The variant allele C was found to be +significantly associated with MCTR (OR = 1.481; 95% CI: 1.101-1.992; p = 0.011). +This study has demonstrated the association of XPC gene Lys939Gln polymorphism +with MCTR, which is significantly associated with increased risk of MCTR. + +DOI: 10.1155/2015/825020 +PMCID: PMC4641204 +PMID: 26604426 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +377. Histopathology. 2016 Jul;69(1):151-4. doi: 10.1111/his.12906. Epub 2016 Jan 21. + +A distinct expression profile separates Turkish and Australian melanocytic naevi. + +Fox C(1), Schaider H(2), Akalin T(3), Turkmen M(4), Sturm R(2), Lambie D(5), +Karaarslan IK(4), Soyer HP(2), Ozdemir F(4), Gabrielli B(1). + +Author information: +(1)The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, +Australia. +(2)Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, +Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Dermatology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. +(5)IQ Pathology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. + +DOI: 10.1111/his.12906 +PMID: 26599517 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +378. Diagn Pathol. 2015 Nov 19;10:203. doi: 10.1186/s13000-015-0442-6. + +More on hepatic granulomas. + +Ozaras R(1), Yemisen M(2), Balkan II(3). + +Author information: +(1)Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul +University, TR-34098, Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. rozaras@yahoo.com. +(2)Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul +University, TR-34098, Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. yemisenmucahit@hotmail.com. +(3)Infectious Diseases Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul +University, TR-34098, Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. ilkerinancbalkan@hotmail.com. + +Comment on + Diagn Pathol. 2015;10:90. + +We have read the case report of Nihon-Yanagi et al. The patient they described +developed hepatic granuloma two times and the granulomatous lesion was +surrounding metal staples/clips suggesting that the granuloma was due to surgical +staples/clips. Hepatic granulomas (HGs) are reported in around 5% of patient who +undergo a liver biopsy and caused by several diseases including sarcoidosis, +tuberculosis, hydatid cyst, brucellosis, typhoid fever, chronic hepatitis B and C +and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Chronic hepatitis B and C infections are the +most common and serious causes of liver damage in patient with renal failure. +Their prevalence is a higher than people without renal failure. We have +previously reported that the prevalences of HGs in patients with chronic +hepatitis B and C are 1.5 and 1.3% respectively. The described patient was on +hemodialysis for 12 years. The other causes of HG seem excluded; however +hepatitis B and C infections and PBC should have been tested and excluded before +ascribing the HGs to surgical staples/clipping material. + +DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0442-6 +PMCID: PMC4653883 +PMID: 26586239 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +379. Int J Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct;96(5):332-7. doi: 10.1111/iep.12139. Epub 2015 Nov 16. + +Insecticide imidacloprid influences cognitive functions and alters learning +performance and related gene expression in a rat model. + +Kara M(1), Yumrutas O(2), Demir CF(3), Ozdemir HH(4), Bozgeyik I(2), Coskun S(5), +Eraslan E(6), Bal R(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocman +University, Mugla, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, +Adiyaman, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazıg, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, +Diyarbakır, Turkey. +(6)Department of Physicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, +Turkey. +(7)Department of Physicology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, +Gaziantep, Turkey. + +The potential toxic effects of several pesticides, including imidacloprid on +non-target organisms have not been clearly established. Also, the chronic effects +of non-toxic doses on cognitive function in mammals are unknown. In this study, +the effects of different doses of imidacloprid on learning and memory of infant +and adult rats were evaluated, and the expressions of genes synthesizing proteins +known to be associated with learning in brain tissues were also documented. 0.5, +2 and 8 mg/kg doses of imidacloprid were administered to newborn infant and adult +Wistar albino rats by gavage. Their learning activities were evaluated, and the +expression levels of the inotropic glutamate receptor GRIN1, synoptophysin, +growth-associated protein 43 and the muscarinic receptor M1 in hippocampus were +determined by real-time PCR method. Learning activities were diminished +significantly at 2 and 8 mg/kg doses in the infant model groups and at 8 mg/kg +dose in adult rats. Also, expression levels of GRIN1, SYP and GAP-43 were found +to be insignificantly altered. Only the expression of M1 were significantly +changed in high doses of adult group. Thus imidacloprid in high doses causes +deterioration in cognitive functions particularly in infant rats, and this +deterioration may be associated with changes in the expressions of related genes. + +© 2015 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2015 +International Journal of Experimental Pathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12139 +PMCID: PMC4693560 +PMID: 26568164 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +380. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Oct-Dec;58(4):560-2. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.168883. + +An extraneural primary anaplastic ependymoma at the subcutaneous inguinal region: +Report of a rare case. + +Sayar H(1), Ersen A, Kurtul N, Yazar MF, Balakan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam +University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. + +Ependymomas commonly arise in the central nervous system. Extraneural +presentation is quite rare. Herein, we describe a primary extraneural ependymoma +in a young female. The mass was located in the right inguinal area. The cut +surface of the 7.5 mm × 6.5 mm × 4.5 mm sized tumor was brownish-yellow in color. +Histologically, it was hypercellular exhibiting pseudorosette or rosette +formations and some papillary structures. Mitosis was counted as high as 10 per +10 high power fields. Neither necrosis nor vascular endothelial proliferation +within the tumor was observed. Tumor cells showed strong glial fibrillary acidic +protein immunoreactivity. On epithelial membrane antigen, intracytoplasmic +dot-like immunostaining was observed. This is the first report presenting a +primary extraneural anaplastic ependymoma arising in the inguinal subcutaneous +region. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.168883 +PMID: 26549094 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +381. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Oct-Dec;58(4):534-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.168885. + +Nevus sebaceus with basal cell carcinoma, poroma, and verruca vulgaris. + +Cicek AF(1), Aykan A, Yapici A, Gamsizkan M, Ozturk S, Demiriz M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +Nevus sebaceus (NS) is a congenital, benign, hamartomatous lesion and it is +possible to see several benign or malignant tumors accompanying it. One of these +is the poroma, which is very rare, and has only been reported twice before, in +the English literature. In this paper, we presented two new cases of NS. One of +them was a 40-year-old male who presented with a congenital skin lesion on his +temporoparietal region. This lesion was composed of four different lesions, +including NS, poroma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and verruca vulgaris. The +second patient was a 41-year-old male presenting with a yellow-brown patch on the +scalp. This lesion was comprised of NS and BCC. In addition to these +presentations, we discussed the differential diagnosis between BCC and +trichoblastoma, both of which are likely to be seen with NS. For this purpose, we +recommended an immunohistological panel, which may be useful for differentiating +these two morphologically similar lesions. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.168885 +PMID: 26549086 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +382. Neuropathology. 2016 Jun;36(3):211-26. doi: 10.1111/neup.12263. Epub 2015 Nov 6. + +Increased expressions of ADAMTS-13 and apoptosis contribute to neuropathology +during Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in mice. + +Dincel GC(1), Atmaca HT(2). + +Author information: +(1)Gumushane University, Siran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational High School, Gumushane, +Turkey. +(2)Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Kirikkale, Turkey. + +Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a protozoan parasite with the potential of +causing severe encephalitis among immunocompromised humans and animals. Our +previous study showed that T. gondii induces high nitric oxide (NO) production, +high glial activation (GFAP) and neurofilament expressions, leading to severe +neurodegeneration in toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in the central nervous system +(CNS). The aim of this experimental study was to investigate ADAMTS-13 expression +and apoptosis in CNS and to identify whether they have any correlation with +toxoplasmosis neuropathology and neurodegeneration. Mice were infected with ME49 +strain T. gondii and the levels of ADAMTS-13, caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, +TNFR1 and Bcl-xL expressions were examined in brain tissues by +immunohistochemistry, during the development and establishment of chronic +infections at 10, 30 and 60 days post-infection. Results of the study revealed +that the levels of ADAMTS-13 (P < 0.005), caspase 3 (P < 0.05), caspase 8 (P < +0.05), caspase 9 (P < 0.005) and TNFR1 (P < 0.05) expressions in the brain +markedly increased while Bcl-xL expression decreased (P < 0.005). The most +prominent finding from our study was that 10, 30 and 60 days post-infection +ADAMTS-13 increased significantly and this may play an important role in the +regulation and protection of the blood-brain barrier integrity and CNS +microenvironment in TE. These results also suggest that T. gondii-mediated +apoptosis might play a pivotal role and a different type of role in the mechanism +of neurodegeneration and neuropathology in the process of TE. Furthermore, +expression of ADAMTS-13 might give an idea of the progress and is critical for +diagnosis of this disease. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the +first report on ADAMTS-13 expression in the CNS of T. gondii-infected mice. + +© 2015 Japanese Society of Neuropathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/neup.12263 +PMID: 26542631 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +383. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2016;40(1):51-6. doi: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1088909. Epub +2015 Oct 29. + +The effects of ultraviolet C radiation on the ultrastructure of the liver cells +of mole rats. + +Tekın S(1), Türker H(2), Güven T(3), Yel M(3). + +Author information: +(1)a Department of Molecular Biology , Gaziosmanpaşa University , Tokat , Turkey. +(2)b Department of Biology, Science Faculty , Ankara University , Ankara , +Turkey. +(3)c Biology Education Department, Gazi Faculty of Education , Gazi University , +Ankara , Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to elucidate the ultrastructural changes in the liver +cells of mole rats (Spalax leucodon) exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). +Thirteen mole rats used in this study were caught from nature. They were divided +into four groups. The first group was separated as a control and was not given +any radiation. The rest were exposed to ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation for 7, 14, +and 21 days. The electron microscopic examinations revealed that significant +ultrastructural changes occurred in the liver tissue. These changes were the +reduction in cytoplasmic organelles, dilatation in rough endoplasmic reticulum, +impairment of nucleus membrane, and broadened and vacuolated mitochondria in the +cytoplasm. Also, UVC radiation caused significant changes in liver enzymes of +aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and +gama-glutamiltransferase values. After long-term exposure to radiation, some +excessive ultrastructural changes occurred. These results indicated that longer +exposure to UVR would cause more ultrastructural effects on the liver cells and +liver enzymes. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1088909 +PMID: 26512906 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +384. Endocr Pathol. 2015 Dec;26(4):374-6. doi: 10.1007/s12022-015-9399-y. + +Not All Post-FNA Spindle Cell Proliferations in the Thyroid Are of +Myofibroblastic Origin: Follicular Adenoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia. + +Yegen G(1), Büyük M(2), Solmaz İC(3), Önder S(2), Öztürk Ş(2), Mete Ö(4)(5)(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. gulcinyegen@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. +(5)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, +Toronto, Canada. +(6)Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, +Canada. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-015-9399-y +PMID: 26490689 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +385. Endocr Pathol. 2015 Dec;26(4):356-64. doi: 10.1007/s12022-015-9401-8. + +Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Does Not Affect Ultrasonographical, Cytological, and +Histopathological Features in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. + +Baser H(1), Ozdemir D(2), Cuhaci N(2), Aydin C(2), Ersoy R(2), Kilicarslan A(3), +Cakir B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Ovecler, 1297 Sokak, No: 1/22, 06460, Ankara, Turkey. +drhusniyebaser@yahoo.com.tr. +(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim +Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, +Ankara, Turkey. + +The association between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto's +thyroiditis (HT) is controversial. In this study, we aimed to compare +preoperative thyroid functions, ultrasonography (US) features, fine-needle +aspiration biopsy (FNAB) results, and histopathological characteristics of PTC in +patients with and without HT. Data of 919 PTC patients were reviewed +retrospectively. The diagnosis of HT was based on histopathological examination +and patients were grouped as HT and non-HT. There were 1321 PTC lesions in 919 +patients among which 317 (34.5 %) had coexistent HT. There were no significant +differences in nodule volume, longitudinal diameter, texture, echogenicity, +marginal regularity, presence of microcalcification and hypoechoic halo, and +peripheral vascularization in patients with and without HT (p > 0.05, for all +parameters). Macrocalcification was observed more frequently in the non-HT group +(p = 0.021). FNAB results were similar in the two groups (p = 0.105). +Distribution of variants, capsule invasion, vascular invasion, and extrathyroidal +extension were observed with similar rates in the HT and non-HT groups. Lymph +node metastasis was significantly higher in patients without HT (p = 0.012). Of +the carcinomas, 66.1 % (n = 874) were papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). +Tumor size was lower in PTMC lesions coexistent with HT (p = 0.026). We observed +lower rates of capsule invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node +metastases in PTMC with HT compared to without HT (p = 0.007, p = 0.003, and +p = 0.015, respectively). This study showed that US features, FNAB results, and +histopathological findings of PTC lesions are not influenced by the presence of +HT. However, PTMC seems to be related with less aggressive histopathological +behavior in HT. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-015-9401-8 +PMID: 26481630 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +386. Hum Pathol. 2015 Dec;46(12):1951-5. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.07.027. Epub 2015 +Sep 5. + +Renal carcinoma associated with a novel succinate dehydrogenase A mutation: a +case report and review of literature of a rare subtype of renal carcinoma. + +Ozluk Y(1), Taheri D(2), Matoso A(3), Sanli O(4), Berker NK(1), Yakirevich E(4), +Balasubramanian S(5), Ross JS(6), Ali SM(5), Netto GJ(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, +MD; Department of Pathology, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan +University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. +(3)Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of +Brown University, Providence, RI. +(4)Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Foundation Medicine Inc, Cambridge, MA. +(6)Foundation Medicine Inc, Cambridge, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory +Medicine, Albany Medical School, Albany, NY. +(7)Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical +Institutions, Baltimore, MD. Electronic address: gnetto1@jhmi.edu. + +Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) linked to germline mutation of succinate dehydrogenase +subunits A, B, C, and D (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD, respectively) has been +recently included as a provisional entity in the 2013 International Society of +Urological Pathology Vancouver classification. Most SDH-deficient tumors show +SDHB mutation, with only a small number of RCC with SDHC or SDHD having been +reported to date. Only one case of SDH-deficient renal carcinoma known to be SDHA +mutated has been previously reported. Here we report an additional RCC harboring +an SDHA mutation occurring in a 62-year-old man with right flank pain and nodal +metastasis. The tumor was characterized by an infiltrative pattern with solid, +acinar, and papillary components. Loss of SDHA and SDHB protein by +immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Hybrid capture-based comprehensive +genomic profiling identified 3 genomic alterations in tumor tissue: (i) a novel +single-nucleotide splice site deletion in SDHA gene, (ii) single-nucleotide +deletion in NF2 gene, and (iii) EGFR gene amplification of 19 copies. This is the +second report of SDHA-mutated RCC. With increased awareness, this rare tumor can +be recognized on the basis of distinctive morphology and confirmation by +immunohistochemistry and genomic profiling. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.07.027 +PMID: 26476567 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +387. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015;34(6):365-74. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1087610. Epub +2015 Oct 14. + +Do Placental Histopathologic Characteristics Differ with Gestational Ages in +Preterm and Term Deliveries? + +Doğan K(1), Salihoglu O(2), Sever N(3), Tombul T(1), Sari E(4), Yaşar L(1). + +Author information: +(1)a Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research +Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. +(2)b Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics , Bakirkoy Dr Sadi +Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. +(3)c Pathology, Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital , Istanbul +, Turkey. +(4)d Department of Pediatrics , Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research +Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +The study aim is to evaluate the placental histopathological characteristics and +maternal risk factors in preterm and term births according to their weeks of +gestation. We designed a prospective study involving a patient population (n = +355) composed of pregnant women who delivered preterm (n = 216) and term neonates +(n = 139). The preterm births were divided into three groups as extremely (n = +22), moderate (n = 96) and late preterm (n = 98) births. The statistical analyses +were performed using SPSS version 15 software. There was significant difference +regarding maternal vascular underperfusion and inflammation in the extremely +preterm group compared with the other groups (P = 0.001), but fetal vascular +obstruction and villitis of unknown etiology were not found significantly +different. According to our study results, the careful examination of the +placenta of premature babies, particularly those of extremely preterm births, +should be part of routine obstetrical management to determine the causes of +preterm birth. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1087610 +PMID: 26467259 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +388. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Dec;43(12):978-86. doi: 10.1002/dc.23380. Epub 2015 Oct +15. + +Accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of breast cancer a +single-center retrospective study from Turkey with cytohistological correlation +in 733 cases. + +Aker F(1), Gümrükçü G(1), Onomay BÇ(1), Erkan M(1), Gürleyik G(2), Kiliçoğlu +G(3), Karagüllü H(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Surgery, Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Radiology, Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The triple test, i.e., cytology combined with clinical and +radiological findings, is the goal for accurate assessment of palpable breast +lesions. Because of the limitations of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), +its utility has somewhat decreased nationwide. We have been using a combination +of physical examination, radiological modalities, and FNAC for the diagnosis of +palpable/nonpalpable breast mass lesions for the last 23 years. Our institutional +experience of the last 10 years is presented here, using FNAC of breast lesions +along with an analysis of the diagnostic accuracy. +METHODS: 4956 breast aspirates in 4860 cases were collected from the computer +database of Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital in Istanbul, +Turkey. Most of the FNACs were performed under ultrasound guidance and FNAC +procedures were performed by radiologists and pathologists who used 22 gauge +needles. Cytological diagnoses were classified as "unsatisfactory", "benign", +"malignant", "atypical/probably benign", "atypical/probably malignant", and +"atypical/NOS" (not otherwise specified) and were compared to the +histopathological diagnoses obtained from core needle biopsy, lumpectomy or +mastectomy to give an assessment of the diagnostic performance of FNAC in 733 +aspirates. +RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive +value, false positive, and false negative rates of FNAC were 98.02, 90.58, 95.97, +96.48, 94.54, 2.6, and 1.4%, respectively. +CONCLUSIONS: This study once again shows that FNAC is a reliable method for the +initial evaluation and diagnosis of breast masses. In case of any suspicious +conditions, FNAC, and core biopsy are considered complementary to one another. + +© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23380 +PMID: 26466750 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +389. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Aug 1;8(8):8774-85. eCollection 2015. + +Effects of jnk inhibitor on inflammation and fibrosis in the ovary tissue of a +rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. + +Bulut G(1), Kurdoglu Z(2), Dönmez YB(3), Kurdoglu M(4), Erten R(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine Van, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Education and Research +Hospital Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal +University Tekirdag-Turkey. +(4)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University +Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Jun N-terminal +kinase inhibitor (SP600125) on fibrosis and inflammation in rats with polycystic +ovary syndrome (PCOS). +METHOD: 50 Wistar-albino rats were divided into five groups (n=10 each): control +group, sham group, PCOS group, SP600125+ PCOS group and SP600125 group. In the +estradiol valerate (EV)-treated group in which PCOS was injected with a single 4 +mg/kg i.p. of EV in 0.2 ml sesame oil and the rats were sacrificed on day 60. The +estradiol valerate (EV)-treated + SP600125-treated group was injected with a +single 4 mg/kg i.p. of EV in 0.2 ml sesame oil. As of day 60, the treatment group +was additionally given 15 mg/kg i.p. of SP600125 once daily for 4 consecutive +days and the rats were sacrificed on day 65. Histopathological findings (ovarian +morphology, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular congestion and +hyperemia) and collagen type IV immunoexpression were assessed. +RESULTS: The SP600125+ PCOS group showed a significant level of improvement in +ovarian follicle morphology, edema, inflammatory infiltrate, vascular congestion +and hyperemia as compared with the PCOS group. Furthermore, collagen type IV +immunoexpression showed a significant reduction in staining intensity on the +theca cell layer and ovary stroma as compared to the PCOS group. +CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the therapeutic effect of SP600125 in the +prevention of PCOS in an experimental model. + + +PMCID: PMC4583852 +PMID: 26464620 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +390. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Aug 1;8(8):8709-16. eCollection 2015. + +Diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration biopsy in non-thyroidal head and neck +lesions: a retrospective study of 866 aspiration materials. + +Göret CC(1), Göret NE(2), Özdemir ZT(3), Özkan EA(4), Doğan M(5), Yanık S(6), +Gümrükçü G(1), Aker FV(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Education and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Bozok University Training and Research +Hospital Yozgat, Turkey. +(4)Department of Pediatric Clinic, Bozok University Training and Research +Hospital, Pediatric Clinic Yozgat, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Atatürk University School of Medicine Erzurum, +Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, İskenderun State Hospital Hatay, Turkey. + +AIM: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration +biopsy (FNAB) and compared our FNAB results of non-thyroidal head and neck +lesions with excisional biopsy results. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 866 aspiration material taken from different +parts of head and neck region out of thyroid were evaluated at Haydarpasa Numune +Training and Research Hospital Pathology Laboratory, between January 2002 and May +2013 and 248 of which has histopathologic response were included in the study. +Patients depending on origin of the masses were divided into three categories as; +salivary gland, lymph nodes and soft tissue/cystic lesions. The sensitivity, +specificity, diagnostic accuracy values of fine needle aspiration biopsies have +been investigated for all the series and individually for each category. +FINDINGS: Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive +value and negative predictive values of non-thyroidal head and neck masses were +respectively; For all of the series; 94.6%, 97.9%, 96.7%, 95.9%, 97.2%, Salivary +gland: 88.9%, 100%, 98.8%, 100%, 98.7%, Lymph nodes: 94.7%, 89.3%, 92.9%, 94.7%, +89.2%, Soft tissue/cystic lesions: 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%. For all of the +series; there were 4 false negative (FN) cases; and 3 false positive (FP) cases. +CONCLUSION: FNAB in the diagnosis of head and neck masses; it is an easy, cheap +and usefull procedure. + + +PMCID: PMC4583847 +PMID: 26464615 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +391. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2016 Jan;68(1):55-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.09.008. Epub +2015 Oct 14. + +Is montelukast as effective as N-acetylcysteine in hepatic injury due to +acetaminophen intoxication in rats? + +İçer M(1), Zengin Y(2), Gunduz E(2), Dursun R(2), Durgun HM(2), Turkcu G(3), +Yuksel H(4), Üstündağ M(2), Guloglu C(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, +Diyarbakır, Turkey. Electronic address: drmicer@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, +Diyarbakır, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, +Turkey. + +This study aims to investigate the acute protective effect of montelukast sodium +in hepatic injury secondary to acetaminophen (APAP) intoxication. This study used +60 rats. The rats were grouped into 6 groups. The control group was administered +oral distilled water 10 ml/kg, the APAP group oral APAP 1 g/kg, the montelukast +sodium (MK) group oral MK 30 mg/kg, the acetaminophen+N-acetylcysteine (APAP+NAC) +group oral APAP 1 g/kg, followed by a single dose of intraperitoneal NAC 1.5 g/kg +three hours later, the acetaminophen+montelukast sodium (APAP+MK) group oral APAP +1 g/kg, followed by oral MK 30 mg/kg 3 h later, the +acetaminophen+N-acetylcysteine+montelukast sodium (APAP+NAC+MK) group oral APAP 1 +g/kg, followed by a single intraperitoneal NAC 1.5 g/kg plus oral MK 30 mg/kg 3 h +later. Blood and liver tissue samples were taken 24h after drug administration. +Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline +phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin were studied from the blood samples. Liver +tissue samples were used for histopathological examination. Compared with the +control group, serum AST and ALT activities were higher in the APAP and APAP+NAC +groups. APAP+NAC, APAP+MK, and APAP+NAC+MK groups had reduced serum ALT and AST +activities than the group administered APAP alone. APAP+MK and APAP+NAC+MK groups +had a lower serum ALP activity than the control group. Histopathologically, there +was a difference between the group administered APAP alone and the APAP+MK and +APAP+NAC+MK groups. MK is as protective as NAC in liver tissue in APAP +intoxication in rats. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.09.008 +PMID: 26462568 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +392. Virchows Arch. 2016 Mar;468(3):259-75. doi: 10.1007/s00428-015-1858-9. Epub 2015 +Oct 10. + +The many faces of small B cell lymphomas with plasmacytic differentiation and the +contribution of MYD88 testing. + +Swerdlow SH(1), Kuzu I(2), Dogan A(3), Dirnhofer S(4), Chan JK(5), Sander B(6), +Ott G(7), Xerri L(8), Quintanilla-Martinez L(9), Campo E(10). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh +School of Medicine, Room G-335, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. +swerdlowsh@upmc.edu. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Hematopathology Service, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, +Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. +(4)Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. +(5)Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China. +(6)Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institut +and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. +(7)Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital and Dr. Margarete +Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany. +(8)Department of Bio-Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes and Aix-Marseille +University, Marseille, France. +(9)Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of +Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, +Germany. +(10)Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. + +Plasmacytic differentiation may occur in almost all small B cell lymphomas +(SBLs), although it varies from being uniformly present (as in lymphoplasmacytic +lymphoma (LPL)) to very uncommon (as in mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs)). The +discovery of MYD88 L265P mutations in the vast majority of LPLs has had a major +impact on the study of these lymphomas. Review of the cases contributed to the +2014 European Association for Haematopathology/Society for Hematopathology slide +workshop illustrated how mutational testing has helped refine the diagnostic +criteria for LPL, emphasizing the importance of identifying a clonal monotonous +lymphoplasmacytic population and highlighting how LPL can still be diagnosed with +extensive nodal architectural effacement, very subtle plasmacytic +differentiation, follicular colonization, or uncommon phenotypes such as CD5 or +CD10 expression. MYD88 L265P mutations were found in 11/11 LPL cases versus only +2 of 28 other SBLs included in its differential diagnosis. Mutational testing +also helped to exclude other cases that would have been considered LPL in the +past. The workshop also highlighted how plasmacytic differentiation can occur in +chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, +SOX11 negative MCL, and particularly in marginal zone lymphomas, all of which can +cause diagnostic confusion with LPL. The cases also highlighted the difficulty in +distinguishing lymphomas with marked plasmacytic differentiation from plasma cell +neoplasms. Some SBLs with plasmacytic differentiation can be associated with +amyloid, other immunoglobulin deposition, or crystal-storing histiocytosis, which +may obscure the underlying neoplasm. Finally, although generally indolent, LPL +may transform, with the workshop cases suggesting a role for TP53 abnormalities. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1858-9 +PMCID: PMC5002945 +PMID: 26454445 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +393. Diagn Pathol. 2015 Oct 9;10:186. doi: 10.1186/s13000-015-0420-z. + +Primary sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma of kidney with variant +histomorphologic features: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. + +Ertoy Baydar D(1), Kosemehmetoglu K(2), Aydin O(3), Bridge JA(4), Buyukeren B(5), +Aki FT(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +dertoy@hacettepe.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +dokemal@hotmail.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University Hospital, Samsun, Turkey. +uzaydin@yahoo.com. +(4)Departments of Pathology/Microbiology, Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, +Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. jbridge@unmc.edu. +(5)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +berrinbuyukeren@hotmail.com. +(6)Department of Urology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +ftuncayaki@yahoo.com. + +The authors present two cases of primary sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma +(SEF) of the kidney. Both patients had a mass in the upper part of the left +kidney without any primary extrarenal neoplastic lesions. Grossly, the tumors +were solid masses both measuring 7.5 cm in the greatest diameter. Histologically, +one of the lesions exhibited a predominantly lobular growth of round or oval +small uniform epithelioid cells in variable cellularity. Circular zones of +crowded tumor cells alternating with hypocellular collagenous tissue in a +concentric fashion around entrapped native renal tubules were distinctive. The +second case was distinctive with significant cytological atypia in the neoplastic +cells and prominent reactive proliferations in the trapped renal tubules. +Immunohistochemically, vimentin, bcl-2 and MUC4 were diffusely positive in both. +They were negative for S-100 protein, CD34, and desmin, whereas CD99 were +positive in one lesion. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assay using dual +staining probes detected EWSR1-CREB3L1 fusion in each lesion, which is +characteristic molecular findings of SEF. One patient presented widespread +distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. In the other, no tumor deposits were +detected other than primary. Both patients have been alive with 30 and 10 month +follow-ups, respectively. These tumors are 6th and 7th cases of primary renal SEF +in the literature confirmed by FISH study, which exhibit unique and remarkable +histomorphologic features. + +DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0420-z +PMCID: PMC4599747 +PMID: 26449317 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +394. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2015 Nov;34(6):546-50. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000234. + +Coexistence of Microcystic Stromal Tumor of the Ovary With Mutation of β-Catenin +and Contralateral Mucinous Cystadenoma. + +Gunes P(1), Kir G, Yilmaz İ, Küçükodaci Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, (P.G.), Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research +Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey Department of Pathology, (G.K.), Ümraniye Training and +Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey; and Department of Pathology, (I.Y., Z.K.), +Gülhane Military Medical Academy, İstanbul, Turkey. + +Comment on + Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2015 Mar;34(2):121-5. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000234 +PMID: 26444252 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +395. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2016 Sep;90(5):449-54. doi: 10.1002/cyto.b.21330. Epub +2015 Dec 14. + +Peripheral blood regulatory T cell levels are correlated with some poor +prognostic markers in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients. + +Gunduz E(1), Sermet S(2), Musmul A(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Hematology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, +Eskisehir, Turkey. erengunduz26@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Internal Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of +Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biostatistics, , Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of +Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of CD4+ T +cells which maintain the immune system homeostasis. They may increase during +cancer progression and have been correlated with a worse prognosis in many +malignancies. However, the role of Treg cells in lymphoma is debated. +METHODS: In this study, we assessed the peripheral blood levels of CD4+ CD25+ +FOXP3+ Tregs in newly diagnosed patients with lymphoma and tried to find a +relationship with patient characteristics. Twenty one patients with Hodgkin +lymphoma (HL), 40 patients with non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 30 healthy sex +matched controls were included in the study. Analysis were done by 3-color flow +cytometry and only helper T cells were selected directly using CD4perCP as a +gating strategy. +RESULTS: In HL group; there was a positive correlation with IPS, CRP, LDH and +negative correlation with albumin, absolute lymphocyte count. Tregs were higher +in male HL patients. In NHL group; there was a positive correlation with stage, +IPI, CRP, LDH and a negative correlation with albumin ve absolute lymphocyte +count. +CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between peripheral blood Treg levels and +some poor prognostic parameters in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients. This +relationship suggests a possible prognostic role of Tregs in lymphoma. Further +research is needed in determining how to use Tregs as a prognostic factor. © 2015 +International Clinical Cytometry Society. + +© 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21330 +PMID: 26444991 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +396. Folia Neuropathol. 2015;53(3):262-9. doi: 10.5114/fn.2015.54623. + +Investigation of iron's neurotoxicity during cerebral maturation in the neonatal +rat model of haemolysis. + +Akar E, Ünalp A(1), Diniz G, Ortac R, Senturk B, Yilmaz O, Kiray M, Tepetam M, +Coker C, Cangar S. + +Author information: +(1)Assoc. Prof. Aycan Ünalp, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Dr. Behcet Uz +Child Diseases and Pediatric Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Montro, +Izmir, Turkey, phone: +90 232 2387097, e-mail: aycanunalp@mynet.com. + +INTRODUCTION: Haemolytic disease of newborns due to rhesus and AB0 +incompatibility is encountered frequently in neonatal clinics and may lead to +severe haemolysis. In this study, it is suggested that important amounts of iron +released with haemolysis may have a toxic effect on the brain parenchymal tissue, +and the severity of the toxic effect can be correlated with the maturation of the +brain barrier systems. To demonstrate the accumulation and the neuro-toxic +effects of free iron (Fe) in the brain an experimental haemolysis model with +various maturation phases was performed. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was composed of 48 Wistar rats with the following +ages: five days old (Group A), 10 days old (Group B), and 19 days old (Group C). +Each group was divided into three experimental subgroups and three control +groups. Experimental groups were treated with intraperitoneal 75 mg/kg/day phenyl +hydrazine hydrochloride for haemolysis. +RESULTS: We demonstrated that the blood brain barrier (BBB) is permeable in +five-day-old newborn rats and is mature in 10- and 19-day-old rats. Iron staining +and neuronal damage were detected in group A and group B rats. No damage was +detected in the brain tissue of group C animals. The presence of iron staining +and neuronal damage in group B with mature BBB may suggest the existence of other +incomplete barrier systems different from BBB that lead to iron accumulation in +the brain. +CONCLUSIONS: Blood brain barrier has a partial role in Fe transport, and the +alternative barrier systems may also be involved. It could be supposed that after +maturation of all barrier systems, excessive Fe penetration to the brain cannot +occur. Our findings showed that the toxic amounts of iron may penetrate into the +brain parenchyma of newborns despite the BBB preservation and cause neuronal +damage in newborns, but the mature brain is not affected by the same magnitude +blood levels. + +DOI: 10.5114/fn.2015.54623 +PMID: 26443317 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +397. J Oral Pathol Med. 2016 May;45(5):329-37. doi: 10.1111/jop.12372. Epub 2015 Oct +5. + +Copy number increase of oncoprotein CIP2A is associated with poor patient +survival in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. + +Routila J(1), Bilgen T(2)(3), Saramäki O(2)(4), Grénman R(5), Visakorpi T(2)(4), +Westermarck J(1)(6), Ventelä S(1)(5). + +Author information: +(1)Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, +Turku, Finland. +(2)Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical +Technology-BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. +(3)Research and Application Centre for Scientific and Technological +Investigations (NABILTEM), Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey. +(4)Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. +(5)Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University +Hospital, Turku, Finland. +(6)Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. + +BACKGROUND: CIP2A, an inhibitor of PP2A tumour suppressor function, is a widely +overexpressed biomarker of aggressive disease and poor therapy response in +multiple human cancer types. +METHODS: CIP2A and DPPA4 copy number alterations and expression were analysed by +fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in +different cell lines and a tissue microarray of 52 HNSCC patients. Results were +correlated with patient survival and other clinicopathological data. +RESULTS: CIP2A and DPPA4 copy number increase occurred at a relatively high +frequency in human HNSCC patient samples. CIP2A but not DPPA4 FISH status was +significantly associated with patient survival. CIP2A detection by combining IHC +with FISH yielded superior resolution in the prognostication of HNSCC. +CONCLUSIONS: CIP2A copy number increase is associated with poor patient survival +in human HNSCC. We suggest that the reliability and prognostic value of CIP2A +detection can be improved by performing FISH analysis to CIP2A IHC positive +tumours. + +© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12372 +PMID: 26436875 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +398. Virchows Arch. 2015 Dec;467(6):723-732. Epub 2015 Sep 24. + +Molecular alterations in malignant blue nevi and related blue lesions. + +Yilmaz I(1), Gamsizkan M(2), Sari SO(3), Yaman B(4), Demirkesen C(5), Heper A(6), +Calli AO(7), Narli G(8), Kucukodaci Z(8), Berber U(9), Demirel D(8), Akalin T(4), +Demiriz M(10), Buyukbabani N(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. isyilmaz@gata.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Erzurum Military Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey. +(3)Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara University, Ankara, +Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Training and +Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(8)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(9)Department of Pathology, Corlu Military Hospital, Corlu, Tekirdag, Turkey. +(10)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical +Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +Malignant blue nevi (MBN) are extremely rare dermal melanocytic tumors that arise +in association with atypical cellular blue nevi (ACBN), cellular blue nevi (CBN), +common blue nevi (BN), or de novo. The frequency of BRAF, NRAS, and KIT mutations +in malignant melanoma varies according to histological subtype and localization. +These mutations are rarely observed in blue nevi, which have recently been shown +to carry activating mutations in GNAQ/GNA11 genes. Only few small molecular +studies of MBN have been published. The aim of the present study was to analyze +in MBN and related blue lesions such as ACBN, CBN, and BN the prevalence of BRAF, +NRAS, KIT, GNAQ, and GNA11 gene mutations and their association with +clinicopathological features. We included in our study 12 MBN, 6 ACBN, 29 CBN, +and 35 common BN diagnosed between 1996 and 2014. Sanger sequencing method was +used for mutation analysis. Overall, GNAQ exon 5 mutation was the most frequent +alteration (46 %), in 2 of 12 (17 %) MBN, 1 of 6 (17 %) ACBN, 22 of 29 (76 %) +CBN, and 13 of 35 (37 %) common BN. BRAF V600E and GNA11 exon 5 mutations were +respectively detected in 3 of 12 (25 %) and in 2 of 12 (17 %) MBN while none in +ACBN, CBN, and common BN. None of the cases harbored NRAS exon 2/3, KIT exon +9/11/13/17/18, or GNAQ/GNA11 exon 4 mutations. GNAQ gene exon 5 mutations are +rare in MBN and ACBN but frequent in CBN and common BN. Remarkably, BRAF V600E +and GNA11 exon 5 mutations were only detected in MBN, whereas none were found in +ACBN, CBN, or common BN. Our data contribute new elements to the limited data on +molecular alterations in MBN. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1851-3 +PMID: 26403583 + + +399. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2015 Dec;36(4):317-22. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000199. + +Evaluation of Vitality in the Experimental Hanging Model of Rats by Using +Immunohistochemical IL-1β Antibody Staining. + +Balandiz H(1), Pehlivan S, Çiçek AF, Tuğcu H. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy; +†Ankara Branch of the Council of Forensic Medicine; and ‡Department of Pathology, +Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Hanging is the most common suicide method in the world, and the +discrimination of antemortem-postmortem hanging must be done at autopsy. The aim +of this experimental study was to examine the immunohistochemical expression of +IL-1β antibody at the hanging mark skin samples of rats to discriminate +antemortem and postmortem hangings. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 Wistar albino rats were used for this study. +The groups were as follows: A-1, antemortem control group; A-2, antemortem +second-hour hanging mark skin samples; A-3, antemortem 24th-hour hanging mark +skin samples; A-4, antemortem 72nd-hour hanging mark skin samples; B-1, +postmortem control group; and B-2, postmortem second-hour hanging mark skin +samples. Interleukin-1β immunostaining was performed to all tissue samples. +RESULTS: For epidermal cells, group A-1 samples did not show IL-1β +immunostaining, group A-2 samples were severely immunostained, and groups A-3 and +A-4 samples' staining were slightly decreased. There was no IL-1β antibody +staining in groups B-1 and B-2 samples. For adnexal cells, groups A-1 and B-1 +samples did not show IL-1β immunostaining, staining of group A-2 samples was mild +to severe, and groups A-3 and A-4 samples' staining were slightly decreased. Half +of the group B-2 samples did not show IL-1β immunostaining. For subepidermal +cells, most of the samples of groups A-1 and B-1 showed slight immunostaining, +groups A-2 and B-2 samples' staining were mild to severe, and there were slight +immunostaining in groups A-3 and A-4 samples. The majority of vascular structure +cells did not show IL-1β immunostaining. +CONCLUSION: Interleukin-1β immunostaining of epidermal cells can discriminate +antemortem-postmortem hangings, but vascular structure cells and subepidermal +cells cannot discriminate vital hangings. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000199 +PMID: 26398328 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +400. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015;34(5):287-306. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1068414. +Epub 2015 Aug 20. + +Perinatal Diagnostic Approach to Fetal Skeletal Dysplasias: Six Years Experience +of a Tertiary Center. + +Toru HS(1), Nur BG(2), Sanhal CY(3), Mihci E(2), Mendilcioğlu İ(3), Yilmaz E(4), +Yilmaz GT(1), Ozbudak IH(1), Karaali K(5), Alper OM(4), Karaveli FŞ(1). + +Author information: +(1)a School of Medicine, Department of Pathology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , +Turkey. +(2)b School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Genetics , Akdeniz University , +Antalya , Turkey. +(3)c School of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Akdeniz +University , Antalya , Turkey. +(4)d School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics , Akdeniz +University , Antalya , Turkey. +(5)e School of Medicine, Department of Radiology , Akdeniz University , Antalya , +Turkey. + +Skeletal dysplasias (SDs) constitute a group of heterogeneous disorders affecting +growth morphology of the chondro-osseous tissues. Prenatal diagnosis of SD is a +considerable clinical challenge due to phenotypic variability. We performed a +retrospective analysis of the fetal autopsies series conducted between January +2006 and December 2012 at our center. SD was detected in 54 (10%) out of 542 +fetal autopsy cases which included; 11.1% thanatophoric dysplasia (n = 6), 7.4% +achondroplasia (n = 4), 3.7% osteogenesis imperfect (n = 2), 1.9% Jarcho-Levin +Syndrome (n = 1), 1.9% arthrogryposis (n = 1), 1.9% Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen +syndrome (n = 1), 72.1% of dysostosis cases (n = 39). All SD cases were diagnosed +by ultrasonography. In 20 of the cases, amniocentesis was performed, 4 cases +underwent molecular genetic analyses. Antenatal identification of dysplasia is +important in the management of pregnancy and in genetic counseling. Our data +analysis showed that SD is usually detected clinically after the 20th gestational +week. Genetic analyses for SD may provide early diagnosis and management. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1068414 +PMID: 26376227 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +401. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2016 May;35(3):238-48. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000233. + +Stromal Clues in Endometrial Carcinoma: Loss of Expression of β-Catenin, +Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Regulators, and Estrogen-Progesterone Receptor. + +Senol S(1), Sayar I, Ceyran AB, Ibiloglu I, Akalin I, Firat U, Kosemetin D, Engin +Zerk P, Aydin A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology (S.S., A.B.C., P.E.Z., A.A.), Faculty of Medicine, +Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Research and Training HospitalDepartment +of Medical Genetics (I.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet +UniversityDepartment of Pathology (D.K.), Van Research and Training District +Hospital, VanDepartment of Pathology (I.S.), Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan +University, ErzincanDepartment of Pathology (I.I., U.F.), Faculty of Medicine, +Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. + +Epithelial-stroma interactions in the endometrium are known to be responsible for +physiological functions and emergence of several pathologic lesions. +Periglandular stromal cells act on endometrial cells in a paracrine manner +through sex hormones. In this study, we immunohistochemically evaluated the +expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators (SNAIL/SLUG, TWIST, +ZEB1), adhesion molecules (β-catenin and E-cadhenin), estrogen (ER)-progesterone +(PR) receptor and their correlation with each other in 30 benign, 148 +hyperplastic (EH), and 101 endometrioid-type endometrial carcinoma (EC) +endometria. In the epithelial component, loss of expression in E-cadherin, ER and +PR, and overexpression of TWIST and ZEB1 were significantly higher in EC than in +EH (P<0.01). In the periglandular stromal component, β-catenin and SNAIL/SLUG +expression were significantly higher in normal endometrium and simple without +atypical EH compared with complex atypical EH and EC (P<0.01). In addition, +periglandular stromal TWIST expression was significantly higher in EH group +compared with EC (P<0.05). There was significantly negative correlation between +β-catenin and ER, TWIST and ER, and TWIST and PR in hyperplastic and +carcinomatous glandular epithelium, whereas there was a significantly positive +correlation between β-catenin and SNAIL-SLUG, β-catenin and TWIST, β-catenin and +ER, β-catenin and PR, SNAIL-SLUG and ER, SNAIL-SLUG and PR, TWIST and ER, TWIST +and PR, in periglandular/cancer-associated stromal cells (P<0.01). In conclusion, +the pattern of positive and negative correlations in the expression of +epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators (SNAIL-SLUG and TWIST), sex hormone +receptors (ER and PR), and β-catenin between ECs and hyperplasia, as well as +between epithelium and stroma herein, is suggestive of a significant role for +these proteins and their underlying molecular processes in the development of +endometrial carcinomas. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000233 +PMCID: PMC4823869 +PMID: 26367784 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +402. APMIS. 2015 Nov;123(11):915-9. doi: 10.1111/apm.12442. Epub 2015 Sep 11. + +Autoantibodies in autoimmune liver diseases. + +Sener AG(1). + +Author information: +(1)Medical Microbiology Department, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Ataturk +Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. + +Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology characterized by +clinical, histological, and immunological features, generally including +circulating autoantibodies and a high total serum and/or gamma globulin. +Liver-related autoantibodies are very significant for the correct diagnosis and +classification of autoimmune liver diseases (AILD), namely autoimmune hepatitis +types 1 and 2 (AIH-1 and 2), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and the sclerosing +cholangitis types in adults and children. This article intends to review recent +studies that investigate autoantibodies in autoimmune liver diseases from a +microbiological perspective. + +© 2015 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12442 +PMID: 26359647 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +403. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2015 Dec;36(4):265-7. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000200. + +Hydatid Disease Involved in the Heart, Liver, and Kidney That Caused Sudden +Death: Case Report. + +Daş T(1), Özer M, Yağmur G, Yildirim M, Özgün A, Demirel H. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Pathology Department, The Ministry of Justice Forensic Council of +Turkey; †Department of Pathology, Okmeydani Education and Research Hospital; and +Departments of ‡Postmortem Microbiology and §Morgue, The Ministry of Justice +Forensic Council of Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation caused by ingestion of eggs of +echinococcal species. For Echinococcus granulosus, the definitive host is the +dog, and sheeps are the usual intermediate hosts. Humans are accidental +intermediate hosts, infected by ingestion of food contaminated with eggs shed by +dogs or foxes. The most common organs that hydatid disease encountered are the +liver and lungs. Involvement of the kidney is rare and usually accompanies the +other organ involvements. Cardiac involvement of echinococcosis is also very +rare. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with a 6-year history of asthma +who collapsed after strenuous activity and died despite the interventions carried +out. At autopsy, cystic masses were detected in the apex of the heart, in the +right kidney, and in the liver. There were no macroscopic pathologic findings in +the other organs. Microscopic examination revealed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst +in the heart, right kidney, and liver besides medial hypertrophy of the lung +vessels. Cause of death was attributed to hydatid cyst and its complications. +Patients who have symptoms akin to asthma at clinical presentation have to be +further investigated for organic cardiac and pulmonary diseases such as hydatid +cyst, especially in endemic countries. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000200 +PMID: 26355853 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +404. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2016 Jan;35(1):1-7. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000216. + +EMMPRIN (CD147) Expression in Smooth Muscle Tumors of the Uterus. + +Kefeli M(1), Yildiz L, Gun S, Ozen FZ, Karagoz F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupeli, +Samsun, Turkey. + +Smooth muscle tumors of the uterus are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the +gynecologic tract. The vast majority of these are benign leiomyomas that present +no diagnostic difficulty. Because some benign smooth muscle tumors may degenerate +and uncommon variants exist, the diagnosis can be challenging in some cases. The +goal of this research was to investigate EMMPRIN expression in leiomyomas, +leiomyoma variants, and leiomyosarcomas (LMS) to determine whether it has a +potential role in differential diagnosis. EMMPRIN expression was investigated +with immunohistochemistry in 103 uterine smooth muscle tumors, which included 19 +usual leiomyomas, 52 leiomyoma variants, and 32 LMS. They were evaluated on the +basis of staining extent, intensity, and also their combined score, and the +groups were compared. EMMPRIN expression was present in 3 of 19 (15.7%) usual +leiomyomas, 23 of 52 (44.3%) leiomyoma variants, and 28 of 32 (87.5%) LMS. There +were statistically significant differences in staining extent and intensity, and +also for their combined scores, between the LMS and benign groups. Although +uterine smooth muscle tumors are usually diagnosed easily with conventional +diagnostic criteria, the differentiation of LMS from some variants of leiomyoma +can be challenging based soley on morphology. EMMPRIN may be a valuable +immunohistochemical marker for differentiating LMS from benign smooth muscle +tumors in problematic cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0000000000000216 +PMID: 26352545 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +405. Acta Neuropathol. 2015 Oct;130(4):603. doi: 10.1007/s00401-015-1472-6. + +Erratum to: Vascular endothelial growth factor induces contralesional +corticobulbar plasticity and functional neurological recovery in the ischemic +brain. + +Reitmeir R(1), Kilic E(2), Reinboth BS(1), Guo Z(1), ElAli A(1), Zechariah A(1), +Kilic Ü(3), Hermann DM(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, +Essen, Germany. +(2)Department of Physiology, Yeditepe University Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Medical Biology, Vakif University Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, +Essen, Germany. dirk.hermann@uk-essen.de. + +Erratum for + Acta Neuropathol. 2012 Feb;123(2):273-84. + +Erratum to: Acta Neuropathol (2012) 123:273–284. DOI 10.1007/s00401‑011‑0914‑z. +The authors would like to correct Fig. 3 of the original manuscript, since the +image in Fig. 3b does not correspond to a VEGF treated animal. Corrected Fig. 3 +is shown below. We apologize for this mistake. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1472-6 +PMID: 26341346 + + +406. Pathol Oncol Res. 2016 Jan;22(1):87-94. doi: 10.1007/s12253-015-9983-y. Epub 2015 +Sep 5. + +Characterization of Notch Signalling Pathway Members in Normal Prostate, +Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) and Prostatic Adenocarcinoma. + +Soylu H(1), Acar N(1), Ozbey O(1), Unal B(2), Koksal IT(3), Bassorgun I(2), +Ciftcioglu A(2), Ustunel I(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, +07070, Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, +07070, Turkey. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. iustunel@akdeniz.edu.tr. + +Prostate Cancer (PCa) holds the second place in terms of cancer-related mortality +rate among men. The Notch signalling pathway regulates the proliferation and +differentiation in embryonic and adult tissues and determines the cell fate. The +body of knowledge in the present literature is currently controversial about the +effect of the Notch pathway on prostatic cancer. Therefore, the present study +aimed to examine the immunolocalization and expression levels of Notch1-4, +Jagged1-2, Delta, HES1 and HES5 from among the members of the Notch signalling +pathway in tissues of normal, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and +malignant prostate. The current study included a sample of 20 patients with +localised prostatic adenocarcinoma, 18 patients with high grade PIN (H-PIN) and +18 normal prostatic tissue. Immunolocalisations of Notch1, 2, 3, 4, Jagged1, 2, +Delta, HES1 and HES5 were identified through the immunohistochemical method. The +findings of the present study showed that all in-scope members of the Notch +signalling pathway were localised in PIN structures to a greater extent than in +other tissues and from amongst these members, specifically Notch1, Notch4, +Jagged1 and HES1 were at more significant levels. Consequently, the findings of +the present study may indicate that the Notch signalling pathway can play a role +especially in the formation of PIN structures. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9983-y +PMID: 26341090 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +407. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Jul 1;8(7):8038-47. eCollection 2015. + +Effects of hypoxia and its relationship with apoptosis, stem cells, and +angiogenesis on the thymus of children with congenital heart defects: a +morphological and immunohistochemical study. + +Ceyran AB(1), Şenol S(1), Güzelmeriç F(2), Tunçer E(3), Tongut A(3), Özbek B(3), +Şavluk Ö(2), Aydın A(1), Ceyran H(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research +Hospital İstanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Anesthesiology, Koşuyolu Training and Research Hospital +İstanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Koşuyolu Training and Research +Hospital İstanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The thymus slowly involutes with age after puberty. Various stress +conditions accelerate the involution of the thymus and cause changes in the +histologic structure of the gland. +OBJECTIVE: The present study performed histomorphological and immunohistochemical +(IHC) evaluations of the thymus glands removed during surgical repair in patients +with cyanotic or acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD). The thymus glands in +the hypoxic group were compared to those in the non-hypoxic group. This study +suggested that the activation of HIF-1 alpha promotes tumor progression and +impair prognosis due to the inhibition of apoptosis, increased population of stem +cells, and induction of angiogenesis also suggested that inactivation of HIF-1 +alpha in tumor-infiltrated tissues could halt tumor progression and improve +prognosis. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 76 thymus glands removed from patients +who underwent an operation due to CHD. Of these cases, 38 had cyanotic CHD, and +constituted the hypoxic group. The remaining 38 patients had acyanotic CHD, and +constituted the non-hypoxic group. IHC procedures were performed for HIF-1 alpha, +FoxP3, CD44, Bcl-2, and CD34. +RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between the hypoxic and +non-hypoxic groups only in terms of medullary enlargement toward the cortex and +effacement of the corticomedullary junction. In the immunohistochemical +examination for five markers, staining intensity and staining rates increased +with decreasing oxygen saturation. +CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the activation of HIF-1 alpha promotes tumor +progression and impair prognosis due to the inhibition of apoptosis, increased +population of stem cells, and induction of angiogenesis. + + +PMCID: PMC4555698 +PMID: 26339370 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +408. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Jul 1;8(7):7961-6. eCollection 2015. + +Intraoperative pathology consultation for pulmonary lesions: errors and +deferrals. + +Akyildiz EU(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Uludag +University Gorukle, Nilufer, Bursa, Turkey. + +The accuracy rate of frozen section constitutes an important step of quality +assessment step in pathology practice. This study aimed to investigate pulmonary +lesions that were incorrectly diagnosed or postponed for routine examination by +pathologists at frozen section examination; it also aimed to discuss the reasons +for difficult diagnoses and the various clues enabling the correct diagnosis to +be made when such lesions are encountered. This study retrospectively reviewed +the medical data of the thoracic surgery cases that underwent frozen section +examination between 2009 and 2014. Frozen section errors and deferrals were +identified in 25 cases. Fourteen (56%) lesions were of pulmonary parenchymal +origin and 11 (44%) were of pleural origin. The number of cases in which the +pathologists postponed the diagnosis without making any approach was 14. Of +these, 9 (64%) were benign lesions such as bronchiectasis, fibrosis anthracosis, +chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, chronic pleuritis, and mesothelial +proliferation. The number of misdiagnosed cases was 11. Of these, 7 (64%) were of +pulmonary and 4 (36%) were of pleural origin. Because the examination techniques +of each pathology department may differ from one another, the comparative +examination of frozen sections and routine sections would aid in becoming +familiar with various pathologies and would be beneficial for pathologists in +minimizing their diagnostic errors. + + +PMCID: PMC4555690 +PMID: 26339362 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +409. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Jul 1;8(7):7798-808. eCollection 2015. + +Corticosteroid pre-treated primary CNS lymphoma: a detailed analysis of +stereotactic biopsy findings and consideration of interobserver variability. + +Önder E(1), Arıkök AT(1), Önder S(2), Han Ü(1), Sorar M(3), Kertmen H(3), Yılmaz +ED(1), Fesli R(3), Alper M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, S.B Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research and +Training Hospital Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Neurosurgery, S.B Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research and +Training Hospital Ankara, Turkey. + +Prior corticosteroid therapy presents a major challenge in the diagnosis of CNS +lymphomas, particularly in stereotactic biopsies. In this study we analysed the +cytological, histopathological and immunohistochemical features in stereotactic +biopsies of 25 primary CNS lymphoma cases pre-treated with corticosteroids. We +documented the extent and the frequency of each finding. We also investigated the +significance of subjectivity in evaluation of these biopsies in 3 seperate +sessions including the final diagnostic decision. In 48% of our cases the +diagnosis was straightforward. These cases were characterized by prominent blasts +either in diffuse paranchymal infiltrates or in perivascular regions. The +remaining 52% demonstrated some degree of variability among pathologists. +Lymphoid atypia other than the typical blastic morphology appeared as a +subjective finding and this was more pronounced in cytology preparations. In our +study, corticosteroid pre-treatment in primary CNS lymphoma was associated with a +large spectrum of histopathological, immunohistochemical and cytological +findings. Combined use of an extended immunohistochemical panel would increase +the possibility of conclusive diagnosis. Nevertheless some of these findings and +therefore the diagnosis are open to subjectivity. + + +PMCID: PMC4555672 +PMID: 26339344 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +410. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2017 May;92(3):180-188. doi: 10.1002/cyto.b.21280. Epub +2015 Dec 12. + +Monocytes and macrophages in flow: an ESCCA initiative on advanced analyses of +monocyte lineage using flow cytometry. + +Lambert C(1), Preijers FWMB(2), Yanikkaya Demirel G(3), Sack U(4). + +Author information: +(1)Immunology Laboratory, CNRS UMR5307 Labo Georges Friedel (LGF), Pole De +Biologie-Pathologie, University Hospital, St Etienne, France. +(2)Department of Laboratory Medicine Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University +Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. +(3)Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty; Translational Centre for +Regenerative Medicine (TRM), Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. + +In April 2013, a symposium was organized to highlight different aspects of +differentiation and activation of the monocyte-macrophage lineage as analyzed on +the flow cytometer. Characterization of this lineage requires knowledge of the +maturation process from their progenitors that are present in bone marrow up to +the mature monocytic cells in peripheral blood, because each monocytic lineage +cell with an aberrant phenotype refers to the corresponding maturation stage. A +standardized quantitative analysis will facilitate the monitoring of the +pathological processes and the clinical features, such as the outcome of +treatment. However, changes in marker expression by variation in intensity, +asynchronism, and lineage infidelity must be considered. The dynamics of normal +marker expressions in early differentiation stages, e.g. molecules like HLA II, +CD64 or CD14, give rise to a hypothesis on their possible role in monocyte +ontogeny. Besides their usual role in tissue homeostasis, mature macrophages may +also play a similar role in hematopoiesis. This meeting highlighted the large +potential of flow cytometric tools available for monitoring of all these aspects +in the monocytic and macrophage cell lineage. © 2015 International Clinical +Cytometry Society. + +© 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21280 +PMID: 26332381 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +411. J Clin Pathol. 2016 Jan;69(1):88-9. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203233. Epub 2015 +Aug 25. + +The lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in clinical practice. + +Balta S(1), Demırer Z(2), Aparci M(3), Yildirim AO(1), Ozturk C(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Urology, Eskişehir Military Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Cardiology, Kasimpasa Military Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Comment on + J Clin Pathol. 2015 May;68(5):351-5. + +DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203233 +PMID: 26307075 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +412. APMIS. 2015 Oct;123(10):847-50. doi: 10.1111/apm.12435. Epub 2015 Aug 25. + +Differences in the ARID-1 alpha expressions in squamous and adenosquamous +carcinomas of uterine cervix. + +Solakoglu Kahraman D(1), Diniz G(1), Sayhan S(1), Ayaz D(1), Uncel M(1), +Karadeniz T(1), Akman T(2), Ozdemir A(3). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Medical Oncology Clinic, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, +Izmir, Turkey. + +AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in +chromatin remodeling which encodes ARID1A (BAF250a) protein. Recent studies have +shown the loss of ARID1A expression in several types of tumors. This +retrospective study was designed to evaluate the differences in tissue +expressions of ARID1A in a spectrum of cervical neoplasms. Cervical +intraepithelial neoplasms, invasive squamous or adenosquamous carcinomas were +identified in 100 patients recently diagnosed as cervical neoplasms based on +pathology databases. In this series, there were 29 low- and 29 high-grade +cervical intraepithelial neoplasms, 27 squamous cell carcinomas, and 15 +adenosquamous carcinomas. Mean age of the patients was 47.8 ± 13 years +(20-80 years). It was determined that the expression of ARID1A was statistically +significantly down-regulated in adenosquamous carcinomas when compared with +non-invasive or invasive squamous cell carcinomas (p = 0.015). Lower levels of +the ARID1A expression were detected in cases with adenosquamous carcinomas (60%), +low- or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) (31%), and squamous cell +carcinomas (18.5%). Our findings have demonstrated the presence of a correlation +between ARID1A expression and adenomatous differentiation of uterine squamous +cell carcinomas. Therefore, ARID1A gene may suggestively have a role in the +pathogenesis of cervical adenosquamous carcinomas. + +© 2015 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12435 +PMID: 26303865 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +413. APMIS. 2015 Nov;123(11):986-9. doi: 10.1111/apm.12434. Epub 2015 Aug 25. + +A case of chronic suppurative otitis media caused by Kerstersia gyiorum. + +Uysal EB(1), Çelik C(1), Tuzcu N(2), Can F(3), Doğan M(3), Ertürk R(4), Bakici +MZ(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet +University, Sivas, Turkey. +(3)Department of Otorhinolaringology, Faculty of Medicine Cumhuriyet University, +Sivas, Turkey. +(4)Microbiology Laboratory, Research and Practice Hospital, Faculty of Medicine +Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey. + +Chronic suppurative otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid +that involves discharge and hearing loss. Kerstersia gyiorum is a member of the +Alcaligenaceae family that who could not be treated with classical treatments +such as patients with chronic otitis media, neck abscesses. K. gyiorum strain +isolated from a patient with chronic suppurative otitis media. + +© 2015 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12434 +PMID: 26303793 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +414. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Dec;43(12):1037-8. doi: 10.1002/dc.23335. Epub 2015 Aug +25. + +Should the patients with thyroid nodule who had benign fine-needle aspiration +biopsy findings and suspicious ultrasonographic and clinical findings undergo +surgery? + +Kuru B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, +Samsun, Turkey. + +Comment on + Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Aug;43(8):622-8. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23335 +PMID: 26303154 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +415. Int J Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct;96(5):294-300. doi: 10.1111/iep.12137. Epub 2015 Aug +24. + +The efficiency of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) cleavage on detection of +apoptosis in an experimental model of testicular torsion. + +Aslan Koşar P(1), Tuncer H(2), Cihangir Uğuz A(3), Espino Palma J(4), Darıcı +H(5), Onaran İ(1), Çiğ B(3), Koşar A(2), Rodriguez Moratinos AB(4). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Süleyman Demirel +University, Isparta, Turkey. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Süleyman Demirel University, +Isparta, Turkey. +(3)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Süleyman Demirel University, +Isparta, Turkey. +(4)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, +Badajoz, Spain. +(5)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, SANKO University, +Gaziantep, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological and apoptotic changes +occurring in the rat ipsilateral and contralateral testes, after experimental +spermatic cord torsion, and to explore and the role of poly(ADP-ribose) +polymerase (PARP) cleavage in testicular torsion-detorsion injury. A total of 37 +Wistar albino rats were subjected to 720° unilateral spermatic cord torsion for +1, 2 and 4 h, followed by 4-h reperfusion, or else to a sham operation (control +group). Histology of the testicle was evaluated using haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) +staining and Johnsen's scoring system. Germ cell apoptosis was evaluated via +active caspase-3 immunostaining, and PARP expression levels were evaluated via +Western blotting. The mean Johnsen's tubular biopsy scores (JTBS) of the +ipsilateral testicles were lower for all torsion groups than for the controls (P +< 0.05), but the JTBS of the contralateral testicles were only lower in the 4-h +torsion group (P < 0.05). The mean apoptosis score (AS) of the ipsilateral and +contralateral testicles was significantly higher in the torsion groups than in +the sham group. AS increased correlatively with torsion time, in both testicles. +The effect of testicular torsion on PARP cleavage was time dependent, with the +highest effect observed after 4 h of testicular torsion (P < 0.05). Testicular +torsion caused time-dependent histological changes, apoptosis and increases in +PARP cleavage. Our results suggest that testicular torsion-detorsion injury +caused cell damage and germ cell apoptosis that apparently involved cleavage of +PARP. Increased PARP cleavage could, in turn, lead to enhanced apoptosis. + +© 2015 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2015 +International Journal of Experimental Pathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12137 +PMCID: PMC4693552 +PMID: 26303136 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +416. Pathol Res Pract. 2015 Oct;211(10):740-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.05.011. Epub +2015 Jun 1. + +The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of CD24, CD44, CD133, ALDH1 +expressions in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: CD44/CD24 expression in +breast cancer. + +Kapucuoğlu N(1), Bozkurt KK(2), Başpınar Ş(3), Koçer M(4), Eroğlu HE(5), Akdeniz +R(6), Akçil M(7). + +Author information: +(1)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +32260 Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: nilgunkap@hotmail.com. +(2)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +32260 Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: kemalkbozkurt@hotmail.com. +(3)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +32260 Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: sirinbaspinar@gmail.com. +(4)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical +Oncology, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: muratkocer71@hotmail.com. +(5)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General +Surgery, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: eroglue@med.sdu.edu.tr. +(6)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +32260 Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: rasit.akdeniz@hotmail.com. +(7)Başkent University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Biostatistics, Ankara, +Turkey. Electronic address: matemel@baskent.edu.tr. + +BACKGROUND: Recently, there are several studies about cancer stem cells (CSC), +indicating that they are the cells that initiate the tumor, provide progression, +metastasis and responsible for the aggressive tumor behavior. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The purpose of this study is to investigate the +expressions of CD24, CD44, their different combinations, ALDH1 and CD133 in +invasive ductal carcinoma. Their relationships with clinicopathologic parameters, +such as tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, tumor size, axillary lymph node +involvement, stage, hormone receptors, HER2 expression, basal like tumors, triple +negative status and prognosis were also investigated. Tissue microarray method +was used to investigate ımmunohistochemical CD24, CD44, ALDH1 and CD133 +expressions in 105 invasive ductal carcinoma cases. +RESULTS: CD133 expression was significantly associated with tumor size (p=0.023) +and stage (p=0.009). CD133 expression was decreased in tumors with larger tumor +size, higher stage and lymphovascular invasion. CD133 expression was positively +correlated with CD44 (r=0.212, p=0.032) and CD44(+)/CD24(+) (r=0.202, p=0.040) +expressions. CD44, CD24 and ALDH1 expressions showed no significant relationship +and correlation with clinicopathologic features. There was a significant +relationship (p=0.048) between CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) phenotype and basal like +tumors. EGFR expression was positively correlated with CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) +phenotype (r=0.211, p=0.036). +CONCLUSIONS: Basal like tumors are enriched for CSCs with CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) +phenotype. CD133 can detect a different population of CSC in breast carcinoma. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.05.011 +PMID: 26298632 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +417. Virchows Arch. 2016 Mar;468(3):245-57. doi: 10.1007/s00428-015-1840-6. Epub 2015 +Aug 23. + +Mantle cell lymphoma--a spectrum from indolent to aggressive disease. + +Sander B(1), Quintanilla-Martinez L(2), Ott G(3), Xerri L(4), Kuzu I(5), Chan +JK(6), Swerdlow SH(7), Campo E(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska +Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE 141 86, Stockholm, +Sweden. birgitta.sander@ki.se. +(2)Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of +Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, +Germany. +(3)Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital and Dr. Margarete +Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany. +(4)Department of Bio-Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France. +(5)Department of Pathology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China. +(7)Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh +School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. +(8)Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. + +Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a distinctive lymphoma type generally characterized +by the presence of CCND1 translocation and overexpression of cyclin D1. MCL +usually presents with advanced stage and rapid clinical progression. The +diagnosis is in most instances uncomplicated but cases with variant morphologies +or immunophenotypes, especially cyclin D1-negative cases, may cause diagnostic +difficulties. During the mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) session at the European +Association of Haematopathology/Society for Hematopathology workshop 2014 held in +Istanbul, Turkey, submitted cases illustrated interesting features such as +unusual morphology or immunophenotypes. In several submitted cases of cyclin +D1-positive MCL, CCND1 rearrangement could not be detected by t(11;14)(q13;q32) +dual-color dual-fusion FISH but was suggested by CCND1 break-apart probes, and +advantages and disadvantages of different FISH probes were highlighted. Three +cyclin D1-negative MCL cases were submitted. These were identified by SOX11 +immunohistochemistry and found to carry CCND2 translocations and/or to express +high levels of cyclin D2 mRNA. Features associated with aggressive clinical +course were presented including high expression of p53 protein and MYC +aberrations. The need to integrate histological, immunophenotypic, genetic, and +clinical data to arrive at the correct diagnosis was emphasized. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1840-6 +PMID: 26298543 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +418. Endocr Pathol. 2015 Dec;26(4):320-3. doi: 10.1007/s12022-015-9389-0. + +Oncocytic Variant of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. + +Canberk S(1), Onenerk M(2), Gunes P(2), Sayman E(2), Kilicoglu G(2). + +Author information: +(1)Haydarpasa Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +sulecanberk@gmail.com. +(2)Haydarpasa Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-015-9389-0 +PMID: 26293669 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +419. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Jul-Sep;58(3):292-5. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.162833. + +Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: Clinicopathologic and +immunohistochemical analysis of nine cases. + +Ozguven BY, Tuncel D(1), Polat N, Sakiz D, Kabukcuoglu F, Koksal H, Kaya H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPPN) of the pancreas is a +distinctive tumor of low malignant potential with a predilection for female +patients in the second and third decades of life. We studied nine cases of SPPN +of the pancreas and reviewed the literature concerning these uncommon tumors. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 7 cases of SPPN located in the tail of the +pancreas and two located in the head of the pancreas were presented. Distal +pancreatectomy in three patients and distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy in +two patients Whipple's operation in four patients were performed. Histological +diagnosis was made by performing hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff +staining, immunohistochemical staining. Follow-up of the patients was between 2 +months and 12 years. +RESULTS: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were found as +equivocal for diagnosis. Mass containing cystic and solid areas were not +characteristic but raised suspicion of SPPN. Pathologic examination showed SPPN +in all patients. No metastasis or recurrence was detected during follow-up. +CONCLUSIONS: Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm is a relatively rare tumor, and +patients tend to survive for a long period. Preoperative imaging is not +characteristic. Pathologic examination is the mainstay in the diagnosis. Complete +surgical removal is the best choice of treatment. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.162833 +PMID: 26275248 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +420. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Jul-Sep;58(3):279-84. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.162831. + +BRAF, KIT, NRAS, GNAQ and GNA11 mutation analysis in cutaneous melanomas in +Turkish population. + +Yilmaz I(1), Gamsizkan M, Kucukodaci Z, Berber U, Demirel D, Haholu A, Narli G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: KIT and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade are important for +melanomagenesis. In the present study, we analyzed the frequency of BRAF, NRAS, +KIT, GNAQ and GNA11 gene mutations and investigated their association with +clinicopathological features of melanomas in Turkish population. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-seven primary cutaneous melanomas were included in +our study. Sanger sequencing method was used for mutation analysis in all cases. +RESULTS: Mean age was 62.1 (29-101) years. Female:male ratio was 17:30. Among 47 +melanomas, 14 (29.8%) BRAF, 10 (21.3%) NRAS, 4 (8.5%) KIT and 1(2.1%) GNAQ gene +mutations were detected. Two of the KIT mutations were found in acral lentiginous +melanoma (ALM). In the head and neck region, mutation frequency was significantly +lower than in other locations (P = 0.035). The only GNAQ gene mutation (p.Q209L) +was detected in a melanoma arising from blue nevus located on the scalp. None of +the melanomas harbored NRAS exon 2, KIT exon 13/17/18, GNAQ exon 4 and GNA11 exon +4/5 mutations. Overall mutation frequency did not show significant difference +between metastatic (8/14, 57.1%) and nonmetastatic (18/33, 54.5%) patients. We +did not observe any significant association between mutation status and gender or +age of various patients. +CONCLUSIONS: Our results support that BRAF and NRAS gene mutations are common in +cutaneous melanomas. The activating mutations of KIT gene are rare and especially +seen in ALM. GNAQ and GNA11 mutations are infrequent in cutaneous melanomas and +may be associated only with melanomas arising from blue nevus. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.162831 +PMID: 26275246 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +421. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Jun 1;8(6):6786-92. eCollection 2015. + +N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as a marker of blunt cardiac contusion +in trauma. + +Dogan H(1), Sarikaya S(2), Neijmann ST(3), Uysal E(4), Yucel N(5), Ozucelik +DN(6), Okuturlar Y(7), Solak S(4), Sever N(3), Ayan C(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakirkoy Dr. SadiKonuk Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Emergency Medicine, Yeditepe University Hospital Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemistry, Bakirkoy Dr. SadiKonuk Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Medicine Istanbul Turkey. +(5)Department of Emergency Medicine, Inonu University Hospital Malatya, Turkey. +(6)Istanbul University, Health Sciences Faculty Istanbul, Turkey. +(7)Department of Internal Medicine, Bakirkoy Dr. SadiKonuk Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. + +Cardiac contusion is usually caused by blunt chest trauma and, although it is +potentially a life-threatening condition, the diagnosis of a myocardial contusion +is difficult because of non-specific symptoms and the lack of an ideal test to +detect myocardial damage. Cardiac enzymes, such as creatine kinase (CK), creatine +kinase MB fraction (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTn-I), and cardiac troponin T +(cTn-T) were used in previous studies to demonstrate the blunt cardiac contusion +(BCC). Each of these diagnostic tests alone is not effective for diagnosis of +BCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum heart-type fatty acid +binding protein (h-FABP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), +CK, CK-MB, and cTn-I levels as a marker of BCC in blunt chest trauma in rats. The +eighteen Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to two groups; group I +(control) (n=8) and group II (blunt chest trauma) (n=10). Isolated BCC was +induced by the method described by Raghavendran et al. (2005). All rats were +observed in their cages and blood samples were collected after five hours of +trauma for the analysis of serum h-FABP, NT-pro BNP, CK, CK-MB, and cTn-I levels. +The mean serum NT-pro BNP was significantly different between group I and II +(10.3 ± 2.10 ng/L versus 15.4 ± 3.68 ng/L, respectively; P=0.0001). NT-pro BNP +level >13 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 87.5%, a specificity of 70%, a positive +predictive value of 70%, and a negative predictive value of 87.5% for predicting +blunt chest trauma (area under curve was 0.794 and P=0.037). There was no +significant difference between two groups in serum h-FABP, CK, CK-MB and c Tn-I +levels. A relation between NT-Pro BNP and BCC was shown in this study. Serum +NT-proBNP levels significantly increased with BCC after 5 hours of the blunt +chest trauma. The use of NT-proBNP as an adjunct to other diagnostic tests, such +as troponins, electrocardiography (ECG), chest x-ray and echocardiogram may be +beneficial for diagnosis of BCC. + + +PMCID: PMC4525897 +PMID: 26261563 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +422. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2015 Oct;19(5):314-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.07.002. +Epub 2015 Jul 8. + +Urothelial Carcinoma with shadow cell, lipid cell and sebaceous (skin adnexal) +differentiation: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 10 cases. + +Behzatoğlu K(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: kbehzatoglu@hotmail.com. + +We discuss the histological and immunohistochemical features of 6 cases of +urothelial carcinomas of lipid cell variant and 4 cases with shadow cell +differentiation, one of which showed additionally sebaceous differentiation, one +of which shows additional sebaceous differentiation, from our archive cases from +the last 15 years. Conventional urothelial carcinoma (UC) was seen in all lipid +cell variant cases, and micropapillary carcinoma was seen in 3. The ratio of the +lipid cell component was between 10% and 40% in these 6 cases. Typical histologic +features of the lipid cell variant include lipoblast-like cells with a notched +nuclear appearance, abundant vacuoles, an eccentric nucleus, and pagetoid spread +in some areas. GATA3 and pancytokeratin AE1/AE3 immunohistochemical staining were +positive in all cases. Adipophilin was positive in various degrees in 5 of the 6 +lipid cell variant cases but was also positive in the case with sebaceous +differentiation. α-methylacyl-CoA racemase was positive in the lipid cell areas +and negative or focal weakly positive in the conventional UC areas in 4 of the 6 +cases. Vimentin, S-100 protein, and PAX8 were negative in the lipid cell +component. Follow-up information was available for all cases with follow-up +ranging from 6 to 84 months (mean, 34 months). Four patients died of the disease. +One pT4 patient who had been followed up for 6 months lives with the disease, +whereas another is disease free. In conclusion, the lipid cell variant is a rare +UC variant that usually presents at an advanced stage, and tumor cells are +histologically similar to lipoblasts, resemble sebaceous differentiation, and +show positive immunohistochemical staining with adipophilin. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.07.002 +PMID: 26235883 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +423. Endocr Pathol. 2015 Sep;26(3):218-28. doi: 10.1007/s12022-015-9382-7. + +Histopathological Evidence of Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid +Carcinoma. + +Can N(1), Tastekin E, Ozyilmaz F, Sezer YA, Guldiken S, Sut N, Sarikas N, Oz +Puyan F, Guler B, Ayturk S, Celik M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22O3O, +Edirne, Turkey, nuraycan@ymail.com. + +Prophylactic lymph node dissection is still controversial due to the potentially +surgery-related morbidity in management of papillary thyroid carcinomas. So, some +histopathological predictors for lymph node metastasis in thyroidectomy specimens +may reveal importance. The objective of this study was to define +histomorphological indicators of lymph node metastasis in the patients who had +been performed thyroidectomy without lymph node dissection. Clinicopathological +features of patients archived in Department of Pathology at Trakya University +Medical Faculty were reviewed. A total of 211 patients who had been diagnosed as +papillary carcinoma and had been performed total thyroidectomy/lobectomy with +central/cervical lymph node dissection were included in the study. Clinical +features (age, gender, preoperative/postoperative clinical, and laboratory +findings) and histopathological features (histological variant, tumor size, +focality, extrathyroidal extension, tumor border, lateral tubular growth, +intraglandular dissemination, stromal and lymphocytic tumor response, lymphocytic +thyroiditis, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, number of metastatic +lymph nodes, extranodal extension, size of the metastatic foci) were evaluated. +Male gender, conventional variant, tumor size greater than 10 mm, multifocality, +extrathyroidal extension, lateral tubular growth, intraglandular dissemination, +lymphocytic and stromal tumor response, and absence of lymphocytic thyroiditis +were predictive, and older age (≥45 years) and follicular variant PTC were +protective for lymph node metastasis. In order to optimize the management of +papillary thyroid carcinomas, pathologists should search for the clues of lymph +node metastasis particularly intraglandular dissemination, lateral tubular +growth, tumor border and lymphocytic/stromal tumor response, multifocality, +concomitant lymphocytic thyroiditis besides the actual prognostic criteria +especially in younger aged male patients. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-015-9382-7 +PMID: 26209182 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +424. Am J Pathol. 2015 Sep;185(9):2402-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.014. Epub +2015 Jul 21. + +Enhanced Human Decidual Cell-Expressed FKBP51 May Promote Labor-Related +Functional Progesterone Withdrawal. + +Schatz F(1), Guzeloglu-Kayisli O(1), Basar M(2), Buchwalder LF(2), Ocak N(2), +Guzel E(3), Guller S(2), Semerci N(1), Kayisli UA(1), Lockwood CJ(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, Morsani +College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida. +(2)Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale +University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. +(3)Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale +University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Histology +and Embryology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, Morsani +College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida. Electronic address: +cjlockwood@health.usf.edu. + +Sustained plasma progesterone (P4) levels suggest initiation of human term labor +by functional P4 withdrawal, reflecting reduced progesterone receptor (PR) and/or +glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression or activity. The steroid-induced +immunophilin cochaperone FKBP51 inhibits PR- and GR-mediated transcription, +suggesting a labor-initiating role. Gestational age-matched decidual sections +were immunostained for FKBP51 and decidual cell (DC) and interstitial trophoblast +(IT) markers, vimentin and cytokeratin, respectively. Term DC cultures were +incubated with vehicle (control), estradiol (E2) with or without +medroxyprogesterone acetate, dexamethasone (Dex), or Organon 2058. FKBP51 +histologic scoring was significantly higher in DC nuclei during labor versus +prelabor decidua, whereas FKBP51 immunostaining was undetected in interstitial +trophoblasts (P < 0.05). In term DC cultures, E2 + medroxyprogesterone acetate or +E2 + Dex enhanced FKBP51 expression (P < 0.01), whereas E2 + Organon 2058 +inhibited PR expression (P < 0.05), and E2 + Dex inhibited GR expression (P < +0.05). Unlike term DCs, FKBP51 was undetected in control or Dex-treated cultured +third-trimester trophoblasts. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that +FKPB51 overexpression or silencing in cultured DCs altered PR-DNA binding. +Increased FKBP51 levels in term DCs during labor complement our prior in situ +observations of significantly lower PR in labor versus prelabor DCs. In a milieu +of sustained plasma P4 levels, these reciprocal changes will amplify functional +P4 withdrawal in DCs via FKBP51-mediated PR resistance coupled with declining PR +levels, whereas the lack of FKBP51 expression in interstitial trophoblasts +suggests unopposed constitutive GR action. + +Copyright © 2015 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by +Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.014 +PMID: 26207680 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +425. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 May 1;8(5):5844-7. eCollection 2015. + +Bilateral synchronous ossifying fibromas of the mandible: a case report. + +Tayfur M(1), Tayfur EK(2), Balcı MG(1), Deger AN(3), Cımen FK(1), Daltaban F(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mengucek Gazi Education and Research Hospital, +Erzincan Univercity Erzincan, Turkey. +(2)Erzincan Oral and Dentistry Center Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Evliya Celebi Education and Research Hospital, +Dumlupinar Univercity Kutahya, Turkey. + +Ossifying fibroma of the jaw is a benign fibroosseous tumour. The growth of it is +slowly and it is well circumscribed. Occurrence of multiple ossifying fibromas +(synchronous) is rare in the jaw, and only a few cases have been documented. The +most of these cases were in only maxilla. The fewer cases were reported in both +of maxilla and mandible. We report a case of bilateral synchronous ossifying +fibromas involving the mandible of a 37 years old male. The importance of our +case is that bilaterality and synchronous of the lesions. Our case is the first +synchronous mandibler lesion in literature reported. + + +PMCID: PMC4503178 +PMID: 26191307 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +426. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 May 1;8(5):5633-41. eCollection 2015. + +Folate receptor α expression and significance in endometrioid endometrium +carcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia. + +Senol S(1), Ceyran AB(1), Aydin A(1), Zemheri E(1), Ozkanli S(1), Kösemetin D(2), +Sehitoglu I(3), Akalin I(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, +Goztepe Research and Training Hospital Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Van Bölge Research and Training Hospital Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine +Turkey. +(4)Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of +Medicine Turkey. + +Endometrioid-type endometrial carcinoma (EEC) developing on the ground of +endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is amongst the most commonly observed type of cancer +in the world. Folate receptor α (FRα) is a vitamin molecule that has a role in +cell proliferation. The fact that FRα, which is known to be needed extremely by +the cells of malignancies that proliferate rapidly, is present in limited amounts +in normal tissues while it is overexpressed in malignant cells of the same +tissues makes folate a candidate for target molecular therapy. In our study, FRα +expression in 214 cases, with 95 diagnosed within EEC and 119 with EH, was +studied immunohistochemically. FRα expression in EEC was found significantly high +compared to EH and normal endometrium (P<0.01). Similarly, FRα expression in EH +cases with complex atypia were significantly high compared to other hyperplasia +subgroups (P<0.01). The findings of our results make us think that FRα +overexpression may play a role in the EEC carcinogenesis and carcinoma +progression from EH. Furthermore, we suggest that it can be helpful in the +treatment of EEC and/or transition from hyperplasia stage to EEC as a molecular +therapy targeting receptors labeled with antibody-based props containing FRα. +Finally, we suggest that FRα may be used, based on the expression intensity, as a +supplemental option to determine the patients that shall be directed to radical +therapy amongst patients with complex atypical EH. + + +PMCID: PMC4503146 +PMID: 26191275 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +427. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 May 1;8(5):5345-53. eCollection 2015. + +Predictive and prognostic values of BubR1 and synuclein-gamma expression in +breast cancer. + +Cirak Y(1), Furuncuoglu Y(2), Yapicier O(3), Alici S(1), Argon A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Onkology, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, +Goztepe Medical Park Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Internal Medicine, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, +Goztepe Medical Park Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Goztepe +Medical Park Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. + +The aim of this study is to determine the expression level of spindle assembly +checkpoint (SAC) proteins-BubR1 and synuclein-gamma (SNCG) in human breast cancer +tissues and to test whether there is a relationship between their expression +levels and clinicopathologic parameters including respons to taxanes, tumor +grade, estrogen receptor (ER) pozitivity, HER2 status, and overall survival (OS). +We analyzed retrospectively paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 55 breast +cancer patients whose clinical outcomes had been tracked after taxane treatment +in neoadjuvan and metastatic setting. The expression status of BubR1 and SNCG was +defined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the anti-BubR1 and anti-SNCG +antibody. The BubR1 and SNCG was overexpressed in 38% and 62% of the study group, +respectively. There was borderline significant correlation between low BubR1 +expression and increased taxane sensitivity (P=0.05). In contrast, high SNCG +expression was significantly associated with decreased taxane sensitivity +(P=0.01). There was no association between the clinicopathologic parameters +including histologic grade, ER positivity and HER2 status and the level of these +proteins. However, triple negative tumors showed significantly more high BubR1 +expression than those other molecular subtypes (P=0.04). Kaplan-Meier survival +analysis failed to show a significant correlation between expression levels of +BubR1 and SNCG and overall survival although patients with low levels of both +proteins had a marginally longer survival time compared to those with high +levels. In summary, our data suggest that both BubR1 and SNCG may be promising +predictive marker rather than prognostic marker in patients with breast cancer. + + +PMCID: PMC4503107 +PMID: 26191236 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +428. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Sep;43(9):722-6. doi: 10.1002/dc.23272. Epub 2015 Jul 17. + +Diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast using fine-needle aspiration +cytology: A case report and review of the literature. + +Ilkay TM(1), Gozde K(1), Ozgur S(2), Dilaver D(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Radiology, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, GATA Haydarpasa Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare variant of breast +malignancy and is associated with an excellent prognosis. ACC accounts for 0.1% +of all breast carcinomas. It has favorable biological characteristics and an +excellent prognosis. A 77-year-old woman presented with a lump in the right +breast. Ultrasonography and mammography showed a 12-mm, well-defined, lobulated +mass in the retroareolar region of the right breast. The lump was diagnosed as +ACC on the basis of immunohistochemical staining results for c-kit (CD117), +muscle-specific actin, p63, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor using a +fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) specimen. This diagnosis was subsequently +confirmed by excision biopsy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first +case of ACC of the breast to date to be diagnosed on the basis of +immunohistochemical staining of an FNAC cell block material. From our experience, +we recommend the usage of cell block material for immunohistochemical studies to +accurately diagnose ACC of the breast. + +© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23272 +PMID: 26183224 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +429. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Nov;43(11):863-9. doi: 10.1002/dc.23311. Epub 2015 Jul 14. + +Comparative analysis of cervical cytology screening methods and staining +protocols for detection rate and accurate interpretation of ASC-H: Data from a +high-volume laboratory in Turkey. + +Ozlem A(1), Umit I(1). + +Author information: +(1)Acibadem University, Medical School, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the ThinPrep(®) Imaging +System (TIS) and ThinPrep(®) Pap Stain (TPPS). A comparative analysis was +conducted to determine the detection rates of atypical squamous cells, cannot +exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), the ASC:squamous +intraepithelial lesion (SIL) ratio, biopsy follow-up for ASC-H in terms of the +screening method used (manual screening [MS] vs. TIS screening [TISS]) and the +staining protocol (regular Pap stain [RPS] vs. TPPS). +METHODS: This study was performed over two periods. The RPS period included +manually screened slides, whereas the TPPS period included TIS + manually +screened slides. All data from the study periods were compared using statistical +analysis. +RESULTS: The detection rate of ASC-H was significantly higher during the TPPS +period than during the RPS period (0.49% vs. 0.23%); this finding is in contrast +to the insignificant difference between the screening method periods. The +positive predictive value (PPV) of ASC-H cytodiagnosis for cervical +intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or more severe histologies was significantly +different between manually screened and TIS slides (22.10% vs. 38.55%), in +contrast to an insignificant difference between RPS and TPPS periods (37.14% vs. +29.77%). +CONCLUSION: Implementation of the TIS did not change the ASC-H detection rates +appreciably. However, the new technology improved PPV for ASC-H cytodiagnosis and +enabled the detection of true disease. Our laboratory statistics indicate that +the TPPS is not a superior staining protocol and did not increase our diagnostic +accuracy for ASC-H compared with RPS. + +© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23311 +PMID: 26173757 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +430. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2015 Aug;74(8):835-49. doi: +10.1097/NEN.0000000000000223. + +Sur1-Trpm4 Cation Channel Expression in Human Cerebral Infarcts. + +Mehta RI(1), Tosun C, Ivanova S, Tsymbalyuk N, Famakin BM, Kwon MS, Castellani +RJ, Gerzanich V, Simard JM. + +Author information: +(1)From the Departments of Pathology (RIM, RJC, JMS), Neurosurgery (SI, NT, MSK, +VG, JMS), Neurology (BMF), and Physiology (JMS), University of Maryland School of +Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and the Department of Molecular Biology and +Genetics (CT), Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey. + +The nonselective monovalent cation channel transient receptor potential +melastatin 4 (Trpm4) is transcriptionally upregulated in neural and vascular +cells in animal models of brain infarction. It associates with sulfonylurea +receptor 1 (Sur1) to form Sur1-Trpm4 channels, which have critical roles in +cytotoxic edema, cell death, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and vasogenic edema. +We examined Trpm4 expression in postmortem brain specimens from 15 patients who +died within the first 31 days of the onset of focal cerebral ischemia. We found +increased Trpm4 protein expression in all cases using immunohistochemistry; +transcriptional upregulation was confirmed using in situ hybridization of Trpm4 +messenger RNA. Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 colocalized and +coassociated with Sur1 within ischemic endothelial cells and neurons. +Coexpression of Sur1 and Trpm4 in necrotic endothelial cells was also associated +with vasogenic edema indicated by upregulated perivascular tumor necrosis factor, +extravasation of serum immunoglobulin G, and associated inflammation. Upregulated +Trpm4 protein was present up to 1 month after the onset of cerebral ischemia. In +a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke, pharmacologic channel +blockade by glibenclamide, a selective inhibitor of sulfonylurea receptor, +mitigated perivascular tumor necrosis factor labeling. Thus, upregulated +Sur1-Trpm4 channels and associated blood-brain barrier disruption and cerebral +edema suggest that pharmacologic targeting of this channel may represent a +promising therapeutic strategy for the clinical management of patients with +cerebral ischemia. + +DOI: 10.1097/NEN.0000000000000223 +PMCID: PMC4620032 +PMID: 26172285 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +431. Dis Markers. 2015;2015:732686. doi: 10.1155/2015/732686. Epub 2015 Jun 24. + +The Impact of Gene Polymorphisms on the Success of Anticholinergic Treatment in +Children with Overactive Bladder. + +Gurocak S(1), Konac E(2), Ure I(3), Senol C(4), Onen IH(2), Sozen S(4), Menevse +A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology, Gazi University School of Medicine, 06500 Ankara, +Turkey ; Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Gazi University School of +Medicine, 06500 Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Gazi University School of +Medicine, 06500 Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, Osmangazi University School of Medicine, 26040 +Eskisehir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Urology, Gazi University School of Medicine, 06500 Ankara, +Turkey. + +AIM: To determine the impact of gene polymorphisms on detrusor +contraction-relaxation harmony in children with lower urinary tract symptoms +(LUTS). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Toilet trained children older than 5 years of age with +LUTS and normal neurological examination underwent videourodynamic study. The +control group was composed of age matched children with no voiding complaints. +The study group who filled out the voiding dysfunction symptom score before and +after the treatment received standard oxybutynin treatment and was reevaluated 1 +year after treatment. Genomic DNA was isolated from all patients and subjected to +PCR for amplification. Genotyping of ARGHEF10, ROCK2, ADRB3, and CYP3A4 was +carried out with Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length +Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. +RESULTS: 34 (45%) and 42 (55%) patients were enrolled in the study and control +group, respectively. ARGEF10 GG, ADRB3 TC, and CYP3A4 AG genotype patients +displayed insignificant difference between pre- and posttreatment voiding +dysfunction symptom score and bladder volumes. +CONCLUSIONS: The polymorphism of genes in the cholinergic pathway did not +significantly differ clinical parameters. On the other hand, polymorphic patients +in the adrenergic pathway seemed to suffer from clinical disappointment. For this +reason, we think that the neglected adrenergic pathway could be a new therapeutic +target for the treatment of anticholinergic resistant LUTS in children. + +DOI: 10.1155/2015/732686 +PMCID: PMC4488149 +PMID: 26166934 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +432. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Sep;21(4):1243-7. doi: 10.1007/s12253-015-9950-7. Epub +2015 Jul 9. + +Association and Prognostic Significance of the Functional -1562C/T Polymorphism +in the Promoter Region of MMP-9 in Turkish Patients with Gastric Cancer. + +Avcı N(1), Ture M, Deligonul A, Cubukcu E, Olmez OF, Sahinturk S, Topak A, Kurt +E, Evrensel T, Şahin AB, Yakut T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Ali Osman Sonmez Oncology Hospital, Bursa, +Turkey, drniluferavci@hotmail.com. + +Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of zinc-dependent peptidases that +participate in matrix turnover in solid malignancies. The aim of this study was +twofold. First, we sought to investigate under a case-control design the +association between the functional -1562C/T polymorphism in the promoter region +of MMP-9 and gastric cancer (GC) in a Turkish sample. Second, we examined its +prognostic significance in GC patients. A total of 144 subjects were enrolled in +the case-control study (79 GC cases and 65 controls). Overall survival (OS) and +progression-free survival (PFS) served as the main outcome measures in the +longitudinal study. The MMP-9 -1562C/T polymorphism was genotyped using a +polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The +odds ratio (OR) of GC for the CC genotype relative to the CT+TT genotypes was not +significant (OR = 0.89, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.44-1.82, P = 0.75). +These results did not change after allowance for age and sex in multivariable +regression analysis (OR = 0.81, 95 % CI = 0.40-1.94, P = 0.84). When the MMP-9 +-1562C/T polymorphism was analyzed among GC patients in relation to OS and PFS, +we found no significant differences between subjects with the CC and CT+TT +genotypes. In conclusion, the results of our study did not point toward a major +role of the MMP-9 -1562C/T polymorphism in the pathogenesis and clinical course +of GC in Turkish subjects. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9950-7 +PMID: 26156886 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +433. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015 Jul;139(7):847. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0436-LE. + +Smart Phones and Microscopic Image Capturing: Searching, Finding, Capturing, +Talking About, as Well as Sharing Microscopic Images of Pathologic Conditions +Form Another Type of Learning Module. + +Umudum H(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dr Ridvan Ege Hospital and Ufuk University School of +Medicine, 06520 Ankara, Turkey. + +Comment on + Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014 Aug;138(8):1002. + +DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0436-LE +PMID: 26125424 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +434. Acta Cytol. 2015;59(3):258-64. doi: 10.1159/000431148. Epub 2015 Jun 19. + +Cytomorphometric and Morphological Analysis in Women with Trichomonas vaginalis +Infection: Micronucleus Frequency in Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells. + +Safi Oz Z(1), Doğan Gun B, Gun MO, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine, +Zonguldak, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and +morphological effects of Trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. +STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-six Pap-stained cervical smears were divided into a study +group and two control groups as follows: T. vaginalis cases, a first control +group with inflammation, and a second control group without inflammation. +Micronucleated, binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, and karyopyknotic cells +and cells with perinuclear halos per 1,000 epithelial cells were counted. Nuclear +and cellular areas were evaluated in 70 clearly defined cells in each smear using +image analysis. +RESULTS: The frequencies of morphological parameters in the T. vaginalis cases +were higher than the values of the two control groups, and the difference among +groups was found to be significant (p < 0.05). The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas +of epithelial cells were diminished in patients with trichomoniasis. The mean +nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in T. vaginalis patients was higher than the value in the +control groups, and the difference between the study group and control group 1 +was significant. However, there was no statistically significant increase between +the study group and control group 2. +CONCLUSIONS: T. vaginalis exhibited significant changes in the cellular size and +nuclear structure of the cells. The rising frequency of micronuclei, nuclear +abnormalities, and changing nucleus/cytoplasm ratio may reflect genotoxic damage +in trichomoniasis. + +© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000431148 +PMID: 26112451 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +435. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Jul;43(7):563-76. doi: 10.1002/dc.23271. + +Guidelines for the cytopathologic diagnosis of epithelioid and mixed-type +malignant mesothelioma: Complementary Statement from the International +Mesothelioma Interest Group, Also Endorsed by the International Academy of +Cytology and the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology. + +Hjerpe A(1), Ascoli V(2), Bedrossian CW(3), Boon ME(4), Creaney J(5), Davidson +B(6), Dejmek A(7), Dobra K(1), Fassina A(8), Field A(9), Firat P(10), Kamei +T(11), Kobayashi T(12), Michael CW(13), Önder S(14), Segal A(15), Vielh P(16); +International Mesothelioma Interest Group; International Academy of Cytology. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, +Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden. +(2)Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza +University, Rome, Italy. +(3)Rush University Medical College, Chicago, Ill, USA. +(4)Leiden Cytology and Pathology Laboratory, Lieveren, The Netherlands. +(5)National Centre for Asbestos Related Disease, School of Medicine and +Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, W.A, +Australia. +(6)Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University +Hospital, Oslo, Norway. +(7)Department of Laboratory Medicine in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö University +Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. +(8)Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. +(9)Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincents Hospital, Sydney, N.S.W, +Australia. +(10)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(11)Division of Pathology, Yamaguchi Grand Medical Center, Hofu. +(12)Cancer Education and Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of +Medicine, Osaka, Japan. +(13)Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Case Medical Center, +Department of Pathology, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. +(14)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. +(15)Department of Tissue Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, QE2 Medical +Centre, Perth, W.A, Australia. +(16)Department of Biopathology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, +Villejuif, France. + +Erratum in + Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Dec;43(12):1042. + +OBJECTIVE: To provide practical guidelines for the cytopathologic diagnosis of +malignant mesothelioma. +DATA SOURCES: Cytopathologists with an interest in the field involved in the +International Mesothelioma Interest Group (IMIG) and the International Academy of +Cytology (IAC) contributed to this update. Reference material includes +peer-reviewed publications and textbooks. +RATIONALE: This article is the result of discussions during and after the IMIG +2012 conference in Boston, followed by thorough discussions during the 2013 IAC +meeting in Paris. Additional contributions have been obtained from +cytopathologists and scientists who could not attend these meetings, with final +discussions and input during the IMIG 2014 conference in Cape Town. + +© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23271 +PMID: 26100969 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +436. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Apr 1;8(4):4044-53. eCollection 2015. + +Relationship between MLH-1, MSH-2, PMS-2,MSH-6 expression and clinicopathological +features in colorectal cancer. + +Karahan B(1), Argon A(1), Yıldırım M(2), Vardar E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital Izmir, +Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital +Izmir, Turkey. + +Colorectal cancers are the third most common in both sexes and they are the +second most common cause of cancer-related death. 12-15% of colorectal cancers +develop through microsatellite instability (the hereditary mutation in at least +one of DNA mismatch repair genes) pathway and they are 2-5% hereditary. In this +study, we investigated the correlation between the clinicopathological features +themselves and also the correlation between them and the immunohistochemical +MLH-1, MSH-2, PMS-2, MSH-6 expressions in a total of 186 resection materials with +colorectal adenocarcinoma between 2008 and 2012. All the cases were +retrospectively evaluated in terms of age, sex, localization, size, accompanying +polyp, multiple tumor, arising from polyp, differentiation, mucinous +differentiation, pathological tumor stage, lymphovascular and perineural +invasion, lymphocyte amount in the tumor microenvironment, surgical border and +lymph node metastasis. We prepared multiple tissue blocks which had 4-millimeter +tumor. Immunohistochemically, MLH-1, MSH-2, PMS-2, MSH-6 primary antibodies were +studied. Statistically, "Kruskal-Wallis" ve "Pearson's chi-squared" tests were +used. We found a positive correlation between loss of MLH-1 and PMS-2 expressions +and the right-colon location, poor and mucinous differentiation and dense +lymphocytic infiltration. In addition, loss of MSH-2 and MSH-6 expressions was +correlated with the right-colon location, poor and mucinous differentiation. We +found a meaningful relationship between immunohistochemical markers and +clinicopathological features usually observed in tumors with microsatellite +instability. This finding may arouse suspicion for MSI. However, the findings in +our study must be supported with studies conducted in large series including +molecular methods. + + +PMCID: PMC4466979 +PMID: 26097592 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +437. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Apr 1;8(4):3943-5. eCollection 2015. + +Evaluation of oxidative events and copper accumulatıon in oral tissues of +patients wıth Wilson's disease: three case report. + +Ozturk M(1), Karacelebi E(1), Gungor K(2), Coskun S(3), Boysan E(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi +University Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Oral and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, +Gazi University Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Gazi University +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Antera Dental Clinic Antalya, +Turkey. + +Wilson's disease (WD), also known as hepatolenticular degeneration, was first +described in 1912 by Kinnear Wilson. It is an autosomal recessive disorder caused +by mutations in the ATP7B gene, a membrane-bound copper transporting ATPase. The +disorder is caused by impairment of the copper transporting ATPase, ATP7B, in the +liver, which disturbs copper transport, excretion into the bile, and +incorporation into apoceruloplasmin. WD is an inherited copper metabolism +disorder with pathological copper accumulation in many tissues, but especially in +brain and liver. We conducted this study because copper accumulation in oral +tissues in patients with WD have not been studied before. We think that copper +accumulation and differences of oxidative events in oral tissues can cause +tendency to periodontal diseases. + + +PMCID: PMC4466966 +PMID: 26097579 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +438. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Apr 1;8(4):3670-80. eCollection 2015. + +Role of cd56 and e-cadherin expression in the differential diagnosis of papillary +thyroid carcinoma and suspected follicular-patterned lesions of the thyroid: the +prognostic importance of e-cadherin. + +Ceyran AB(1), Şenol S(1), Şimşek BÇ(1), Sağıroğlu J(2), Aydın A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Research and +Training Hospital Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Research +and Training Hospital Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The pathological diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is +generally easy on routine sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). +However, the differentiation of the follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC) from other +suspected follicular-patterned lesions of the thyroid is highly difficult. Among +these, the lesions for which FVPTC cannot be excluded are classified as +well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP). The most +common immunohistochemical (IHC) markers used in the differential diagnosis +include HBME-1, galectin-3, and CK19. However, none of these markers provide a +100% differential diagnosis. +OBJECTIVE: The present study compared the diagnostic value of CD56 and E-cadherin +for the differentiation of FVPTC from the other benign follicular-patterned +lesions, with HBME-1, galectin-3, and CK19. Using these markers, the +controversial cases within the WDT-UMP group were reclassified. Additionally, the +relationship between the reductions in E-cadherin expression with poor prognostic +factors was investigated. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The IHC expressions of CD56, E-cadherin, HBME-1, +galectin-3, and CK19 were evaluated in 181 thyroid lesions, including 101 PTCs +(45 classical variant PTCs and 56 FVPTCs), 20 WDT-UMPs, 20 follicular adenomas +(FAs), 20 hyperplastic nodules (HN), and 20 hyperplastic foci of lymphocytic +thyroiditis. The results were statistically compared via SPSS. +RESULTS: The expressions of all of the markers were statistically significantly +different in PTC and follicular-patterned lesions (P<0.05). It was found that the +only marker with both sensitivity and specificity above 90% was CD56 negativity +(sensitivity 91.1%, specificity 91.7%). The most sensitive and also the most +specific double panel was CD56 negativity and galectin-3 positivity (sensitivity +96%, specificity 85%), and the most sensitive and specific triple panel was CD56 +negativity, HBME-1 positivity, and galectin-3 positivity (97% and 70%, +respectively). + + +PMCID: PMC4466935 +PMID: 26097548 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +439. Hum Pathol. 2015 Aug;46(8):1217-25. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.05.004. Epub 2015 +May 22. + +Nuclear factor-erythroid 2, nerve growth factor receptor, and CD34-microvessel +density are differentially expressed in primary myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, +and essential thrombocythemia. + +Yigit N(1), Covey S(2), Barouk-Fox S(3), Turker T(4), Geyer JT(5), Orazi A(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical +College/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065; Department of +Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, Ankara 06010, +Turkey. Electronic address: nuy2001@med.cornell.edu. +(2)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical +College/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065. Electronic address: +shc9107@nyp.org. +(3)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical +College/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065. Electronic address: +shb2016@med.cornell.edu. +(4)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara 06010, Turkey. Electronic address: tturker@gata.edu.tr. +(5)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical +College/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065. Electronic address: +jut9021@med.cornell.edu. +(6)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical +College/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065. Electronic address: +ato9002@med.cornell.edu. + +Comment in + Hum Pathol. 2016 Jul;53:195-6. + +Because of the presence of various overlapping findings, the discrimination of +polycythemia vera (PV) from prefibrotic/fibrotic primary myelofibrosis (PF/F-PMF) +and essential thrombocythemia (ET) may be challenging, particularly in suboptimal +bone marrow biopsy specimens. In this study, we assessed whether differences in +the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (NF-E2), nerve growth factor +receptor (NGFR; CD271), CD34, CD68, p53, CD3, CD20, and CD138 by +immunohistochemistry could be useful in separating among them. Higher frequencies +of nuclear positive erythroblasts with NF-E2 were observed in ET and PV cases +(50% ± 13.3% and 41.5% ± 9.4%, respectively) when compared with both PF-PMF (21% +± 11.7%) and F-PMF (28.5% ± 10.8%). We found that with a cutoff level of at least +30% nuclear staining for NF-E2 in erythroblasts, we could reliably exclude the +possibility of PMF. Conversely, NGFR+ stromal cells per high-power field (HPF) +was significantly increased in F-PMF (53.5 ± 19.1/HPF) and PF-PMF (13.5 ± +3.8/HPF) compared with ET (4.4 ± 2.2/HPF) and PV (6.6 ± 3.3/HPF). Similarly, +differences in CD34-microvessel density was remarkable in F-PMF and PF-PMF cases +in comparison with PV and ET (49.9 ± 12.1/HPF, 29.3 ± 12.4/HPF, 13.7 ± 4.6/HPF, +and 11.9 ± 5.1/HPF, respectively). Thus, the assessment of NF-E2 and NGFR +expression and the evaluation of CD34-microvessel density may provide additional +support in reaching a correct diagnosis in these cases of myeloproliferative +neoplasms. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.05.004 +PMID: 26093937 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +440. Semin Immunopathol. 2015 Jul;37(4):413-8. doi: 10.1007/s00281-015-0502-8. Epub +2015 Jun 12. + +Pathogenesis of Behçet's disease: autoinflammatory features and beyond. + +Gül A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of +Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey, +agul@istanbul.edu.tr. + +Behçet's disease (BD) is an inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology +characterised by recurrent attacks affecting the mucocutaneous tissues, eyes, +joints, blood vessels, brain and gastrointestinal tract. It is a multifactorial +disease classified as a variable vessel vasculitis, and several environmental +triggers may induce inflammatory episodes in genetically susceptible individuals. +BD has several autoinflammatory features including recurrent self-limited +clinical manifestations overlapping with monogenic autoinflammatory disorders, +significant host predisposition and abnormally increased inflammatory response, +with a robust innate component. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*51 is the +strongest susceptibility factor described so far affecting the disease risk and +typical phenotype. Non-HLA genetic associations such as endoplasmic reticulum +aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R) and IL10 variations +suggest that BD shares susceptibility genes and inflammatory pathways with +spondyloarthritis. Although genomewide association studies revealed an increased +risk associated with recessively inherited ERAP1 variations in HLA-B*51 positive +patients, it is not clear yet whether certain peptide-HLA allele combinations +result in an adaptive response by a self-antigen-directed cytotoxic response or +an innate response by modulating an NK cell activity or causing an unfolded +protein response. Understanding of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class +I-driven inflammatory response is expected to provide insights for the +development of better treatment and remission-induction options in BD as well as +in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriasis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0502-8 +PMID: 26068404 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +441. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Sep;21(4):1223-7. doi: 10.1007/s12253-015-9956-1. Epub +2015 Jun 10. + +Determination of HER2 and p53 Mutations by Sequence Analysis Method and +EGFR/Chromosome 7 Gene Status by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization for the +Predilection of Targeted Therapy Modalities in Immunohistochemically Triple +Negative Breast Carcinomas in Turkish Population. + +Pala EE(1), Bayol U, Keskin EU, Ozguzer A, Kucuk U, Ozer O, Koc A. + +Author information: +(1)Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Pathology Department, Gaziler +Caddesi, Yenisehir, Izmir, 35000, Turkey, emelozkok@yahoo.com. + +Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an agressive subtype accounts nearly 15 % +of all breast carcinomas. Conventional chemotherapy is the only treatment +modality thus new, effective targeted therapy methods have been investigated. +Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors give hope according to the +recent studies results. Also therapeutic agents have been tried against aberrant +p53 signal activity as TNBC show high p53 mutation rates. Our aim was to detect +the incidence of mutations/amplifications identified in TNBC in our population. +Here we used sequence analysis to detect HER2 (exon 18-23), p53 (exon 5-8) +mutations; fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method to analyse +EGFR/chromosome 7 centromere gene status in 82 immunohistochemically TNBC. +Basaloid phenotype was identified in 49 (59.8 %) patients. EGFR amplification was +noted in 5 cases (6.1 %). All EGFR amplified cases showed EGFR overexpression by +immunohistochemistry (IHC). p53 mutations were identified in 33 (40.2 %) cases. +Almost 60 % of the basal like breast cancer cases showed p53 mutation. Only one +case showed HER2 mutation (exon 20:g.36830_3). Our results showed that gene +amplification is not the unique mechanism in EGFR overexpression. IHC might be +used in the decision of anti-EGFR therapy in routine practice. p53 mutation rate +was lower than the rates reported in the literature probably due to ethnic +differences and low sensitivity of sanger sequences in general mutation +screening. We also established the rarity of HER2 mutation in TNBC. In conclusion +EGFR and p53 are the major targets in TNBC also for our population. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9956-1 +PMID: 26060045 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +442. Cytopathology. 2015 Jun;26(3):142-56. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12250. + +Guidelines for the Cytopathologic Diagnosis of Epithelioid and Mixed-Type +Malignant Mesothelioma: a secondary publication. + +Hjerpe A(1), Ascoli V(2), Bedrossian CW(3), Boon ME(4), Creaney J(5), Davidson +B(6), Dejmek A(7), Dobra K(1), Fassina A(8), Field A(9), Firat P(10), Kamei +T(11), Kobayashi T(12), Michael CW(13), Önder S(14), Segal A(15), Vielh P(16). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, +Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden. +(2)Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza +University, Rome, Italy. +(3)Rush University Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA. +(4)Leiden Cytology and Pathology Laboratory, Lieveren, The Netherlands. +(5)National Centre for Asbestos Related Disease, School of Medicine and +Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA, +Australia. +(6)Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University +Hospital, Oslo, Norway. +(7)Department of Laboratory Medicine in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö University +Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. +(8)Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. +(9)Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincents Hospital, Sydney, NSW, +Australia. +(10)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +(11)Division of Pathology, Yamaguchi Grand Medical Center, Hofu, Japan. +(12)Cancer Education and Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of +Medicine, Osaka, Japan. +(13)Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals +Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. +(14)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. +(15)Department of Tissue Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, QE2 Medical +Centre, Perth, WA, Australia. +(16)Department of Biopathology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, +Villejuif, France. + +Comment in + Cytopathology. 2015 Jun;26(3):137-8. + +OBJECTIVE: To provide practical guidelines for the cytopathologic diagnosis of +malignant mesothelioma. +DATA SOURCES: Cytopathologists with an interest in the field involved in the +International Mesothelioma Interest Group (IMIG) and the International Academy of +Cytology (IAC) contributed to this update. Reference material includes +peer-reviewed publications and textbooks. +RATIONALE: This article is the result of discussions during and after the IMIG +2012 conference in Boston, followed by thorough discussions during the 2013 IAC +meeting in Paris. Additional contributions have been obtained from +cytopathologists and scientists who could not attend these meetings, with final +discussions and input during the IMIG 2014 conference in Cape Town. + +© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12250 +PMID: 26052757 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +443. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Mar 1;8(3):3230-7. eCollection 2015. + +Effects of intra-abdominal pressure on adrenal gland function and morphology in +rats. + +Akkapulu N(1), Tirnaksiz MB(1), Kulac I(2), Tezel GG(2), Hayran M(3), Dogrul +AB(1), Cetinkaya E(1), Yorganci K(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Preventive Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Hacettepe University +School of Medicine Ankara, Turkey. + +Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome (IAH/ACS) are +life-threatening conditions and caused by several clinical status. Although there +is insufficient data regarding its effects on adrenal glands. This study aimed to +identify whether elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) caused any alteration on +the morphology and function of adrenal glands in a rat model. Twenty four +Sprague-Dawley male rats were included in the study. Animals were allocated into +4 groups. IAP was elevated to 15 mmHg for one hour and four hours in group 2 and +4. Group 1 and 3 were sham groups. Blood samples were taken for the assessment of +plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline, and corticosterone levels and adrenalectomies +were performed to evaluate apoptosis. Blood adrenaline, noradrenaline and +corticosterone levels were significantly higher in the study groups compared with +the sham groups. However, there were no significant changes in apoptotic index +scores in the study groups as compared to sham groups. These results support that +increased IAH leads to discharge of catecholamine and corticosterone from the +adrenal glands. Failure to demonstrate similar changes in apoptotic index score +may be concluded as apoptosis is not a leading pathway for impairment of adrenal +glands during IAH period. + + +PMCID: PMC4440155 +PMID: 26045846 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +444. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Sep;21(4):1209-16. doi: 10.1007/s12253-015-9958-z. Epub +2015 Jun 4. + +Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers β-catenin, Snail, and E-Cadherin do not +Predict Disease Free Survival in Prostate Adenocarcinoma: a Prospective Study. + +Ipekci T(1), Ozden F, Unal B, Saygin C, Uzunaslan D, Ates E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, +Turkey. + +Current methods for diagnosis and staging of prostate adenocarcinoma are not +sensitive enough to distinguish between patients with indolent disease and those +that should receive radical treatment. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is +a well-characterized process involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. The aim +of this study is to analyze the expression of β-catenin, Snail, and E-cadherin in +prostate cancer patients with prospective evaluation of their value in predicting +disease-free survival (DFS). One-hundred-and-three consecutive prostate carcinoma +patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and 35 patients with benign prostate +hyperplasia (BPH) were enrolled. Age, initial PSA level, tumor size and clinical +stage were documented for adenocarcinoma patients and they were enrolled in +active surveillance with serum PSA levels. Recurrence was defined as PSA level of +≥ 0.2 ng/ml on at least 2 occasions over a 2-month period. Immunohistochemical +staining intensity was scored as negative, weakly positive, moderately positive, +and strongly positive. For Snail and β-catenin immunoreaction, the tumors were +considered nuclear positive when more than 5 % of the nuclei of tumor cells were +positively stained. Patients with prostate cancer had weaker β-catenin (p < +0.0001), Snail (p = 0.006), and E-cadherin (p = 0.02) staining when compared to +BPH patients and the frequency of nuclear positivity for β-catenin and Snail were +higher in adenocarcinoma group (p < 0.0001). Increased expression and nuclear +positivity of β-catenin were associated with advanced stage (p = 0.012 and p = +0.003) and higher tumor volume (p = 0.013 and p = 0.002). Additionally, patients +with increased Snail expression had higher Gleason scores and tumor volume at +presentation (p = 0.008 and p = 0.004). However, there were no significant DFS +differences in adenocarcinoma patients who did and did not have β-catenin, Snail, +and E-cadherin expression as assessed with log-rank test. Expressions of +β-catenin, Snail, and E-cadherin were significantly lower in prostate cancer +patients compared to BPH patients and both β-catenin and Snail had nuclear +staining pattern in patients with adenocarcinoma. However, none of these markers +predicted DFS in 36-month follow up of our cohort. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9958-z +PMID: 26037169 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +445. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015;34(4):223-32. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1042606. Epub +2015 Jun 2. + +Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroids on the Growth Plates of Infant Rats. + +Kemer S(1), Karademir F, Aydemir G, Kucukodaci Z, Pirgon O, Genc FA, Aydinoz S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Van Military Hospital , Van , Turkey. + +The most significant adverse effect of inhaled steroid administration in children +is suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responsiveness and +suppression of growth. This study evaluates the effects of inhaled +corticosteroids on the growth plates in infant rats. Rats aged 10 days were +divided into five groups. Low and high doses of budesonide and fluticasone +propionate (50-200-250 mcg/day) were applied with a modified spacer for 10 days. +The rat's tibias were then removed and the effects of the steroids on the growth +plates were compared. Growth cartilage chondrocyte proliferation and apoptosis +rates; IGF-1 and glucocorticoid receptor levels; and resting, proliferative, +hypertrophic, and total zone (TZ) measurements were compared using +immunohistochemical-staining methods. With high doses of fluticasone, growth +plates were affected much more than with high doses of budesonide (p = 0.01). +Fluticasone, particularly at a dose of 250 mcg, inhibited the growth plate with +an intensive negative impact on all parameters. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1042606 +PMID: 26035745 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +446. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015;34(4):212-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1042603. Epub +2015 Jun 1. + +A Huge Fetal Sacrococcygeal Teratoma with a Vascular Disruption Sequence. + +Atis A(1), Kaya B, Acar D, Polat I, Gezdirici A, Gedikbasi A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and +Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey. + +Fetal sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) occur in one to two per 20 000 pregnancies +that cause high-output cardiac failure. High-output cardiac failure leads to +polyhydramnios, hydrops, intrauterine fetal demise and preterm birth. Vascular +disruption defects refer to those involving the interruption or destruction of +some part of the fetal vasculature. We present a rare case of huge SCT causing +multiple fetal disruption defects like cleft lip and palate and limb anomalies +besides hydrops. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2015.1042603 +PMID: 26029981 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +447. Pol J Pathol. 2015 Mar;66(1):57-66. + +Evaluation of different p16 immunostaining methods and the prognostic role of +p16/Ki-67 combined expression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancers. + +Özyalvaçli G(1), Özyalvaçli ME, Astarci HM, Boran Ç, Yeşil C, Üyetürk U, Aktaș G. + +Author information: +(1)Gülzade Özyalvaçll MD, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant +Izzet Baysal University, 14280 Bolu, Turkey, tel. +90 505 391 14 68, fax +90 374 +253 45 15, e-mail: gulzade78@yahoo.com. + +There are many scoring methods evaluating the expression of p16 in the bladder +immunohistochemically. In this study our aim was to determine an optimal p16 +scoring method by discussing different staining methods related with p16 +expression in bladder cancers and to establish the association of p16 and Ki-67 +expressions, alone or in combination, with recurrence and progression. Ninety +patients undergoing their first transurethral resection for bladder cancer and +newly diagnosed papillary urothelial carcinoma (pTa and pT1) were included in the +study. Four different scoring methods were used for p16 (p16a, p16b, p16c, p16d). +The patients were divided into two groups based on recurrence and progression. +There was a statistically significant difference between recurrence and abnormal +p16d staining (p = 0.005). In other staining patterns of p16, there was no +statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence or progression.In the +multivariate logistic regression analysis, combined Ki-67 ≥ 10 and abnormal p16d +staining was found to be the only independent predictive factor for recurrence +(OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 0.13-46.41, p = 0.035) and no independent predictive factor +for progression was found. Determining an adequate expression scoring by taking +normal transitional epithelial staining pattern as a reference would be an +objective approach in p16 evaluation. Moreover, it was found that evaluating p16d +and Ki-67 in combination would be significant in predicting recurrence in pTa and +pT1 urothelial carcinomas. + + +PMID: 26017881 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +448. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2015 Sep;36(3):188-92. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000167. + +Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Report of 3 Cases and Literature Review +Hormonal, Autoimmune, Morphological Factors. + +Melez İE(1), Arslan MN, Melez DO, Akçay A, Büyük Y, Avşar A, Kumral B, Şirin G, +Karayel FA, Daş T, Dokudan YE, Şam B. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakıf +University; †The Ministry of Justice Council of Forensic Medicine, İstanbul; +‡Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam +University, Kahramanmaraş; §Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, +Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ; ∥Department of Forensic Medicine, İstanbul +Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey. + +The number of cases with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is +considered to be being underestimated because of a large amount of SCAD leading +to sudden death without previous diagnosis. Besides, not only in clinics but also +in autopsy practice, correct diagnosis of SCAD is important to prevent forensic +malpractice.The article is intended to discuss the pathological findings through +the forensic point of view for improving the malpractice expertise in scope of +clinicians' timely antemortem diagnosis according to risk factors and in scope of +forensic pathologists' the cause of death determination ability according to +macroscopical and microscopical findings of the autopsy.In 3 cases reported, the +main characteristics were the female sex, pregnancy history and a sudden death +without any trauma. However, although there are many women giving birth or using +oral contraceptives, only some of them are facing with SCAD. This suggests the +possibility of some hereditary factors, whereas hereditary characteristics may be +understood in many different ways like hormone-releasing regulating mechanisms as +well as immunity, morphology, or any other mechanism. For instance, autoimmunity +has been also a hereditary underlying factor for vessel injury considered in +presented cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000167 +PMID: 26010056 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +449. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2015 Aug;19(4):239-42. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.04.007. +Epub 2015 May 12. + +Anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene expression in small round cell tumors of +childhood--a comparative ımmunohistochemical study. + +Karakuş E(1), Emir S(2), Kaçar A(3), Karakuş R(4), Demir HA(5), Özyörük D(2). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Research and +Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: esrakaraku@gmail.com. +(2)Pediatric Oncology Department, Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology +Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ordu University Faculty of Medicine, Ordu, Turkey. +(4)Department of Immunology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Departments of Pediatrics and Pediatric Oncology, Private Memorial Ankara +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +The focus of this study was to investigate anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) +expression by immunohistochemistry using a highly specific antibody. Distribution +and frequency of ALK expression may provide a clue for ALK inhibitor use in small +round cell tumors of childhood. The study group involved 76 small round cell +tumors of childhood, which composed of 11 rhabdomyosarcomas, 13 Wilms tumors, 7 +Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumors, 34 peripheral neuroblastic +tumors, and 11 acute lymphoblastic lymphoma. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein +expression in small round cell tumors of childhood is poorly described in the +literature. The findings of our study highlight a potential and possible role of +targeting ALK in pediatric solid tumors by using ALK immunohistochemistry. +Anaplastic lymphoma kinase may also have an oncogenic role in rhabdomyosarcomas +and peripheral neuroblastic tumors, and they may possibly be treated with ALK +inhibitors. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase expression in Wilms tumors is not reported +in the literature, previously. Our study evaluated ALK expression in Wilms tumor +samples. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.04.007 +PMID: 26005112 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +450. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Sep;21(4):1157-65. doi: 10.1007/s12253-015-9934-7. Epub +2015 May 24. + +Microchimeric Cells, Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies and Cancer. + +Korkmaz DT(1), Demirhan O, Abat D, Demirberk B, Tunç E, Kuleci S. + +Author information: +(1)Vocational School of Health Services, Adıyaman University, Altınşehir, +Adıyaman, Turkey. + +The phenomenon of feta-maternal microchimerisms inspires numerous questions. Many +questions remain to be answered regarding this new avenue of genetics. The X and +Y chromosomes have been associated with malignancy in different types of human +tumors. We aimed to investigate the numerical aberrations of chromosomes X and Y +in lung cancer (LC) and bladder cancer (BC) and review recent evidence for +possible roles of microchimeric cells (McCs) in these cancers. We carried out +cytogenetic analysis of the tumor and blood sampling in 52 cases of people with +BC and LC, and also with 30 healthy people. A total of 48 (92.3 %) of the +patients revealed sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs). A total SCAs was found in +9.8 % of 2282 cells that were analyzed as one or more cells in each case. The 68 +and 95 SCAs were found in the 1952 (8.4 %) cells in peripheral blood, and 41 and +19 SCAs in the 330 (18.2 %) cells in the tumoral tissues respectively. There was +a significant difference in the frequencies of SCAs between the patients and the +control groups determined by the Fischer's Exact Test (p < 0.0001). The +frequencies of SCAs were higher in the tumoral tissues than in the blood (p < +0.0001). There was a significant difference in the frequencies of SCAs between +the tumor and blood tissues, and this was higher in the tumor tissue (p < +0.0001). In general, 78.9 % (41) of the 52 patients with LC and BC had X and Y +chromosome monosomies. Largely a Y chromosome loss was present in 77.8 % of the +men, and the 47, XXY karyotype was found in 33.3 % of them. The second most +common SCA was monosomy X, and was found in 71.4 % of the women. McCs were +observed in 26.9 % of the 52 patients, and the frequencies of McCs were higher in +the blood than in the tissues (p < 0.0001). XY cells were identified in the lung +and bladder tissues of the women who had been pregnant with boys, but not in +those who had not. There was a significant difference in the frequencies of McCs +between the LC and BC patients (p < 0.0005). We speculate that the microchimerism +could have a general beneficial role in cancer, in which some sites may not be +evident because of an allogeneic maternal immune reaction that hastens cancer +development. A further understanding of McCs may help in anticipating its +implications in cancer. Our results may suggest that SCAs may be contributing +factors in the development of LC and BC, and aneuploidies of X and Y chromosomes +play a role in the pathogenesis of cancers. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9934-7 +PMID: 26003190 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +451. Acta Cytol. 2015;59(2):180-6. doi: 10.1159/000381615. Epub 2015 May 14. + +Evaluation of Micronuclei, Nuclear Anomalies and the Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Ratio of +Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells in Genital Candidiasis. + +Safi Oz Z(1), Dogan Gun B, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine, +Zonguldak, Turkey. + +Comment in + Acta Cytol. 2015;59(5):429-30. + Acta Cytol. 2015;59(5):431-3. + +OBJECTIVE: Candida is the most common cause of fungal infections. The aim of this +study was to fill the gaps in the current knowledge on the frequencies of +micronuclei and nuclear anomalies, and the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio in genital +candidiasis. +STUDY DESIGN: A total of 88 Papanicolaou- stained cervical smears, which +comprised Candida spp. (n = 44) and control cases with no infectious agent (n = +44), were studied. In each smear, cells with micronuclei and nuclear anomalies +were counted in 1,000 epithelial cells and also nuclear and cellular areas were +evaluated using image analysis software at a magnification of ×400. +RESULTS: The frequencies of micronucleated and binucleated cells and cells with +perinuclear halos, and the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio of epithelial cells were +higher in the Candida-infected group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: Genital candidiasis is able to induce changes in the size and shape +of epithelial cells. The nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and the frequency of +micronuclei may reflect the DNA damage in the cervical epithelium. Micronucleus +scoring could be used to screen the genomic damage profile of epithelial cells in +candidiasis. + +© 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000381615 +PMID: 25998009 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +452. J Comp Pathol. 2015 Jul;153(1):9-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.03.005. Epub 2015 +May 15. + +Neospora caninum: the First Demonstration of the Enteroepithelial Stages in the +Intestines of a Naturally Infected Dog. + +Kul O(1), Atmaca HT(2), Anteplioglu T(2), Ocal N(3), Canpolat S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Kirikkale, Yahsihan, +Kirikkale, Turkey. Electronic address: oguzkul@kku.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Kirikkale, Yahsihan, +Kirikkale, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kirikkale, Yahsihan, Kirikkale, +Turkey. + +A 1.5-month-old Kangal breed puppy from a dairy cattle farm died after showing +severe diarrhoea and incoordination. Necropsy examination revealed multifocal +pulmonary consolidation and necrosis and fibrinohaemorrhagic enteritis. +Microscopically, there was necrotic and purulent bronchopneumonia, myocarditis +and non-purulent encephalitis. In the jejunum and ileum there was villous atrophy +and crypt hyperplasia with oocyst-like and schizont-like structures in the +epithelia. Immunohistochemically, Neospora caninum antigen was detected in +association with the intestinal protozoal structures, degenerative neurons and +areas of necrosis in the lungs and heart. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed +that the organism was N. caninum and not Toxoplasma gondii. The seroprevalence +for N. caninum was 74.2% (49/66 animals) for the cattle and 57.1% (4/7 animals) +for dogs on this farm. This report documents fatal systemic neosporosis and +enteroepithelial stages of N. caninum in a naturally infected puppy. To the +authors' knowledge, this is the first definition of intestinal neosporosis in a +naturally infected dog as well as the first evidence of fatal canine neosporosis +in Turkey. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.03.005 +PMID: 25981437 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +453. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Feb 1;8(2):2051-6. eCollection 2015. + +Mean platelet volume in patients with biliary and non-biliary acute pancreatitis. + +Okuturlar Y(1), Soylu A(2), Dogan H(3), Cakmak S(2), Kirac Utku I(1), Oztosun +B(1), Akarsu C(4), Ocak Serin S(5), Avci A(3), Kones O(4), Ozucelik DN(3), Guzey +D(4), Harmankaya O(1), Kumbasar A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Gastroenterology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and +Research Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research +Hospital Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Internal Medicine, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital +Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a systemic inflammatory disease. We +aimed to detect whether there was a change of mean platelet volume (MPV) level on +onset and remission patients with biliary and non-biliary acute pancreatitis. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our emergency service patients diagnosed with biliary +and nonbiliary AP were analyzed retrospectively. Laboratory results measured in +onset and remission were recorded and compared. +RESULTS: Total number of patients enrolled in our study was 331 (177 female). 194 +cases were classified as biliary and 137 were as non-biliary AP. Average age and +numbers of female patients of biliary cases were higher than that of nonbiliary +cases. Initial MPV values were lower than remission values in all patients with +AP. In biliary group initial MPV was 8.42 ± 1.04 and remission value was 8.71 ± +1.12. In nonbiliary group initial MPV was 8.07 ± 1.02 and remission value was 8.4 +± 1.06. In both groups on onset had lower mean MPV levels than those in remission +(P = 0.0001 both of them). +CONCLUSIONS: MPV values were higher than initial values in remission period in +patients both of groups. MPV was lower in non-biliary AP group than biliary AP +group that can be an indicator of early-onset infection. + + +PMCID: PMC4396319 +PMID: 25973103 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +454. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Feb 1;8(2):1979-84. eCollection 2015. + +Roles of claudin-5 and von Willebrand factor in patients with rheumatoid +arthritis. + +Gurol G(1), Ciftci IH(2), Harman H(3), Karakece E(2), Kamanli A(3), Tekeoglu +I(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University Sakarya, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University Sakarya, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Rheumatology/Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya +University Sakarya, Turkey. + +Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects +approximately 1% of the world's population. The pathogenesis of RA is not +understood fully. It is assumed that endothelial function is associated with the +proinflammatory state of RA. Endothelial dysfunction/activation reflects the +increased level of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and a shift toward prothrombotic +activity of the endothelium. The present study was performed to investigate the +possible relationships between vWF and claudin-5 and the level of disease +activity in patients with RA. The study population was divided into four groups +according to the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28): remission group +(RG), 18 patients (DAS28 < 2.6); low disease activity group (LDAG), 23 patients +(DAS28 > 2.6-3.2); moderate disease activity (MDAG), 23 patients (DAS28 > +3.2-5.1); high disease activity group (HDAG), 14 patients (DAS28 > 5.1); and +control group (CG), 10 healthy subjects. Claudin-5 and vWF assessment were +derived from serum samples gathered from the patients known to have RF and +anti-CCP titers in the normal ranges. A high positive association of claudin-5 +and vWF with the MDAG was observed (P < 0.001). The results of our study +indicated that the relationship between vWF and claudin-5, which are indicators +of endothelial cell dysfunction and tight junction activity, may be a predictor +of disease activity. Further studies are required to investigate these pathways +to shed light on the roles of claudin-5 and vWF in the progression of +inflammation and other vascular conditions. + + +PMCID: PMC4396339 +PMID: 25973092 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +455. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2015 Jun;36(2):121-2. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000147. + +Deadly portal was caught red-handed: the computed tomographic images of the +source of pulmonary air embolism. + +Ceviker K(1), Yazkan R, Demirtas H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Suleyman Demirel University Medical +Faculty Isparta, Turkey drkadirce@yahoo.com Department of Thoracic Surgery +Suleyman Demirel University Medical Faculty Isparta, Turkey Department of +Radiology Suleyman Demirel University Medical Faculty Isparta, Turkey. + +Comment on + Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014 Dec;35(4):237-8. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000147 +PMID: 25955976 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +456. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2015 May;39(3):169-76. doi: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1014610. + +Comparison of the myotoxic effects of levobupivacaine, bupivacaine, and +ropivacaine: an electron microscopic study. + +Öz Gergin Ö(1), Yıldız K, Bayram A, Sencar L, Coşkun G, Yay A, Biçer C, Özdamar +S, Polat S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anaesthesiology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital , +Kayseri , Turkey . + +The aim of this study was to investigate the myotoxic effects of bupivacaine, +ropivacaine, and levobupivacaine which were applied intramuscularly to rat +skeletal muscle. Forty Wistar-Albino rats were divided into four groups. In the +study, .5% bupivacaine (Group B), .5% ropivacaine (Group R), .5% levobupivacaine +(Group L), or .9% normal saline (Group SF) was applied intramuscularly to the +right gastrocnemius muscle of rats. The rats in each group were sacrificed on the +second day after injection. Sections of muscle samples were stained with +hematoxylin-eosin for light microscopic investigation and prepared for the +evaluation of ultrastructural changes in the subcellular level with transmission +electron microscopy. All three local anesthetic agents caused qualitatively +similar skeletal muscle damage. The most observed muscle damage was in Group B, +muscle damage of Group R was less than that of Group B, and the least damage was +seen in Group L quantitatively. Electron microscopic examination of each group +that caused cellular damage was qualitatively similar. The most subcellular +damage was observed in the group receiving bupivacaine, less was seen in the +ropivacaine group, and the least was observed in the levobupivacaine group. The +results indicated that bupivacaine caused more myotoxic damage than the other two +agents in the skeletal muscle of rats and that levobupivacaine caused less +myotoxic damage than both bupivacaine and ropivacaine at the cell and tissue +levels. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2015.1014610 +PMID: 25941920 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +457. J Cutan Pathol. 2015 Sep;42(9):652-6. doi: 10.1111/cup.12497. Epub 2015 Jun 1. + +Multibranched acquired periungual fibrokeratomas with confounding histopathologic +findings resembling papillomavirus infection: a report of two cases. + +Göktay F(1), Altan ZM(1), Haras ZB(1), Güneş P(2), Yaşar Ş(1), Aytekin S(1), +Haneke E(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Dermatology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Bern, +Switzerland. + +Acquired periungual fibrokeratomas are benign fibrous tissue tumors and are +considered as the topographical variant of acquired digital fibrokeratoma. They +usually present as solitary tumors. In some instance, the entity may appear in +multibranched fashion. The main histopathologic features consist of acanthosis, +thick collagen bundles mainly oriented in a vertical axis forming a central core, +and numerous proliferating fibroblasts. In this article, we present two cases of +acquired multibranched periungual fibrokeratoma and depict their varying clinical +features over time. Binucleation and perinuclear halos of keratinocytes mimicking +human papillomavirus (HPV) infection were detected microscopically, but there was +no reactivity with HPV immunostaining. In context, anti-HPV immunostaining may be +helpful in the differentiation of fibrokeratomas from HPV infection. On the other +hand, it should be kept in mind that these histopathologic findings may be found +in acral biopsies independent of viral effects. + +© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.12497 +PMID: 25924785 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +458. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Aug;43(8):622-8. doi: 10.1002/dc.23289. Epub 2015 Apr 25. + +The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy for +thyroid nodules three centimeters or larger in size. + +Ucler R(1), Usluogulları CA(1), Tam AA(1), Ozdemir D(1), Balkan F(1), Yalcın +S(2), Kıyak G(2), Ersoy PE(2), Guler G(3), Ersoy R(1), Cakır B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk Education and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Comment in + Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Dec;43(12):1037-8. + +BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Whether under ultrasonography (US) guidance or not, +fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has some limitations, particularly in larger +nodules. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of US-guided +fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB) in thyroid nodules equal to or larger +than 3 cm. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of 267 patients operated for nodular goiter in the +period of January 2006 and March 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. The study +group (40 males, 104 females; mean age 42.3 ± 12.3, between 17 and 71) consisted +of patients with nodules with a diameter of 3 cm or larger. Patients with nodules +less than 3 cm in diameter were considered as the control group (27 males, 96 +females; mean age 44.4 ± 11.9, between 18 and 71). +RESULTS: For nodules smaller than 3 cm, US-FNAB had an accuracy rate of 60% and a +false negativity rate of 21.9%. In nodules equal to or larger than 3 cm, the +accuracy rate of US-FNAB was 80%, with a false negativity rate of 6.7%. +Malignancy was observed in 16% of the study group and 42.3% of the control group. +CONCLUSION: This study showed that increased nodule diameter is not associated +with limitations in the diagnostic value of US-FNAB. We also found that the +malignancy rate was smaller for larger nodules. This finding reflects the +importance of accurate and rational diagnostic work-up and clinical management +for detecting malignancy and surgical decision-making. + +© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23289 +PMID: 25914194 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +459. Int J Surg Pathol. 2015 Aug;23(5):349-58. doi: 10.1177/1066896915581200. Epub +2015 Apr 24. + +Tumor Budding Is Independently Predictive for Lymph Node Involvement in Early +Gastric Cancer. + +Gulluoglu M(1), Yegen G(2), Ozluk Y(2), Keskin M(2), Dogan S(2), Gundogdu G(2), +Onder S(2), Balik E(2). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey +mine.gulluoglu@yahoo.com mggullu@istanbul.edu.tr. +(2)Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The most important prognostic factor for early gastric cancer (EGC) +is the lymph node status. It is important to predict early lesions without lymph +node metastasis (LNM) before proceeding to radical surgery in locally excised +lesions. Tumor budding is a feature known to be related to aggressive tumor +behavior in several solid tumors. We aimed to assess the predictive value of +tumor budding for LNM in pT1a and pT1b gastric cancer. +METHODS: We retrospectively investigated radical gastrectomy specimens for of 126 +EGC patients and assess the possible relation between the clinicopathologic +features, including age, gender, tumor location, tumor size, macroscopic tumor +type, histologic differentiation, depth and width of submucosal invasion, +lymphovascular invasion, and tumor budding with lymph node involvement. +RESULTS: Among the 126 EGCs, 38 were stages as pT1a and 88 as pT1b. LNM rate in +pT1a tumors was 13% whereas it was 33% in pT1b tumors. Tumor budding was the only +factor significantly and independently related to LNM in pT1a patients. Female +gender and tumor budding were found to be independent risk factors in pT1b group. +Other clinicopathologic features were not related to LNM. +CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we suggest that budding is a promising +parameter to assess for prediction of LNM in EGC removed by endoscopic surgery, +and to decide on the appropriate surgical approach. + +© The Author(s) 2015. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896915581200 +PMID: 25911564 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +460. APMIS. 2015 Jul;123(7):613-7. doi: 10.1111/apm.12394. Epub 2015 Apr 23. + +Malignant glomus tumor with oncocytic features: an unusual presentation of +dysphagia. + +Ugras N(1), Yercİ Ö(1), Yalçınkaya U(1), Gülcü B(2), Öztürk E(2), Yıldırım Ç(3), +Çavuşoğlu İ(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. +(4)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, +Bursa, Turkey. + +Glomus tumors in the gastrointestinal tract are unusual, as the previous series +in the literature have been mainly limited to the stomach. Less than 10 cases of +esophageal glomus tumors have been described in the literature. Oncocytic glomus +tumors are a recently identified, rare variant of the glomus tumor. We report a +47-year-old female who presented with an approximately 3-month history of +dysphagia and weight loss. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a +black-purple, hypervascular, protruding lesion measuring approximately 65 mm at +the 37th cm of the esophagus. The patient underwent an Ivor Lewis operation via +open thoracotomy. The resected specimen had a protuberant, ulcerated mass +measuring 80 × 35 mm in the posterior wall of the esophagus. Based on the +histopathological, immunohistochemical and electron microscope findings, the +final diagnosis was a malignant glomus tumor with oncocytic features. To our +knowledge, this is the first report of a malignant glomus tumor with oncocytic +features in an esophageal location. + +© 2015 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12394 +PMID: 25908295 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +461. Pathol Res Pract. 2015 Jul;211(7):505-12. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.03.002. Epub +2015 Mar 20. + +Gelsolin, NF-κB, and p53 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Impact on +outcome. + +Kankaya D(1), Kiremitci S(2), Tulunay O(2), Baltaci S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: duygu.kankaya@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, Medical School of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: To examine the prognostic significance of Gelsolin, NF-κB, and p53 in +clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CRCC), which has an unpredictable behavior and +tendency for recurrence and metastasis. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was performed on 100 consecutive +cases of CRCC using antibodies against Gelsolin, NF-κB, and p53. Tumors were +grouped by nuclear grade (NG) as low NG (NG1, 2) or high NG (NG3, 4), and by +pathological stage as localized (pT1, 2) or locally invasive (pT3, 4). Clinical +stage was grouped as early stage (stage I, II) or late stage (stage III, IV). +Evaluation was based on cytoplasmic (NF-κB(Cyt)) and nuclear (NF-κB(Nuc)) +expression for NF-κB, nuclear expression for p53, membranous and cytoplasmic +expression for Gelsolin. +RESULTS: Gelsolin expression correlated with high NG (p = 0.001), metastasis (p = +0.003), late stage (p = 0.008), and cancer death (p = 0.001). NF-κB(Cyt) +expression correlated with high NG (p = 0.002), perirenal invasion (p = 0.010), +local invasion (p = 0.020), and late stage (p= 0.003). NF-κB(Nuc) expression +failed to predict the prognosis of CRCC. p53 expression correlated with high NG +(p = 0.045), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.05), metastasis (p = 0.001), late +stage (p = 0.028), and cancer death (p = 0.034). However, only Gelsolin was found +to correlate with disease-specific survival, (p = 0.006), and neither NF-κB nor +p53 showed such relation. +CONCLUSION: Expressions of Gelsolin, NF-κB(Cyt), and p53 associated with +aggressive behavior of CRCC, while Gelsolin expression specifically indicated +poor disease-specific survival. The results of the present study served to +determine biomarkers for predicting high-risk patients with CRCC, expected to +show aggressive phenotype. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.03.002 +PMID: 25908108 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +462. Diagn Pathol. 2015 Apr 21;10:34. doi: 10.1186/s13000-015-0266-4. + +Expression of Glypican 3 in low and high grade urothelial carcinomas. + +Aydin O(1), Yildiz L(2), Baris S(3), Dundar C(4), Karagoz F(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Atakum, Samsun, 55139, Turkey. uzaydin@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Atakum, Samsun, 55139, Turkey. leventy@omu.edu.tr. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Atakum, Samsun, 55139, Turkey. sancarbaris@omu.edu.tr. +(4)Department of Public Health, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Samsun, Turkey. chddundar@gmail.com. +(5)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Atakum, Samsun, 55139, Turkey. filizkaragoz@yahoo.com. + +BACKGROUND: Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an oncofetal protein which is encoded by GPC3 +gene and takes role in the regulation of cell division and apoptosis. +Overexpression of GPC3 has been reported in some types of cancer such as +hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the lungs +and testicular germ cell tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the +immunohistochemical expression of GPC3 in the non-neoplastic urothelium and in +urothelial carcinoma (UC). We also aimed to explore the alterations in the GPC3 +expression according to the grade and the invasiveness of UC. +METHODS: GPC3 expression was studied in 108 UC cases by using +immunohistochemistry. Each section was evaluated in terms of the extensiveness +and intensity of GPC3 staining. Scores of immunostaining were correlated with +tumor grade and stage. +RESULTS: GPC3 expression was observed in 38 cases (35.2%). GPC3 expression was +positive in 43.6% of high and in 13.3% of low grade UC (p: 0.003). In 19 UC cases +biopsy also harbored non-neoplastic urothelium which showed no staining for GPC3. +The difference in staining percentages between low and high grade UCs, suggests +that GPC3 staining could be used as an adjunctive marker in cases where the +distinction between the low and high grade tumors is difficult. In addition, lack +of staining in the non-neoplastic urothelial areas in 19 cases raises the +possibility of the use of GPC3 staining for the distinction between neoplastic +and non-neoplastic urothelium, especially in punch biopsy samples. +CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results potential role of GPC3 in urothelial +carcinogenesis warrants further investigation, especially the potential use of +GPC3 for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. +VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: +http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2260833001522844. + +DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0266-4 +PMCID: PMC4414302 +PMID: 25896897 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +463. Int J Exp Pathol. 2015 Apr;96(2):111-5. doi: 10.1111/iep.12123. Epub 2015 Apr 17. + +Application of talcum powder, trichloroacetic acid and silver nitrate in female +rats for non-surgical sterilization: evaluation of the apoptotic pathway mRNA and +miRNA genes. + +Yumrutas O(1), Kara M(2), Atilgan R(3), Kavak SB(3), Bozgeyik I(1), Sapmaz E(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Adiyaman, +Adiyaman, Turkey. +(2)Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocman +University, Mugla, Turkey. +(3)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Firat, Elazıg, Turkey. + +There are several methods used for non-surgical sterilization in birth control +including quinacrine, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), erythromycin, tetracycline, +silver nitrate and talcum powder. Among these, talcum powder, TCA and silver +nitrate are the most commonly used. However, the toxic and carcinogenic +activities of these chemicals in ovarian tissue have been poorly elucidated. This +study demonstrates the expression levels of antioxidant, apoptotic and +anti-apoptotic genes after administration of talc powder, TCA and silver nitrate +for non-surgical sterilization in female rat models. The expression changes of +some microRNAs (miR-15b, miR-21, miR-34a and miR-98) that play key roles in the +apoptosis pathway were also included. All expression analyses were evaluated with +real-time PCR. The expression levels of all genes appeared to be upregulated in +the talcum powder group, but the results were not statistically significant. +Increased expression of Gsr and Sod1 genes was statistically significant in the +talcum powder group. In TCA and silver nitrate group, expression of all genes was +appeared to be elevated but only the Gsr expression was statistically significant +in the TCA-administrated group; there were no statistically significant changes +in the silver nitrate group. miRNA expression levels were increased in talcum +powder and TCA-administrated groups, but these results were not significant. +Expression levels of miR-15b, miR-21 and miR-98 in the silver nitrate group were +significantly increased. Consequently, these chemicals appear to be +non-carcinogenic agents for rat ovarian tissue which do not induce apoptosis. +However, talcum powder and TCA can be considered as agents that are toxic to +ovarian tissue. + +© 2015 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2015 +International Journal of Experimental Pathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12123 +PMCID: PMC4459804 +PMID: 25885949 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +464. Histol Histopathol. 2015 Oct;30(10):1233-42. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-621. Epub 2015 +Apr 17. + +eNOS and iNOS trigger apoptosis in the brains of sheep and goats naturally +infected with the border disease virus. + +Dincel GC(1), Kul O(2). + +Author information: +(1)Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Siran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational +School, University of Gumushane, Gumushane, Turkey. gcdincel@yahoo.com.tr. +(2)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of +Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey. oguzkul@kku.edu.tr. + +In this study, apoptotic and anti-apoptotic mechanisms and if present, which +pathway to trigger the apoptosis in the brains of Border Disease Virus (BDV) +infected lambs (n=10) and goat kids (n=5) were investigated. Briefly, apoptotic +(caspase 3, caspase 9) and anti-apoptotic markers (Bcl-2), cytokine response +(TNF-α, INF-γ), reactive gliosis and myelin loss were examined. eNOS, iNOS, +caspase 9, caspase 3 and GFAP expressions were higher in BDV infected tissues +compared to control animals (6 kids and 6 lambs) (p<0.05). Double +immunoperoxidase test revealed that TUNEL positive apoptotic cells showed +significant association with increased eNOS-iNOS and iNOS-BDV expressions. +However, no significant differences were found for TNFR1, TNF-α and INF-γ +expressions in BD (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the +intensity of myelin loss, GFAP activity and severity of infection. Inconclusion, +as a novel finding, it is established that eNOS and iNOS overexpressions are +co-associated with apoptosis in BDV infected neurons and neuroglia. The results +also strongly suggested that BDV infected apoptotic cells mainly prefer the +intrinsic pathway that might be most likely related to increased nitric oxide +levels. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-621 +PMID: 25882134 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +465. Pathol Res Pract. 2015 Jun;211(6):470-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.03.001. Epub +2015 Mar 14. + +Black joint and synovia: Histopathological evaluation of degenerative joint +disease due to Ochronosis. + +Doganavsargil B(1), Pehlivanoglu B(2), Bicer EK(3), Argin M(4), Bingul KB(2), +Sezak M(2), Kececi B(3), Coker M(5), Oztop F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. +Electronic address: bdoganavsargil@yahoo.com. +(2)Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiodiagnostics, Izmir, +Turkey. +(5)Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and +Metabolism, Izmir, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Ochronotic arthropathy is a rapidly progressive and disabling +arthropathy predominantly encountered after the fifth decade of life, caused by +homogentisate1,2 dioxygenase enzyme deficiency. As it is rare disease, the +literature on histological findings is fragmented. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively re-evaluated histopathological findings +in resection and/or curettage materials (5 hip joint, 4 knee joint, one hip joint +synovium, one intervertebral disk and one paravertebral disk tissue) of seven +ochronosis cases diagnosed between 1995 and 2013 in a single center. +RESULTS: Necrotic brown chondroid detritus was present in all cases either in +synovia or in subchondral area, some of which evoked giant cell reaction. +Notably, brown pigmentation was prominent in upper middle parts of the articular +cartilage but not that prominent in superficial parts and in osteochondral +junction, almost stopping at the tide mark. Pigmentation was observed both in +extracellular matrix and in cytoplasm either in granular or homogeneous fashion. +Depositions were less prominent in osteophytic processes, regenerated +cartilaginous areas and loose bodies. Almost all cases showed synovial detritic +and inflammatory reaction, fibrillation, eburnation, and subchondral sclerosis. +Disk degeneration and findings of ligament rupture were also observed. +CONCLUSIONS: Histopathological diagnosis of ochronosis is not complicated given +the unique "black coloring" of the affected tissues and it can easily be +differentiated from other causes of detritic synovitis both clinically and +histopathologically. However, there is no definitive cure for today and the +reasons for late onset of arthropathy in disease course, and the mechanisms of +tissue reaction to fragmented detritus remain elusive. + +Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier GmbH. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.03.001 +PMID: 25869213 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +466. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2015 Jun;38(3):195-204. doi: 10.1007/s13402-015-0222-z. Epub +2015 Apr 10. + +Anti-proliferative, apoptotic and signal transduction effects of hesperidin in +non-small cell lung cancer cells. + +Birsu Cincin Z(1), Unlu M, Kiran B, Sinem Bireller E, Baran Y, Cakmakoglu B. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, +Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. + +PURPOSE: Hesperidin, a glycoside flavonoid, is thought to act as an anti-cancer +agent, since it has been found to exhibit both pro-apoptotic and +anti-proliferative effects in several cancer cell types. The mechanisms +underlying hesperidin-induced growth arrest and apoptosis are, however, not well +understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative and apoptotic +effects of hesperidin on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and to +investigate the mechanisms involved. +METHODS: The anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of hesperidin on two +NSCLC-derived cell lines, A549 and NCI-H358, were determined using a WST-1 +colorimetric assay, a LDH cytotoxicity assay, a Cell Death Detection assay, an +AnnexinV-FITC assay, a caspase-3 assay and a JC-1 assay, respectively, all in a +time- and dose-dependent manner. As a control, non-cancerous MRC-5 lung +fibroblasts were included. Changes in whole genome gene expression profiles were +assessed using an Illumina Human HT-12v4 beadchip microarray platform, and +subsequent data analyses were performed using an Illumina Genome Studio and +Ingenuity Pathway Analyser (IPA). +RESULTS: We found that after hesperidin treatment, A549 and NCI-H358 cells +exhibited decreasing cell proliferation and increasing caspase-3 and other +apoptosis-related activities, in conjunction with decreasing mitochondrial +membrane potential activities, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Through a GO +analysis, by which changes in gene expression profiles were compared, we found +that the FGF and NF-κB signal transduction pathways were most significantly +affected in the hesperidin treated NCI-H358 and A549 NSCLC cells. +CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that hesperidin elicits an in vitro growth +inhibitory effect on NSCLC cells by modulating immune response-related pathways +that affect apoptosis. When confirmed in vivo, hesperidin may serve as a novel +anti-proliferative agent for non-small cell lung cancer. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0222-z +PMID: 25860498 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +467. APMIS. 2015 May;123(5):445-51. doi: 10.1111/apm.12369. Epub 2015 Apr 4. + +Clinical and pathological correlations of marrow PUMA and P53 expressions in +myelodysplastic syndromes. + +Bektas O(1), Uner A, Buyukasik Y, Uz B, Bozkurt S, Eliacik E, Işik A, +Haznedaroglu IC, Goker H, Demiroglu H, Aksu S, Ozcebe OI, Sayinalp N. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University Division of Adult Hematology, +Ankara, Turkey. + +p53 is a key regulator of apoptosis. p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis +(PUMA) is a critical mediator of p53-dependent and independent apoptosis. The +objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of p53 and PUMA to the +prognosis of MDS. Bone marrow biopsies of MDS patients at the time of diagnosis +(n = 76) and at the time of transformation (n = 19) were included in the study +group. The expression of p53 and PUMA was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. +When compared to the control group, both p53 (p < 0.001) and PUMA (p = 0.012) +expression levels were significantly higher in MDS group. In MDS group, there was +a moderate positive correlation between p53 and PUMA expressions. PUMA expression +was not correlated with event free and overall survival. However, overall +survival was significantly lower in cases with p53 expression in more than 50% of +the cells. There was an increase in PUMA expression in cases that showed +transformation as compared to the initial diagnostic bone marrows but was not +statistically significant. The correlation that existed between p53 and PUMA was +lost in transformed cases. Our results showed that PUMA and p53 expressions are +increased in MDS marrows compared to normal marrows. PUMA expression increases +further during transformation while the expression of p53 is not significantly +altered which suggests that PUMA alterations might be a late event during the +evolution of MDS. + +© 2015 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12369 +PMID: 25846496 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +468. Semin Immunopathol. 2015 Jul;37(4):363-9. doi: 10.1007/s00281-015-0484-6. Epub +2015 Apr 2. + +The myths we believed in familial Mediterranean fever: what have we learned in +the past years? + +Ozen S(1), Batu ED. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University +Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, 06100, Turkey, sezaozen@hacettepe.edu.tr. + +Familial Mediterranean fever is the most common monogenic periodic fever syndrome +over the world especially in the eastern Mediterranean. It presents with +recurrent and self-limited inflammatory attacks of fever and polyserositis along +with high acute-phase reactants. The disease is associated with mutations in the +MEFV gene that encodes pyrin, a component of inflammasome, which leads to +exaggerated inflammatory response through uncontrolled production of interleukin +1. With the identification of the gene associated with the disease, we believed +that everything was solved and that this was an ordinary monogenic disease with +autosomal recessive inheritance. However, through the breathtaking progress in +the basic research field as well as the clinical care of these patients, we have +understood that the picture for this monogenic disorder was more complicated than +we had anticipated. In this review, we have discussed the myths we believed in +familial Mediterranean fever and how they have evolved during the past years. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0484-6 +PMID: 25832989 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +469. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2015 Jun;19(3):175-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.03.002. +Epub 2015 Mar 6. + +Cytomorphologic features and ultrasonographic characteristics of thyroid nodules +with Hurthle cells. + +Tuzun D(1), Ersoy R(2), Yazgan AK(3), Kiyak G(4), Yalcin S(5), Cakir B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara Atatürk Education and +Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: tuzund@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yildirim Beyazit University, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of General Surgery, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. + +This study was designed to evaluate the ultrasonographic and histopathologic +features of nodules composed predominantly of Hurthle cells detected during +cytological examination. Fifty-seven patients with thyroid nodules composed +predominantly of Hurthle cells on fine needle aspiration cytology were +retrospectively analyzed. Patients were evaluated by thyroid ultrasonography +(US), and biopsy samples taken by US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology were +assessed histopathologically. There were 57 patients and 57 nodules with Hurthle +cells in cytological examination; 49 (86%) were classified as Bethesda 1, and 8 +(14%) were classified as Bethesda 3. Histopathologically, 45 (78.9%) nodules were +benign and 12 (21.1%) were malignant. Nuclear groove, transgressing blood vessel, +and absence of colloid were observed with a higher frequency in malignant nodules +compared to benign nodules (P < .05). There were no specific morphological +features (nodule echogenity, presence of microcalsification, presence of cystic +areas, absence of halo, margin irregularity, and increased blood flow) predicting +malignancy in the US evaluation of nodules including Hurthle cells. Nuclear +groove, transgressing blood vessel, and absence of colloid on cytomorphological +evaluation are indicative of malignancy in nodules containing Hurthle cells. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.03.002 +PMID: 25804256 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +470. Hum Pathol. 2015 Jun;46(6):929-30. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.01.021. Epub 2015 +Feb 28. + +Helicobacter pylori dupA and smoking are associated with increased levels of +interleukin-8 in gastric mucosa in Iraq. + +Hussein NR(1), Tuncel IE(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Faculty of Medical +Sciences, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, 8-1014 AM, Iraq. Electronic address: +Nawfal.hussein@yahoo.com. +(2)Fatih University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Comment in + Hum Pathol. 2015 Jun;46(6):931. + +Comment on + Hum Pathol. 2015 Jan;46(1):129-36. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.01.021 +PMID: 25791584 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +471. Dis Markers. 2015;2015:745879. doi: 10.1155/2015/745879. Epub 2015 Feb 19. + +Comment on "Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio: +novel markers for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with idiopathic sudden +sensorineural hearing loss". + +Sertoglu E(1), Kayadibi H(2), Uyanik M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara Mevki Military Hospital, Anittepe Dispensary, +06580 Ankara, Turkey. +(2)Biochemistry Laboratory, Adana Military Hospital, 01150 Adana, Turkey. +(3)Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gulhane School of Medicine, 06010 Ankara, +Turkey. + +Comment in + Dis Markers. 2015;2015:583738. + +Comment on + Dis Markers. 2014;2014:702807. + +DOI: 10.1155/2015/745879 +PMCID: PMC4350877 +PMID: 25788759 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +472. Acta Cytol. 2015;59(1):118-9. doi: 10.1159/000375285. Epub 2015 Mar 7. + +Is Repeated Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Nodules with Bethesda Category III +(Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined +Significance) Associated with a Decreased or Increased Malignancy Rate? + +Kuru B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey. + +Comment in + Acta Cytol. 2015;59(1):120. + +Comment on + Acta Cytol. 2014;58(4):319-29. + +DOI: 10.1159/000375285 +PMID: 25766130 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +473. Int J Surg Pathol. 2015 Jun;23(4):271-6. doi: 10.1177/1066896915572682. Epub 2015 +Feb 20. + +Significance of trophoblastic infiltration into the tubal wall in ampullary +pregnancy. + +Erol O(1), Suren D(2), Unal B(3), Ozel D(3), Kumru S(2), Sezer C(2). + +Author information: +(1)Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey +dronurerol@hotmail.com. +(2)Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey. +(3)Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. + +A total of 81 patients with an ampullary ectopic pregnancy undergoing +salpingectomy were enrolled in the study. The ampullary pregnancies were +classified according to the depth of trophoblastic infiltration into tubal wall +as follows: Stage I, limited to mucosa; Stage II, extension to the tubal +muscularis; Stage III, complete tubal wall infiltration up to the serosa. An +association was observed between serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) +levels and the depth of trophoblastic infiltration. Significantly higher severe +ischemic changes and rupture of tubal wall were observed in patients with stage +III infiltration compared with the other groups. A significant association was +found between the absolute depth of trophoblastic invasion and severe ischemic +changes, and also rupture of serosa. In conclusion, serum β-hCG levels are +associated with depth of trophoblastic invasion into the tubal wall, severe +ischemic changes, and rupture of the tubal wall. + +© The Author(s) 2015. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896915572682 +PMID: 25710937 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +474. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2015 Apr;19(2):81-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.01.001. +Epub 2015 Jan 9. + +Comparison of World Health Organization 2000/2004 and World Health Organization +2010 classifications for gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. + +Pasaoglu E(1), Dursun N(2), Ozyalvacli G(3), Hacihasanoglu E(4), Behzatoglu K(5), +Calay O(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: esrapasaoglu@yahoo.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: durnevra@gmail.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, +Turkey. Electronic address: gulzade78@yahoo.com. +(4)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: ezgihaci@yahoo.com. +(5)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: kbehzatoglu@hotmail.com. +(6)Department of Biostatistics and Medical İnformatics, Istanbul University +Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: +ozden.calay@ctf.edu.tr. + +Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) were divided into 4 groups +based on tumor diameter and stage in World Health Organization (WHO) 2000/2004 +classification as well-differentiated endocrine tumor benign (WDETB), +well-differentiated endocrine tumor with uncertain behavior (WDETUB), +well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma (WDEC), and poorly differentiated +endocrine carcinoma (PDEC). World Health Organization 2000/2004 was not widely +accepted because of stage-related classification and the category of "uncertain +behavior." The European NET Society proposed a grading classification and +site-specific staging system in 2010. Gastroenteropancreatic NETs were divided +into 3 groups as NET grade 1 (G1), NET grade 2 (G2), and neuroendocrine carcinoma +(NEC) grade 3 (G3) based on mitoses and the Ki-67 index. We evaluated 63 GEPNET +cases according to both classifications. We compared two classifications and the +tumor groups in terms of prognostic parameters (diameter, mitosis, Ki-67 index, +angioinvasion, perineural invasion, necrosis, and metastasis) and pathologic +stage. All 14 cases diagnosed as PDEC were included in the NEC G3 according to +WHO 2010. Seventeen cases were diagnosed as WDETB, 9 as WDETUB, and 23 as WDEC. +There was statistically significant difference between these groups in terms of +all prognostic parameters except for necrosis, mitosis, Ki-67 index, and grade. +All WDETB cases, 89% of WDETUBs, and 87% of WDECs were included in the NET G1. +There were 45 cases evaluated as NET G1 and 4 cases as NET G2 according to WHO +2010. Metastasis and perineural invasion were more common in NET G2, no +significant differences in other parameters. In conclusion, WHO 2010 is easier to +use, whereas WHO 2000/2004 shows higher correlation with prognosis. However, it +includes benign and uncertain behavior categories, although small tumors with low +proliferative activity can also cause metastases. All GEPNETs should be +considered potentially malignant. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2015.01.001 +PMID: 25702616 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +475. Pathol Res Pract. 2015 May;211(5):374-80. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.01.001. Epub +2015 Jan 30. + +Current practice in handling and reporting prostate needle biopsies: results of a +Turkish survey. + +Muezzinoglu B(1), Yorukoglu K(2). + +Author information: +(1)Kocaeli University Medical School, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli, Turkey. +Electronic address: m.bahar@isnet.net.tr. +(2)Dokuz Eylul University Medical School, Department of Pathology, İzmir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: In 2005 ISUP (International Society of Urological Pathology) +consensus revised the Gleason grading system. +METHOD: We conducted a web based national survey of the members of Uropathology +Working Group (WG) and general pathologists (NWP) to investigate the current +practice in reporting prostate needle biopsies. +RESULTS: The revised system was well known and applied by the respondents. In +pattern analysis major difference was detected in reporting medium sized, regular +cribriform glands. In both group this pattern was reported as Gleason Pattern +(GP) 3 by at least 50% of the repliers, the rest reported this pattern as GP 4. +Gleason Score (GS) 2-4 was not reported by the WG. In NWP GS 2-4 was reported by +25% either frequently of infrequently. Any amount of secondary higher grade was +included in GS by 92.5% of WG and 70% of NWP (p<0.05). Five percent cut off was +requested for the lower secondary grade by 71.4% of WG but 64% of NWP. (p<0.05) +Tertiary pattern was reported by 64.5% of WG and 34% of NWP (p<0.05). Individual +GS was assigned for each core by 46.4% of WG and 26.5% of NWP (p<0.05). When +measuring the extend of cancer, most included the benign tissue between cancer +foci in the same core. Fat invasion was interpreted as extraprostatic invasion by +85.7% of WG and 55.9%of NWP (p<0.05). +CONCLUSION: This study showed the specific points where the educational efforts +should be focused to have a better and standardized practice pattern of +pathologists when reporting prostate biopsies. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.01.001 +PMID: 25701362 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +476. Vet Pathol. 2015 Nov;52(6):1073-6. doi: 10.1177/0300985815570067. Epub 2015 Feb +12. + +West Nile Virus Infection in Horses: Detection by Immunohistochemistry, In Situ +Hybridization, and ELISA. + +Toplu N(1), Oğuzoğlu TÇ(2), Ural K(3), Albayrak H(4), Ozan E(5), Ertürk A(6), +Epikmen ET(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey +ntoplu@adu.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Virology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Internal Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. +(4)Department of Virology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. +(5)Veterinary Control Institute, Samsun, Turkey. +(6)Etlik Veterinary Control and Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. + +Comment in + Vet Pathol. 2016 Jul;53(4):863. + Vet Pathol. 2016 Jul;53(4):864. + +This study describes the clinicopathologic findings in naturally occurring West +Nile virus (WNV) infection in horses. WNV was diagnosed in a foal by +immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization methods, and the presence of WNV +antibodies was detected in 5 other horses with clinical signs suggestive of WNV +infection. At necropsy of the foal, lymph nodes were edematous and enlarged, and +the intestines showed diffuse congestion and focal hemorrhages. The most +significant histologic lesions in this case were nonsuppurative +meningoencephalomyelitis, particularly in the brainstem and spinal cord. +Identification of viral RNA by in situ hybridization and viral antigen by +immunohistochemistry was concentrated primarily in nerve fibers, glial cells, and +their processes in brainstem and spinal cord and, to a lesser extent, within the +cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum. + +© The Author(s) 2015. + +DOI: 10.1177/0300985815570067 +PMID: 25677341 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +477. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 Dec 1;7(12):8941-6. eCollection 2014. + +Utility of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose posıtron emıssıon tomography/computed ın +carcınoma of unknown primary. + +Elboga U(1), Kervancioğlu S(2), Sahin E(3), Basibuyuk M(1), Celen YZ(1), Aktolun +C(4). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gaziantep University Gaziantep, Turkey. +(2)Department of Radiology, Gaziantep University Gaziantep, Turkey. +(3)Department of Nuclear Medicine, Namik Kemal University Gaziantep, Turkey. +(4)Department of Radiology, Molecular Imagıng Program at Stanford (MIPS), Clark +Center, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA. + +Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) is a heterogeneous group of tumors with +various clinical features causing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The aim +of this study was to evaluate the ability of F-18 FDG PET/CT for localizing the +primary tumor, disclosing additional metastases, and changing the treatment in +patients with CUP. One hundred and twelve metastatic patients (female = 40, male += 72, median age = 60.5 years) in whom conventional diagnostic work-up failed to +disclose the primary tumor were included in the study. F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging +was performed in a standard protocol (patient supine, arms on patient's side, +vertex to thigh, 369.3 MBq (296-444 MBq) F-18 FDG, a 60-minute uptake period, 6-7 +bed position). Histopathology was taken as the only reference standard. F-18 FDG +PET/CT correctly detected primary tumor in 37 of 112 (33.03%) patients. The most +common site of primary tumor detected by F-18 FDG PET/CT was lung (n = 18), which +was followed by nasopharynx (n = 7), pancreas (n = 5), tonsil (n = 2), breast (n += 2), thyroid (n = 1), uterus (n = 1) and colon/rectum (n = 1). F-18 FDG PET/CT +imaging disclosed additional previously undetected metastases in 32 (28.5%) and +changed the treatment in 33 (29.4%) of 112 patients. There were false positive +F-18 FDG PET/CT results in 21 (18.5%) patients. F-18 FDG PET/CT is able to +disclose the primary tumor, disclose new metatases and change the treatment in +about one third of patients with CUP. + + +PMCID: PMC4314024 +PMID: 25674269 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +478. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 Dec 1;7(12):8356-65. eCollection 2014. + +Effects of prior treatment with simvastatin on skeletal muscle structure and +mitochondrial enzyme activities during early phases of sepsis. + +Ozkok E(1), Yorulmaz H(2), Ates G(3), Serdaroglu-Oflazer P(4), Tamer AS(3). + +Author information: +(1)Deparment of Neuroscience, The Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul +University Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)School of Nursing, Halic University Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Physiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Neurology/Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of +Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul, Turkey. + +We investigated the effects of the early phase of sepsis and prior treatment of +Simvastatin on muscle structure and mitochondrial enzymes treated with +lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. We divided rats into control, LPS, simvastatin, +simvastatin + LPS groups. Mitochondrial citrate synthase, complex I, II, I + III, +II + III, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activities were measured. Muscle tissue was +stained using modified Gomori trichrome (MGT), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and +cytochrome oxidase (COX). In all treated groups, complex I and citrate synthase +activities were higher than in the controls. In the control and LPS groups, COX +activity was increased when compared with simvastatins'. Complex II, II-III +activities were higher in the LPS group than in the control group. Complex I-III +activities were higher in the Simvastatin and Simvastatin + LPS groups than in +the control and LPS groups (P < 0.05). Myopathic changes with LPS group were +observed in MGT stained sections. Our findings showed improvements in the +alterations of enzyme activities and muscle myofibrils after treating rats with +LPS that had received a prior dose of simvastatin. + + +PMCID: PMC4314021 +PMID: 25674200 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +479. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Jan-Mar;58(1):122-3. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.151213. + +Calcifying fibrous tumor of the large intestine. + +Senol S(1), Ayşe BC, Zemheri E, Arslan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Education and +Research Hospital, Istanbul, 34710, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.151213 +PMID: 25673615 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +480. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Jan-Mar;58(1):96-8. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.151200. + +Bronchogenic cyst mimicking an adrenal mass in the retroperitoneal region: report +of a rare case. + +Bulut G(1), Bulut MD, Bahadır I, Kotan Ç. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, +Turkey. + +We report the surgical excision of a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst that +presented as a nonfunctioning left adrenal mass in a 25-year-old woman with +continuous pain in the left flank. Preoperative biochemical testing confirmed +that the mass was nonfunctional. Bronchogenic cysts are mostly benign congenital +abnormalities that originate from the remnants of the primitive foregut and +typically occur in the lung. Subdiaphragmatic and especially, retroperitoneal +locations are rare. Despite the rarity of this pathologic entity, bronchogenic +cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal +cystic lesions. Diagnosis must be definitively confirmed by histology. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.151200 +PMID: 25673605 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +481. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2015 Jan-Mar;58(1):7-11. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.151154. + +Warthin's tumor: an unknown pathogenesis: a neoplasm or a reactive hyperplasia? + +Rabia AB(1), Ebru LS, Tuba K, Didar G, Gulhan O, Cengiz O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mersin University Medical School, Mersin, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To examine the probable role of angiogenesis and +lymphangiogenesis in the pathogenesis of Warthin's tumor. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one patients with Warthin's tumor (n = 40), +branchial cysts (n = 6), thymic cysts (n = 3), or tonsillar lymphoepithelial +cysts (n = 12) were included. Forty Warthin's tumors were used as the lesion +group, and 21 lymphoepithelial cysts were used as a control group. 29 lymph nodes +around the Warthin's tumor, four of which showed salivary duct inclusions, were +also evaluated. Blood vessel density was defined as an indicator of angiogenesis +by examining CD31 and FVIII Ag expression, and lymphatic vascular density was +defined as an indicator of lymphangiogenesis by evaluating LYVE-1 and podoplanin +expression by immunohistochemical analysis. +STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data are expressed with descriptive statistics. +Comparative analysis was performed using Shapiro-Wilks, Mann-Whitney U, and +Kruskal-Wallis tests. A P < 0.005 was considered to indicate statistical +significance. Statistical analysis was performed using the MedCalc ® v.10.3.0 +software. +RESULTS: The lesion group had higher mean values of age (58 vs. 11 years, P = +0.001), smoking rate (92.3% vs. 19%, P < 0.001), stromal degeneration (100% vs. +42.9%, P < 0.001), lymph node involvement around the lesion (87.9% vs. 12.1%, P < +0.001), salivary duct inclusion (25% vs. 0%, P = 0.0001), than those of +lymphoepithelial cysts. Blood vessel density (51.92 ± 25.64 vs. 8 ± 5.35, +number/5 high power fields (HPF), P < 0.001) and lymphatic vascular density +(68.95 ± 21.32 vs. 21.10 ± 4.05 number/5 HPF, P < 0.001) were higher in Warthin's +tumors than lymphoepithelial cysts. Warthin's tumors, and lymph nodes with +inclusions had similar levels of blood and lymphatic vascular density, which was +higher than those of lymph nodes (P < 0.0001). +CONCLUSIONS: Warthin's tumor is a true neoplastic epithelial proliferation +associated with increased angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and induces reactive +lymph node hyperplasia. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.151154 +PMID: 25673583 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +482. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2015 Mar;67(3):279-85. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.01.005. Epub +2015 Feb 7. + +The effects of permethrin on rat ovarian tissue morphology. + +Kotil T(1), Yön ND(2). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Çapa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: tubakotil@msn.com. +(2)Sakarya University, Department of Biology, Serdivan, Sakarya, Turkey. +Electronic address: nkoc@sakarya.edu.tr. + +All organisms are exposed to chemical agents during their lifetime. One of these +agents is a pesticide that is used as fly killer. In this study we investigated +the effects of permethrin on rat ovaries using light and electron microscopy. We +used 24 Wistar albino female rats and divided them into 3 groups. Dosages 20 and +40 mg/kg/day permethrin were administered by gavage for 14 days. Normal saline +was given to control rats. After treatment, ovarian tissues were collected and +prepared for light and electron microscopy evaluation. Negative effects of +permethrin were detected on follicular and corpus luteum cell morphology in a +dose dependent manner when compared with the control group. Picnotic cellular +appearance and condensed chromatin were detected as evidence of apoptotic cell +death. Furthermore, degenerative changes were seen in the ultrastructure of +mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, these findings suggested that +permethrin caused degenerative effects on ovarian morphology in a dose dependent +manner. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.01.005 +PMID: 25665982 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +483. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015 Jun;34(3):162-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.999393. +Epub 2015 Jan 23. + +Can neonatal hepatitis be more fatal than biliary atresia? + +Diniz G(1), Tosun Yildirim H, Calkavur S, Ecevit C, Olukman O, Bekem Soylu O, +Aktas S. + +Author information: +(1)1Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research Hospital , Izmir , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND/AIMS: The basic problem in diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis (NC) is +to differentiate biliary atresia (BA) from other non-obstructive disorders. +Because if bile flow cannot be provided by surgery, BA leads to cirrhosis and +death within the first year of life. The aim of the present study is to determine +histopathological features that may help to differentiate BA from neonatal +hepatitis (NH). +MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out on 105 liver +biopsy specimens of 74 infants with NC who were diagnosed between 2003 and 2012. +RESULTS: The mean age was 76.5 ± 40.64 days. The most valuable biopsy findings +for the discrimination between NH and BA, in decreasing order of importance, were +ductular proliferation (p < 0.001), cholestasis in neoductuli (p < 0.001), +fibrosis (p = 0.002), and extramedullar hematopoiesis (p = 0.02). While Kasai +operations were performed in 19 cases, liver transplantation was performed in 10 +cases. Survival rate among the death cases with BA was longer than the survival +time of the death cases with NH (p = 0.023). Currently more children live with a +close to normal quality of life with portoenterostomy and/or liver +transplantation. On the contrary, NH can be more fatal with associated disorders +such as growth retardation, specific infections, respiratory distress, and +metabolic or endocrine diseases. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.999393 +PMID: 25616020 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +484. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2015 Jul;32(3):195-201. doi: 10.1007/s10014-015-0212-x. Epub +2015 Jan 17. + +High thioredoxin reductase 1 expression in meningiomas undergoing malignant +progression. + +Esen H(1), Feyzioglu B, Erdi F, Keskin F, Kaya B, Demir LS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan +University, Akyokus/Meram, 42080, Konya, Turkey, drhasanesen@gmail.com. + +Thioredoxin (Trx) is a redox active protein that regulates several physiological +and biochemical functions, such as growth, apoptosis and cellular defense. The +function of Trx itself is regulated by thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). This study +was designed to determine the expression of TrxR1 in meningioma tissues of +different World Health Organization grades (grade I-III). Meningioma tissues were +extracted from the histopathological specimens of 29 patients. These samples +included seven histologically normal meningeal tissues that served as a control +group and 12 grade I, 12 grade II and 5 grade III meningioma samples. TrxR1 +expression was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase +chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunostaining. The proliferative and apoptotic +indices of the specimens were investigated by Ki-67 immunostaining and TUNEL +assay, respectively. TrxR1 expression, as assessed by qRT-PCR, increased +significantly with meningioma grade (p < 0.001). The immunostaining intensity of +TrxR1 increased significantly with meningioma grade (p < 0.001). Ki-67 index +values increased significantly in accordance with grade progression (p < 0.001). +The apoptotic index values were not significantly different in any group (p > +0.05). Trx system seems to be involved in the malignant progression of +meningiomas. Further, large studies are required to elucidate the exact role of +this system. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10014-015-0212-x +PMID: 25592259 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +485. Tissue Antigens. 2015 Feb;85(2):104-7. doi: 10.1111/tan.12495. Epub 2015 Jan 13. + +Complement C5a receptor gene 450 C/T polymorphism in renal transplant recipients: +association of the CT genotype with graft outcome. + +Günesacar R(1), Opelz G, Erken E, Döhler B, Ruhenstroth A, Süsal C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Kahramanmaras Sütcü Imam, Kahramanmaras, Turkey; Department of Transplantation +Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, +Germany. + +Complement-mediated humoral rejection has become the main focus of research in +organ transplantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible +association of the complement C5aR gene 450 C/T polymorphism in antibody-mediated +renal allograft rejection. This polymorphism was investigated in 290 first +deceased donor kidney graft recipients with well functioning grafts and no +rejection treatment during the first transplant year (WFG), 265 recipients with +graft failure within the first transplant year (F), and 187 healthy controls. +Frequency of the 450 CT genotype was lower in the total population of 555 kidney +recipients (4.7%) than in 187 healthy controls (8.6%), but the difference was not +statistically significant (P = 0.065). A significantly higher frequency of CT +genotype was found in F patients (CT: 6.8%) when compared to WFG patients (CT: +2.8%, P = 0.027). The CT genotype was also significantly lower in WFG patients +than in healthy controls (P = 0.009). Low frequency of the C5aR 450 CT genotype, +which apparently is a feature of certain kidney diseases, appears to be +associated with good graft outcome in kidney transplantation and might be helpful +for identifying recipients who are at low risk for graft rejection. + +© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/tan.12495 +PMID: 25582053 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +486. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2015 Mar;67(3):237-43. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.12.003. Epub +2015 Jan 5. + +Histopathologic changes in liver and kidney tissues induced by carbaryl in +Bufotes variabilis (Anura: Bufonidae). + +Çakıcı Ö(1). + +Author information: +(1)Ege University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section, Bornova, +İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: ozlem.cakici@ege.edu.tr. + +The purpose of this work was to investigate for the first time histopathologic +effects of carbaryl in liver and kidney tissues of Bufotes variabilis. After 96h +following exposure to carbaryl (low dose: 0.05, medium dose: 0.1 and high dose: +0.2mg/g), the toads were euthanized and dissected. In liver tissue, vacuolization +in hepatocytes, necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, an increase in +melanomacrophage number, enlargement of sinusoids, hemorrhage and congestion were +determined in exposed toads. In kidney tissue, mononuclear cell infiltration, +hypertrophied Bowman's capsule cells, deformation, vacuolization, karyolysis and +necrosis of renal tubule epithelium, brush border destruction, glomerular +shrinkage, hemorrhage and fibrosis were observed in carbaryl-treated groups. +According to this investigation, carbaryl caused histopathologic damages in liver +and kidney tissues of B. variabilis. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.12.003 +PMID: 25573057 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +487. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Jul;21(3):803-10. doi: 10.1007/s12253-014-9893-4. Epub +2015 Jan 7. + +Lymphadenectomy should be performed up to the renal vein in patients with +intermediate-high risk endometrial cancer. + +Alay I(1), Turan T, Ureyen I, Karalok A, Tasci T, Ozfuttu A, Kose MF, Tulunay G. + +Author information: +(1)Gynecologic Oncology Department, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Teaching +and Research Hospital, Etlik Street, 06010, Kecioren, Ankara, Turkey. + +We aimed to evaluate para-aortic metastases relative to the level of inferior +mesenteric artery (IMA) and to discuss the clinico-pathological features of these +patients. A total of 204 patients who underwent systematic pelvic and para-aortic +lymphadenectomy up to the level of renal veins for endometrial cancer between +January 2007 and August 2013 were included in this study. Of these 204 patients, +44 (21.6 %) had lymph node involvement. From a total of 27 patients with +paraaortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis, 11 had only supramesenteric and 4 had +only inframesenteric nodal involvement, while 12 had both supramesenteric and +inframesenteric metastases. Supramesenteric lymph node metastases were detected +in 85.2 % of patients who have para-aortic metastases and in 11.3 % of all +patients. Additionally, 5 patients had only supramesenteric lymphatic metastasis. +The surgico-pathological characteristics of patients with isolated +supramesenteric and inframesenteric metastasis were similar. However, the +patients with lymphatic spread in both regions were found to have pelvic +lymphatic metastasis and cervical invasion more commonly compared to patients +with only supramesenteric or only inframesenteric metastasis. The site of +metastatic lymph nodes wasn't associated with the likelihood and site of +recurrence. Lymphadenectomy should be performed up to the level of renal vein in +case of the presence of indication for lymphadenectomy in patients with +endometrial cancer. Additionally, it is not possible to predict the patients with +supramesenteric lymph node involvement by tumor grade, histological type and +myometrial invasion. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9893-4 +PMID: 25564000 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +488. APMIS. 2015 Mar;123(3):199-204. doi: 10.1111/apm.12342. Epub 2014 Dec 31. + +Correlation between SPARC (Osteonectin) expression with immunophenotypical and +invasion characteristics of pituitary adenomas. + +Onoz M(1), Basaran R, Gucluer B, Isik N, Kaner T, Sav A, Elmaci I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Medipol University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Pituitary adenomas are the third most common intracranial tumors. Invasive +adenomas account for only 0.1-0.2% of pituitary tumors. SPARC is a matrix +glycoprotein that plays a role in progression and invasiveness of neoplasms. In +this study, we examined the potential role of SPARC in invasive pituitary +adenomas. Forty pituitary adenomas have been examined with histopathological and +immunohistochemical techniques. The cohort has been classified into two groups as +invasive (n = 25) and non-invasive (n = 15) utilizing the Hardy classification. +Formalin fixed tissues have been stained with hematoxylin eosin. Ki-67, p53, and +SPARC monoclonal antibodies have been used. We did not detect any significant +difference on Ki-67, SPARC, and p53 expression patterns correlating with the +pathological subtype or invasiveness. Only 24% of invasive adenomas had Ki-67 +levels over 1%. A total of 67.7% non-invasive adenomas had Ki-67 levels below 1%. +We did not detect any relation between SPARC levels and invasiveness of pituitary +adenomas. Absence of significant SPARC expression in tumor progression, sellar +dilatation, erosion and destruction suggest that SPARC scores are not related +with invasiveness or progressiveness of pituitary adenomas. + +© 2014 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12342 +PMID: 25556322 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +489. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2015 Mar;67(3):229-35. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.12.002. Epub +2014 Dec 29. + +Effects of resveratrol on doxorubicin induced testicular damage in rats. + +Türedi S(1), Yuluğ E(2), Alver A(3), Kutlu Ö(4), Kahraman C(5). + +Author information: +(1)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology +and Embryology, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: +sibelturedi3361@hotmail.com. +(2)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology +and Embryology, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: esinyulug@gmail.com. +(3)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical +Biochemistry, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: alver61@yahoo.com. +(4)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, +61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: omerkutlu@ktu.edu.tr. +(5)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical +Biochemistry, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey. Electronic address: cemilce75@mynet.com. + +The purpose of this study was to evaluate the likely protective effect of +resveratrol (RES) on doxorubicin (DOX) induced testicular damage. Rats were +divided into five groups: control, RES, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), DOX and +DOX+RES. At the end of treatment, the rats were sacrificed. Plasma testosterone +levels, oxidative status, epididymal sperm parameters and testicular apoptosis +were evaluated. MDA levels, GP-x and GSH activities were higher in the DOX group +than in the control group. MDA levels were lower in the DOX+RES group than in the +DOX group. The DOX group exhibited a significant decrease in plasma testosterone +levels, sperm concentration and motility, and a significant increase in abnormal +sperm rate and TUNEL (+) cells in the testis. A significant increase was observed +in plasma testosterone levels and sperm concentration and motility, and a +significant decrease in the abnormal sperm rate and TUNEL (+) cells in the +DOX+RES group compared to the DOX group. A marked improvement in severe +degenerative alterations in the germinative epithelium was also observed +following treatment with RES. In conclusion, RES makes a positive contribution to +fertility by exhibiting anti-apoptotic and antiperoxidative effects against +DOX-induced testicular damage. + +Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.12.002 +PMID: 25553596 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +490. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 Oct 15;7(11):7814-23. eCollection 2014. + +Inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinase decreases arachidonic acid mediated +inflammation in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. + +Aslan M(1), Özcan F(1), Tuzcu H(1), Kıraç E(1), Elpek GO(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biochemistry, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine +Antalya 07070, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Antalya 07070, +Turkey. + +This study aimed to determine the role of selective neutral sphingomyelinase +(N-SMase) inhibition on arachidonic acid (AA) mediated inflammation following +liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Selective N-SMase inhibitor was +administered via intraperitoneal injections. Liver IR injury was created by +clamping blood vessels supplying the median and left lateral hepatic lobes for 60 +min, followed by 60 min reperfusion. Levels of AA in liver tissue were determined +by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using ultra fast-liquid chromatography +(UFLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂), +cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) were measured in liver tissue. +Arachidonic acid levels, activity of PLA₂, COX and PGE₂ levels were significantly +increased in postischemic liver tissue compared to nonischemic controls. N-SMase +inhibition significantly decreased COX activity and PGE₂ levels in postischemic +liver. Future studies evaluating agents blocking N-SMase activity can facilitate +the development of treatment strategies to alleviate inflammation in liver I/R +injury. + + +PMCID: PMC4270595 +PMID: 25550821 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +491. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015 Apr;34(2):133-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.987935. +Epub 2014 Dec 16. + +A rare cause of protein losing enteropathy: collagenous sprue. + +Karakuş E(1), Ekinci Ö, Kırsaçlıoğlu CT, Özaydın E, Atakan C, Dursun A. + +Author information: +(1)1Department of Pathology, Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Research +and Training Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. + +Collagenous sprue is a clinicopathological entity with an unknown etiology. Its +clinical features include progressive malabsorption, diarrhea, weight loss, +unresponsiveness to treatment, and high mortality rates. The age interval of +collagenous sprue is quite broad and ranges between 2 and 85 years. As far as to +our knowledge, the presented case is the first reported case in infancy. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.987935 +PMID: 25514205 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +492. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Apr;43(4):307-14. doi: 10.1002/dc.23239. Epub 2014 Dec 8. + +The use of urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) as a diagnostic adjunct to +urine cytology for monitoring of recurrent bladder cancer--institutional +experience and review. + +Önal B(1), Han Ü, Yilmaz S, Köybasioglu F, Altuğ U. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology and Cytology, MoH, Ankara Diskapi Teaching and +Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: This prospective study compares urine NMP22 immunoassay and +cytomorphology for detecting recurrent urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder +and correlates between NMP22 levels and grade, multiplicity, and size of the +tumor. We aimed refining the use of NMP22 test in the management of UC at our +institution. +METHODS: Urine specimens, collected prior to a cystoscopic biopsy either from +patients with a history of bladder cancer (n = 50) or from controls (n = 15) were +studied. Cytology and NMP22 results were compared with subsequent biopsies and +performance characteristics were measured. +RESULTS: Overall sensitivity and specificity of cytology was 62.5% and 87.5%, +respectively while NMP22 had a sensitivity of 85.4% and specificity of 76.5%. +NMP22 was superior to cytology for detecting low-grade UC (82.6% vs. 54.5%) and +in terms of NPV (65% vs. 44.4%) while cytology reached 100% detection rate for +high-grade UC. And, the sensitivity of 98% was achieved when NMP22 was combined +with atypical cytology. Optimal performance of NMP22 has been detected around the +reference value of 6.4 U/ml. The mean NMP22 values in control and study groups +were 2.5 U/ml and 36 U/ml, respectively. The mean NMP22 value was 20.9 U/ml in +low-grade UC and 53.2 U/ml in high-grade category. +CONCLUSIONS: The NMP22 values displayed higher sensitivity for low-grade UC while +cytology was highly sensitive and spesific in detection of high-grade UC. +Combining urine NMP22 assay with atypical cytology improved sensitivity for +detection of recurrent UC. The inclusion of the adjunctive NMP22 test in +monitoring protocols for low-grade UC in combination with cytology for high-grade +UC could enable clinicians to decrease the frequency of follow-up cystoscopies. + +© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23239 +PMID: 25488052 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +493. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:161954. doi: 10.1155/2014/161954. Epub 2014 Nov 13. + +Preoperative serum levels of mesothelin in patients with colon cancer. + +Bostancı O(1), Kemik O(2), Kemik A(3), Battal M(1), Demir U(1), Purisa S(4), +Yavuz A(5), Mihmanlı M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty, Van, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, +Istanbul, Turkey. +(4)Department of Biostatistics, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(5)Department of Radiology, Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty, Van, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Screening for biochemical markers is important for diagnosing colon +cancer. In this study, the reliability of serum mesothelin levels as a potential +diagnostic and screening instrument was evaluated concerning colon cancer. +METHODS: Ninety-five patients who had undergone colonoscopic examination and who +were diagnosed with colon cancer were included in the study. The serum mesothelin +levels were measured with the ELISA kits and were evaluated in terms of +significant difference when compared between colon cancer and control group. +RESULTS: Patients with colon cancer had significantly higher mesothelin serum +levels (P < 0.001) than the control groups. We found significant associations +between serum levels and tumor grade, perineural invasion, and vascular invasion +(resp., P < 0.001). +CONCLUSION: Evaluating the serum levels of mesothelin has a potential to detect +and screen the colon cancer in affected patients. Our data suggest that +mesothelin exhibits effects towards colon cancer and serves as a biomarker for +this deadly disease. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/161954 +PMCID: PMC4247962 +PMID: 25477701 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +494. Pathol Res Pract. 2015 May;211(5):356-60. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.11.007. Epub +2014 Nov 15. + +The relationship of melanocytic differentiation with prognostic markers in +medullary thyroid carcinomas. + +Karaarslan S(1), Nur Yurum F(2), Ebru Pala E(3), Ortac R(4), Husnu Bugdayci M(5). + +Author information: +(1)Sifa University Pathology Department, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: +serapkaraarslan@gmail.com. +(2)Private Ege Pathology Laboratory, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: +nuryurum@hotmail.com. +(3)Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Pathology Department, Yenişehir, +Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: emelozkok@yahoo.com. +(4)Private Mikro Pathology Laboratory, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: +rortac@gmail.com. +(5)Sifa University Pathology Department, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: +husnubugdayci@hotmail.com. + +INTRODUCTION: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) makes up 5-10% of thyroid +malignancies. Small cell, squamous, giant cell or melanocytic differentiation can +rarely be seen in MTCs. It is important to determine those with the potential to +act aggressively such as cases with melanocytic differentiation at the time of +diagnosis. +MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 46 MTC cases diagnosed at four different centers +between 2002 and 2013 were included in the study. Immunohistochemical (IHC) +staining with Melan-A and HMB-45 was performed in all cases. +RESULTS: Six of the 46 MTC cases were medullary microcarcinomas and three were +multicentric medullary carcinomas. There were 34 females and 12 males with a mean +age at onset of 51.4 years and mean tumor diameter of 23.2mm. Lymph node +metastasis (LNM) was found in 13 of the 38 cases that had data regarding the +lymph nodes. Immunohistochemically, Melan A staining was seen in four cases. +HMB45 staining was seen in four cases. A statistically significant relationship +was found between LNM and diameter, Melan A expression (p=0.02, p=0.03 +respectively) but there was no significant relationship with HMB45 expression +(p=0.07). General survival data were present for 35 of the 46 cases. All cases +without lymph node metastasis survived (21/21) while 8 of 11 cases with lymph +node metastasis survived among cases with survival data; one case that was +diffuse-strong positive for both HMB45 and Melan A was lost due to distant organ +metastasis six months after the diagnosis. +DISCUSSION: Should the possibility of melanocytic differentiation be evaluated in +cases where melanocytic differentiation is not reflected in the morphology (lack +of pigment) in MTCs? We did not come across a study on the subject in the English +literature. The effect of melanocytic differentiation on the prognosis in MTCs +should be investigated in larger series. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.11.007 +PMID: 25475146 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +495. Pathol Res Pract. 2015 Jan;211(1):50-4. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.08.012. Epub 2014 +Nov 4. + +Calretinin immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of Hirschprung disease in +rectal biopsies. + +Cinel L(1), Ceyran B(2), Güçlüer B(2). + +Author information: +(1)Marmara University, School of Medicine, Pathology Department, Turkey. +Electronic address: leycinel@hotmail.com. +(2)Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training Hospital, Turkey. + +In this study we aimed to evaluate the usability of calretinin staining in the +diagnosis and exclusion of HD in 36 rectal biopsies. Through immunohistochemical +examination, in of a total of 21 pediatric patients in whom ganglion cells were +detected in first rectal biopsies and in re-biopsies, ganglion cells were seen +through nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. In the lamina propria and superficial +submucosa, staining of nerve fibers was detected in a granular pattern in varying +intensities. Out of a total of 5 biopsies (including one re-biopsy) of non-HD +patients, where ganglion cells could not be seen, the nerve fibers were all +stained. On the other hand, in 10 HD patients, diagnosed by a colon pull through +operation, calretinin staining was not detected in any area of the rectal +biopsies except for the mast cells. We conclude that calretinin immunostaining +for the diagnosis of HD is an easy and reliable method for use in daily practice. + +Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier GmbH. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.08.012 +PMID: 25442014 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +496. Med Mol Morphol. 2015 Sep;48(3):164-8. doi: 10.1007/s00795-014-0092-x. Epub 2014 +Nov 23. + +ATF-2 immunoreactivity in post-mitotic and terminally differentiated human +odontoblasts. + +Keklikoglu N(1), Akinci S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of +Dentistry, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. nkeklik@istanbul.edu.tr. +(2)Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of +Dentistry, Istanbul University, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2/CRE-BP1; cAMP-responsive element binding +protein 1) is a member of nuclear transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) +family. AP-1 regulates cellular processes including growth, proliferation, +differentiation and apoptosis. However, biological relationship of cellular +process to each member of the AP-1 family is not clear yet. The objective of the +present study was to compare the ATF-2 immunoreactivity in the post-mitotic and +terminally differentiated odontoblasts and in the pulpal fibroblasts which can be +divided by mitosis when required. Fibroblasts at various stages of +differentiation co-exist in the human dental pulp. ATF-2 was investigated +immunohistochemically in 20 permanent human teeth. According to the findings +obtained, the mean percentage of ATF-2 positive cells was 68.5 ± 19.2% in the +odontoblasts and 22.8 ± 13.7% in the pulpal fibroblasts. The comparison of ATF-2 +positivity revealed a statistically significant difference between odontoblasts +and pulpal fibroblasts. These findings have suggested that ATF-2 is more +associated with cell survival rather than cell proliferation, and revealed much +of effectiveness in maintaining terminal differentiation than the various +differentiation stages of the cells. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00795-014-0092-x +PMID: 25417007 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +497. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Jul;21(3):831-8. doi: 10.1007/s12253-014-9847-x. Epub 2014 +Nov 23. + +Prognostıc value of increased HER2 expression in cancers of pancreas and biliary +tree. + +Ata A(1), Polat A, Serinsöz E, Sungur MA, Arican A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Mersin State Hospital, Mersin, Turkey, +dralperata@yahoo.com. + +Increased HER2 expression has a prognostic, and predictive value in many solid +cancer types, predominantly in breast cancer. However the effects of HER2 on +survival from cancers of pancreas, gall bladder, cholangiocellular, and ampullary +region are not known. In this study, the effects of increased HER2 expression on +these types of cancer have been analyzed. Immunohistochemical HER2 staining was +performed in 31 (44.9 %) female, and 38 (55.1 %) male patients with a mean age of +65 ± 10 years, and various parameters, mostly survival rates of patients with +pancreas (n = 30; 43.5 %), gall bladder (n = 17; 24.6 %), cholangiocellular +(n = 12; 17.4 %), and ampullary region (n = 10; 14.5 %) carcinomas were +evaluated. Strong (3 +) membranous staining for HER2 was observed in 2 patients +with gall bladder cancers (11.76 % of all gall bladder cancers). In 2.90 % of all +cases strong membranous staining (2+ or 3+) was observed. Weak (1+) membranous +staining was noted in one (3.33 %) pancreatic, and one cholangiocellular (8.33 %) +cancer patient, and in none of the ampullary region patient membranous staining +for HER2 was observed. Since only scarce number of patients demonstrated +membranous staining for HER2, survival analysis was not performed on these +patients. Based on cytoplasmic HER2 staining scores, the patients were divided +into weakly (0-3 pts; n = 17 patients; 24.66 %), moderate (4-5 pts; n = 22; 31.88 +%), and strongly (6-7 pts; n = 30; 43.46 %) stained groups. Patients whose +specimens demonstrated borderline statistical significant (p = 0.052) low +staining for HER2 had higher survival rates when compared with other cases. +Increased HER2 expression has no prognostic, and predictive value in cancers of +pancreas, biliary tract, and ampulla vateri. If HER2 will be evaluated in these +types of cancer, membranous, as well as cytoplasmic staining properties should be +taken into account. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9847-x +PMID: 25416598 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +498. Mod Pathol. 2015 May;28(5):686-94. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.156. Epub 2014 Nov +21. + +Calculation of the Ki67 index in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a comparative +analysis of four counting methodologies. + +Reid MD(1), Bagci P(2), Ohike N(3), Saka B(4), Erbarut Seven I(2), Dursun N(5), +Balci S(6), Gucer H(7), Jang KT(8), Tajiri T(9), Basturk O(10), Kong SY(11), +Goodman M(11), Akkas G(1), Adsay V(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, +USA. +(2)Department of Pathology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. +(4)Department of Pathology, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(5)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Training Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Department of Pathology, RTE University, Rize, Turkey. +(8)Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. +(9)Department of Pathology, Tokai University Hachiouji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. +(10)Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, +NY, USA. +(11)Department of Pathology, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, +Atlanta, GA, USA. + +Erratum in + Mod Pathol. 2016 Jan;29(1):93. + +Ki67 index is now an essential part of classification of pancreatic +neuroendocrine tumors. However, its adaptation into daily practice has been +fraught with challenges related to counting methodology. In this study, three +reviewers used four counting methodologies to calculate Ki67 index in 68 +well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: (1) 'eye-ball' estimation, +which has been advocated as reliable and is widely used; (2) automated counting +by image analyzer; (3) manual eye-counting (eye under a microscope without a +grid); and (4) manual count of camera-captured/printed image. Pearson's +correlation (R) was used to measure pair-wise correlation among three reviewers +using all four methodologies. Average level of agreement was calculated using +mean of R values. The results showed that: (1) 'eye-balling' was least expensive +and fastest (average time <1 min) but had poor reliability and reproducibility. +(2) Automated count was the most expensive and least practical with major impact +on turnaround time (limited by machine and personnel accessibility), and, more +importantly, had inaccuracies in overcounting unwanted material. (3) Manual eye +count had no additional cost, averaged 6 min, but proved impractical and poorly +reproducible. (4) Camera-captured/printed image was most reliable, had highest +reproducibility, but took longer than 'eye-balling'. In conclusion, based on its +comparatively low cost/benefit ratio and reproducibility, camera-captured/printed +image appears to be the most practical for calculating Ki67 index. Although +automated counting is generally advertised as the gold standard for index +calculation, in this study it was not as accurate or cost-effective as +camera-captured/printed image and was highly operator-dependent. 'Eye-balling' +produces highly inaccurate and unreliable results, and is not recommended for +routine use. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.156 +PMCID: PMC4460192 +PMID: 25412850 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +499. Int J Surg Pathol. 2015 Feb;23(1):5-12. doi: 10.1177/1066896914554832. Epub 2014 +Nov 11. + +Significance of IMP3, nucleophosmin, and Ki-67 expression in papillary thyroid +carcinoma. + +Yorukoglu A(1), Yalcin N(2), Avci A(3), Cakalagaoglu F(3), Yaylali G(1), Akin +F(1), Haciyanli M(3), Ozden A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey. +(2)Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey nagihancol@yahoo.com. +(3)Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey. + +The purpose of our study was to investigate the diagnostic value of expression of +IMP3, nucleophosmin, and correlation of these markers with Ki-67 proliferation +index in papillary thyroid carcinoma and benign neoplasms of thyroid gland. The +aim was also to investigate whether there is a difference between papillary and +micropapillary carcinomas with regard to clinicopathologic parameters beside +IMP3, nucleophosmin, and Ki-67 proliferation index. It was concluded that IMP3 +and nucleophosmin cannot be a routine diagnostic marker for discrimination of +papillary carcinomas and benign lesions. IMP3 positive staining was quite scarce +in IMP3 positive papillary carcinomas although specifity of IMP3 is 100%. A +statistically significant correlation was not detected between nucleophosmin, +IMP-3, and Ki-67 proliferation index. A statistically significant correlation was +found between tumor size, lymphovascular embolism, and Ki-67 proliferation index. +There was also significant correlation between tumor size and lymphovascular +embolism. + +© The Author(s) 2014. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896914554832 +PMID: 25389240 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +500. J Cutan Pathol. 2015 Jan;42(1):22-31. doi: 10.1111/cup.12423. Epub 2014 Dec 8. + +The clinical features and histopathologic patterns of folliculotropic mycosis +fungoides in a series of 38 cases. + +Demirkesen C(1), Esirgen G, Engin B, Songur A, Oğuz O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The recognition of folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF) may pose +diagnostic challenges, owing to the variety of histopathological findings. +OBJECTIVE: In this study, our aim is to describe the broad spectrum of the +histopathological patterns in a total of 86 biopsies from 38 patients with FMF, +together with the clinical features. +RESULTS: The most frequent histopathologic pattern was the +folliculocentric/folliculotropic pattern, with or without follicular mucinosis. +Keratin-filled cysts and comedones were the second most common pattern in the +biopsies. Other less common findings included widening of the hair follicle +orifis with keratotic plugging, reminiscent of keratosis pilaris, granuloma +formation, eosinophilic or suppurative folliculitis and basaloid +folliculolymphoid hyperplasia. Coexisting syringotropism was present in some +biopsies. The CD4 : CD8 ratio was at least 4 : 1 or more in most biopsies. +Grouped follicular papules and patch/plaque lesions with follicular prominence +were the most frequent clinical findings. Folliculocentric lesions such as milia, +cysts and acneiform lesions, alopecia, loss of hair or eyebrows were also seen. +In 6 out of 38 (15.8%) patients, transformation to large-cell lymphoma was +observed during the follow-up. +CONCLUSION: The awareness and the identification of the various histopathological +presentations of FMF by pathologists, as well as by clinicians, are imperative to +prevent diagnostic errors. + +© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cup.12423 +PMID: 25376535 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +501. Tissue Antigens. 2014 Dec;84(6):580-1. doi: 10.1111/tan.12461. Epub 2014 Oct 27. + +Identification of a novel HLA-A*26 allele, HLA-A*26:01:36, in a Turkish family by +sequence-based typing. + +Sari G(1), Yazar M, Tozkir H, Duymaz J, Gürkan H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey; Department +of Genetics and Bioengineering, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +HLA-A*26:01:36 differs from the closest allele HLA-A*26:01:01 by a nucleotide +change at the position 114. + +© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/tan.12461 +PMID: 25345345 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +502. Int J Surg Pathol. 2015 Feb;23(1):68-70. doi: 10.1177/1066896914554833. Epub 2014 +Oct 16. + +A rare complication of gastric bypass (weight loss) surgery: nesidioblastosis. + +Ünal B(1), Uzun ÖC(2), Başsorgun Cİ(2), Erdoğan O(2), Elpek GÖ(2). + +Author information: +(1)Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey betulunalmd@gmail.com. +(2)Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. + +Here, we present the case of a 31-year-old woman patient who underwent distal +pancreatectomy with the history of gastric bypass surgery for obesity. The final +histopathological diagnosis of the lesion was nesidioblastosis. Nesidioblastosis +is the most common cause of organic persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in +newborns; however, it is rare in adults. In adults, it is difficult to diagnose +nesidioblastosis with only clinical findings. The definitive diagnosis of the +disease depends on the histopathological examination of pancreatic tissue and the +exclusion of insulinoma. + +© The Author(s) 2014. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896914554833 +PMID: 25326474 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +503. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014 Dec;35(4):271-4. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000118. + +Accidental deaths by hanging among children in Istanbul, Turkey: retrospective +analysis of medicolegal autopsies in 33 years. + +Kumral B(1), Ozdes T, Avsar A, Buyuk Y. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Department of Forensic Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Faculty of +Medicine, Tekirdag; †Department of Forensic Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal +University, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu; ‡Department of Forensic Medicine, +Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramamaras; §The +Ministry of Justice, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Hanging is a type of strangulation by means of rope or any other similar +material. This kind of ligature strangulation occurs by weight of the body +dragging due to gravity and applying force to the neck. Hanging almost never +occurs by accident, but occurs mostly as a way to commit suicide.A total number +of 82,871 autopsies were performed in the Council of Forensic Medicine of the +Republic of Turkey Ministry of Justice (Istanbul) between 1979 and 2012, and 4500 +(5.43%) of these deaths occurred as a result of hanging. Thirteen of these +reported cases have been observed and resulted in death occurring by accident. +Seven of these victims were males, and 6 of them were females. Examination of +their ages revealed that 3 of these victims were aged 1 year, and 3 victims were +aged 6 years. The oldest victim was aged 13 years, and the youngest one was aged +1 year. It has been recorded that 8 of the deaths occurred with rope, 2 with +sweater, 2 with scarf, 1 with belt, and 1 with tights. Investigation of the +incidents revealed that 3 of the cases occurred by tangling in a rope swing and 2 +with a head scarf. Ligature marks on the neck from aforementioned materials and +ecchymosis on soft tissue were observed on all of the victims, and the thyroid +cartilages and cervical vertebrae were intact. No substance was found in the +toxicological analysis performed on all victims.In conclusion, our study showed +that although accidental death by hanging took place rarely in these ages, all of +the victims were between the ages of 1 and 13 years who recently started walking +and entering their teenage years. It is important not to leave the children at +home or in the playgrounds alone for a long time (unsupervised at home or in the +playgrounds). Precautionary measures must be taken against danger, and the design +of materials manufactured for this age group must be reconsidered. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000118 +PMID: 25310372 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +504. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2014 Oct-Dec;57(4):653-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.142721. + +Multifocal early gastric adenocarcinomas with gastric lipomatosis: an unusual +coexistence. + +Ugras N(1), Kabul S, Yerci Ö, Oztürk E. + +Author information: +(1)Department Surgical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.142721 +PMID: 25308037 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +505. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2014 Oct-Dec;57(4):598-602. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.142684. + +Mixed medullary-papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: report of two cases and +review of the literature. + +Gurkan E(1), Gurbuz Y, Tarkun I, Canturk Z, Cetinarslan B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli +University, Kocaeli, Turkey. + +Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are two +distinct types of thyroid carcinoma with considerable difference in terms of +cellular origin, histopathological appearance, clinical course and prevalence. +The histogenetic origin and possible molecular mechanisms responsible for the +development of mixed medullary-papillary carcinoma of the thyroid are still +unclear. The most widely accepted hypotheses considering co-occurrence of MTC and +PTC are stem cell theory, collision effect theory and hostage theory. Herein we +describe two rare cases of mixed medullary-papillary thyroid carcinoma with +co-occurrence of MTC and PTC which developed with concomitant MEN 2A and +different sites of lymph node metastasis in the first patient, while with +atypical clinical presentation in the second patient. In conclusion, +co-expression of thyroglobulin, synaptophysin and chromogranin by the papillary +component of mixed tumor seems to support stem cell theory in our first case, +whereas positive staining for calcitonin but not for thyroglobulin in the +medullary component of the tumor along with separation of these two tumors from +each other by a normal thyroid tissue seem to indicates the likelihood of +collision effect theory in our second case. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.142684 +PMID: 25308015 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +506. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2014 Oct-Dec;57(4):549-52. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.142658. + +Immunohistochemical expression of Insulin-like growth factor-1, Transforming +growth factor-beta1, and Vascular endothelial growth factor in parathyroid +adenoma and hyperplasia. + +Sayar H(1), Sahin M, Dogan PO, Karabulut S, Seringec N, Oguz A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu İmam University Faculty of +Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF), transforming growth factor-beta1 +(TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are commonly studied +growth factors, but little data are available on the immunohistochemical +expression of these factors in parathyroid lesions. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue specimens from 36 patients with primary +hyperparathyroidism (P-HPT) (26 adenomas and 10 primary hyperplasias) were +examined. Normal parathyroid tissue adjacent to the adenoma or area of +hyperplasia was used as control tissue. Preoperative laboratory testing [serum Ca +and P, creatinine and parathormone levels (PTH)] which led to the diagnosis of +P-HPT had been performed, the size and weight of the parathyroid glands measured, +and postoperative serum PTH levels determined. Paraffin-embedded parathyroid +tissue specimens were stained with antibodies to IGF-1, VEGF, and TGF-β1 using +standard immunohistochemical procedures. +RESULTS: IGF-1 immunoreactivity was seen in 50% of hyperplasia and in 46% of +adenoma samples, but in 87% of normal parathyroid tissue in the vicinity of the +adenomas (P = 0.005). TGF-β1 immunoreactivity was observed in 90% of hyperplasia, +in 92% of adenoma samples, and in 95% of normal tissues around adenomas. VEGF +immunoreactivity was observed in 70% of hyperplastic and 65% of adenomatous +tissues, as well as in 54% of normal tissues in the vicinity of the adenoma. No +significant differences in the expression of IGF-1, TGF-β1, and VEGF were +observed between primary adenomas compared to hyperplasia samples (P > 0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: Parathyroid tissue is clearly a site for production of IGF-1, +TGF-β1, and VEGF. IGF-1 receptor activity was higher in normal parathyroid tissue +compared to hyperplastic and adenomatous tissue. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.142658 +PMID: 25308005 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +507. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015 Feb;34(1):44-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.962196. +Epub 2014 Oct 7. + +De novo reciprocal translocation t(5;11)(q22;p15) associated with hydrops fetalis +(reciprocal translocation and hydrops fetalis). + +Pala HG(1), Artunc-Ulkumen B, Uyar Y, Bal F, Baytur YB, Koyuncu FM. + +Author information: +(1)Perinatology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Celal Bayar +University School of Medicine , Manisa , Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: This is a case of a prenatally diagnosed non-immune hydrops fetalis +(NIHF) associated with translocation t(5;11)(q22;p15). An association between +NIHF and this translocation has not been reported previously. +CASE REPORT: The patient was referred to the perinatology clinic with hydrops +fetalis diagnosis at 23 weeks' gestation. We noted that the fetus had bilateral +pleural effusion, ascites, widespread subcutaneous edema, membranous ventricular +septal defect, hypoplastic fifth finger middle phalanx, clinodactyly, single +umbilical artery. We performed cordocentesis. Chromosomal analysis on blood +showed a balanced translocation between the long arm of chromosome 5 and the +short arm of chromosome 11 with karyotype of 46,XX,t(5;11)(q22;p15). +CONCLUSION: We present prenatal diagnosis of a de novo translocation (5;11) in a +hydropic fetus with ultrason abnormalities. In our case, karyotype analysis of +the fetus, mother and father provided evidence of a de novo translocation, that +might explain the NIHF. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.962196 +PMID: 25289481 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +508. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Dec;210(12):818-21. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.09.003. Epub +2014 Sep 18. + +Ex vivo intra-arterial methylene blue injection in the operation theater may +improve the detection of lymph node metastases in colorectal cancer. + +Kır G(1), Alimoglu O(2), Sarbay BC(3), Bas G(4). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: gozkir@yahoo.com. +(2)General Surgery Department, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(4)General Surgery Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Lymph node (LN) assessment after colorectal cancer resection is +fundamentally important for therapeutic and prognostic reasons. LN positivity is +an indication for adjuvant treatment. This study aimed to investigate whether +immediate postoperative intra-arterial methylene blue (MB) injection (MBI) into +colorectal cancer specimens by a surgeon in the operating room could improve the +rate of total LN and metastatic LN recovery for pathological examination. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-three consecutive patients prospectively enrolled +between January 2011 and December 2013 were assigned to the methylene blue +(MB)-stained group and compared with 107 controls in the unstained group. +RESULTS: The median number and range values of metastatic LNs, the number of LNs +<0.5 cm, the total number of LNs harvested, and the number of cases with LN +metastasis were significantly different between the MB-stained and MB-unstained +groups (p = 0.016, p = 0.010, p = 0.025, and p = 0.006 respectively). +CONCLUSIONS: Immediate MBI (fresh, unfixed samples) by a surgeon in the operating +room may result in a significant increase in the number of metastatic LNs +diagnosed and the number of cases with positive LNs. Shifting of the injection +from the pathology laboratory to the operation theater would be a good +alternative whenever the operation theater is not the area located as the +pathology department. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.09.003 +PMID: 25282546 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +509. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Dec;210(12):863-71. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.08.006. Epub +2014 Sep 9. + +Histopathological evaluation of melatonin as a protective agent in heart injury +induced by radiation in a rat model. + +Gürses I(1), Özeren M(2), Serin M(3), Yücel N(4), Erkal HŞ(5). + +Author information: +(1)Mersin University Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Mersin, Turkey. +Electronic address: iclalgurses@gmail.com. +(2)Mersin University Medical Faculty, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, +Mersin, Turkey. Electronic address: mozeren@yahoo.com. +(3)Acıbadem University Adana Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Adana, +Turkey. Electronic address: m_serin@hotmail.com. +(4)İnönü University Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, Malatya, +Turkey. Electronic address: neslihan.yucel@inonu.edu.tr. +(5)Sakarya University Medical Faculty, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sakarya, +Turkey. Electronic address: hserkal@sakarya.edu.tr. + +INTRODUCTION: Melatonin is a hormone which is known to be a powerful +cardioprotective agent due to its free radical-scavenging properties. This study +was carried out to evaluate whether melatonin administration prior to irradiation +would have a protective effect on cardiac histopathological changes in an +experimental rat model. +METHODS: Rats were divided into four groups. Single dose of 18 Gy radiation and +sham radiation exposure were used in related groups. 50mg/kg dose of melatonin +were injected intraperitonally 15 min prior to radiation exposure. Analyses and +assessments were performed 6 months after radiation exposure. +RESULTS: Severe myocardial fibrosis was observed prominently in three regions: +the apex, tips of papillary muscles and adjacent to the atrioventricular valves. +Inflammation was found to be more in irradiated groups. Increased inflammation +and fibrosis were in concordance. The number of mast cells was found to be +decreased in irradiated groups. Myocyte necrosis and fibrosis were diminished +with melatonin while vasculitis was prevented. +CONCLUSIONS: Elementary pathological lesions of radiation-induced heart disease +(RIHD) are fibrosis, vascular damage, vasculitis and myocyte necrosis. +Development of vasculitis was prevented by the use of melatonin. Fibrosis and +necrosis were prominently decreased. Prevention of RIHD with the use of melatonin +at the long term is encouraging according to the histopathological results. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.08.006 +PMID: 25249491 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +510. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2014 Dec;18(6):319-25. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.08.006. +Epub 2014 Aug 27. + +Clinical and morphological characteristics of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma: +a retrospective single-center analysis of 204 patients. + +Yalcinkaya U(1), Doganavsargil B(2), Sezak M(2), Kececi B(3), Argin M(4), +Basdemir G(5), Oztop F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgical Pathology, Uludag University Medical School, Bursa, +Turkey. Electronic address: drulviyeyalcinkaya@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Surgical Pathology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Orthopedics, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Radiology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey. +(5)Department of Surgical Pathology, Acibadem University Medical School, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma are histologically similar, benign bone-forming +tumors. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the natural history; +clinical, pathologic, and radiologic findings; and treatment results in 204 +patients between 1959 and 2006 in a single institution. According to the World +Health Organization's definition, tumors ≤1 cm in diameter were classified as +osteoid osteoma, and those ≥2 cm, as osteoblastoma. For tumors between 1 cm and 2 +cm, other criteria, such as the bone involved, the site, the presence of a nidus, +and presence of peripheral sclerosis, were used for diagnosis. There were 131 +patients with osteoid osteoma (93 male, 38 female) and 73 patients with +osteoblastoma (40 male, 33 female). The mean age in the osteoid osteoma and +osteoblastoma groups was 16.4 ± 7 and 19.6 ± 9.9 years, respectively. The osteoid +osteoma cases were mostly localized in the extremities, whereas the osteoblastoma +cases involved the vertebral column and sacrum. The nidus size varied between 0.2 +and 1.5 cm in osteoid osteoma cases, and the tumor size range was 1.3-10 cm in +the osteoblastoma cases. The pain was encountered in 89% of osteoid osteoma and +45% of osteoblastoma patients. Histopathology was similar in both cases. The +treatment of choice was conservative surgery for both diagnoses. In conclusion, +osteoblastoma is clinically and radiologically more aggressive than osteoid +osteoma. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.08.006 +PMID: 25224389 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +511. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Aug;44(7):502-6. doi: 10.1111/jop.12260. Epub 2014 Sep +12. + +Oral Candida carriage and prevalence of Candida species among Maras powder users +and non-users. + +Keten D(1), Keten HS(2), Goktas MT(3), Ucer H(4), Ersoy O(5), Celik M(4). + +Author information: +(1)Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Necip Fazil City Hospital, +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +(2)Department of Family Medicine, Onikisubat Community Health Center, +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pharmacology, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Family Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +(5)Department of Public Health, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate Candida carriage and +species in Maras powder users and non-users. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 100 volunteering men in 12 cafés in the +city of Kahramanmaras, Turkey. A questionnaire composed of questions about +socio-demographic features and Maras powder use was filled in by the +participants. Culture specimens were obtained from bilateral buccal mucosa and +dorsum of the tongue with a sterile cotton-tipped swap. The specimens were +inoculated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). +RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 48.0 ± 12.5 years (min = 20, max = +70). Fifty-four percent of the Maras powder users and 22% of the non-users were +Candida carriers. The difference between the groups was significant (P = 0.001). +The most frequently isolated species was Candida albicans at a rate of 44% in the +Maras powder users and at a rate of 18% in the non-users. Other frequent species +were Candida glabrata at a rate of 6% in the Maras powder users and 2% in the +control group and Candida tropicalis at a rate of 4% in the Maras powder users +and 2% in the nonusers. +CONCLUSION: We found that a significantly high rate of the Maras powder users was +Candida carriers. It should be kept in mind that opportunistic infections may be +caused by Candida species in Maras powder users especially with immunosuppressive +conditions since Candida species are likely to lead to such infections in cases +of immunosuppressive diseases. + +© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12260 +PMID: 25213478 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +512. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 Jul 15;7(8):5271-9. eCollection 2014. + +Uretheral invagination of multilocular cystic nephroma; a case report of a new +pathologic variant. + +Ozturk H(1), Karaaslan S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sifa University Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sifa University Izmir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The multilocular cystic nephroma (MLCN) is a unilateral cystic +neoplasm of the kidney exhibiting benign biological behavior. The etiology and +histopathogenesis of the disease is controversial +(dysplastic/hamartomous/neoplastic). MLCNs show bimodal age distribution, with +peak incidence occurring at 2-4 years of age and between the fourth and sixth +decades. The male to female ratio in patients aged below 4 years is 3:1, which +reverses to 1:8 between the fourth and sixth decades. +PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 59-year-old female patient presented with left flank pain +and abdominal pain. Ultrasound (US) revealed 220×109×82 mm multiple septated +hyperechoic kidney cysts with a semi-solid appearance. MRI showed a 245×119×98 mm +multilocular cystic renal mass in the left kidney with hypointense appearance in +T1-weighted images and hyperintense in T2-weighted images, and multicystic +appearance in ureter projection, the largest portion measuring 17 mm in diameter. +Radical nephrectomy was planned with the pre-diagnosis of multilocular cystic +nephroma or multicystic renal cell carcinoma. +RESULTS: The patient underwent transperitoneal radical nephroureterectomy. The +immunohistopathological examination revealed MLCN with ureteral invagination. +CONCLUSION: The etiology, pathogenesis, and genetic basis of multilocular cystic +nephroma are currently unknown. This tumor is confused with cystic partially +differentiated nephroblastoma and cystic Wilms tumor in childhood, and +multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, clear cell papillary renal cell +carcinoma, and tubulocystic carcinoma in adults. The association of this tumor +with pleuropulmonary blastoma in children exhibits genetic inheritance. US +control is particularly recommended in siblings of these children. Albeit rare, +the disease can occur as a bilateral synchronous or metachronous lesion. There +are four reports of cases with recurrence in the literature. The laparoscopic +partial nephrectomy is the recommended treatment method in patients with +sufficient renal reserve that are found to be free of malignancy in the frozen +section examination. The symptoms of hematuria and flank pain can be associated +with invagination of the cysts into the pelvis and intrarenal rupture of the +cysts. The invagination of cysts into the pelvis has been previously described. +The authors consider that this was the first case of MLCN in the literature +exhibiting invagination into the ureter. + + +PMCID: PMC4152099 +PMID: 25197409 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +513. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2014 Oct;18(5):297-300. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.08.005. +Epub 2014 Aug 16. + +Do repeatedly nondiagnostic fine needle aspirations of thyroid nodules predict +malignancy risk? + +Arpaci D(1), Ozdemir D(2), Cuhaci N(3), Kiyak G(4), Yalcin A(5), Akbaba S(4), +Kilicyazgan A(6), Ersoy R(7), Cakir B(8). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, +Turkey. Electronic address: drarpaci@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: didemoz@hotmail.com. +(3)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: neslihancuh@hotmail.com. +(4)Department of General Surgery, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(5)Department of General Surgery, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara Ataturk +Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. +(7)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: reyhaner@hotmail.com. +(8)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +Electronic address: bekircak@hotmail.com. + +Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a common, minimally invasive, +cost-effective, and rapid method to manage thyroid nodules, but nondiagnostic +FNAB (ND-FNAB) is still a common problem due to high prevalence (2%-20%). Our +purpose in this study is to investigate risk of malignancy of repeating ND-FNABs +and correlation between clinical and ultrasound findings. Our cohort study +included 75 patients who had 2 or more times ND-FNABs and, finally, undergone +surgical resection. We evaluated demographic, clinical, ultasonographic, and +pathologic features. Fifty-seven patients were female, and 22 patients were male. +Seventy-five patients' histopathologic results were 76% (n=57) benign and 24% +(n=18) malignant. Of malignant nodules, 94.4% (n=17) were papillary carcinoma, +whereas 5.6% (n=1) were follicular carcinoma. We did not find any predictive +factor for malignancy and any differences associated with clinical and +ultrasonographic features between benign and malignant nodules. Reaspiration +followed by surgery for appropriate patients is recommended. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.08.005 +PMID: 25171877 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +514. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:982150. doi: 10.1155/2014/982150. Epub 2014 Aug 5. + +Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody frequency in chronic hepatitis B patients. + +Calhan T(1), Sahin A(1), Kahraman R(1), Altunoz ME(2), Ozbakır F(3), Ozdil K(1), +Sokmen HM(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, +34764 Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Department of Gastroenterology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)Central Research Laboratory, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of +Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a viral disease, common across the +world, and associated with several extraintestinal manifestations including +vasculitis. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) are sensitive and +specific markers for vasculitides. There is limited data available in the +literature on whether ANCA formation is stimulated by CHB infection. In the +present study we aimed to identify the frequency of ANCA in CHB patients. +METHODS: A total of 174 subjects were included in the study (87 CHB patients, 87 +control subjects). Perinuclear-ANCA (P-ANCA), cytoplasmic-ANCA (C-ANCA), +myeloperoxidase ANCA (MPO-ANCA), and proteinase 3-ANCA (PR3-ANCA) were studied. +IFA was used for P-ANCA and C-ANCA assays, and ELISA was used for MPO-ANCA and +PR3-ANCA assays. +RESULTS: ANCA positivity was high in both groups (31% in the CHB group and 26% +among controls). There were no significant differences between the groups for +P-ANCA and MPO-ANCA (P = 0.6 and P = 0.6, resp.). Frequency of borderline +positive C-ANCA and all positive PR3-ANCA (positive + borderline positive) was +significantly higher in the CHB group (P = 0.009 and P = 0.005, resp.). +CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the frequency of ANCA was high in both groups. +The CHB group had a relatively higher frequency of ANCA positivity compared to +controls. Borderline positive C-ANCA and positive PR3-ANCA were significantly +higher in the CHB group. These results suggest that ANCA may have a high +prevalence in Turkey. Patients with CHB should be evaluated particularly for +C-ANCA and PR3-ANCA in the presence of vasculitic complaints and lesions. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/982150 +PMCID: PMC4138952 +PMID: 25161336 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +515. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Dec;210(12):934-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.07.003. Epub +2014 Jul 22. + +Fascin and EMMPRIN expression in primary mucinous tumors of ovary: a tissue +microarray study. + +Alici O(1), Kefeli M(2), Yildiz L(3), Baris S(4), Karagoz F(5), Kandemir B(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Turkey; +Department of Pathology, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic address: +omralc@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic +address: mehmetkefeli@gmail.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic +address: leventy@omu.edu.tr. +(4)Department of Pathology, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic +address: sancarbaris@omu.edu.tr. +(5)Department of Pathology, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic +address: filizkaragoz@yahoo.com. +(6)Department of Pathology, 19 Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. Electronic +address: bkandemir@ttnet.net.tr. + +OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the expressions of fascin and +EMMPRIN in primary malignant, borderline and benign mucinous ovarian tumors, and +to investigate the relationship of these markers with tumor progression and their +applicability to differential diagnosis. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: An immunohistochemical study was performed for fascin and +EMMPRIN using the tissue microarray technique. Eighty-one cases were included in +the study; there were 37 benign, 25 borderline and 19 malignant primary mucinous +ovarian tumors. For each case, a total staining score was determined, consisting +of scores for extent of staining and intensity of staining. The cases were +allocated to negative, weakly positive and strongly positive staining categories, +according to the total staining score. +RESULTS: Both of the markers were significantly negative in benign tumors as +compared with borderline and malignant tumors. There was no significant +difference between borderline and malignant groups for both markers. Sixty-eight +percent of malignant tumors were stained positive by fascin, while this rate was +40% for borderline mucinous tumors. All malignant tumors were strongly stained +positive for EMMPRIN, while this rate was 92% for borderline mucinous tumors. The +rest of the cases stained weakly positive. No significant difference in staining +score was found between fascin and EMMPRIN expression. +CONCLUSIONS: In ovarian primary mucinous tumors, fascin and EMMPRIN may play an +important role in tumor progression from benign tumor to carcinoma. In that +context, EMMPRIN and fascin expression may have potential application in the +differential diagnosis of some diagnostically problematic mucinous ovarian +tumors. However, the differential diagnostic applicability of EMMPRIN appears to +be more limited than that of fascin due to its wide spectrum of staining in +mucinous ovarian tumors. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.07.003 +PMID: 25155376 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +516. Int J Surg Pathol. 2015 Feb;23(1):61-7. doi: 10.1177/1066896914547046. Epub 2014 +Aug 20. + +Clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract: a case report and +review of the literature. + +Yegen G(1), Güllüoğlu M(2), Mete Ö(3), Önder S(2), Kapran Y(2). + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey gulcinyegen@gmail.com. +(2)Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +(3)University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. + +Clear cell sarcoma is a rare tumor classically associated with tendons and +aponeuroses of lower extremities of young adults and has a distinctive +histopathologic and molecular profile. It has been rarely described in other +locations other than soft tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract. Herein +we report a case of clear cell sarcoma of gastrointestinal tract arising in the +ileum, which is rich in osteoclast-like giant cells with a review of the +literature. + +© The Author(s) 2014. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896914547046 +PMID: 25145707 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +517. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015 Feb;34(1):9-13. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.947541. +Epub 2014 Aug 20. + +Prenatal diagnosis of the acute meconium peritonitis secondary to ileum volvulus +perforation: a case report. + +Keskin U(1), Karasahin KE, Ozturk M, Atabek C, Demirbağ S, Ergün A. + +Author information: +(1)1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy +and Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. + +This is an unusual case in comparison to other sonographically described prenatal +cases due to very early diagnosis and surgical intervention following prompt +delivery. A 40-year-old pregnant, ultrasonography showed presence of cystic +structure in the fetal abdomen that was consistent with intestinal dilatation. At +32 weeks' of gestation, repeat ultrasound showed collapse of the bowel dilatation +along with the presence of hyperechogenic fluid in the fetal abdominal cavity. +Cesarean section was performed. The clinical utility of this report is the +recognition that meconium peritonitis (MP) may be diagnosed in the acute phase +with typical ultrasound features, and should be considered in the differential +diagnoses of cases presented with reduced fetal movements. Although it appears +that morbidity and mortality in MP cases depend upon gestational age, this case +report may help to manage similar cases for defining the appropriate delivery +time and treatment modality after prenatal identification of the problem. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.947541 +PMID: 25141101 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +518. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:690853. doi: 10.1155/2014/690853. Epub 2014 Jul 16. + +Serum interleukin 17 levels in patients with Crohn's disease: real life data. + +Sahin A(1), Calhan T(2), Cengiz M(3), Kahraman R(4), Aydin K(5), Ozdil K(6), +Korachi M(5), Sokmen HM(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, +Rizaiye Mah. Inonu Caddesi, 23200 Elazig, Turkey. +(2)Gastroenterology Department, Turkiye Gazetesi Hospital, 34381 Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara Oncology Education and Research +Hospital, 06500 Ankara, Turkey. +(4)Department of Gastroenterology, Batman State Hospital, 72070 Batman, Turkey. +(5)Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, 34755 +Istanbul, Turkey. +(6)Department of Gastroenterology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, 34764 +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to investigate serum IL17 levels in patients with +Crohn's disease (CD) and to investigate the relationship between serum IL17 +levels with disease activity.METHODS: Fifty patients with CD and sex- and +age-matched 40 healthy controls were included in the study. The serum IL17 +levels, complete blood count, blood chemistry, erythrocyte sedimentation rate +(ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured, and Crohn's disease +activity was calculated using Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI). +RESULTS: The mean serum IL17 level of CD patients did not differ from those of +healthy controls (P > 0.05). There was no difference between the mean serum IL +levels of active CD patients and of quiescent CD patients (P > 0.05). However, +the mean IL17 level of active patients was lower than of control subjects (P = +0.02). Serum IL17 was not correlated with inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP, white +blood count, platelet count, and albumin) and CDAI. +CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral blood serum IL17 levels of CD patients were not higher +than of healthy controls, and also, serum IL17 level was not correlated with +clinical disease activity. Peripheral IL17 measurement is not a useful tool for +detecting and monitoring Crohn's disease which is understood to have complex +etiopathogenesis. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/690853 +PMCID: PMC4124784 +PMID: 25140070 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +519. APMIS. 2014 Dec;122(12):1259-65. doi: 10.1111/apm.12297. Epub 2014 Aug 6. + +The role of IgG4 (+) plasma cells in the association of Hashimoto's thyroiditis +with papillary carcinoma. + +Taşli F(1), Ozkök G, Argon A, Ersöz D, Yağci A, Uslu A, Erkan N, Salman T, Vardar +E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sifa University, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is considered to be a risk factor for the formation +of papillary carcinoma. The association of IgG4-related sclerosing disease with +tumor is reported to be as sporadic cases in many organs. In this study, it was +intended to re-classify the HT diagnosed cases on the basis of the existence of +IgG4 (+) plasma cells; to investigate the clinicopathologic and histopathologic +features of the both groups; and in addition, to evaluate the papillary carcinoma +prevalence in IgG4 (+) and IgG4 (-) HT cases as well as the prognostic parameters +between these groups. Totally 59 cases between the years 2008-2013, 29 of which +contain Hashimoto thyroiditis diagnosis in total thyroidectomy materials, and 30 +of which contain the diagnosis of HT+papillary carcinoma, were included in the +study. The materials were immunohistochemically applied IgG and IgG4; and the +cases were classified in two groups as IgG4-positive HT and IgG4-negative HT +containing cases, on the basis of IgG4/IgG rate. All histopathologic and +clinicopathologic parameters between these two groups, as well as their +association with papillary carcinoma were investigated. Thirty eight (64.4%) of +total 59 cases were NonIgG4 thyroiditis, and 21 (35.5%) were IgG4 thyroiditis. +Tumors were detected in 14 (36.8%) of the NonIgG4 thyroiditis cases, and in 16 +(76.1%) of the IgG4 thyroiditis cases. The association of IgG4 thyroiditis with +tumor is statistically significant (p < 0.004). Multifocality was found to be at +a higher rate in IgG4 thyroiditis cases. Perithyroidal extension was detected in +six of the cases with tumor, and five of the six cases were IgG4 thyroiditis +cases. The association of IgG4 (+) HT cases with increased papillary carcinoma +prevalence is suggestive of that IgG4 (+) plasma cells can play a role in +carcinogenesis in papillary carcinomas developed in HTs, without a chronic +sclerosing ground. In addition, although the number of cases is limited, the +high-association of IgG4 (+) plasma cells with adverse prognostic parameters such +as multifocality and extrathyroidal extension is attention-grabbing. To render +these possibilities evaluable, studies to be carried out with larger case series +are needed. + +© 2014 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12297 +PMID: 25131331 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +520. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2014 Aug;37(4):289-96. doi: 10.1007/s13402-014-0185-5. Epub +2014 Aug 14. + +ARID3B expression in primary breast cancers and breast cancer-derived cell lines. + +Oguz Erdogan AS(1), Ozdemirler N, Oyken M, Alper M, Erson-Bensan AE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biological Sciences, METU, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: ARID3B (AT-rich interaction domain 3) is a member of the family of +ARID proteins, which constitutes evolutionarily conserved transcription factors +implicated in normal development, differentiation, cell cycle regulation and +chromatin remodeling. In addition, ARID3B has been linked to cellular +immortalization, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumorigenesis. Given +the emerging role of ARID3B in tumor development, we examined its expression in +primary patient-derived breast cancer samples and breast cancer-derived cell +lines. +METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect ARID3B expression in 63 +formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) invasive breast cancer samples. In +addition, a panel of 6 (estrogen receptor-positive and -negative, ERBB2-positive +and -negative) breast cancer-derived cell lines and immortalized non-tumorigenic +epithelial breast cells were used for ARID3B expression analysis using RT-PCR. +Specific primers and Western blotting were used to detect ARID3B isoforms. +RESULTS: Using IHC, nuclear, cytoplasmic and low levels of membranous ARID3B +staining were detected in all 63 primary invasive breast tumors. Nuclear ARID3B +staining positively correlated with estrogen receptor (ER) status and negatively +correlated with tumor grade, mitotic index and ERBB2 status of the patients. +Increased nuclear expression of ARID3B was confirmed in breast cancer-derived +cell lines expressing ERα. In addition, two out of three ERBB2-positive breast +cancer cell lines were found to lack full length ARID3B. Three ARID3B isoforms +were found to be present in normal breast epithelial cells as well as in breast +cancer cells. +CONCLUSION: We report a positive correlation between ER positivity and nuclear +ARID3B expression in primary breast cancers, along with a negative correlation +with the ERBB2 status. Very similar correlations were noted in breast +cancer-derived cell lines. Since in the recent past ARID3B expression has +increasingly been related to cancer-associated proteins and microRNAs, knowledge +on ARID3B expression and function may be instrumental for gaining further insight +into potentially important cancer-related networks. + +DOI: 10.1007/s13402-014-0185-5 +PMID: 25120063 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +521. Pol J Pathol. 2014 Jun;65(2):120-4. + +Histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics of elastofibromas. + +Tasli F(1), Vardar E, Argon A, Kabat T, Deniz S, Nart A, Kececi Y. + +Author information: +(1)Funda Tasli MD Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Sifa University +35100, Bornova Izmir, Turkey tel. +902323434445-1450 fax: +902322502997 e-mail: +fundadr@gmail.com. + +Elastofibromas are slow-growing and rare soft-tissue tumors. The etiology and +pathogenetic mechanisms are still controversial and there are only a few studies +in the literature investigating the histochemical, immunohistochemical, and +genetic features to determine the pathogenesis. We investigated the cellular +composition of lesions with a diagnosis of elastofibroma in 17 patients by using +histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. There were 17 cases with a mean +age of 53.5 years. Mean lesion diameter was 6.6 cm. The immunohistochemical +method showed vimentin and factor XIIIa positivity in all cases. Four cases had +focal myoglobin positivity in the spindle-shaped cells between the collagen +fibers. Spindle cells were positive for CD34 in 8 cases. Smooth muscle actin, +desmin, type 4 collagen and laminin were negative in all cases. The elastic +nature of the abnormal fibers was shown histoch with Verhoeff elastin staining +and aldehyde fuchsin staining in all cases. Our results have shown that the +concurrent positivity of factor XIIIa and CD34 in the cells forming the lesion +might show that the lesionoriginates from primitive dermal mesenchymal cells. In +addition, the myoglobin positivity found in some cases indicates the possibility +of a myofibroblastic origin of elastofibromas. + + +PMID: 25119171 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +522. Pol J Pathol. 2014 Mar;65(1):70-3. + +Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast with amplification of the HER2 +gene confirmed by FISH - case report and review of the literature. + +Kucukzeybek BB(1), Yigit S, Sari AA, Rezanko T, Durak E, Sadullahoglu C. + +Author information: +(1)Betul Bolat Kucukzeybek Department of Pathology I˙zmir Katip Celebi University +Atatürk Training and Research Hospital Basinsitesi-Karabaglar-Izmir, Turkey 35360 +e-mail: bbkzeybek@yahoo.com. + +Fifty five-years-old woman was presented to the general surgery upon the +palpation of a mass in her left breast. In the excisional biopsy performed, +partially cystic tumor of 2 × 1 cm with solid areas was macroscopically observed. +After through microscopic examination, the patient was diagnosed as invasive +mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and the tumor was found to be ER- and PR-negative and +C-erbB2 (2+). In the fluorescent in situ hybridization, HER2/neu gene +amplification was observed. Here, we present the clinical, cytological, +morphological and immunohistochemical features of a very rare type of breast +carcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast, with the review of the +relevant literature. + + +PMID: 25119013 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +523. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2014 Jul-Sep;57(3):503-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.138805. + +Paratesticular myxofibrosarcoma. + +Baspinar S(1), Kapucuoglu N, Akdeniz R, Oksay T, Guzel A, Kocer M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, +Isparta, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.138805 +PMID: 25118763 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +524. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2014 Jul-Sep;57(3):396-9. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.138728. + +The prognostic significance of bone marrow metastases: evaluation of 58 cases. + +Kucukzeybek BB(1), Calli AO, Kucukzeybek Y, Bener S, Dere Y, Dirican A, Payzin +KB, Ozdemirkiran F, Tarhan MO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University Atatürk Training and +Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Bone marrow biopsy is widely used method for diagnosis, follow-up and +staging of hemato-oncologic diseases. This procedure is also used for determining +the bone marrow metastasis in patients with solid tumors. In this study, +clinical, hematological, and pathological features of 58 patients with bone +marrow metastases diagnosed by bone marrow biopsies were examined retrospectively +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 3345 bone marrow biopsies performed in our hospital +between January 2006 and August 2013, 58 cases with solid tumor metastasized to +bone marrow were included in this study. +RESULTS: Among 58 cases with solid organ carcinoma metastasis in bone marrow, +mean age was 59.9. Thirty-nine cases were found to have a known primary tumor +focus. The most common tumors metastasized to bone marrow were breast carcinomas +(23 patients, 59%), gastric carcinomas (6 patients, 15.3%), prostate carcinomas +(4 patients, 10,2%), and lung carcinomas (3 patients, 7.7%), respectively. +Nineteen patients were firstly diagnosed from bone marrow biopsies as metastatic +carcinomas. The median overall survival after bone marrow metastasis was 28 days +(95% confidence interval: 7.5-48.4). The median overall survival difference was +not statistically significant between patients with primary known and unknown +tumor (P = 0.973). Statistically significant difference was observed between the +survival of breast cancer and gastric cancer (P = 0.028). The most common +hematologic symptom was the coexistence of anemia and thrombocytopenia (31%), +thrombocytopenia (27.6%) and anemia (20.7%) alone. The median overall survival +difference was statistically significant between patients who have anemia and +thrombocytopenia (P < 0.005). +CONCLUSION: Bone marrow biopsy is an easily accessible, easily applied, a useful +procedure for diagnosing metastatic diseases in patients with hematologic +symptoms such as anemia and thrombocytopenia besides being an uncomfortable +procedure for patients. Furthermore, it is useful in predicting the prognosis and +short survey after diagnosing bone marrow metastasis. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.138728 +PMID: 25118730 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +525. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Apr;21(2):357-66. doi: 10.1007/s12253-014-9828-0. Epub +2014 Aug 14. + +Emerin expression in well differentiated epithelial lesions of thyroid: +implications in papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis and predicting malignant +behavior. + +Coban I(1), Cakir A, Unal TD, Bassullu N, Karpuz V, Dogusoy GB, Alper M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Istanbul Bilim University, +School of Medicine, Cemil Aslan Guder Sok. No: 8 Gayrettepe, İstanbul, 30342, +Turkey, ipekco@gmail.com. + +Recently, it has been reported that identifying nuclear membrane irregularities +with anti-emerin antibody is useful for papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis. +However, literature regarding the significance of emerin immunohistochemistry in +thyroid is limited. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the well-established +nuclear alterations, nuclear protrusions and recently described nuclear shapes +(garlands and star-like shapes) with emerin immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin- +eosin stain in thyroid lesions. We further evaluated the diagnostic accuracy +measures of tissue microarrays evaluated with both stains, to detect whether +emerin immunohistochemistry improves the diagnostic accuracy for papillary +thyroid carcinoma. For papillary thyroid carcinoma, pseudo- inclusions were best +performers with emerin (diagnostic accuracy: 0.91), whereas with hematoxylin- +eosin diagnostic accuracy of grooves was the highest (0.92). For follicular +variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, with both stains, predominately oval +nuclear shape had the best diagnostic performance (diagnostic accuracy: 0.95). +Nuclear protrusions were poor identifiers for papillary thyroid carcinoma. +However, with emerin immunohistochemistry, they could successfully identify +malignancy in 83% of the cases. Using emerin immunohistochemistry, in addition to +hematoxylin- eosin improved the diagnostic accuracy for papillary thyroid +carcinoma when compared to hematoxylin- eosin evaluation only (sensitivity: 0.70 +vs 0.86, negative predictive value: 0.81 vs. 0.94, diagnostic accuracy: 0.87 vs. +0.94). Consistent with the previous literature, our findings indicate that emerin +immunohistochemistry may be used as an adjunct diagnostic method to identify +papillary thyroid carcinoma. Additionally, we suggest that nuclear protrusions +detected with emerin imunohistochemistry may be used as indicators of malignant +behavior in small tissue samples of thyroid. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9828-0 +PMID: 25116851 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +526. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2014 Oct;18(5):271-4. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.07.002. +Epub 2014 Jul 31. + +Foamy gland carcinoma in core needle biopsies of the prostate: clinicopathologic +and immunohistochemical study of 56 cases. + +Koca SB(1), Yıldız P(2), Behzatoğlu K(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: bksevim@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Bezmialem University, Medical Faculty, İstanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: pelinyildiz@yahoo.com. +(3)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: kbehzatoglu@hotmail.com. + +Foamy gland carcinoma is a subtype of acinar adenocarcinoma characterized by +foamy appearance, large cytoplasm, pyknotic nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli and +infiltrative pattern. In this study, we investigated the histological features +and the incidence of foamy gland carcinoma. We compared foamy gland carcinoma +with acinar adenocarcinoma according to age, prostate-specific antigen value, +Gleason score, peripheral nerve invasion and accompanying high-grade prostatic +intraepithelial neoplasia. Besides, we investigated the diagnostic value of +immunohistochemical markers in foamy gland carcinoma. A total of 863 TRUS-guided +prostate needle core biopsies performed at our hospital pathology clinic between +January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2011, were examined, 251 of these were +diagnosed acinar type adenocarcinoma. Conventional acinar type adenocarcinoma was +present in 195 (78%) cases, and foamy gland carcinoma, in 56 cases (22%). We +found that 11 (19%) of the 56 foamy gland carcinoma cases were pure and 45 (81%) +cases were mixed with conventional acinar type adenocarcinoma. Single-core +localization was present in 7 of 14 pure foamy gland carcinomas, and the number +of cases with a Gleason score of 7 and above was 21 (37%). No statistically +significant difference was found between foamy gland carcinoma and conventional +acinar type adenocarcinoma in terms of age, Gleason score, high-grade prostatic +intraepithelial neoplasia, and prostate-specific antigen values. Peripheral nerve +invasion was found to be statistically significantly more common in foamy gland +carcinoma compared to acinar type adenocarcinoma (P<.05). The staining percentage +of immunohistochemical markers in foamy gland carcinoma was 90.1% for p63, 90.6% +for 34Beta12 and 90.6% for AMACR. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.07.002 +PMID: 25116437 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +527. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Apr;21(2):333-8. doi: 10.1007/s12253-014-9825-3. Epub 2014 +Aug 6. + +Apoptotic Effects of Quercitrin on DLD-1 Colon Cancer Cell Line. + +Cincin ZB(1), Unlu M, Kiran B, Bireller ES, Baran Y, Cakmakoglu B. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Institute of Experimental Medical Research, Department of +Molecular Medicine, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Quercetin, which is the most abundant bioflavonoid compound, is mainly present in +the glycoside form of quercitrin. Although different studies indicated that +quercitrin is a potent antioxidant, the action of this compound is not well +understood. In this study, we investigated whether quercitrin has apoptotic and +antiproliferative effects in DLD-1 colon cancer cell lines. Time and dose +dependent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of quercitrin were subsequently +determined by WST-1 cell proliferation assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) +cytotoxicity assay, detection of nucleosome enrichment factor, changes in +caspase-3 activity, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and also the +localization of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the plasma membrane. There were +significant increases in caspase-3 activity, loss of MMP, and increases in the +apoptotic cell population in response to quercitrin in DLD-1 colon cancer cells +in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These results revealed that quercitrin has +antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells. Quercitrin +activity supported with in vivo analyses could be a biomarker candicate for early +colorectal carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9825-3 +PMID: 25096395 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +528. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2014 Dec;66(9-10):407-13. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.06.004. +Epub 2014 Jul 16. + +The protective effects of vitamin C on the DNA damage, antioxidant defenses and +aorta histopathology in chronic hyperhomocysteinemia induced rats. + +Boyacioglu M(1), Sekkin S(2), Kum C(2), Korkmaz D(3), Kiral F(4), Yalinkilinc +HS(2), Ak MO(2), Akar F(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +Adnan Menderes University, Isikli, Aydin, Turkey. Electronic address: +mboyacioglu@adu.edu.tr. +(2)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +Adnan Menderes University, Isikli, Aydin, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan +Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. +(4)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes +University, Aydin, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of vitamin C +towards hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy) induced oxidative DNA damage using the comet +assay. The increase in plasma homocysteine levels is an important risk factor for +vascular and cardiovascular diseases through free radical production. This study +was also conducted to investigate the histopathological changes in the thoracic +aorta and the oxidant/antioxidant status in heart, liver and kidney tissues. +Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided as control, hHcy and hHcy+vitamin +C group. Chronic hHcy was induced by oral administration of l-methionine +(1g/kg/day) for 28 days. Vitamin C was given 150mg/kg/day within the specified +days. DNA damage was measured by use of the comet assay in lymphocytes. Levels of +malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) as well as catalase (CAT) and +superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in heart, liver and renal +tissues. Results show that l-methionine administration significantly increased % +Tail DNA and Mean Tail Moment in hHcy group as compared with other groups. +Vitamin C treatment significantly decreased the high MDA levels and increased +activity of antioxidant enzymes in tissues. Aortic diameter and thickness of +aortic elastic laminae were significantly lower in hHcy+vitamin C group. Comet +assay can be used for the assessment of primary DNA damage caused by hHcy. +Histopathological findings showed that vitamin C may have a preventive effect in +alleviating the negative effects of hHcy. Vitamin C might be useful in the +prevention of endothelial dysfunction caused by hHcy. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.06.004 +PMID: 25043728 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +529. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Oct;210(10):640-4. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.06.002. Epub +2014 Jun 19. + +The association of the cribriform pattern with outcome for prostatic +adenocarcinomas. + +Kir G(1), Sarbay BC(2), Gümüş E(3), Topal CS(2). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: gozkir@yahoo.com. +(2)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Urology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +With the revision of the Gleason system at the 2005 International Society of +Urological Pathology Consensus Conference, there was consensus that most +cribriform glands should be classified as pattern 4. There is now increased +understanding that invasive cribriform carcinoma is a relatively aggressive +disease. This study was based on 233 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens +collected at the Department of Pathology, Umraniye Education and Research +Hospital, from 2006 to 2013. We assessed the cribriform foci associated with the +more definitive patterns 3, 4, and 5 elsewhere on the RP specimens and evaluated +the association of the presence of cribriform pattern (CP) with biochemical +prostate-specific antigen recurrence (BPR). In Cox regression model, taking into +account the Gleason score (GS), pathologic stage, surgical margin (SM) status, +presence of a CP, and preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a positive +SM, and the presence of a CP were independent predictors of BPR after RP. We +observed BPR more frequently in GS 3+3 cases with a CP than in those without a CP +(p=0.008). There was no significant difference in BPR status for cases with GS +3+4, 4+3, 4+5, and 5+4 when the patients were stratified by the presence of a CP. +On the basis of these data, we suggest that the classification of CP into Gleason +pattern 4 has value in predicting BPR status after RP. However, as many of these +modifications are empirical and supported by only a few studies, long-term +follow-up studies with clinical endpoints are necessary to validate these +recommendations. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.06.002 +PMID: 25042388 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +530. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 May 15;7(6):3299-304. eCollection 2014. + +Prognostic value of glomerular C4d staining in patients with IgA nephritis. + +Sahin OZ(1), Yavas H(1), Taslı F(2), Gibyeli DG(1), Ersoy R(1), Uzum A(1), Cirit +M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Nephrology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital +Karabağlar Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Izmir Training Hospital Konak, Izmir, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Mesangial IgA deposition is the initiative factor in the +pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Glomerular IgA depositon leads to +activation local complement system. C4d positivity shows that complement +activation occurs via alternative pathway. C4d positivity at the time of renal +biopsy can be associated with poor prognosis in IgA nephropathy. We aimed to +evaluate C4d deposition and renal outcome in patients with IgA nephritis. +METHODS: Between January 2005 and December 2009, 40 patients with IgA nephritis +were enrolled. Renal biopsy specimens of 33 patients have been evaluated. C4d +immunohistochemical staining was performed 3-μm deparaffinized and rehydrated +sections of formaldehyde-fixed renal tissues, using rabbit polyclonal anti-human +C4d as the antibody. Baseline demographical, clinical and laboratory data were +recorded retrospectively. +RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 35.9 ± 12.9 years and female/male ratio was +19/21. Mean duration of follow-up was 32.8 (12-60) months. Baseline glomerular +filtration ratio (GFR) and proteinuria were 55.8 ml/min and 2.44 gr/day +respectively at the time of renal biopsy. Eleven patients were C4d positive. +Presence of hypertension (p=0.133), proteinuria (p=0.007), serum creatinine +levels (p=0.056) and glomerulosclerosis (p=0.004), mesengial hypersellularity +(p=0.0001) and interstitial fibrosis (p=0.006) at the time of renal biopsy were +higher in C4d positive group rather than negative group. Evolution to renal +failure were 63.6% in C4d positive group and 13.6% in negative group (p=0.006). +Renal survival at 3 years was 39% in C4d-positive patients versus 66.7% in the +C4d-negative patients (log rank- p=0.0072). + + +PMCID: PMC4097253 +PMID: 25031752 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +531. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 May 15;7(6):2800-8. eCollection 2014. + +Gnathic osteosarcomas, experience of four institutions from Turkey. + +Yildiz FR(1), Avci A(2), Dereci O(3), Erol B(4), Celasun B(5), Gunhan O(6). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, İzmit Seka State Hospital İzmit, Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Atatürk Education and Research Hospital İzmir, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskişehir +Osmangazi University Eskişehir, Turkey. +(4)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle +University Diyarbakir, Turkey. +(5)Gören Pathology Laboratory Ankara, Turkey. +(6)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy Ankara, Turkey. + +Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary gnathic sarcoma. Neither the etiology +nor the variables effecting the prognosis are fully known due mostly to the +rarity of gnathic osteosarcomas. To date a considerable number of +clinicopathologic features have been suggested in the evaluation of gnathic +osteosarcomas. Still there is a need to experience on several aspects of +management. The aim of this study is to report a series of 33 cases of +osteosarcoma involving either mandible or maxilla. The clinical, radiological and +histopathological features of our cases have usually been non-specific and the +most frequent provisional diagnosis were "benign fibroosseous lesion, abnormal +mass, giant cell granuloma and benign bone tumor". This non-specific presentation +of osteosarcomas of the jaws is compatible with those reported previously. A +combined clinical, radiological and pathological study is essential in arriving +at the correct diagnosis. + + +PMCID: PMC4097283 +PMID: 25031699 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +532. Korean J Pathol. 2014 Jun;48(3):225-8. doi: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.3.225. +Epub 2014 Jun 26. + +Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis: a case study +and review of the literature. + +Erdogan S(1), Acikalin A(1), Zeren H(2), Gonlusen G(1), Zorludemir S(1), Izol +V(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, Adana, +Turkey. +(3)Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. + +Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma is an uncommon tumor of the testes +that usually presents as a hydrocele. Here, we present the case of one patient +who did not have a history of asbestos exposure. The tumor was localized in the +tunica vaginalis and was composed of three pedunculated masses macroscopically. +Microscopically, branching papillary structures with focal coagulative necrosis +were present. In addition to immunohistochemistry, simian virus 40 DNA was also +tested by polymerase chain reaction. This report presents one case of this rare +entity, its clinical and macroscopic features, and follow-up results. + +DOI: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.3.225 +PMCID: PMC4087136 +PMID: 25013421 + + +533. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 Apr 15;7(5):1935-46. eCollection 2014. + +Leptin deficiency recapitulates the histological features of pulmonary arterial +hypertension in mice. + +Aytekin M(1), Tonelli AR(2), Farver CF(3), Feldstein AE(4), Dweik RA(5). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University +Melikgazi 38039, Kayseri, Turkey ; Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research +Institute, Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio, USA. +(2)Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute +Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio, USA. +(3)Department of Pathology, Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, +Ohio, USA. +(4)Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University of +California San Diego San Diego, California, USA. +(5)Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Respiratory Institute +Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio, USA ; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care +Medicine, Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio, USA. + +Leptin is a neuroendocrine peptide released by adipose tissue that enhances +metabolism and acts on the hypothalamus to suppress appetite. Leptin also +regulates aspects of cardiovascular function and low serum leptin has been +associated with increased mortality in humans. We hypothesized that leptin +deficiency alters the structure and function of the pulmonary +vasculature.METHODS: We examined two groups of C57BL/6 male mice aged 12 weeks: +five ob/ob (B6.VLepob/ob) leptin-deficient and five wild type (WT) (C57BL/6) +control mice. As expected, weight was significantly greater in ob/ob mice +relative to WT mice [weight (g), Mean±SD): ob/ob 52±2.5 g, wild type 30±2.5 g; +p<0.001]. The pulmonary vasculature of ob/ob mice and WT control animals was +examined by histology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. +RESULTS: Pulmonary arterial wall thickness was significantly increased in ob/ob +mice relative to WT littermates [median (interquartile range) distance in pixels: +ob/ob 0.13 (0.05-0.18), wild type 0.03 (0.02-0.04); p=0.001]. The ob/ob mice also +exhibited significant right ventricular hypertrophy in comparison to control +animals [RV thickness (Mean±SD): ob/ob 0.75±0.19, wild type; 0.58±0.13 p<0.001]. +We observed substantial macrophage infiltration and abundant proliferation of +myofibroblasts and fibroblasts in histological sections of pulmonary arterioles +of ob/ob mice. In addition, we noted increased hyaluronan deposition, +colocalizing with SMC-actin in the pulmonary vasculature of ob/ob mice relative +to WT controls. +CONCLUSIONS: The pulmonary pathology of leptin deficiency in ob/ob mice +recapitulates many of the histological features of pulmonary vascular diseases, +including pulmonary hypertension, suggesting that leptin deficiency is associated +to the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disease. + + +PMCID: PMC4069962 +PMID: 24966903 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +534. Diagn Cytopathol. 2015 Feb;43(2):91-7. doi: 10.1002/dc.23187. Epub 2014 Jun 26. + +Does imprint cytology improve the accuracy of transrectal prostate needle biopsy? + +Sayar H(1), Bulut BB, Bahar AY, Bahar MR, Seringec N, Resim S, Çıralık H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of +Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of imprint cytology of core needle biopsy +specimens in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. +METHODS: Between December 24, 2011 and May 9, 2013, patients with an abnormal DRE +and/or serum PSA level of >2.5 ng/mL underwent transrectal prostate needle +biopsy. Samples with positive imprint cytology but negative initial histologic +exam underwent repeat sectioning and histological examination. +RESULTS: 1,262 transrectal prostate needle biopsy specimens were evaluated from +100 patients. Malignant imprint cytology was found in 236 specimens (18.7%), 197 +(15.6%) of which were confirmed by histologic examination, giving an initial 3.1% +(n = 39) rate of discrepant results by imprint cytology. Upon repeat sectioning +and histologic examination of these 39 biopsy samples, 14 (1.1% of the original +specimens) were then diagnosed as malignant, 3 (0.2%) as atypical small acinar +proliferation (ASAP), and 5 (0.4%) as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial +neoplasia (HGPIN). Overall, 964 (76.4%) specimens were negative for malignancy by +imprint cytology. Seven (0.6%) specimens were benign by cytology but malignant +cells were found on histological evaluation. On imprint cytology examination, +nonmalignant but abnormal findings were seen in 62 specimens (4.9%). These were +all due to benign processes. After reexamination, the accuracy, sensitivity, +specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false-positive +rate, false-negative rate of imprint preparations were 98.1, 96.9, 98.4, 92.8, +99.3, 1.6, 3.1%, respectively. +CONCLUSION: Imprint cytology is valuable tool for evaluating TRUS-guided core +needle biopsy specimens from the prostate. Use of imprint cytology in combination +with histopathology increases diagnostic accuracy when compared with +histopathologic assessment alone. + +© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23187 +PMID: 24964902 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +535. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2014 Oct;66(8):367-75. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.05.003. Epub +2014 Jun 17. + +Histopathologic, biochemical and genotoxic investigations on chronic sodium +nitrite toxicity in mice. + +Özen H(1), Kamber U(2), Karaman M(3), Gül S(4), Atakişi E(5), Özcan K(6), Atakişi +O(7). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, +Kars, Turkey. Electronic address: hasanozen@hotmail.com. +(2)Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey. +(3)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, +Kars, Turkey. +(4)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Art and Science, +Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey. +(5)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, +Kars, Turkey. +(6)School of Health, University of Uşak, Uşak, Turkey. +(7)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Kafkas University, +Kars, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long term Sodium nitrite +(NaNO2) consumption. Swiss albino mice were given NaNO2 (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day) +as mixed in feed for 8 months. At the end of treatments, animals were sacrificed +and selected organs were processed for histopathologic, imunohistochemical, +biochemical and genotoxic investigations. Mild to moderate degenerative changes +were observed in liver, kidney, intestine, lung and spleen of NaNO2-given mice. +Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine activities increased in liver +and kidney of NaNO2-given mice. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen activity +increased in liver. Apoptotic cell death was observed in livers of the treatment +groups. Liver malondialdehyde level was higher in the treatment groups while no +change was seen in kidney. Nitric oxide levels in both liver and kidney of the +treatment groups were lower than those of the control group. In genotoxic +investigations, the number of chromosome and chromatid breaks, chromatid +association, and polyploidy increased while mitotic index decreased in +NaNO2-given mice. The results showed that NaNO2 would cause histopathologic +changes, nitrosative tissue damage, and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney, +as well as induce chromosomal aberrations even if it was given at low levels for +long time. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.05.003 +PMID: 24947405 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +536. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2015 Feb;34(1):70-2. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.925019. +Epub 2014 Jun 19. + +Teratoid Wilms' tumor exhibiting extensive squamous differentiation. + +Karakuş E(1), Senayli A, Özcan F, Demir AH, Tiryaki T, Özyörük D, Emir S. + +Author information: +(1)1Pathology Department, Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Research and +Training Hospital , Ankara , Turkey. + +Teratoid Wilms' tumor is a rare renal tumor. Herein, we report an unusual variant +of such tumor which simulated renal teratoma because of abundant keratinized +squamous epithelium within the tumor. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.925019 +PMID: 24946081 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +537. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2014 Apr-Jun;57(2):301-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.134724. + +Intraosseous angiolipoma of the frontal bone with a unique location: a clinical +and pathological case illustration and review of the literature. + +Atilgan AO(1), Terzi A, Agildere M, Caner H, Ozdemir BH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University, School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Here, we report a case of a 16-year-old female patient was referred with scalp +swelling and headache. Her neurological examination was normal and imaging of the +skull revealed a well-defined lytic lesion measuring 15 mm × 6 mm to the right of +the frontal bone. She was operated on with a prediagnosis of Langerhans cell +histiocytosis. A wide excision with negative margins was made and the defect was +reconstructed with a titanium plate. Subsequently, the lesion was +histopathologically diagnosed as an angiolipoma of the frontal bone. The +postoperative period was uneventful and she remained well during 1-year follow-up +with no evidence of recurrence. Angiolipomas are rare benign lipomatous lesions +located mostly in subcutaneous tissue of the forearm or trunk and frequently +occur before puberty or in young adults. They are not common in bones. To the +best of our knowledge, this is the first angiolipoma of the frontal bone +reported. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.134724 +PMID: 24943772 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +538. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2014 Sep;10(3):395-400. doi: 10.1007/s12024-014-9575-2. +Epub 2014 Jun 18. + +Can early myocardial infarction-related deaths be diagnosed using postmortem +urotensin receptor expression levels? + +Sener MT(1), Karakus E, Halici Z, Akpinar E, Topcu A, Kok AN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Ataturk University School of Medicine, 25240, +Erzurum, Turkey, talipsener@gmail.com. + +Comment in + Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2015 Mar;11(1):142. + +PURPOSE: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most prevalent causes of sudden +adult death. It is difficult to diagnose early MI postmortem because there are no +typical or characteristic changes in morphology. In this study, changes in the +level of the mRNA for the urotensin receptor (UR) were investigated postmortem to +determine the suitability of UR as a biomarker for diagnosis of early MI after +death. +METHODS: An MI rat model was developed by injecting rats with isoproterenol (ISO) +(lethal dose 850 mg/kg) or normal saline (control group). The hearts of rats in +the control and ISO-induced MI groups were harvested at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, +and 72 h (h) postmortem. The hearts were then immediately submerged in 1 mL of +RNA stabilization solution and stored at 4 °C for <1 week before RNA extraction. +Relative UR expression analysis was performed using the StepOne Plus Real Time +PCR System with cDNA synthesized from rat heart. +RESULTS: Postmortem UR mRNA expression was higher in the ISO-induced MI group +than in the control group, at both 4 and 20 °C, at all of the time points +examined except 72 h postmortem (p < 0.0001). The largest increases were observed +at ambient temperature and 6 h postmortem. +CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, increased postmortem UR expression could +serve as a biomarker to aid diagnosis of early MI. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12024-014-9575-2 +PMID: 24935436 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +539. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2014 Oct;66(8):361-5. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.008. Epub +2014 Jun 10. + +The effects of grape seed and colchicine on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic +damage in rats. + +Atasever A(1), Yaman D(2). + +Author information: +(1)Erciyes University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Kayseri, Turkey. +(2)Erciyes University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: dyguyaman@hotmail.com. + +This study aims to determine the effects of grape seed and colchicine on carbon +tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatic damage and on some serum biochemical +parameters. Sixty male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into +six groups (ten rats/group) and included the control group the group were given +isotonic sodium chloride (1 mL/kg b.w) intraperitonealy (i.p.), group 2 the group +treated i.p. injection of CCl4 (1.0 mL/kg b.w) in corn oil twice in the first +week, Groups 3 and 4 injected with CCl4 as described for group 2 and the rats +were orally given (100 mg/kg b.w) GSE and i.p. injected (10 μg/rat) with +colchicine for four weeks, respectively and groups 5 and 6 were the grape seed +and colchicine control groups in which rats were orally given grape seed (100 +mg/kg b.w) and i.p. injected with colchicine (10 μg/rat), respectively. Anorexia, +weight loss, motionlessness and hepatic colour variation at necropsy were +observed in groups 2, 3, and 4. Hyperemia, focal bleeding, fat degeneration, +changes ranging from degenerative to necrotic, increase in connective tissue +elements, pronounced in portal sites in particular, and infiltration of lymphoid +series cell observed in the livers of the rats in group 2, treated with CCl4. +Histological hepatic changes in the rats in group 3 and 4 were similar to those +in group 2. The levels of serum total protein, albumin and globulin decreased in +groups 2, 3, and 4, compared with groups 1, 5 and 6; aspartate transaminase (ALT) +activities increased. The lowest alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were in +groups 4 and 5. We concluded that GSE and colchicine have not sufficient +ameliorative effects to CCl4 induced acute hepatic damage. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.008 +PMID: 24925249 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +540. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014 Sep;35(3):197-200. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000096. + +Dental age assessment for different climatic regions. + +Cantekin K(1), Ercan Sekerci A, Peduk K, Delikan E, Ozakar Ílday N, Demirbuga S, +Miloglu O. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Pediatric dentistry; †Oral and maxillo-facial radiology, Faculty of +Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri; ‡Restorative dentistry, Faculty of +Dentistry, Atatürk University; §Restorative dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, +Erciyes University, Kayseri; and ∥Oral and maxillo-facial radiology, Faculty of +Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of several aspects of +climate, such as temperature and altitude, on dental maturation. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The total sample consisted of 944 panoramic radiographs +(473 Turkish children from Central Anatolia [228 girls and 245 boys] and 471 +Turkish children from Eastern Anatolia [222 girls and 249 boys]). The children +aged between 7.0 and 14.9 years. The radiographs were randomly selected from 2 +cities in Turkey, Kayseri and Erzurum. Independent t tests and paired t tests +were performed to compare sex, location, and age to determine the relationships +between tooth developments. +RESULTS: The Central Anatolian children were approximately 0.2 to 3.0 years more +advanced in dental maturity than the Eastern Anatolian subjects. +CONCLUSIONS: The development standards proposed by Demirjian are affected by +climatic factors. However, further research and detailed information to gather +data are needed. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000096 +PMID: 24918950 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +541. Cancer Cytopathol. 2014 Aug;122(8):604-10. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21434. Epub 2014 May +28. + +What is the malignancy risk for atypia of undetermined significance? Three years' +experience at a university hospital in Turkey. + +Gocun PU(1), Karakus E, Bulutay P, Akturk M, Akin M, Poyraz A. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) +provides uniform diagnostic terminology for communication between pathologists +and clinicians. Each diagnostic category is associated with a specific risk of +malignancy and a recommendation for its management. The indeterminate diagnostic +categories of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of +undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) present a major challenge for both +pathologists and clinicians. We report our institution's 3 years' experience with +the AUS/FLUS category and follow-up of these patients. +METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted for all thyroid fine-needle +aspirations (FNAs) between July 2010 and July 2013. During this period, 9242 +nodules from 4916 patients were reported according to the BSRTC guidelines. We +adopted the AUS terminology in our practice to refer to both AUS, and FLUS. +RESULTS: Of the 4916 patients, 347 (7%) were diagnosed as AUS. The malignancy +risk for patients who underwent surgical resection after initial diagnosis of AUS +was 22.8%, whereas that for patients who underwent a second FNA and surgical +resection was 36%. When we included patients with second FNA and without surgery, +the malignancy risk was 15.7%. +CONCLUSIONS: The malignancy risk for AUS reported in the present study is +consistent with those reported previously and is higher than those anticipated +according to the Bethesda System. This supports that a multimodal approach +(clinical, radiologic, and cytopathologic) is necessary for the management of +thyroid nodules diagnosed as AUS. Therefore, we suggest that the recommendation +for repeat FNA following an initial diagnosis of AUS should be based on a +multimodal approach for each particular patient. + +© 2014 American Cancer Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21434 +PMID: 24890894 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +542. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:597892. doi: 10.1155/2014/597892. Epub 2014 Apr 10. + +Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with fixed orthodontic +appliances. + +Atuğ Özcan SS(1), Ceylan I(1), Ozcan E(2), Kurt N(3), Dağsuyu IM(4), Canakçi +CF(5). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Atatürk University, 25240 +Erzurum, Turkey. +(2)Department of Periodontology, Oral Health Center, Gülhane Military Hospital, +06020 Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biochemstry, Faculty of Medical, Atatürk University, 25240 +Erzurum, Turkey. +(4)Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osman Gazi University, 26140 +Eskişehir, Turkey. +(5)Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, 25240 +Erzurum, Turkey. + +AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the changes in the levels of +interleukine-1 beta (IL-1 β ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α ), +malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in +saliva and IL-1 β , TNF- α , and NO in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples of +patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. +MATERIAL AND METHOD: The subject population consisted of 50 volunteers who were +in need of orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. GCF and +saliva samples were obtained from all individuals before treatment, at 1st month +of treatment and at 6th month of treatment. Periodontal clinical parameters were +measured. Samples were investigated to detect IL-1 β , TNF- α , and 8-OHdG levels +using ELISA method and NO and MDA levels using spectrophotometric method. +RESULTS: Since IL-1 β level detected in GCF at the 6th month of orthodontic +treatment is statistically significant according to baseline (P < 0.05), all +other biochemical parameters detected both in saliva and in GCF did not show any +significant change at any measurement periods. +CONCLUSION: Orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontic materials used in +orthodontic treatment do not lead to a change above the physiological limits that +is suggestive of oxidative damage in both GCF and saliva. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/597892 +PMCID: PMC4016902 +PMID: 24864131 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +543. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Jan;21(1):113-8. doi: 10.1007/s12253-014-9795-5. Epub 2014 +May 22. + +Accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in the evaluation of patients with +adnexal mass: retrospective analysis of 748 cases with multivariate regression +analysis. + +Basaran D(1), Salman MC, Boyraz G, Selcuk I, Usubutun A, Ozgul N, Yuce K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, +Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in the +evaluation of patients with adnexal mass and to define the clinicopathological +factors associated with misdiagnosis during frozen section evaluation. +METHODS: The clinicopathological data of patients who underwent exploratory +laparotomy for adnexal mass were reviewed. Results of the intraoperative frozen +section and permanent histology reports were compared. Univariate and +multivariate analyses were performed to reveal factors associated with +misdiagnosis. +RESULTS: The study group consisted of 748 patients. Of these patients, 509 +(68.0%) had benign, 43 (5.7%) had borderline, 196 (26.2%) had malignant +histological diagnosis at permanent section. The overall agreement between +intraoperative frozen section and permanent pathology was 96.8%. Twenty four out +of 745 cases (3.8%) were misdiagnosed by frozen section. Univariate analysis +showed that borderline histology (p < 0.0001) and tumor size larger than 10 cm (p += 0.012) were associated with misdiagnosis. According to multivariate analysis, +borderline histology (OR: 22.6, p < 0.0001) was the only independent predictor +for misdiagnosis during frozen examination. +CONCLUSION: The frozen section evaluation of the adnexal mass is highly accurate. +However, tumor size greater than 10 cm and borderline histology are the factors +that adversely influence the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section. +Clinicians must be aware of these pitfalls during intraoperative decision making +following frozen section report. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9795-5 +PMID: 24848925 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +544. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Aug;210(8):488-93. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.04.001. Epub +2014 Apr 18. + +The association between indirect bilirubin levels and liver fibrosis due to +chronic hepatitis C virus infection. + +Cengiz M(1), Yılmaz G(2), Ozenirler S(3). + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 06520 +Besevler, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: drmustafacen@gmail.com. +(2)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 06520 Besevler, +Ankara, Turkey. +(3)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, 06520 +Besevler, Ankara, Turkey. + +We proposed to evaluate the association between serum indirect bilirubin levels +and liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1b. Biopsy +proven CHC genotype 1b patients' demographics, clinical and histopathological +characteristics were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate +the clinical, laboratory and demographic features of the histologically proven +liver fibrosis in CHC patients. A total of 112 biopsy proven CHC genotype 1b +patients were enrolled into the study. Liver fibrosis scores were measured by +using Ishak fibrosis scores and were divided into two groups; fibrosis scores ≤ 2 +were categorized as mild fibrosis, 82 patients (73.2%), whereas fibrosis scores +>2 were categorized as advanced fibrosis group, 30 patients (26.8%). Patients +with advanced fibrosis had lower indirect bilirubin levels than the mild fibrosis +group (0.28 ± 0.02 mg/dl vs. 0.44 ± 0.032 mg/dl, p<0.001, respectively). Indirect +bilirubin level was negatively correlated with advanced fibrosis scores (r=-0.416 +and p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, low indirect +bilirubin level was an independent predicting factor of advanced liver fibrosis +(OR: 0.001, 95% CI: 0.0-0.005, p<0.001). There is an inverse relationship between +indirect bilirubin levels and advanced liver fibrosis caused by CHC genotype 1b. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.04.001 +PMID: 24842533 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +545. Pathol Oncol Res. 2015 Jan;21(1):119-22. doi: 10.1007/s12253-014-9796-4. Epub +2014 May 20. + +The guidance of intraoperative frozen section for staging surgery in endometrial +carcinoma: frozen section in endometrial carcinoma. + +Acikalin A(1), Gumurdulu D, Bagir EK, Torun G, Guzel AB, Zeren H, Vardar MA. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Cukurova University, School of Medicine, 01330, Saricam, +Adana, Turkey, arbilavci@yahoo.com. + +The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of an intraoperative +frozen section during the endometrial carcinoma staging surgery procedure. The +paraffin section reports of 291 cases with endometrial carcinoma were compared +with intraoperative frozen section reports, which were diagnosed in the Pathology +Department of Cukurova University, Medical Faculty between June 2006 and December +2012. The reports were reviewed for diagnostic accuracy of the frozen section in +terms of histological subtype, grade, and myometrial invasion. Concordance values +between frozen and paraffin section reports were 86, 84.3, and 91.6% for +histological subtype, grade, and myometrial invasion, respectively. When +collectively evaluated, two (0.7%) of 291 patients were inappropriately operated +on due to frozen section reports. Intraoperative frozen section is a reliable +guide for surgeons to evaluate the risk group of patients with endometrial cancer +and prevent an unnecessary staging surgery operation. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9796-4 +PMID: 24841913 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +546. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Sep;210(9):554-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.03.003. Epub +2014 Mar 30. + +Significance of the cribriform pattern in prostatic adenocarcinomas. + +Sarbay BC(1), Kir G(2), Topal CS(2), Gumus E(3). + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. Electronic address: billurcosan@hotmail.com. +(2)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. +(3)Urology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: There is now increased understanding that invasive cribriform +carcinoma is a relatively aggressive disease. In some recent publications, the +recommendation is that all cribriform patterns be classified as Gleason pattern +(GP) 4 rather than GP 3. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed the cribriform foci (CF) associated with the +more definitive patterns 3, 4, and 5 elsewhere on the 185 radical prostatectomy +specimens and evaluated the association of the cribriform pattern with +extraprostatic extension, surgical margin. +RESULTS: CF were more frequently observed in cases with definitive patterns 4 and +5 than in cases with pattern 3 (all cases with pattern 5 exhibited CF). Cases +with Gleason score 3+3 and CF were more frequently associated with extraprostatic +extension, and a positive surgical margin. +CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that diagnosing all cribriform patterns as +at least GP 4 would significantly affect further therapeutic options and +prognosis. However, as many of these modifications are empirical and supported by +only a few studies, long-term follow-up studies with clinical endpoints are +necessary to validate these recommendations. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.03.003 +PMID: 24831265 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +547. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2014 Aug;66(5-6):267-75. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.002. Epub +2014 May 6. + +The effects of orchidectomy on toxicological responses to dietary ochratoxin A in +Wistar rats. + +Mor F(1), Kilic MA(2), Ozmen O(3), Yilmaz M(4), Eker I(5), Uran K(6). + +Author information: +(1)Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of +Pharmacology and Toxicology, 15030 Burdur, Turkey. Electronic address: +fmor@mehmetakif.edu.tr. +(2)Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology +Section, 07058 Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: mkilic@akdeniz.edu.tr. +(3)Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, +15030 Burdur, Turkey. Electronic address: ozlemozmen@mehmetakif.edu.tr. +(4)Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology +Section, 07058 Antalya, Turkey; Akdeniz University, Faculty of Aquaculture, +Department of Fishery, 07058 Antalya, Turkey. Electronic address: +myilmaz@akdeniz.edu.tr. +(5)Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 07058 Antalya, +Turkey. +(6)Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology +Section, 07058 Antalya, Turkey; Ministry of Agriculture, State Food Safety +Laboratory, Antalya, Turkey. + +Ochratoxin A (OTA) causes pathological lesions in the organs of animals. Males +are more sensitive to OTA exposure than females but the reasons for this are +unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the role of testosterone in +male rats with OTA-related pathogenesis. To test the effect of testosterone on +OTA toxicity, the testes of a group of rats were surgically removed. Male and +female rats (approximately 300 and 200 g) were fed with OTA-contaminated feed +(initially approximately 300 μg kg(-1) b.w. per day) for 24 weeks. The organs of +all the animals were collected and their organ lesion pathology, caspase-3 +expression, OTA plasma and organ concentrations and total plasma testosterone +concentrations were evaluated. OTA treatment created serious lesions in the +kidney, liver and testes of rats. The major histopathological changes in the +kidney and liver were karyomegaly, hemorrhages and vacuolization. In the testes, +there was a marked decrease in the amount of spermatozoon. The degrees of organ +lesion were evaluated and the castrated males had the lowest kidney and liver +lesion scores, indicating that testosterone reduction in males dramatically +reduces OTA-related organ damage. The plasma OTA levels for the intact males, the +castrated and the females were 6.34, 8.42 and 12.5 μg ml(-1), respectively. In +conclusion, despite the similar plasma OTA levels of the intact and castrated +males, OTA is less toxic in the castrated males. Therefore, the well-known gender +specific toxicity of OTA seems to be related to the testosterone levels of rats. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.002 +PMID: 24813088 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +548. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:541709. doi: 10.1155/2014/541709. Epub 2014 Apr 2. + +Assessment of lipocalin 2, clusterin, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1, +interleukin-6, homocysteine, and uric acid levels in patients with psoriasis. + +Ataseven A(1), Kesli R(2), Kurtipek GS(1), Ozturk P(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Meram, 42023 +Konya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, +03200 Afyon, Turkey. +(3)Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, 46050 +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation may play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis. +Lipocalin 2, clusterin, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (sTNFR-1), +interleukin-6, homocysteine, and uric acid are inflammatory and/or biochemical +markers. However, both the roles of these markers and the pathogenesis of +psoriasis are unknown. +OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of lipocalin 2, +clusterin, sTNFR-1, interleukin-6, homocysteine, and uric acid in patients and +controls groups. +METHODS: Fifty-six patients with psoriasis and 33 healthy controls were included +in the study. Serum concentrations of the markers were evaluated by ELISA. The +Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was evaluated in all psoriasis patients. +Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight (kg) by height (m) +squared. +RESULTS: The serum value of lipocalin and sTNFR-1 were significantly higher in +psoriasis patients than in controls (resp., P < 0.001, P < 0.05). The others +showed no significant differences between psoriasis and the control groups (all +of them P > 0.05). The mean PASI score in the patient group was 8.3 ± 6.5. +CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that lipocalin 2 and sTNFR-1 might play a +role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and can be used as markers of the disease. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/541709 +PMCID: PMC3996950 +PMID: 24803721 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +549. J Oral Pathol Med. 2014 Oct;43(9):691-5. doi: 10.1111/jop.12182. Epub 2014 May 7. + +Serum Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokine profiles and alpha-enolase levels in recurrent +aphthous stomatitis. + +Ozyurt K(1), Celik A, Sayarlıoglu M, Colgecen E, Incı R, Karakas T, Kelles M, +Cetin GY. + +Author information: +(1)Dermatology Clinic, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: All aspects of aetiopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis +(RAS) have not been elucidated. RAS and Behçet's disease (BD) have clinical and +immunological characteristics in common. Although T17 cytokines and alpha-enolase +have been shown to play effective roles in BD and many other autoinflammatory +diseases recently, their roles in RAS have not been studied extensively. In the +present study, we investigated levels of several Th1, Th2 and Th17 pathways +related cytokines and alpha-enolase to elucidate pathogenesis of RAS and to +obtain data about possible treatment alternatives for the condition. +METHODS: Serum interleukin-1, interleukin-13, interleukin-17, interleukin-18, +interferon gamma and alpha-enolase levels in 24 patients with RAS, 30 patients +with BD and 20 healthy controls were measured. +RESULTS: Serum interleukin-1, interleukin-13, interleukin-17, interleukin-18, +interferon gamma and alpha-enolase levels were higher in patients with RAS and +patients with BD than in healthy controls (P < 0.005). +CONCLUSION: Like Th1 and Th2 cells, Th17 cells were found to be effective in +pathogenesis of RAS. In addition, alpha-enolase, the levels of which were high, +may play an important role in etio-pathogenesis of RAS. Further studies to be +designed in the light of these findings are required to shed light on +pathogenesis and treatment of the condition. + +© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12182 +PMID: 24801453 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +550. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:492537. doi: 10.1155/2014/492537. Epub 2014 Mar 25. + +Can CA-125 predict lymph node metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancers in Turkish +population? + +Sudolmuş S(1), Köroğlu N(1), Yıldırım G(2), Ülker V(2), Gülkılık A(2), Dansuk +R(1). + +Author information: +(1)Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi, Adnan Menderes Bulvarı (Vatan Caddesi), Fatih, +34093 Istanbul, Turkey. +(2)Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Teaching Hospital, Atakent Mh. 1. Cd, +Küçükçekmece, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The role of single preoperative serum CA-125 levels in predicting +pelvic or paraaortic lymph node metastasis in patients operated for epithelial +ovarian cancer has been investigated. +METHODS: 176 patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian carcinoma after staging +laparotomy between January 2002 and May 2010 were evaluated retrospectively. +RESULTS: The mean, geometric mean, and median of preoperative serum CA-125 levels +were 632,6, 200,29, and 191,5 U/mL, respectively. The cut-off value predicting +lymph node metastases in the ROC curve was 71,92 U/mL, which is significant in +logistic regression analysis (P = 0.005). The preoperative log CA-125 levels were +also statistically significant in predicting lymph node metastasis in logistic +regression analysis (P = 0.008). +CONCLUSIONS: The tumor marker CA-125, which increases with grade independent of +the effect of stage in EOC, is predictive of lymph node metastasis with a high +rate of false positivity in Turkish population. The high false positive rate may +obscure the predictive value of CA-125. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/492537 +PMCID: PMC3984847 +PMID: 24795494 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +551. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014 Jun;35(2):89-95. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000088. + +The postman always rings twice: two cases of shotgun deaths associated with an +unconventional home security alarm system. + +Asirdizer M(1), Turkmen N, Akan O, Yavuz MS. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil +University, Van; †Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag +University; ‡Mortuary Section of Bursa Branch, Council of Forensic Medicine, +Bursa; and §Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar +University, Manisa, Turkey. + +Injury and death cases caused by booby traps are not common in forensic medicine +practice. Besides, installation of booby traps including firearms is generally +for suicidal and rarely for homicidal purposes. Although few patents were +described about home security alarm system that were created by firearms in the +United States, 1 sample of injury with a similar unconventional mechanism of home +safety system was reported by Asirdizer and Yavuz in 2009. In the published case +report, the story of an electrical technician who was invited to a summer house +by the homeowner to check the home security alarm system was reported. In the +so-called report, he was stated to be injured by the shotgun attached to the +unconventional home security alarm system while checking the system. As a result, +the homeowner was convicted of a possible intent to cause a life-threatening +injury to the technician.The so-called homeowner and his wife died by the same +shotgun attached to the same unconventional home security alarm system 4 years on +from the first event. In the present case report, we have aimed to present the +findings of the crime scene and the autopsies of these unusual 2 deaths and to +discuss individual and legal factors in paving the way for the deaths of 2 +people. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000088 +PMID: 24781392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +552. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:108106. doi: 10.1155/2014/108106. Epub 2014 Mar 20. + +Potential novel biomarkers for diabetic testicular damage in +streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: nerve growth factor Beta and vascular +endothelial growth factor. + +Sisman AR(1), Kiray M(2), Camsari UM(3), Evren M(4), Ates M(5), Baykara B(6), +Aksu I(2), Guvendi G(7), Uysal N(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. +(2)Department of Physiology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey ; +Division of Behavioral Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, +Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA ; +Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic Health System, Waycross, GA 31501, USA. +(4)College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Ege +University Bornova, 35920 Izmir, Turkey. +(5)College of Vocational School of Health Services, School of Medicine, Dokuz +Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. +(6)College of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, +Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. +(7)Department of Physiology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: It is well known that diabetes mellitus may cause testicular damage. +Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor beta (NGF-β) +are important neurotrophic factors for male reproductive system. +OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the correlation between testicular damage and +testicular VEGF and NGF-β levels in diabetic rats. +METHODS: Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 45 mg/kg/i.p.) in adult +rats. Five weeks later testicular tissue was removed; testicular VEGF and NGF-β +levels were measured by ELISA. Testicular damage was detected by using +hematoxylin and eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining, and apoptosis +was identified by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end +labeling (TUNEL). Seminiferous tubular sperm formation was evaluated using +Johnsen's score. +RESULTS: In diabetic rats, seminiferous tubule diameter was found to be +decreased; basement membrane was found to be thickened in seminiferous tubules +and degenerated germ cells. Additionally, TUNEL-positive cells were increased in +number of VEGF+ cells and levels of VEGF and NGF-β were decreased in diabetic +testes. Correlation between VEGF and NGF-β levels was strong. +CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the decrease of VEGF and NGF-β levels is +associated with the increase of the apoptosis and testicular damage in diabetic +rats. Testis VEGF and NGF-β levels could be potential novel biomarkers for +diabetes induced testicular damage. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/108106 +PMCID: PMC3977428 +PMID: 24771956 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +553. Cytopathology. 2015 Feb;26(1):57-9. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12134. Epub 2014 Feb 7. + +Utility of on-site cytological examination and cell block preparation in thyroid +fine needle aspiration biopsy of metastatic carcinoma: report of two cases. + +Guresci S(1), Ozmen O, Ertugrul DT, Demirag F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12134 +PMID: 24750365 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +554. APMIS. 2014 Dec;122(12):1167-70. doi: 10.1111/apm.12275. Epub 2014 Apr 16. + +Evaluation of antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and line +immunoassay methods': four years' data from Turkey. + +Sener AG(1), Afsar I, Demirci M. + +Author information: +(1)Ataturk Training and Research Hospital Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Izmir +Katip Celebi University, Yesilyurt, Izmir, Turkey. + +The presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), directed against intracellular +antigens, is a hallmark of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The indirect +immunofluorescence (IIF) assay is among the most commonly used routine methods +for ANA detection as the screening test. The objective of the study was to +evaluate ANA patterns in a 4-year period retrospectively. All 19 996 serum +samples that were sent to the Laboratory of Medical Microbiology of the tertiary +Hospital by any hospital department between 1 January 2009 and 1 January 2013 +with a request to test for ANA, anti-ENA or both were included in the study. Of +these samples, 4375 (21.9%) were ANA-IIF-positive and 15621 (78.1%) were +ANA-IIF-negative. The presented ANA-positive samples consisted of 2392 (54.67%) +homogenous, 818 (18.70%) speckled, 396 (9.05%) centromere, 242 (5.53%) nucleolar, +213 (4.87%) nuclear dots, 178 (4.07%) cytoplasmic (except for actin and golgi), +24 (0.55%) actin, 9 (0.21%) golgi, 53 (1.21%) nuclear membrane and 50 (1.14%) +mixed pattern. Totally 7800 samples were examined by LIA. Of these samples, 3440 +were positive and 4307 were negative with IIF and LIA. In addition, 22 samples +were detected as IIF-positive but LIA-negative, whereas the rest 31 samples were +IIF-negative but LIA-positive. ANA patterns in 22 IIF-positive samples were +homogenous (9), speckled (5), golgi (4), cytoplasmic (3) and nucleolar (1). +SSA/Ro-52, SSB/La and Scl-70 positivity were detected in 31 +IIF-negative/LIA-positive samples by LIA. The present study comes forward with +its overall scope, which covers 4-year data obtained in tertiary hospital located +in the western part of Turkey. + +© 2014 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12275 +PMID: 24735346 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +555. Histol Histopathol. 2014 Oct;29(10):1305-13. doi: 10.14670/HH-29.1305. Epub 2014 +Apr 14. + +The effects of dexpanthenol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: +histological, histochemical and immunological evidences. + +Gulle K(1), Ceri NG(2), Akpolat M(3), Arasli M(4), Demirci B(5). + +Author information: +(1)Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Zonguldak, Turkey. kanatgulle@beun.edu.tr. +(2)Adnan Menderes University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anatomy, Aydin, +Turkey. +(3)Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Zonguldak, Turkey. +(4)Bulent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Department of Immunology, +Zonguldak, Turkey. +(5)Adnan Menderes University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Aydin, +Turkey. + +This study was designed to investigate the effects of Dexpanthenol (Dxp) on liver +and pancreas histology and cytokine levels in streptozotocine (STZ)-induced +diabetic rats. Twenty-four Wistar albino male rats were divided into four groups: +control, Dxp, STZ-induced diabetic (STZ) and diabetic treatment with Dexpanthenol +(STZ-Dxp) groups. Experimental diabetes was induced by single dose STZ (50 mg/kg) +intraperitoneally (i.p.). After administration of STZ, the STZ-Dxp group began to +receive a 300 mg/kg/day i.p. dose of Dxp for 6 weeks. Liver and pancreas tissues +of the control group were in normal morphology. Liver tissue of STZ group showed +vacuolisation of hepatocytes in the liver parenchyma with enlargement of +sinusoidal spaces and increasing amounts of connective tissue in the portal area. +Pancreatic section of STZ group displayed β-cells with of cytoplasmic mass, +reduction of islet size, and atrophy. The STZ-Dxp group that received Dxp +treatment exhibit partially normal hepatic parenchyma. Histochemical examinations +revealed that the diabetes-induced glycogen depletion markedly improved with the +Dxp treatment (p⟨0.001). The severity of degenerative alteration was lessened by +Dxp supplementation in the STZ-Dxp group. Induction of STZ presented a +significant increase both in interleukin-1α (IL-1α) (p=0.033) and monocyte +chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) (p=0.011) levels, when compared with the control +rats. DXP-treated diabetic rats' IL-1α and MCP-1 levels were similar to control +value. This evidence suggests that Dxp is effective in reducing STZ-induced, +diabetic-related complications and may be beneficial for the treatment of +diabetic patients. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-29.1305 +PMID: 24733664 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +556. Folia Neuropathol. 2014;52(1):101-5. + +Does "cerebellar liponeurocytoma" always reflect an expected site? An unusual +case with a review of the literature. + +Karabagli P(1), Sav A, Pamir N. + +Author information: +(1)Pinar Karabagli, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Selcuk +University, Selcuklu, 42075, Konya, Turkey, phone: +90 332 241 50 00, fax: +90 +332 241 60 65, e-mail: pinarkarabagli@yahoo.com. + +A rare tumour, cerebellar liponeurocytoma, is classified into glioneuronal +tumours under the 2000 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours +of the central nervous system. The current 2007 WHO classification, therefore, +assigns grade II to the cerebellar liponeurocytoma. Tumours are predominantly +localized in cerebellar hemispheres, and the second most common location is the +vermis. To date, approximately 40 reported cases of cerebellar and 10 cases of +supratentorial intraventricular liponeurocytoma have been reported. In this +report, an unusual case of cerebellar liponeurocytoma was presented with +extracerebellar location. In the future tumour classification, it should be +considered that liponeurocytomas are not restricted only to the cerebellum, but +they are located in supratentorial areas as well. + + +PMID: 24729347 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +557. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Sep;210(9):565-70. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.03.006. Epub +2014 Mar 27. + +Tumor deposits in gastric carcinomas. + +Ersen A(1), Unlu MS(2), Akman T(3), Sagol O(2), Oztop I(3), Atila K(4), Bora +S(4), Ellidokuz H(5), Sarioglu S(2). + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department, Turkey. +Electronic address: aycaersen@gmail.com. +(2)Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Department, Turkey. +(3)Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, +Turkey. +(4)Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, +Turkey. +(5)Dokuz Eylul University, Institute of Oncology, Turkey. + +We performed this study to examine the prevalence of tumor deposits (TD) in +gastric adenocarcinomas (GACa), and the relevance of their presence, size and +type to clinical outcome. Ninety-six patients, histopathologically diagnosed as +GACa following a total/subtotal gastrectomy were included, and clinicopathologic +data were recorded. Due to the statistical analysis, the majority of TD(+) cases +were of intestinal type and showed vascular invasion. In these cases, the +incidence of local recurrence was significantly higher. The majority of GACa of +intestinal type with TD were of high grade and showed vascular invasion. +Recurrence and death were more commonly encountered among them. The +recurrence-free survival (RFS) was significantly shorter in patients with TDs, +which was also confirmed by multivariate analysis, and there was a significant +difference between both RFS and overall survival of TD(+) and TD(-) cases of +intestinal type GACa. In conclusion, in this study, we demonstrate that TDs are +not infrequently observed in GACa, they are more commonly associated with the +intestinal type and vascular invasive gastric cancers. Our study shows the +prognostic impact of TDs, especially regarding the RFS. Therefore, the +documentation of TDs might be considered for prospective studies, especially for +the intestinal type GACa, a shortcoming of this study. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.03.006 +PMID: 24726262 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +558. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Jul;210(7):419-25. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.02.011. Epub +2014 Mar 18. + +Investigation of diagnostic utility and expression profiles of stem cell markers +(CD133 and CD90) in hepatocellular carcinoma, small cell dysplasia, and +cirrhosis. + +Yilmaz G(1), Akyol G(2), Cakir A(2), Ilhan M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. Electronic address: drguldal@yahoo.com. +(2)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. +(3)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Ankara, +Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to investigate the expression rates of CD133 and CD90 +in cirrhosis-dysplastic nodule-HCC (Crh-DN-HCC) sequence related to the etiologic +background. Thirty-five HCC, 8 small cell dysplasia (SCD), and 63 cases of +cirrhosis having different etiologies were collected. Immunohistochemical +expressions of CD133 and CD90 were evaluated. CD133 positivity was higher in HCC +cases with chronic hepatitis B and CD90 with chronic hepatitis C. The highest +staining rate was seen in poorly differentiated HCC cases. Only one SCD case and +almost half of the cirrhotic cases which were stained for CD133 were associated +with hepatitis B; none was stained for CD90. Increased CD133 expression indicated +a significantly shorter overall survival rate. No significant relationship was +detected between the expression rates of CD133 or CD90 and other parameters. In +this study, which investigates the immunohistochemical expression profiles of +CD133 and CD90 through Crh-DN-HCC sequence, the highest staining rate was +detected in HCC. It is rational to try to elucidate the earliest events in +hepatocarcinogenesis by studying SCD. It is important to be aware of this issue +in daily practice, which will provide a deeper insight into the understanding of +the effects of CSCs in the progression and management of HCC. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.02.011 +PMID: 24702884 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +559. Neuropathology. 2014 Oct;34(5):475-83. doi: 10.1111/neup.12122. Epub 2014 Apr 7. + +Aggressive rhabdoid meningioma with osseous, papillary and chordoma-like +appearance. + +Karabagli P(1), Karabagli H, Yavas G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, +Turkey. + +Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. They are usually +benign and slowly growing; however, they may show histologically malignant +features categorizing them into grade II or III of World Health Organization +(WHO) classification. Rhabdoid meningioma (RM) is an uncommon meningioma variant +categorized as WHO grade III. The clinical course of RM is determined by local +recurrences, invasion of adjacent brain and/or dura, widespread leptomeningeal +dissemination, remote metastases and fatal clinical outcome. Herein we report a +case with recurrent aggressive left occipital parasagittal region RM in which the +patient initially declined radiation treatment. The tumor was resected four times +in 5 years. Histopathological examination revealed a rhabdoid meningioma with +metaplastic, papillary and chordoid differentiation. Six months after her fourth +operation the patient died of progressive disease. RM is a rare subtype of +malignant meningioma and the role of different adjuvant therapeutic options are +still unknown. Clinical presentation, radiological features and pathologic +findings of this uncommon tumor are discussed. + +© 2014 Japanese Society of Neuropathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/neup.12122 +PMID: 24702318 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +560. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Jul;210(7):412-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.02.008. Epub +2014 Mar 12. + +The relation of beclin 1 and bcl-2 expressions in high grade prostatic +intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma: a tissue microarray study. + +Baspinar S(1), Bircan S(2), Orhan H(3), Kapucuoglu N(2), Bozkurt KK(2). + +Author information: +(1)Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. Electronic address: sirinbaspinar@gmail.com. +(2)Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. +(3)Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics +and Medical Information, Isparta, Turkey. + +The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expressions of beclin 1 and +bcl-2 in prostate cancer (PC) and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia +(HGPIN), and to investigate their relationship with clinicopathological +parameters. The study included 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 40 HGPIN +and 106 primary PC cases. The expressions of beclin 1 and bcl-2 were assessed +semiquantitatively based on both the percentage and intensity of positive +staining cells. Beclin 1 was positive in 27 (90%) BPH, 37 (92.5%) HGPIN, and 90 +(84.9%) PC cases (p>0.05). Bcl-2 immunostaining was detected in 99 (93.4%) PC, 37 +(92.5%) HGPIN, and 9 (30%) BPH cases (p<0.0001). Regarding expression scores, +beclin 1 was significantly lower in PC cases than in the HGPIN and BPH groups +(p<0.0001), and it was also negatively correlated with Gleason score (p=0.004, +r=-0.274). Bcl-2 expression score was significantly higher in PC than in the +other groups (p<0.0001), and also positively correlated with Gleason score +(p<0.0001, r=0.425). Furthermore, a negative correlation was found between bcl-2 +and beclin 1 expression scores in PC cases (p=0.006, r=-0.265). Our results +suggest an association between bcl-2 and beclin 1 expressions in malignant +transformation of prostate tissue and also in regulating PC cell differentiation, +progression and the aggressiveness of PC. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.02.008 +PMID: 24690321 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +561. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Jul;210(7):426-31. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.02.009. Epub +2014 Mar 12. + +Septin 7 immunoexpression in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a preliminary study. + +Igci YZ(1), Erkilic S(2), Arslan A(3). + +Author information: +(1)University of Gaziantep, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, +Gaziantep, Turkey. Electronic address: igci@gantep.edu.tr. +(2)University of Gaziantep, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Gaziantep, Turkey. +(3)University of Gaziantep, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, +Gaziantep, Turkey. + +Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type among thyroid cancers. +The diagnosis of PTC may be challenging when follicular variant (FVPTC) of this +disease is present due to the resemblance of nuclear properties of the classical +type (CVPTC). However, making use of ancillary molecular markers in the diagnosis +of PTC may help. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the SEPT7 protein expression +in PTC. A total of 55 paraffin block tissue samples comprising encapsulated FVPTC +(FVPTC(e), n=25), and CVPTC (n=15), and benign hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules +(HypN, n=15) were used in this study. Nuclear, cytoplasmic, and overall (total) +SEPT7 protein expression levels were determined by using immunohistochemistry. +Nuclear, cytoplasmic, and overall SEPT7 expressions (p=0.02, p=0.001, p=0.002, +respectively) were significantly lower in FVPTC(e) tissues when compared to HypN. +In CVPTC group, nuclear expression was significantly lower (p=0.004) while +overall and cytoplasmic expressions were not changed (p>0.05). In HypN group, +highest nuclear (mean=2.73), cytoplasmic (mean=2.86), and overall (mean=2.86) +expression scores were detected. Significantly lower SEPT7 expression in all +expressional categories in FVPTC(e) group may be a sign of different molecular +signature in this type of tissue. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.02.009 +PMID: 24685401 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +562. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014 Jun;33(3):196-7. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.898722. +Epub 2014 Mar 27. + +The evaluation of inflammatory markers in umbilical cord blood. + +Aydin I(1), Aydin FN, Agilli M. + +Author information: +(1)1Department of Biochemistry, Sarikamis Military Hospital, Kars, Turkey. + +Comment on + Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014 Apr;33(2):114-8. + +We have read with great interest the article by Lausten-Thomsen et al. entitled +"Inflammatory Markers in Umbilical Cord Blood from Small-For-Gestational-Age +Newborns" in which they report Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α +(TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in umbilical cord blood from +small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and healthy newborns. In this regard, we would +like to make some additions to paper in respect to interpretations of biochemical +markers. Normal CRP concentration in healthy human serum is usually lower than 10 +mg/L, slightly increasing with aging. Acute inflammatory response causes release +of IL-6 and other cytokines that trigger the synthesis of CRP by the liver. In +this article, IL-6 levels reported as elevated but CRP levels have remained in +normal range. In this situation, increasing in IL-6 levels should be approached +suspiciously. Although decreased TNF-α level was compatible with IL-6 levels, +increased IL-6 levels did not cause CRP elevation in this study. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.898722 +PMID: 24673641 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +563. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2014 Jun;18(3):191. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.01.004. +Epub 2014 Feb 4. + +Prostatic tissue in testicular teratoma. + +Kilicaslan I(1), Gulluoglu MG(2), Ozluk Y(2), Onat E(2), Cakir E(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University +Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: isinkilicaslan@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Comment on + Ann Diagn Pathol. 2013 Feb;17(1):10-3. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2014.01.004 +PMID: 24602990 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +564. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014 Jun;33(3):176-81. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.890259. +Epub 2014 Mar 6. + +Giant cervıcal polyp with mesonephric duct remnants: unusual cause of vaginal +bleeding in an adolescent girl. + +Soyer T(1), Demirdağ G, Güçer S, Orhan D, Karnak I. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Surgery , Ankara , Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Cervical polyps (CP) are quite common in adults, they are extremely +rare in children and adolescents. CP containing mesonephric duct remnants (MDR) +are few millimeters in size and seldom grossly visible. +CASE: A 14-year-old female admitted with massive vaginal bleeding with an intact +wide hymeneal opening. Pelvic MRI revealed 47 mm × 25 mm × 35 mm polypoid mass +originating from the endometrial cavity. During vaginoscopy, a polypoid mass was +detected at 9 o'clock position of right lip of ectocervix and was totally +excised. Light microscopy showed CP including small round or branched glands +containing inspissated eosinophilic secretions and patchy chronic inflammatory +infiltrate. The patient was diagnosed as gaint CP containing MDR. +CONCLUSION: Giant CP is an uncommon variant of classical polyps and exhibit +distinct clinical and pathologic features. However, MDR are benign lesions of +cervix, detailed histopathological evaluation should be performed to all CP to +differentiate malignant lesions. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.890259 +PMID: 24601846 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +565. Dis Markers. 2014;2014:269362. doi: 10.1155/2014/269362. Epub 2014 Jan 29. + +New markers: urine xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase in the early detection of +urinary tract infection. + +Ciragil P(1), Kurutas EB(2), Miraloglu M(3). + +Author information: +(1)Yasamlab Laboratory, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Guzelevler Mahallesi +Papatya Sokak Mobilyacılar Sitesi 6, Blok No. 13, Yuregir, 01220 Adana, Turkey. +(2)Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 46050, +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +(3)Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, 01050, +Adana, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate if xanthine oxidase and +myeloperoxidase levels quantitation method may alternate routine culture method, +which takes more time in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five hundred and forty-nine outpatients who had admitted to +Clinic Microbiology Laboratory were included in the study. The microorganisms +were identified by using VITEK System. The urine specimens that were negative +from the quantitative urine culture were used as controls. The activities of MPO +and XO in spot urine were measured by spectrophotometric method. +RESULTS: Through the urine cultures, 167 bacteria were isolated from 163 urine +specimens; 386 cultures yielded no bacterial growth. E. coli was the most +frequent pathogen. In infection with E. coli both XO and MPO levels were +increased the most. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and +negative predictive value for XO were 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. +These values for MPO were 87%, 100%, 100%, and 94%, respectively. +CONCLUSION: These data obtained suggest that urine XO and MPO levels may be new +markers in the early detection of UTI. + +DOI: 10.1155/2014/269362 +PMCID: PMC3925617 +PMID: 24591758 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +566. Diagn Cytopathol. 2014 Oct;42(10):856-62. doi: 10.1002/dc.23140. Epub 2014 Mar 3. + +Cytomorphological features of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor: an account of 12 +years' experience. + +Güner G(1), Önder S, Söylemezoğlu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), an aggressive neoplasm mostly affecting +young children, is characterized by rhabdoid cells together with epithelial, +mesenchymal and primitive differentiation. Diagnosing AT/RT in intraoperative +consultation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples may therefore pose problems. +Fourteen immunohistochemically proven AT/RTs diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 were +collected. Material consisted of squash smears prepared during intraoperative +consultation (thirteen) and CSF smears (three). MGG-stained CSF smears and H&E +stained squash smears were reviewed by a neuropathologist and a cytopathologist. +The intraoperative diagnoses were based on squash preparations and 3 out of 13 +were consistent with AT/RT, 4 were considered medulloblastoma/primitive +neuroectodermal tumors (PNET), 3 were deferred to paraffin section for tumor +typing, and another 3 were misdiagnosed as ependymoma, germinoma and malignant +glioma. Morphological assessment of intraoperative squash preparations showed +that AT/RTs can have a mixture of pseudopapillary and diffuse smearing patterns. +Cytomorphologic features consisted of characteristic rhabdoid cells (8/9); +primitive appearing cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio (7/9); +bi-/multinucleated cells (3/9); rare necrosis/apoptosis and mitoses. Three CSF +smears showed high cellularity and inclusion-bearing large cells. These cells are +characterized by reniform/oval, eccentrically placed nuclei with cytoplasmic +perinuclear light stained areas which are not seen in intraoperative squash +preparations. Differential diagnosis of AT/RT in cytology involves +medulloblastoma/PNET, ependymoma, glioma and germinoma among all others. +Overlapping features of AT/RT with entities in differential diagnosis are +discussed with a special emphasis of rhabdoid cells being the strongest feature +to aid in reaching the diagnosis of AT/RT. + +© 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.23140 +PMID: 24585772 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +567. Histol Histopathol. 2014 Aug;29(8):977-89. doi: 10.14670/HH-29.977. Epub 2014 Feb +27. + +New insights into FAK function and regulation during spermatogenesis. + +Gungor-Ordueri NE(1), Mruk DD(1), Wan HT(1), Wong EW(1), Celik-Ozenci C(2), Lie +PP(1), Cheng CY(3). + +Author information: +(1)The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for +Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, USA. +(2)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. +(3)The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for +Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, USA. +Y-Cheng@popcbr.rockefeller.edu OR ccheng@rockefeller.edu. + +Germ cell transport across the seminiferous epithelium during the epithelial +cycle is crucial to spermatogenesis, although molecular mechanism(s) that +regulate these events remain unknown. Studies have shown that spatiotemporal +expression of crucial regulatory proteins during the epithelial cycle represents +an efficient and physiologically important mechanism to regulate spermatogenesis +without involving de novo synthesis of proteins and/or expression of genes. +Herein, we critically review the role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in +coordinating the transport of spermatids and preleptotene spermatocytes across +the epithelium and the BTB, respectively, along the apical ectoplasmic +specialization (ES) - blood-testis barrier - basement membrane (BM) functional +axis during spermatogenesis. In the testis, p-FAK-Tyr³⁸⁷ and +p-FAK-Tyr⁴⁰⁷ are spatiotemporally expressed during the +epithelial cycle at the actin-rich anchoring junction known as ES, regulating +cell adhesion at the Sertoli-spermatid (apical ES) and Sertoli cell-cell (basal +ES) interface. Phosphorylated forms of FAK exert their effects by regulating the +homeostasis of F-actin at the ES, mediated via their effects on actin +polymerization so that microfilaments are efficiently re-organized, such as from +their "bundled" to "de-bundled/branched" configuration and vice versa during the +epithelial cycle to facilitate the transport of: (i) spermatids across the +epithelium, and (ii) preleptotene spermatocytes across the BTB. In summary, +p-FAK-Tyr⁴⁰⁷ and p-FAK-Tyr³⁸⁷ are important +regulators of spermatogenesis which serve as molecular switches that turn "on" +and "off" adhesion function at the apical ES and the basal ES/BTB, mediated via +their spatiotemporal expression during the epithelial cycle. A hypothetical model +depicting the role of these two molecular switches is also proposed. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-29.977 +PMCID: PMC4139008 +PMID: 24578181 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +568. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2014 May-Jun;23(3):178-80. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2014.01.005. +Epub 2014 Jan 17. + +Cardiac metastasis from a urothelial cell carcinoma: a commented case report. + +Yamac AH(1), Insanic D(2), Bockmeyer C(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Bezmialem Foundation University, Istanbul, Turkey. +Electronic address: haticeyamac80@yahoo.de. +(2)Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Clinic Erlangen, Germany. +(3)Department of Pathology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany. + +We present a case of a middle-aged male patient who was admitted to our +institution because of the supposed diagnosis of endocarditis/myocarditis. +Echocardiographic findings revealed cystic mass in the left myocardial wall as +well as floating structures at the lateral papillary muscle, mimicking +endocarditis/myocarditis. Due to progressive urinary retention and clinical signs +of a beginning ileus, an abdominal and thoracic computed tomographic scan was +performed, which demonstrated a large diverticle of the urinary bladder with +expansive tumorous wall mass. One week later, the patient died of acute +cardiorespiratory failure. On autopsy, the tumorous mass in the urinary bladder +with large carcinosis of the peritoneum and multiple left and right ventricular +metastases were confirmed; the histological analysis indicated a less +differentiated urothelial cell carcinoma with its origin in the large diverticle +of the urinary bladder with subsequent cardiac metastases. + +Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2014.01.005 +PMID: 24560085 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +569. Endocr Pathol. 2014 Sep;25(3):248-56. doi: 10.1007/s12022-014-9298-7. + +Malignancy rate of thyroid nodules defined as follicular lesion of undetermined +significance and atypia of undetermined significance in thyroid cytopathology and +its relation with ultrasonographic features. + +Çuhaci N(1), Arpaci D, Üçler R, Yazgan AK, Kıyak G, Yalçin S, Ersoy PE, Güler G, +Ersoy R, Çakir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Atatürk Education and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, neslihan_cuhaci@yahoo.com. + +Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has been widely accepted as the most +accurate, safe, and cost-effective method for evaluation of thyroid nodules. The +most challenging category in FNAB is atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) +and follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS). The Bethesda system +(BS) recommends repeat FNAB in that category due to its low risk of malignancy. +In our study, we aimed to investigate the malignancy rate of thyroid nodules of +AUS and FLUS and whether there were different malignancy rates among the +different patterns in this category, and to evaluate the presence of biochemical, +clinical, and echographic features possibly predictive of malignancy related to +AUS and FLUS. Data of 268 patients operated for AUS and FLUS cytology were +screened retrospectively. Ultrasonographic features and thyroid function tests, +thyroid antibodies, scintigraphy, and histopathological results were evaluated. +Of the 268 patients' results, 276 nodules are evaluated. Malignancy rates were +24.3 % in the AUS group, 19.8 % in the FLUS group, and 22.8 % in both groups. In +the evaluation of all nodules, the predictive features of malignancy are +hypoechogenicity and peripheral vascularization of the nodule. We determined that +the malignancy rates in these nodules are higher than that in the literature +rate. This high ratio may be due to the fact that we studied only patients who +underwent surgery. The ultrasonographic features alone may be insufficient to +predict the malignancy; therefore, all the clinical and ultrasonographic features +must be considered in the evaluation of the thyroid nodules. In addition, we +think that the recommended management of repeat FNAB in these groups must be +reconsidered with the clinical and ultrasonographic features. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-014-9298-7 +PMID: 24532158 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +570. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2014 Oct;31(4):282-8. doi: 10.1007/s10014-014-0179-z. Epub +2014 Feb 16. + +Desmoplastic non-infantile astrocytic tumor with BRAF V600E mutation. + +Karabagli P(1), Karabagli H, Kose D, Kocak N, Etus V, Koksal Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Candir Mah. +Candir Sok. Hazal Sitesi No. 24/C, 42090, Meram, Konya, Turkey, +pinarkarabagli@yahoo.com. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10014-014-0179-z +PMID: 24531831 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +571. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014 Jun;33(3):151-6. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.883456. +Epub 2014 Feb 14. + +The effects of phototherapy on eosinophil and eosinophilic cationic protein in +newborns with hyperbilirubinemia. + +Beken S(1), Aydin B, Zenciroğğlu A, Dilli D, Özkan E, Dursun A, Okumus N. + +Author information: +(1)Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Newborns with jaundice requiring or not requiring phototherapy (PT) are at +greater risk of developing asthma later in life. In this study, we investigated +the effect of PT treatment on eosinophil and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) +levels in newborns with severe hyperbilirubinemia. Thirty newborns diagnosed with +severe hyperbilirubinemia and exposed to light-emitting diode (LED) PT were +enrolled into the study. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels, complete blood count +and serum ECP concentrations were measured before and after PT. TSB and +hemoglobin (Hb) counts were lower after PT (p = 0.001). There was no difference +between leukocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil and platelet count before and after PT. +Eosinophil levels were increased after PT, although not significantly. ECP levels +were higher after PT (p = 0.006). It may be speculated that newborns treated with +LED PT, increased ECP might play a role in developing allergic diseases later in +life. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.883456 +PMID: 24527832 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +572. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014 Jun;33(3):145-50. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2014.883455. +Epub 2014 Feb 12. + +A case report: angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma in a 6-year-old male and review +of the literature. + +Kaygusuz EI(1), Cetiner H, Yorganci C, Celayir A. + +Author information: +(1)Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma (AFH) is a distinctive tumor in children, +adolescent and young adults which is slow growing with metastatic potential. The +histogenesis of AFH is uncertain. Here, we present a case of AFH of 6-year-old on +the trunk. In addition, the differential diagnosis for this lesion is also +discussed. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2014.883455 +PMID: 24521435 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +573. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2014 Mar;35(1):45-9. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000069. + +Evaluation of shotgun suicides in Konya, Turkey between 2000 and 2007. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Deniz I, Erkol Z. + +Author information: +(1)From the *Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Necmettin +Erbakan University; and †Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, +Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey; ‡Department of Forensic Medicine, Burhan +Nalbantoglu Hospital, Lefkosa, Nicosia, Cyprus; and §Department of Forensic +Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey. + +The number of the suicides is increasing all around the world. In this study, the +cases autopsied between 2000 and 2007 in The Konya Branch of Forensic Medicine +Council were retrospectively investigated. Fifty-seven shotgun suicides were +determined. The cases were evaluated in terms of their demographic characters, +site of entrance wound, the type of the cartridge used, shooting distance, the +place of incident, the place of death, motive for suicide, and the presence of +previous suicide attempts. The most preferred site of entrance wound was the head +with 34 cases (59.7%). Of 34 cases in which the entrance wound was on the head, +there was indirect mandibular fracture in 16 cases (47.1%). In 11 cases (19.3%), +there observed small ecchymosed abrasions on the finger surfaces, which are +thought to have resulted from the trigger kicking back during triggering or the +finger having been stuck between the trigger and the trigger guard. It is +concluded that there is a need for a legal regulation that makes obtaining of +shotguns more difficult and the people who have them are to be educated not to +keep them in easily accessible places. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000069 +PMID: 24457578 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +574. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Oct-Dec;56(4):481-3. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.125407. + +A case of multi-drug-resistant, intracranial tuberculomas, presenting with +headache. + +Yurekli VA(1), Kaya O, Aydin FI, Bircan HA, Kutluhan SL, Kayan M, Gonen I. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Neurology, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.125407 +PMID: 24441261 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +575. Korean J Pathol. 2013 Dec;47(6):579-82. doi: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.6.579. +Epub 2013 Dec 24. + +Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Arising in Warthin's Tumor: Case Study and Review +of the Literature. + +Ozkök G(1), Taşlı F(1), Ozsan N(2), Oztürk R(1), Postacı H(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Pathology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. + +Warthin's tumor is the second most common type of salivary gland tumor. +Microscopically, Warthin's tumor displays a proliferative epithelial component +and lymphoid stroma. Carcinomas arising from the epithelial component are well +known, but malignant transformations of the lymphoid stroma are rare. When they +do occur, they are most commonly B-cell type non-Hodgkin lymphomas. A 60-year-old +male patient underwent surgical resection of a parotid mass. After superficial +parotidectomy, microscopic examination indicated that the tumor was of epithelial +components with basaloid and oncocytic columns of cells neighboring lymphoid +components. In addition to the lymphoid follicles with distinct germinal centers, +there were large, bizarre and extremely atypical neoplastic cells seen in the +lymphoid component. Large neoplastic cells were diffusely CD20 and CD30 positive. +The patient was diagnosed with "Warthin's tumor and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma +with expression of CD30." The histopathologic and clinical features are discussed +along with a review of the literature. + +DOI: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.6.579 +PMCID: PMC3887162 +PMID: 24421853 + + +576. Korean J Pathol. 2013 Dec;47(6):569-74. doi: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.6.569. +Epub 2013 Dec 24. + +Development of six tumors in a sebaceus nevus of jadassohn: report of a case. + +Gozel S(1), Donmez M(1), Akdur NC(1), Yikilkan H(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. +(2)Department of Family Medicine, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. ; Department of Family Medicine, University of Antwerp, +Antwerp, Belgium. + +Nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn is a congenital cutaneous hamartoma comprised of +multiple skin structures. It has the potential to develop into variety of +neoplasms of various epidermal adnexal origins. While multiple tumors may +occasionally arise, it is unusual for more than four tumors to arise +simultaneously within a single sebaceus nevus. Here in, we report a case of a +70-year-old woman with six neoplastic proliferations including a +syringocystadenoma papilliferum, pigmented trichoblastoma, tubular apocrine +adenoma, sebaceoma, tumors of follicular infundibulum and superficial epithelioma +with sebaceus differentiation arising in a long standing nevus sebaceus on the +scalp. Our case is extraordinary because a single nevus sebaceus contained six +neoplastic proliferations with differentiation toward the +folliculosebaceous-apocrine unit. + +DOI: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.6.569 +PMCID: PMC3887160 +PMID: 24421851 + + +577. Korean J Pathol. 2013 Dec;47(6):519-25. doi: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.6.519. +Epub 2013 Dec 24. + +A different perspective on macroscopic sampling of cholecystectomy specimens. + +Argon A(1), Yağcı A(1), Taşlı F(1), Kebat T(1), Deniz S(1), Erkan N(2), +Kitapçıoğlu G(3), Vardar E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(2)Department of General Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, +Izmir, Turkey. +(3)Department of Biostatistics and Medical Communication, Ege University Faculty +of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Because there may be interdepartmental differences in macroscopic +sampling of cholecystectomy specimens, we aimed to investigate differences +between the longitudinal sampling technique and our classical sampling technique +in cholecystectomy specimens in which there was no obvious malignancy. +METHODS: Six hundred eight cholecystectomy specimens that were collected between +2011 and 2012 were included in this study. The first group included 273 specimens +for which one sample was taken from each of the fundus, body, and neck regions +(our classical technique). The second group included 335 specimens for which +samples taken from the neck region and lengthwise from the fundus toward the neck +were placed together in one cassette (longitudinal sampling). The Pearson +chi-square, Fisher exact, and ANOVA tests were used and differences were +considered significant at p<.05. +RESULTS: In the statistical analysis, although gallbladders in the first group +were bigger, the average length of the samples taken in the second group was +greater. Inflammatory cells, pyloric metaplasia, intestinal metaplasia, low grade +dysplasia, and invasive carcinoma were seen more often in the second group. +CONCLUSIONS: In our study, the use of a longitudinal sampling technique enabled +us to examine a longer mucosa and to detect more mucosal lesions than did our +classical technique. Thus, longitudinal sampling can be an effective technique in +detecting preinvasive lesions. + +DOI: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.6.519 +PMCID: PMC3887153 +PMID: 24421844 + + +578. Am J Surg Pathol. 2014 Feb;38(2):205-14. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000099. + +Aberrant centrizonal features in chronic hepatic venous outflow obstruction: +centrilobular mimicry of portal-based disease. + +Krings G(1), Can B, Ferrell L. + +Author information: +(1)*Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA +†Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. + +Chronic hepatic venous outflow obstruction is characterized by centrizonal +scarring but may also display features that can lead to portal tract mimicry and +misdiagnosis as biliary disease, especially given elevated cholestatic liver +profiles in these patients. However, these histopathologic features have not been +systematically described. We graded the numbers of centrizonal arterioles, +ductules, keratin 7+ hepatocytes, CD34+ microvessels, and capillarized sinusoids +in 61 cases of chronic venous outflow obstruction and assessed changes in +metabolic zonation by glutamine synthetase staining. Centrizonal arterioles and +ductules were present in 82.0% and 72.1% of cases, respectively, and correlated +with fibrosis. Centrizonal CD34+ microvessels and sinusoidal capillarization were +closely associated and present in 25 (92.6%) and 26 (96.3%) of 27 cases, +respectively. Centrizonal capillarized sinusoids and microvessels, which were +present in all cases with advanced fibrosis, were demonstrated in 90% and 80% of +the cases without significant fibrosis, respectively. The results suggest that +capillarization and/or microvessel formation precede and may contribute to +centrizonal scarring, whereas arterialization likely reflects vascular remodeling +associated with progressive fibrosis. Centrizonal ductules were often immature, +being either keratin 7+/keratin 19- (36.4%) or keratin 7-/keratin 19- (10.0%). +Centrizonal keratin 7+ intermediate-phenotype hepatocytes were present in 25 +(92.5%) of 27 cases. Lastly, 22 (91.7%) of 24 cases showed loss of metabolic +zonation, with reversed zonation in 2 (8.3%) cases. Together, the findings +indicate that vascular and lobular reorganization in chronic venous outflow +obstruction may result in mimicry of central zones as portal tracts. Recognition +of these changes is essential to prevent misdiagnosis of this condition as +biliary tract disease. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000099 +PMID: 24418854 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +579. Pathol Biol (Paris). 2014 Feb;62(1):38-40. doi: 10.1016/j.patbio.2013.10.001. +Epub 2014 Jan 9. + +Mutations and polymorphisms in N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase gene in +Turkish Morquio A patients. + +Khedhiri S(1), Chkioua L(2), Elcioglu N(3), Laradi S(4), Miled A(2). + +Author information: +(1)Laboratory of biochimistry CHU Farhat-Hached, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia; Laboratory +of biochimistry and molecular biology, Monastir, Tunisia. Electronic address: +khedhirisouhir@yahoo.fr. +(2)Laboratory of biochimistry CHU Farhat-Hached, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia; Laboratory +of biochimistry and molecular biology, Monastir, Tunisia. +(3)Department of pediatric genetics, Marmara university medical school, Istambul, +Turkey. +(4)Laboratory of hereditary diseases of metabolism, biologic centre, Lyon, +France. + +Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA) is an autosomal recessive inherited +metabolic disease resulting from deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase +(GALNS). This lysosomal storage disorder leads to a wide range of clinical +variability ranging from severe, through intermediate to mild forms. The +classical phenotype of Morquio A disease is characterized by severe bone +dysplasia without intellectual impairment. Two severe MPS IVA patients from two +unrelated Turkish families have been investigated. The 14 exons and intron-exon +junctions of the GALNS gene were sequenced after amplification from genomic DNA. +Direct sequencing revealed two homozygous mutations previously described: p.L390X +in exon 11 and p.W141R in exon 4. The p L390X mutation was associated with four +novel polymorphisms in intron 2, intron 5 and intron 6 and one polymorphism +previously described in exon 7. We have analysed the haplotypes associated with +the two identified mutations. These molecular findings will permit accurate +carrier detection, prenatal diagnosis and counseling for Morquio A syndrome in +Turkey. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2013.10.001 +PMID: 24411403 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +580. Dis Markers. 2013;35(6):807-10. doi: 10.1155/2013/185425. Epub 2013 Nov 27. + +Ischemia modified albumin can predict necrosis at incarcerated hernias. + +Kadioğlu H(1), Ömür D(2), Bozkurt S(1), Ferlengez E(3), Memmı N(1), Ersoy YE(1), +Çıpe G(1), Müslümanoğlu M(2). + +Author information: +(1)General Surgery Department, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem Vakıf University +Hospital, Adnan Menderes Bulvarı Vatan Caddesi, 34093 Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey. +(2)Anesthesiology Department, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, +Turkey. +(3)General Surgery Department, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive effect of IMA in incarcerated hernias. +METHODS: Three groups (n = 7) of rats were operated. Group I aimed to mimic +incarceration, group II aimed the strangulation, and group III was the sham +group. IMA and LDH measurements were made. +RESULTS: IMA levels were significantly higher in strangulation mimicking group +and IMA levels were normal at postoperative 6th hour in incarceration mimicking +group. LDH levels were significantly higher in both incarceration and +strangulation mimicking groups. +CONCLUSION: IMA seems to be an effective marker in incarcerated hernias to +predict necrosis. But we need further studies to generalise this hypothesis. + +DOI: 10.1155/2013/185425 +PMCID: PMC3860091 +PMID: 24379518 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +581. Pol J Pathol. 2013 Dec;64(4):253-9. + +Distribution of CXCR4 and γ-catenin expression pattern in breast cancer subtypes +and their relationship to axillary nodal involvement. + +Sivrikoz ON(1), Doganay L, Sivrikoz UK, Karaarslan S, Sanal SM. + +Author information: +(1)Salahattin M. Sanal MD, Division of Medical Oncology, Özel Tinaztepe +Hastanesi, Ahmet Piristina Bulvari 203/27 Sk. No: 12, Tinaztepe/Buca, Izmir, +Turkey 35160, tel., +90(232) 454 1414, fax +90(232) 454 1516, e-mail: +sanal_salahattin@yahoo.com. + +Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and γ-catenin are known to play an important role in +development of metastasis in breast cancer. However, there is not enough +information about these biological markers' distribution in different breast +cancer subtypes, or their relationship to lymph node metastases in each subtype. +In this study, staining characteristics of CXCR4 and γ-catenin were analyzed in +each breast cancer subtype and their relationship to lymph node involvement +explored. There was a statistically significant relationship between CXCR4 and +certain tumor subtypes (p < 0.05). Basal-like and HER2 enriched tumors showed +strong CXCR4 positivity (45.7%). Furthermore, a significant correlation was +discovered between CXCR4 positivity and lymph node involvement (p < 0.05). Among +tumor subtypes staining positively with CXCR4, 80% of basal-like, 90% of HER2 +enriched, and 78.5% of luminal A showed axillary lymph node involvement. In +general, there was a positive relationship between histological grade and CXCR4 +expression (p = 0.004). A statistically significant correlation existed between +HER2 positivity and γ-catenin expression (p < 0.05). Basal-like and HER2 enriched +breast cancer subtypes express CXCR4 staining more often than the other subtypes. +Additionally, there is also a positive relationship between lymph node +involvement and CXCR4 staining of these subtypes. + + +PMID: 24375039 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +582. Pol J Pathol. 2013 Dec;64(4):247-52. + +Is there any association of glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) and glutathione +S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene polymorphism with gastric cancers? + +Haholu A(1), Berber U, Karagöz B, Tuncel T, Bilgi O, Demirel D. + +Author information: +(1)Assoc. Prof. Aptullah Haholu MD, Pathology Department, Gulhane Military +Medical Academy (GMMA), Haydarpasa Training Hospital, 34668 Uskudar/Istanbul, +Turkey, tel. +905326718212, e-mail: ahaholu@gata.edu.tr. + +The glutathione S-transferases (GST) are enzymes catalyzing reactions including +carcinogens. GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes are polymorphic in humans. The relations +between polymorphism of some GST genes and cancer have been reported. In this +study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms +in a group of gastric cancer patients. The study group consisted of 50 patients +(21 females, 29 males) with gastric adenocarcinoma from the archives of the +pathology department of a training hospital. Fifty-seven healthy control subjects +were included in the study as a control group. DNA was extracted from peripheral +venous blood of control subjects and from the paraffin blocks of cases. +Genotyping of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes was performed with duplex polymerase chain +reaction. No differences in the frequencies of GSTM1 or GSTT1 null genotypes were +observed between patients and healthy subjects (GSTM1: 52% vs. 43.85%, OR = 1.27, +95% CI: 0.55-2.96; GSTT1: 38.46% vs. 28.07%, OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.25-1.96). +Moreover, simultaneous carriage of both genotypes was almost identical in both +groups. GSTM1 or GSTT1 null genotypes were not different in diffuse or intestinal +type gastric cancer. Our data suggest that the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms are +not associated with gastric cancer in a small group of the Turkish population. + + +PMID: 24375038 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +583. Pathol Res Pract. 2014 Mar;210(3):161-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.11.010. Epub +2013 Dec 3. + +Chalkley method in the angiogenesis research and its automation via computer +simulation. + +Karslioğlu Y(1), Yiğit N(2), Öngürü Ö(2). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ykarslioglu@gmail.com. +(2)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to develop a computer simulation evaluating microvessel +density according to the Chalkley method on digital images taken from neovascular +hot spots. An image analysis algorithm has been developed using ImageJ, an +extensible, open source image processing and analysis software. The idea was to +create a virtual Chalkley point array graticule, and to calculate Chalkley counts +automatically by stepwise angular rotation of it on the superimposed images +containing properly segmented microvessels. This eliminates the necessity of +having the Chalkley graticule, an accessory that has to be mounted on the +microscope's ocular. The proposed method is a faithful simulation of the original +Chalkley counting procedure. It gives pathologists who do not have the Chalkley +graticule an opportunity to evaluate microvessels quantitatively according to the +basic principles underlying Chalkley counting. Evaluating microvessel densities +in solid tumors is a frequent procedure in angiogenesis research. A few standard +methods, including Chalkley counting, are used for the estimation of microvessel +density. Several independent studies have shown that the Chalkley counting is +more consistent and may provide useful data on prognosis. The obvious +disadvantages lie in the facts that this method is time-consuming and requires a +special hardware. Computer simulation may overcome these obstacles. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.11.010 +PMID: 24359720 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +584. Histol Histopathol. 2014 Jun;29(6):743-56. doi: 10.14670/HH-29.743. Epub 2013 Dec +18. + +The PI3K/Akt and MAPK-ERK1/2 pathways are altered in STZ induced diabetic rat +placentas. + +Ozmen A(1), Unek G(1), Kipmen-Korgun D(2), Korgun ET(3). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, +Antalya, Turkey. +(2)Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, 07070 +Antalya, Turkey. +(3)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, +Antalya, Turkey. korgun@akdeniz.edu.tr. + +Diabetic pregnancy is associated with complications such as early and late +embryonic death, fetal growth disorders, placental abnormalities, and +embryonal-placental metabolic disorders. Excessive apoptosis and/or changes of +proliferation mechanisms are seen as a major event in the pathogenesis of +diabetes-induced embryonic death, placental weight and structural anomalies. Akt +and ERK1/2 proteins are important for placental and fetal development associated +with cellular proliferation and differentiation mechanisms. The mechanism +underlying the placental growth regulatory effects of hyperglycemia have not been +elucidated. Moreover, it is still not determined how Akt and ERK1/2 proteins +related proliferation and apoptosis mechanisms are influenced by Streptozotocin +(STZ) induced diabetic rat placental development. The aim of this study was to +investigate the expression levels and spatio-temporal immunolocalizations of Akt, +p-Akt, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 proteins in normal and STZ-treated diabetic rat +placental development. In order to compose the diabetic group, pregnant females +were injected with a single dose of 40 mg/kg STZ intraperitonally seven days +before their sacrifice at 12th, 14th, 16th, 18th and 20th day of their gestation. +We found that maternal diabetic environment led to a decrease in ERK1/2 and Akt +phosphorylation during rat placental development. It could be said that +MAPK-ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt cell signaling pathways are affected from hyperglycemic +conditions in rat placentas. In conclusion, hyperglycemia-induced placental and +embryonal developmental abnormalities could be associated with reduction of Akt +and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-29.743 +PMID: 24346807 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +585. APMIS. 2014 Jul;122(7):643-7. doi: 10.1111/apm.12209. Epub 2013 Dec 10. + +Evaluation of the serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor and endothelin-1 in +children with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. + +Deveci K(1), Oflaz MB, Sancakdar E, Uysal EB, Guven AS, Kaya A, Alkan F, Cevit O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet +University, Sivas, Turkey. + +We aimed to assess the association between serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor +(sIL-2r) and endothelin-1 and severe infection in children with Crimean-Congo +hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). Fifty-two patients under 18 years of age with a +laboratory- confirmed diagnosis of CCHF and 38 healthy controls were enrolled in +the study. Patients were classified into two groups based on disease severity +(severe group and non-severe group). The sIL-2r and endothelin-1 levels were +observed to be significantly higher in patients with severe CCHF compared with +those with non-severe CCHF and the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, those +with non-severe CCHF were also found to have a significantly higher sIL-2r level +relative to the control group (p < 0.001). Although there was a positive +correlation between sIL-2r and endothelin-1 levels, serum levels of both sIL-2r +and endothelin-1 were negatively correlated with the platelets count. In children +with CCHF, serum levels of sIL-2r and endothelin-1 were increased, and this +increase is related to the severity of the disease. In this study, we concluded +through prognosis that serum levels of sIL-2r and endothelin-1 might be related, +and that hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and endothelial injury might +contribute to a pathogenesis of the disease. + +© 2013 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12209 +PMID: 24320760 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +586. Dis Markers. 2013;35(6):673-7. doi: 10.1155/2013/216279. Epub 2013 Nov 6. + +Investigation of associations between obesity and LEP G2548A and LEPR 668A/G +polymorphisms in a Turkish population. + +Şahın S(1), Rüstemoğlu A, Tekcan A, Taşliyurt T, Güven H, Yığıt S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, +Tokat, Turkey ; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat and +Dumlupinar University, Kütahya, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Obesity is a complex heterogeneous disease that is caused by genes, +environmental factors, and the interaction between the two. The leptin (LEP) and +leptin receptor (LEPR) genes have been evaluated for polymorphisms that could +potentially be related to the pathophysiology of obesity and its complications. +The aim of this study was to investigate the role of LEP G2548A and LEPR 668A/G +polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of obesity. +SUBJECTS: The study included 127 patients with obesity and 105 healthy controls. +Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length analysis for LEP G2548A +and LEPR 668A/G polymorphisms were applied. +RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the genotype +frequencies of the LEP gene polymorphism between patients and control groups (P > +0.05). We found a difference in the LEPR genotypes between patients and controls, +but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.05). Additionally, we found an +increased risk of obesity in the LEP/LEPR GG/GG combined genotype (P < 0.05). +CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the LEP G2548A polymorphism is not a +relevant obesity marker and that the LEPR 668A/G polymorphism may be related to +obesity in a Turkish population. Further researches with larger patient +population are necessary to ascertain the implications of LEP and LEPR +polymorphisms in obesity. + +DOI: 10.1155/2013/216279 +PMCID: PMC3836355 +PMID: 24319309 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +587. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2014 Jan;33(1):30-4. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e31827d1a65. + +Fatal case of luteinized thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis in a 40-year-old +woman. + +Bahar B(1), Hu Z, Szpaderska A, Liotta M, Potkul RK, Smith D, Erşahin Ç. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biochemistry (B.B.), Ankara Physical Therapy and +Rehabilitation, Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Department of +Surgery (A.S.), Division of Dental Medicine Departments of Pathology (Z.H., Ç.E.) +Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L., R.K.P., D.S.), Loyola University, Medical +Center, Maywood, IL. + +We describe the pathologic and clinical presentation of a very rare, fatal case +of luteinized thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis in a 40-year-old woman, who had +a history of total abdominal hysterectomy and a left salpingo-oophorectomy in +2003. The patient presented with abdominal pain, and radiologic examinations +revealed a 10-cm heterogenous right pelvic mass with partial necrosis. The +patient eventually underwent an exploratory laparotomy, which revealed an ovarian +tumor with multiple implants in the peritoneal cavity. The ovarian lesion was +made up of spindle cells among clusters of luteinized stromal cells that expanded +to the ovarian cortex. Tumor cells were positive for vimentin, estrogen and +progesterone receptors, and CCD68 (focally) and negative for CD34, α-smooth +muscle actin, β-catenin, and desmin by immunohistochemical studies. Luteinized +cells were positive for α-inhibin and calretinin. Tumor cells exhibited low Ki-67 +proliferation indices. The patient died because of the sclerosing peritonitis +component of the disease. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e31827d1a65 +PMID: 24300532 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +588. Acta Cytol. 2014;58(1):42-6. doi: 10.1159/000356406. Epub 2013 Nov 30. + +Significance of foamy histiocytes in cervical smears from postmenopausal women. + +Kir G(1), Yilmaz MS, Çetiner H, Gocmen A, Alptekin F. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To determine the significance of the presence of foamy histiocytes +(FH) in postmenopausal cervicovaginal smears for the detection of endometrial +carcinomas (EC). +STUDY DESIGN: Endometrial sampling was performed over 6 months in 53 of 102 cases +that presented with postmenopausal FH, benign endometrial cells (BEC), FH with +BEC (FH + BEC), and atypical endometrial cells (AEC), resulting in a total of +41,150 cervicovaginal smears. The control group consisted of 58 cases with a +cytologic diagnosis of a normal smear (NS). +RESULTS: There were 0 (0%), 1 (4.54%), 2 (13.33%), 2 (33.33%), and 5 (50.00%) +cases of EC diagnosed on histopathologic evaluation in patients with NS (n = 58), +BEC (n = 22), FH (n = 15), FH + BEC (n = 6), and AEC (n = 10), respectively. The +sensitivities and specificities of the cytologic diagnoses of FH, FH + BEC, and +AEC for the detection of EC were 81.7 and 100%, 93.6 and 100%, and 92.1 and 100%, +respectively. +CONCLUSION: The cytologic diagnoses of FH and FH + BEC had reasonably high +sensitivities and specificities for the diagnosis of EC by cervicovaginal smear. +Additional studies are needed. + +© 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000356406 +PMID: 24296692 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +589. Endocr Pathol. 2014 Sep;25(3):241-7. doi: 10.1007/s12022-013-9275-6. + +Molecular features of follicular variant papillary carcinoma of thyroid: +comparison of areas with or without classical nuclear features. + +Guney G(1), Tezel GG, Kosemehmetoglu K, Yilmaz E, Balci S, Ersoy R, Cakir B, +Guler G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hitit University Corum Research and Education +Hospital, Çorum, Turkey, 19000, Guvenguney61@hotmail.com. + +We aimed to compare the genetic background of different areas in follicular +variant papillary thyroid carcinomas (FVPTC) with or without classical nuclear +changes. Sixteen cases of FVPTC were included in our study. All tumors were well +demarcated from surrounding thyroid tissue and had both areas with nuclear +features (WNF) and areas without nuclear features (WONF) of papillary carcinoma. +DNA is obtained by laser microdissection from WNF and WONF areas of each case. +Point mutations for NRAS codon 61, HRAS codon 61, and BRAF were investigated by +direct sequencing. In 11 cases, reverse transcription PCR was performed for the +presence of PAX8-PPARɣ and RET/PTC1-3 gene rearrangements. Point mutation for +NRAS codon 61 was also studied in 15 colloidal nodules. Seven cases (44 %) showed +at least one mutation; two cases (13 %) revealed the same mutation in both WNF +and WONF areas, while in the rest only WNF areas were mutated. None of the +studied 11 cases demonstrated RET/PTC1-3 gene rearrangement and in only one case +PAX8-PPARɣ gene rearrangement was found. Six cases (38 %) showed NRAS codon 61 +mutation, involving only WNF areas in five cases and both WNF and WONF areas in +one case. Neither HRAS codon 61 nor BRAF mutations were present. Fifteen +colloidal nodules were also wild type for NRAS codon 61. Our findings suggest +that NRAS codon 61 point mutations and PAX8-PPARɣ gene rearrangement play a role +in the FVPTC pathogenesis and may be established before the +morphological/phenotypical features fully develop. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-013-9275-6 +PMID: 24277231 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +590. Pathol Int. 2013 Nov;63(11):554-8. doi: 10.1111/pin.12100. + +Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor of bone. + +Yalcinkaya U(1), Uz Unlu M, Bilgen MS, Yazici Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Surgical Pathology, Uludag University Medical School, Bursa, +Turkey. + +Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor is an extremely rare soft tissue tumor with a +low malignancy potential. The patient is usually a child or a young adolescent +and the tumor is usually localized in the upper extremities. We report on a case +of a 21-year old male with a plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor in the left fibula +admitted to our hospital due to a swelling and pain in the left lower extremity. +Radiologically a lytic lesion in the distal end of left fibula consistent with a +non-aggressive lesion with low biological activity was found. Treated with +curettage, the specimen revealed plexiform proliferation of mononuclear +histiocyte-like cells, multinucleated osteoclast-like cells, and spindle +fibroblast-like cells in variable proportions histopathologically. +Immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD68 in scattered fashion in +histiocytes and giant cells, and spindle like cells showed positivity for smooth +muscle actin. Under electron microscopy, rough endoplasmic reticulum and collagen +bundles in the spindle cells suggested fibroblastic differentiation. Also +multiple large electron-dense lysosomal granules in histiocytoid cells were +found. Multinucleated giant cells exhibited osteoclast-like appearance. All these +findings suggested plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor. Interestingly, the tumor was +localized in bone. During the follow up for 27 months after the resection, there +was no recurrence or metastasis. + +© 2013 The Authors. Pathology International © 2013 Japanese Society of Pathology +and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/pin.12100 +PMID: 24274718 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +591. Endocr Pathol. 2014 Sep;25(3):297-301. doi: 10.1007/s12022-013-9283-6. + +"The diagnostic accuracy of thyroid nodule fine-needle aspiration cytology +following thyroid surgery: a case-control study". + +Onal ED(1), Saglam F, Sacikara M, Ersoy R, Guler G, Cakir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yildirim Beyazit University +Medical School Ataturk Teaching and Research Hospital, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey, +edademir@yahoo.com. + +Thyroid surgery may cause regional scarring and some degree of fibrotic process +which may extend into the perithyroidal soft tissues. This may result in problems +when collecting thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples and +evaluating the cellular abnormalities. This study aimed to determine if a history +of thyroid surgery is a risk factor for nondiagnostic (ND) FNAB results. Patients +with ≥1 discrete nodular lesion of the thyroid who underwent FNAB were included. +The patients with a history of thyroid surgery constituted group 1, and the +others constituted group 2. The factors which may influence FNAB results, +including age, gender, presence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and ultrasound +characteristics, were also evaluated. Group 1 included 123 patients with 200 +nodules, and group 2 included 132 patients with 200 nodules. The two groups were +similar with respect to demographic characteristics of the patients and +ultrasonographic features of the nodules including diameter, content (cystic or +solid), echogenicity, margin, and calcifications (P > 0.05). In all, 176 (44 %) +of the participants had ND FNAB results. The median time interval between thyroid +surgery and FNAB was 15 years [range, 1-45 years; interquartile range (IQR) 13 +years]. Significantly more nodules in group 1 had ND FNAB results than in group 2 +[98 (49 %) vs 78 (39 %), respectively, P = 0.028]. Multivariate analysis revealed +that history of thyroid surgery was independently associated with ND FNAB [odds +ratio (OR) 1.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1-2.33, P = 0.033]. A history of +thyroid surgery increases the risk of initial ND FNAB. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-013-9283-6 +PMID: 24264435 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +592. Cytopathology. 2015 Feb;26(1):50-2. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12116. Epub 2013 Nov 21. + +Testicular choriocarcinoma metastatic to the stomach: cytological, histological +and immunocyto-histochemical findings. + +Demirel D(1), Kucukodaci Z, Balta AZ, Ramzy I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12116 +PMID: 24262032 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +593. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014 Feb;33(1):64-70. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2013.856500. +Epub 2013 Nov 18. + +Diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus antigenemia by immunohistochemical +detection of immediate early antigen. + +Ozgu-Erdinc AS(1), Sen C. + +Author information: +(1)Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Care, Education and Research Hospital, +Perinatology, Ankara, Turkey. + +Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be a cause of fetal morbidity and mortality among +approximately 1% of pregnancies. With an aim to detect CMV antigenemia among 51 +pregnant women with/without clinically diagnosed abnormalities and intrauterine +growth retardation (IUGR) maternal and fetal samples either prenatal (n:22) or +postpartum (n:29) were obtained between 17-42 weeks of gestation to analyze +anti-CMV IgG, IgM antibodies and cytoplasmic or nuclear CMV antigens. Cytoplasmic +and nuclear CMV antigenemia was detected among 19.6% and 11.8% of maternal +samples. These values were 29.4% and 17.6% for fetal samples. Among both maternal +and fetal samples, there was a 100% correlation when IgG and IgM were negative. +The correlation for IgG and IgM positivity was not present among maternal samples +since cytoplasmic (37.5%) and nuclear (25%) antigens could not be demonstrated in +spite of immunity. Cytoplasmic and nuclear CMV antigens were detected within +fetal samples from subjects presenting maternal immunoglobulin positivity, +clinical abnormality and clinically normal findings (50, 32, 16.7% and 50, 16, +5.6%) respectively. In conclusion, immunocytochemical detection of CMV +antigenemia improves CMV infection diagnosis which may be associated with +clinical abnormalities/IUGR. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2013.856500 +PMID: 24245796 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +594. Dis Markers. 2013;35(5):363-7. doi: 10.1155/2013/274515. Epub 2013 Sep 25. + +Diagnostic significance of serum eotaxin-1 level in gastric cancer patients. + +Koç Ü(1), Çetinkaya E, Bostanci EB, Kemık AS, Tez M, Gömceli İ, Akoğlu M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Education and +Research Hospital, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer is the second cause of cancer-related deaths +worldwide. Delayed diagnosis leads to high mortality rates. Eotaxin-1 was +originally discovered as an eosinophil-selective chemoattractant and may play a +role in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, and other +gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to analyse diagnostic and +prognostic significance of serum eotaxin-1 (s-eotaxin-1) levels in gastric +cancer. +METHODS: Sixty gastric cancer patients and 69 healthy subjects were included into +the study. S-eotaxin-1 levels were compared with clinicopathological features and +outcomes in gastric cancer. +RESULTS: Serum levels of eotaxin-1 in gastric cancer patients were significantly +higher than controls (74.51 ± 16.65 pg/mL versus 16.79 ± 5.52 pg/mL, respectively +(P < 0.001)). The s-eotaxin-1 levels did not differ significantly with +histopathological grade, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor localization, +lymph node metastases, positive lymph node ratio, size, perineural and +perivascular invasion. So there is no relationship found between s-eotaxin-1 +level and prognosis. +CONCLUSION: S-eotaxin-1 levels may be used as an easily available biomarker for +gastric cancer risk and may alert physicians for early diagnosis. Due to the +limited number of patients included in this study, larger cohort studies are +warranted to validate the diagnostic value of s-eotaxin-1 level in gastric +cancer. + +DOI: 10.1155/2013/274515 +PMCID: PMC3810232 +PMID: 24223454 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +595. Dis Markers. 2013;35(5):447-9. doi: 10.1155/2013/950701. Epub 2013 Oct 1. + +The role of H. pylori in the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. + +Genç R(1), Çağlı S, Yüce İ, Vural A, Okuducu H, Patıroğlu T, Güney E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Niğde State Hospital, Nigde Devlet +Hastanesi, KBB Klinigi, 51000 Nigde, Turkey. + +AIM: This study aims to investigate the possible role of H. pylori as a cause of +laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. +METHOD: This controlled study was performed with 31 consecutive laryngeal cancer +and 28 cancer-free patients who underwent direct laryngoscopy and biopsy of +laryngeal lesions. To document the previous H. pylori infection, serological +analysis of the antibody titers was done. Immunohistochemical analyses were +applied to the tissue samples. +RESULTS: Serology was found positive at the 90.3% of the laryngeal cancer +patients and 96.4% of the benign group. There were no statistically significant +differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis +results were determined as negative at all of the specimens of laryngeal cancer +patients and patients with benign lesions. +CONCLUSION: There were no signs of colonization of H. pylori in laryngeal tissues +of both groups' patients. It is thought that no relationship exists between the +H. pylori infection and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1155/2013/950701 +PMCID: PMC3809752 +PMID: 24198443 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +596. Diagn Mol Pathol. 2013 Dec;22(4):222-7. doi: 10.1097/PDM.0b013e31828ed856. + +Methylation profile analysis of DNA repair genes in hepatocellular carcinoma with +MS-MLPA. + +Ozer O(1), Bilezikci B, Aktas S, Sahin FI. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Pathology, and General Surgery, Faculty of +Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the rare tumors with well-defined risk +factors. The multifactorial etiology of HCC can be explained by its complex +molecular pathogenesis. In the current study, the methylation status of 7 genes +involved in DNA repair mechanisms, namely MLH1, PMS2, MSH6, MSH2, MGMT, MSH3, and +MLH3, was investigated in tumor samples from HCC patients, using the +methylation-specific-multiplex ligated probe amplification method and the results +were correlated with available clinical findings. The most common etiological +factor in these cases was the presence of hepatitis B alone (47.2%). Among the 56 +cases that were studied, promoter methylation was detected in at least one of the +genes in 27 (48.2%) cases, only in 1 gene in 13 (23.2%) cases, and in >1 gene in +14 (25%) cases. Of the 7 genes investigated, methylation was most frequently +observed in MSH3, in 14 (25%) cases. Methylation of at least 1 gene was +significantly more frequent in patients with single tumors than multifocal +tumors. There were significant differences regarding hepatitis B status, Child +Class, tumor number, grade, and TNM stage in cases where PMS2 methylation was +detected. Our results suggest that methylation of genes involved in mismatch +repair may be responsible in the pathogenesis of HCC, and evaluating changes in +multiple genes in these pathways simultaneously would be more informative. +Despite being a robust and relatively inexpensive method, the +methylation-specific-multiplex ligated probe amplification assay could be more +extensively applied with improvements in the currently intricate data analysis +component. + +DOI: 10.1097/PDM.0b013e31828ed856 +PMID: 24193005 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +597. Acta Cytol. 2014;58(1):23-8. doi: 10.1159/000355869. Epub 2013 Oct 29. + +Tularemia in differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy: cytologic +features of tularemia lymphadenitis. + +Markoc F(1), Koseoglu RD, Koc S, Gurbuzler L. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Tularemia can cause cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine-needle aspiration +(FNA) cytology is the first step in the workup for cervical lymphadenopathy; +however, little has been published regarding the cytomorphological features of +tularemia lymphadenitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the FNA cytology +of tularemia lymphadenitis. +STUDY DESIGN: Review of medical records identified 36 patients with serologically +proven tularemia, and who had undergone lymph node FNA. In each case, the +original May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained FNA smears from enlarged cervical lymph node +were reevaluated. +RESULTS: Suppuration and cytolysis were frequent cytological findings. +Twenty-three (63.8%) of the 36 cases were assessed as suppurative inflammation. +In 10 of these cases (27.8% of the total), cytolysis was prominent. In 7 cases +(19.4%) the smears featured microgranulomas as well as suppuration, and 2 of +these (5.6%) also featured giant cells. In 1 case (2.8%), there was caseous +necrosis. In 2 cases (5.6%), the cytopathological findings were consistent with +reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Three aspirates (8.3%) were inadequate for +evaluation. +CONCLUSION: Cytopathological findings on FNA of tularemia lymphadenitis are +nonspecific; however, in regions where tularemia is endemic, this disease should +be considered in the differential diagnosis for suppurative lymphadenitis. + +© 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000355869 +PMID: 24192314 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +598. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2013 Dec;34(4):357-62. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0000000000000054. + +Dental computed tomographic imaging as age estimation: morphological analysis of +the third molar of a group of Turkish population. + +Cantekin K(1), Sekerci AE, Buyuk SK. + +Author information: +(1)From the Departments of *Pediatric Dentistry, †Oral Radiology, and +‡Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. + +Computed tomography (CT) is capable of providing accurate and measurable +3-dimensional images of the third molar. The aims of this study were to analyze +the development of the mandibular third molar and its relation to chronological +age and to create new reference data for a group of Turkish participants aged 9 +to 25 years on the basis of cone-beam CT images. All data were obtained from the +patients' records including medical, social, and dental anamnesis and cone-beam +CT images of 752 patients. Linear regression analysis was performed to obtain +regression formulas for dental age calculation with chronological age and to +determine the coefficient of determination (r) for each sex. Statistical analysis +showed a strong correlation between age and third-molar development for the males +(r2 = 0.80) and the females (r2 = 0.78). Computed tomographic images are +clinically useful for accurate and reliable estimation of dental ages of children +and youth. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000054 +PMID: 24189628 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +599. Int J Exp Pathol. 2014 Feb;95(1):64-77. doi: 10.1111/iep.12059. Epub 2013 Nov 4. + +The effects of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate on rat liver in relation to selenium +status. + +Erkekoglu P(1), Zeybek ND, Giray BK, Rachidi W, Kızılgün M, Hininger-Favier I, +Favier A, Asan E, Hincal F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +This study was performed to determine the hepatotoxicity of +di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in relation to selenium status. In 3-week-old +Sprague-Dawley rats, selenium deficiency was induced by a ≤0.05 selenium mg/kg. A +selenium supplementation group was given 1 mg selenium/kg diet for 5 weeks. +Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-treated groups received 1000 mg/kg dose by gavage +during the last 10 days of the experiment. Histopathology, peroxisome +proliferation, catalase (CAT) immunoreactivity and activity and apoptosis were +assessed. Activities of antioxidant selenoenzymes [glutathione peroxidase 1 +(GPx1), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1)], +superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST); +aminotransferase, total glutathione (tGSH), and lipid peroxidation (LP) levels +were measured. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate caused cellular disorganization while +necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in Se-deficient DEHP +group (DEHP/SeD). Catalase activity and immunoreactivity were increased in all +DEHP-treated groups. Glutathione peroxidase 1 and GPx4 activities decreased +significantly in DEHP and DEHP/SeD groups, while GST activities decreased in all +DEHP-exposed groups. Thioredoxin reductase activity increased in DEHP and +DEHP/SeS, while total SOD activities increased in all DEHP-treated groups. Lipid +peroxidation levels increased significantly in SeD (26%), DEHP (38%) and DEHP/SeD +(71%) groups. Selenium supplementation partially ameliorated DEHP-induced +hepatotoxicity; while in DEHP/SeD group, drastic changes in hepatic +histopathology and oxidative stress parameters were observed. + +© 2013 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2013 +International Journal of Experimental Pathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12059 +PMCID: PMC3919650 +PMID: 24180374 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +600. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Dec;209(12):779-83. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.09.004. Epub +2013 Sep 21. + +Is human kallikrein-11 in gastric cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant +chemoradiotherapy associated with survival? + +Unal D(1), Tasdemir A, Oguz A, Eroglu C, Cihan YB, Turak EE, Karaman H, Soyuer S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiation Oncology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, +Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: dilekunaldr@gmail.com. + +Human kallikreins (hKs) have been reported to be involved in human cancers, and +several hKs are promising biomarkers of various cancers, such as prostate, +ovarian, breast, and testicular cancer. In the present study, we aimed to +evaluate the prognostic value of immunohistochemical expression of hK11 in +patients with gastric cancer. The study included 55 (36 men and 19 women; 58 ± 10 +years of mean age) patients with gastric cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant +chemoradiotherapy. Tissue sections were evaluated immunohistochemically with a +monoclonal anti-hK11 antibody. Of the 55 patients, 35 (63.6%) were hK11-positive +and 20 (36.4%) were hK11-negative. Disease-free and overall survival rates were +significantly higher in patients with hK11 positive than in those with hK-11 +negative expression (24 months vs. 11 months, p: 0.043; 29 months vs. 13 months, +p: 0.038, respectively). In conclusion, hK11 expression in gastric cancer appears +to be associated with a better prognosis. hK11 may be a prognostic biomarker of +gastric cancer. On the other hand, it is needed to elucidate the mechanisms +underlying the regulation of hK11 expression in gastric cancer. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.09.004 +PMID: 24169449 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +601. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Jul-Sep;56(3):252-7. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.120381. + +Differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenitis mimicking malignancy due to +tularemia: our experiences. + +Turhan V(1), Berber U, Haholu A, Salihoglu M, Ulcay A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, GATA Haydarpasa +Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Tularemia is a disease caused by a Gram-negative coccobacillus +Francisella tularensis. This bacterium may cause different types of clinical +pictures owing to acquisition route and entrance site, such as ulceroglandular, +oropharyngeal, glandular, pneumonic, typhoid and ocular forms. Oropharyngeal +tularemia (OPT) is the most common form of tularemia in some regions. OPT may +cause tonsillopharyngitis followed by cervical lymphadenopathies (LAPs). Without +treatment LAP may persist for several months and may mimic other diseases causing +cervical LAPs. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of six cases of OPT, five male and one female, +between 21 and 31 years old, diagnosed serologically and clinically recorded in +GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital were included in this study. Detailed story +including the region they lived for last 6 months, their occupation, family and +neighborhood story with similar complaints were obtained. Patient data were also +obtained from manually written patients files and electronical patient file +system. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of all biopsy material +were submitted for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study for F. tularensis. +RESULTS: A total of six cases with head and neck mass following a story of +tonsillopharyngitis admitted to different clinics including infectious diseases, +ear-nose-throat and internal medicine in our tertiary care hospital. Physical +examination revealed immobile, hard, conglomerated unilateral cervical +lymphadenopathy in all cases. Histopathological examination revealed +granulomatous inflammation in four cases. Acute suppurative inflammatory changes +were also seen in two cases. Large necrotic areas mimicking casseifying necrosis +were seen in two cases. PCR amplification of F. tularensis genom from isolated +deoxyribonucleic acids was successful in five cases. +CONCLUSION: Tularemia should be kept in mind in patients with tonsillopharyngitis +not responding to penicillins and beta lactam antibiotics. Furthermore, +persisting LAPs mimicking tumor with or without the story of previously +experienced sore throat or tonsillopharyngitis in past few days or weeks should +be evaluated for glandular or OPT. At this point, easily applicable serological +tests such as tularemia micro-agglutination tests will confirm the diagnosis of +OPT. However, if lymph node were already sampled to exclude especially malignancy +or T cell lymphoma, tularemia PCR test may be used to make a certain diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.120381 +PMID: 24152503 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +602. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Jul-Sep;56(3):221-30. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.120371. + +The effect of the alternative solutions to formaldehyde and xylene on tissue +processing. + +Aydin I(1), Yörükoglu K, Cingöz S, Agilkaya S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, +Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION AND AIM: To assess the impact of new alternative solutions to +formaldehyde and xylene on tissue processing, 13 different tissue processings +were designed and performed on thirteen different tissues by using five different +fixatives (formaldehyde, Glyo-Fixx®, FineFix®, Cell-block®, Green-Fix®) and four +different clearing agents (xylene, Sub-X®, Bio-clear®, Shandon Xylene +Substitute®). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hematoxylin and Eosine stained sections were compared by +using qualitative histomorphological criterions. Histochemical and +immunohistochemical (IHC) staining results were compared with qualitative and +quantitative data obtained by a computer program, respectively. Tissue sections +were tested for the availability of chromogenic in situ hybridization, +deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction, and DNA +quality by polymerase chain reaction. +RESULTS: The quality of sections was well for all tissue processings. All +alternative solutions were suitable for histochemistry. IHC staining results +showed that alternative solutions that contain glyoxal as active agent need +optimization for this application. The clearance of signals with chromogenic in +situ hybridization were nearly same and well for all tissue samples. Furthermore, +tissue processes that do not contain formaldehyde were found to be superior on +preservation of nucleic acids. +CONCLUSION: Formaldehyde-free fixatives and alternative clearing agents have +potential in routine pathology and research to replace formaldehyde and xylene. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.120371 +PMID: 24152498 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +603. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Jul-Sep;56(3):211-5. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.120367. + +Clinical and histopathological characteristics of cutaneous Leishmaniasis in +Sanliurfa City of Turkey including Syrian refugees. + +Koçarslan S(1), Turan E, Ekinci T, Yesilova Y, Apari R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medicine Faculty, Harran Universty, Sanliurfa, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical and +histopathological characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the city of +Sanliurfa in Turkey, where Syrian refugees also reside. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: At the Harran University Hospital outpatient clinics +between 2012 and 2013, 54 CL cases, including 24 Syrian patients, underwent punch +biopsy of the skin and/or a touch imprint. Patients in whom leishmania parasites +were detected were included in the study. The clinical and histopathological data +of the patients were obtained by a review of the patients' medical records. All +the slides of each patient were re-evaluated histopathologically. +RESULTS: Fifty-four cases (mean age; 17 ± 12 years), consisting of 32 males +(59.3%) and 22 females (40.7%), were examined. The most common site of +involvement was the face (63%). The most common presentation was noduloulcerative +lesions (57.4%). Histopathologically, the majority of the cases exhibited +hyperkeratosis, follicular plugging of the epidermis, chronic inflammatory +infiltration, leishmania amastigotes and non-caseating granulomatous inflammation +in the dermis. +CONCLUSION: CL presents with a wide spectrum of expression, both clinically and +histologically, and may mimic other inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. The +diagnosis of CL relies on the identification of leishmania amastigotes in either +a direct smear of the lesion or in a tissue section. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.120367 +PMID: 24152496 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +604. Diagn Pathol. 2013 Oct 14;8:167. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-167. + +Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia: histomorphological and +immunohistochemical features. + +Akdur NC(1), Donmez M, Gozel S, Ustun H, Hucumenoglu S. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. mdonmezm@gmail.com. + +BACKGROUND: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a benign +intravascular process with features mimicking other benign and malignant vascular +proliferations. IPEH lesions predominate in the head-neck region and the +extremities. The characteristic histomorphological feature of IPEH is a papillary +structure covered with hyperplastic endothelial cells within the vascular lumen. +It is critical that this clinically benign lesion should not be mistaken for +well-differentiated vascular tumors. In addition to the characteristic +histological features, other useful diagnostic features included the +intra-luminal location of the lesion, an intimate association with the organizing +thrombus, the absence of necrosis, cellular pleomorphism, and mitotic activity. +In addition, immunohistochemistry may indicate the vascular origin and +proliferative index. In this study, we evaluated histomorphological and +immunohistochemical findings (CD31, CD34, FVIII, type IV collagen, SMA, MSA, +CD105, and Ki-67 staining) of ten IPEH cases. +METHODS: Ten IPEH cases were re-examined for a panel of histomorphological and +immunohistochemical features. CD31, CD34, FVIII, Type IV collagen, SMA and MSA +antibodies utilized for immunohistochemical analysis.The histomorphological and +immunohistochemical findings were evaluated by two independent pathologists using +light microscopy. +RESULTS: All ten cases involved intraluminal lesions with characteristic features +of IPEH. All ten cases (100%) were stained positive for CD31 and CD34. The degree +of staining with FVIII, type IV collagen, SMA, and MSA was variable. +CONCLUSION: In this series of specimens, CD31 and CD34 were the most sensitive +markers indicating the vascular origin of the lesion. Staining for the other +vascular markers (FVIII, type IV collagen, SMA and MSA) was variable. Different +maturation degrees of lesions may account for the variation in +immunohistochemical staining. Few previous investigations evaluated a wide range +of antigen panels in IPEH sections. In our opinion, the evaluation of immune +markers in a larger sample set will reveal new features in the maturity and +developmental pathogenesis of vascular lesions and angiogenesis. IPEH is a benign +lesion, which must be differentiated from malignant tumors such as angiosarcoma +and Kaposi's sarcoma. Improved definition of IPEH lesions using +immunohistochemical markers may enhance the ability to differentiate between +various vascular lesions. +VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: +http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1381849312101856. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-167 +PMCID: PMC4016006 +PMID: 24125024 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +605. Acta Cytol. 2013;57(6):581-4. doi: 10.1159/000353824. Epub 2013 Oct 1. + +Is the low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion/atypical squamous cells cannot +exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion category associated with +cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2? + +Cetiner H(1), Kır G, Kaygusuz E, Sağlıcan Y, Kabaca C. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Zeynep Kamil Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: A number of cervical smears may exhibit unequivocal low-grade squamous +intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in association with atypical cells +cytomorphologically suspicious, but not sufficient to be interpreted as +high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). These lesions are presently +called LSIL, atypical squamous cells cannot exclude HSIL (LSIL/ASC-H). Previous +studies have shown that LSIL/ASC-H and ASC-H are both equivocal for HSIL and have +a high risk of underlying HSIL. However, in researching the literature only two +studies were found which rendered the results as cervical intraepithelial +neoplasia (CIN) 2 and CIN3 separately. The purpose of this study was to compare +the distribution of biopsy results for CIN2 and CIN3 in patients with ASC-H, +HSIL, and LSIL/ASC-H. +STUDY DESIGN: Between January 2005 and December 2011, cervicovaginal smears +(98,594) with a diagnosis of ASC-H, LSIL, LSIL/ASC-H, or HSIL were re-evaluated +to determine the prevalence of future lesion development. +RESULTS: A total of 252 patients who had histologic follow-up within a year were +selected. Among these, LSIL/ASC-H (31.7%) had the highest prevalence of CIN2 +between LSIL (9.3%), ASC-H (10%), and HSIL (16%). All differences were +statistically significant. +CONCLUSION: Because of the high predictive value of CIN2, LSIL/ASC-H may have +further importance, especially in women of different age groups. + +DOI: 10.1159/000353824 +PMID: 24107612 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +606. Toxicol Pathol. 2014 Aug;42(6):1032-40. doi: 10.1177/0192623313503517. Epub 2013 +Sep 25. + +Carbaryl-induced histopathologic alterations in the digestive tract of the +Levantine frog, Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae). + +Çakici Ö(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Zoology Section, Science Faculty, Ege University, +İzmir, Turkey ozlem.cakici@ege.edu.tr. + +In this study, histopathologic changes following carbaryl exposure for 96 hr were +investigated in the digestive tract of Levantine frog, Pelophylax bedriagae. +Adult frogs were exposed to carbaryl once by oral gavage in concentrations of +0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mg/g. Histopathological changes were more prominent in medium- +(0.1 mg/g) and high-dose (0.2 mg/g) groups than in the low-dose (0.05 mg/g) +group. Esophageal cells showed vacuolization, cellular swelling, nuclear +pyknosis, karyolysis, and necrosis. Additionally, esophageal glandular atrophy +and infiltration of inflammatory cells around esophageal glands were observed at +medium and high doses. In the stomach, there were prominent histopathologic +defects such as cellular swelling and necrosis in gastric glands, necrotic cells +within the interstitial spaces, separation of epithelial cell layer, congested +vessels, and hemorrhage at medium and high doses. In the intestine, detachment of +epithelial layer, epithelial cell disorganization, inflammation, and necrosis +were detected at medium and high doses. The results of this study showed that +carbaryl caused adverse effects on the digestive tract of the Levantine frog, P. +bedriagae. + +© 2013 by The Author(s). + +DOI: 10.1177/0192623313503517 +PMID: 24067672 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +607. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Apr-Jun;56(2):129-34. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.118690. + +Importance of P53, Ki-67 expression in the differential diagnosis of +benign/malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast. + +Kucuk U(1), Bayol U, Pala EE, Cumurcu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Conventionally growth pattern, stromal overgrowth, stromal +cellularity and stromal mitotic activity are the main parameters in the grading +of phyllodes tumors (PTs). Recent studies revealed that both p53 and Ki-67 +expressions are correlated with grade of PTs of the breast. Expression of hormone +receptors and overexpression/amplification of HER2 has been studied in PTs to +discover the roles of these markers as new treatment modalities. +MATERIALS AND METHOD: We studied 26 PT cases. Seventeen benign and nine malignant +PTs were re-evaluated as regards stromal cellularity mitotic activity, p53/Ki-67 +expression rates and the relation between these parameters. Estrogen receptor and +progesterone receptor (ER, PR) positivity were determined by counting nuclear +staining in five high-power fields. Also, the presence of any HER2 staining and +staining patterns were documanted. +RESULTS: Stromal cellularity, mitotic rate, p53 and Ki-67 expression rates were +all correlated with benign and malignant histologic subgroups (P = 0.000-0.001). +Ki-67 and p53 expressions were statistically significantly correlated with +histologic subgroups, stromal cellularity and mitotic rate (P < 0.005). ER and PR +expressions in the epithelial component were not statistically significant +between the two groups. HER2 showed different staining patterns in the epithelial +component, and there was no staining in the stromal component. +CONCLUSION: Ki-67 and p53 expression rates were statistically significantly +correlated with grade of mammary PTs; therefore, they can be used in the +determination of tumor grade, especially for the differential diagnosis of benign +and malignant tumors. Malignant and benign tumors did not differ significantly in +terms of hormone receptor and HER2 expression. HER2 expression showed different +patterns in the epithelial component of the PTs. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.118690 +PMID: 24056649 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +608. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Nov;209(11):727-30. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.08.006. Epub +2013 Aug 24. + +Lack of association of hepatic estrogen receptor-alpha expression with +histopathological and biochemical findings in chronic hepatitis C. + +Erkan G(1), Yilmaz G, Cengiz M, Degertekin CK, Akyol G, Ozenirler S. + +Author information: +(1)Ufuk University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, +06520 Balgat, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: gcanbaloglu@gmail.com. + +Estrogens exert a protective effect against hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Loss +of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) in the liver is associated with hepatic +steatosis and inflammation in animal models. We conducted a study in order to +investigate the presence and extent of ER-α expression in HCV infection, and its +relationship with histological and biochemical findings. Ninety biopsy-proven +chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients were enrolled in the study. Liver biopsy +specimens were immunohistochemically stained for ER-α expression. Nuclear ER-α +expression percentage was calculated. ER-α was positive in 69 of the patients +(76%). ER-α positive and negative groups were not significantly different in +terms of age, gender, necroinflammatory activity, fibrosis, steatosis, serum +levels of AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, and bilirubin. ER-α expression percentage was not +correlated with fibrosis, steatosis, necroinflammatory activity and biochemical +findings. Although estrogens are known to be protective against fibrosis and +steatosis in animal models, we did not find any significant correlation between +ER-α expression and histopathological and biochemical findings in CHC patients. +These findings should be verified in further large scale studies. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.08.006 +PMID: 24054032 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +609. Diagn Pathol. 2013 Sep 17;8:151. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-151. + +Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in gastric adenocarcinoma: impact on +lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. + +Karadayı N(1), Kandemır NO, Yavuzer D, Korkmaz T, Gecmen G, Kokturk F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, +Zonguldak, Turkey. niluferkandemir@yahoo.com. + +BACKGROUND: Lymphatic metastasis is the most important parameter in the spread of +gastric carcinomas. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that plays an +important role in inflammation and carcinogenesis. In this study, the possible +link between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression with +lymphangiogenesis and the clinicopathological parameters of gastric carcinomas +was investigated. +METHODS: In this study, iNOS expression and D2-40 (lymphatic endothelium-specific +marker monoclonal antibody) reactivity were examined immunohistochemically in 41 +gastric adenocarcinoma and 20 non-neoplastic gastric tissues. iNOS expression was +scored semiquantitatively in the tumor parenchyma and stroma. D2-40-positive +lymphatic vessels were used in the determination of lymphatic invasion and +intratumoral and peritumoral lymphatic vascular density. +RESULTS: iNOS expression was higher in gastric carcinoma tissue compared with +non-neoplastic tissue. Particularly, iNOS expression in tumor cells was found to +be closely related to lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. The density of +lymphatic invasion as well as intratumoral and peritumoral lymphatic vascular +density were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. +CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that iNOS-mediated NO formation plays an +important role in gastric carcinogenesis, tumor lymphangiogenesis, and the +development of lymphatic metastases. Inhibition of the NO pathway may be an +alternative treatment of gastric carcinomas. +VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slides for this article can be found here: +http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1713572940104388. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-151 +PMCID: PMC3856621 +PMID: 24044375 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +610. APMIS. 2014 May;122(5):412-7. doi: 10.1111/apm.12159. Epub 2013 Sep 6. + +Interaction between caspofungin or voriconazole and cefoperazone-sulbactam or +piperacillin-tazobactam by in vitro and in vivo methods. + +Keçeli SA(1), Willke A, Tamer GS, Boral OB, Sonmez N, Cağatay P. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Microbiology, Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, +Kocaeli, Turkey. + +Immunosuppressive patients are at risk of fungal and bacterial infections. +Therefore, these patients receive prophylactic, preemptive, empirical or target +antifungal and concomitant antibiotic therapy. To this end, caspofungin (CAS) or +voriconazole (VRC) antifungals and cefoperazone-sulbactam (CPZ/SAM) or +piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) antibiotics may be used. Here, we aimed to +investigate the interaction between these antifungals and antibiotics by in vitro +and in vivo methods. The interaction was tested by chequerboard analysis and +fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). It was also tested in a +neutropenic mice-invasive candidiasis model and evaluated by fungal burden in +kidney tissue of infected animals from the first day to the fifth day of +treatment with 24 h intervals. A synergism was detected between CAS and CPZ/SAM +(FICI = 0.1) and PIP/TAZ (FICI = 0.3). Fungal burden in tissues of drug-treated +mice was reduced compared with controls in a time-dependent manner. In comparison +with CAS-alone treated group, there were 1.32 log10 reductions of fungal burden +in CAS + CPZ/SAM (p = 0.002) and in CAS + PIP/TAZ group (p = 0.14). The same +interactions were not found with VRC and antibiotics. CPZ/SAM had stronger +synergistic interaction with CAS than PIP/TAZ. The mechanism of synergism is not +well understood. This is most likely due to an increase in the anticandidal +effect of CAS plus antibiotics. + +© 2013 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12159 +PMID: 24033828 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +611. Cytopathology. 2014 Jun;25(3):185-9. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12093. Epub 2013 Sep 11. + +Hürthle cell presence alters the distribution and outcome of categories in the +Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. + +Yazgan A(1), Balci S, Dincer N, Kiyak G, Tuzun D, Ersoy R, Cakir B, Guler G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yildirim Beyazit University Ankara Ataturk Research +and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine whether the presence of Hürthle cells altered +the distribution of categories in the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid +cytopathology, or the expected neoplastic and malignant outcome. +METHODS: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology reports of Hürthle cells in a +2-year period were evaluated. The distribution of Bethesda system categories and +the outcome at partial or complete thyroidectomy were compared for FNAs with and +without Hürthle cells. +RESULTS: Of 895 adequate FNAs with Hürthle cells, 764 (85.4%) were classified as +benign, 86 (9.6%) as atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of +undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), 32 (3.6%) as follicular neoplasm/suspicious +for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN), 12 (1.3%) as suspicious for malignancy (SFM) +and one (0.1%) as malignant. Of 10 359 adequate FNAs without Hürthle cells, 9707 +(93.7%) were classified as benign, 412 (4.0%) as AUS/FLUS, 77 (0.7%) as FN/SFN, +93 (0.9%) as SFM and 70 (0.7%) as malignant. The distribution of categories in +FNAs with and without Hürthle cells was significantly different (P < 0.001) as a +result of a decrease in benign and an increase in AUS/FLUS and FN/SFN categories. +Among 128 patients with and 582 without Hürthle cells undergoing surgery, the +overall neoplastic and malignancy rates were higher in the former than in the +latter group (27.3% versus 14.9%, P < 0.001; 21.1% versus 11.7%, P = 0.003; +respectively). Although neoplastic and malignant rates were higher in the group +with than without Hürthle cells in all categories, the differences were only +significant for a neoplastic outcome of benign cytology (15.1% versus 6.0%, +P = 0.0013) and a malignant outcome of FN/SFN cytology (63.6% versus 21.9%, +P = 0.0108). +CONCLUSIONS: We found that the rates of AUS/FLUS and FN/SFN categories in the +Bethesda system were higher when Hürthle cells were present. After surgery, +neoplastic and malignant outcomes were significantly higher in the Hürthle cell +group. + +© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12093 +PMID: 24024935 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +612. Int J Exp Pathol. 2013 Oct;94(5):352. doi: 10.1111/iep.12032_1. + +Mitochondrial DNA depletion may also have a role in pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. + +Kurt B(1), Gulcan-Kurt Y, Cayci T, Akgul EO. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Medical Academy +and Medical School, GATA, Patoloji Anabilim Dalı, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. + +Comment in + Int J Exp Pathol. 2013 Oct;94(5):353. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12032_1 +PMCID: PMC3781782 +PMID: 24020408 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +613. Pathology. 2013 Oct;45(6):622-4. doi: 10.1097/PAT.0b013e32836536e9. + +Thyroid-like papillary adenocarcinoma of the nasopharynx with focal thyroglobulin +expression. + +Ozer S(1), Kayahan B, Cabbarzade C, Bugdayci M, Kosemehmetoglu K, Yucel OT. + +Author information: +(1)*Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head +and Neck Surgery †Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAT.0b013e32836536e9 +PMID: 24018817 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +614. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Nov;209(11):710-5. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.08.005. Epub +2013 Aug 16. + +Ultrastructural changes in blood vessels in epidermal growth factor treated +experimental cutaneous wound model. + +Kılıçaslan SM(1), Cevher SC, Peker EG. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Education, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. Electronic +address: smskilicaslan@anadolu.edu.tr. + +This study investigates the impact of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on blood +vessels, specifically on the development of intussusceptive angiogenesis in +cutaneous wound healing. Excisional wounds were formed on both sides of the +medulla spinalis in dorsal location of the rats. The control and EGF-treated +groups were divided into two groups with respect to sacrifice day: 5 d and 7 d. +EGF was topically applied to the EGF-treated group once a day. The wound tissue +was removed from rats, embedded in araldite and paraffin, and then examined under +transmission electron and light microscopes. The ultrastructural signs of +intussusceptive angiogenesis, such as intraluminal protrusion of endothelial +cells and formation of the contact zone of opposite endothelial cells, were +observed in the wound. Our statistical analyses, based on light microscopy +observations, also confirm that EGF treatment induces intussusceptive +angiogenesis. Moreover, we found that induction of EGF impact on intussusceptive +angiogenesis is higher on the 7th day of treatment than on the 5th day. This +implies that the duration of EGF treatment is important. This research clarifies +the effects of EGF on the vessels and proves that EGF induces intussusceptive +angiogenesis, being a newer model with respect to sprouting type. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.08.005 +PMID: 24011796 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +615. Cytopathology. 2014 Jun;25(3):177-84. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12091. Epub 2013 Sep 2. + +The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: an institutional +experience of the outcome of indeterminate categories. + +Onder S(1), Firat P, Ates D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the efficacy of the Bethesda system +(TBS) for reporting thyroid cytopathology in determining the risk of malignancy +for indeterminate cases. These cases comprised atypia or follicular lesion of +undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), follicular neoplasia or suspicious for +follicular neoplasia (FN/SFN) and suspicious for malignancy (SM) categories. +AUS/FLUS cases were further subcategorized according to their patterns, and the +malignancy rate for each subcategory was calculated. +METHODS: A total of 6310 thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) cases were analysed +and 655 indeterminate cases were enrolled in the study. AUS/FLUS cases were +further subcategorized into four patterns as follows: papillary thyroid carcinoma +(PTC) pattern, microfollicle pattern, atypical cell pattern and Hürthle cell +pattern. +RESULTS: Malignancy rates for AUS/FLUS, FN/SFN and SM were 18.9%, 45.7% and 71%, +respectively. Malignancy rates for AUS/FLUS subcategories were as follows: PTC +pattern, 28%; microfollicle pattern, 6.9%; atypical cell pattern, 22.2%; and +Hürthle cell pattern, 0%. +CONCLUSION: The Bethesda system categorizes thyroid FNAs with increasing risk of +malignancy as advocated. However, our findings suggest that the risk of +malignancy for AUS/FLUS might be higher than estimated. Particularly, AUS/FLUS +cases with focal features suggestive of PTC seem to be associated with a much +higher risk of malignancy than other patterns. + +© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12091 +PMID: 23998291 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +616. Am J Pathol. 2013 Oct;183(4):1096-1112. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.005. Epub +2013 Aug 27. + +Targeted therapy for breast cancer. + +Mohamed A(1), Krajewski K(1), Cakar B(2), Ma CX(3). + +Author information: +(1)Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of +Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. +(2)Ege University School of Medicine, Tulay Aktas Oncology Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. +(3)Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of +Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University +School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: cma@dom.wustl.edu. + +Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases that are clinically subdivided +as hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive +(HER2(+)), and triple-negative breast cancer, to guide therapeutic interventions. +Agents that target estrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 are among the most successful +cancer therapeutics. However, de novo or acquired resistance is common, despite +the development of newer agents against these pathways. As our understanding of +tumor biology improves, novel targets are being identified. Notably, inhibitors +against several pathways [including, among others, the phosphoinositide +3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR), cell-cycle regulation, heat +shock protein, and epigenetic pathways] have demonstrated promising activity in +clinical trials, and the mTOR-inhibitor everolimus has been approved for advanced +or metastatic aromatase inhibitor-resistant ER(+) breast cancer. At present, +there are no established targeted agents for triple-negative breast cancer +(negative ER, progesterone receptor, and HER2). Although poly(ADP-ribose) +polymerase inhibitors have shown promising activity in BRCA-related cancers, its +value in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancers remains to be +demonstrated. In this Review, we present a basic understanding of the major +targeted agents in current practice and under development for the treatment of +breast cancer in the context of the three clinical subgroups. + +Copyright © 2013 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by +Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.07.005 +PMID: 23988612 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +617. J Oral Pathol Med. 2014 Feb;43(2):103-10. doi: 10.1111/jop.12106. Epub 2013 Aug +19. + +The effect of low-level laser therapy on the healing of hard palate mucosa and +the oxidative stress status of rats. + +Firat ET(1), Dağ A, Günay A, Kaya B, Karadede Mİ, Ersöz Kanay B, Ketani A, +Evliyaoğlu O, Uysal E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, +Diyarbakır, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The biostimulation effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) have been +demonstrated recently. This study investigated the effects of LLLT on palatal +mucoperiosteal wound healing and oxidative stress status in rats. +MATERIAL AND METHOD: Forty-two male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were used in +this study. A standardized full-thickness wound was created in the mucoperiosteum +of the hard palates of the rats using a 3-mm-diameter biopsy punch. Treatment +using a GaAlAs laser at a wavelength of 940 nm and a dose of 10 J/cm(2) was +initiated after surgery and repeated on the 2nd, 4th, and 6th days post-surgery. +Seven animals from each group were sacrificed on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days +after surgery. Total antioxidant status and total oxidative status were measured +in serum. +RESULTS: The histopathological findings revealed reduced numbers of inflammatory +cells on the 7th day, increased mitotic activity of fibroblasts on the 14th and +21st day, and the same degree of collagen synthesis and vascularization on the +days 7, 14, and 21 in the LLLT group compared with the control group. No +significant differences in total oxidative status and total antioxidant status +were observed between the groups. +CONCLUSION: LLLT using a GaAlAs laser at a wavelength of 940 nm and a dose of 10 +J/cm(2) elicited a positive healing effect on palatal mucoperiosteal wounds +likely via the induction of fibroblasts. The oxidative stress status was not +affected by LLLT. + +© 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/jop.12106 +PMID: 23952682 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +618. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Oct;209(10):627-34. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.07.002. Epub +2013 Jul 26. + +Epithelial expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer/CD147 and +matrix metalloproteinase-2 in neoplasms and precursor lesions derived from +cutaneous squamous cells: An immunohistochemical study. + +Ayva SK(1), Karabulut AA, Akatli AN, Atasoy P, Bozdogan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University School of Medicine, 79. sok 7/4 +Bahcelievler, 06490 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ekupana@yahoo.com. + +Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (CD147) is a transmembrane +glycoprotein involved in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The +study investigated CD147 and MMP-2 expression in epidermis of cutaneous squamous +lesions. CD147 and MMP-2 expressions were evaluated immunohistochemically in 44 +specimens: 18 actinic keratoses (AK), 6 squamous cell carcinomas in situ (SCCIS), +13 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC; peritumoral and invasive portions assessed), +and 7 normal skins. Patterns of expression were assessed, with MMP-2 in nuclei +(MMP-2n) and cytoplasm (MMP-2c) evaluated separately. The expression of each +marker was quantified using a calculated immunohistochemical/histologic score +(H-score). Correlations were analyzed for the marker H-scores in each study +group. Associations between H-scores and histopathologic parameters were also +evaluated. CD147 H-score was the highest in SCC (invasive islands), followed by +AK, SCCIS, and control specimens, respectively. MMP-2n and MMP-2c H-scores were +the highest in AK, followed by SCCIS, SCC, and control specimens, respectively. +MMP-2c and MMP-2n H-scores were significantly higher in peritumoral epidermis +than in invasive islands of SCC. MMP-2c and CD147 H-scores were positively +correlated in the peritumoral SCCs. CD147 H-score was positively correlated with +tumor differentiation in SCC. The findings suggest that overexpression of CD147 +plays a role in the development of SCC. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.07.002 +PMID: 23948694 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +619. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Jan-Mar;56(1):40-2. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.116147. + +Metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the nasopharynx. + +Atar Y(1), Topaloglu I, Ozcan D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yenikent Government Hospital, Sakarya, +Turkey. + +Metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx, nasal cavity, and paranasal +sinuses can be misdiagnosed as primary malignant or benign diseases. A +33-year-old male attended our outpatient clinic complaining of difficulty +breathing through the nose, bloody nasal discharge, postnasal drop, snoring, and +discharge of phlegm. Endoscopic nasopharyngeal examination showed a vascularized +nasopharyngeal mass. Under general anesthesia, multiple punch biopsies were taken +from the nasopharynx. Pathologically, the tumor cells had clear cytoplasm and +were arranged in a trabecular pattern lined by a layer of endothelial cells. +After the initial pathological examination, the pathologist requested more +information about the patient's clinical status. A careful history revealed that +the patient had undergone left a nephrectomy for a kidney mass diagnosed as renal +cell carcinoma 3 years earlier. Subsequently, nasopharyngeal metastatic renal +cell carcinoma was diagnosed by immunohistochemical staining with CD10 and +vimentin. Radiotherapy was recommended for treatment. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.116147 +PMID: 23924557 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +620. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2013 Jan-Mar;56(1):10-5. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.116141. + +Immunohistochemical expression of p63, p53 in urinary bladder carcinoma. + +Koyuncuer A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Goztepe Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Urothelial carcinomas (UC) is of the most common cancers urinary +bladder. +AIM: The aim of the study is to assess the immunohistochemical staining +differences between p63 and p53 according to the pathological stage and +histological grade of the tumor in urinary bladder carcinomas. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 62 urinary bladder transurethral resection +materials diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma in the pathology department of our +hospital were included in the study. On pathological examination, cases were +dichotomized as noninvasive and invasive, whereas noninvasive cases were +dichotomized as low grade and high grade and invasive cases were dichotomized as +pT1 and pT2. Subsequently, the cases were evaluated by means of p63 and p53 +immunohistochemical staining. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS +program, and Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. +RESULTS: When pTa was evaluated in terms of p63 immunoreactivity, no +statistically significant difference was observed between LGPUC and HGPUC, +noninvasive papillary UC, regarding staining percentages ( P > 0.05), whereas +statistically significant relation was observed for pT1 and pT2 regarding p63 +staining percentages ( P < 0.05). For pTa, no statistically significant relation +was observed between LGPUC and HGPUC, noninvasive papillary UC, in terms of p53 +staining percentages ( P > 0.05). However, highly significant relationship was +observed for pT1 and pT2 in terms of p53 staining percentages ( P < 0.01). No +significant relationship was observed between the staining percentages of p53 and +p63 ( P > 0.05). +CONCLUSION: The role of p53 and p63 immunoreactivities in the differential +diagnosis and prognosis of urinary bladder carcinomas according to the +pathological stage and histological grade of the tumor will be understood better +with the increasing number of long term investigations performed with large +series at a molecular level. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.116141 +PMID: 23924551 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +621. Exp Mol Pathol. 2013 Oct;95(2):213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2013.07.007. Epub 2013 +Jul 31. + +Vitamin E modulates apoptosis and c-jun N-terminal kinase activation in ovarian +torsion-detorsion injury. + +Sapmaz-Metin M(1), Topcu-Tarladacalisir Y, Uz YH, Inan M, Omurlu IK, +Cerkezkayabekir A, Kizilay G, Akpolat M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya +University, Edirne, Turkey. Electronic address: melikesapmaz@yahoo.com. + +Erratum in + Exp Mol Pathol. 2013 Dec;95(3):392. + +The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of vitamin E in follicular +degeneration and to assess histopathological and biochemical changes following +ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat ovaries. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats +were randomly divided into four groups: sham, 4h torsion, 24h detorsion, and a +vitamin E group. Thirty minutes before detorsion, a single dose of 200mg/kg +vitamin E was administered intraperitoneally. The ovarian histology score was +determined, serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were +measured. The apoptosis of granulosa cells and the phospho-c-jun N-terminal +kinase (p-JNK) and phospho-p38 (p-p38) immunoreactivities of these cells were +determined. MDA and MPO levels were significantly increased in the torsion and +detorsion groups. Hemorrhage, edema, and congestion were also apparent in these +groups. In addition, the apoptotic index and the immunoreactivity of p-JNK were +highest in the detorsion group, which also showed marked follicular degeneration. +However, p-p38 activity was not affected by torsion-detorsion (TD) induction. +Vitamin E ameliorated TD-induced histological alterations. It also decreased +serum levels of MDA and MPO, reduced the activity of p-JNK in the ovaries, and +reduced numbers of apoptotic follicular cells. In conclusion, these data indicate +that vitamin E attenuated ovarian follicular degeneration by inhibiting the +immunoreactivity of p-JNK and reducing the apoptosis of granulosa cells. + +© 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2013.07.007 +PMID: 23911905 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +622. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Sep;209(9):548-54. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.05.008. Epub +2013 Jun 27. + +HER2 status in gastric cancer: a comparison of two novel in situ hybridization +methods (IQ FISH and dual color SISH) and two immunohistochemistry methods (A0485 +and HercepTest™). + +Pala EE(1), Bayol U, Ozguzer A, Akman O. + +Author information: +(1)Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Pathology Department, Turkey. +Electronic address: emelozkok@yahoo.com. + +In contrast to breast HER2 testing, the optimal ISH method and antibody for +gastric HER2 testing are unclear. The aim of this study was to find out gastric +HER2 positivity rates in our institutional data, and to compare the two novel ISH +methods with A0485 antibody and HercepTest™. IHC and ISH were carried out on +gastrectomy specimens of 88 patients up to the standardly advised procedure +protocols, and interpretations were also carried out up to widely accepted +international protocols., HER2 expression was (-) in 65, (+) in 5, (++) in 6, and +(+++) in 12 cases by A0485 IHC. IHC (+) 4 cases and (++) 3 cases were (-) by +HercepTest™. One IHC (-) amplified case was (++) by HercepTest™. All A0485 and +HercepTest™ (+++) 12 cases were amplified by ISH. HER2 amplification was detected +in 18 (20.4%) and in 15 (17.2%) cases by SISH and FISH, respectively. Of the 18 +cases, 4 showed focal heterogeneous low level amplification by SISH. Focal +amplification was noted in only 2 cases by FISH. The HER2 status of our gastric +cancer file is 17.2% by FISH, 20.4% by SISH. The concordance between +HercepTest™/A0485 IHC and ISH is perfect in (+++) cases. Equivocal results (++) +with any IHC method should be clarified by one of the molecular methods (SISH and +FISH). Probably up to the higher level of heterogeneity of gastric carcinomas, +there is a 4.5% dilemma of cases that are negative or weakly positive by +conventional IHC methods. Therefore, regarding HER2 status in gastric carcinoma, +the reliability of IHC methods should be checked. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.05.008 +PMID: 23910175 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +623. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2013 Sep;34(3):267-70. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182a0a430. + +Evaluation of forensic deaths during the month of Ramadan in Konya, Turkey, +between 2000 and 2009. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Koc S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Necmettin Erbakan +University, Turkey. + +Ramadan is a holy month for Muslim people and includes long fasting periods. +During Ramadan, practicing Muslims not only fast, but they also abstain from any +kind of medication, smoking, sexual intercourse, and alcohol from sunrise to +sunset. In the 10-year period between 2000 and 2009, it was determined that a +total of 4881 death examinations and autopsies were performed at the Konya Branch +of the Forensic Medicine Council (Turkey). All of the reports were +retrospectively evaluated for demographic features of the cases and the manner of +death. In the studied time period, a total of 491 deaths (10.1%) occurred in +Ramadan. The manner of death was accident in 369 (75.2%) of the cases in Ramadan, +3107 (70.8%) of the other cases; suicide in 27 (5.5%) of the cases in Ramadan, +367 (8.4%) of the other cases; and homicide in 28 (5.7%) of the cases in Ramadan, +375 (8.5%) of the other cases. There was a significant statistical difference in +terms of the manner of death between the deaths in Ramadan and in the remaining +part of the year (P < 0.05). Our study suggested that there was an increase in +accidental and natural deaths and a decrease in suicide and homicides in Ramadan. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182a0a430 +PMID: 23883868 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +624. Acta Cytol. 2013;57(4):332-6. doi: 10.1159/000351169. Epub 2013 Jul 12. + +Fine needle aspiration cytopathology of liver masses: 101 cases with +cyto-/histopathological analysis. + +Kaçar Özkara S(1), Ozöver Tuneli I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. +emrecan1999@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: Appropriate clinical management of a hepatic mass depends on its +accurate diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of +percutaneous fine needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of +suspicious liver masses in our center. +STUDY DESIGN: Cytopathology and histopathology databases were searched for +patients undergoing combined, image-guided percutaneous FNAC and biopsy sampling +of liver mass lesions in 2006-2011. All patients had one or more radiologically +detected lesion and clinical suspicion of neoplastic disease. Sensitivity, +specificity and accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of liver lesions were +determined using histopathological diagnoses on liver biopsy as a gold standard. +RESULTS: Of 101 patients, cytopathological diagnoses were nonneoplastic in 10 +cases while 10 cases were suspicious for neoplasms and 71 were malignant. In 10 +patients (9.9%), FNA samples were inadequate for assessment. Final +histopathological diagnoses were nonneoplastic in 7 cases, benign tumoral in 5 +and malignant in 89 cases (88.1%). Of the malignancies, 22 (24.7%) were +hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and 60 (67.4%) were metastatic tumors on final +clinicohistopathological analysis. The remaining 7 (7.8%) patients had other +primary hepatic malignancies. Fifteen of the 22 (68.2%) HCC cases were +specifically diagnosed by FNAC. In 28 of the metastatic tumors, the primary organ +site was unknown, followed by gastrointestinal malignancies in 17 cases. Overall, +sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values +of FNAC in the diagnosis of neoplastic lesions were 96.3, 90.0, 95.6, 98.7 and +75.0%, respectively. Discrepancy in cyto-/histopathological data was mainly seen +in nonrepresentative FNAC cases. +CONCLUSION: FNAC of liver masses is a highly accurate technique that can be used +to identify the majority of primary/metastatic hepatic neoplasias with high +specificity. A combined cyto-/histopathological approach provides higher accuracy +in the diagnosis and typing of hepatic tumors, which may affect therapeutic +decisions. Correlation of cytopathology with clinicoradiological findings is +helpful to increase overall accuracy of the procedure. + +Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000351169 +PMID: 23860474 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +625. Acta Cytol. 2013;57(4):359-63. doi: 10.1159/000350905. Epub 2013 Jul 12. + +Interactions of actinomyces -like organisms with host cells: light microscopic +examination. + +Akyüzlü DK(1), Demirezen S, Beksaç MS. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To determine the interactions of Actinomyces-like organisms (ALOs) +with host cells, including vaginal epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes +(PMNLs) and erythrocytes, using Pap smear microscopy and based on their light +microscopic appearances. +STUDY DESIGN: Cervicovaginal samples obtained from 200 patients were examined by +both Pap smear microscopy and anaerobic culturing. Since the results obtained by +these methods were not concordant for diagnosis of genital Actinomyces, the +results of Pap smear microscopy were used as a reference, and the smears with +ALOs were carefully screened with regard to interactions of ALOs with host cells. +RESULTS: ALOs were detected as attached to vaginal epithelial cells, PMNLs and +erythrocytes via their filament-like structures. At some attachment sites, the +epithelial cell membrane and filaments of ALOs were almost fused with each other. +A group of PMNLs surrounded the ALOs. However, ALOs were observed to form +colonies to evade phagocytosis by PMNLs. At the connection points between +erythrocytes and ALOs, the findings of interest were the changes in the shapes of +the erythrocytes and filament-like structures of the ALOs on the erythrocyte +membrane. +CONCLUSIONS: The adhesiveness of ALOs can be observed in routine +Papanicolaou-stained cervicovaginal smears at light microscopic level. + +Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000350905 +PMID: 23860002 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +626. Pathol Oncol Res. 2014 Jan;20(1):87-91. doi: 10.1007/s12253-013-9662-9. Epub 2013 +Jul 3. + +MCM3 protein expression in follicular and classical variants of papillary thyroid +carcinoma. + +Igci YZ(1), Erkilic S, Igci M, Arslan A. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, University of Gaziantep, +27310, Gaziantep, Turkey, igci@gantep.edu.tr. + +Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are needed as licensors in the DNA +replication of eukaryotic cells and transcriptional control of MCM genes has +critical role in the regulation of MCM functions. Different MCM protein family +members are proposed as diagnostic or prognostic markers in various cancers due +to their increased proliferative potential. Among MCM family members, +minichromosome maintenance protein 3 (MCM3) expressions in both mRNA and protein +levels were shown to be associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). But, +the usability of MCM3 in some histological variants of PTC might be controversial +due to tissue specific molecular heterogeneities. In follicular variant of +papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC), a number of genes including MCM3 were shown +to be differentially expressed which were specific to this kind of variant. Using +immunohistochemistry method, MCM3 protein expression levels were compared in +FVPTC, classic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CVPTC), and multi-nodular +goiter (MNG) tissues in a group of 32 cases. There was meaningful differences +between MNG vs. FVPTC (p = 0.016) and MNG vs. CVPTC (p = 0.019) while there was +no significant difference in the comparison FVPTC vs. CVPTC (p = 0.15). Four of +the 5 CVPTC cases having surrounding tissue invasion had high expression values. +For FVPTC and CVPTC, MCM3 protein expression results were parallel to our +previous mRNA expression study while there was downregulation in protein +expression despite the increased expression of MCM3 mRNA in MNG suggesting +tissue-specific post-transcriptional events in benign thyroid neoplasms of which +should be focused on. Moreover, the relatively lower MCM3 protein expression in +FVPTC comparing to CVPTC could be due to a different tumorigenic pathway favored +in this type of tissue. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9662-9 +PMID: 23821456 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +627. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2013 Dec;17(6):536-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2013.05.005. +Epub 2013 Jun 24. + +Are we counting mitoses correctly? + +Yigit N(1), Gunal A, Kucukodaci Z, Karslioglu Y, Onguru O, Ozcan A. + +Author information: +(1)Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, Department of +Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: nyigitsum@gmail.com. + +The number of mitotic figures in a predefined area is essential in pathologic +evaluation for most tumors. This information sometimes provides clues in +differentiating neoplastic lesions from nonneoplastic ones and sometimes in +defining and grading of the tumors as well as prognosticating expected lifetime +of the patient. As a generally accepted concept, scanning a certain number of +consecutive nonoverlapping areas that are rich in viable tumor cells is required. +Invasion fronts or the periphery of the tumors is preferred for counting mitosis. +The target area to be counted for mitotic activity for various tumors is +standardized as the number of mitosis in an established number of high-power +fields. However, suggested mitotic counts, which constitute the basis of these +studies, were obtained via the old microscopes, which usually had narrower visual +fields than the state-of-the-art microscopes. Because the visual fields of the +present microscopes provide larger areas compared with the older ones, +corrections in mitosis counting are needed to make them compatible with the +criteria, which had been put forward in the original reference studies. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2013.05.005 +PMID: 23806202 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +628. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2014 Apr;31(2):94-100. doi: 10.1007/s10014-013-0152-2. Epub +2013 Jun 21. + +Osteopontin expressions correlate with WHO grades and predict recurrence in +meningiomas. + +Arikök AT(1), Onder E, Seçkin H, Kaçar A, Fesli R, Oğuz AS, Alper M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, S.B Ankara Dışkapı Research and Training Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey, atalina2005@yahoo.com. + +Recurrence of meningiomas is a major prognostic issue. Although World Health +Organization (WHO) histopathological grading correlates strongly with recurrence, +it has some limitations, and predicting the biological behavior of grade I +meningiomas is particularly difficult. Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein known to be +involved in tumor progression. The purpose of this study is to determine +expression of OPN in meningiomas and to investigate its correlation with WHO +grades and tumor recurrence. Immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation of expression +of OPN was performed by two different methods to ensure reliability. OPN IHC and +Allred scores were calculated on the basis of intensity and extent of staining. +Both scores were in agreement and correlated significantly with meningioma grade +and Ki-67 index. OPN scores were also significantly correlated with recurrence of +WHO grade I meningiomas. Cut-off values for OPN IHC and OPN Allred scores between +non-recurrent and recurrent grade I meningiomas were calculated as 70 and 5.5 +respectively. We concluded that OPN is a valuable marker for grading meningiomas +and for predicting the recurrence in WHO grade I tumors. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10014-013-0152-2 +PMID: 23793814 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +629. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2013 Aug;37(4):284-9. doi: 10.3109/01913123.2013.797064. Epub +2013 Jun 21. + +Investigation of the esophageal Rho-kinase expression in patients with Barrett's +esophagus. + +Demiryürek S(1), Koruk I, Bozdag Z, Ozkara E, Kaplan DS, Oztuzcu S, Cetinkaya A, +Alasehirli B, Demiryürek AT. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, +Gaziantep, Turkey. + +The mechanisms responsible for the malignant transformation in Barrett's +esophagus (BE) are still poorly understood. The authors have evaluated the role +of Rho-kinase (ROCK1 and ROCK2) expressions in patients with BE. All patients +underwent upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy, which was confirmed +histologically. Real-time PCR revealed no marked change in gene expressions of +ROCK1 and ROCK2 at mRNA levels in BE when compared to controls. +Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses showed no change in ROCK1 and ROCK2 +protein expressions in BE. This study demonstrates that Rho-kinase gene and +protein expressions are not modified in BE. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2013.797064 +PMID: 23789633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +630. Int J Exp Pathol. 2013 Jun 17. doi: 10.1111/iep.12032. [Epub ahead of print] + +Mitochondrial DNA depletion may also have a role in pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. + +Kurt B(1), Gulcan-Kurt Y, Cayci T, Akgul EO. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Medical Academy +and Medical School, GATA, Patoloji Anabilim Dalı, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. +bkurt@gata.edu.tr. + +DOI: 10.1111/iep.12032 +PMID: 23772961 + + +631. APMIS. 2014 Mar;122(3):236-42. doi: 10.1111/apm.12132. Epub 2013 Jun 14. + +Tularemia: potential role of cytopathology in differential diagnosis of cervical +lymphadenitis: multicenter experience in 53 cases and literature review. + +Tuncer E(1), Onal B, Simsek G, Elagoz S, Sahpaz A, Kilic S, Altuntas EE, Ulu +Kilic A. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, +Turkey. + +Tularemia is a zoonosis caused by Francisella tularensis. Tularemia outbreaks +occurred in Central Anatolia during 2009 and 2011. We evaluated the clinical +characteristics and cytomorphologies of fine needle aspirations (FNAs) from +cervical lymph nodes in serologically confirmed tularemia cases. To our +knowledge, this is the first large series concerning FNA morphology of Tularemia. +FNA smears of 53 patients of the 290, diagnosed by microagglutination tests and +PCR, were evaluated at three Pathology centers. FNAs were performed by +cytopathologists or ear-nose-throat surgeons. Of all patients, 17 had also lymph +node resections. FNAs showed the presence of suppuration and abscess. Rare +epithelioid histiocytes and granulomas, seldom phagocytosed bacilli-like +microorganisms were observed. On histopathology; granulomas, necrosis, and +suppurative inflammation extending extracapsular areas were seen. Tularemia is +endemic in certain areas of the Northern Hemisphere. The benefit from +cytopathology is limited and cytological suspicion should be confirmed by +serology. However FNA cytology is helpful in differential diagnosis of tularemia +and other diseases presented with suppurative, granulomatous cervical +lymphadenitis. It is also useful in providing the material for PCR and culture in +early phase when the serology is negative and the treatment is more effective. + +© 2013 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12132 +PMID: 23763361 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +632. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Aug;209(8):471-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.014. Epub +2013 May 9. + +Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the +elderly-experience of a single center from Turkey. + +Ozsan N(1), Cagirgan S, Saydam G, Gunes A, Hekimgil M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +nazan.ozsan@ege.edu.tr + +In the 2008 WHO lymphoma classification, 'EBV-positive diffuse large B cell +lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly is included as a new provisional entity. We aimed +to evaluate the morphological, immunophenotypic, and clinical characteristics of +the cases diagnosed as 'EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly' in our center and +compared them with the 'EBV-negative DLBCL' patients older than 50 years of age. +EBV status was detected by Epstein-Barr early RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization +analysis. By immunohistochemistry, a panel of antibodies for CD10, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, +IRF4/MUM1, CD30, and Ki67 was performed. Out of 149 DLBCL patients older than 50 +years, without any known history of immunodeficiency or prior lymphoma, eight +patients who fulfill the criteria were re-evaluated. Five patients were male and +three were female, with a median age of 67.6 years. Four patients presented with +nodal involvement; others presented with bone and soft tissue, bone marrow, and +spleen infiltrations. Five cases revealed predominantly monomorphic morphology, +one also contained focal areas consistent with polymorphous subtype; and three +patients revealed a polymorphous infiltrate. When classified according to 'Hans +criteria', five were non-GCB, and three were of the GCB cell phenotype. All cases +with polymorphous morphology were revealed to be of the non-GCB cell phenotype, +and all expressed IRF4/MUM1. Two patients died with disease, four patients are +alive and in complete remission following R-CHOP therapy, and two patients have +just recently been diagnosed. When compared with the EBV-negative group, there +are no reliable morphological and immunohistochemical features indicating EBV +positivity. Therefore, EBER in situ hybridization analysis is necessary to +identify 'EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly'. Further studies are needed to fully +understand the details of this disease, which can lead to new treatment +modalities. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.014 +PMID: 23726928 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +633. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Jul;209(7):413-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.005. Epub +2013 Apr 30. + +Contribution of DOG1 expression to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal +tumors. + +Kara T(1), Serinsoz E, Arpaci RB, Gubur O, Orekici G, Ata A, Colak T, Arican A. + +Author information: +(1)Mersin University, Medical School, Department of Pathology, Turkey. +karabacaktuba@hotmail.com + +Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of +the gastrointestinal tract, and the majority contain KIT or PDGFRA-activating +mutations. However, up to 10% of GISTs are c-kit-negative. Antibodies with +increased sensitivity and specificity for the detection of c-kit-negative GIST +cases may be of value, especially because some of these cases may also benefit +from tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Hematoxylin and Eosin sections of 33 +GISTs were re-examined in order to define histopathological criteria used in risk +assessment of these tumors. Immunohistochemistry with a panel of antibodies +[c-kit, DOG1 (discovered on GIST 1), CD34, smooth muscle actin (SMA), Desmin, +S100 and Ki67] was performed on 5μm-thick paraffin sections of all tumors. +Statistical analysis of immunohistochemical studies showed that DOG1 and CD117 +were the most sensitive and specific antibodies in the diagnosis of GISTs. Other +antibodies were unhelpful in confirming a diagnosis of GIST, but were +particularly useful in the differential diagnosis. Reactivity for DOG1 may aid in +the diagnosis of GISTs, which fail to express c-kit antigen, and lead to +appropriate treatment with imatinib mesylate, an inhibitor of the KIT tyrosine +kinase. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.005 +PMID: 23722018 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +634. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Jul;209(7):418-23. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.006. Epub +2013 Apr 30. + +Beclin 1 and bcl-2 expressions in bladder urothelial tumors and their association +with clinicopathological parameters. + +Baspinar S(1), Bircan S, Yavuz G, Kapucuoglu N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University, School of Medicine, +Isparta, Turkey. sirinbaspinar@gmail.com + +Beclin 1 plays a critical role in the regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, +differentiation, as well as in the development and progression of cancer. The aim +of this study was to examine the expression of beclin 1 and bcl-2 in bladder +urothelial tumors, and to investigate the relationship between these two markers +and clinicopathological parameters. Our study included 84 bladder urothelial +tumors and 10 non-tumoral bladder tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed on +tissue microarray (TMA) sections and was evaluated semiquantitatively on the +basis of the percentage of positively stained cells (proportion) and staining +intensity. A significant association was found between the expression score of +beclin 1 and pT stages of the urothelial tumors (p=0.012). Also, the level of +beclin 1 expression inversely correlated with histological grade and pT stages +(p=0.009, r=-0.284; p=0.001, r=-0.361, respectively). The bcl-2 expression level +positively correlated with histological grade and pT stages of the urothelial +tumors (p=0.026, r=0.243; p<0.0001, r=0.491, respectively). In addition, the +level of beclin 1 expression tended to be inversely correlated with the bcl-2 +expression level in urothelial tumors (p=0.055, r=-0.210). According to our data, +down-regulation of beclin 1 expression and also bcl-2 overexpression seem to play +an important role in the progression and aggressiveness of bladder urothelial +tumors. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.006 +PMID: 23722017 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +635. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Jul;209(7):429-32. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.010. Epub +2013 May 2. + +Presence and extent of estrogen receptor-alpha expression in patients with simple +steatosis and NASH. + +Erkan G(1), Yilmaz G, Konca Degertekin C, Akyol G, Ozenirler S. + +Author information: +(1)Ufuk University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, +06520 Balgat, Ankara, Turkey. gcanbaloglu@gmail.com + +Loss of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) in the liver is associated with hepatic +steatosis and inflammation. We conducted a study in order to investigate the +presence and extent of ER-α expression in NASH, and its relationship with +histological findings. Fifty-four patients with histologically confirmed NASH, 12 +patients with simple steatosis (SS), and 6 patients with normal liver tissue +(NLT) were included. NASH activity score and fibrosis score were calculated +according to biopsy findings. Liver biopsy specimens were immunohistochemically +stained for ER-α expression. Nuclear ER-α expression percentage (staining index) +was calculated. Mean staining index was significantly different across the NASH, +SS, and NLT groups (6.3±9.9 vs. 22.1±26.4 vs. 44.2±24.8, respectively, p<0.001 +for all comparisons). Staining index was significantly higher in women than in +men (19.4±22.2 vs. 7.9±15.3, respectively, p=0.003). Staining index negatively +correlated with serum ALT (r=-0.240; p=0.04), fasting plasma glucose (r=-0.261; +p=0.027), and fibrosis score (r=-0.312; p=0.011). As a conclusion, hepatic +nuclear ER-α expression percentage (staining index) is lower in patients with +NASH when compared to SS and NLT groups. Staining index is negatively correlated +with serum ALT levels, plasma glucose, and fibrosis score. Further studies are +required to clarify the significance of ER-α expression in NASH. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.04.010 +PMID: 23707549 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +636. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2013 May 15;6(6):1068-75. Print 2013. + +Primary central nervous system lymphoma in immunocompetent individuals: a single +center experience. + +Aki H(1), Uzunaslan D, Saygin C, Batur S, Tuzuner N, Kafadar A, Ongoren S, Oz B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. hilal_aki@yahoo.com.tr + +Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is defined as the involvement of +brain, leptomeninges, eyes or spinal cord by non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The role of +various prognostic markers in predicting adverse outcome is debated.OBJECTIVES: +To investigate the clinical and immunohistochemical findings of immunocompetent +PCNSL cases (39 cases) diagnosed at the study center, and evaluate the influence +of potential prognostic factors on overall survival (OS) of patients. +METHODS: Data regarding patient characteristics, neuroimaging, pathological and +immunohistochemical features and follow-up were obtained from patient records. +The influence of potential prognostic parameters on OS was investigated by +log-rank test and Cox regression analysis. +RESULTS: Patients who received combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy had a +significantly better OS when compared to chemotherapy alone. Other variables +included in this study were not associated with a significant survival advantage. +CONCLUSION: In this study, we failed to demonstrate a relationship between +different clinicopathological variables and OS of patients. Prospective studies +with large patient series are needed to investigate other potential prognostic +factors. + + +PMCID: PMC3657359 +PMID: 23696924 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +637. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2013 Aug;17(4):345-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2013.04.002. +Epub 2013 May 9. + +Endocervical glandular involvement, multicentricity, and extent of the disease +are features of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. + +Güdücü N(1), Sidar G, Başsüllü N, Türkmen I, Dünder I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, İstanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, +Turkey. nilgun.kutay@gmail.com + +This study aimed to evaluate the rate of endocervical glandular involvement, +positive surgical margins, multicentricity, and disease extent between low-grade +and high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions after loop electrosurgical +excision procedure (LEEP). Pathology medical records of patients who underwent +LEEP were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with negative LEEP results were +excluded. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure reports of patients with +cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 2, and 3 were compared. There was no +statistically significant difference between patients with CIN 1 (n=24), CIN 2 +(n=27), and CIN 3 (n=64) when age and surgical margin positivity were considered. +Endocervical glandular involvement, multicentricity, and disease extent were +higher in patients with CIN 3 (P=.001, P=.002, and P=.001, respectively). In +conclusion, we recommend that patients with endocervical glandular involvement, +lesions involving more than two-thirds of the LEEP specimen, and multicentricity +be followed up more closely. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2013.04.002 +PMID: 23665088 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +638. Pathol Oncol Res. 2013 Oct;19(4):779-84. doi: 10.1007/s12253-013-9643-z. Epub +2013 May 10. + +There is no significant association between death receptor 4 (DR4) gene +polymorphisms and lung cancer in Turkish population. + +Taştemir-Korkmaz D(1), Demirhan O, Kuleci S, Hastürk S. + +Author information: +(1)Vocational School of Health Services, Adıyaman University, TR-02040, Adıyaman, +Turkey, deniz-tbio@hotmail.com. + +Death receptor 4 (DR4) gene is a candidate tumor suppressor gene that has a role +in apoptotic pathway. It was reported in literature that polymorphisms in DR4 +gene lead to susceptibility to many cancers. In accordance with this information, +we aimed to investigate the association between G422A, C626G, A683C and A1322G +polymorphisms in DR4 gene and lung cancer. We selected 60 patients with lung +cancer (LC) and 30 healthy, sex and age matched volunteers randomly. Four +polymorhisms, G422A, C626G, A683C and A1322G, in DR4 gene were analyzed with +Polymerase Change Reaction (PCR)--Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism (RFLP) +and Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) techniques in both groups. +Our results showed that there are no statistically significances between the +patients and controls in terms of the G422A, C626G, A683C and A1322G +polymorphisms in DR4 gene (p > 0,05). Our findings showed no role of DR4 gene +polymorphisms in susceptibility to LC and provide a plausible explanation for DR4 +genetic heterogeneity in LC susceptibility. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9643-z +PMID: 23661154 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +639. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2013 May;37(3):218-26. doi: 10.3109/01913123.2013.786297. + +Curative effect of crude exopolysaccharides of some macrofungi on alcohol-induced +liver damage. + +Uyanoglu M(1), Yamac M, Canbek M, Senturk H, Kartkaya K, Oglakci A, Turgak O, +Kanbak G. + +Author information: +(1)Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Science and Arts Faculty, Department of +Biology, Eskisehir, Turkey. muyan@ogu.edu.tr + +Abstract The authors investigate the curative effects of crude exopolysaccharides +(EPS) produced by four Basidomycetes strains on the symptoms of alcoholic liver +injury. EPSs were administered to experimental groups at levels of 100 mg per kg +body weight per day for 7 days using an oral zonde needle after the onset of the +disease. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), +DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activities, and mitochondrial outer membrane +integrity were determined following sacrifice of the rats. Light and transmission +electron microscope (TEM) studies were performed on liver sections for +histopathological and cytological evaluations. EPS that was obtained from +Coprinus comatus OBCC 1014 decreased serum ALT level and increased outer membrane +integrity, and allowed for the regaining of histologically and cytologically +normal hepatocyte and tissue views. As a result, based on the obtained data, it +can be argued that among all studied mushroom strains crude exopolysaccharides +from Coprinus comatus OBCC 1014 strain have therapeutic potential for alcoholic +liver injury according to control groups. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2013.786297 +PMID: 23650994 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +640. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Jun;209(6):359-64. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.03.009. Epub +2013 Mar 30. + +Early stage epithelial ovarian cancers: a study of morphologic prognostic +factors. + +Terzi A(1), Aktaş IY, Dolgun A, Ayhan A, Küçükali T, Usubütün A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Medical School, Bahcelievler, +Ankara, Turkey. aysenterzi@yahoo.co.uk + +We intended to reevaluate the morphologic prognostic factors for early-stage +ovarian carcinomas. We reviewed 111 patients diagnosed with early-stage ovarian +cancer who had undergone primary surgery at Hacettepe Hospital between 1984 and +2001, using diagnostic criteria from the WHO-2003 classification. We applied the +Universal grading system suggested by Shimizu/Silverberg and noted FIGO-stage, +histotype, tumor size, bilaterality, and endometriosis. These features were +compared with each other and survival. The survival analysis was carried out by +Kaplan-Meier curves. Of the cases, 52 were reclassified as 'borderline tumor' or +'cystadenoma with borderline foci' and 59 as 'invasive carcinoma'. FIGO-stage and +mitotic count were significant for survivals of 59 patients with cancer. Mitotic +index was also significant for the probability of metastasis. The patients with +stage-II cancer had 5.65 times more risk of recurrence than stage-I cancer. The +5-year overall and disease-free survivals rates were 90.6% and 87.5% for stage-I, +54.7% and 39.3% for stage-II, respectively. Universal grade did not reach +statistical significance for survivals but it was related to FIGO-stage +significantly. In conclusion, FIGO-stage is the most reliable prognosticator. +Although prognostic value of universal grade is not significant, mitotic count +may provide important prognostic information for early-stage ovarian carcinomas. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.03.009 +PMID: 23643734 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +641. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2013 Nov-Dec;22(6):465-72. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2013.03.007. +Epub 2013 Apr 30. + +Vitamin E attenuates homocysteine and cholesterol induced damage in rat aorta. + +Kirac D(1), Negis Y, Ozer NK. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Genetic and Metabolic +Diseases Research Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. +Electronic address: denizyat@hotmail.com. + +BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E on +homocysteine and cholesterol-induced damage of rat aorta. +METHODS: Wistar rats (all fed with a vitamin E poor diet) were divided into five +groups. Control group was fed with the diet only, the second group received 1 mg +kg(-1) day(-1) L-methionine in drinking water, the third group was fed with 2% +cholesterol containing diet, the fourth group received L-methionine and +cholesterol together, and the fifth group was fed with L-methionine and +cholesterol and received intramuscular injections of vitamin E. After 4 weeks +serum homocysteine, cholesterol and vitamin E levels were measured; aortas were +removed; collagen and elastin and the major extracellular matrix components were +evaluated microscopically as indicators of aortic degeneration. Aortic collagen +content was measured by a colorimetric hydroxyproline assay. +RESULTS: Four-week diet supplementation with methionine and cholesterol caused a +twofold increase in serum homocysteine and 22% increase in serum cholesterol +levels; endothelial damage and degenerative alterations in the aortic media were +observed, as indicated by the dissociation of elastic fibers and accumulation of +collagen. Vitamin E completely prevented the accumulation of collagen and largely +prevented aorta damage as shown by the morphological data. +CONCLUSION: The results indicate that, even moderate increases in homocysteine +and cholesterol levels are sufficient to induce vascular degeneration that may be +prevented by vitamin E supplementation. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2013.03.007 +PMID: 23643071 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +642. Acta Cytol. 2013;57(3):266-70. doi: 10.1159/000346716. Epub 2013 Apr 25. + +The effectiveness of the liquid-based preparation method in cerebrospinal fluid +cytology. + +Argon A(1), Uyaroğlu MA, Nart D, Veral A, Kitapçıoğlu G. + +Author information: +(1)Ministry of Health Izmir, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Medical +Pathology Clinic, Izmir, Turkey. asumanargon@gmail.com + +OBJECTIVES: Since malignant cells were first detected in the cerebrospinal fluid +(CSF), numerous methods have been used for CSF examination. The +cytocentrifugation and liquid-based cytology (LBC) methods are two of these. We +aimed to investigate whether the results from the LBC method were different from +the results of the cytological diagnosis of the CSF materials that were prepared +using the cytocentrifugation method. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the +pathological records of 3,491 (cytocentrifugation on 1,306 and LBC on 2,185) +cytological specimens of CSF which were diagnosed over a 4-year period between +January 2007 and December 2011. The Fisher exact test was used to compare the +results of the LBC and cytocentrifugation methods. +RESULTS: While there was a noticeable decrease in nondiagnostic diagnosis and a +slight decrease in suspicious diagnosis, there was an increase in malignant and +benign diagnosis with the LBC method in comparison to the centrifugation method. +Statistically, the decrease in nondiagnostic diagnosis was considered significant +(p < 0.0001). +DISCUSSION: The LBC method seems like a better option than the cytocentrifugation +method, because of many preparatory, screening and diagnostic advantages, +especially in pathology departments where materials come from far away and large +volumes are examined. + +Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000346716 +PMID: 23636078 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +643. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2013 Jun;34(2):150-4. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182887b3c. + +Demonstration control agents: evaluation of 64 cases after massive use in +Istanbul. + +Unuvar U(1), Ozkalipci O, Irencin S, Sahin U, Fincanci SK. + +Author information: +(1)Human Rights Foundation of Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey. uunuvar@gmail.com + +An uncontrolled use of "demonstration control agents" commonly known as "teargas +agents" has recently been a common practice in Turkey. One of the first massive +uses of these agents had been during a meeting of the North Atlantic Council and +NATO in 2004, in Istanbul. After the demonstrations, 64 patients were evaluated +and treated by the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey. Their files have been +reviewed retrospectively and were classified regarding age, sex, physical +findings related of chemical agents, and other injuries.The patients were +received 1 to 9 days after the chemical gas exposure. The maximum referral was 35 +patients on the day of the gas exposure. The last application was 9 days after +the exposure. Complaints and physical findings/symptoms were highest during the +first 3 days.This study has been carried out to reveal the short- and long-term +aftereffects of "demonstration control agents." The safety and effects of these +agents are discussed in this article, based on our findings and existing +references. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182887b3c +PMID: 23629392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +644. Pol J Pathol. 2013 Apr;64(1):28-32. + +Expression of AEG-1 and p53 and their clinicopathological significance in +malignant lesions of renal cell carcinomas: a microarray study. + +Erdem H(1), Oktay M, Yildirim U, Uzunlar AK, Kayikci MA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Duzce University of Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey. +drhavvaerdem@hotmail.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of AEG-1 and p53 with +the prognostic parameters of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, 50 +paraffin blocks were histopathologically diagnosed at the Department of Pathology +of the Medical Hospital of Duzce University, between 2005 and 2011. The cases +consisted of 24 clear cell (CC) and 26 non-clear cell (NCC) RCC subtypes as +follows: 24 (48%) clear cell RCC, 12 (24%) papillary RCC, 4 (8%) multilocular +cystic RCC and 10 (20%) chromophobe RCC; none had sarcomatoid changes. By +immunohistochemical analysis we investigated AEG-1 and p53 expression in +carcinomas of the kidney, and by statistical analysis determined their +relationship with clinicopathological parameters. Significant relationships were +found between increasing tumor diameter and the increase of p53 (p = 0.028). In +addition, p53 was significantly related to renal sinus invasion (p = 0.05) and +Fuhrman grade (p = 0.026). There was a significant relationship between increased +AEG-1 staining scores and CC and NCC carcinoma subtypes (p = 0.032), tumor +capsule invasion (p = 0.01) and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.015). There was +also a significant correlation between tumor size and capsule and lymphovascular +invasion (p = 0.02). We concluded that high AEG-1 and p53 expression correlates +with the prognostic parameters in RCC patients, and in addition may be associated +with tumor progression. + + +PMID: 23625597 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +645. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2013 Oct;32(5):371-4. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2013.789946. +Epub 2013 Apr 22. + +A case of dichorionic twin pregnancy concordant for bilateral cleft lip and +palate and discordant for spina bifida; schisis association. + +Kutuk MS(1), Ozgun MT, Uludag S, Akgun H, Balta B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. +mskutuk@erciyes.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: The schisis theory suggests that neural tube defect (NTD), cleft lip +and palate (CL/P), omphalocele and diaphragmatic hernia are associated to each +other more frequently than at the expected random combination rates in a given +fetus. However, it is unusual to see schisis-associated defects concordantly in +dichorionic twin pregnancy with other schisis-associated and non-associated +defects. In addition, the association of lower limb oligodactly with oral cleft +and spina bifida has not been reported before. +CASE: A 24-year-old woman with twin gestation at 21 weeks was referred to our +unit. At ultrasound examination, bilateral CL/P and single umbilical artery in +male fetus, and bilateral CL/P and open lumbar spina bifida in female fetus were +revealed. At autopsy, oligodactyly of both lower limbs was demonstrated in the +female fetus. The parents had no family history of NTD and CL/P. There was no +consanguinity, nor was the mother exposed to teratogens. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2013.789946 +PMID: 23607868 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +646. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 May;209(5):302-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.03.002. Epub +2013 Mar 15. + +Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates the development of monocrotaline-induced +pulmonary arterial hypertension. + +Yavuz T(1), Uzun O, Macit A, Comunoglu C, Yavuz O, Silan C, Yuksel H, Yildirim +HA. + +Author information: +(1)Zeynep Kamil Gynaecologic and Pediatric Training and Research Hospital, +Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey. taneryavuz@yahoo.com + +We aimed to demonstrate the potential protective effects of pyrrolidine +dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial +hypertension (PAH). Adult male rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control +group, MCT-treated rats only, MCT-injected rats treated with PDTC, and +PDTC-treated rats only. Blood and tissue samples were collected after the +sacrifice. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by using the +thiobarbituric acid method. Total antioxidant status (TAS) was determined using a +commercially available ImAnOx kit. A histopathological evaluation was +accomplished by scoring the degree of severity. Endothelial damage of the main +pulmonary artery was evaluated by immunohistochemical labeling of endothelial +cells using anti-rat endothelial cell antigen 1 (RECA-1) antibody. MCT-induced +right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) was reduced significantly in the +MCT+PDTC-treated group. MDA levels were significantly lowered in the +MCT+PDTC-treated group. TAS was significantly higher in the MCT+PDTC-treated +group when compared with the rats with PAH. Histopathological examination +demonstrated that PDTC treatment reduced the development of inflammation, +hemorrhage and congestion, and collagen deposition. In conclusion, PDTC +attenuated PAH and protected pulmonary endothelium in rats administered MCT. +These findings suggest that PDTC treatment may provide a new effective +therapeutic approach in the treatment of PAH. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.03.002 +PMID: 23582365 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +647. Folia Neuropathol. 2013;51(1):76-86. + +Prenatal exposure of diclofenac sodium affects morphology but not axon number of +the median nerve of rats. + +Ayrancı E(1), Altunkaynak BZ, Aktaş A, Rağbetli MÇ, Kaplan S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Medical +Faculty, Samsun, Turkey. + +The present study examined the effect of DS exposure on median nerve development +in rats during prenatal life. Pregnant female rats were divided into three +groups: a control group, a saline group and a DS group. Offspring of these +animals were divided into 2 subgroups: 4 weeks old and 20 weeks old. Nerve +samples were taken from the right legs and evaluated using stereological +techniques in terms of the axon number, axon cross-sectional area, and myelin +thickness. No drug-dependent macroscopic abnormality was observed in the nerve. +No differences were noted for axon number in the control, saline, and DS groups +of the same age and gender. No gender difference was found for axon number or +axon area between the other matched groups. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to +diclofenac sodium does not affect axon number in rats, but can alter the +morphology of the male and female median nerve. + + +PMID: 23553140 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +648. Folia Neuropathol. 2013;51(1):58-64. + +Evaluation of oxidative and nitrosative stress in relapsing remitting multiple +sclerosis: effect of corticosteroid therapy. + +Seven A(1), Aslan M, Incir S, Altıntaş A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, +Turkey. arzu_seven@hotmail.com + +This study is designed to evaluate the roles of oxidative and nitrosative stress +in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis +(RRMS) patients. Oxidative stress markers thiobarbituric acid reactive substances +(TBARS), 8-epi-PGF2α, conjugated diene and nitrosative stress markers +nitrotyrosine, nitrit-nitrate were analysed in serum and CSF of 20 newly +diagnosed RRMS patients before and after methyl prednysolone (MP) therapy (1000 +mg/day i.v., for 5 days) and in healthy control group.TBARS and conjugated diene +were analysed spectrophotometrically, nitrite-nitrate fluorometrically, +8-epi-PGF2α and nitrotyrosine were measured by ELISA. Serum conjugated diene (p < +0.001) and 8-epi-PGF2α (p < 0.05) levels were significantly higher in RRMS +patients before MP therapy with respect to control group. MP therapy caused a +significant decrease only in 8-epi-PGF2α level (p < 0.05). Serum nitrotyrosine +levels were significantly lower in RRMS patients both before (p < 0.001) and +after (p < 0.001) MP therapy with respect to controls. Serum nitrite-nitrate +levels were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in RRMS patients before therapy +compared to controls. Nitrotyrosine and nitrite-nitrate levels in CSF of RRMS +patients were significantly higher (p < 0.001) before therapy compared to normal +pressure hydrocephalia control group. Our findings reveal increased oxidative +stress in serum of RRMS patients and the benefical role of MP therapy in +relieving oxidative stress.As to nitrosative stress, nitrotyrosine and +nitrite-nitrate levels were increased in CSF and decreased in serum. + + +PMID: 23553138 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +649. Cytopathology. 2014 Feb;25(1):45-50. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12056. Epub 2013 Apr 1. + +Pseudopapillary pattern in intra-operative squash smear preparations of central +nervous system germinomas. + +Ates D(1), Kosemehmetoglu K, Onder S, Soylemezoglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Although the morphology of central nervous system (CNS) germ cell +tumours is very similar to that of gonadal germ cell tumours, some architectural +changes may dominate the microscopic appearance of CNS germinomas leading to +misdiagnosis at low-power magnification. +METHODS: We report five cases of CNS germinoma demonstrating delicate +pseudopapillary fronds on squash smear preparations. +RESULTS: The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 21 years (mean 14). Three were +female and two male. Three patients presented with symptoms of diabetes +insipidus, including polydipsia and polyuria, while absence seizures, meaningless +speech, hemiparesia, weight loss, insufficient breast development, amenorrhoea +and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure were also encountered depending on +the location of the tumours. Tumours were located in the hypophysis in two cases +and in the suprasellar region in three. During the intra-operative pathological +consultation, evenly distributed pseudopapillary or papillary structures formed +the dominant pattern in the squash preparations of all cases. The neoplastic +cells were characterized by pale variably vacuolated cytoplasm, pleomorphic +nuclei with irregular membranes, and several prominent nucleoli. Variable numbers +of small lymphocytes were also found. +CONCLUSION: Intracranial germinomas may commonly exhibit a pseudopapillary +pattern on squash smears that may cause misdiagnosis as neoplasms with papillary +morphology. Careful examination of cellular details is essential in order to +reach the correct diagnosis. + +© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12056 +PMID: 23551548 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +650. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2013 Oct-Dec;27(4):302-9. doi: +10.1097/WAD.0b013e31828cc357. + +Neurodegenerative disease phenotypes in carriers of MAPT p.A152T, a risk factor +for frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders and Alzheimer disease. + +Lee SE(1), Tartaglia MC, Yener G, Genç S, Seeley WW, Sanchez-Juan P, Moreno F, +Mendez MF, Klein E, Rademakers R, López de Munain A, Combarros O, Kramer JH, +Kenet RO, Boxer AL, Geschwind MD, Gorno-Tempini ML, Karydas AM, Rabinovici GD, +Coppola G, Geschwind DH, Miller BL. + +Author information: +(1)*Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, +San Francisco, CA †Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, +University of Toronto, ON, Canada ‡Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, +Brain Dynamics Research Center, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey §BEYINMER, +Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey ∥Neurology Service and Centro de +Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), +'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital, Institute for Formation and Research +of the Foundation 'Marqués de Valdecilla' (IFIMAV), University of Cantabria, +Cantabria, Spain ¶Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital +Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Centro de Investigación +Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), area 6, +Institute Carlos III, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Institute Biodonostia, San +Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain #Department of Neurology, Neurobehavior Division, +University of California, Los Angeles **Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, +University of California, Los Angeles, CA ††Department of Neuroscience, Mayo +Clinic, Rochester, MN ‡‡Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell +University, New York, NY. + +Recently, Coppola and colleagues demonstrated that a rare microtubule-associated +protein tau (MAPT) sequence variant, c.454G>A (p.A152T) significantly increases +the risk of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum disorders and Alzheimer +disease (AD) in a screen of 15,369 subjects. We describe clinical features of 9 +patients with neurodegenerative disease (4 women) harboring p.A152T, aged 51 to +79 years at symptom onset. Seven developed FTD spectrum clinical syndromes, +including progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (n=2), behavioral variant FTD +(bvFTD, n=1), nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA, n=2), and +corticobasal syndrome (n=2); 2 patients were diagnosed with clinical AD. Thus, +MAPT p.A152T is associated with a variety of FTD spectrum clinical presentations, +although patients with clinical AD are also identified. These data warrant larger +studies with clinicopathologic correlation to elucidate the influence of this +genetic variant on neurodegenerative disease. + +DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e31828cc357 +PMCID: PMC3796183 +PMID: 23518664 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +651. Endocr Pathol. 2013 Jun;24(2):57-61. doi: 10.1007/s12022-013-9238-y. + +Is there a role for on-site evaluation of thyroid fine needle aspiration to +reduce the nondiagnostic rate? + +Simsek GG(1), Ertuğrul DT, Guresci S, Şimşek H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, C Atuf Kansu +Street 166-4, Çankaya Ankara, Turkey. gulguler1975@yahoo.com + +The use of immediate on-site evaluation of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) +specimens can determine the adequacy of specimens and provides a specific +preliminary diagnosis. In this prospective study, we evaluated the impact of +on-site assessment of thyroid FNAB performed under ultrasound guidance. Totally, +204 (170 female, 34 male) patients (102 on site, 102 control group) were +included. The patients were randomized on site and regular cytologic examination +groups. Quick May-Grünwald Giemsa stain was used for on-site examination and FNA +was continued until adequate aspirate for optimal cytological examination. Two +(2.0 %) of the 102 patients evaluated with on-site examination had a +nondiagnostic result. However, 16 (15.7 %) of the 102 patients examined by +regular cytologic examination method, had nondiagnostic result. The difference +between these two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The major +cause of a nondiagnostic thyroid FNAB specimen is the failure to aspirate a +sufficient number of cells necessary for diagnosis cystic lesions. Immediate +on-site evaluation can significantly decrease the nondiagnostic rate of thyroid +FNAB specimens. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-013-9238-y +PMID: 23512283 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +652. APMIS. 2013 Dec;121(12):1192-7. doi: 10.1111/apm.12066. Epub 2013 Mar 20. + +Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from hospital waters in Turkey. + +Genc GE(1), Richter E, Erturan Z. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in hot and cold water +distribution systems. With molecular typing methods it was shown that water can +be the source of colonization and infection with NTM. The aim of our study was +the investigation of NTM in hot and cold water samples taken from various +departments of two hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. Totally, 160 water samples were +examined. The temperature, pH, and free chlorine levels of water samples were +measured between 10-41 °C, 6.78-7.98 and <0.3-0.5 mg/L, respectively. NTM were +detected in 33 (20.6%) samples. Totally 20 (60.6%), 10 (30.3%) and 3 (9.1%) +isolates were identified as Mycobacterium lentiflavum, Mycobacterium gordonae, +and Mycobacterium peregrinum, respectively. M. lentiflavum, which was the most +frequently isolated NTM, is characterized by multiple resistance to +antimycobacterial drugs. Although no infections with this mycobacterium were +reported from our country so far, preventive measures may be considered in +patients under immunosuppression. Because no significant correlations were found +among the presence of NTM or species distribution and water temperature, pH or +free chlorine levels, other factors need to be investigated. + +© 2013 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/apm.12066 +PMID: 23509870 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +653. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2013 Sep-Oct;22(5):368-72. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2013.02.001. +Epub 2013 Mar 13. + +Effect of topical N-acetylcysteine in the prevention of postoperative pericardial +adhesion formation in a rabbit model. + +Colak N(1), Nazli Y, Alpay MF, Aksoy ON, Akkaya IO, Bayrak R, Cakir O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Fatih, Faculty of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ncolak44@gmail.com. + +BACKGROUND: N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of reduced glutathione, has been +in clinical use primarily as a mucolytic. In addition, NAC is well known for +their free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Increasing of reactive +oxygen products occurring during cardiac surgery can play an important role in +postoperative adhesion formation. We investigated to the efficacy of the NAC for +postoperative pericardial adhesions. +METHODS: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits (2.5-3 kg) were used and categorized +into two groups including study (use of NAC) and control groups. In both groups, +the pericardium was opened longitudinally, and the exposed epicardial surfaces +were abraded with dry gauze. The rabbits were divided into two groups: Group 1 +was treated with the sponge, which impregnated with NAC solution, (10%, 300 mg/3 +ml) and applied over the abraded epicardium for 5 min (n=8). Group 2 was the +control, and the sponge, which was impregnated with 3-ml isotonic NaCl solution +(0.9%), was applied onto the surface of the abraded epicardium for 5 min (n=8). +After a period of 2 weeks, the animals were sacrificed. The scores of adhesion +were graded by macroscopic examination, and the pericardial tissues were analyzed +microscopically in point of inflammation and fibrosis. +RESULTS: In Group 1, the adhesion scores were significantly lower compared with +the control group [Group 1 vs. 2; 1 (1-2) vs. 3 (2-3), P<.001]. No significant +difference was found between the groups in terms of the severity of inflammation +[Group 1 vs. 2; 1.5 (1-3) vs. 2.5 (1-3), P=.083]. There was a difference between +groups in terms of the degree of fibrosis [Group 1 vs. 2; 2 (1-2) vs. 3 (2-3), +P=.007]. +CONCLUSIONS: The use of NAC for preventing postoperative pericardial adhesions +was reduced to adhesion and fibrosis scores in an experimental rabbit model. +There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of +inflammatory scores. The NAC effectively prevented the formation of pericardial +adhesion. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2013.02.001 +PMID: 23490044 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +654. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Oct-Dec;55(4):583-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.107835. + +Vulvar basal cell carcinoma. + +Kara M(1), Colgecen E, Yildirim EN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bozok University Medical Faculty, +Yozgat, Turkey. + +Although the basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy of skin, it +is rarely seen in vulva and constitutes 2% to 4% of all vulvar cancers. The cause +is unknown but, chronic vulvar irritation is the most important underlying +factor. The patients over 60 years are affected more frequently than younger +ones. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.107835 +PMID: 23455815 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +655. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Oct-Dec;55(4):543-5. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.107809. + +An unusual case of invasive papillary carcinoma of the breast. + +Terzi A(1), Uner AH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University, School of Medicine, Bahcelievler, +Turkey. + +Invasive papillary carcinoma is a rare variant of breast cancer. We report an +unusual case of invasive papillary carcinoma of the breast with high nuclear +grade, brisk mitosis, necrosis, extensive apocrine differentiation, and intense +lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate; additionally triple-negativity for estrogen and +progesterone receptors and Her2 neu. The patient underwent modified radical +mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. But, it was a node negative breast +carcinoma. Increasing the awareness of this clinicopathologic entity would be +helpful in avoiding overtreatment of patients with this cancer even if the tumor +has negative morphological and immunohistochemical prognosticators. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.107809 +PMID: 23455801 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +656. Cytopathology. 2014 Feb;25(1):39-44. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12051. Epub 2013 Feb 26. + +A histological assessment of the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid +cytopathology (2010) abnormal categories: a series of 219 consecutive cases. + +Tepeoğlu M(1), Bilezikçi B, Bayraktar SG. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to establish the distribution of +thyroid lesions that were seen in Hatay (a province of southern Turkey), to +review the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of +thyroid nodules and to correlate the FNAC results with the histopathology of the +excised specimens, especially in indeterminate cases. +METHODS: Data on patient cytology were retrieved by a retrospective search of all +thyroid FNAC specimens that had been evaluated at the Department of Pathology, +Antakya Public Hospital, Hatay, Turkey between January 2009 and February 2011; +1021 thyroid FNAC samples were reviewed and interpretations were recorded +according to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC). +The results of adequate FNAC samples were compared with the histological +diagnoses in the cases in which surgery was performed, and the malignancy rates, +especially in indeterminate categories, were calculated. +RESULTS: Of the 1021 FNAC samples, 697 (68.3%) were benign, 122 (11.9%) were +non-diagnostic, 100 (9.8%) were atypia of undetermined significance/follicular +lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), 41 (4%) were follicular +neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN), 36 (3.5%) were suspicious +for malignancy (SM) and 25 (2.4%) were malignant. In 219 cases, there was +follow-up histology. Rates of malignancy were as follows: benign, 0%; AUS/FLUS, +12.7%; FN/SFN, 35.0%; SM, 91.4%; malignant, 100%. +CONCLUSIONS: In our study, the cytohistological correlation of benign and +malignant lesions was 100%. In the indeterminate categories, we recommend that +clinicians should evaluate both the clinical and radiological findings of +patients in addition to the FNAC results. + +© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12051 +PMID: 23438201 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +657. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2013 Oct;32(5):337-40. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2013.768736. +Epub 2013 Feb 19. + +An unusual case of trisomy 18 associated with paucity of bile ducts. + +Kahramaner Z(1), Erdemir A, Cosar H, Turkoglu E, Sutcuoglu S, Turelik O, Cumurcu +S, Bayol U, Ozer E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ministry of Health, Izmir +Tepecik Research and Teaching Hospital, Turkey. + +A case of neonatal cholestasis associated with Trisomy 18 (Edward's syndrome) is +presented. A 3-day-old boy was referred to our clinic due to respiratory +distress, elevated serum direct bilirubin levels, a systolic heart murmur, growth +restriction and micrognathia. Liver biopsy and chromosomal analysis revealed +paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts and Trisomy 18. Extrahepatic biliary atresia +was reported in only a few patients with Trisomy 18. To our knowledge, we +described for the first time a patient with Trisomy 18 and neonatal cholestasis +associated with paucity of interlobular bile ducts. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2013.768736 +PMID: 23421547 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +658. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2013 Oct;32(5):341-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2013.768737. +Epub 2013 Feb 19. + +Prenatal diagnosis of a liver cavernous hemangioma. + +Aslan H(1), Dural O, Yildirim G, Acar DK. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and +Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Liver tumors seldom occur in the perinatal period. Hepatic hemangiomas are the +most common tumors of the liver diagnosed during fetal and neonatal life. The +diagnosis can be suspected antenatally by ultrasound and MR scan. The +differential diagnosis is often challenging. While small hepatic hemangiomas are +usually asymptomatic, large tumors can lead to complications such as high-output +congestive heart failure, consumptive thrombocytopenic coagulopathy and +hemorrhage after tumor rupture. We describe a case of hepatic hemangioma +presenting as a solid abdominal mass with several cystic areas on an obstetric +ultrasound and report on the contribition fetal MR imaging to the diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2013.768737 +PMID: 23421545 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +659. Dis Markers. 2013;34(4):237-46. doi: 10.3233/DMA-130966. + +The use of plasma and urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and +Cystatin C in early diagnosis of septic acute kidney injury in critically ill +patients. + +Aydoğdu M(1), Gürsel G, Sancak B, Yeni S, Sarı G, Taşyürek S, Türk M, Yüksel S, +Senes M, Ozis TN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Gazi University School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. mugeaydogdu@yahoo.com + +AIM: To assess and compare the roles of plasma and urine concentrations of +neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and Cystatin C for early +diagnosis of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) in adult critically ill patients. +METHODS: Patients were divided into three groups as sepsis-non AKI, sepsis-AKI +and non sepsis-non AKI. Plasma samples for NGAL and Cystatin C were determined on +admission and on alternate days and urinary samples were collected for every day +until ICU discharge. +RESULTS: One hundred fifty one patients were studied; 66 in sepsis-non AKI, 63 in +sepsis-AKI, 22 in non-sepsis-non-AKI groups. Although plasma NGAL performed less +well (AUC 0.44), urinary NGAL showed significant discrimination for AKI diagnosis +(AUC 0.80) with a threshold value of 29.5 ng/ml (88% sensitivity, 73% +specificity). Both plasma and urine Cystatin C worked well for the diagnosis of +AKI (AUC 0.82 and 0.86, thresholds 1.5 and 0.106 mg/L respectively). +CONCLUSION: Plasma and urinary Cystatin C and urinary NGAL are useful markers in +predicting AKI in septic critically ill patients. Plasma NGAL raises in patients +with sepsis in the absence of AKI and should be used with caution as a marker of +AKI in septic ICU patients. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-130966 +PMCID: PMC3810366 +PMID: 23396290 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +660. Virchows Arch. 2013 Mar;462(3):323-7. doi: 10.1007/s00428-013-1374-8. Epub 2013 +Feb 3. + +The combination of cytological smears and cell blocks on endobronchial +ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspirates allows a higher diagnostic +yield. + +Alici IO(1), Demirci NY, Yılmaz A, Demirag F, Karakaya J. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Occupational Diseases Hospital, 06280 Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey. +ioalici@hotmail.com + +We compared the diagnostic performances of conventional smears and cell block +preparations of tissue samples obtained with endobronchial ultrasound-guided +transbronchial needle aspiration. We retrospectively analysed 451 patients (926 +lymph nodes) who had undergone endobronchial ultrasound and for whom both smears +and cell blocks were available and compared the diagnostic performances of these +techniques when used alone and combined. Cell block preparations showed higher +diagnostic performance over smears, but the combination was superior to either +alone. The combination of smear and cell block techniques achieved a sensitivity, +specificity and positive and negative predictive values of 92.5, 100, 100, 97.7 +and 99.4, 95.0, 98.6, and 97.9 % for malignant and benign diseases, respectively. +We recommend cell block preparations during endobronchial ultrasound-guided +transbronchial needle aspiration. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-013-1374-8 +PMID: 23377781 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +661. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Feb 15;209(2):99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.10.014. Epub +2013 Jan 17. + +ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family expression levels in urothelial bladder +carcinoma. + +Gunes S(1), Sullu Y, Yegin Z, Buyukalpelli R, Tomak L, Bagci H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis +University, Samsun, Turkey. sgunes@omu.edu.tr + +ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases family plays an important role in cell cycle +regulation. Overexpression of ErbB receptors has been described in several solid +tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of ErbB1, ErbB2, +ErbB3, and ErbB4 expression in bladder cancer. Urinary bladder tumor samples were +obtained from 33 bladder cancers and 7 non-cancerous bladder biopsies. The levels +of ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 genes expression in bladder cancer were +determined by real-time PCR. The presence of protein was confirmed by +immunostaining. Expression of ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 genes increased +0.67, 4.72, 2.89, and 2.65-fold, respectively, in bladder tumors as compared with +normal tissue. There was a significant difference between immunostaining results +of ErbB4 protein in bladder tumors and normal bladder tissue (P<0.01). The +present data suggest that ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 genes may have a role in +bladder cancer tumorigenesis. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.10.014 +PMID: 23333248 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +662. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Sep;65(6):853-61. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.12.004. Epub +2013 Jan 15. + +Protective effect of lycopene against ochratoxin A induced renal oxidative stress +and apoptosis in rats. + +Palabiyik SS(1), Erkekoglu P, Zeybek ND, Kizilgun M, Baydar DE, Sahin G, Giray +BK. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, 06100 +Ankara, Turkey. + +This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of lycopene +against the renal toxic effects of OTA. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (<200 g, n=6) +were treated with OTA (0.5 mg/kg/day) and/or lycopene (5 mg/kg/day) by gavage for +14 days. Histopathological examinations were performed and apoptotic cell death +in both cortex and medulla was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Besides, biochemical +parameters and activities of renal antioxidant selenoenzymes [glutathione +peroxidase 1 (GPx1), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)], catalase (CAT), superoxide +dismutase (SOD); concentrations of total glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde +(MDA) levels were measured. OTA treatment was found to induce oxidative stress in +rat kidney, as evidenced by marked decreases in CAT (35%) activity and GSH levels +(44%) as well as increase in SOD activity (22%) vs control group. Furthermore, +TUNEL analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of TUNEL-positive +cells in cortex (49%) and medulla (75%) in OTA administrated group compared to +control (p<0.05). Lycopene supplementation with OTA increased GPx1 activity and +GSH levels, and decreased apoptotic cell death in both cortex and medulla vs. +control. The results of this study showed that at least one of the mechanisms +underlying the renal toxicity of OTA is oxidative stress and apoptosis is the +major form of cell death caused by OTA. Besides, our data indicate that the +natural antioxidant lycopene might be partially protective against OTA-induced +nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.12.004 +PMID: 23332503 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +663. Cytopathology. 2013 Apr;24(2):105-12. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12039. Epub 2013 Jan 20. + +Diagnostic and prognostic significance of image cytometric DNA ploidy measurement +in cytological samples of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. + +Demirel D(1), Akyürek N, Ramzy I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. demireldilaver@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: To study the DNA ploidy pattern of uterine cervical squamous +intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and its diagnostic and prognostic significance. +METHODS: The study included 31 cases of SIL: 11 low-grade (LSIL) and 20 +high-grade (HSIL). Feulgen-pararosaniline staining was performed on previously +Papanicolaou-stained smears and a DNA image cytometric study was performed. An +internal reference was used to calibrate the samples. +RESULTS: All 31 cases of SIL, either LSIL or HSIL, were non-diploid. Of the 11 +cases of LSIL, four were tetraploid and seven were aneuploid, whereas, of the 20 +cases of HSIL, four were tetraploid and 16 were aneuploid. Stemline aneuploidy +was not a significant discriminator between LSIL and HSIL (P=0.32). Based on +single-cell analysis, HSIL cases had significantly higher DNA content than LSIL +cases (P<0.01). When a mean of 30% or more was used for the 6c-exceeding event +(6cEE) value, the sensitivity and specificity to indicate HSIL were 83% and 64%, +respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 81% and negative +predictive value (NPV) of 65%. All HSIL cases were cervical intraepithelial +neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) on biopsy. In addition, cases which showed +recurrence had more DNA content by single-cell analysis than those with an +indolent clinical behaviour: P=0.04 and P=0.03 for LSIL and HSIL, respectively. +CONCLUSIONS: Image cytometric DNA analysis is a useful technique for diagnostic +and prognostic purposes in uterine cervical SIL when appropriate 'c' values are +used in single-cell analysis. We propose that a >6c DNA content of 30% is useful +as a cut-off level for predicting cases with CIN2+ in DNA image cytometry of +cervical smears. + +© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12039 +PMID: 23331643 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +664. Pathobiology. 2013;80(3):138-45. doi: 10.1159/000341395. Epub 2013 Jan 17. + +Role of rho-kinase gene polymorphisms and protein expressions in colorectal +cancer development. + +Sari I(1), Berberoglu B, Ozkara E, Oztuzcu S, Camci C, Demiryurek AT. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, +Gaziantep, Turkey. isari@gantep.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association +between Rho-kinase (ROCK1 and ROCK2) gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer +(CRC) development. +METHODS: Eighty-five patients operated due to CRC and 178 healthy controls with +similar age and sex were included to this study. Genomic DNA from the patients +and the healthy control cases was analyzed by a BioMark 96.96 dynamic array +system. The protein expressions of ROCK1, ROCK2 and p53 were determined by +immunohistochemical staining. +RESULTS: There were significant associations between ROCK1 (rs73963110 and +rs35996865) and ROCK2 gene polymorphisms (rs2290156, rs10178332, rs35768389, +rs10929732 and rs34945852) with CRC development. However, no marked associations +were found between ROCK2 gene rs965665, rs2230774, rs6755196 and rs1515219 +polymorphisms and the risk of developing CRC. Rho-kinase and p53 +immunohistochemical stainings were markedly elevated in the tumor tissue. There +were significant correlations between vascular and perineural invasions with +ROCK2 or p53 protein expressions. +CONCLUSIONS: These results are the first to demonstrate the contribution of +Rho-kinase in CRC development in patients. Our data showed that the ROCK1 and +ROCK2 genes might be a risk factor for CRC development and that genetic +polymorphisms in these genes may modify individual susceptibility to CRC in the +Turkish population. + +Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000341395 +PMID: 23328676 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +665. Histol Histopathol. 2013 Jul;28(7):865-74. doi: 10.14670/HH-28.865. Epub 2013 Jan +10. + +Ultrastructural evaluation of the effect of N-acetylcysteine on methotrexate +nephrotoxicity in rats. + +Çağlar Y(1), Özgür H, Matur I, Yenilmez ED, Tuli A, Gönlüşen G, Polat S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova +University, Balcali-Adana, Turkey. ycaglar@cu.edu.tr + +The aim of this study is to investigate the possible protective effect of +N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) against the likely methotrexate (MTX) toxicity on the +kidney using ultrastructural together with biochemical data. Moreover, the +immunohistochemical detection of Ki67 nuclear antigen is to be evaluated. Fifteen +male Wistar albino rats, weighing 240-290 g, were divided into three equal +groups: Rats receiving MTX alone, rats receiving MTX plus NAC treatment, and rats +comprising the control group. MTX (18 mg/kg/day, body weight) in dissolved +physiologic saline was administered intraperitoneally to rats during 3 days. For +the MTX plus NAC group, N-Acetylcysteine (300 mg/kg/day, body weight) was +administered together with MTX. At the end of the third day, all the rats were +killed with cervical dislocation to obtain blood and tissue samples. Application +of MTX principally induced prominent large vacuolization in the proximal +convoluted tubule cells, and focal thickening in the glomerular basal lamina of +some glomeruli. A decrease in tissue SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GSH-Px +(glutathione peroxidase), and an increase in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine +and in tissue MDA (malondialdehyde) levels were also seen in the MTX group. These +changes were significantly reversed in the MTX-plus-NAC-treated group. Most of +the vacuoles in the proximal convoluted tubule cells disappeared. Furthermore, an +increase in antioxidant enzyme activities, a decrease in serum urea nitrogen and +creatinine, and tissue MDA levels were all significant. Additionally, an increase +in the number of Ki67 positive-stained cells in proximal tubules was also noted. +In conclusion, NAC may be a promising substance against MTX-induced renal damage. +It might be useful to use NAC supplementally to minimize MTX-induced +nephrotoxicity. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-28.865 +PMID: 23307329 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +666. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2013 Jun;32(3):210-2. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.721474. +Epub 2013 Jan 10. + +Prenatal diagnosis of an autosomal translocation with regular trisomy 21. + +Tunca Y(1), Deveci MS, Koc A, Kaya H, Alanbay I, Coksuer H, Dede M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, +Turkey. + +The coincidence of trisomy 21 and a structural rearrangement is very rare, and +even it has not been reported as a prenatal diagnosis yet. In this article, we +present an autosomal translocation carrier fetus with trisomy 21: 47,XX,+21, +t(3;8)(p21;q24). Although the coincidence of reciprocal translocation and trisomy +may be seen in reciprocal translocation carrier families, de novo cases are +extremely rare. The presented case is diagnosed by amniocentesis, which was +performed because of abnormal fetal ultrasonographic findings and increased +trisomy 21 risk at maternal serum screening test. The postmortem pathologic +examination of the fetus revealed that the findings of hypertelorism and right +lung with two lobes are interesting novel findings of our cases associated with +the breakpoints 3p21 and 8q24. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.721474 +PMID: 23301917 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +667. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Sep;65(6):745-50. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.09.009. Epub +2012 Dec 29. + +Side effect of metenolone enanthate on rats heart in puberty: morphometrical +study. + +Ozdemir O(1), Bozkurt I, Ozdemir M, Yavuz O. + +Author information: +(1)Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, +42079, Campus, Konya, Turkey. oozdemir@selcuk.edu.tr + +The aim of this study was the investigation of effects of the metenolone +enanthate (ME) that is used among athletes as doping and muscle amplifier, on +hearts of male and female rats that are in puberty using morphometrical methods. +A total of 36 rats which were divided into three separate groups (Experiment, ME; +vehicle, PO; control, C) each consisting of 6 male and 6 female rats were used. +0.5 mg/kg metenolone enanthate was applied intraperitoneally into experiment +subjects 5 times a week over a period of 4 weeks. At the end of experiment, rats +were euthanized and their hearts were cut at the level of musculus papillaris +after the fixation in formalin. Hearts were taken out and embedded in paraffin +wax. Photos were taken at cut surfaces, and thickness, diameters and surface area +levels were measured. Left ventriculus mass (LVM) and left ventriculus mass index +(LVMI) were calculated. In the study LVM (p<0.005) and LVMI (p<0.05) were found +to be significantly higher in the ME group in females whereas left ventricular +lumen diameter (LVLD) were found to be significantly lower (p<0.05). Thus left +ventricular hypertrophy development was observed. LVM and LVMI were found to be +similar in ME and C groups among male rats and the highest level of these data +were found in the group. LVM and LVMI were higher among females (p<0.006). In +conclusion, it has been shown that the adverse effects of ME on heart were +developing starting from puberty and resulting with the enlargement of the heart +and left ventricular hypertrophy and especially among females this condition was +more evident. It has also been discussed that the continuous use of drugs may +further enhance this condition. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.09.009 +PMID: 23280519 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +668. Pathol Res Pract. 2013 Feb 15;209(2):75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.10.012. Epub +2012 Dec 14. + +Pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis with crescentic and full +moon extracapillary proliferation: clinico-pathologic correlation and follow-up +study. + +Unlu M(1), Kiremitci S, Ensari A, Ozluk Y, Kilicaslan I, Ozdemir BH, Ates D, +Ertoy Baydar D, Gonul II, Memis L, Sarsik B, Sen S, Akkaya B, Orhan D, Gonlusen +G, Ellidokuz H, Ada S, Cavdar C, Akagun T, Kamali S, Aksu K, Yazisiz V, Paydas S, +Soylu A, Sarioglu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. mehtat.unlu@deu.edu.tr + +The prognostic value of the type and extent of extracapillary proliferation (ECP) +in pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephitis (PIGN) was evaluated in +this study. In 141 PIGN cases, all glomeruli with ECP were grouped according to +type (cellular, fibrocellular and fibrous) and extent of the lesions in Bowman's +space; (segmental, semicircumferential and circumferential, which might be termed +full moon-FM). Cases with cellular and fibrous lesions involving ≥ 50% of +glomeruli with ECP were classified as cellular and fibrous groups, respectively, +while the remaining cases were classified as fibrocellular. Cases with segmental +and circumferential (FM glomerulus) lesions involving ≥ 50% of glomeruli with ECP +were classified as ECPI and ECPIII (FM) groups, respectively, while the rest were +classified as ECPII. All the cases were classified according to Berden et al. +Significant results were only nearly obtained for the FM group, including the +need for dialysis. The Cox regression model revealed a 2.6-fold risk for FM cases +regarding dialysis requirement. We propose that the percentage of FM glomeruli +should be noted in the pathology report, and cases with more than 50% of FM +glomeruli (FM group) should be identified in the group with increased risk of +dialysis requirement. Our series also suggests that classification according to +Berden et al. is of clinical relevance. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.10.012 +PMID: 23246377 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +669. Ann Pathol. 2012 Dec;32(6):e29-34, 415-20. doi: 10.1016/j.annpat.2012.09.204. +Epub 2012 Nov 22. + +The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: a +study comparing the results of two centers from two different countries. + +[Article in English, French] + +Firat P(1), Cochand-Priollet B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of pathology, Istanbul faculty of medicine, Istanbul university, +Capa-Fatih, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey. pfirat@istanbul.edu.tr + +Three thousand and forty-one cases of thyroid FNAs have been classified following +the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. They have been collected +over a two-year period in two different university centers; one in Turkey and the +other in France. Harmonization in the distribution of the diagnostic categories +as well as an increasing risk of malignancy towards "benign" to "malignant" +categories were shown in both of the series and were quite equivalent to the +Bethesda system expected results. Furthermore, applying this terminology gives us +the opportunity to make an easy comparison between our results. However, some +discrepancies still exist between these two compared series for the estimated +risk of malignancy per category. One reason could be the differences in +application of the cytological criteria. However, close analysis of our results +and comparison with already published series, lead us to point out that +differences between countries and institutions could also be due to factors other +than the Bethesda terminology such as epidemiological factors, organized national +screening and interobserver variability in histopathology. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2012.09.204 +PMID: 23244482 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +670. Acta Cytol. 2013;57(1):91-5. doi: 10.1159/000339275. Epub 2012 Dec 6. + +Mixed hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma: cytohistopathologic findings +and differential diagnosis. + +Canberk S(1), Uludokumaci A, Sonmez C, Cakalir C, Gulsen F, Ozbay G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +sulecanberk@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 80% of all +the primary malignant tumors of the liver. Hepatoblastoma (HBL) is the most +common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver in childhood, and extremely rare +in adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an adult +case with cytopathologic description of a combined HCC and HBL, occurring in a +noncirrhotic liver. +CASE: A 24-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with right-sided abdominal +pain. Masses in the liver were detected radiologically. Fine-needle aspiration +biopsy and core-needle biopsy revealed a malignant hepatocellular tumor with +features of both HCC and HBL. +CONCLUSION: In the present case among the distinct HCC cell groups, areas of +smaller and more primitive cells consistent with embryonal type HBL and some +other groups of cells with intermediate morphology were observed. These findings +suggested the probable single stem cell origin of the tumor with differentiation +to both cell groups rather than a combination of two different tumors. Therefore, +the term 'malignant hepatocellular tumor' could also be considered to define this +particular tumor. This case provides support to the previous reports in which HBL +areas are described in HCC. + +Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000339275 +PMID: 23221400 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +671. Acta Cytol. 2013;57(1):96-9. doi: 10.1159/000339007. Epub 2012 Dec 6. + +Ovarian serous borderline tumor detected by conventional papanicolaou smear: a +case report. + +Tepeoğlu M(1), Ozen O, Ayhan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. merihdemirel@yahoo.com.tr + +BACKGROUND: Although the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear was originally designed to +detect premalignant cervical lesions and cancer, it has become apparent that +malignant cells from extrauterine primaries may also appear in the smears. Here, +we report a case of a serous borderline tumor (SBT) of the ovary that was +detected by a conventional Pap smear. +CASE REPORT: In a 34-year-old woman, who was operated on for a left borderline +ovarian tumor 2 years ago, glandular dysplasia was discovered in a Pap smear +screening. The Pap smear showed a large number of atypical glandular cells +forming 3-dimensional papillary clusters. The cell clusters were enlarged and had +variably sized round or oval nuclei. The background was clean, and this finding +pointed to the noncervical origin of the malignant cells. A right ovarian cystic +mass was discovered and a laparotomy performed. A histologic examination of the +ovarian mass revealed a SBT of the ovary. +CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the value of the Pap smear in discovering +unsuspected extrauterine malignancies, including SBTs of the ovary. + +Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000339007 +PMID: 23220864 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +672. J Comp Pathol. 2013 Jul;149(1):10-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.09.010. Epub 2012 +Dec 6. + +Immunohistochemical characterization of peroxisome proliferator-activated +receptors in canine normal testis and testicular tumours. + +Sozmen M(1), Kabak YB, Gulbahar MY, Gacar A, Karayigit MO, Guvenc T, Yarim M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis +University, TR-55139 Samsun, Turkey. msozmen@hotmail.com + +Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated +transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. +Recent studies have demonstrated that PPARs regulate lipid metabolism and are +expressed in various cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the +expression of PPAR-α, -β and -γ in normal canine testicular tissue and canine +testicular tumours (CTTs). Expression of PPAR-α, -β and -γ was greater (P <0.05) +than in normal testicular tissue. PPARs were therefore induced in CTTs and they +may play a role in the biology of these tumours. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.09.010 +PMID: 23219070 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +673. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2013 Jan;32(1):15-25. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e31825f7c41. + +Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma with a sarcoma-like mural nodule: an +immunohistochemical study with histogenetic considerations and literature review. + +Demirel D(1), Gun I, Kucukodaci Z, Balta AZ, Ramzy I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Turkey. +demireldilaver@yahoo.com + +Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas (PRMCs) are extremely rare tumors +and their association with sarcoma-like mural nodules (SLMNs) has not been +described thoroughly. The aim of this study is to characterize the gross and +microscopic features and the immunohistochemical profile of the first case of +PRMC with SLMN and to discuss the differential diagnosis of SLMNs. The literature +related to primary retroperitoneal mucinous tumors is reviewed in an attempt to +clarify the histogenesis of the epithelial and sarcomatoid components of the +associated mural nodules. A 34-yr-old woman presented with a 14-cm +retroperitoneal cystic lesion with a 6-cm mural nodule. An immunohistochemical +study with a panel of 19 antibodies and a histochemical study for mucin stains +were performed. The epithelial component of the PRMC showed positive staining for +cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK AE1/3, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic +antigen, and calretinin. The neoplasm was not immunoreactive for CK 20, CK 5/6, +and the other antibodies used in this study. In addition, it stained positively +for mucin by mucicarmine, periodic acid-Schiff, and Alcian blue. The stromal +cells of the cyst showed estrogen receptor positivity. SLMN cells were negative +for all CKs and other epithelial markers used in the study, but they showed +diffuse positive staining for vimentin and CD68, and positive staining for Ki-67 +was demonstrated in 25% of these cells. The immunohistochemical and histochemical +profiles of PRMC were similar to those of ovarian mucinous neoplasms and the +mesothelium. The formation of SLMNs seems to be related to subepithelial +hemorrhage and some reactive epithelial changes near the mural nodules. The +specific immunohistochemical and morphologic features of SLMNs are helpful in +differentiating them from malignant mural nodules, including true sarcomas, +osteoclast-rich undifferentiated carcinomas, and carcinosarcomas. Such a +differentiation is critical in view of its significant impact on the management +of these neoplasms, particularly in young patients who desire to preserve their +fertility. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e31825f7c41 +PMID: 23202791 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +674. Pathol Res Pract. 2012 Dec 15;208(12):713-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.07.011. Epub +2012 Nov 13. + +Hepatic amyloidosis: morphologic spectrum of histopathological changes in AA and +nonAA amyloidosis. + +Sarsik B(1), Sen S, Kirdok FS, Akarca US, Toz H, Yilmaz F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +banu.sarsik@ege.edu.tr + +In hepatic amyloidosis (HA), the relationships between the pattern and extent of +amyloid deposition, morphologic changes, associated diseases and clinical data +have not yet been demonstrated. In this study, we sought the correlation between +the above mentioned parameters in HA. Liver biopsies of 34 HA were +retrospectively analyzed for the type, distribution, and intensity of amyloid +deposition and associated morphologic changes. AA and nonAA types were classified +on the basis of immunohistochemistry. Follow-up clinical and laboratory findings +were reviewed. Twenty-three out of 34 patients (67.6%) had AA, and 11 out of 34 +patients (32.4%) had nonAA amyloidosis. The predominant localization pattern in +AA amyloidosis was vascular (91.3%), and in nonAA amyloidosis it was mixed with +other patterns (72.7%). We confirmed that nonAA amyloid involves the hepatic +artery, as well as the portal and central vein, but deposition occurred more +frequently in the sinusoidal areas. We detected a portal stromal pattern only in +cases of nonAA amyloidosis with a mixed pattern of amyloid deposition. The +pattern of amyloid deposition in liver differs between the AA and nonAA type +amyloidosis. The distribution of amyloid within the liver is not a reliable +method for distinguishing AA from nonAA amyloidosis. However, the histological +pattern provides strong clues as to the etiology of the amyloid deposits, and +could provide information on the clinical status and prognosis of these patients. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.07.011 +PMID: 23154038 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +675. Dis Markers. 2013;34(1):23-32. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2012-120946. + +Association between RAS gene polymorphisms (ACE I/D, AGT M235T) and +Henoch-Schönlein purpura in a Turkish population. + +Nalbantoglu S(1), Tabel Y, Mir S, Serdaroğlu E, Berdeli A. + +Author information: +(1)Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ege +University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. nalbantoglusinem@gmail.com + +Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a small-vessel vasculitis of autoimmune +hypersensitivity, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates vascular +homeostasis and inflammation with activation of cytokine release. Thus, we aimed +to investigate the association between HSP and ACE I/D and AGT M235T +polymorphisms. Genotyping was determined by allele specific PCR and PCR-RFLP. We +obtained a significant difference in genotype distribution (p=0.003) and allele +frequencies (p<0.001) of ACE I/D polymorphism between patients and controls, +while no significant association was detected in genotype distribution (p> 0.05) +and allele frequencies (p> 0.05) of the AGT M235T polymorphism. Risk assessment +showed significant risk for HSP in the subjects both with the ID + DD genotype +(p=0.019, OR: 2.288, 95% CI: 1.136-4.609) and D allele (OR: D vs. I: 2.0528, 95% +CI: 1.3632-3.0912, p=0.001) while no significant risk was obtained for HSP in the +subjects both with the MT + TT genotype (p=0.312, OR: 1.3905, 95% T vs. M: 1.065, +95% CI: 0.7326-2.6391) and T allele (OR: patients were stratified by the presence +of certain systemic complications of HSP, no significant association was detected +with ACE I/D, and AGT M235T polymorphisms. Our findings suggest that ACE I/D +polymorphism is significantly associated with HSP susceptibility. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-120946 +PMCID: PMC3810110 +PMID: 23151617 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +676. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2013 Apr;17(2):176-82. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.10.003. +Epub 2012 Nov 9. + +Spectrum of nontumoral renal pathologies in tumor nephrectomies: nontumoral renal +parenchyma changes. + +Sarsık B(1), Simşir A, Yılmaz M, Yörükoğlu K, Sen S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. +banu.sarsik@ege.edu.tr + +Non-neoplastic changes are not rarely seen in renal parenchyma of nephrectomy +specimens removed for primary renal neoplasms. These changes often involve both +kidneys, thus causing impairment of renal function, reducing patient's quality of +life and sometimes threatening it. Renal tissue accompanying the tumor provides +an opportunity in order to evaluate these changes. However, the clinician should +make available clinical and laboratory findings involving renal functions of the +patient to the pathologist. It is also important that the pathologist must have +appropriate knowledge and experience in nephropathology. In this study, we aimed +to correlate these changes with the clinical data and make inquiries regarding +our experience with nonneoplastic kidney pathology. Consecutive 403 nephrectomy +specimens with primary renal neoplasms submitted to our department between 2003 +and 2009 were re-examined. Twenty-three nephrectomy materials from 21 patients +had non-neoplastic changes, 2 of which were bilateral. Patient follow-up data +were obtained from electronic medical records. Of all cases, eight had diabetic +nephropathy; 2, amyloidosis; 5, segmental proliferative and/or sclerotic +glomerulonephritis; and 6, cystic renal changes. These findings were seen in 5% +of nephrectomy specimens diagnosed as clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), +chromophobe cell RCC and oncocytoma, whereas this rate was two times higher in +nephrectomy specimens with papillary RCC. Most patients with renal failure who +were diagnosed with clear cell carcinoma died within the first two years. Despite +limited number of cases in our series, prognosis of cases with clear cell RCC +were poorer. Consequently, we think that non-neoplastic changes should be +reported along with the details regarding the tumor in order to achieve best +treatment planning. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.10.003 +PMID: 23142019 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +677. Int J Exp Pathol. 2012 Dec;93(6):438-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2012.00844.x. + +Distribution of Zonula Occludens-1 and Occludin and alterations of testicular +morphology after in utero radiation and postnatal hyperthermia in rats. + +Erkanlı Şentürk G(1), Ersoy Canillioĝlu Y, Umay C, Demiralp-Eksioglu E, Ercan F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. gozdeerkanli@yahoo.com + +In utero irradiation (IR) and postnatal hyperthermia (HT) exposure cause +infertility by decreasing spermatogenic colony growth and the number of sperm in +rats. Four groups were used: (i) Control group, (ii) HT group (rats exposed to +hyperthermia on the 10th postnatal day), (iii) IR group (rats exposed to IR on +the 17th gestational day) and (iv) IR + HT group. Three and six months after the +procedures testes were examined by light and electron microscopy. Some +degenerated tubules in the HT group, many vacuoles in spermatogenic cells and +degenerated tight junctions in the IR group, atrophic tubules and severe +degeneration of tight junctions in the IR + HT group were observed. ZO-1 and +occludin immunoreactivity were decreased and disorganized in the HT and IR groups +and absent in the IR + HT group. The increase in the number of apoptotic cells +was accompanied by a time-dependent decrease in haploid, diploid and tetraploid +cells in all groups. Degenerative findings were severe after 6 months in all +groups. The double-hit model may represent a Sertoli cell only model of +infertility due to a decrease in spermatogenic cell and alterated blood-testis +barrier proteins in rat. + +© 2012 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2012 +International Journal of Experimental Pathology. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2012.00844.x +PMCID: PMC3521900 +PMID: 23136996 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +678. Korean J Pathol. 2012 Apr;46(2):197-200. doi: +10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.2.197. Epub 2012 Apr 25. + +Parathyromatosis: critical diagnosis regarding surgery and pathologic evaluation. + +Aksoy-Altinboga A(1), Akder Sari A, Rezanko T, Haciyanli M, Orgen Calli A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, +Yesilyurt, Izmir, Turkey. + +Parathyromatosis, in which several nodules of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue +form in the neck and mediastinum, is a rare cause of recurrent +hyperparathyroidism. However, there are some theories regarding the origin of +parathyromatosis, and seeding after rupture of the parathyroid gland capsule +during surgical removal of a parathyroid lesions is the most regarded one. +Herein, we report a 41-year-old man who presented with multiple parathyroid +nodules in and around the left thyroid lobe 5 years after parathyroid surgery for +secondary hyperparathyroidism that was finally diagnosed as parathyromatosis. We +discuss the differential diagnosis of parathyromatosis from other parathyroid +tumors, particularly from parathyroid carcinoma, which is important in the +management of a suspected lesion. + +DOI: 10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.2.197 +PMCID: PMC3479781 +PMID: 23110001 + + +679. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2012 Nov;136(11):1347-58. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0447-OA. + +Mucinous carcinomas of the gallbladder: clinicopathologic analysis of 15 cases +identified in 606 carcinomas. + +Dursun N(1), Escalona OT, Roa JC, Basturk O, Bagci P, Cakir A, Cheng J, Sarmiento +J, Losada H, Kong SY, Ducato L, Goodman M, Adsay NV. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +CONTEXT: There are virtually no data in the literature regarding the incidence, +patterns, and clinicopathologic characteristics of mucinous carcinomas (MCs) of +the gallbladder (GB). +OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of mucinous differentiation in invasive GB +carcinomas and the clinicopathologic characteristics of those that qualify as MC. +DESIGN: Primary invasive GB carcinomas (n  =  606) were reviewed for mucinous +differentiation. Some degree of mucin production was identified in 40 cases +(6.6%); however, only 15 (2.5%) were qualified for the World Health Organization +definition of MC (stromal mucin deposition constituting >50% of the tumor). +RESULTS: The mean age was 65 years, and the female to male ratio was 1.1 (versus +3.9 for conventional pancreatobiliary-type GB adenocarcinomas; P  =  .04). A +significant proportion of the cases (8 of 12, 67%) presented with the clinical +picture and intraoperative findings that were interpreted as acute cholecystitis. +Mean and median tumor sizes were larger than those of conventional +adenocarcinomas (4.8 and 3.4 cm versus 2.9 and 2.5 cm, respectively; P  =  .01). +Most (13 of 15, 87%) cases presented with pT3 tumors (versus 48% for ordinary GB +carcinomas; P  =  .01). Two cases had almost an exclusive colloid pattern (>90% +composed of well-defined stromal mucin nodules that contained scanty carcinoma +cells, most of which were floating within the mucin). Eight cases were of +mixed-mucinous type, showing a mixture of colloid and noncolloid patterns. Five +others had prominent signet-ring cells, both floating within the mucin (which +constituted >50% of the tumor by definition) and infiltrating into the stroma as +individual signet-ring cells in some areas. Immunohistochemical analysis +performed on the 7 cases that had available tissue revealed CK7 in 4 of 7 (57%), +CK20 in 2 of 7 (29%), MUC1 in 4 of 7 (57%), MUC2 in 6 of 7 (86%), CDX2 in 1 of 7 +(14%), MUC5AC in 6 of 7 (86%), MUC6 in 0 of 7 (0%), and loss of E-cadherin in 6 +of 7 (86%). The MLH1 and MSH2 were retained in 6 of 7 cases (100%). Follow-up +information was available for 13 cases: 11 (85%) died of disease (1-37 months) +and 2 (15%) were alive (23 months and 1 month). Overall survival of MCs was +significantly worse than that of conventional adenocarcinomas (13 versus 26 +months; P  =  .01); however, that did not seem to be independent of stage. +CONCLUSIONS: Mucinous carcinomas constitute 2.5% of GB carcinomas. They present +with an acute cholecystitis-type picture. Most MCs are a mixed-mucinous, not pure +colloid, type. They are typically large and advanced tumors at the time of +diagnosis and thus exhibit more-aggressive behavior than do ordinary GB +carcinomas. Immunophenotypically, they differ from conventional GB +adenocarcinomas by MUC2 positivity, from intestinal carcinomas by an often +inverse CK7/20 profile, from pancreatic mucinous carcinomas by CDX2 negativity, +and from mammary colloid carcinomas by a lack of MUC6. Unlike gastrointestinal +MCs, they appear to be microsatellite stable. + +DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0447-OA +PMID: 23106580 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +680. Dis Markers. 2013;34(1):17-22. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00939. + +MTHFR gene C677T mutation and ACE gene I/D polymorphism in Turkish patients with +osteoarthritis. + +Inanir A(1), Yigit S, Tural S, Cecen O, Yildirim E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, +Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey. ainanir@gmail.com + +Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder resulting in destruction of +articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. In +recent years, numerous genetic factors have been identified and implicated in +osteoarthritis. The aim of the current study was to examine the influence of +methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T mutation and angiotensin +converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) variations on the risk of +osteoarthritis. Genomic DNA is obtained from 421 persons (221 patients with +osteoarthritis and 200 healthy controls). ACE gene I/D polymorphism genotypes +were determined using polymerase chain reaction using I and D allele-specific +primers. The MTHFR C677T mutation was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) +based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. We found +significant difference between the groups with respect to both ACE and MTHFR +genotype distributions (p< 0.001, p< 0.001 respectively). Our study suggests that +ACE gene DD genotype and MTHFR gene CC genotype could be used as genetic markers +in osteoarthritis in Turkish study populations. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00939 +PMCID: PMC3809745 +PMID: 23089924 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +681. Diagn Pathol. 2012 Oct 20;7:145. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-145. + +A comprehensive morphological study for basal-like breast carcinomas with +comparison to nonbasal-like carcinomas. + +Cakir A(1), Gonul II, Uluoglu O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Besevler 06500, +Ankara, Turkey. erdoganasli@gmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Breast carcinomas can be classified into five subtypes based on gene +expression profiling or immunohistochemical characteristics. Among these +subtypes, basal-like breast carcinomas (BLBCs) are one of the most studied group, +due to their poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the +prevalance, morphological and immunohistochemical features of BLBCs, in Turkish +population. +METHODS: Five hundred invasive breast carcinomas were reviewed for several +morphological features and immunostained for oestrogen and progesterone +receptors, c-ERB-B2, cytokeratin5/6, cytokeratin14, vimentin and epidermal growth +factor receptor (EGFR). Basal-like breast carcinoma was defined as a triple +negative tumor with cytokeratin5/6 and/or EGFR positive. +RESULTS: The prevalance of BLBC was 9.6%. All medullary carcinomas and 55.6% of +metaplastic carcinomas showed basal-like immunophenotype. Patients with BLBC were +younger (p=0.04) and had higher-grade tumors (p<0.0001). Morphologic features +associated with BLBC included increased mitosis, nuclear pleomorphism, presence +of geographic and/or central necrosis, pushing margin of invasion and stromal +lymphocytic response (p<0.0001). Presence of prominent nucleoli and vesicular +nuclear chromatin were the cytological features correlated with basal-like +phenotype (p<0.0001). On multivariate analyses, BLBCs were associated with high +mitotic number (p<0.0001), the presence of vesicular chromatin (p=0.004), high +tubular grade (p=0.011), lymphocytic response (p=0.031) and the absence of +carcinoma insitu (p=0.039). Vimentin was positive in 53.2% of BLBCs, while +cytokeratin14 was less frequently expressed (27.7%). +CONCLUSIONS: BLBCs have some distinctive, but not pathognomonical, morphological +features. Paying attention to these features and adding cytokeratin14 and +vimentin to the immunohistochemical panel can help the definitive diagnosis of +BLBCs. +VIRTUAL SLIDE: Http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/5962175467857400. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-145 +PMCID: PMC3488514 +PMID: 23082819 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +682. Cytopathology. 2013 Dec;24(6):385-90. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12021. Epub 2012 Oct 18. + +Follow-up of atypia and follicular lesions of undetermined significance in +thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Dincer N(1), Balci S, Yazgan A, Guney G, Ersoy R, Cakir B, Guler G. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of PathologyEndocrinology and Metabolism, Yildirim Beyazit +University, Ankara Ataturk Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To report our experience of atypia of undetermined significance +(AUS)/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS) rate and outcome. +METHODS: Among 7658 patients with 19 569 nodules, 524 (2.7%) nodules were +diagnosed as AUS/FLUS on fine needle aspiration (FNA). After exclusion of +patients with simultaneous nodules that were suspicious for follicular neoplasm +or malignancy or that were malignant, 368 (4.8%) patients were diagnosed as +AUS/FLUS. The outcome of 146 patients who had undergone surgery or repeated fine +needle aspirate at the time of preparation of this study was evaluated. The +original FNAs were matched to repeated FNAs and thyroidectomy or diagnostic +lobectomy specimens. +RESULTS: Seventy-two (19.6%) of the 368 patients had directly undergone surgery, +either a lobectomy or a thyroidectomy: of these, 27 (37.5%) had neoplastic +nodules (21 were malignant). Seventy-four (20.1%) of the 368 patients had repeat +FNA. On second FNA, 47 of 74 (63.5%) were benign, three were suspicious for +follicular neoplasm, one was malignant and 23 (31.1%) were non-diagnostic. Four +patients had a third FNA: two were AUS/FLUS, one was malignant and one +non-diagnostic. One patient had a fourth FNA, which was diagnosed as AUS/FLUS. +Sixteen (21.6%) of 74 patients with repeat FNA had surgery: three of these had +neoplastic nodules (two were malignant). Overall, 88 of the 368 (23.9%) patients +had a thyroidectomy of which 30 (34.1%) were neoplastic and 23 (26.1%) malignant. +The neoplastic rate for patients who were once diagnosed with AUS/FLUS was 8.2% +and the malignancy rate 6.3%. The malignancy rate for patients on follow-up at +the time we prepared the study was 15.7% (23/146); 222 remained on follow-up +without surgery or repeat FNA or were managed elsewhere. +CONCLUSIONS: Although in this category repeat FNA is expected rather than +excision, we suggest evaluation of all AUS/FLUS patients in multidisciplinary +meetings to decide management and recommend follow-up of all patients with this +diagnosis. + +© 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12021 +PMID: 23078633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +683. Virchows Arch. 2012 Nov;461(5):495-504. doi: 10.1007/s00428-012-1319-7. Epub 2012 +Oct 6. + +Serrated polyps of the colon: how reproducible is their classification? + +Ensari A(1), Bilezikçi B, Carneiro F, Doğusoy GB, Driessen A, Dursun A, Flejou +JF, Geboes K, de Hertogh G, Jouret-Mourin A, Langner C, Nagtegaal ID, Offerhaus +J, Orlowska J, Ristimäki A, Sanz-Ortega J, Savaş B, Sotiropoulou M, Villanacci V, +Kurşun N, Bosman F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara, +Turkey. ensariarzu@gmail.com + +For several years, the lack of consensus on definition, nomenclature, natural +history, and biology of serrated polyps (SPs) of the colon has created +considerable confusion among pathologists. According to the latest WHO +classification, the family of SPs comprises hyperplastic polyps (HPs), sessile +serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps), and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs). The +term SSA/P with dysplasia has replaced the category of mixed +hyperplastic/adenomatous polyps (MPs). The present study aimed to evaluate the +reproducibility of the diagnosis of SPs based on currently available diagnostic +criteria and interactive consensus development. In an initial round, H&E slides +of 70 cases of SPs were circulated among participating pathologists across +Europe. This round was followed by a consensus discussion on diagnostic criteria. +A second round was performed on the same 70 cases using the revised criteria and +definitions according to the recent WHO classification. Data were evaluated for +inter-observer agreement using Kappa statistics. In the initial round, for the +total of 70 cases, a fair overall kappa value of 0.318 was reached, while in the +second round overall kappa value improved to moderate (kappa = 0.557; p < 0.001). +Overall kappa values for each diagnostic category also significantly improved in +the final round, reaching 0.977 for HP, 0.912 for SSA/P, and 0.845 for TSA +(p < 0.001). The diagnostic reproducibility of SPs improves when strictly +defined, standardized diagnostic criteria adopted by consensus are applied. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-012-1319-7 +PMID: 23052370 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +684. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Jul-Sep;55(3):402-5. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.101759. + +Cerebellar malignant fibrous histiocytoma. + +Gelincik I(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, +Turkey. + +Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is uncommon within the central nervous +system. MFH is a malignant tumor composed of a mixture of fibroblastic and +histiocytic cells, and is also known as pleomorphic fibrous xanthoma, malignant +fibrous xanthoma, and pleomorphic fibrous histiocytoma. It is a pleomorphic +sarcoma originally found in soft tissue and there are few reported cases within +the central nervous system, in particular the cerebellum. To the best of my +knowledge, this is third case arising from the cerebellum. This tumor is +difficult to diagnose and may be difficult to treat. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.101759 +PMID: 23032846 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +685. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Jul-Sep;55(3):375-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.101749. + +Urbach-Wiethe disease (lipoid proteinosis). + +Kucuk U(1), Erdogan IG, Bayol U, Hacioglu N, Cukurova I, Bicakci C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Lipoid proteinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of variable severity +that may involve the skin, mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and +internal organs that may display different clinical manifestations based on the +site of involvement. A 34-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with +a complaint of hoarseness present since childhood but had worsened in recent +years. A dermatological examination revealed light brown papillomatous skin +lesions on the dorsum of both hands and elbows present for a long duration. +Endoscopic examination of the larynx revealed widespread mucosal thickening and +irregularity. Microscopic examination revealed acid Schiff (PAS) positive, Congo +red negative eosinophilic hyaline material deposits in the dermis and submucosal +regions. The final diagnosis was lipoid proteinosis with skin and larynx +involvement. This typical case has been reported to draw attention to the fact +that lipoid proteinosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of +patients presenting with hoarseness in childhood. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.101749 +PMID: 23032836 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +686. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Jul-Sep;55(3):319-25. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.101737. + +Genetic alterations in benign, preneoplastic and malignant breast lesions. + +Kabalar ME(1), Karaman A, Aylu B, Ozmen SA, Erdem I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Erzurum Nenehatun Obstetrics and Gynecology +Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey. + +CONTEXT: The c-erbB-2 proto-oncogene is a member of the epidermal growth factor +receptor family and has been associated with a more aggressive breast tumor +biology and resistance to some types of treatments. +AIMS: The aim is to investigate the correlation among bcl-2 and c-erbB-2 and the +micronucleus (MN) formation in patients with early breast cancer (BC). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted between May 2010 and December +2011. We analyzed the MN frequencies in 15 patients with invasive breast +carcinoma (IBC), 13 patients with intraductal proliferative lesion (IDPL) and 12 +benign breast lesion (BBL). The sample consisted of 40 formalin-fixed, +paraffin-embedded blocks of benign and malignant breast tissue. The specimens +were evaluated for bcl-2 or c-erbB-2 immunoreactivity was semi-quantitatively +evaluated in at least 1000 cells examined under the microscope at 40Χ +magnification and recorded as the percentage of c-erbB-2 and bcl-2 positive tumor +cells over the total number of cells examined in the same area. The percentage +scores were subsequently categorized using the 5% cut-off point for positive +staining. +RESULTS: The MN was significantly increased in IBC and in IDPL patients compared +to BBL patients (3.82 ± 0.17 and 2.37 ± 0.52, respectively, vs. 1.61 ± 0.40, P < +0.001). On other hand, the MN frequencies in IBC patients were higher than those +in IDPL patients (3.82 ± 0.17 vs. 2.37 ± 0.52, P < 0.01). c-erbB-2, had the +highest record in IBC (60%), and the score was not observed in both IDPL and BBL: +bcl-2 immunostaining was also assessed, the lowest recorded score was in IBC +(46.66%) and the highest in both BBL and IDPL (100%). Furthermore, there was a +significantly difference in the mean MN frequency between c-erbB-2 positive IBC +patients (4.06 ± 0.48) and c-erbB-2 negative IBC patients (3.44 ± 0.39) (P < +0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that increased chromosome / DNA instabilities +may be associated with the pathogenesis of early BC. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.101737 +PMID: 23032824 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +687. APMIS. 2013 Mar;121(3):232-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2012.02961.x. Epub 2012 +Aug 28. + +Epstein-Barr virus frequency in primary central nervous system lymphomas in +Turkey. + +Saglam A(1), Akyurek N, Soylemezoglu F, Uner A. + +Author information: +(1)Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas are rare neoplasms which are +usually not associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in immunocompetent patients. +The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of EBV in primary CNS +lymphomas in the Turkish population. Thirty-two primary CNS lymphomas diagnosed +according to the WHO 2008 criteria were included in this study. The presence of +EBV small ribonucleic acids was investigated by in situ hybridization using EBV +encoded small RNA oligonucleotides. The expression of CD10, Bcl-6, MUM-1/IRF-4, +Bcl-2, and Ki-67 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The patient cohort +included 20 male patients and 12 female patients with a median age of 53.5 years +(range 13-75). Seven (22%) of cases were classified as germinal center (GC) and +25 (78%) cases as non-GC phenotype according to the Hans criteria. Twenty-six +(81%) of the cases showed strong Bcl-2 expression and the median Ki-67 index was +78%. EBV expression was observed in four primary CNS lymphoma cases (12.5%). Most +primary CNS lymphomas show non-GC phenotype with high Bcl-2 expression and high +proliferative rate. The incidence of EBV in primary CNS lymphomas from Turkey +appears to be higher than that observed in the Western countries. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2012.02961.x +PMID: 23030256 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +688. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2013 Feb;17(1):72-4. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.08.001. +Epub 2012 Sep 26. + +Xanthomatous hyperplastic polyps of the stomach: clinicopathologic study of 5 +patients with polypoid gastric lesions showing combined features of gastric +xanthelasma and hyperplastic polyp. + +Bassullu N(1), Turkmen I, Uraz S, Yagiz Korkmaz P, Memisoglu R, Gultekin OS, +Bulbul Dogusoy G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, İstanbul Bilim University, Faculty of Medicine, +Turkey. nuraybs@gmail.com + +Gastric xanthelasmas are uncommon benign lesions that are macroscopically +well-demarcated yellow or yellow-white plaques and are microscopically formed by +collections of foamy macrophages. Because gastric hyperplastic polyps may rarely +be associated with xanthelasma, we aimed to report 5 cases of combined lesions +showing features of gastric xanthelasma and hyperplastic polyps observed over the +past 3 years at our institution among 4497 patients who underwent gastric +endoscopy. The patients were 3 men and 2 women aged 45 to 78 years. The lesions +were located in oxyntic mucosa, except one in the antrum, and measured 2 to 6 mm. +Three patients showed associated chronic gastritis; none showed evidence of +Helicobacter pylori infection. Combined lesions of hyperplastic polyp with +xanthelasma appear to have an association with chronic gastritis, and the lipid +accumulation may be the cause of hyperplasia in the overlying mucosa. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.08.001 +PMID: 23020998 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +689. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2013 Jun;32(3):213-7. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.721475. +Epub 2012 Sep 24. + +Association between pre-eclampsia and inherited thrombophilias. + +Deveer R(1), Engin-Ustun Y, Akbaba E, Halisdemir B, Cakar E, Danisman N, +Mollamahmutoglu L, Yesilyurt A, Candemir Z. + +Author information: +(1)Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. deveer3@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine whether inherited thrombophilia increases the +risk of pre-eclampsia (PE) or interferes with its clinical course. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 50 patients with severe PE and 50 healthy +pregnant women. Patients were evaluated for inherited thrombophilia. +RESULTS: Fourteen patients in the study group was factor V Leiden (FVL) carrier +while it was 12% in the control group. In women with PE, FVL and other inherited +thrombophilic factors were not more prevalent than in the controls. +CONCLUSION: The present study failed to demonstrate an association between the +inherited thrombophilias and PE. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.721475 +PMID: 23002795 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +690. Diagn Pathol. 2012 Sep 20;7:124. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-124. + +Immunohistochemistry with apoptotic-antiapoptotic proteins (p53, p21, bax, +bcl-2), c-kit, telomerase, and metallothionein as a diagnostic aid in benign, +borderline, and malignant serous and mucinous ovarian tumors. + +Ozer H(1), Yenicesu G, Arici S, Cetin M, Tuncer E, Cetin A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, +58140, Turkey. haticozer@gmail.com + +BACKGROUND: In many tumors including ovarian cancer, cell proliferation and +apoptosis are important in pathogenesis and there are many alterations in most of +the genes related to the cell cycle. This study was designed to evaluate +immunohistochemistry with apoptotic-antiapoptotic proteins (p53, p21, bax, and +bcl-2), c-kit, telomerase, and metallothionein as a diagnostic aid in typing of +benign, borderline, and malignant serous and mucinous ovarian tumors. +METHODS: Total of 68 ovarian tumors, 25 benign [13 (19.1%) serous and 12 (17.6%) +mucinous], 16 borderline [9 (13.2%) serous and 7(10.3%) mucinous], and 27 +malignant ovarian tumors [24 (35.3%) serous and 3 (4.4%) mucinous tumors] were +included in the study. Immunohistochemical expression of p53, p21, bax, bcl-2, +telomerase, c-kit, and metallothionein were evaluated. +RESULTS: When all 68 cases were evaluated as benign, borderline, and malignant +ovarian tumors without considering histopathological subtypes, the p53, p21, bax +and metallothionein showed significantly higher staining scores in the borderline +and malignant ones (p < 0.05). After evaluation of all 68 cases, the serous +tumors showed significantly higher staining scores of p53, p21, c-kit, and +metallothionein compared to the mucinous ones (p < 0.05). For differentiation of +benign and borderline and malignant tumors combined, p53 was not used because all +benign tumors has no staining, and p21, bax, and metallothionein was determined +the significant predictors for borderline and malignant tumors combined +(p < 0.05). For differentiation of borderline and malignant tumors, only p53 was +determined the significant predictor for malignant tumors (p < 0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, p53, p21, bax, c-kit, and metallothionein may be +helpful for the typing of ovarian tumors as benign, borderline and malignant or +serous and mucinous. p53, p21, bax, c-kit, and metallothionein may have different +roles in the pathogenesis of ovarian tumor types. p53 and metallothionein may be +helpful in the typing of borderline and malignant ovarian tumors. The +immunohistochemical staining with bcl-2 and telomerase may not provide meaningful +contribution for the typing of ovarian tumors. +VIRTUAL SLIDE: The virtual slides for this article can be found here: +http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2013030833768498. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-124 +PMCID: PMC3523067 +PMID: 22995373 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +691. Dis Markers. 2012;33(3):113-8. + +Common Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene mutations associated with ankylosing +spondylitis in Turkish population. + +Yigit S(1), Inanir A, Karakus N, Kesici E, Bozkurt N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, +Tokat, Turkey. + +Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory rheumatic disease. +Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene, which has already been identified as being +responsible for familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), is also a suspicious gene for +AS because of the clinical association of these two diseases. The aim of this +study was to explore the frequency and clinical significance of MEFV gene +mutations (M694V, M680I, V726A, E148Q and P369S) in a cohort of Turkish patients +with AS. Genomic DNAs of 103 AS patients and 120 controls were isolated and +genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length +polymorphism (RFLP) methods. There was a statistically significant difference of +the MEFV gene mutation carrier rates between AS patients and healthy controls +(p=0.004, OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.32-4.76). This association was also observed in +allele frequencies (p=0.005, OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.27-4.2). A relatively higher +frequency was observed for M694V mutation in AS patients than controls (10.7% +versus 4.2% , p=0.060). There were no significant differences between MEFV +mutation carriers and non-carriers with respect to the clinical and demographic +characteristics. The results of this study suggest that MEFV gene mutations are +positively associated with a predisposition to develop AS. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0911 +PMCID: PMC3810788 +PMID: 22960328 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +692. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2013 May-Jun;22(3):183-8. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.07.006. +Epub 2012 Sep 3. + +Mediastinal adipose tissue expresses a pathogenic profile of 11 β-hydroxysteroid +dehydrogenase Type 1, glucocorticoid receptor, and CD68 in patients with coronary +artery disease. + +Atalar F(1), Gormez S, Caynak B, Akan G, Tanriverdi G, Bilgic-Gazioglu S, Gunay +D, Duran C, Akpinar B, Ozbek U, Buyukdevrim AS, Yazıcı Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department Growth-Development and Pediatric Endocrinology, Child Health +Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Cardiac visceral fat is accepted to be a new marker for +cardiometabolic risk due to its association with increased cardiovascular risk +factors. This study aimed to compare the expression of 11 beta hydroxysteroid +dehydrogenases (11β-HSD)-1, glucocorticoid receptor (GCR), and CD68 in +mediastinal and subcutaneous adipose tissues (MAT, and SAT, respectively) and to +assess their possible relationships with the development of coronary artery +disease (CAD). +METHODS AND RESULTS: Expression of 11β-HSD-1, GCR, and CD68 mRNA levels were +measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in MAT and SAT +tissues of 37 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting due to CAD (CAD +group) and 19 non-CAD patients (controls) undergoing heart valve surgery. +11β-HSD-1 in MAT and SAT and GCR expression in MAT and SAT were found to be +significantly increased in CAD group when compared with controls (P<.05, +respectively). In CAD group, 11β-HSD-1 mRNA levels were found to be significantly +higher in MAT compared to SAT (P<.05). CD68 mRNA levels were significantly higher +in MAT of CAD group compared to controls (P<.05). Immunohistochemical analyses +demonstrated the presence of CD68+ cells and increased 11β-HSD-1 expression in +MAT of CAD group compared to SAT. +CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrate that the mediastinal fat exhibits a +pathogenic mRNA profile of 11β-HSD-1, GCR, and CD68. The identification of +11β-HSD-1 expression within the mediastinal fat, along with increased GCR +expressions and the presence of CD68+ cells highlight that MAT potentially +contributes to the pathogenesis of CAD. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.07.006 +PMID: 22955009 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +693. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2012;5(6):609-13. Epub 2012 Jul 29. + +Late recurrence of sigmoid carcinoma mimicking primary vulvar cancer: case report +and review of the literature. + +Pabuccu E(1), Tolunay HE, Kocbulut E, Taskın S, Ortac F, Sertcelik A, Sasmaz A, +Savas B. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, +Ankara, Turkey. pabuccu@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a unique case report about late and isolated vulvar +metastasis of sigmoid adeno-carcinoma with review of the literature. +MATERIAL-METHOD: 57 year old postmenopausal patient with prior sigmoid colon +cancer history was admitted with isolated vulvar mass. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) +and KRAS gen mutation analysis following surgery were performed to discriminate +the metastasis from a vulvar primary malignancy. Further imaging techniques were +also performed to exclude additional tumours. +RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and KRAS gene mutation analysis revealed +isolated metastasis of the colonic adeno-carcinoma in the vulva. +CONCLUSION: Isolated and late occurring vulvar metastasis of colonic origin is +very unusual. Careful evaluation and IHC is useful for such cases. + + +PMCID: PMC3430105 +PMID: 22949946 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +694. Diagn Pathol. 2012 Aug 15;7:101. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-101. + +Histopathological analysis of vesicular and bullous lesions in Kaposi sarcoma. + +Kandemir NO(1), Barut F, Gün BD, Tekin NS, Keser SH, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Karaelmas University, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, +Turkey. niluferkandemir@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: In this study, the clinical and morphological features of +vesiculobullous lesions observed in Kaposi sarcoma are analyzed, and the features +of bullous Kaposi sarcoma cases are emphasized. +METHODS: A total of 178 biopsy materials of 75 cases diagnosed as classic-type +cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma were reviewed. Twenty-five cases showing vesiculobullous +features were included in the study. Tumor, epidermis, dermis, and clinical data +regarding these cases was evaluated. +RESULTS: Vesicular changes were observed in 21 (12%) out of 178 lesions of the 75 +cases, while bullous changes were present in only 4 (2%). In all cases where +vesicular and bullous changes were detected, tumor, epidermis, and dermis changes +were similar. All cases were nodular stage KS lesions, whereas hyperkeratosis and +serum exudation in the epidermis, marked edema in the dermis, and enlarged +lymphatic vessels and chronic inflammatory response were observed. +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that changes in vascular resistance occurring +during tumor progression are the most important factors comprising +vesiculobullous morphology. +VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: +http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1646397188748474. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-101 +PMCID: PMC3488507 +PMID: 22894735 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +695. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Jul;65(5):645-50. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.07.004. Epub +2012 Aug 10. + +Response of liver to lipopolysaccharide treatment in male and female rats. + +Depboylu B(1), Giriş M, Olgaç V, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Çapa 34093, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Gender is considered to be an important factor in endotoxin-induced tissue +damage. Our aim was to examine the role of sex on the prooxidant-antioxidant +status, necrotic and apoptotic events in the liver of lipopolysaccharide +(LPS)-treated rats. We determined levels of lipid peroxides, non-enzymatic and +enzymatic antioxidants, and expressions of apoptosis-related proteins, +antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and proapoptotic Bax, caspase-3 activity +and apoptotic cell numbers in the liver. Hepatic histopathology and serum alanine +transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities were also +investigated. Male and female Wistar rats (180-200 g) were injected with LPS (10 +mg/kg, i.p.) and examinations were performed 6 h after the injection. Significant +increases in hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and diene conjugate +levels were observed in male and female rats following LPS treatment. However, +there were no changes in hepatic glutathione, vitamin E and vitamin C levels +together with superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione +transferase activities. LPS treatment caused significant increases in serum ALT +and AST activities and lymphocyte infiltration and necrotic changes in the +livers. Bcl-2 and Bax expressions, caspase-3 activity and apoptotic cell numbers +were also found to be increased in both groups. In conclusion, no sex-dependent +difference was observed in the changed hepatic prooxidant-antioxidant status of +rats following LPS treatment. Besides, the process leading to apoptosis and +necrosis in the liver showed a similar pattern in both gender of rats. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.07.004 +PMID: 22884257 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +696. APMIS. 2012 Sep;120(9):689-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2012.02887.x. Epub 2012 +Mar 24. + +Thymosin β4 is a novel potential prognostic marker in gastrointestinal stromal +tumors. + +Can B(1), Karagoz F, Yildiz L, Yildirim A, Kefeli M, Gonullu G, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, +Samsun, Turkey. canbilge@yahoo.com + +Thymosin beta-4 (Tβ(4)) is a major actin-sequestering molecule that contributes +to cell growth, differentiation, motility, survival, mitosis and angiogenesis. It +is overexpressed in certain type of carcinoma and fibrosarcoma cell lines and is +associated with metastatic potential. The aim of this study was to investigate +the relationship between Tβ(4) expression and clinicopathologic features and VEGF +status in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Retrospectively, 60 GISTs were +re-examined and immunohistochemistry for Tβ(4) and VEGF was performed. Increased +expression of Tβ(4) and VEGF was observed in 26 (43.3%) and in 19 (31.6%) of the +tumors, respectively. Tβ(4) expression was positively correlated with VEGF +expression (p < 0.01). Tβ(4) and VEGF expression were significantly associated +with tumor size (p = 0.00 and p = 0.02, respectively) and high mitosis (p = 0.03 +and p = 0.00, respectively). Although Tβ(4) expression was positively associated +with pleomorphism (p = 0.01), VEGF expression was positively associated with +necrosis (p = 0.03). Tβ(4) expression was related with local recurrence and/or +metastasis (p = 0.03), but VEGF expression was not (p = 0.12). We firstly +demonstrate the presence of Tβ(4) protein in GISTs. Our study reveals that +increased expression of Tβ(4) could be considered as an indicator of aggressive +behavior of tumor. + +© 2012 The Authors APMIS © 2012 APMIS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2012.02887.x +PMID: 22882257 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +697. Diagn Pathol. 2012 Aug 6;7:91. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-91. + +Invasive lobular carcinoma with extracellular mucin as a distinct variant of +lobular carcinoma: a case report. + +Haltas H(1), Bayrak R, Yenidunya S, Kosehan D, Sen M, Akin K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Fatih University School of Medicine, No:57 06510, +Ankara, Turkey. hhaltas@hotmail.com + +The differences between invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas affect the +diagnostic and therapeutic management for patients with breast cancer. In most +cases, this can be accomplished because of distinct histomorphologic features. +However, occasionally, this task may become quite difficult, in particular when +dealing with the variants of infiltrating lobular carcinoma. Lobular carcinoma +has been considered a variant of mucin-secreting carcinoma with only +intracytoplasmic mucin. The presence of extracellular mucin is a feature of +ductal carcinoma. Herein is presented a case of lobular carcinoma with +extracellular and intracellular mucin in a 43-year-old female patient, and +confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Up to the present, infiltrating lobular +carcinoma displaying extracellular mucin has not been described in the literature +except two case. Virtual slides: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be +found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1839906067716744. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-91 +PMCID: PMC3487798 +PMID: 22867429 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +698. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2012 Aug;36(4):244-51. + +Not only melatonin but also caffeic acid phenethyl ester protects kidneys against +aging-related oxidative damage in Sprague Dawley rats. + +Eşrefoğlu M(1), Iraz M, Ateş B, Gül M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif +University, Istanbul, Turkey. drmukaddes@hotmail.com + +Microscopic features and antioxidant status of kidneys of young, old, and caffeic +acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and melatonin administered old Sprague Dawley rats +were evaluated. Aging-related tubular and glomerular changes were evident. The +most prominent tubular alterations were massive vacuole formation, mitochondrial +degeneration, and lysosome accumulation. Mean tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level +was increased, mean tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) (p < .001), +and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities (p < .05), and total glutathione +(GSH) level were decreased in old animals. Melatonin significantly reduced tissue +MDA levels (p < .005), but increased tissue SOD (p < .001), CAT, and GPx +activities (p < .05), and GSH levels (p < .005) in old animals. CAPE also +significantly reduced tissue MDA levels (p < .005), but increased tissue SOD (p < +.05), CAT (p < .005), GPx activities, and GSH levels (p < .001) in old rats. Mean +tissue MDA levels of melatonin and CAPE-administered rats were even lower than +those of young rats (p < .05). In conclusion, tubular and glomerular structures +and tissue antioxidant enzyme activities were very well preserved in CAPE and +melatonin-administered rats. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2012.679351 +PMID: 22849526 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +699. Acta Cytol. 2012;56(4):361-9. doi: 10.1159/000338218. Epub 2012 Jul 25. + +Fine-needle aspiration of follicular patterned lesions of the thyroid: diagnosis, +management, and follow-up according to thyroid Bethesda system. + +Ustün H(1), Astarcı HM, Altunkaya C, Yılmaz S, Barın A, Ekici S, Caydere M. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +olgupatoloji@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to report an experience with thyroid +fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases that can be placed into National Cancer +Institute-designated thyroid FNA diagnostic categories for follicular patterned +lesions divided into three diagnostic categories: follicular lesion of +undetermined significance/atypia of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), +suspicious for follicular neoplasm (SFON), and suspicious for malignancy. +STUDY DESIGN: The study cohort included 4,284 cases for the period between +January 2007 and July 2011 and all available follow-up data was obtained. All +cases classified as 'atypical' and 'rule out follicular neoplasm' were included +in the AUS/FLUS category (n = 3,903), whereas cases classified as 'suspicious +for' or 'consistent with follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasm' (n = 381) were +included in the SFON diagnostic category and compared with histopathologic +follow-up. +RESULTS: During this period, 14,628 thyroid FNAs were reported in 12,238 +patients. Repeat FNA (RFNA) was performed in 1,366/3,903 (35%) patients +classified as AUS/FLUS. Histologic outcome data was available in 1,756/3,903 +(45%) cases diagnosed as AUS/FLUS and 243/381 (64%) cases diagnosed as SFON. The +rate of malignancy in AUS/FLUS cases with and without RFNA was 29 and 14% +respectively, and it was 26% in SFON cases. +CONCLUSION: The current data shows that the malignancy rates differ between +categories and AUS/FLUS cases are best managed by RFNA for selection of cases +that can benefit from surgical excision. + +Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000338218 +PMID: 22846585 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +700. Dis Markers. 2012;33(2):85-9. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0908. + +Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate +reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism in vitiligo. + +Yasar A(1), Gunduz K, Onur E, Calkan M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, +Manisa, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to determine serum vitamin B12, folic acid and +homocysteine (Hcy) levels as well as MTHFR (C677, A1298C) gene polymorphisms in +patients with vitiligo, and to compare the results with healthy controls. Forty +patients with vitiligo and 40 age and sex matched healthy subjects were studied. +Serum vitamin B12 and folate levels were determined by enzyme-linked +immunosorbent assay. Plasma Hcy levels and MTHFR polymorphisms were determined by +chemiluminescence and real time PCR methods, respectively. Mean serum vitamin B12 +and Hcy levels were not significantly different while folic acid levels were +significantly lower in the control group. There was no significant relationship +between disease activity and vitamin B12, folic acid and homocystein levels. No +significant difference in C677T gene polymorphism was detected. Heterozygote +A1298C gene polymorphism in the patient group was statistically higher than the +control group. There was no significant relationship between MTHFR gene +polymorphisms and vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine levels. In conclusion, +vitamin B12, folate and Hcy levels are not altered in vitiligo and MTHFR gene +mutations (C677T and A1298C) do not seem to create susceptibility for vitiligo. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0908 +PMCID: PMC3810692 +PMID: 22846211 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +701. Dis Markers. 2012;33(2):77-83. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0907. + +Concentrations of connective tissue growth factor in patients with nonalcoholic +fatty liver disease: association with liver fibrosis. + +Colak Y(1), Senates E, Coskunpinar E, Oltulu YM, Zemheri E, Ozturk O, Doganay L, +Mesci B, Yilmaz Y, Enc FY, Kiziltas S, Ulasoglu C, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Medical +Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. dryasarcolak@yahoo.com + +AIM: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the +histological fibrosis stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and serum +connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) to determine the usefulness of this +relationship in clinical practice. +METHODS: Serum samples were collected from 51 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD +and 28 healthy controls, and serum levels of CTGF were assayed by ELISA. +RESULTS: Levels of CTGF were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared +with controls (P=0.001). The serum CTGF levels were significantly increased, that +correlated with histological fibrosis stage, in patients with NAFLD [in patients +with no fibrosis (stage 0) 308.2 ± 142.9, with mild fibrosis (stage 1-2) 519.9 ± +375.2 and with advanced fibrosis (stage 3-4) 1353.2 ± 610 ng/l, P < 0.001]. Also +serum level of CTGF was found as an independent predictor of histological +fibrosis stage in patients with NAFLD (β = 0.662, t=5.6, P <0.001). The area +under the ROC curve was estimated 0.931 to separate patients with severe fibrosis +from patients with other fibrotic stages. +CONCLUSION: Serum levels of CTGF may be a clinical utility for distinguishing +NAFLD patients with and without advanced fibrosis. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0907 +PMCID: PMC3810787 +PMID: 22846210 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +702. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2013 Jun;39(4):362-76. doi: +10.1111/j.1365-2990.2012.01295.x. + +Two distinct types of dying back axonal degeneration in vitro. + +Öztürk G(1), Cengiz N, Erdoğan E, Him A, Oğuz EK, Yenidünya E, Ayşit N. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Medipol Üniversity, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, +Istanbul, Turkey. gozturk@medipol.edu.tr + +AIMS: In many neurodegenerative diseases and following traumas, dying back +degeneration is a common phenomenon that aggravates the pathology and may +eventually lead to death of the affected neurone. We aimed to investigate the +mechanism of dying back degeneration with an in vitro axonal injury model. +METHODS: We cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglion neurones and with a precise +laser beam, cut the axons they extended. Preparations were imaged continuously +and images were analysed to describe and quantify ensuing events. Potential +contributions of calpains and caspases to the degeneration were explored using +specific inhibitors and immunohistochemistry. In vivo implications of the results +were sought in nerve sections after sciatic nerve cut. +RESULTS: The proximal part of the transected axons went under basically two types +of dying back degeneration, fragmentation and retraction. In fragmentation the +cytoplasm became condensed and with concomitant axial collapse the axon +disintegrated into small pieces. In retraction, the severed axon was pulled back +to the soma in an organized manner. We demonstrated that fragmentation was +associated with a high risk of cell death, while survival rate with retraction +was as high as those of uninjured neurones. Regeneration of transected axon was +more likely after retraction than following fragmentation. Activities of +caspase-3 and calpains but not of caspase-6 were found linked with retraction and +regeneration but not with the fragmentation. +CONCLUSIONS: This study describes two quite distinct types of dying back +degeneration that lead an injured neurone to quite different fates. + +© 2012 The Authors. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology © 2012 British +Neuropathological Society. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2012.01295.x +PMID: 22845867 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +703. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2012;5(5):472-8. Epub 2012 May 23. + +Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma presented as peritoneal adenocarcinoma or +primary ovarian cancer: case series and review of the clinical and +immunohistochemical features. + +Taşkın S(1), Gümüş Y, Kiremitçi S, Kahraman K, Sertçelik A, Ortaç F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. salihtaskin@yahoo.com + +Diffuse peritoneal malignant mesothelioma is a rare, progressive, and ultimately +fatal disease and it can present as primary peritoneal carcinoma or ovarian +cancer. Differential diagnosis is important to establish appropriate management. +In this article the clinical presentation, immunuhistochemical and +histopathological features of 8 diffuse peritoneal malignant mesothelioma cases +presented as peritoneal carcinoma or ovarian cancer are evaluated. According to +findings of all reported cases, we concluded that clinical distinction of +malignant mesothelioma from ovarian cancer or peritoneal adenocarcinoma is very +difficult. Differential diagnosis is reliably achieved by immune profile of the +tumors with a systematic approach of both positive and negative mesothelioma +markers. + + +PMCID: PMC3396062 +PMID: 22808303 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +704. Diagn Pathol. 2012 Jul 11;7:80. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-80. + +Clinicopathological significance of fascin and CD44v6 expression in endometrioid +carcinoma. + +Gun BD(1), Bahadir B, Bektas S, Barut F, Yurdakan G, Kandemir NO, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, 67100 +Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey. banudogangun@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Fascin and CD44v6 may have significant roles as biomarkers in tumour +progression and metastasis. In endometrioid carcinomas, the fascin expression +profile is less defined, and the significance of CD44v6 is uncertain. We aimed to +investigate the expressions of both fascin and CD44v6 in endometrioid carcinomas +and to evaluate their inter-relation with clinicopathological parameters. +METHODS: Fascin and CD44v6 expressions were evaluated, individually and in +combination, in a series of 47 endometrioid carcinomas and 10 proliferative +endometrium samples. The staining extent and intensity of both markers in tumour +cells were scored semiquantitatively. The relationship between immunoexpressions +and clinicopathological variables was assessed. +RESULTS: The expression rates of fascin and CD44v6 in endometrioid carcinoma were +72.34% and 46.80%, respectively. Although these expression rates were higher than +those in proliferative endometrial samples, fascin expression showed a +statistically significant difference from the normal group (p = 0.02), but CD44v6 +did not differ (p = 0.54). Fascin expression was significantly correlated with +tumour grade (p = 0.003) and neural invasion (p = 0.036) in a univariate +analysis. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between CD44v6 and +any of the clinicopathological parameters. +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that fascin might be an independent prognostic +indicator in the different steps of extracellular matrix invasion. On the other +hand, CD44v6 was not a predictive factor in endometrioid cancer. +VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: +http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/8511594927206899. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-80 +PMCID: PMC3407727 +PMID: 22784357 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +705. Virchows Arch. 2012 Aug;461(2):195-204. doi: 10.1007/s00428-012-1269-0. Epub 2012 +Jul 8. + +Feasibility and clinical utility of intraoperative consultation with frozen +section in osseous lesions. + +Sezak M(1), Doganavsargil B, Kececi B, Argin M, Sabah D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, 35100, Bornova, +Izmir, Turkey. murat.sezak@ege.edu.tr + +Intraoperative consultation (IOC) with frozen section (FS) allows the surgeon to +make therapy decisions during the operation. However, there is relatively little +information on the use of IOC in skeletal lesions. We performed a retrospective +study to examine the indications for IOC and compare the histological findings of +FS and permanent paraffin section (PS) results to determine its clinical +benefits. Ninety-seven consecutive cases evaluated between 2008 and 2011 were +retrieved from IOC archives of our Pathology Department. In 79 % of the cases, +there was no prior core needle biopsy (CNB), and IOC was performed to confirm the +clinical or radiological diagnosis. In 5 (5 %) cases, no definitive result could +be obtained with FS, and diagnosis was deferred. The reasons for a deferred +diagnosis (DD) included poor section quality in two lipomatous lesions and the +sample heterogeneity in the others. When adjusted for DD, FS and PS results +showed 100 % concordance in terms of discriminating "benign vs. malignant" and +defining diagnostic categories as "benign non-tumoral," "benign +tumoral/tumor-like," "malignant primary tumor," "malignant metastatic tumor," or +"hematopoietic malignancy." The presence of non-sclerotic osseous tissues does +not have a significant adverse impact on the FS section quality and diagnosis +made by FS. Thus, sections with diagnostic value can be obtained from bone +lesions via FS. In this study, specific diagnoses were made in 88 % of the cases. +We believe that IOC with FS can be safely performed in tertiary referral centers +where there is a multidisciplinary team working in collaboration. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-012-1269-0 +PMID: 22772767 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +706. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Apr-Jun;55(2):239-41. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.97893. + +Can influenza H1N1 vaccination lead to the membranous glomerulonephritis? + +Kutlucan A(1), Gonen I, Yildizhan E, Aydin Y, Sav T, Yildirim U. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases, Duzce University, Faculty of Medicine, +Duzce, Turkey. + +In 2009 winter, Influenza A (H1N1) monovalent split virus vaccine was used +prevalently in the whole world as a result of the pandemic caused by Influenza +(H1N1) virus. The vaccine's adverse effects were observed closely and vaccination +has been found as safe in most studies. But some reports about immune response +related diseases after influenza vaccinations are remarkable. The close +relationship between membranous glomerulonephritis and antigens is known, +particularly in seconder forms which occur after viral infections and +vaccinations. So this case report is about a 56-year-old man, who developed +membranous glomerulonephritis 23 days after the vaccination against Influenza A +(H1N1) virus. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.97893 +PMID: 22771654 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +707. Endocr Pathol. 2012 Sep;23(3):135-40. doi: 10.1007/s12022-012-9218-7. + +The relationship of the BRAF(V600E) mutation and the established prognostic +factors in papillary thyroid carcinomas. + +Kurt B(1), Yalçın S, Alagöz E, Karslıoğlu Y, Yigit N, Günal A, Deveci MS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. bkurt@gata.edu.tr + +It has been shown that BRAF(V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) +is associated both with pathogenesis and poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed +to investigate the relationship of the BRAF(V600E) mutation and the established +prognostic factors in a cohort of Turkish patients with PTC. Forty-six cases of +papillary thyroid carcinoma have been evaluated for the presence of BRAF(V600E) +mutation. BRAF(V600E) has been examined by restriction fragment length +polymorphism. BRAF(V600E) mutation status has been compared with well-known +histopathological and clinical prognostic parameters such as invasion of thyroid +capsule, extrathyroidal extension, and the presence of lymph node and/or distant +metastasis. We have found that BRAF(V600E) mutation was present in the majority +of our cases (40/46). Considering the stage of the disease, five of the negative +cases were in stage 1 while the remaining one was in stage 2. Only one +BRAF(V600E) negative case has shown extrathyroidal extension and lymph node +metastasis. All four patients with distant metastasis had BRAF(V600E) mutation. +Statistical analyses revealed that there are no significant relationship between +the BRAF(V600E) mutation and the established prognostic factors. We found a +relatively higher BRAF(V600E) mutation rate in classical type PTC than in other +similar studies. We think that the limited number of our cases may either weaken +or mask some potentially important relationship between BRAF(V600E) mutation and +the established prognostic factors. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-012-9218-7 +PMID: 22767446 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +708. J Comp Pathol. 2012 Nov;147(4):441-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.04.004. Epub 2012 +Jun 20. + +An investigation of growth factors and lactoferrin in naturally occurring ovine +pulmonary adenomatosis. + +Sozmen M(1), Beytut E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz +Mayis, Samsun, Turkey. msozmen@hotmail.com + +Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA), also known as jaagsiekte, is a transmissible +beta retrovirus-induced lung tumour of sheep that has several features resembling +human bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC). Angiogenesis has been suggested to be one +of the most important factors underlying tumour growth and invasion. This process +involves the action of growth factors including vascular endothelial growth +factor (VEGF)-C, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth +factor (PDGF)-C and its receptor (PDGFR-α). Bovine lactoferrin (bLF), an iron and +heparin-binding glycoprotein secreted into various biological fluids, has been +implicated in innate immunity and has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour +functions. Tissues from 16 cases of OPA were compared with tissues from seven +healthy control sheep by immunohistochemistry. Expression of the markers was +assessed semi-quantitatively by ascribing an immunoreactivity score (IRS) with a +maximum value of 300. VEGF-C, bFGF, PDGF-C, PDGFR-α and bLF signals were detected +in 10/16, 15/16, 12/16, 15/16 and 10/16 of the OPA cases studied, respectively. +bLF expression was weak in the neoplastic epithelial cells (IRS 21.4 ± 10.0) in +contrast to high levels detected in infiltrating macrophages and plasma cells +(IRS 141.3 ± 24.8 and 140.0 ± 25.1, respectively). The PDGFR-α IRS was elevated +for neoplastic epithelial cells (108.9 ± 18.2) and was lowest for macrophages and +plasma cells (20.4 ± 13.1 and 13.7 ± 12.4, respectively). These results suggest +that bFGF, VEGF-C and PDGF-C have roles in the pathogenesis of OPA. bLF may +activate macrophages and plasma cells in these lesions, but limited expression of +bLF by neoplastic cells may be a consequence of defective or impaired function of +this molecule. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.04.004 +PMID: 22721818 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +709. Endocr Pathol. 2012 Sep;23(3):157-60. doi: 10.1007/s12022-012-9216-9. + +Increasing diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma follicular variant in +south-east Anatolian region: comparison of characteristics of classical papillary +and follicular variant thyroid cancers. + +Ertek S(1), Yılmaz NC, Cicero AF, Vurupalmaz Ö, Demiröz AS, Erdoğan G. + +Author information: +(1)Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Turkish Ministry of Health, +Şanlıurfa Education and Research Hospital, Esentepe, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. +sibelertek@yahoo.it + +We aimed to compare ratios of thyroid cancers diagnosed in our regional reference +hospital Pathology Center in Sanliurfa city located in southeast Anatolia, and +evaluate the characteristics related with follicular variant papillary thyroid +carcinoma (FVPTC). We re-evaluated the specimens of last 5 years thyroidectomies +by same five pathologists, by same criteria and immunohistochemical evaluation. +Chi-square test was used to compare characteristics of classical pure papillary +thyroid carcinomas and FVPTC groups. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was +used to evaluate the factors related with presence of FVPTC. Among 400 +thyroidectomies, there were 105 papillary thyroid carcinoma, 42 of them with pure +PTC, and 56 with FVPC, also seven with other variants. There was increase in +ratios of FVPTC/PTC between 2010 and 2011 (68.4 vs 76.7%, p < 0.005). Radius, +vascular invasion, and extrathyroidal invasion showed statistically significant +difference between pure PTC and FVPTC. In regression analysis radius (p = 0.001, +OR = 2.611; 95%CI, 2.010-3.391), age (p = 0.018, OR = 0.959; 95%CI, 0.927-0.993), +and multicentricity (p = 0.044, OR = 0.403; 95%CI, 0.167-0.975) were related with +presence of FVPTC. Besides, further need for studies to understand whether total +prevalence of FVPTC is higher in this region, and the related factors, our study +showed that the ratio of FVPTC/PTC is higher in our reference hospital. Age of +the patients and the radius and multicentricity of the nodules could be alarming +factors for us to suspect for FVPTC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-012-9216-9 +PMID: 22711546 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +710. Dis Markers. 2012;33(1):11-8. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0899. + +Diagnostic value of neopterin during neutropenic fever and determination of +disease activity in childhood leukemias. + +Belen FB(1), Kocak U, Albayrak M, Kaya Z, Gursel T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Gazi University School of Medicine, University of +Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey. draida@yahoo.com + +Neopterin, a pteridine group compound that is secreted from macrophages is shown +to be increased in adult leukemia; however there are few studies in childhood +leukemia. This study aimed to investigate neopterin levels during childhood +leukemia treatment and neutropenic fever episodes for the possibility of using as +a marker for disease activity and differentiation of infections. A total of 44 +children with acute leukemia, 19 children with infection (control group 1) and 21 +healthy children (control group 2) were studied. Median serum neopterin level +before induction chemotherapy (day 0) in 25 children (patient group 1) was +significantly higher (27.7 nmol/L) than those at the beginning of 30 febrile +episodes in 19 children in bone marrow remission (2.2 nmol/L) (patient group 2) +and in control group 2 (0.4 nmol/L) (p< 0.05). It was (27.7 nmol/L) also +significantly higher in control group 1 than in patient group 2 and control group +2 (p< 0.05). Serum neopterin levels at day 15 (2.1 mmol/L) and day 33 (0.4 +mmol/L) of induction were significantly lower than day 0 of ALL subgroup at +patient group 1. There were no significant difference in neopterin levels between +days 0, 3 and 5 of neutropenic fever as well as between patients with +microbiologically and/or clinically documented infections and those with fever of +unknown origin in patient group 2 (p> 0.05). Serum neopterin did not show +significant correlation with absolute neutrophil count and absolute monocyte +count (p> 0.05). In conclusion, elevated neopterin at diagnosis of leukemia with +decrement during induction therapy suggest that it might be an indicator of +leukemic process; however larger studies for its role in identifying infections +are warranted. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0899 +PMCID: PMC3810703 +PMID: 22710865 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +711. J Comp Pathol. 2012 Nov;147(4):491-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.04.002. Epub 2012 +May 25. + +Nesidioblastosis in a simmental calf. + +Gacar A(1), Pekmezci D, Karayigit MO, Kabak YB, Gulbahar MY. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz +Mayis, Kurupelit Samsun, Turkey. + +A 2-day-old Simmental calf with arthrogryposis and astasia was subjected to +necropsy examination. The calf was normoglycaemic and normoinsulinaemic. +Microscopically, pancreatic tissue was hyperplastic with an irregular lobular +arrangement of pancreatic islets. Newly-formed islet cells budded from +intralobular or intercalated ducts (so-called ductulo-insular complexes) and +there were prominent blood vessels with telangiectatic features surrounded by +rows of cuboidal-columnar islet cells. The newly-formed islets expressed insulin +antigen immunohistochemically. The lesion was diagnosed as nesidioblastosis, an +uncommon abnormality previously associated with the double muscling trait in +cattle. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.04.002 +PMID: 22633645 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +712. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2012 May;36(3):171-8. doi: 10.3109/01913123.2011.647262. + +Melatonin and CAPE are able to prevent the liver from oxidative damage in rats: +an ultrastructural and biochemical study. + +Esrefoglu M(1), Iraz M, Ates B, Gul M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif +University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +The liver continuously produces free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) +as part of metabolic process. These free radicals are neutralized by an elaborate +antioxidant defense system consisting of enzymes and numerous nonenzymatic +antioxidants like flavonoids. In this study, we have evaluated effects of +melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) to young and aged rat liver. +Aging-related hepatic changes examined by light and electron microscopy and +biochemical methods. Melatonin and CAPE decreased tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) +levels in aged rats. Melatonin elevated tissue glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) +activity and tGSH level, whereas CAPE elevated tissue catalase activity in aged +rats. This study demonstrates that both melatonin and CAPE are beneficial in +delaying age-related hepatocellular changes. Melatonin and CAPE supplementation +in older ages may support liver to protect itself from various damaging agents +including infectious agents and toxins. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2011.647262 +PMID: 22559044 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +713. J Oral Pathol Med. 2012 Oct;41(9):689-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01160.x. +Epub 2012 May 3. + +The roles of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -7, -10 and tissue inhibitor of +metalloproteinase-1 in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. + +Rubaci AH(1), Kazancioglu HO, Olgac V, Ak G. + +Author information: +(1)Ministry of Health, Private Provincial Administration of Istanbul, Oral and +Dental Diseases Hospital, Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of Matrix +Metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, Metalloproteinases-7, Metalloproteinases-10 and +Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of oral +lichen planus (OLP) disease in same tissue samples. +METHODS: Thirty-nine individuals [29 patients with OLP (74%) and 10 healthy +control subjects (25%)] were included in our study. The mean age was 48 ± 14.39 +with a range of 20-75. +RESULTS: MMP-2 and MMP-7 expression was significantly different in the patient +and control groups in the epithelium and the connective tissue (P<0. 05). The +ratio of MMP-2/TIMP-1 and MMP-7/TIMP-1 were higher in patient with OLP group than +control group. +CONCLUSIONS: Along with the exposure of the role of MMPs activity on diseases +characterized by the tissue destruction, several studies were conducted on the +pharmacological control of MMPs activity. However, understanding of the +biological functions of MMPs is very important for the development and +implementation of MMP inhibitors in the treatment of diseases. According to the +results of this study, we suggest that MMP-2, MMP-7, and TIMP-1 may be involved +in the formation of OLP lesions. Further studies on MMPs may be useful for +understanding and treating the diseases such as OLP. + +© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01160.x +PMID: 22554030 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +714. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2012 Jun;33(2):179-80. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318252c650. + +Traumatic thrombosis of internal carotid artery sustained by transfer of kinetic +energy. + +Kalcioglu MT(1), Celbis O, Mizrak B, Firat Y, Selimoglu E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, +Malatya, Turkey. mtkalcioglu@hotmail.com + +A 31-year-old male patient with a fatal thrombosis of the internal carotid artery +caused by gun shot injury was presented in this case report. The patient was +referred to the hospital with a diffuse edema on his left cheek. On +otolaryngologic examination, there was a bullet entrance hole at the left +mandibular corpus. No exit hole could be found. The finding from his axial +computed tomography of neck and paranasal sinuses was normal. On neurological +examination, a dense right hemiparesis was observed. In his cerebral angiogram, +left common carotid artery was totally obliterated. Diffuse ischemia was observed +in the left cerebral hemisphere. Despite intensive interventions, the patient +died 4 days after the accident. In the autopsy, a large thrombosis was obtained +in the left common carotid artery. This case emphasizes a fatal kinetic energy +effect in vascular structures. It is stressed that a gun shot injury could be +fatal with its indirect kinetic energy effects at subacute phase. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318252c650 +PMID: 22543522 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +715. Pol J Pathol. 2012 Mar;63(1):58-64. + +Expression of cytokeratin 19, HBME-1 and galectin-3 in neoplastic and +nonneoplastic thyroid lesions. + +Mataraci EA(1), Ozgüven BY, Kabukçuoglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. + +In this study, 105 cases of thyroid lesions were evaluated to assess the role of +HBME-1, cytokeratin-19 (CK-19), galectin-3 in distinguishing benign from +malignant thyroid lesions. Thirty-seven papillary, 10 follicular, 6 medullary, 1 +mixed medullary follicular cell carcinoma, 3 poorly differentiated carcinoma, 18 +adenomatous nodular hyperplasia, 30 follicular adenoma cases were included in the +study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with HBME-1, CK-19, galectin-3 +on cross-sections derived from selected paraffin blocks. Benign and malignant +lesions were compared in terms of intensity, percentage and type of staining with +CK-19, HBME-1 and galectin-3, and a statistically significant difference (p < +0.05) was found. The percentage and intensity of staining was higher in malignant +lesions. Especially, strong and diffuse expressions of CK19, HBME-1 and +galectin-3 were observed in papillary carcinomas. Membranous (luminal) staining +was seen more frequently in malignant lesions; cytoplasmic staining in benign +lesions. It was concluded that these markers could assist in the diagnosis of +thyroid lesions with cellular properties suspicious for the diagnosis of +papillary carcinoma and without capsule and vessel invasion. They may be used +especially in cases where the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, +follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma are confused with each other and +follicular adenoma cannot be differentiated from follicular carcinoma. + + +PMID: 22535608 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +716. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2013 Feb;31(1):71-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.671446. +Epub 2012 Apr 16. + +Twin pregnancies with single fetal death: analysis of 38 cases. + +Deveer R(1), Engin-Ustun Y, Mert I, Sarikaya E, Bozkurt S, Deveer M, Danisman N, +Mollamahmutoglu L. + +Author information: +(1)Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. deveer3@hotmail.com + +The objective of this study is to evaluate fetal and maternal outcomes of twin +pregnancies with intrauterine single fetal death. In 13 cases, intrauterine death +of one fetus was found during the first trimester; in 25 cases, it was found +after the first trimester. Obstetric complications and fibrinogen levels were +compared. There were no significant differences in the number of preterm +delivery, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction and there were +significant differences in gestational age at delivery and birth weight between +groups. Coagulation disorders did not occur. The risk for adverse pregnancy +outcomes with a single fetal death during and after the first trimester is +similar. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.671446 +PMID: 22506931 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +717. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2012 Jan-Mar;55(1):52-5. doi: 10.4103/0377-4929.94856. + +Evaluation of cervical cytological abnormalities in Turkish population. + +Atilgan R(1), Celik A, Boztosun A, Ilter E, Yalta T, Ozercan R. + +Author information: +(1)Obstetrics and Gynecology Division, Maltepe University Medicine Faculty +Hospital Atatürk Cad. Maltepe Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is one of the most common female malignancy with +high mortality rates in developing countries. Our purpose was to determine the +prevalence of cervical cytologic abnormalities in population (strict Islamic +religious area) and the detection rate of epithelial abnormalities by cervical +cytology (CC). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32,026 conventional pap smear tests collected +between January 2006 and January 2010 from three hospitals are retrospectively +analyzed. +RESULTS: Total of 900 (2.8%) cases had epithelial abnormalities. The numbers and +rates of epithelial abnormalities were as the followings: Atypical squamous cell +of undetermined significance (ASCUS; n=615 [1.9%]); atypical squamous cell +suspicious for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H; n=27 [0.1%]); +atypical glandular cell of undetermined significance (AGUS; n=73 [0.2%]); low- +grade squamous intraepitelial lesion (LSIL; n=147 [0.5%]); high- grade squamous +intraepithelial lesion (HSIL; n=35 [0.1%]); and squamous cell carinoma (SCC; n=3 +[0.0%]). +CONCLUSION: The prevalence of cervical cytological abnormality in our study was +2.8%. Recently, some conflicting results from the same population were published. +More prospective studies with larger numbers are needed. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.94856 +PMID: 22499301 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +718. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Aug;31(4):236-9. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.650292. +Epub 2012 Apr 2. + +A novel aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene mutation in Canavan disease. + +Durmaz AA(1), Akin H, Onay H, Vahabi A, Ozkinay F. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Genetics, Bornova, +Izmir, Turkey. asude.alpman@ege.edu.tr + +Canavan disease is a severe autosomal recessive leukodystrophy characterized by +macrocephaly, ataxia, severe motor and mental retardation, dysmyelination, and +progressive spongial atrophy of the brain. The human aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene, +which catalyzes the deacetylation of N-acetyl-L-aspartate, is mutated in Canavan +disease. In the presented family sequencing analysis for the aspartoacylase gene +was performed on the blood samples of the parents as the affected child had died +due to Canavan disease. After the mutation was detected, prenatal diagnosis was +also performed and heterozygous Y88X mutation was detected in the fetus. In this +report, we present a novel mutation Y88X within the aspartoacylase gene in a +consanguineous family with an affected child diagnosed as Canavan disease. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.650292 +PMID: 22468686 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +719. Pathol Res Pract. 2012 May 15;208(5):281-5. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.02.002. Epub +2012 Mar 29. + +Anti-CD10 (56C6) expression in soft tissue sarcomas. + +Deniz K(1), Çoban G, Okten T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, 38039 +Kayseri, Turkey. drkdeniz@yahoo.com + +CD10 is known to be expressed in certain types of leukemia, in lymphomas and also +in various types of carcinoma. However, data regarding CD10 expression in soft +tissue sarcomas is scarce. Two hundred and two retrospective soft tissue sarcoma +specimens were evaluated for CD10 expression immunohistochemically. The clinical +records of these patients were reviewed, and clinical data was obtained for all +patients. Our results showed that 90 of the 202 cases were found to express CD10. +72% of malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 45% of fibrosarcomas, 34% of +rhabdomyosarcomas, 50% of leiomyosarcomas, 22% of liposarcomas, 72% of malignant +peripheral nerve sheath tumors, and 0% of the primitive neuroectodermal tumors +were positive for CD10. Nearly half of the soft tissue sarcomas were found to +express CD10. Stronger CD10 expression was found in high grade sarcomas. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.02.002 +PMID: 22464152 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +720. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Dec;31(6):432-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659408. +Epub 2012 Mar 23. + +Role of cyclooxygenase 2 and endothelial nitric oxide synthetase in preclinical +atherosclerosis. + +Karaoglu A(1), Tunc T, Aydemir G, Onguru O, Uysal B, Kul M, Aydinoz S, Oztas E, +Sarici U. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Turkey. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase enzymes may have a +role in developing preclinical atherosclerosis. Designed groups were as follows: +smoke exposed rats before and during pregnancy, only before pregnancy, and +controls. Cross-sectional samples of abdominal aorta were examined +immunohistochemically. Cyclooxygenase-2 and eNOS expression was evaluated +semi-quantitatively through staining extent (focal, diffuse) and staining +intensity. Diffuse COX-2 expression was detected in study groups. Endothelial NO +synthase expression was diffuse in study groups. COX-2 and eNOS may contribute to +the formation of preatherosclerotic lesions in offspring of rats exposed to +cigarette smoke through inflammatory response. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659408 +PMID: 22443285 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +721. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Aug;31(4):225-9. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.650286. +Epub 2012 Mar 20. + +Bladder exstrophy. + +Uludag S(1), Guralp O, Akbas M, Aydin Y, Sen C, Uludag S. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics +and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Bladder exstrophy is a very rare congenital malformation in which the anterior +wall of the bladder is absent, and the posterior wall is exposed externally. The +differential diagnosis includes omphalocele, gastroschisis, and cloacal +exstrophy. Ultrasound and Doppler examinations are the main diagnostic tools. +Although mortality is low, termination of pregnancy should be discussed due to +serious morbidities. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.650286 +PMID: 22432588 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +722. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Dec;31(6):374-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659402. +Epub 2012 Mar 20. + +Combined approach in a large placental chorioangioma case with intratumoral +alcohol injection, cordocentesis, IU transfusion, and amnioreduction. + +Ercan CM(1), Coksuer H, Karasahin KE, Alanbay I, Baser I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Large placental chorioangiomas (LPCs) are rare complications of pregnancy and +these tumors are associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications. We +presented a LPC case at 25th week of gestation, complicated by polyhydramnios and +preterm labor in which intratumoral alcohol injection was performed succesfully. +Cordocentesis, fetal intrauterine transfusion, and amnioreduction were performed +at the same session, as a combined approach. The safety of the procedure was +shown by the lack of alcohol in the fetal cord blood sample. Intratumoral alcohol +injection is a reliable and effective treatment modality in the management of +LPCs and may be combined with other invasive procedures. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659402 +PMID: 22432544 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +723. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Aug;31(4):248-53. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.656827. +Epub 2012 Mar 14. + +An infantile splenic hemangiopericytoma case treated with partial splenectomy. + +Uygun I(1), Okur H, Firat U, Otcu S, Ozturk H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty of Dicle University, +Diyarbakir, Turkey. + +Splenic hemangiopericytoma is a very rare tumor. So far only 10 patients (9 +adults, 1 child) have been reported in the literature and all of them were +treated with total splenectomy. Herein, we report the first infant case of the +splenic hemangiopericytoma in a 10-month-old girl and the first case that was +treated with partial splenectomy for splenic hemangiopericytoma. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.656827 +PMID: 22417056 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +724. Int J Surg Pathol. 2012 Aug;20(4):360-6. doi: 10.1177/1066896912437414. Epub 2012 +Mar 13. + +UbcH10 expression in benign, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial curetted +materials: a tissue microarray study. + +Kefeli M(1), Yildiz L, Celik H, Tosun M, Karagoz F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupelit, +Samsun, Turkey. mehmetkefeli@gmail.com + +Comment in + Int J Surg Pathol. 2013 Oct;21(5):538. + +The aim of this study was to investigate the role of UbcH10 expression in the +differential diagnosis of benign, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial tissues +and also the relationship of UbcH10 with the clinicopathologic parameters of +malignant cases. A tissue microarray was performed for 81 endometrial curettage +biopsies, which histological diagnosis had demonstrated to be 13 cases of +proliferative endometrium, 7 cases of disordered proliferative endometrium, 5 +cases of complex atypical hyperplasia, 24 cases of nonatypical hyperplasia, and +32 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Expression of UbcH10 was assessed by +immunohistochemistry. When groups were compared according to UbcH10 percentages +and scores, a statistically significant difference was found only between the +carcinoma group and the other groups, except the complex atypical hyperplasia +group (P < .05). In the malignant group, UbcH10 percentages and scores were only +significantly related to age. There was no significant association between UbcH10 +expression and tumor grade and stage. Overexpression of UbcH10 may be a useful +indicator of endometrial carcinoma. UbcH10 also deserves further evaluation in +the detection of prognostic mean and also for its role in endometrial +carcinogenesis. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896912437414 +PMID: 22415060 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +725. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Jun;31(3):164-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659388. +Epub 2012 Mar 13. + +Myofibroblastoma of breast in a male infant. + +Soyer T(1), Ayva S, Senyucel MF, Senyucel C, Aslan MK, Cakmak M. + +Author information: +(1)Kirikkale University, Medical faculty, Pediatric Surgery, Kirikkale, Turkey. +soyer.tutku@gmail.com + +Breast masses are very rare in infants and premature telarche due to excessive +endogen or exogenous estrogens is the most common presentation during infancy. +Myofibroblastoma is a stromal tumor of the breast, occurring especially in elder +males. This breast mass has a close relationship between androgen receptors and +has not been reported in infants previously. A 10-month old male baby with a left +breast mass, which is diagnosed as myofibroblastoma, is discussed to evaluate the +clinical features and treatment modalities of breast myofibroblastomas in +children. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659388 +PMID: 22414006 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +726. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Jun;31(3):154-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659378. +Epub 2012 Mar 13. + +Multiple fetal anomalies in association with topiramate and oxcarbezepine +treatment. + +Uludag S(1), Aydin Y, Yilmaz O, Aksoy F, Bakkaloglu D, Sen C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa +Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. + +We present a case of a woman who used topiramate (100 mg) and oxcarbazepine (300 +mg) continuously during pregnancy. Multiple fetal anomalies including limp +defects of the lower extremities, pericardiac fluid collection, cardiomegaly, +cleft lip and palate, absent right kidney, and dysplastic left kidney were found +by ultrasonography. Labor was induced and anomalies were confirmed by autopsy. +The malformation rate after exposure to oxcarbazepine in utero as a monotherapy +was calculated to be 2.4%, which is compatible with the malformation rate seen in +the general population. Topiramate is teratogenic in mice, rats, and rabbits, but +there are very few reports about its teratogenicity in humans. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.659378 +PMID: 22413958 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +727. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Jun;31(3):120-7. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2012.656829. +Epub 2012 Mar 13. + +Passive smoke exposure of female rats caused aortic atherosclerotic precursor +lesions in their offspring. + +Tunc T(1), Sarici U, Aydinoz S, Onguru O, Karaoglu A, Uysal B, Kul M, Sirin YS, +Oztas E, Yaman H. + +Author information: +(1)Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Turkey. + +The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and degree of preclinical +atherosclerosis in pups of pregnant rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Abdominal +aorta examined for atherosclerotic lesions and intimal medial thickness of the +abdominal aorta was measured by image analysis. The study groups showed +endothelial cellular losses, marked intimal injuries, elastic fiber damages, +mononuclear cellular infiltration, and irregularities in internal elastic +membrane, with pronounced damages as integrity losses and local fragmentations. +The results provide evidence for development of an atherosclerotic process in the +neonatal period, even in prenatal stage, long before the formation of +smoke-related cardiovascular diseases. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2012.656829 +PMID: 22413908 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +728. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Aug;31(4):210-6. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.650283. +Epub 2012 Mar 13. + +Multiple intraoral teratoma in a newborn infant: epignathus. + +Ozturk A(1), Gunay GK, Akin MA, Arslan F, Tekelioglu F, Coban D. + +Author information: +(1)Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of +Neonatology, Kayseri, Turkey. + +Teratomas originating from the oral cavity are named as epignathus. It is a rare +type of teratoma. An 11-day old male newborn was diagnosed with cleft palate and +intraoral masses. The mass on the right side was protruding from the mouth. +Another one on the left side was extending from the nasopharynx to the +oropharynx. The diagnosis of mature teratoma was made based on the +histopathological study of surgically excised masses. We desired to report on +this case since multiple localized epignatus in a newborn with cleft palate has +not been described yet in the literature. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.650283 +PMID: 22413780 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +729. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2013 Jun;17(3):288-90. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.01.008. +Epub 2012 Mar 8. + +Malignant epignathus including a nephroblastoma component and successful +management. + +Ince EZ(1), Cekmez F, Yıldırım Ş, Demirel A, Bilgic B, Kılıcaslan I, Coban A. + +Author information: +(1)Neonatology Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. + +A male infant was born to a 24-year-old mother (gravida 1 para 1) by cesarean +delivery at 33 1/7 weeks of gestation. The physical examination revealed a large +mass protruding from the baby's mouth, which appeared to be attached to the +palate. Tracheostomy was performed immediately in the delivery room. A partial +surgical excision was performed on the second postnatal day, removing most of the +teratoma (epignathus), which was attached to the back of the pharynx and +protruding from the baby's mouth measuring 13×11×9 cm and weighing 545 g. The +final pathological diagnosis was "malignant epignathus with nephroblastoma +component." According to our knowledge, this is the first case that have +malignant epignathus including nephroblastoma component in the literature. + +Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2012.01.008 +PMID: 22405521 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +730. J Oral Pathol Med. 2012 Jul;41(6):484-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01130.x. +Epub 2012 Mar 9. + +Evaluation of cytotoxic T-cell activation, chemokine receptors, and adhesion +molecules in blood and serum in patients with oral lichen planus. + +Pekiner FN(1), Demirel GY, Borahan MO, Ozbayrak S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. fpekiner@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Our purpose is to study cytotoxic T-cell activation (through +evaluation of CD8+CD40+ and CD8+CD154+ cells), chemokine receptors (through +evaluation of CD8+CD184+ and CD8+CD195+ cells), and adhesion molecules (through +evaluation of CD8+CD152+ cells) which play a part in cell activation in blood and +serum samples of patients with OLP and then to compare them with healthy +controls. +METHODS: Thirty patients with OLP, and 30 matched healthy controls participated. +The mean ages of OLP patients and controls were 51,10 ± 12,25 and 48,09 ± 11,92, +respectively. Percentage of apoptotic cells, granzyme-B+, CD8+, CD8+CD40+, +CD8+CD152+ (CTLA-4), CD8+CD154+(CD40L), CD8+CD184+(CXCR-4) and CD8+CD195+(CCR-5) +were detected by immunophenotyping on flow cytometry. Apoptosis measurements were +accomplished with Annexin V/Propidium Iodide kit. +RESULTS: A higher percentage of CD8+CD154+ and granzyme-B+ and a lower percentage +of CD8+, CD8+CD184+ and apoptotic cells were found in OLP patients than in +controls. No statistical differences were observed in the percentages of the +other markers between groups. +CONCLUSIONS: It is observed that because of increase in granzyme B+ and CD154 +which is the activation marker, CD8+ cells present efforts to sustain their +activity even though decrease in their cell number. Lower levels of CD8+CD184+ +cells in OLP than control is evaluated as a factor that makes OLP to be localised +in our study. In addition, our findings lead us to think that there may be some +changes in apoptosis pathways of the cells. But this needs to be clarified by +further studies exploring the mechanisms of the apoptosis in OLP patients. + +© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01130.x +PMID: 22404248 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +731. Pathol Oncol Res. 2012 Oct;18(4):817-22. Epub 2012 Mar 7. + +Whey protein versus whey protein hydrolyzate for the protection of azoxymethane +and dextran sodium sulfate induced colonic tumors in rats. + +Attaallah W(1), Yilmaz AM, Erdoğan N, Yalçin AS, Aktan AO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Marmara University, +İstanbul, Turkey. drwafi2003@yahoo.com + +Recent studies have shown that whey protein has many useful effects including its +anti-cancer effect. In this study we have compared the protective effect of +dietary whey protein with whey protein hydrolyzate against azoxymethane and +dextran sodium sulfate induced colon cancer in rats. We used a rat model of the +colon cancer induced by administration of azoxymethane followed by repeated +dextran sodium sulfate ingestion which causes multiple tumor development. Colon +tissues were analyzed histologically in addition to biochemical analyses +performed by measuring lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and glutathione +levels in both of colon and liver tissues of rats after sacrification. +Macroscopic and microscopic tumors were identified in all groups that received +azoxymethane followed by repeated dextran sodium sulfate. Group fed with whey +protein hydrolyzate showed significantly less macroscopic and microscopic tumor +development compared with group fed with whey protein. The protocol applied to +generate an appropriate model of colon cancer was successful. Whey protein +hydrolyzate was found to be more effective in preventing colon tumor development +compared with whey protein. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-012-9509-9 +PMID: 22391964 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +732. Mod Pathol. 2012 Jul;25(7):949-55. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.37. Epub 2012 Mar +2. + +Stem cell-related markers in primary breast cancers and associated metastatic +lesions. + +Guler G(1), Balci S, Costinean S, Ussakli CH, Irkkan C, Suren D, Sari E, Altundag +K, Ozisik Y, Jones S, Bacher J, Shapiro CL, Huebner K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara Ataturk Research +and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +It has been reported previously that: (1) normal-breast epithelial cells that are +CD24-/44+ express higher levels of stem/progenitor cell-associated genes; (2) +cancer cells that have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition display +CD24-/44+ cell-surface expression, a marker for breast cancer stem cells; (3) +loss of E-cadherin is a preliminary step in epithelial to mesenchymal transition; +and (4) vimentin is a marker of mesenchymal phenotype. We hypothesized that stem +cell subpopulations would be more frequent in metastatic than in primary tumors. +Therefore we assessed by immunohistochemical analysis, tissue microarrays +containing tissue from primary and associated metastatic breast cancers for +expression of CD24, CD44, E-cadherin and vimentin to evaluate candidate +cancer-initiating cell populations in breast cancer subtypes and metastatic +lesions. The occurrence of CD24-/44+ and CD24+/44- cells did not differ in +primary vs matched lymph node or distant and locoregional metastatic lesions; +E-cadherin expression was decreased in primary vs lymph node metastases (P=0.018) +but not decreased in distant and locoregional metastases relative to primary +tumor, whereas vimentin, was more frequently expressed in lymph node and distant +and locoregional metastases (P=0.013, P=0.004) than in matched primary cancers. +Thus, the frequency of CD24-/44+ cells does not differ in metastases relative to +the primary breast cancer but differs by tumor stage and subtype. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.37 +PMCID: PMC3400504 +PMID: 22388757 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +733. Pathol Res Pract. 2012 Apr 15;208(4):254-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.01.006. Epub +2012 Feb 29. + +Pathologist's puzzle: Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like features in +cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. + +Kiremitci S(1), Calayoglu R, Ensari A, Erbay B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Ankara, 06100 +Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. sabakiremitci@yahoo.com + +Mixed cryoglobulinemia is commonly related to chronic HCV infection, and renal +complications occur frequently. Typical renal involvement presents with diffuse +proliferative glomerular pathology, similar to membranoproliferative +glomerulonephritis, with necrotizing arteritis of medium-sized vessels, referred +to as cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. However, the histological appearance +may vary according to the clinical presentation and treatment applied. Not only +membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis but also certain types of systemic +vasculitis (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Polyarteritis Nodosa), thrombotic +microangiopathy, and Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia may exhibit similar +histopathological findings in the biopsy with cryoglobulinemic +glomerulonephritis. For an optimal differential diagnosis, clinicopathological +correlation and serological findings should accompany the pathological findings. +We present a case of cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis, and discuss the +differential diagnosis in detail. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.01.006 +PMID: 22381806 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +734. Dis Markers. 2012;32(3):165-72. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0876. + +Increased salivary levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine may be a marker for disease +activity for periodontitis. + +Sezer U(1), Ciçek Y, Canakçi CF. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Periodontology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. +ufuxezer@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is commonly used as a marker to +evaluate oxidative DNA damage in disorders including chronic inflammatory +diseases such as inflammatory periodontal pathologies. In the current study we +hypothesized that the level of 8-OHdG in saliva increases by the periodontal +destruction severity determined by clinical parameters as clinical attachment +level (CAL). +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sum of 60 age +gender balanced; chronic periodontitis (CP) (n=20), chronic gingivitis (CG) +(n=20) and healthy (H) (n=20) individuals. Clinical periodontal parameters and +salivary 8-OHdG levels were evaluated. +RESULTS: The mean 8-OHdG level in the saliva of the CP group was significantly +higher than H and CG groups (p< 0.001). Statistically significant correlation was +only observed between the salivary levels of 8-OHdG and age (p< 0.05), probing +depth (PD) and CAL (p< 0.001) in CP group. However, when CP patients were +classified according to their CAL levels (CAL⩾ 3 mm (n=11) and CAL<3 mm (n=9)) +statistically significant correlation was only observed between the salivary +levels of 8-OHdG and CAL ⩾ 3 mm patients (p< 0.001). +CONCLUSION: We suggest that elevated salivary levels of 8-OHdG may be a marker +for disease activity and it may reflect indirectly disease severity parameters +such as CAL. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0876 +PMCID: PMC3826812 +PMID: 22377732 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +735. Histol Histopathol. 2012 Apr;27(4):417-36. doi: 10.14670/HH-27.417. + +Toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a review of melatonin and +diclofenac sodium association. + +Aygün D(1), Kaplan S, Odaci E, Onger ME, Altunkaynak ME. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, +Turkey. + +Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the purpose of +anti-inflammation, antipyretic, and analgesia. For this aim, they are used for +the alleviation of pain, fever, and inflammation associated with rheumatoid +arthritis, sports injuries, and temporary pain. However, treatment with NSAIDs +may be accompanied by adverse effects such as gastrointestinal damage and +platelet dysfunction. As with the other NSAIDs, diclofenac sodium +(sodium-(o-((2,6-dichlorophenyl)-amino)-phenyl)-acetate) (DS), an NSAID, has +potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. However, treatment +with DS may cause some adverse cerebral and cerebellar effects such as +convulsions, disorientation, hallucination, and loss of consciousness. Melatonin +(MLT) is a free-radical scavenger and possesses antioxidant properties. It has +been reported to easily cross the blood-brain barrier, and is found in high +concentrations in the brain after exogenous administration. It is also a +neuroprotector in a wide range of conditions affecting the central nervous system +CNS due to its free-radical scavenging activities and lipophilic-hydrophilic +properties. Neuroprotective actions of MLT have been discovered in both in vitro +and in vivo, and are a powerful scavenger of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals. +Thus, MLT can protect the cell membrane, organelles, and core against +free-radical damage. Therefore, it has been postulated that exogenous MLT acts as +a neuroprotector contrary to DS neurotoxicity. In this review, we aimed to +discuss the possible neuroprotective effects of MLT on DS toxicity. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-27.417 +PMID: 22374720 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +736. Pathol Res Pract. 2012 Mar 15;208(3):147-50. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.12.014. Epub +2012 Feb 21. + +Clinicopathologic features of the mixed epithelial and mesenchymal type +metaplastic breast carcinoma with myoepithelial differentiation in a subset of +six cases. + +Yigit S(1), Pehlivan FS, Evcim G, Etit D. + +Author information: +(1)Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Metaplastic carcinoma (MC) of the breast, consisting of epithelial and mixed +epithelial-mesenchymal tumors, are extremely rare human neoplasms. They are +mostly detected between the 5th and 7th decade and have an unfavorable prognosis. +Therefore, it is of utmost important to find out the behavior and also the +immunohistochemical (IHC) profile of these tumors. In the current study, the aim +was to examine 6 cases of MC with detailed clinico-pathological variables of +cancer, follow-up and IHC profile of several antigens. The following +immunohistochemical markers were used: MNF116, vimentin, CD10, smooth muscle +actin (SMA), estrogen/progesterone receptors and HER-2/neu. The mean age was 39.1 +the mean size was 3.3 cm. 83% of the cases had spindle cell sarcoma-like areas. +Two of six cases also had a chondrosarcoma-like component. The epithelial +component was invasive ductal carcinoma in all. MNF116, vimentin, CD10, and SMA +expressions were as follows: mesenchymal cells: 33%, 100%, 50%, 83%, epithelial +cells: 100%, 50%, 33%, 0%. All were triple negative. 66.6% presented with the +axillary lymph node metastases. The mean follow-up period was 51 months, 50% died +of the disease. Two had distant metastases to the lung. Our series which only +included mixed epithelial-mesenchymal type metaplastic carcinoma of the breast +showed myoepithelial differentiation with a worse prognosis. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.12.014 +PMID: 22361036 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +737. APMIS. 2012 Mar;120(3):187-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02835.x. Epub 2011 +Dec 8. + +Nucleophosmin expression in renal cell carcinoma and oncocytoma. + +Sari A(1), Calli A, Altinboga AA, Pehlivan FS, Gorgel SN, Balci U, Ermete M, +Dincel C, Cakalagaoglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Turkey. +aysegulakder@gmail.com + +The objective of this study was to investigate nucleophosmin/B23 (NPM) expression +in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and renal oncocytomas. The expression of NPM was +studied by immunohistochemical methods on 59 RCCs, 9 oncocytomas, and 19 +tumour-negative renal tissues. The expression was assessed relative to various +clinicopathological variables and histological subtypes, to determine its +potential role as a prognostic and diagnostic marker. All tumours showed nuclear +staining, and a minority also exhibited cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Two +patterns of nuclear staining were observed: nuclear staining with a prominent +nucleolus (nucleolar staining) and nuclear staining without a prominent +nucleolus. There were significant differences, in both nuclear staining and +cytoplasmic NPM expression, between oncocytomas and chromophobe RCCs (p < 0.001) +and clear cell RCCs (p < 0.001). Cytoplasmic NPM expression was markedly lower in +RCCs than in oncocytomas. A statistically significant correlation was discovered +between nucleolar staining and nuclear grade (p < 0.001, r = 0.5). No +relationship was found between cytoplasmic expression of NPM and any of the +clinicopathological parameters or survival. NPM might be a useful +immunohistochemical marker for differential diagnosis between oncocytoma and +chromophobe RCC. In addition, increased nucleolar NPM expression in RCCs appears +to be associated with tumour progression. + +© 2011 The Authors. APMIS © 2011 APMIS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02835.x +PMID: 22339675 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +738. Pathol Res Pract. 2012 Mar 15;208(3):133-9. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.12.015. Epub +2012 Feb 14. + +Investigation of immunohistochemical ERα, ERβ and ERβcx expressions in normal and +neoplastic breast tissues. + +Bozkurt KK(1), Kapucuoğlu N. + +Author information: +(1)Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. kemalkbozkurt@hotmail.com + +Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a well-established prognostic marker in breast +cancer. The role of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in breast cancers is still under +investigation. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance and +immunohistochemical expression patterns of ERα, total ERβ (ERβ) and its spliced +variant ERβcx in normal breast, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive +ductal carcinoma (IDC). Our study population comprised 10 normal breasts, 26 +DCISs and 44 IDCs. Immunohistochemical expression of these markers was +investigated in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks by 2 +observers. In invasive ductal carcinomas, ERβ expression had a significant +positive correlation with ERα expression (p=0.013), while ERβcx expression was +significantly associated with the presence of lymphovascular invasion (p=0.046). +There was a significant relationship between ERα expression and low histological +grade (p<0.0001). Similarly, ERα+/ERβ+ tumors (p=0.004) and ERα+/ERβcx+ tumors +(p=0.008) were significantly associated with low histological grade, too. ERα +expression (p=0.009), ERβcx expression (p=0.048) and ERα+/ERβ+ coexpression +(p=0.002) increased significantly in progression from normal breast to invasive +ductal carcinoma. Expression of ERα correlates with less aggressive phenotypic +features, and ERβ expression is positively correlated with ERα expression in +breast cancer. ERβcx is associated with aggressive features and can take part in +the progression of invasive carcinoma. Increase in ERα+/ERβ+ coexpression, ERα +expression and ERβcx expression in breast cancer progression indicates an +enhancement in ER expressions or an alteration in expression patterns of +different ER variants during mammary carcinogenesis. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.12.015 +PMID: 22336175 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +739. Sci Justice. 2012 Mar;52(1):58-61. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2011.05.002. Epub 2011 +Jun 22. + +Determination of the effects of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 1B and ADH1C +polymorphisms on alcohol dependence in Turkey. + +Aktas EO(1), Kocak A, Senol E, Celik HA, Coskunol H, Berdeli A, Aydin HH. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University School of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. ekin.aktas@ege.edu.tr + +Alcoholism is a complex genetically influenced disorder which refers to alcohol +abuse and alcohol dependence. There are controversial results on the role of gene +polymorphisms in alcohol dependence in the literature. Differences in population +groups and selective inclusion criteria for alcohol dependence may affect +results. In this study, we investigated the role of ADH1B Arg48His (rs1229984) +and, ADH1C Ile350Val (rs698) gene polymorphisms in Turkish population. 100 +healthy volunteers and 75 patients who were admitted to Ege University Alcohol +Dependence Unit enrolled in the study. We found significant increase both in +ADH1B (Arg48His) polymorphism Arg allele and Arg/Arg genotype frequency in +patients. No profound connection between alcohol dependence and ADH1C Ile350Val +gene polymorphism was detected. Alcohol dependence is an important health problem +that depends on many genetic and environmental factors but we think that it is +possible to interpret genetic risk for developing early diagnostic methods and +treatment strategies by comprehensive linkage and association studies. + +Copyright © 2011 Forensic Science Society. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All +rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2011.05.002 +PMID: 22325912 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +740. Mod Pathol. 2012 Jun;25(6):877-84. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.220. Epub 2012 Feb +3. + +Reproducibility of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosis is good, but +influenced by the diagnostic style of pathologists. + +Usubutun A(1), Mutter GL, Saglam A, Dolgun A, Ozkan EA, Ince T, Akyol A, Bulbul +HD, Calay Z, Eren F, Gumurdulu D, Haberal AN, Ilvan S, Karaveli S, Koyuncuoglu M, +Muezzinoglu B, Muftuoglu KH, Ozdemir N, Ozen O, Baykara S, Pestereli E, Ulukus +EC, Zekioglu O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +ausubutu@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) applies specific diagnostic criteria +to designate a monoclonal endometrial preinvasive glandular proliferation known +from previous studies to confer a 45-fold increased risk for endometrial cancer. +In this international study we estimate accuracy and precision of EIN diagnosis +among 20 reviewing pathologists in different practice environments, and with +differing levels of experience and training. Sixty-two endometrial biopsies +diagnosed as benign, EIN, or adenocarcinoma by consensus of two expert +subspecialty pathologists were used as a reference comparison to assess +diagnostic accuracy of 20 reviewing pathologists. Interobserver reproducibility +among the 20 reviewers provided a measure of diagnostic precision. Before +evaluating cases, observers were self-trained by reviewing published textbook +and/or online EIN diagnostic guidelines. Demographics of the reviewing +pathologists, and their impressions regarding implementation of EIN terminology +were recorded. Seventy-nine percent of the 20 reviewing pathologists' diagnoses +were exactly concordant with the expert consensus (accuracy). The interobserver +weighted κ values of 3-class EIN scheme (benign, EIN, carcinoma) diagnoses +between expert consensus and each of reviewing pathologists averaged 0.72 +(reproducibility, or precision). Reviewing pathologists demonstrated one of three +diagnostic styles, which varied in the repertoire of diagnoses commonly used, and +their nonrandom response to potentially confounding diagnostic features such as +endometrial polyp, altered differentiation, background hormonal effects, and +technically poor preparations. EIN diagnostic strategies can be learned and +implemented from standard teaching materials with a high degree of +reproducibility, but is impacted by the personal diagnostic style of each +pathologist in responding to potential diagnostic confounders. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.220 +PMID: 22301705 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +741. Pathol Res Pract. 2012 Feb 15;208(2):89-93. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.12.002. Epub +2012 Jan 25. + +Evaluation of apoptosis along with BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression in patients with +intestinal metaplasia. + +Erkan G(1), Gonul II, Kandilci U, Dursun A. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. gcanbaloglu@gmail.com + +The primary aim is to compare individuals with intestinal metaplasia (IM), +chronic active gastritis (CAG), and normal gastric mucosa (NGM) in terms of +apoptosis, proliferation, and Bcl-2 expression. The secondary aim is to determine +whether these parameters are different between patients with and without gastric +cancer in first-degree relatives. We enrolled 106 patients whose +histopathological results were consistent with IM (n: 42), CAG (n: 51), or NGM +(n: 13). Antral biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for Bcl-2 and Ki-67 +expression. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL assay. While no significant +difference was determined between three groups with regard to apoptosis and Bcl-2 +expression (p>0.05), Ki-67 expression was significantly higher in the IM group +when compared with the CAG and NGM groups (29.90±22.87 vs. 18.18±16.22 vs. +18.54±20, respectively; p=0.012). Helicobacter pylori was determined to increase +apoptosis (49.3% vs. 25.7%, p<0.05), nevertheless, it had no significant effect +on proliferation and Bcl-2 expression. Bcl-2 and Ki-67 expression and apoptosis +were not different among patients with and without a history of gastric cancer in +first degree relatives. Although intestinal metaplasia cases demonstrate an +increase in proliferation, no elevation is observed in apoptosis. This can be an +important factor in the progression to gastric cancer. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.12.002 +PMID: 22277792 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +742. Diagn Pathol. 2012 Jan 23;7:9. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-9. + +The value of CDX2 and cytokeratins 7 and 20 expression in differentiating +colorectal adenocarcinomas from extraintestinal gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas: +cytokeratin 7-/20+ phenotype is more specific than CDX2 antibody. + +Bayrak R(1), Haltas H, Yenidunya S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Fatih University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Metastatic adenocarcinoma from an unknown primary site is a +common clinical problem. Determining the cytokeratin (CK) 7/CK20 pattern of +tumors is one of the most helpful procedures for this purpose since the +CK7-/CK20+ pattern is typical of colorectal adenocarcinomas. CDX2, a critical +nuclear transcription factor for intestinal development, is expressed in +intestinal epithelium and adenocarcinomas. In the present study, we compared the +sensitivity and specificity of CDX2 expression and the CK7-/CK20+ phenotype in +differentiating colorectal adenocarcinomas from pancreatic and gastric +adenocarcinomas. +METHODS: CK7/CK20 staining pattern and CDX2 expression were evaluated in 118 +cases of colorectal, 59 cases of gastric, and 32 cases of pancreatic +adenocarcinomas. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative +predictive values of the CK7-/CK20+ phenotype and of CDX2 expression were +analyzed. +RESULTS: The CK7-/CK20+ immunophenotype was expressed by 75 of 118 (64%) +colorectal and 3 of 59 (5%) gastric tumors and was not observed in any pancreatic +adenocarcinomas. The CK7+/CK20+ immunophenotype was expressed in 24/118 (20%) of +colon, 28/59 (48%) of gastric and 7/32 (22%) of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The +CK7+/CK20- expression pattern was observed in only 2% (2 of 118) of colorectal +carcinomas. CDX2 was expressed in 114 of 118 (97%) colorectal, 36 of 59 (61%) +gastric, and 5 of 32(16%) pancreatic adenocarcinomas. There was no significant +association between CDX2 expression and tumor differentiation in colorectal +carcinomas. In gastric carcinomas, CDX2 expression was more common in intestinal +type tumors than in diffuse type carcinomas. The CK7-/CK20+ phenotype showed a +specificity of 96.7% in predicting colorectal adenocarcinomas, which was superior +to that of CDX2 expression. CDX2 expression at both cut-off levels (> 5% and > +50%) had a higher sensitivity (96.6% and 78%) than the CK phenotype. +CONCLUSIONS: Both the CK7-/CK20+ phenotype and expression of the antibody CDX2 +are highly specific and sensitive markers of colorectal origin. CDX2 expression +should be a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of intestinal adenocarcinomas, +particularly when better established markers such as CK7 and CK20 yield equivocal +results. The CK7-/CK20+ phenotype is superior in its specificity and positive +predictive value and might be preferred. +VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found +here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/4851011866354821. + +© 2012 Bayrak et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-9 +PMCID: PMC3331835 +PMID: 22268990 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +743. Acta Cytol. 2012;56(1):97-103. doi: 10.1159/000331769. Epub 2012 Jan 4. + +Fine-needle aspiration cytology of metastatic oligodendroglioma: case report and +literature review. + +Can B(1), Akpolat I, Meydan D, Üner A, Kandemir B, Söylemezoğlu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, +Samsun, Turkey. canbilge@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Systemic metastasis of a glial tumor is a rare event. However, +metastatic cases are anticipated to increase due to prolongation of survival as a +result of the development of new treatment modalities. The possibility of +metastasis should be considered in patients with a history of a glial tumor +rather than a second primary tumor. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is one of the +diagnostic procedures primarily applied for confirmation of metastasis in cases +with a known primary focus. Therefore, comprehensive knowledge of diagnostic +cytomorphologic findings is required in these cases. +CASE REPORT: We report a young woman with oligodendroglioma metastasizing to the +cervical lymphatic chain 5 years after initial diagnosis. Fine-needle aspiration +cytology revealed a highly cellular smear with dispersed single cells and loosely +cohesive cell clusters showing rosette-like features on a clean background. The +relatively monotonous tumor cells were small sized and had round nuclei with +moderate anisonucleosis and scant cytoplasm without extensions. Diagnostic +confirmation was made by excisional biopsy and demonstration of 1p19q codeletion +on tissue section by fluorescence in situ hybridization. +CONCLUSION: A brief review of the literature with an emphasis on the cytologic +features of metastatic oligodendroglioma and differential diagnosis with respect +to other metastatic small round cell tumors is provided. + +Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000331769 +PMID: 22236753 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +744. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Oct-Dec;54(4):814-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.91530. + +Diffuse infiltration of Aspergillus hyphae in the thyroid gland with multinodular +goiter. + +Erdem H(1), Uzunlar AK, Yildirim U, Yildirim M, Geyik MF. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey. +drhavvaerdem@hotmail.com + +A 35-year-old woman presented with a thyroid mass, weakness and shortness of +breath of 3 years duration. On physical examination, she had a diffusely enlarged +thyroid gland with multiple nodules. There were no signs to suggest immune +suppression. The patient farmed and raised livestock. Biochemical tests and +hemogram were normal. She underwent surgery, and a histological examination of +the surgical specimen revealed nodular hyperplasia. Microscopically, silver +methenamine (PASM) stain-positive hyphae that divided into branches at 45° and +conidia were detected beside the thyroid capsule, with conidia in the cystic +nodule. Moreover, ischemic changes of the thyroid tissue were observed closer to +the capsule. We report a case of Aspergillosis of the thyroid of a patient who +underwent surgery for a multinodular goiter. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.91530 +PMID: 22234119 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +745. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Oct-Dec;54(4):800-2. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.91513. + +The synchronous primary carcinomas of the rectum and prostate. + +Ayhan S(1), Ozdamar A, Nese N, Aydede H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, +Turkey. seminayhan@gmail.com + +The diagnosis of synchronous prostatic and rectal carcinomas is uncommon. To make +a correct diagnosis, biopsies of both sites are mandatory. Pathological slides +should be compared and immunohistochemical staining should be taken into +consideration. In this paper, an unexpected case of synchronous rectal and +prostatic carcinomas arising in an 84-year-old male with hematemesis and pelvic +pain is reported. These two tumoral components have a distinctive histological +appearance. Immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of these +synchronous tumors. This case emphasizes that rectal and prostatic carcinomas can +arise simultaneously. In this situation, providing clinicopathological +correlation and deciding the necessity of intraoperative consultation in proper +time are extremely important. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.91513 +PMID: 22234115 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +746. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Oct-Dec;54(4):736-40. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.91510. + +Increased liver mast cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C. + +Koruk ST(1), Ozardali I, Dincoglu D, Bitiren M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Harran +University, Medical Faculty, Sanliurfa, Turkey. suda_tekinkoruk@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND AND AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the mast cell (MC) +concentration in the liver tissue of patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C +and to determine whether there was a correlation with clinical and pathological +characteristics of patients. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on liver biopsy samples from 60 +patients with chronic hepatitis C. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained +from follow-up records. Stained liver biopsies were examined. Immunohistochemical +staining was performed by using an anti-c-kit antibody. Patients were divided +into four groups (minimal, mild, moderate, and severe) based on the intensity of +inflammation and their hepatic activity index scores and into two groups +(no-mild, moderate-severe) according to fibrosis grade. +RESULTS: Among patients enrolled, 60.0% (n=36) were men with a mean age of 48.3 ± +12.7 (range 18-64) years. The mean number of mast cells per portal area in the +liver was 0.87 ± 0.86 (0-4.0). No correlation was found between alanine +aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) +levels and the degree of inflammation of cases with number of mast cells and +liver steatosis (P>0.05). As the degree of fibrosis increased in the liver so did +the number of mast cells in portal areas (P=0.001). On the other hand, no +correlation was found between the degree of fibrosis and the number of MCs in the +sinusoids and steatosis (P<0.05). The increase in the number of MCs in the portal +areas correlated with an increase in liver steatosis (t: 0.02, P=0.04). +CONCLUSION: In light of these findings, it appears possible that MC accumulation +in chronic HCV patients may be used as an indicator of fibrosis and possibly be +considered in the follow-up of these patients. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.91510 +PMID: 22234100 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +747. Dis Markers. 2011;31(6):343-52. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0849. + +Gingival crevicular fluid calprotectin, osteocalcin and cross-linked N-terminal +telopeptid levels in health and different periodontal diseases. + +Becerik S(1), Afacan B, Oztürk VÖ, Atmaca H, Emingil G. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Izmir, +Turkey. + +AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid +(GCF) calprotectin, osteocalcin and cross-linked N-terminal telopeptide (NTx) +levels in health along with different periodontal diseases. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 generalized +aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 gingivitis and 20 healthy subjects were +included. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index and papillary +bleeding index was recorded. GCF calprotectin, osteocalcin and NTx levels were +analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). +RESULTS: CP, G-AgP and gingivitis groups had higher GCF calprotectin total amount +compared to healthy subjects (p< 0.008). CP and G-AgP groups had similar, but +higher levels compared to gingivitis groups (p< 0.008). CP and G-AgP groups had +lower GCF osteocalcin total amount compared to gingivitis and healthy groups (p< +0.008). CP group had higher GCF NTx but lower osteocalcin total amount and +osteocalcin/NTx ratio than the G-AgP group (p< 0.008). +CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that elevated GCF calprotectin levels play a +role as a reliable inflammatory marker in the pathogenesis of periodontal +disease. Fluctuating GCF levels of osteocalcin and NTx might point out to the +abnormal bone turnover in periodontitis. Our data document for the first time the +role of NTx in the pathogenesis of different periodontal diseases. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0849 +PMCID: PMC3826893 +PMID: 22182807 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +748. Diagn Cytopathol. 2012 Jan;40(1):48-55. doi: 10.1002/dc.21584. Epub 2010 Dec 3. + +Basal cell adenoma with extensive squamous metaplasia and cellular atypia: a case +report with cytohistopathological correlation and review of the literature. + +Paker I(1), Yilmazer D, Arikok AT, Saylam G, Hucumenoglu S. + +Author information: +(1)2nd Department of Pathology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. iremonur@yahoo.com + +Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare benign basaloid neoplasm of the salivary +gland. There are four histopathological types of BCA: solid, tubular, trabecular, +and membranous. It is known that focal squamous metaplasia may be seen in some +BCAs, but it is rare to see extensive squamous metaplasia, especially with +cellular atypia. Here, a 25-year-old male with right parotid swelling is +presented. Ultrasonography revealed a 2-cm well defined mass in his parotid +gland. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA), performed prior to surgical excision, showed +a highly cellular tumor composed of basaloid cells, forming small duct-like or +tubular structures containing basement membrane-like material, as well as +squamous cells with hyperchromatic, enlarged, pleomorphic, and bizzare nuclei. We +made a cytopathological diagnosis of "basaloid neoplasm" and also reported that +the differential diagnosis included BCA, cellular pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell +adenocarcinoma, and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. The patient underwent total +parotidectomy. Both frozen and permanent sections showed a BCA with membranous, +tubulotrabecular pattern, and extensive squamous metaplasia. Some of the squamous +cells showed significant nuclear hyperchromasia, enlargement, and pleomorphism. +As far as we know, this is the first case of BCA with extensive squamous +metaplasia and prominent cellular atypia. This case has been presented to show +that squamous metaplastic cells with hyperchromatic, enlarged, bizarre, and +pleomorphic nuclei can be seen on FNA smears of a benign tumor like BCA. Also, +the differential diagnosis of BCA of the salivary gland is discussed here. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21584 +PMID: 22180238 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +749. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2012 Mar-Apr;15(2):107-13. doi: 10.2350/11-04-1017-OA.1. Epub +2011 Dec 8. + +Hepatoportal sclerosis in childhood: some presenting with cholestatic features (a +re-evaluation of 12 children). + +Yilmaz G(1), Sari S, Egritas O, Dalgic B, Akyol G. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. +drguldal@yahoo.com + +Hepatoportal sclerosis (HPS) is a syndrome of obscure etiology, and is one of the +causes of noncirrhotic portal hypertension (PH). We aimed to investigate this +heterogeneous group of patients whose presentation showed cholestatic features, +histopathologically. Between 1999 and 2009, 12 children diagnosed with HPS were +retrospectively evaluated. HPS was diagnosed with evidence of PH, noncirrhotic +liver biopsy with typical histopathologic findings, and exclusion of other +possible causes of PH. The data was obtained from pathology reports and +microscopic slides. In histopathological re-evaluation fibrosis state, aberrant +portal vessels, portal tract dilation and inflammation, ductular reaction, +regenerative nodular hyperplasia, acinar transformation, presence of bile +pigment, and cholangitis were noted. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate +aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and albumin +levels, presentation patterns, and radiologic findings were assessed. Familial +relationship degrees were also investigated. Twelve patients (9 boys, 3 girls; +3-180 months) were re-evaluated. Two pairs of the patients were siblings. Parents +of 7 patients were consanguine. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal +distension. Histopathologically, all patients had hepatoportal sclerosis/intimal +fibrous thickening of portal vein and periportal fibrosis, acinar transformation, +and regenerative nodules not surrounded by fibrous septae. Eight patients had +vascular aberrations, 7 had ductular reaction, 1 showed mild cholangitis, and 1 +had canalicular bile pigment. We conclude that genetic predisposition might be a +possible factor for HPS development in Turkish patients and it should be kept in +mind that cholestatic features noticed in histopathological evaluation may +represent a variant group in the spectrum of HPS. + +DOI: 10.2350/11-04-1017-OA.1 +PMID: 22150463 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +750. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2012 Mar;33(1):1-3. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182243eae. + +Identification procedures as a part of death investigation in Turkey. + +Uzün I(1), Daregenli O, Sirin G, Müslümanoğlu O. + +Author information: +(1)Medical Faculty Forensic Medicine Division, Akdeniz University, Antalya, +Turkey. atkdr_ibrahim@yahoo.com + +Forensic identification techniques include the examination of ID cards, the +decedent's private belongings, fingerprints, footprints, lip marks, dental +findings, red blood cell enzymes, performing photograph matching, facial +reconstruction, visual identification, and DNA "fingerprinting." As part of +forensic examinations, the identification of corpses that are fresh, decomposed, +fragmented, or skeletonized as well as individual body parts and human remains +can be requested. Identification becomes a challenging task for forensic terms +particularly in mass-disaster situations. Each identification case should be +considered to its own merit and the way to do that should be based on the +effectiveness and cost of each method used. In Turkey, one of the major duties of +the medicolegal system on the investigation of deaths is to identify the deceased +if unknown.This study is undertaken to investigate the procedures, as well as +their validities, used to deal with individualization of dismembered bodies +directly sent to the Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, for +autopsy and/or visual identification, as well as those received from peripheral +districts for forensic identification. According to the Turkish Penal Procedural +Law, a positive identification of the deceased is mandatory before performing an +autopsy. According to the law, the ID cards are not taken to be sufficient for +recognition of the deceased, and the major way of identification in daily +practice is visual identification by a relative or any recognizant person to +approve the identification to the prosecutor. If visual identification fails, +fingerprints, dental x-rays or body x-rays, and DNA "fingerprinting" can be used +to establish identity when compared with known records of the individual obtained +by law enforcement.This retrospective study was carried out into 421 dismembered +bodies, among 3063 autopsies performed in year 2002 by the Department of Morgue +at the Council of Forensic Medicine, with particular insight into the +identification procedures undertaken and their results. The overall negative +identification rate was 30.4%, and in 1% of the cases, the visual identification +by relatives were not confirmed by DNA identification and taken as misidentified. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182243eae +PMID: 22133646 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +751. Histol Histopathol. 2012 Jan;27(1):69-78. doi: 10.14670/HH-27.69. + +Examination of epithelial tissue cytokine response to natural peste des petits +ruminants virus (PPRV) infection in sheep and goats by immunohistochemistry. + +Atmaca HT(1), Kul O. + +Author information: +(1)Kirikkale University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Pathology, Yahsihan, +Kirikkale, Turkey. ht_atmaca@yahoo.com + +In this study, we aimed to evaluate expression of IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ and +iNOS in lingual, buccal mucosa and lung epithelial tissue using immunoperoxidase +technique and to compare with the tissues of control animals. The tissues used in +the study were collected from 17 PPRV-affected and 5 healthy sheep and goats. In +PPRV positive animals, the lungs, lingual and buccal mucosa had significantly +higher iNOS, IFN-γ and TNF-α expressions compared to control group animals. There +was no significant difference between PPRV positive and control groups for IL-4 +and IL-10 expressions of epithelial tissues. In conclusion, the epithelial +tissues infected by PPRV showed significant iNOS, IFN-γ and TNF-α expressions and +they might play an important role in the initiation and regulation of cytokine +response, as they take place in the first host barrier to be in contact with +PPRV. It is suggested that the more epithelial damage produced by PPRV the more +cytokine response may result in the infected epithelial cells. The first +demonstration of iNOS expression and epithelial cytokine response to PPRV in +natural cases is important because it may contribute to an early initiation of +systemic immunity against PPRV infection, in addition to direct elimination of +the virus during the initial epithelial phase of the infection. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-27.69 +PMID: 22127598 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +752. Histol Histopathol. 2012 Jan;27(1):59-68. doi: 10.14670/HH-27.59. + +Cell cycle inhibitor p57 expression in normal and diabetic rat placentas during +some stages of pregnancy. + +Acar N(1), Korgun ET, Ustunel I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. + +Placentomegaly, an abnormal increase in the size of the placenta, is commonly +seen in human diabetic pregnancies and diabetic animal experimental models. +Proper placental development depends on the proliferation and differentiation of +trophoblasts. However, our knowledge about the mitotic regulators that play key +roles in synchronizing these events is limited. p57 is a cyclin-dependent kinase +(CDK) inhibitor acting in the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. There is no data +regarding p57 expression in either rat or human diabetic placentas. The purpose +of this study was to investigate p57 expression in control and diabetic rat +placentas at different stages of pregnancy. Diabetes was induced by +streptozotocin on the first day of pregnancy, and placentas were taken on days +11, 13, 17, and 21 of pregnancy. Our results showed that on day 11, p57 +immunostaining intensity was stronger in control group placentas compared to the +diabetic group. On day 13, p57 immunostaining intensity increased in both groups, +but increased more in the diabetic group. On day 17, p57 immunostaining intensity +decreased in both the control and diabetic groups compared to day 13, yet the +intensity remained higher in control placentas compared to diabetic placentas. On +day 21 of pregnancy, p57 immunostaining intensity increased in the control group +and it decreased from the day 17 level in the diabetic group. Western blot +results showed consistency with immunohistochemistry results. Our study shows +different expression patterns of p57 between control and diabetic rat placentas, +which indicate p57 may play a role in abnormal placental formation resulting in +placentomegaly arising from diabetes. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-27.59 +PMID: 22127597 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +753. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011 Dec;19(6):777-8. doi: 10.1177/1066896911428737. Epub 2011 +Nov 21. + +Colonic involvement in Fabry disease. + +Deniz K(1), Yurci A, Yağbasan A, Tekelioğlu F, Gürsoy S, Güven K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. +kdeniz@erciyes.edu.tr + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896911428737 +PMID: 22104736 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +754. Diagn Cytopathol. 2013 Jul;41(7):644-6. doi: 10.1002/dc.21850. Epub 2011 Nov 18. + +Medullary thyroid carcinoma in a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis diagnosed +by calcitonin washout from a thyroid nodule. + +Mousa U(1), Gursoy A, Ozdemir H, Moray G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Baskent University, +Faculty of Medicine, Ankara-Turkey. umutmousa@yahoo.co.uk + +Serum calcitonin is a tumor marker used in the diagnosis and follow-up of +medullary thyroid carcinoma. Calcitonin washout evaluation is a new method used +for suspicious thyroid nodules and lymph nodes. Limited clinical data are present +about the efficacy of this method. A 61-year-old female patient with known +Hashimoto's thyroditis and an 8-mm hypoechoic nodule was presented with one +previously benign fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). On referral to our +department, she had a moderately high-serum calcitonin level, and we repeated the +FNAC that was reported as nondiagnostic. We performed FNAC for the third time +together with calcitonin washout evaluation from the thyroid nodule. The FNAC was +again nondiagnostic, but the calcitonin washout level from the thyroid nodule was +152.569 pg/mL. Total thyroidectomy was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed +as medullary thyroid carcinoma. Calcitonin washout evaluation may be a useful +method in the differential diagnosis of patients with thyroid nodules having +moderately high-serum calcitonin levels. + +Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21850 +PMID: 22102446 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +755. Pol J Pathol. 2011 Sep;62(3):176-8. + +Could Riedel's thyroiditis be subacute thyroiditis? A case report. + +Eryaman E(1), Comunoglu C. + +Author information: +(1)Baskent Universitesi Istanbul Sagllk Uygulamave Arastlrma Merkezi Hastanesi, +KBB Hastallklarl AD, Altunizade, Istanbul, Turkey. esraer@superonline.com + +Our purpose in this paper is to make a case for the need to question whether +Riedel's thyroiditis is in fact a rare variety of subacute thyroiditis. Total +thyroidectomy was performed on a patient with a huge thyroid mass. The +histopathological diagnosis was Riedel's thyroiditis with classical +lymphoplasmacytic infiltration destroying thyroid tissue and invading +perithyroidal soft tissue. However, in addition, histopathology showed +epithelioid granulomas containing multinuclear giant cells. The existence of +these giant cells led us to place this case somewhere between Hashimoto's +thyroiditis and subacute thyroiditis (de Quervain's). Since giant cells are seen +in the histopathology of subacute thyroiditis, we propose that the possibility of +Riedel's thyroiditis being a form of subacute thyroiditis be observed and +studied. + + +PMID: 22102077 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +756. Int J Surg Pathol. 2012 Jun;20(3):262-3. doi: 10.1177/1066896911427037. Epub 2011 +Nov 13. + +Intestinal ancylostomiasis: an unusual histologic finding. + +Deniz K(1), Tekelioğlu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. +kdeniz@erciyes.edu.tr + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896911427037 +PMID: 22084430 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +757. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(6):387-93. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.618869. + +The role of asymmetric dimethyl arginine and oxidant/antioxidant system in +preeclampsia. + +Alacam H(1), Dikmen ZG, Yaman H, Cakir E, Deren O, Akgul EO, Aydin I, Kurt YG, +Keskin U, Akalin S, Polat B, Danisman N, Dogan P. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Preeclampsia is a syndrome characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. The aim +of this study is to find the relationship between preeclampsia, asymmetric +dimethyl arginine (ADMA), and the oxidant/antioxidant system. Twenty-one +preeclamptic and 28 normal pregnant women were included in this study. In cord +bloods, ADMA and oxidant/antioxidant parameters were measured. Asymmetric +dimethyl arginine levels were significantly increased in preeclamptic pregnancies +compared to the control group (p = 0.006). The activities of antioxidant enzymes +and malondialdehyde levels were increased in the preeclamptic group compared to +the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.022, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). +Development of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress may play a role in +developing preeclampsia. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.618869 +PMID: 22059458 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +758. Mod Pathol. 2012 Mar;25(3):439-48. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.181. Epub 2011 Nov +4. + +Large duct type invasive adenocarcinoma of the pancreas with microcystic and +papillary patterns: a potential microscopic mimic of non-invasive ductal +neoplasia. + +Bagci P(1), Andea AA, Basturk O, Jang KT, Erbarut I, Adsay V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Rize University, School of Medicine, Rize, Turkey. + +A morphological variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma forming large ductal +elements, large duct type ductal adenocarcinoma, is documented and its +clinicopathological features are studied. These tumors may have microcystic and +papillary growth patterns that closely mimic the non-invasive cystic and +papillary pancreatic tumors such as: intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasia, +including the oncocytic variant, mucinous cystic neoplasms, and ducts involved by +pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. In a review of 230 pancreatectomy specimens +with ductal adenocarcinoma, 28 (8%) cases of large duct type ductal +adenocarcinomas were identified according to following criteria: more than 50% of +the tumor sections available for examination contained infiltrative ducts with a +diameter larger than 0.5 mm or had a macroscopically identifiable microcystic +pattern. Overall characteristics of large duct type ductal adenocarcinomas were +not too different than those of conventional ductal adenocarcinomas, except that +there was a slight female predominance in the former (F/M=2.3). The mean age was +67 (vs 63 in conventional ductal adenocarcinomas; P=0.015), and occurrence in the +tail was slightly more common (40% vs 18% in conventional ductal adenocarcinomas; +P=0.006). Grossly, cysts measuring up to 1 cm was noted in 10 cases. +Microscopically, large duct type adenocarcinomas were characterized by +irregularly distributed large ducts with jagged edges, lined by columnar mucinous +cells often having deceptively bland cytological features and variable degrees of +papillomatosis. Stromal desmoplasia had a hypercellular quality (morphologically +distinct from ovarian-like stroma) in four cases, and had a myxoid quality in +others. KRAS oncogene mutation was identified in 9 out of 11 cases. Median, +1-year and 2-year survival rates were 16 months, 77% and 30%, respectively, as +opposed to 12 months, 52% and 30%, respectively, in conventional ductal +adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, it should be recognized that, some (8%) pancreatic +ductal adenocarcinomas exhibit a large duct pattern that may microscopically +mimic non-invasive pancreatic tumors characterized by cystic and papillary +patterns. They may be distinguished by the relatively smaller size of the cysts, +irregularity of the duct contours, clustering of the ducts, presence of +intraluminal neutrophils and granular debris, degree of cytological pleomorphism, +and myxoid quality of the stroma. Clinical behavior appears to be slightly better +than that of conventional ductal adenocarcinoma, which may be accounted by the +well-differentiated nature of these tumors. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.181 +PMID: 22056954 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +759. Dis Markers. 2011;31(4):205-10. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0815. + +Serum progranulin as an independent marker of liver fibrosis in patients with +biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. + +Yilmaz Y(1), Eren F, Yonal O, Polat Z, Bacha M, Kurt R, Ozturk O, Avsar E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. yusufyilmaz@uludag.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Elevated progranulin levels are associated with visceral obesity, +elevated plasma glucose, and dyslipidemia. Progranulin has not been previously +investigated as a biomarker of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We +sought to determine whether serum progranulin levels are altered in patients with +biopsy-proven NAFLD and if they are associated with their clinical, biochemical, +and histological characteristics. +SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We measured serum progranulin levels in 95 patients with +biopsy-proven NAFLD and 80 age- and sex-matched controls. The potential +associations between progranulin and the characteristics of NAFLD patients were +examined by multiple linear regression analysis. +RESULTS: Serum progranulin levels were significantly higher in NAFLD patients (34 +± 13 ng/mL) than in controls (28 ± 7 ng/mL, P < 0.001). In NAFLD patients, serum +progranulin levels were associated with lipid levels and the degree of hepatic +fibrosis. After adjustment for potential confounders, serum progranulin remained +an independent predictor of the degree of hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD patients (β = +0.392; t = 2.226, P < 0.01). +CONCLUSIONS: Compared with controls, NAFLD patients have higher serum progranulin +concentrations, which are closely associated with lipid values and the extent of +hepatic fibrosis. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0815 +PMCID: PMC3826876 +PMID: 22045426 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +760. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Dec 15;207(12):747-53. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.09.010. +Epub 2011 Oct 24. + +Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression in invasive ductal +carcinoma of the breast. + +Sullu Y(1), Demirag GG, Yildirim A, Karagoz F, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 55139 +Samsun, Turkey. yurdanursullu@yahoo.com + +Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 are gelatinases that play a role in +the invasion and metastasis of cancer through the destruction of the basal +membrane and extracellular matrix. In this study, we investigated the +immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the correlation between the +expression levels and prognostic clinicopathological parameters in 140 patients +with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). The staining scores for MMP-9 were negative +in 21 cases (15%), mild in 27 cases (19%), and strong in 92 cases (66%). MMP-9 +expression was increased in high-grade (p=0.001), triple-negative (ER, PR, HER2 +negative) (p=0.006), and ER-negative tumors (p=0.004) and tumors with distant +metastases (p=0.028). MMP-9 expression was increased in cases with HER2 +over-expression/amplification, but no statistically significant difference was +found (p=0.215). No correlation was found between lymph node metastasis or tumor +size and MMP-9 expression (p=0.492 and p=0.448, respectively). The staining +scores for MMP-2 in 140 cases were negative in 10 cases (7%), mild in 25 cases +(18%), and strong in 105 cases (75%). MMP-2 expression was increased in +ER-negative and high-grade tumors in the lymph node-negative group (p=0.025 and +0.026, respectively). High MMP-9 expression was associated with a shorter +disease-free survival and overall survival times (p=0.042 and p=0.046, +respectively). In conclusion, increased MMP-9 expression is related to poor +prognostic clinicopathological factors in IDC, and hence, it can be utilized as a +supplementary prognostic marker. The role of MMP-2 expression in the prognosis of +IDC is rather limited. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.09.010 +PMID: 22030137 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +761. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2012 Jan;16(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.07.001. +Epub 2011 Oct 21. + +Association of mast cells with microvessel density in urothelial carcinomas of +the urinary bladder. + +Sari A(1), Calli A, Cakalagaoglu F, Altınboga AA, Bal K. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Izmir Ataturk Researh and Training Hospital, Turkey. +aysegulakder@gmail.com + +This study aims to investigate the relation of mast cell (MC) accumulation with +tumor grade and stage in urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder and to +determine its relationship with angiogenesis. A total of 78 urothelial carcinomas +obtained by transurethral resection were investigated immunohistochemically by +using c-Kit (CD117) and anti-CD34. The correlation between MC counts and +microvessels was evaluated and compared with histopathologic parameters including +tumor stage and grade. There were significant correlations between MC counts, +grade, and stage (P < .05; r = 0.69 and 0.63, respectively). However, MC counts +in adjacent nontumoral bladder mucosa significantly were higher than the MC +counts in tumoral zone (P < .001). On the other hand, significant correlation was +found between the number of MCs in tumoral zone and the microvessel density (P < +.05, r = 0.56). The results of our study suggest that c-Kit positive MCs in +tumoral zone may contribute to tumor angiogenesis and play a significant role in +tumor growth and invasion. Further studies are needed to support these +observations. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.07.001 +PMID: 22018898 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +762. Clin Neuropathol. 2011 Nov-Dec;30(6):318-23. + +Pituitary macroadenoma with persisting dense lymphocytic infiltration in a young +male patient. + +Cakir E(1), Bayindir C, Sabanci PA, Imer M, Ozbey NC. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Department of Neurosurgery and Department of +Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical +Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. + +CONTEXT: Lymphocytic anterior hypophysitis in association with a pituitary +adenoma was reported previously. In rare instance, inflammatory infiltration was +confined to adenoma tissue itself, excluding anterior pituitary. +CASE: The patient - a 27-year-old male - presented with visual field defect. +Further examination revealed a pituitary mass with suprasellar extension. +Hormonal evaluation indicated mild hyperprolactinemia (42 ng/ml, normal < 19). +After transsphenoidal resection, a pituitary adenoma showing cytoplasmic +immunoreactivity to prolactin was identified. Dense and diffuse lymphocytic +infiltration was seen within the tumor. At 15th month, a second transsphenoidal +operation was necessary because of rapid development of visual compromise and +headache. Excised surgical specimen consistent with previously resected adenoma +showed diffuse lymphocytic infiltration composed of B and T cells within the +adenoma tissue again. +CONCLUSION: Presence of dense, hypophysitis-like lymphocytic infiltration within +pituitary adenoma tissue obtained by two consecutive operations may reflect an +host-mediated immune reaction to tumor. This rare finding could be challenging in +terms of differential diagnosis and follow-up course. + + +PMCID: PMC3663461 +PMID: 22011738 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +763. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 Nov;35(11):1691-9. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31822bd8a8. + +Clinicopathologic and genetic characterization of follicular lymphomas presenting +in the ovary reveals 2 distinct subgroups. + +Ozsan N(1), Bedke BJ, Law ME, Inwards DJ, Ketterling RP, Knudson RA, Keeney GL, +Dogan A, Feldman AL. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. + +Most lymphomas arising in the ovary are diffuse large B-cell or Burkitt +lymphomas. Follicular lymphomas of the ovary are rare, and their +clinicopathologic features are incompletely understood. We investigated clinical, +morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic features of follicular lymphomas +initially diagnosed in the ovary in 16 women. We performed immunohistochemistry +for CD20, CD3, CD10, BCL6, IRF4/MUM1, and BCL2 and interphase fluorescence in +situ hybridization for translocations involving BCL2, BCL6, and IRF4. Clustering +was performed on the basis of clinicopathologic and genetic variables using +Cluster 3.0. Ages ranged from 42 to 73 years. Unsupervised hierarchical +clustering analysis revealed 2 distinct groups of patients. One group (group A) +included 7 cases, which were negative or weakly positive for BCL2 protein and +lacked IGH@/BCL2 translocations (6 cases evaluable). Four patients were of grade +3A, and 3 patients were of grade 2. Four had stage IE disease with unilateral +ovarian involvement (subgroup A(1)), and the stage was unknown in 3 patients +(subgroup A(2)). The second group (group B) included 9 cases of low histologic +grade, which strongly expressed BCL2 protein and had IGH@/BCL2 translocations (7 +cases evaluable). Six patients had stage III/IV disease, 2 had stage II disease, +and the stage was unknown in 1 patient. Although follow-up intervals were +limited, patients with higher-grade/low-stage disease tended to have favorable +outcomes. These data indicate 2 distinct types of follicular lymphomas presenting +in the ovary: a low-grade/high-stage/BCL2-positive group and a +higher-grade/low-stage/BCL2-negative group. This latter group likely has distinct +biological and immunologic characteristics, as has been suggested for +higher-grade/low-stage follicular lymphomas presenting at other extranodal sites. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31822bd8a8 +PMID: 21997689 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +764. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Nov 15;207(11):691-4. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.09.001. Epub +2011 Oct 10. + +Pathological characteristics and clinical outcome of uterine leiomyomas +associated with pregnancy. + +Muezzinoglu B(1), Corakci A. + +Author information: +(1)Kocaeli University Medical School, Department of Pathology, 41900 Kocaeli, +Turkey. m.bahar@isnet.net.tr + +Classification of a uterine smooth muscle neoplasm as benign or malignant is +straightforward in most of the cases. During pregnancy, hemorrhage, necrosis and +various degenerative changes can complicate the diagnosis. In this study, we +examined the histological features, clinical behavior and proliferatively related +markers in gestational leiomyomas removed during cesarean section. From 2005 to +2008, 53 pregnant patients with leiomyomas were submitted to cesarean section in +our institute. Degenerative and atypical changes were detected in 42 leiomyomas +(61.7%). Seven leiomyomas had extensive areas of necrosis. All necrotic foci +appeared in the form of hyaline type or infarct type necrosis. Cellular atypia +was mild and focal in 18 leiomyomas. Atypia was associated with hyaline type +necrosis in 3 cases. Mitotic activity was very low (<5/10 HPF) in one but all of +the cases. Within a median follow-up of 38 months, none of the patients in our +study with follow-up information had any evidence of residual disease or +recurrence. Morphological features of leiomyomas removed during pregnancy include +extensive hyalin type necrosis, hemorrhage and focal cellular atypia. The +pathological management of gestational uterine leiomyomas may be performed +successfully with a multivariate diagnostic approach. The proper clinical +management of leiomyomas needs further studies to clarify the etiology and +pathogenesis of this common disease. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.09.001 +PMID: 21993296 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +765. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 Dec;35(12):1837-47. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31822d787c. + +PAX2 and PAX8 expression in primary and metastatic müllerian epithelial tumors: a +comprehensive comparison. + +Ozcan A(1), Liles N, Coffey D, Shen SS, Truong LD. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, +Turkey. aozcan06018@gmail.com + +Comment in + Am J Surg Pathol. 2012 Jul;36(7):1099-100; author reply 1100-2. + +PAX2 and PAX8 are transcription factors that are essential in embryonic +development of müllerian organs. They may also play a role in tumor development +in these organs. The diagnostic utility of PAX2 and PAX8 relative to one another +has not been comprehensively studied. Archival tissue samples for normal or +non-neoplastic tissue (251), primary epithelial neoplasms (316 for PAX2 and 357 +for PAX8), and metastatic epithelial neoplasms (16), all of müllerian origin, +were subjected to PAX2 and PAX8 immunostaining. The staining frequency, extent, +and intensity for these markers were compared. Virtually identical PAX2 and PAX8 +expressions were noted in non-neoplastic tissue. They were constantly seen in +most epithelial cells (but not in stromal cells) of the endocervix, endometrium, +fallopian tube, paratubal cyst, endosalpingiosis, endometriosis, and endometrial +polyp. Within the primary epithelial neoplasms, PAX2 and PAX8 expression was +noted in 55% and 98% of serous tumors, 25% and 94% of endometrioid tumors, 19% +and 100% of clear cell tumors, 11% and 67% of transitional/undifferentiated +tumors, and 10% and 22% of mucinous tumors, respectively. Regardless of +histologic subtypes, PAX2 staining was noted in fewer cells and with less +staining intensity compared with PAX8. No tumor showed only PAX2 staining. Within +the metastatic carcinomas, PAX2 and PAX8 expression was noted in 38% and 98% of +cases, respectively, with a diffuse and strong staining for PAX8, contrasting +with a patchy and weak PAX2 expression. PAX2 and PAX8 are constantly expressed in +normal or non-neoplastic tissue of müllerian origin. For primary and metastatic +müllerian epithelial tumors, PAX8 shows strong and diffuse staining in most cases +of all histologic subtypes, except in mucinous tumors. In contrast, PAX2 +expression is always less than PAX8, and exclusive staining for PAX2 is not seen. +PAX8 supersedes PAX2 as probably the best epithelial marker hitherto for primary +or metastatic müllerian epithelial tumors. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31822d787c +PMID: 21989345 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +766. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Mar;65(3):255-62. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.012. Epub +2011 Oct 2. + +The potential role of combined antioxidant treatment on pancreas of STZ-diabetic +mice. + +Karatug A(1), Bolkent S. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 34134 +Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey. akaratug@istanbul.edu.tr + +In diabetes, cells and tissues are damaged due to the imbalance between +production of free radicals and removal of them. The effective biologic +antioxidants for oxidative stress such as α-lipoic acid, vitamin E and selenium +are effective in diminishing oxidative damage such as membrane lipid +peroxidation. The experiment aimed to investigate the oxidative stress occurring +in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fraction of pancreatic tissues in +streptozotocin-diabetic mice and the possible effects of α-lipoic acid + vitamin +E + selenium combination on oxidative damage and antioxidative system by using +microscopic and biochemical methods. The mice were divided into five groups. +These groups were treated by citrate buffer, the solvents of the antioxidants, +combined the antioxidants [α-lipoic acid (50 mg/kg), vitamin E (100 mg/kg), +selenium (0.25 mg/kg)], streptozotocin (40 mg/kg × 5), combined the antioxidants +and streptozotocin. The mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. In the +experimental group given combined antioxidants following results were observed +compared to diabetic group: increased percent insulin-positive cell area; +decreased blood glucose levels; increased manganase superoxide dismutase +activities and unsignificantly increased superoxide dismutase activities; +unsignificantly decreased lipid peroxidase levels in both of fraction; +unsignificantly decreased in mitochondrial fraction and unsignificantly increased +in cytosolic fraction for catalase levels; not any alteration glutathione levels; +not any activity in both of fraction for glutathione peroxidase. We can say that +by taking the blood glucose levels and immunohistochemical results into account, +the combination of triple antioxidants has a partly positive effect on diabetes. +This positive effect could increase when trying different doses of combined +antioxidant treatment. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.012 +PMID: 21968281 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +767. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2012 Jul-Sep;26(3):282-4. doi: +10.1097/WAD.0b013e31823346c6. + +Crossed aphasia in a dextral patient with logopenic/phonological variant of +primary progressive aphasia. + +Demirtas-Tatlidede A(1), Gurvit H, Oktem-Tanor O, Emre M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, +Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +aslidemirtas@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Crossed aphasia is a rare phenomenon, with a prevalence of 1% to 2% +among all right-handed patients. Two crossed aphasic patients with a nonfluent +variant of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) have been reported previously. This +report aims to document for the first time the occurrence of crossed logopenic +progressive aphasia in a dextral patient. +CASE REPORT: A 57-year-old monolingual housewife presented with word-finding +difficulties. She was strongly right handed, had no clinical history for brain +damage to the left hemisphere, and no left handers in her family history. Her +language comprised simple, grammatically correct sentences with a fluctuating +speech rate and intermittent word-finding pauses. Rare phonological errors were +noted. Sentence repetition tasks showed impairments with grammatically complex +sentences. Comprehension was intact as were writing and reading. The language +disability remained isolated for 3 years. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging +depicted somewhat asymmetrical atrophy of the parietal lobes (R>L), whereas +single-photon-emitted computed tomographic imaging demonstrated hypoperfusion in +the right parietal cortex, indicating right hemisphere dominance for language. +CONCLUSIONS: This case report provides evidence that crossed PPA can present with +a logopenic variant in addition to the nonfluent type demonstrated by others. +Functional neuroimaging showed unexpected right-sided hypoperfusion in this case +with only subtle structural brain asymmetry, implicating a reverse pattern of +language dominance. + +DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e31823346c6 +PMID: 21959362 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +768. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Oct 15;207(10):628-33. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.07.010. +Epub 2011 Sep 21. + +ETS-1 proto-oncogene as a key newcomer molecule to predict invasiveness in +laryngeal carcinoma. + +Calli AO(1), Sari A, Cakalagaoglu F, Altinboga AA, Oncel S. + +Author information: +(1)Izmir Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Yesilyurt, +Turkey. calliaylin@gmail.com + +ETS-1 protein is one of the key regulators in tumor invasion and progression. We +aimed to evaluate the role of ETS-1 in the invasiveness and progression of +laryngeal squamous carcinoma, as well as to determine the correlations between +clinicopathological characteristics and expression of this molecule. We assessed +the levels of ETS-1 in a total of 96 laryngeal specimens of varying degrees of +dysplasia, microinvasive squamous carcinoma (8), and invasive squamous carcinoma +(60), using normal mucosal epithelium (10) as a positive control. The +relationship between ETS-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters of +laryngeal carcinoma was also analyzed. We found a significantly higher ETS-1 +expression in invasive laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas than in dysplasia +(P<0.001). A correlation between ETS-1 expression scores and grade was detected - +T factor, stage, cartilage invasion, lymph node metastasis, as well as depth of +invasion in laryngeal tumors. Our study is the first to demonstrate that ETS-1 +expression is significantly increased in invasive carcinoma, but it is absent in +low-moderate grade laryngeal dysplasia and non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa. This +data suggest that ETS-1 expression may play an important role in tumor invasion, +and may function in the initiation of the invasive process in laryngeal squamous +cell carcinoma. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.07.010 +PMID: 21940109 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +769. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jul-Sep;54(3):642-3. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.85130. + +Tularemia: a rare cause of cervical lymphadenopathy. + +Karabay O(1), Karadenizli A, Durmaz Y, Ozturk G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sakarya +University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey. drkarabay@yahoo.com + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.85130 +PMID: 21934250 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +770. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jul-Sep;54(3):526-31. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.85086. + +Increased expression of COX-2 in recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the skin: a +pilot study. + +Karahan N(1), Baspinar S, Bozkurt KK, Caloglu E, Ciris IM, Kapucuoglu N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, +Isparta, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent malignant skin +tumor. BCC rarely metastasizes, but it is often locally aggressive. +Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is critical for tumor formation, angiogenesis and +metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the members of the family of +zinc (Zn)- and calcium-dependent endopeptidases that degrade the extracellular +matrix. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study, we used immunohistochemical methods for the +evaluation of COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in tissue samples of 30 primary +and 10 recurrent skin BCC cases. +RESULTS: Immunohistochemical COX-2 expression was significantly higher in the +infiltrating pattern of BCC compared with the nodular (P = 0.005) and superficial +(P = 0.041) subtypes in the primary BCC group. There was not a significant +difference between nodular and superficial BCCs for COX-2 expression. In +addition, COX-2 expression was significantly higher in the recurrent BCC group +than in the primary BCC group (P = 0.030). There was no statistically significant +difference between the histological subtypes of primary BCCs and between primary +and recurrent BCCs for MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions. +CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm previous findings that COX-2 and MMP-9 expressions +are increased in BCC. Our results revealed an elevated COX-2 expression in +recurrent BCCs. We suggest that COX-2 inhibition might have beneficial effects in +BCCs, especially for the tumors with a higher level of COX-2 expression or +aggressive phenotype. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.85086 +PMID: 21934214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +771. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jul-Sep;54(3):482-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.85079. + +The enigmatic role of nucleophosmin in malignant melanoma: does it have an +effect? + +Calli AO(1), Sari A, Evcim G, Altinboga A, Sadullahoglu C, Ermete M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Training and Research Hospital, +Yesilyurt/Izmir, Turkey. calliaylin@gmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Melanoma is quite a heterogeneous group of diseases of the skin. +Prognostic markers of tumor behavior are important to precisely assign individual +patients for appropriate treatment protocols. +AIM: The aim of our first study was to investigate nucleophosmin expression in +melanoma patients and to determine its relationship with the tumor +characteristics and patient prognosis. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of +nucleophosmin in 55 melanoma patients. The immunostaining pattern was classified +into two groups: Diffuse nuclear and nucleolar relocalization. We also +investigated the relationship between the expression of nucleophosmin and the +clinicopathological parameters such as Clark level, tumor thickness, stage, +histological type, location, and survey. +RESULTS: In all cases the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for +nucleophosmin (14 cases diffuse nuclear, 41 cases nucleolar relocalization). No +correlation was demonstrated between the expression pattern of nucleophosmin and +the clinicopathological parameters and survey. +CONCLUSIONS: The implications of our results, nevertheless, are that the +immunohistochemical detection of nucleophosmin is not a valuable tool for +predicting the outcome of patients with melanoma or identifying subgroups of +patients who may be at a higher risk. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.85079 +PMID: 21934207 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +772. Int J Surg Pathol. 2012 Jun;20(3):280-3. doi: 10.1177/1066896911421784. Epub 2011 +Sep 19. + +Adenohibernoma: a rare breast tumor. + +Ayva SK(1), Ozturk FK, Obut H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Kirikkale University, 71100, Saglık +Sok, Kirikkale, Turkey. ekupana@yahoo.com + +Adenohibernoma of the breast is a very rare tumor composed of brown fat tissue +and intermingled glandular tissue. There are only 2 case reports in literature. +This study reports the third case of adenohibernoma of the breast, which is not +accompanied by breast cancer differing from the previous cases. And, to the best +of the authors' knowledge, this is also the first case of adenohibernoma of the +breast that has demonstrated adipophilin expression immunohistochemically. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896911421784 +PMID: 21933783 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +773. Exp Mol Pathol. 2011 Dec;91(3):708-13. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.09.003. Epub +2011 Sep 9. + +Protective effects of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) on testicular +torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. + +Kanter M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Trakya, Edirne, Turkey. mkanter65@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba +(EGb 761) on testicular torsion/detorsion induced ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) +injury. A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: +control, I/R and I/R treated with EGb 761; each group contains 8 animals. +Testicular torsion was created by rotating the left testis 720° in a clockwise +direction. The ischemia period was 5 h and orchiectomy was performed after 5 h of +detorsion. EGb 761 (50 mg/kg, orally) was administrated only once, 40 min prior +to detorsion. To date, no more histopathological changes on testicular +torsion/detorsion induced ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats by EGb 761 +treatment have been reported. Spermatogenesis and mean seminiferous tubule +diameter (MSTD) were significantly decreased in I/R groups were compared to the +control group. Furthermore, EGb 761 treated animals showed an improved +histological appearance in I/R group. Our data indicate a significant reduction +in the activity of TUNEL and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in testes +tissue of I/R treated with EGb 761 therapy. Electron microscopy of the testes of +rats demonstrated that EGb 761 pretreatment was particularly effective in +preventing the mitochondrial degeneration, dilatation of SER and enlarged +intercellular spaces in both Sertoli and spermatid cells in I/R treated animals. +We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of EGb 761 may +indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment on testes injury after I/R in +rats. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.09.003 +PMID: 21930126 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +774. J Comp Pathol. 2012 May;146(4):289-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.07.004. Epub 2011 +Sep 6. + +Dual infection of fetal and neonatal small ruminants with border disease virus +and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV): neuronal tropism of PPRV as a novel +finding. + +Toplu N(1), Oguzoglu TC, Albayrak H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Adnan +Menderes, Isikli, Aydin 09016, Turkey. ntoplu@adu.edu.tr + +Dual infection of 26 fetal and neonatal small ruminants with border disease virus +(BDV) and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is reported. The animals +included five aborted lamb fetuses, 19 neonatal lambs and two neonatal kids from +flocks in regions of the Black Sea and the Aegean region. BDV and PPRV antigens +were detected immunohistochemically in the brain, oral mucosa, intestine and lung +of infected animals. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to +demonstrate PPRV and BDV in samples of the spleen, lymph node, lung and brain +from infected animals. On the basis of observations made, it is concluded that +brain damage following intrauterine infection with BDV facilitates the passage of +PPRV to the brain and results in infection of neuronal and glial cells by PPRV. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.07.004 +PMID: 21899857 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +775. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Jan;65(1-2):147-51. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.07.003. Epub +2011 Aug 30. + +Pentraxin 3 as a potential biomarker of acetaminophen-induced liver injury. + +Yaman H(1), Cakir E, Akgul EO, Aydin I, Onguru O, Cayci T, Kurt YG, Agilli M, +Aydin FN, Gulec M, Altinel O, Isbilir S, Ersoz N, Yasar M, Turker T, Bilgi C, +Erbil KM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, +Etlik-06018 Ankara, Turkey. hyaman@gata.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) can lead to severe liver injury in +humans and experimental animals. Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is produced and released by +several cell types. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether PTX-3 is a +potential biomarker in the identification of APAP-induced liver injury. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into +three groups: control, APAP-1 and APAP-2 groups. APAP-1 (1 g/kg) and APAP-2 (2 +g/kg) group rats were given APAP by gastric tube. Liver tissues and blood samples +were obtained for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Biochemical +parameters, plasma and liver PTX-3 levels and degree of liver necrosis were +measured in all groups. +RESULTS: APAP treatments caused necrosis in liver and accompanied by elevated +liver PTX-3 levels after 48 h. In APAP-1 and APAP-2 groups when compared with +control group (7.5±3.3 ng/mg protein), mean liver PTX-3 concentrations were +14.1±3.0 (p=0.032) and 28.5±8.2 (p<0.001) ng/mg protein, respectively. All rats +(100%) in the APAP-2 group had the degree 3 liver necrosis. However 10%, 40% and +50% of rats had the degree 1, the degree 2 and the degree 3 liver necrosis in the +APAP-1 group, respectively. The degrees of liver necrosis of the APAP-1 and +APAP-2 groups were higher than the group of control (p<0.001 and p<0.001, +respectively). +CONCLUSIONS: PTX-3 may have a role in the APAP-induced liver injury in the rats. +The elevated liver PTX-3 in the APAP-induced hepatic necrosis might be a marker +of acute histological liver damage. Further prospective studies are necessary to +clarify the prognostic value of liver PTX-3 for prediction of histological +hepatic necrosis in the APAP-induced liver injury. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.07.003 +PMID: 21880472 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +776. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Jan;65(1-2):143-6. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.07.002. + +The effect of acrylamide on alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase enzyme in blood +circulating lymphocytes and gut associated lymphoid tissues in rats. + +Yener Y(1), Sur E, Telatar T, Oznurlu Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, University of Selçuk, +Konya, Turkey. yesimyener@selcuk.edu.tr + +The aim of this study is to determine the functional effects of the acrylamide +(AA) administrated by oral gavage on the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and +the Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) in male Sprague-Dawley rats using +alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) demonstration. For this purpose, two +separate experiments were performed with Sprague Dawley rats. In Experiment-I +rats were gavaged with 0, 30, 45 and 60 mg/kgb.w. AA for five consecutive days +and in Experiment-II rats were gavaged with 0, 125, 150, and 175 mg/kg/b.w. AA +for single oral dose. Animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last treatments in +both experiments by servical dislocations under ether anaesthesia. Blood samples +were collected from the heart in heparinized (10 UI heparin/ml(-1) of the blood) +tubes before sacrification and lymphoid tissue samples from the ileal Peyer's +patches (IPPs) were taken and processed for histochemical demonstration of ANAE +following the sacrification. The lymphoid follicles of the IPPs of animals given +125, 150 and 175 mg/kgb.w. AA were markedly reduced in size. Germinal centres +(GCs) markedly regressed in AA-treated animals compared with those of controls. +ANAE-positive lymphocyte depletion of IPPs was very prominent in the high doses +AA-treated animals. In the animals treated with 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg b.w. AA, the +IPPs had similar histology to those of the controls. ANAE-positive peripheral +blood lymphocyte levels significantly decreased in AA exposed groups in a dose +dependent manner (p<0.05). In conclusion, AA has detrimental effects on +peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and the Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) +in rats. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.07.002 +PMID: 21856137 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +777. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2011 Dec;15(6):422-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.06.003. +Epub 2011 Aug 19. + +Malignant glandular lesions and glandular differentiation in invasive/noninvasive +urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. + +Behzatoğlu K(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Ministry of +Health, Istanbul, Turkey. kbehzatoglu@hotmail.com + +Although the lumen of the urinary bladder is covered with only urothelial +epithelium, malign glandular lesions (eg, nonurachal adenocarcinoma) and benign +lesions (eg, cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis) can also rarely occur in +this site due to its characteristic embryologic development. Glandular +differentiation is uncommon in urothelial carcinomas and is even less common in +noninvasive urothelial cancers. In addition, in situ urothelial carcinomas are +more likely to progress in the presence of glandular differentiation toward +high-grade urothelial carcinomas and/or aggressive urothelial carcinomas. Pure +nonurachal adenocarcinomas and mixed carcinomas (urothelial carcinoma and +adenocarcinoma) are very rare, and their pathogenesis is not clear. Most of the +nonurachal adenocarcinomas are thought to arise on the grounds of cystitis +glandularus with intestinal metaplasia. Here, I present 2 cases with noninvasive +urothelial carcinoma with substantial glandular differentiation showing +progression to signet ring cell carcinoma and invasive urothelial carcinoma, one +case with mixed carcinoma (urothelial carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) and another +case with pure adenocarcinoma developing from cystitis glandularis with +intestinal metaplasia, and discuss malign glandular lesions in the bladder and +invasive/noninvasive urothelial carcinomas with glandular differentiation. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.06.003 +PMID: 21855380 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +778. APMIS. 2011 Sep;119(9):574-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02778.x. Epub 2011 +Jun 23. + +Prognostic significance of micropapillary pattern in lung adenocarcinoma and +expression of apoptosis-related markers: caspase-3, bcl-2, and p53. + +Cakir E(1), Yilmaz A, Demirag F, Oguztuzun S, Sahin S, Yazici UE, Aydin M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ataturk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Education +and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. arabaci.ebru@gmail.com + +We evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance +of lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary pattern (MPP) and analyzed the +expression of apoptosis-related markers: caspase-3, bcl-2, and p53. A series of +166 lung adenocarcinoma that had been surgically resected between 2004 and 2009 +were reviewed. Histopathologic patterns, presence of tumor necrosis, mitosis, +lymphovascular and perineural invasion, the status of pleura, and tumor +differentiation were examined. Of the 166 patients; 71 were stage I, 35 stage II, +51 stage III, and nine stage IV. Histologically they were divided into two +groups: MPP-positive (n = 55) and MPP-negative (n = 111). The following items +were significantly more frequent in the MPP positive group: female gender (p = +0.03), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.031), and pleural invasion (p = 0.045). Age, +smoking status, tumor stage, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, mitotic +count, and survival rates had no statistically significant difference between +groups (p > 0.05). In MPP positive tumors, visceral pleural invasion was +identified significantly more frequent than in MPP negative tumors, at stage I. +Tumors with MPP showed elevated expressions of caspase-3 (94.5%), p53 (60%), and +bcl-2 (54.5%). In MPP positive group, the expression of these three markers had +no statistically significant impact on survival. In whole population, bcl-2 +expression was correlated with a better outcome. We conclude that MPP is +associated with poor prognostic factors both in early and late stages in lung +adenocarcinoma. Bcl-2 provides prognostic information independent from the MPP. + +© 2011 The Authors. APMIS © 2011 APMIS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02778.x +PMID: 21851414 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +779. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2012 Dec;16(6):521-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.05.003. +Epub 2011 Aug 16. + +Epithelioid schwannoma of soft tissue: unusual morphological variant causing a +diagnostic dilemma. + +Rezanko T(1), Sari AA, Tunakan M, Calli AO, Altinboga AA. + +Author information: +(1)Ataturk Training And Research Hospital, Department of 1. Pathology, Izmir +35360, Turkey. rezankoa@yahoo.com + +Epithelioid variant of peripheral nerve sheath tumors is a rare but, at the same +time, a well-known entity especially in the malignant counterpart. However, +peculiar epithelioid morphology in soft tissue schwannomas is unusual and has +been defined recently. These tumors may cause diagnostic errors owing to their +increased cellularity and epithelioid morphology. Typical histologic features of +classic schwannoma such as Antoni A and B areas, Verocay bodies, and hyalinized +vessels are either absent or only present in focal areas. Furthermore, strong and +diffuse S-100 protein expression is seen in both benign and malignant +counterparts of epithelioid schwannoma. The findings that are suggestive of the +benign nature of the lesion are long-term clinical history, small size, +superficial localization, encapsulation, bland morphology, lack of mitosis and +necrosis, and a benign clinical course after complete excision. Pathologists +should be aware of the epithelioid variant of schwannoma to avoid false diagnosis +of malignancy. We hereby report 3 cases of unusual benign epithelioid schwannoma +of the soft tissue with special regard to problems in differential diagnosis. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.05.003 +PMID: 21849256 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +780. Dis Markers. 2011;31(1):33-8. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0800. + +Relationship between toll-like receptor 8 gene polymorphisms and pediatric +pulmonary tuberculosis. + +Dalgic N(1), Tekin D, Kayaalti Z, Cakir E, Soylemezoglu T, Sancar M. + +Author information: +(1)Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Division of Pediatric Infectious +Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey. nazandalgic@ttmail.com + +OBJECTIVES: Genetic variants in Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are considered a +potential indicator for host susceptibility to and outcome of several infectious +diseases including tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether +-129 C/G and Met1Val polymorphisms of TLR8 were associated with pediatric +pulmonary tuberculosis in Turkish population. +METHODS: The -129 C/G and Met1Val polymorphisms were studied in 124 children with +pulmonary tuberculosis compared to 150 age-matched healthy control subjects. +RESULTS: We did not identify any statistically significant differences between +the patients with TB and control groups with regard to the frequency of genotypes +GG or G/(-), CG, and CC or C/(-); and alleles G and C at rs3764879 (p> 0.05). We +found a strong association with genotype A/(-) at rs3764880 with susceptibility +to pulmonary TB in males (OR 2.87, 95%CI 1.38-5.98, p=0.007). +CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence, for the first time, of a role for the +TLR8 gene in susceptibility to pulmonary TB in male children. Additional research +to verify our results are necessary. Tuberculosis in children presents +particularly difficult challenges, but research priorities and advances in +pediatric tuberculosis could provide wider insights and opportunities for +tuberculosis control. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0800 +PMCID: PMC3826908 +PMID: 21846947 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +781. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(6):363-9. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.587494. Epub +2011 Aug 15. + +Post-operative subcutaneous fat necrosis in a newborn: a case report. + +Akin MA(1), Akin L, Coban D, Akcakus M, Balkanli S, Kurtoglu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neonatology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, +Turkey. mustafaaliakin@hotmail.com + +Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (ScFN) is an uncommon condition of +neonates and infants. The disorder is caused by generalized and local tissue +hypoperfusion. The ScFN tends to improve spontaneously with or without some +severe complications such as hypercalcemia. The ScFN may occur as iatrogenic +after hypothermic surgical interventions. We present iatrogenic ScFN in a newborn +with uncomplicated hypercalcemia due to cold exposure on operating table during +at an umbilical cord hernia operation. To our knowledge, this is the first report +of a patient in whom ScFN occurred during a commonly performed and relatively +short-term "nonhypothermic" operation. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.587494 +PMID: 21843053 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +782. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Oct 15;207(10):618-22. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.07.002. +Epub 2011 Aug 5. + +The role of mast cells and angiogenesis in benign and malignant neoplasms of the +uterus. + +Goksu Erol AY(1), Tokyol C, Ozdemir O, Yilmazer M, Arioz TD, Aktepe F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology & Embryology, Afyonkocatepe University Medical School, +Turkey. yasemin.goksu@gmail.com + +In this study, we looked for a relationship between the extent of angiogenesis +and mast cell density (MCD) in human leiomyomas and endometrial carcinomas (EC), +and investigated the clinicopathological relevance of mast cells (MCs) in EC. +Specimens of 15 control, 20 leiomyoma, and 23 EC patients were investigated +immunohistochemically using anti-CD31 and anti-tryptase antibodies. In EC, both +stromal and myometrial expressions of CD31 were significantly higher than in the +controls (p<0.01 and p=0.013; respectively). Stromal tryptase expression was not +significantly lower than that of leiomyoma. In addition, in the leiomyoma group, +CD31 and tryptase expressions were not much different compared to the controls. +Moreover, a correlation was detected between cancer histological grade and both +stromal and myometrial expressions of CD31 (p=0.017 and p=0.005; respectively). +The findings show that high grade EC has a higher degree of vascularization than +EC of lower grade, but MCD does not increase in parallel with the histological +grade. This study has demonstrated that MCD does not correlate with angiogenesis +and progression of grade in EC. Moreover, MCD in EC was found to be lower than in +benign lesions of the uterus. In conclusion, MCs may not account for the +angiogenic process which facilitates tumor growth. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.07.002 +PMID: 21820813 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +783. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(6):431-6. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.587500. Epub +2011 Aug 3. + +Craniorachischisis with a variant of pentalogy of Cantrell, with lung extrophy. + +Atis A(1), Demirayak G, Saglam B, Aksoy F, Sen C. + +Author information: +(1)Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +alevatis@mynet.com + +A case of cranioraschischisis including incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is +described. The female fetus had a large omphalocele with evisceration of the +heart, left lung, liver, stomach, and intestines accompanying anencephaly, +cervical, thoracal lumbar, spina bifida. The fetus had ectopia cordis and +diaphragmatic agenesia with an intact sternum. We present a case of a neonate +with the stigmata for PC with the exception of a sternal defect. A literature +review is also included. Sonographers should check for ventral and dorsal +anomalies with PC because they may occur simultaneously. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.587500 +PMID: 21812640 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +784. Cytopathology. 2012 Apr;23(2):129-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2011.00901.x. Epub +2011 Aug 2. + +Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of spleen: a case report +describing cytology, histology, immunoprofile and differential diagnosis. + +Önder S(1), Kosemehmetoglu K, Himmetoglu Ç, Firat P, Uner A. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. sonder@hacettepe.edu.tr + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2011.00901.x +PMID: 21810125 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +785. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011 Dec;19(6):761-71. doi: 10.1177/1066896911415667. Epub +2011 Jul 26. + +The use of the Bethesda terminology in thyroid fine-needle aspiration results in +a lower rate of surgery for nonmalignant nodules: a report from a reference +center in Turkey. + +Ozluk Y(1), Pehlivan E, Gulluoglu MG, Poyanli A, Salmaslioglu A, Colak N, Kapran +Y, Yilmazbayhan D. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +yasozluk@gmail.com + +The Bethesda system (BS) for reporting thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA), +which classifies nodules as nondiagnostic (ND), benign (B), atypia/follicular +lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), suspicious for follicular +neoplasm (SFN/FN), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), or malignant (M), uses +clinically valuable management guidelines. The authors employed a similar +in-house classification system (IS) for thyroid FNAs, using the categories of ND, +B, suspicious follicular cells (SFC), follicular lesion/neoplasm (FL/FN), SFM, +and M. The authors compared IS and BS, and assessed the utility of BS in clinical +practice. A total of 581 nodules with cytological/histological follow-up were +examined and indeterminate lesions by BS were reclassified. The sensitivity and +specificity for malignancy using IS were similar to that of BS (77% vs 99%). +However, when SFN/FN and SFM were both considered positive, the results for IS +and BS were as follows: sensitivity, 85% versus 85%; specificity, 87% versus 94%; +and diagnostic accuracy, 86% versus 90%, respectively. Discrepancies between +cytological and histological data were evident in 35 cases among all categories +of BS except AUS/FLUS. The rate of surgery for nonmalignant nodules was lesser +(20% vs 9%) by BS. Among 34 AUS/FLUS cases with follow-up data, hypocellularity +was the case in 11 (46%) nonneoplastic and 10 (100%) neoplastic nodules. The use +of BS results in a lower rate of surgery for nonmalignant nodules even though +patients with borderline cytopathologic features are still encountered. AUS/FLUS +category can be separated into subgroups according to the factors causing +difficulties in the interpretation. There is a need of accumulation of AUS/FLUS +cases to do further evaluations and studies. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896911415667 +PMID: 21791482 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +786. Pathol Oncol Res. 2012 Apr;18(2):253-62. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9436-1. Epub +2011 Jul 23. + +Can lymphatic vascular density be used in determining metastatic spreading +potential of tumor in invasive ductal carcinomas? + +Kandemir NO(1), Barut F, Bektas S, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +Zonguldak, Turkey. niluferkandemir@yahoo.com + +Regional lymph node status is the primary parameter determining treatment +strategies and prognoses in breast cancer. Lymphatic vessels in primary tumor +tissue play a significant role in lymphatic metastasis. The aim of this study was +to investigate the correlation of intra- and peritumoral lymphatic microvessel +densities (LVD) with prognostic parameters in breast cancer, including lymphatic +invasion (LI). Lymphangiogenesis was investigated using D2-40 monoclonal antibody +in 69 invasive ductal carcinoma cases who underwent mastectomy and axillary lymph +node dissection. Positively stained microvessels were counted at 400× in dense +lymphatic vascular foci (hotspots). Tumor LI was established when at least one +neoplastic cell cluster was clearly visible inside a D2-40-positive lymph vessel. +Relationships were sought between clinicopathological parameters and mean LVD and +LI in primary tumor tissue. Peritumoral LVD was markedly higher than intratumoral +LVD (p < 0.001). No significant relationship was found between intratumoral LVD +and clinicopathological parameters (p > 0.05). However, significant relationships +were detected between peritumoral LVD and LVI [H&E] (p = 0.04), number of +lymphatic invasion [n/mm2, D2-40] (p = 0.001), tumor size (p = 0.01), lymph node +status (p = 0.03), and tumor stage (p = 0.04). The immunohistochemical +determination of LI and LVD can contribute to the prediction of a tumor's +biological behavior in invasive ductal carcinomas. Peritumoral LVD in primary +tumor tissue is closely related to parameters influencing the prognosis of a +tumor. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9436-1 +PMID: 21785902 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +787. Pathol Oncol Res. 2012 Apr;18(2):209-18. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9430-7. Epub +2011 Jul 21. + +HGF/c-Met overexpressions, but not met mutation, correlates with progression of +non-small cell lung cancer. + +Gumustekin M(1), Kargi A, Bulut G, Gozukizil A, Ulukus C, Oztop I, Atabey N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology, Dokuz Eylul University Medical School, Inciralti, +35340, Izmir, Turkey. + +Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met are suggested to play an +important role in progression of solid organ tumors by mediating cell motility, +invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of HGF and c-Met have been shown in +non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their role in tumor progression is +not clearly defined. The aim of this study is to determine the role of HGF/c-Met +pathway and its association with invasion related markers and clinicopathologic +parameters in NSCLC. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 63 +paraffin-embedded NSCLC tumor sections. The expressions of invasion related +markers such as Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9, Tissue Inhibitor +Metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 and 3 and RhoA were also examined. Co-expression of +HGF/c-Met was significantly associated with lymph node invasion and TIMP-3 and +RhoA overexpressions. There were positive correlation between TIMP-3 +overexpression and advanced stage and negative correlation between RhoA +overexpression and survival. DNA sequencing for Met mutations in both nonkinase +and tyrosine kinase (TK) domain was established. A single nucleotide polymorphism +(SNP) in sema domain and two SNPs in TK domain of c-Met were found. There was no +statistically significant correlation between the presence of c-Met alterations +and clinicopathologic parameters except shorter survival time in cases with two +SNPs in TK domain. These results suggest that HGF/c-Met might exert their effects +in tumor progression in association with RhoA and probably with TIMP-3. The +blockade of the HGF/c-Met pathway with RhoA and/or TIMP-3 inhibitors may be an +effective therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9430-7 +PMID: 21779788 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +788. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2012 Oct;16(5):402-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.03.006. +Epub 2011 Jul 19. + +Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the larynx in female patient: a rare entity. + +Ebru T(1), Omer Y, Fulya OP, Ufuk U, Kemal K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Trakya University, Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey. +ebrutastekin@hotmail.com + +Laryngeal malignant tumors are mainly composed of squamous cell carcinomas. +Glandular carcinomas of the larynx are rare tumors that constitute less than 1% +of all laryngeal malignancies where "adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified" is +the most common histologic subtype. Here we report a case of a 70-year-old female +patient with primary laryngeal mucinous adenocarcinoma. The rarity of the tumor +type and the differential diagnosis of this tumor before reporting it as a +primary adenocarcinoma of the larynx are discussed here with literature findings. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.03.006 +PMID: 21775179 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +789. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2011 Jul;11(6):643-60. doi: 10.1586/erm.11.46. + +T-SPOT.TB assay usage in adults and children. + +Soysal A(1), Bakir M. + +Author information: +(1)Marmara University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of +Pediatric Infectious Diseases, T.C. Sağlik Bakanlığı Marmara Üniversitesi +Hastanesi, Fevzi Çakmak Mahallesi, Mimar Sinan Caddesi, Üst-Kaynarca, Pendik, +Istanbul, Turkey. asoysal@marmara.edu.tr + +The diagnosis and treatment of TB infection is one of the public health +priorities. Until recently, diagnosis of TB infection has been based on the +tuberculin skin test (TST). However, this is neither 100% sensitive nor specific +for the diagnosis of TB infection owing to its many drawbacks. More recently, +T-cell-based IFN-γ release assays (IGRAs) have been developed. In this article, +we review the clinical performance of one of the IGRAs, T-SPOT.TB assay, for the +diagnosis of TB infection in adults and children. We discuss the principle of the +assay, its utility in active TB diseases, latent TB infection and the performance +of the test in specialized subgroups of patients, such as immunocompromised +individuals. When compared with the TST, the T-SPOT.TB assay has better +specificity in bacillus Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated individuals, and data suggest +that T-SPOT.TB may be more sensitive than the TST. Data in groups at high risk of +progression to disease support the idea that T-SPOT.TB performs better than the +TST. In addition, application of T-SPOT.TB by using bodily fluids such as +cerebrospinal fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and pleural fluid may offer new +diagnostic approaches in extrapulmonary TB disease. Although IGRAs cannot +distinguish active TB disease from latent TB infection, these assays perform +better than the TST for the detection of TB infection. + +DOI: 10.1586/erm.11.46 +PMID: 21745017 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +790. J Oral Pathol Med. 2012 Jan;41(1):73-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01061.x. +Epub 2011 Jul 8. + +Interleukin-2, interleukin-6 and T regulatory cells in peripheral blood of +patients with Behçet's disease and recurrent aphthous ulcerations. + +Pekiner FN(1), Aytugar E, Demirel GY, Borahan MO. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. fpekiner@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: One of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of Behçet disease +(BD) and recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU) is a cell-mediated immune response +in which several cytokines (interleukin-2, interleukin-6) and T regulatory cell +(T reg cell) population seem to play a major role. The aim of this study was to +measured the interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and analysis of +CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp-3(+) Treg cells in peripheral blood from patients with BD and +RAU. In addition; we also analysed peripheral blood from healthy subjects for +comparison. +METHODS: Thirty patients (15 men and 15 women) with BD, 30 patients (12 men and +18 women) with RAU and 15 healthy control subjects (nine men and six women) +participated in the study. Analysis of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp-3(+) Treg cells, IL-2 +and IL-6 levels have been measured in flow cytometry. +RESULTS: No statistical differences were observed in the serum levels of IL-2 and +IL-6 between BD and RAU patients, and healthy subjects. Although there were no +statistical differences in the number of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp-3(+) cells between +groups, there were statistically significant differences in the number of CD4(+) +CD25(bright) Treg cells. CD4(+) CD25(bright) Treg cells were significantly +increased in BD and RAU patients compared to healthy subjects. Statistical +analysis revealed no difference according to the number of CD4(+) CD25(bright) +cells between BD and RAU patients. +CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that CD4(+) CD25(bright) T regulatory cells +may be contributing factor in the pathogenesis of BD and RAU. + +© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01061.x +PMID: 21736625 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +791. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011 Jul;135(7):935-40. doi: 10.1043/2010-0414-CRR1.1. + +Emergence of a high-grade sarcoma in a recurrent meningioma: malignant +progression or collision tumor? + +Oz B(1), Pekmezci M, Dashti R, Karaman K, Kuday C, Tihan T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Anaplastic meningiomas that resemble sarcomas often reveal clues to their +meningothelial differentiation or develop in a plausible setting that confirms +their meningothelial origin. Malignant mesenchymal neoplasms without obvious +evidence of meningothelial differentiation or origin are more likely to be true +primary or metastatic sarcomas. Because of their clinical and biological +differences, it is important to distinguish anaplastic meningioma from a sarcoma. +We present a 67-year-old woman with multiple meningiomas, who developed a +high-grade spindle cell tumor 6 months after the resection of a World Health +Organization grade I meningioma. It was not clear whether this tumor represented +a malignant transformation of meningioma or a primary sarcoma. Malignant +transformation of a meningioma is exceptional within this short period and a +coexisting sarcoma and meningioma are equally uncommon. Even though these +malignant neoplasms are rare in general, they appear to be more prevalent in +patients with multiple meningiomas including those with neurofibromatosis type 2. + +DOI: 10.1043/2010-0414-CRR1.1 +PMID: 21732786 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +792. Diagn Cytopathol. 2013 Jan;41(1):28-34. doi: 10.1002/dc.21755. Epub 2011 Jun 16. + +Palpable lesions as a diagnostic tool in patients with thoracic pathology. + +Yener NA(1), Midi A, Cubuk R, Orki A, Onar C, Ersev A, Arman B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Maltepe University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +nese.yener@yahoo.com + +Palpable lesion(s) noticed in a patient with thoracic disease may be a useful +diagnostic tool and it often gives a clue for further management. In this study, +we searched the diagnostic value of palpable lesions in patients with thoracic +pathology suspected clinically and/or radiologically. We prospectively examined +the correlations of clinical/radiologic and pathologic findings of 72 palpable +lesions from 68 patients who presented with suspect for a thoracic disease from +two tertiary medical centers. Thirty-two lesions (44.4%) were diagnosed as +malignant either by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) only or FNA with confirmatory +biopsy. The most common malignancy was non-small-cell carcinoma (10) followed by +adenocarcinoma (6), and small-cell carcinoma (5). The most common localization of +the palpable lesions was cervical region (20.8%) followed by left supraclavicular +(13.8%) and anterior chest wall (13.8%). FNA was effective in obtaining an +accurate diagnosis in 66.6% of the patients. Tissue confirmation of FNA was +performed in 54 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive +value, and positive predictive value of FNA in distinguishing a malignant lesion +from a benign disease for these palpable lesions were 75, 97, 96, and 80, +respectively. One false negativity and one false positivity were also found. +Abnormal radiologic features were not correlated with having a malignant palpable +lesion. Evaluation of the palpable lesions by FNA and tissue biopsy together is +effective for initial triage of the patients with suspect for a thoracic +pathology. FNA alone is a convenient and easy method for this purpose especially +when the material is immediately assessed for specimen adequacy. + +Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21755 +PMID: 21681977 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +793. Pathol Oncol Res. 2012 Apr;18(2):153-60. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9421-8. Epub +2011 Jun 18. + +CD10 expression in epithelial and stromal cells of non-small cell lung carcinoma +(NSCLC): a clinic and pathologic correlation. + +Gürel D(1), Kargı A, Karaman I, Onen A, Unlü M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, +Turkey. duygu.gurel@deu.edu.tr + +CD10 is a zinc dependent metallopeptidase, and its expression in stromal and/or +epithelial cells of many carcinomas has been suggested to have prognostic value. +This study investigates CD10 expression in epithelial and stromal cells of non +small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and evaluates its prognostic value for this +tumor and its histologic subtypes. Sixty-six cases of NSCLC [35 cases of +nonsquamous cell carcinoma (NSCC) and 31 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)] +were analyzed immuno-histochemically for CD10 antibody. Fisher's exact test and +univariate survival analyses were performed. Comparison of clinicopathologic +characteristics for NSCLC showed that only stromal CD10 expression had worse +prognostic impact, associated with the presence of recurrence (p = 0.001), death +(p = 0.006) and disease positivity (p = 0.001). For SCC, CD10 was found to be +expressed mainly in the stromal cells, and was associated with a decreased +survival (p = 0.000) and disease free survival (p = 0.000). CD10 expression was +restricted to the epithelial cells in NSCC and associated with an increased +disease free survival (p = 0.036). Stromal CD10 expression apppears to be a worse +prognostic factor in NSCLCs. CD10 which is expressed in different cell components +of SCC and NSCC appears to have opposing effects on the behaviour of these +histologic types. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9421-8 +PMID: 21681600 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +794. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Jul 15;207(7):423-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.05.005. Epub +2011 Jun 15. + +SOX4 expression levels in urothelial bladder carcinoma. + +Gunes S(1), Yegin Z, Sullu Y, Buyukalpelli R, Bagci H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty +of Medicine, 55139, Samsun, Turkey. sgunes@omu.edu.tr + +High levels of SOX4 gene expression have been reported in a variety of human +cancers. The protein may function in the apoptosis pathway, leading to cell death +as well as to tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels +of SOX4 expression in bladder cancer. Urinary bladder tumor samples were obtained +from 57 bladder cancer and 13 normal bladder biopsies. The levels of SOX4 +expression in bladder cancer were determined by immunohistochemistry and +real-time PCR. SOX4 gene expression was increased 2.2 times in bladder tumors as +compared with normal tissue. The presence of protein was confirmed by +immunostaining. There were significant differences between immunostaining of +bladder tumors and normal bladder tissue (P=0.001). The present data suggest that +SOX4 gene may have a role in bladder cancer tumorigenesis. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.05.005 +PMID: 21680105 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +795. Pathol Oncol Res. 2012 Jan;18(1):25-31. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9412-9. Epub 2011 +Jun 15. + +Stromal expression of CD34, α-smooth muscle actin and CD26/DPPIV in squamous cell +carcinoma of the skin: a comparative immunohistochemical study. + +Kacar A(1), Arikok AT, Kokenek Unal TD, Onder E, Hucumenoglu S, Alper M. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Ankara Children's Hematology and Oncology Hospital, +Turkey. ayperkacar@yahoo.com + +Invasion pathogenesis is one of the most complicated issues in the literature. +There are numerous studies concerning the tumor markers implicated in the +preinvasive-invasive tumor sequence. Despite ample studies on the invasion +pathogenesis of cutaneous melanomas, there is limited and dispersed work +presently available on non-melanoma skin cancer. The vast knowledge in the +literature concerning this issue in squamous cell carcinoma comes mostly from the +studies of the oral cavity, esophagus, larynx, and cervix. In this study, we +investigated tumor-free neighboring stroma and tumor stroma in squamous cell +carcinomas (SCCs) of the skin as well as keratoacanthomas (KAs) with respect to +the presence of stromal CD34-positive (CD34+) fibrocytes and α-smooth muscle +actin-positive (α-SMA+) myofibroblasts using seborrheic keratosis (SKs) and +non-tumoral skin samples as controls. We also evaluated the stromal expression +pattern of CD26/DPPIV (CD26), a tumor suppressor gene product that also has +immunoregulatory properties. Immunohistochemistry was performed on samples of 31 +SCC, 8 KA, 15 SK and 10 non-tumoral skin samples. Peri-tumoral stroma from +resection margins was also evaluated. We found that CD34 and α-SMA demonstrated +significantly different staining between benign and malignant squamous skin +lesions consisting of a loss of CD34+ fibrocytes paralleled by a gain of α-SMA+ +myofibroblasts in malignant tumor stroma. Additionally, it was shown that CD26 +expression was lower in tumor stroma when compared to that of tumor neighboring +stroma. However, we concluded that this finding may be attributable to the solar +elastosis areas in the peritumoral tissue, which shows diffuse strong positivity +for this marker. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9412-9 +PMID: 21674250 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +796. Hum Pathol. 2011 Dec;42(12):2025-8. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2010.05.032. Epub 2011 +Jun 12. + +Intraglomerular crescentic metastases of malignant melanoma. + +Ozluk Y(1), Kilicaslan I, Kazancioglu R, Demirkesen C, Derin D, Mandel NM. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +34098 Istanbul, Turkey. yasozluk@gmail.com + +We describe here a patient with a metastatic malignant melanoma displaying +crescentic lesions in the glomeruli. A 64-year-old woman was referred to our +hospital because of a sudden increase of serum creatinine. Clinical diagnosis +suggested rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Renal biopsy revealed diffuse +crescentic lesions containing metastatic melanoma cells. These cells were also +seen in the glomerular capillary lumina and tubules, and a few scattered tumor +cells were also present in the interstitium. Glomerular metastasis is a very rare +entity. To the best of our knowledge, this patient is the first to be described +in the English language literature showing intraglomerular metastasis of +malignant melanoma as demonstrated by needle biopsy and is only the second +patient with intraglomerular metastasis presenting with acute renal failure. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2010.05.032 +PMID: 21663939 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +797. Diagn Cytopathol. 2012 Aug;40(8):737-40. doi: 10.1002/dc.21727. Epub 2011 Jun 7. + +Extrinsic allergic alveolitis as an uncommon diagnostic pitfall in lung cytology. + +Midi A(1), Yener NA, Orki A, Cubuk R, Ersev A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Maltepe University, Maltepe, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +House paints, the industrial products of toxic chemicals are known to be linked +with severe respiratory disturbances especially in inadequately ventilated +places. In this study, we aimed to report a biopsy-proven case of extrinsic +allergic alveolitis (EAA) who presented with nonspecific respiratory symptoms 1 +month after having her whole house interior painted. At CT scanning, we observed +the ground glass opacities and the micronodular pattern typical for EAA and also +a solid, consolidative lung area, highly suggestive of malignancy. The case +initially was misinterpreted as a malignant tumor both radiologically and +cytologically at CT-guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy. The final +pathologic diagnosis was given as EAA on frozen section performed during +thoracotomy operation. The patient received short-term steroid treatment and has +been doing well for the last 7 months after her operation. As a conclusion, when +assessing a cytologic material from a patient who has got a solid lung mass and +also a history of chemical dye exposure, consolidative mass formation which is a +rare form of EAA should always be kept in mind. Another final point is that the +appropriate ventilation should be achieved if the exposure with the house paint +chemicals is inevitable. + +Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21727 +PMID: 21656702 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +798. Acta Neuropathol. 2011 Jul;122(1):1-9. doi: 10.1007/s00401-011-0847-6. Epub 2011 +Jun 9. + +Brain microvascular pericytes in health and disease. + +Dalkara T(1), Gursoy-Ozdemir Y, Yemisci M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurological +Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +tdalkara@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Pericytes are located at periphery of the microvessel wall and wrap it with their +processes. They communicate with other cells of the neurovascular unit by direct +contact or through signaling pathways and regulate several important +microcirculatory functions. These include development and maintenance of the +blood-brain barrier (BBB), distribution of the capillary blood flow to match the +local metabolic need of the nearby cells, and angiogenesis. Pericytes also +exhibit phagocytic activity and may function as pluripotent stem cells. +Increasing evidence suggests a role for pericytes in a wide range of CNS +diseases. They appear to be vulnerable to oxygen and nitrogen radical toxicity +and have been shown to contract during cerebral ischemia and remain contracted +despite reopening of the occluded artery. This causes impaired re-flow and may +diminish the benefit of re-canalization therapies in stroke patients. +Hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction of the signaling pathways between pericytes and +endothelia is thought to play an important role in diabetic retinopathy, a common +cause of blindness. Amyloid deposits detected within degenerating pericytes in +the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease suggest that pericyte dysfunction +may play a role in cerebral hypoperfusion and impaired amyloid β-peptide +clearance in Alzheimer's disease. This exciting possibility may reveal a novel +temporal sequence of events in chronic neurodegeneration, in which microvascular +dysfunction due to pericyte degeneration initiates secondary neurodegenerative +changes. Identification of molecular mechanisms by which pericytes regulate BBB +integrity in inflammatory conditions as well as in vasogenic brain edema may lead +to new treatments. Pericytes may also take part in tissue repair and +vascularization after CNS injury. In conclusion, although the evidence is just +emerging and mostly preliminary, disclosing pericytes' role in the +pathophysiology of CNS diseases may yield exciting developments and novel +treatments. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00401-011-0847-6 +PMID: 21656168 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +799. Cytopathology. 2012 Dec;23(6):408-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2011.00877.x. Epub +2011 Jun 6. + +Oncocytic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymphocytic stroma +(Warthin-like variant): report of a case with fine needle aspiration cytology and +review of the literature. + +Paker I(1), Kokenek TD, Yılmazer D, Seker GE, Alper M. + +Author information: +(1)2nd Department of Pathology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. iremonur@yahoo.com + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2011.00877.x +PMID: 21645139 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +800. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Apr-Jun;54(2):381-3. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.81651. + +High ferritin and myoglobin level in legionella pneumonia: a case report and +review of literature. + +Karabay O(1), Tuna N, Ogutlu A, Gozdas HT. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sakarya Training +and Research Hospital, Turkey. drkarabay@yahoo.com + +Legionella pneumophila is a cause of both community- and hospital-acquired +pneumonia and might cause high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early +diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antibiotics is crucial. Many clinical +and laboratory abnormalities can be observed in the course of Legionella +pneumonia. In this study, we aimed to present simultaneously increased serum +ferritin and myoglobin level in a legionella case with reference to the relevant +literature. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.81651 +PMID: 21623098 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +801. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Apr-Jun;54(2):355-8. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.79972. + +Relation of hepatitis B core antigen expression with histological activity, serum +HBeAg, and HBV DNA levels. + +Sari A(1), Dere Y, Pakoz B, Calli A, Unal B, Tunakan M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Ataturk Researh and Training Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. aysegulakder@gmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a potentially life-threatening liver +infection which may progress to liver failure and cirrhosis. Intrahepatic +expression patterns of viral antigens detected by immunohistochemistry may have +prognostic implications in disease process. +AIM: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the HBV core +antigen (HBcAg) expression and histological activity index (HAI), fibrosis, serum +hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) status and HBV DNA levels in patients with chronic +HBV infection. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 114 liver biopsies from patients with chronic +HBV infection were included in the study. Immunohistochemical expression of HBcAg +and its relation with HAI, fibrosis, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, +HBeAg status and HBV DNA levels were assessed. +RESULTS: The presence of nuclear expression of HBcAg did not show any +correlations with ALT levels, HAI and fibrosis score. When the groups were +categorized according to the HBeAg status, nuclear HBcAg expression was found to +be high in HBeAg positive patients. However, HBcAg nuclear expression showed +significant correlations with HBV DNA levels and fibrosis scores in HBeAg +negative but not HBeAg positive patients. HBV DNA levels were also significantly +associated with HAI and fibrosis scores in HBeAg negative patients. +CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences found between HBeAg positive and negative +patients suggest that HBeAg negative disease is different from HBeAg positive +disease, and also point outs that in HBeAg negative disease, patients with +nuclear HBcAg expression and increased levels of HBV DNA levels are at a higher +risk of developing progressive liver disease. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.79972 +PMID: 21623089 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +802. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Apr-Jun;54(2):335-8. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.81630. + +Immunohistochemical and morphologic findings in columnar cell lesions of the +breast. + +Demiralay E(1), Demirhan B, Kocbiyik A, Sar A, Altaca GL. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, +Turkey. ebrudemiralay@yahoo.co.uk + +BACKGROUND: Columnar cell lesions (CCLs) with or without atypia frequently +coexist with invasive or in situ breast carcinomas. In this study, 39 mastectomy +specimens containing CCLs coexisting with invasive carcinomas were +retrospectively analyzed for cellular characteristics and structural pattern of +CCL neighboring the tumor. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone +receptor (PR), and p53 antibodies in CCL and coexisting invasive tumors, type of +invasive tumor, histopathologic grade, and presence of atypia in CCL have been +studied. +RESULTS: Sixteen (41%) of all CCLs were with atypia, whereas 23 (59%) of them +were without atypia. No correlations were found between the presence of CCLs with +atypia and either the morphologic type of carcinoma or histopathologic grade of +the tumors. Presence of atypia in the CCL was not correlated with the expression +of p53 in the invasive tumors. CCLs without atypia dominated in Grade III tumors. +The percentages of CCLs without atypia were also higher in both ER (-) and PR (-) +tumors. +CONCLUSIONS: CCL with atypia is generally considered to be a precursor of +invasive carcinoma; however, in our study, CCLs without atypia more frequently +coexisted with breast carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.81630 +PMID: 21623085 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +803. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Apr-Jun;54(2):312-7. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.81611. + +Duodenal nodularity in children: a clinical and pathologic study of 17 cases. + +Gonul CD(1), Bilge C, Gazi KA, Filiz K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology +and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. +dinlerg@gmail.com + +AIMS: Duodenal nodularity is an uncommon endoscopic appearance of numerous +visible mucosal nodules in the proximal duodenum. In this retrospective study we +aimed to determine the clinical significance and histopathologic features of +duodenal nodularity in children. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of the patients who were defined to +have duodenal nodularity by endoscopy were reviewed. +STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The data were expressed as mean ± SD and percentages +(%). +RESULTS: Seventeen patients with endoscopically defined duodenal nodularity were +chosen. The mean age at diagnosis was 12.1 years (range: 6-17 years), 9 males. +Abdominal pain (47%) was the most common clinical symptom and antral nodularity +(41%) was the most common endoscopic finding in children with duodenal +nodularity. Histopathologic evaluation of duodenal nodules revealed chronic +inflammation in all patients, increased intercryptal and intraepithelial numbers +of eosinophils in 70.5%, and villous atrophy in 47% of patients. Giardia +infestation was demonstrated in 6 patients by histologic examination and/or +Giardia lamblia-specific antigen positivity in stools. The clinical diagnoses of +the patients have shown variations, such as celiac disease, giardiasis, secretory +IgA deficiency, and Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and some of them were +associated with the others. +CONCLUSIONS: Although the endoscopic appearance is similar, clinical spectrum and +pathologic features are not so similar and there are no specific histomorphologic +findings for nodularity. The most demonstrative findings we observed in children +were increased lymphocyte and/or eosinophil infiltration in the duodenal mucosa. +We suggested that care should be taken in the evaluation of microbiological and +immunologic etiologies causing this prominent inflammatory reaction. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.81611 +PMID: 21623080 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +804. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Apr-Jun;54(2):307-11. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.81608. + +Ki-67 and Bcl-2 in colorectal polyps with breast cancer. + +Gelincik I(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, +Turkey. ibrahimgelincik@mynet.com + +BACKGROUND: The most common second primary cancer in women who survive breast +cancer is colorectal cancer. Population cohort studies suggest that the risk of +colorectal cancer is also high in female relatives of women with breast cancer +compared to the general population. The histological distinction between a large +hyperplastic polyp and a serrated adenoma is not straightforward and there is +probably no sharp division between hyperplastic polyposis and 'serrated +adenomatous polyposis'. +AIM: The aim of the study was to define the distribution of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 +protein in hyperplastic colorectal polyps of women with breast cancer. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, controlled study was conducted in 40 +women with and without breast cancer who had hyperplastic colorectal polyps. The +patients were divided into two groups: Group A (a control group of women without +breast cancer, n = 20) and Group B (a study group of women with breast cancer, n += 20). The expression of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 protein was assessed on the basis of +quantity of immunostaining, by counting antigen positive cells, in comparison +with normal mucosa. Student's t-test and the chi-square test were used to analyse +Ki-67 and Bcl-2 expression, respectively. +RESULTS: Statistical significance was established at P < 0.05. The mean +percentage of Ki-67 stained nuclei in Groups A and B was 25.11 ± 2.07 and 41.51 ± +1.86, respectively (P < 0.003), whereas the percentage of cases with cells +expressing Bcl-2 in Groups A and B was 15% and 85%, respectively (P < 0.002). +CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, greater proliferative activity and greater +expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was found in the hyperplastic +colorectal polyps of women with breast cancer. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.81608 +PMID: 21623079 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +805. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(5):280-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.572956. Epub +2011 May 25. + +Placental transmission of novel pandemic influenza a virus. + +Kanmaz HG(1), Erdeve O, Oğz SS, Uras N, Celen S, Korukluoglu G, Zergeroglu S, +Kara A, Dilmen U. + +Author information: +(1)Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Division of Neonatology, +Ankara, Turkey. gzdekanmaz@yahoo.com + +The effects of maternal influenza on the fetus are not well understood. Viremia +is believed to occur infrequently and thus vertical transmission appears to be +rare. Highly pathogenic strains of influenza virus, such as avian influenza A +(H5N1), are more likely to be transmitted across the placenta. Placental tissues +of seven women with confirmed H1N1 infection were examined molecularly with +RT-PCR and microscopically to investigate whether H1N1 virus vertically +transmitted. We found no evidence for placental transmission of H1N1 virus in +this study. In the absence of vertical transmission, adverse effects like +neonatal seizures, encephalopathy, cerebral palsy, and even neonatal death can +still occur. Since a significant knowledge gap exists for the effects of this +novel virus on the fetus, further studies will be beneficial. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.572956 +PMID: 21612336 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +806. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(5):275-9. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.572955. Epub +2011 May 25. + +Neurocytoma arising in an adrenal gland mature teratoma. + +Ersoz S(1), Kucuk H, Mungan S, Turgutalp H, Imamoglu M, Kosucu P. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, +Trabzon, Turkey. ersozs@yahoo.com + +Mature teratoma of adrenal gland is a rare entity. Neurocytoma is a low grade +neuronal tumor even rarely seen among central nervous system tumors. Nervous +system tumors arising in teratomas are frequently originated from glial or +primitive neuroectodermal cells. Here we report a neurocytoma arising in mature +cystic teratoma in the right adrenal gland of an 8 years old boy. Histological +examination revealed a tumor composed of solid sheets in fibrillar basis with +small uniform cells in the neuroglial tissue in teratoma. This is only the second +case demonstrating a neurocytoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma in the +literature. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.572955 +PMID: 21612327 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +807. Diagn Cytopathol. 2011 Jun;39(6):402-8. doi: 10.1002/dc.21400. Epub 2010 May 25. + +Primary malignant deciduoid peritoneal mesothelioma: a report of the +cytohistological and immunohistochemical appearances. + +Ustun H(1), Astarci HM, Sungu N, Ozdemir A, Ekinci C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. nuransungu@gmail.com + +Malignant deciduoid mesothelioma (MDM) is a rare variant of epithelioid +mesothelioma. This type of tumor might be associated with the asbestos exposure +and carries a poor prognosis in general. MDM was first described by Nascimento et +al. in 1994 in a peritoneal lesion of a young woman. And its diagnosis is +frequently mistaken with florid mesothelial hyperplasia and peritoneal +deciduosis. There are 44 MDM cases reported in the literature up today. A +59-year-old woman patient referred to our clinic was identified with an abdominal +mass. Computed tomography of whole abdomen of the patient showed a mass with the +widest transverse dimension of 65 × 60 mm at abdominal bifurcation in the +mesenteric region. The patient was diagnosed with MDM after the cytopathological +examination of the fine needle aspiration biopsy performed from the mass. +Consequently, she received a total mass excision and right hemicolectomy under +general anesthesia. The cytomorphological appearance of the ascitic fluid is +detailed for the first time by Gillespie et al. and is described only in two +manuscripts. In the present study, we aimed to report a case of a 59-year-old +woman since she was diagnosed with MDM and because her cytological findings were +further supported by histomorphological and immunohistochemical evaluations of +the operation material obtained from the patient. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21400 +PMID: 21574260 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +808. Pol J Pathol. 2011;62(1):19-24. + +Immunohistochemical study of E-cadherin and β-catenin expression in colorectal +carcinomas. + +Ozgüven BY(1), Karaçetin D, Kabukçuoğlu F, Taşkin T, Yener Ş. + +Author information: +(1)Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Pathology Laboratory, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Parameters of histological type, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and stage +have been observed to indicate the prognosis of colorectal carcinomas. +Immunohistochemically E-cadherin and β -catenin expression of tumour cells have +been evaluated to define life expectancy, response to the treatment, metastatic +disease and recurrence of tumour in correlation with these prognostic parameters. +60 cases diagnosed as colorectal adenocarcinoma were selected to be studied +retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry was performed using E-cadherin and β +-catenin primary antibodies and avidin-biotin-peroxidase. 53 of 60 adenocarcinoma +tissues were evaluated as classical type adenocarcinoma and 7 of them as mucinous +carcinoma. 48 classical type adenocarcinoma tissues showed membranous staining +for E-cadherin, 13 tissues showed cytoplasmic staining. All 53 adenocarcinoma +tissues expressed nuclear or membranous type β -catenin in different intensities. +Reduced E-cadherin expression significantly correlated with lymph nodes +metastasis (p = 0.01). E-cadherin expression significantly correlated with +increasing histological differentiation (p = 0.04). When E-cadherin and β +-catenin expressions were compared, there was a significant difference between +the tumour stage, histological differentiation and the existence of lymph node +metastasis. When both E-cadherin and β -catenin expressions were reduced, there +was a significant unfavourable prognosis. + + +PMID: 21574102 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +809. APMIS. 2011 Jun;119(6):364-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02741.x. Epub 2011 +Apr 8. + +Antimicrobial effect of adjunctive use of chlorhexidine mouthrinse in untreated +gingivitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. + +Becerik S(1), Türkoğlu O, Emingil G, Vural C, Ozdemir G, Atilla G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, +Turkey. semacinar@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of chlorhexidine +mouthrinse (CHX) in addition to daily plaque control on subgingival microbiota in +patients with untreated gingivitis. Fifty gingivitis patients were randomized to +CHX or placebo groups. CHX group rinsed with 0.2% CHX, while placebo group rinsed +with placebo mouthrinse for 4 weeks. Subgingival plaque samples were collected +and plaque index (PI), papilla bleeding index (PBI), calculus index, and probing +pocket depth (PPD) were recorded at baseline and at 4 weeks. The amounts of +Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella +intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and total bacteria +were detected by quantitative real-time PCR method. In the CHX group the total +bacteria count was significantly reduced in posterior teeth at 4 weeks (p < +0.05), while no significant decrease was observed in the placebo group (p > +0.05). CHX mouthrinse as an adjunct to daily plaque control could be useful in +the management of plaque-associated gingivitis and in reducing the subgingival +total bacteria count especially in posterior teeth. + +© 2011 The Authors. APMIS © 2011 APMIS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02741.x +PMID: 21569094 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +810. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 Jun;35(6):891-7. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318215f732. + +Intra-articular epithelioid sarcoma showing mixed classic and proximal-type +features: report of 2 cases, with immunohistochemical and molecular cytogenetic +INI-1 study. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Kaygusuz G, Bahrami A, Raimondi SC, Kilicarslan K, Yildiz Y, +Folpe AL. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara University School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +Epithelioid sarcoma, a rare sarcoma with epithelial differentiation, most often +occurs in the distal extremities; however, it may occur in essentially any +location. With the recent recognition that the loss of expression of the +tumor-suppressor gene INI-1 may be associated with epithelioid sarcoma, it has +become clear that epithelioid sarcoma may occur in previously unsuspected +locations such as bone. Only 2 cases of intra-articular epithelioid sarcoma have +been previously reported. We retrieved 2 intra-articular cases coded as +epithelioid sarcoma from our archives. Both expressed cytokeratins (AE1/AE3 and +OSCAR), CD34, vimentin, and epithelial membrane antigen, and showed complete loss +of expression of INI-1. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed on +formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections by using a laboratory-developed +dual-color probe containing INI1 (CTD-2511E13 and CTD-2034E7) (22q11.2) (OR) and +PANX2 (RPCI3-402G11) (22q13.33) (GR) probes as control. Both cases occurred in a +clearly intra-articular location in the knee. Case 1 was that of a 19-year-old +man with a long-standing history of pain and limited joint function. This patient +was disease free after amputation. Case 2 was that of a 60-year-old woman. +Follow-up information available for this patient showed bilateral subpleural +metastases. Morphologically, case 1 showed features of proximal-type epithelioid +sarcoma, whereas case 2 showed mixed features of classic and proximal-type +epithelioid sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry showed complete loss of INI-1 protein +in both cases; fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses were negative for +INI-1 gene deletion. Herein, we have reported 2 cases of intra-articular +epithelioid sarcoma, showing morphologic and immunohistochemical features +identical to those of epithelioid sarcoma in conventional locations, including +loss of INI-1 expression. Intra-articular epithelioid sarcoma should be +distinguished from malignant pigmented villonodular synovitis and from carcinoma +metastatic to the synovium. Improved recognition of this rare clinical +presentation should allow for better understanding of its unique features. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318215f732 +PMID: 21566521 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +811. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2012 Mar;33(1):54-7. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e31821c09fe. + +A serious medicolegal problem after surgery: gossypiboma. + +Gümüş M(1), Gümüş H, Kapan M, Onder A, Tekbaş G, Baç B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, +Turkey. metehangumus@yahoo.com + +After surgery, the most common foreign bodies retained in the abdominal cavity +are the surgical sponges. The aim of the present study was to emphasize the +importance of gossypiboma, which is a serious and medicolegal problem. The +records of 12 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of gossypiboma after abdominal +surgery at Dicle University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed between +January 1994 and December 2009. Eight of the 12 patients were females, and 4 were +males. Previously, 7 patients had been operated on electively, and 5 had +undergone operations on an emergency basis. Abdominal ultrasonography clearly +demonstrated gossypibomas in 5 patients, and computed tomography demonstrated a +more precise image of retained surgical sponges in 3 patients. One patient died +because of ventricular fibrillation; the other 11 patients were discharged in +good health. To eliminate the risk of gossypibomas, all sponges should be counted +at least twice (once preoperatively and once postoperatively); use of small +sponges should be avoided during laparotomy, and only sponges with radiopaque +markers should be used. The surgeon should explore the abdomen before closure. In +cases in which the sponge count is uncertain, an abdominal x-ray should be +performed before closure. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e31821c09fe +PMID: 21562399 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +812. Endocr Pathol. 2011 Jun;22(2):58-65. doi: 10.1007/s12022-011-9160-0. + +Classical and follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma: comparison of +clinical, ultrasonographical, cytological, and histopathological features in 444 +patients. + +Ozdemir D(1), Ersoy R, Cuhaci N, Arpaci D, Ersoy EP, Korukluoglu B, Guler G, +Cakir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara Ataturk Education and +Research Hospital, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. sendidem2002@yahoo.com + +Follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is the most common variant +of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after classical PTC (CPTC). In this study, +we aimed to compare functional status, ultrasonographical features, cytological +results, and histopathological characteristics of patients with CPTC and FVPTC. +Preoperative thyroid functions, thyroid autoantibodies, ultrasonographical +features, cytology, and histopathology results of 354 (79.9%) CPTC and 90 (20.3%) +FVPTC patients were reviewed retrospectively. Sex distribution, mean age, thyroid +autoantibody positivity, and thyroid dysfunctions were similar in two groups. +Among 320 patients with preoperative ultrasonography (US) findings, a hypoechoic +halo was observed more frequently (p=0.003), and marginal irregularity was +observed less commonly (p=0.024) in FVPTC lesions. In CPTC, rate of malignant +cytology (p=0.001), and in FVPTC, rate of suspicious cytology (p<0.001) were +significantly higher. Histopathologically, mean tumor diameter was markedly +higher in FVPTC compared to CPTC (16.89 ± 13.86 vs 10.64 ± 9.70 mm, p<0.001), +while capsular invasion and extrathyroidal spread were significantly lower in +patients with FVPTC (p=0.018 and p=0.039, respectively). FVPTC tend to have more +benign features in US and less malignant results in cytology. Higher tumor size +in FVPTC might be explained by the recognition of clinical importance of these +lesions after reaching particular sizes due to benign US features. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-011-9160-0 +PMID: 21556739 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +813. Endocr Pathol. 2011 Jun;22(2):74-8. doi: 10.1007/s12022-011-9161-z. + +The evaluation of argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region proteins in +fine-needle aspiration samples of thyroid. + +Eroz R(1), Cucer N, Karaca Z, Unluhizarci K, Ozturk F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Duzce University Medical School, Duzce, +Turkey. receperoz@duzce.edu.tr + +Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region associated proteins (AgNORs) have been +shown to be of interest in a variety of different diseases including thyroid +disorders. Our aim was to distinguish benign thyroid lesions from papillary +thyroid carcinoma (PTC) via AgNOR count and with a new approach, via AgNOR +surface area/total nuclear surface area (NORa/TNa) proportions in the nuclei on +fine-needle aspiration (FNA) materials. Thirty patients (eight men and 22 women) +whose FNA was compatible with benign lesion and 26 patients (eight men and 18 +women) whose FNA was compatible with PTC were included in the study. Fine-needle +aspiration materials were stained for AgNOR detection according to a specific +protocol. One hundred nuclei per individual have been evaluated, and AgNOR number +and NORa/TNa proportions of individual cells were measured and calculated by +using a computer program. Patients with PTC had significantly (p<0.001) higher +AgNOR count (4.6 ± 1.2%) than in the patients with benign lesions (2.0 ± 0.5%). +Additionally, patients with PTC had significantly (p<0.001) higher NORa/TNa (13.4 +± 2.4) than in the patients with benign lesion (5.7 ± 1.0). Modified method of +AgNOR staining is an easy and reliable method for evaluating proliferation +activity of cells in malignant and benign thyroid lesions and it may contribute +to routine cytopathology in inconclusive situations. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-011-9161-z +PMID: 21556738 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +814. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2011 Dec;32(4):355-8. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318219ca74. + +Forearm bones and sexual variation in Turkish population. + +Uzün I(1), Işcan MY, Celbiş O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty Mediterranean University, +Antalya, Turkey. atkdr_ibrahim@yahoo.com + +Forensic anthropologists are aware that there are considerable differences +between human populations and therefore develop study models for each skeletal +population. The purpose of this study was to analyze forearm bones obtained from +forensic settings in Turkey. The sample consists of 42 males and 38 females with +an average age of 40 and 36 years, respectively. Numerous measurements were taken +from the radius and ulna including lengths (in millimeters), midshaft diameters, +and epiphyseal breadths (0.01 mm). Individuals with any anomaly and pathology +were not included in the investigation. A stepwise analysis, when applied to +individual bones, selected only length and midshaft transverse dimension in the +radius and length only in the ulna. When the length was excluded from the +statistic, head diameter and distal breadth of the radius and distal minimum head +and midshaft anteroposterior diameters of the ulna provided the best predicting +functions. Classification results were 92% for the radius and 91% for the ulna. +For the incomplete bones, the accuracy rates were about 92% and 83%, +respectively. In conclusion, a sex determination was made, in different rates of +accuracy, in the human skeleton. Correct assessment can vary among populations. +Dimorphism in our region forearm bones is greater than American whites. This +supported the hypothesis that human variation is diverse, and population +difference should be taken into account when osteometric standards are applied to +others. Further studies are needed to understand why the forearm is more +dimorphic in Turks. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318219ca74 +PMID: 21546820 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +815. Diagn Cytopathol. 2012 May;40(5):388-93. doi: 10.1002/dc.21658. Epub 2011 Apr 28. + +Diagnostic value of liquid-based (Liqui-PREP) preparations and interobserver +reproducibility in fine needle aspiration cytology of the nodular thyroid +lesions. + +Tetikkurt US(1), Oz Puyan F, Oz F, Erdogan N, Ceylan S, Yakupoglu A. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. +umitseza@gmail.com + +The aim of this study is to define the diagnostic role of Liqui-Prep (LP) +technique for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions and to assess interobserver +variabilities. In all, 98 thyroid FNA (fine needle aspiration) cytology samples +from 83 patients for preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules, prepared by the +LP, were examined. The LP slides were independently evaluated by three +pathologists and they were classified into the five categories according to the +Bethesda system. The histopathologic diagnoses were grouped as follows: benign, +follicular neoplasm, and malignant. Agreements between LP and histopathologic +diagnoses were investigated using kappa values. Marginal homogenity and kappa +tests were used for statistical analysis for the evaluation of the agreement +between the pathologists and the interobserver variability of the thyroid +aspiration cytology results. The presence of nucleoli, nuclear grooving, +overlapping, intranuclear inclusion, and nuclear irregularity were recorded and +scored on each case based on LP slide review. Concurrences between LP and the +histologic diagnoses for the three pathologists were almost perfect (k = 0.798; k += 0.826; k = 0.880). When the observers were paired there was no significant +difference from the diagnostic point of view. Interobserver agreement among the +three pathologists was moderate. Initially diagnostic difficulties may occur +because of the inadequate experience of the pathologists concerning the +evaluation of the cytologic changes associated with this new technique. +Liqui-Prep technique is useful for the cytologic diagnosis of the thyroid +nodules. The nuclear irregularity was the most essential feature for the +differentiation of malignant lesions from follicular neoplasm by the LP method. + +Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21658 +PMID: 21538948 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +816. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Jun 15;207(6):359-65. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.03.003. Epub +2011 Apr 30. + +Hepatic granulomas: a clinicopathologic analysis of 86 cases. + +Turhan N(1), Kurt M, Ozderin YO, Kurt OK. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Teaching and Research +Hospital, Kizilay Sk. No: 2, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +nesrinturhan@hotmail.com + +The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and histopathological +characteristics of hepatic granulomas. All records of liver biopsies/resections +evaluated in our pathology department between 2002 and 2009 were retrospectively +reviewed. Specimens with hepatic granulomas were reexamined by a designated +pathologist. Type and localization of granulomas, size of granulomas and +epithelioid histiocytes, and the morphological findings of surrounding liver +tissue were recorded in an attempt to establish a correlation with relevant +clinical, laboratory and radiological findings. Out of 1420 liver biopsy/resected +specimens evaluated at our institution during the study period, 86 cases of +epithelioid cell granulomas (6.05%) were observed. Of the 86 cases, 23 were men +and 63 were women. The most common underlying etiology was PBC in 38 patients, +infections in 34, malignancies in five, sarcoidosis in four, and foreign bodies +in three patients. One case (1.2%) of a drug-induced hepatic granuloma was +encountered, while another case was deemed idiopathic (of unknown etiology). +Contrary to common belief, granulomas were observed not only in early stage PBC +but also in cases with stage 3 disease. Out of all the PBC cases with granulomas, +55.6% had stage 3 disease, and besides periductal granulomas, intraacinar +granulomas were also seen. For sarcoidosis, intra- and peri-granulomatous +fibrosis was observed in as many as 75% of cases. A large majority of granulomas +(82.4%) associated with infections were of the necrotizing type. Extensive +evaluation of the morphological characteristics of hepatic granulomas and +surrounding liver tissue along with clinical, radiological, and other laboratory +findings may help arrive at an accurate diagnosis in a majority of cases. Rather +than being a final diagnosis, the presence of hepatic granulomas entails the need +for further investigations towards identifying the underlying etiology, with a +pathologist being at the center of the diagnostic process. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.03.003 +PMID: 21531083 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +817. Endocr Pathol. 2011 Jun;22(2):86-96. doi: 10.1007/s12022-011-9157-8. + +Differential expression of a set of genes in follicular and classic variants of +papillary thyroid carcinoma. + +Igci YZ(1), Arslan A, Akarsu E, Erkilic S, Igci M, Oztuzcu S, Cengiz B, Gogebakan +B, Cakmak EA, Demiryurek AT. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, +27310, Gaziantep, Turkey. igci@gantep.edu.tr + +Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) is currently the best initial diagnostic test +for evaluation of a thyroid nodule. FNA cytology cannot discriminate between +benign and malignant thyroid nodules in up to 30% of thyroid nodules. Therefore, +an adjunct to FNA is needed to clarify these lesions as benign or malignant. +Using differential display-polymerase chain reaction method, the gene expression +differences between follicular and classic variants of papillary thyroid +carcinoma (PTC) and benign thyroid nodules were evaluated in a group of 42 +patients. Computational gene function analyses via Cytoscape, FuncBASE, and +GeneMANIA led us to a functional network of 17 genes in which a core sub-network +of five genes coexists. Although the exact mechanisms underlying in thyroid +cancer biogenesis are not currently known, our data suggest that the pattern of +transformation from healthy cells to cancer cells of PTC is different in +follicular variant than in classic variant. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-011-9157-8 +PMID: 21509594 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +818. Tissue Antigens. 2011 Jul;78(1):56-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01675.x. Epub +2011 Apr 21. + +Association of the PTPN22 gene polymorphism with autoantibody positivity in +Turkish rheumatoid arthritis patients. + +Ates A(1), Karaaslan Y, Karatayli E, Ertuğrul E, Aksaray S, Türkyilmaz A, Ozet G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Rheumatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Ankara, Turkey. ates@medicine.ankara.edu.tr + +The PTPN22 C1858T gene polymorphism has been recently reported to be associated +with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in European and North American ancestry. In +contrast, the frequency of PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism is extremely rare in Asian +and African populations. As the genetic heterogeneity between populations is +clearly present in RA, we wanted to investigate whether the PTPN22 C1858T +polymorphism is associated with RA in Turkey and with autoantibody positivity. A +total of 323 RA patients and 426 healthy controls were genotyped by polymerase +chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism for the PTPN22 C1858T +polymorphism (rs2476601). The frequencies of heterozygote genotype (CT) were 8.4% +in RA patients and 5.4% in the healthy controls, respectively [odds ratio (OR): +1.6, P = 0.14]. The homozygote genotype (T/T) was absent in both RA patients and +the healthy controls. When compared with the healthy controls, we found the +significant associations between the frequency of PTPN22 heterozygote (CT) +polymorphism and RA patients with RF positivity and anti-CCP positivity, +respectively (OR: 2.05, P = 0.04 and OR: 2.1, P = 0.03, respectively). Our study +suggests that the PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism acts as a susceptibility gene for +autoantibody-positive RA in Turkey. + +© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01675.x +PMID: 21506938 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +819. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 May 15;207(5):285-9. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.01.011. Epub +2011 Apr 13. + +Prognostic importance of Claudin-1 and Claudin-4 expression in colon carcinomas. + +Ersoz S(1), Mungan S, Cobanoglu U, Turgutalp H, Ozoran Y. + +Author information: +(1)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Trabzon, Turkey. ersozs@yahoo.com + +In this study, we analyzed Claudin-1 and Claudin-4 expressions in colon +carcinomas. We investigated the relationship between the expression of these +tight junction proteins and clinicopathologic parameters. Claudin-1 and 4 +expressions were determined by immunohistochemical methods, and the rate of cells +expressing these tight junction proteins were calculated with stereologic +methods. Fifty-nine colon cancer cases were enrolled in the study group. +Claudin-1 and 4 expressions were found to be significantly lower in cases with +lymph node metastasis. Mean staining rates of Claudin-1 and 4 in lymph node (+) +cases were 36.1±20.1 and 58±28.9, while in lymph node (-) cases, these were +63.8±25.9 and 72.3±25.6, respectively (p=0.0005 for Claudin-1, p=0.049 for +Claudin-4). The mean staining rate for Claudin-1 in adenomatous polyps was +significantly higher than incarcinomas (77.13±23.4 and 50.6±26.93, respectively) +(p=0.003), while it was quite similar for Claudin-4 (65.4±26.9 and 65.3±27.9, +respectively). In this study, we demonstrated Claudin-1 and 4 expressions in +colon cancer cases. Claudin-1 expression seems to be more prominent in +adenomatous polyps as compared with cancer cases. Expression of Claudin-1 +decreases significantly in the presence of lymph node metastasis and diminishes +in mucinous carcinoma cases, indicating a negative correlation between Claudin-1 +expression and neoplastic progression. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.01.011 +PMID: 21493012 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +820. APMIS. 2011 Apr;119(4-5):309-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02736.x. Epub 2011 +Mar 22. + +The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas +(DLBCLs) in Turkey: special emphasis on 'EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly'. + +Uner A(1), Akyurek N, Saglam A, Abdullazade S, Uzum N, Onder S, Barista I, +Benekli M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. unera@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Accumulated evidence has shown the importance of Epstein-Barr virus in the +pathogenesis of various lymphomas. This study aimed to determine the prevalence +of Epstein-Barr virus expression and its effect on survival amongst diffuse large +B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases from two large tertiary care centres in Turkey with +a particular interest in identifying cases of 'Epstein-Barr virus-positive DLBCL +of the elderly'. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cases diagnosed between 1999 and +2009 were retrieved and 340 cases were used to construct tissue microarrays. The +presence of Epstein-Barr virus small ribonucleic acids was examined by in situ +hybridization using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNA (EBER) +oligonucleotides. A total of 18 cases (5.3%) showed Epstein-Barr virus +expression. Twelve cases were classified as Epstein-Barr virus-positive DLBCL of +the elderly. Epstein-Barr virus-positive DLBCL cases showed a significantly +inferior overall survival as compared with Epstein-Barr virus-negative cases (p < +0.001). In our study group Epstein-Barr virus expression is not prevalent in +DLBCLs. Epstein-Barr virus-positive DLBCL of the elderly is also rare in the +Turkish population. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus, however, is associated +with poor prognosis. + +© 2011 The Authors. APMIS © 2011 APMIS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02736.x +PMID: 21492232 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +821. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2011 Jun;32(2):136-9. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182186f07. + +Prevalence of alcohol in blood samples from traffic accident cases in Turkey. + +Akgür SA(1), Ertas H, Altntoprak AE, Ozkan M, Kitapcoglu G. + +Author information: +(1)Poison Research and Application Center, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, +Turkey. serap.akgur@ege.edu.tr + +Alcohol is one of the main causes of traffic accidents worldwide. With a +population of 70 million, 12 million vehicles, and 18 million drivers (16% +women), Turkey is one of the European countries that has a high incidence of road +traffic accidents.In accordance with Turkish laws, subjects were considered to be +positive when alcohol blood concentration exceeded 50 mg/100 mL. The objective of +the present study was to obtain reliable and comparable data about alcohol use in +traffic cases in Turkey. All cases are admitted to the emergency department at +Ege University Medical Faculty. The cases from police officers are described as +traffic control cases. Alcohol was detected in the blood of about 54.4% of the +traffic-related cases during October 2005 to March 2007. It has been observed +that, in 17.4% of the traffic accident cases, the blood alcohol level was 50 +mg/dL or less, which is the legal limit in Turkey for car drivers. Alcohol +prevalence was 57.2% in male cases and 43.6% in female cases. In alcohol-positive +cases; the ratios for males were 1.73 times more frequent in traffic-related +cases. Prevalence data will help traffic safety professionals to adequately +allocate resources and plan future efforts in reducing drinking-and-driving +behavior and thereby reduce traffic accidents. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3182186f07 +PMID: 21490496 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +822. Virchows Arch. 2011 Jun;458(6):659-64. doi: 10.1007/s00428-011-1072-3. Epub 2011 +Apr 12. + +Histologic grading of urothelial papillary neoplasms: impact of combined grading +(two-numbered grading system) on reproducibility. + +Tuna B(1), Yörükoglu K, Düzcan E, Sen S, Nese N, Sarsık B, Akder A, Sayhan S, +Mungan U, Kirkali Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, +Turkey. burcin.tuna@deu.edu.tr + +The clinical management of tumor patients is often strongly influenced by the +tumor grade. The presence of heterogeneity is well recognized in a variety of +tumors. Overall grade is based on highest grade area identified within a tumor. +Urothelial carcinoma often contains different histological grades within the same +tumor. This study investigates the impact of a combined grading system on the +reproducibility of papillary urothelial neoplasms. A set prepared for an earlier +study consisting of ten cases of each category (papillary urothelial neoplasm of +low malignant potential (PUNLMP), LGPUC, and HGPUC) was used. Agreement between +pairs of pathologists was evaluated using κ statistics for the combined scoring +system. Interobserver agreement was fair to substantial as reflected by κ values +ranging from 0.24 to 0.74 (mean κ = 0.43). The combined scores of 2 and 3 which +included PUNLMP showed the lowest degree of agreement and when this category was +excluded from the analysis, interobserver agreement increased significantly (mean +κ = 0.65; ranging from 0.43 to 0.92) in terms of combined scores of 4, 5, and 6. +PUNLMP has been shown to be the least reproducible component of a combined +scoring system even among experienced observers. Exclusion of PUNLMP from grading +scheme seems to improve interobserver variability. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-011-1072-3 +PMID: 21484429 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +823. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011 Dec;17(4):843-51. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9392-9. Epub +2011 Apr 10. + +Lymphatic differentiation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma: patterns of D2-40 +immunoexpression in the course of tumor progression. + +Kandemir NO(1), Barut F, Gun BD, Keser SH, Karadayi N, Gun M, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +Kozlu, Zonguldak 67600, Turkey. niluferkandemir@yahoo.com + +The recent development of lymphatic endothelium-specific immuno-indicators has +given rise to research on the histogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), specifically +focusing on its lymphatic root and differentiation. D2-40 is a new lymphatic +marker that recognizes podoplanin and is easily applied to formalin-fixed +paraffin-embedded human tissues. This study examined D2-40 immunoexpression in +178 classical KS lesions using immunohistochemical methods. D2-40 +immunoexpression was also examined in 63 non-KS soft tissue lesions to test the +reliability of D2-40 monoclonal antibody in the pathological diagnosis of KS. +D2-40 immunoreactivity was detected at all of the KS lesions and in lymphangioma +and nonneoplastic lymphatic endothelium. There was no significant relationship +between the extent of D2-40 staining and histopathological stage; however, there +was a positive correlation between the staining intensity and histopathological +stage in KS cases. D2-40 immunoreactivity was detected at all histopathological +stages of KS and may be added to the routine immunohistochemical panel used for +the differential diagnosis of KS. Widespread D2-40 protein expression is evidence +of a lymphatic origin or the differentiation of neoplastic cells in KS, and D2-40 +expression increases with tumor progression. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9392-9 +PMID: 21479874 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +824. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011 Sep;17(3):697-703. doi: 10.1007/s12253-011-9372-0. Epub +2011 Apr 2. + +Expression and amplification of Topoisomerase-2α in type 1 and type 2 papillary +renal cell carcinomas and its correlation with HER2/neu amplification. + +Duzcan F(1), Duzcan SE, Sen S, Yorukoglu K, Caner V, Sen Turk N, Cetin GO, Kelten +C, Tuna B, Sarsik B, Tepeli E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Pamukkale University, Bayramyeri, Denizli, +Turkey. fusunduzcan@yahoo.com + +The current study was undertaken to investigate chromosomal and genetical +aberrations leading to overexpression of Topoisomerase-2α (TOP2α) and to reveal +the possible association of these aberrations with HER2/neu overexpression and +gene amplification, and to search for the relationship between TOP2α and HER2/neu +status with prognostical biomarkers in papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a +group of tumors with diverse molecular, chromosomal and clinical features. +Archival cases of papillary RCC obtained from Departments of Pathology of +Pamukkale, Ege and Dokuz Eylul Universities were studied in two groups (type 1 +and type 2) each containing 20 cases. The level of TOP2α and HER2/neu expression +by tumor cells were determined immunohistochemically. A multicolor FISH probe was +used to define both amplification of HER2/neu and TOP2α genes, and polysomy 17. +The ratio of cells expressing TOP2α in type 1 and type 2 papillary RCC were +24.29% and 6.89%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant +comparing the average or median values of groups separately (p = 0.002). The +expression levels of TOP2α and HER2/neu were also correlated. TOP2α and HER2/neu +were co-amplified in both groups. Immunohistochemical expression was not observed +in 15 of 23 cases with HER2/neu amplification. The most frequent finding detected +by FISH method was polysomy of chromosome 17. We had contradictory results +compared with the findings reported in the limited numbers of literature. It +shows us that papillary RCC constitute a heterogenous group of tumors with +various cytogenetic features and morphological classification of these tumors may +not be compatible with their molecular characteristics. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9372-0 +PMID: 21461646 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +825. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Nov;64(7-8):821-30. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.03.002. Epub +2011 Mar 31. + +Dichlorvos-induced testicular toxicity in male rats and the protective role of +vitamins C and E. + +Dirican EK(1), Kalender Y. + +Author information: +(1)Memorial Antalya Hospital, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of +Embryology, Antalya, Turkey. keremdirican@gmail.com + +Dichlorvos is an organophosphorus insecticide that is used worldwide for pest +control in agriculture and household use. Vitamins C and E are potential +antioxidants protecting cells from oxidative stress. Vitamin C+vitamin E, +dichlorvos, a combination of vitamin C+vitamin E+dichlorvos, or corn oil +(control) were given to rats via oral gavage for 7 weeks. Body and testis +weights, sperm parameters, hormone levels, histo- and cytopathological changes in +testes were investigated at the end of 24 h and the 4th and 7th weeks +comparatively with the control group. Body and testis weights, sperm morphology, +FSH, LH, and testosterone levels were decreased significantly at the end of 4th +and 7th weeks in the dichlorvos- and vitamins+dichlorvos-treated groups. A +statistically significant decline in sperm motility and testosterone levels +occurred by the end of 7th week in the dichlorvos- and +vitamins+dichlorvos-treated groups. Light and electron microscopy revealed +necrosis, edema and cellular damage in testicular tissues of the dichlorvos- and +vitamins+dichlorvos-treated rats at the end of 4th and 7th weeks. In conclusion, +dichlorvos caused subacute and subchronic reproductive toxicity, but vitamins did +not confer protection. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.03.002 +PMID: 21458248 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +826. Folia Neuropathol. 2011;49(1):21-7. + +Effects of haloperidol on striatal neurons: relation to neuronal loss (a +stereological study). + +Altunkaynak BZ(1), Ozbek E, Aydin N, Aydin MD, Altunkaynak ME, Vuraler O, Unal B. + +Author information: +(1)Dept. of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25050, +Erzurum, Turkey. bunyamiunal@gmail.com + +In the present work, we investigated the effect of chronic haloperidol +administration on the number of striatal neurons in guinea pigs. For this +purpose, adult male guinea pigs were given daily injections of 1, 2 or 3 mg/kg of +haloperidol for 6 weeks. After treatment, the animals were anesthetized via brief +inhalation of ether, the brains were removed and the corpus striatum was +dissected. Then the tissues were processed and semi-thin sections were stained +with toluidine blue for stereological and histopathological evaluation. The +physical disector was used for measurements of nuclear height and numerical +density of striatal neurons and also to evaluate both normal and degenerated +neurons within the corpus striatum of treated animals and untreated controls. In +the control group, the mean numerical density of neurons was calculated as 47.92 +cell/mm3 and the mean nuclear height as 3.58 µm. Mean densities of all (both +viable and degenerated) neurons were calculated to be 45.46 in the low-dose (p < +0.01), 39.73 in the medium-dose (p < 0.001) and 30.31 cell/mm3 in the high-dose +group (p < 0.001). Mean densities of degenerated neurons in the low, medium and +high dose group were 30.72, 22.93 (p < 0.001) and 15.56 cell/mm3 (p < 0.001) +respectively. Mean nuclear heights were 2.804 (p < 0.0001), 2.78 (p < 0.0001) and +2.33 µm (p < 0.00001) in the low, medium and high dose group, respectively. + + +PMID: 21455840 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +827. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011 Jun;19(3):342-5. doi: 10.1177/1066896910397610. Epub 2011 +Mar 29. + +An unusual clinical presentation of pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumor with +ovarian metastases: a diagnostic dilemma. + +Mete Ö(1), Yegen G, Güllüoglu MG, Kapran Y, Klöppel G. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. ozgurmete77@gmail.com + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896910397610 +PMID: 21447535 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +828. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(4):233-43. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2011.555808. Epub +2011 Mar 24. + +Left diaphragmatic eventration associated with ipsilateral pulmonary +sequestration and intrathoracic kidney in a fetus: reviewing the prenatal +diagnosis and etiopathogenesis. + +Sahinoglu Z(1), Yuksel A, Uludogan M, Bilgic R, Toksoy G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Perinatology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education +and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. drsahinoglu@gmail.com + +The prenatal diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic eventration, pulmonary +extralobar sequestration and intrathoracic ectopic kidney in a single fetus is +not reported yet according to the pubmed. Congenital diaphragmatic eventration is +an abnormal elevation of the diaphragm. Differential diagnosis from hernia is +essential for the perinatal management. Extralobar sequestrations are usually +asymptomatic and detected incidentally. Intrathoracic kidney is an extremely rare +congenital anomaly. Genitourinary and cardiac anomalies should be searched as +common co-existing malformations. Besides prenatal ultrasound, fetal magnetic +resonance imaging has a substantial support in counselling the family, planning +the follow-up of the pregnancy and decision-making for the perinatal management. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2011.555808 +PMID: 21434828 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +829. Histol Histopathol. 2011 May;26(5):615-21. doi: 10.14670/HH-26.615. + +Distribution of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and tissue +inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-2 in nasal polyposis and chronic +rhinosinusitis. + +Eyibilen A(1), Cayli S, Aladag I, Koç S, Gurbuzler L, Atay GA. + +Author information: +(1)Gaziosmanpasa University, Medical School, Department of Otolaryngology, Tokat, +Turkey. aeyibilen@yahoo.com + +Nasal polyposis (NP), a chronic inflammatory disease of the upper airway, is a +subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Matrix metallo-proteinases (MMPs) and +their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are considered to play important roles in the +pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. The aim of the current study was to evaluate and +compare the levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in NP and CRS with normal +nasal mucosa by using immunohistochemistry. Twenty-five patients with NP and +fifteen patients with CRS underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. Diseased mucosal +samples were obtained from ethmoidal sinuses. Control nasal mucosa (n=10) was +obtained from inferior nasal turbinate. Immunohistochemistry for MMP-1, MMP-2, +MMP-8 and TIMP-2 was performed. The expression of MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-8 +significantly increased in NP and CRS compared with control (p<0.05). The +distribution of TIMP-2 was higher in CRS than control and NP respectively +(p<0.05). MMP-1 immunoreactivity was distributed in the extracellular matrix +whereas MMP-2, MMP-8 and TIMP-2 immunostaining was present in the epithelium, +submucosal glands, vascular endothelium and inflammatory cells in CRS and NP. We +suggest that differences in histological features between CRS and NP might be +related to the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and their tissue inhibitor-2. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-26.615 +PMID: 21432777 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +830. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2012 Mar-Apr;21(2):e15-8. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2011.01.006. +Epub 2011 Mar 11. + +Cystic and hemorrhagic giant left atrial myxoma in a patient presenting with +exertional angina and dyspnea. + +Acikel S(1), Aksoy MM, Kilic H, Karapinar K, Oguz AS, Aydin H, Akdemir R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research +and Educational Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. sadik.acikel@tkd.org.tr + +Myxomas are the most common type of primary cardiac tumors and are usually +localized in the atrium. The clinical features of the disease depend on the size, +location, mobility, and fragility of the mass. In our case report, we present a +38-year-old female patient admitted to our hospital with typical exertional +angina and dyspnea. Diagnosis of giant cystic/hemorrhagic atrial myxoma was +established after imaging modalities including echocardiography, angiography, and +radiology and the pathological evaluation of the mass. On the coronary +angiography, a significant feeding artery of the tumor originating from the right +coronary artery and the cystic/hemorrhagic appearance all raised the suspicion +for the presence of other cardiac masses. However, the pathological evaluation of +the mass was reported as consistent with myxoma, with many prominent cystic and +hemorrhagic fields and no evidence of malignancy. Since large intratumoral +hemorrhagic fields and the presence of a significant feeding artery secondary to +tumor neovascularization were observed, we hypothesized that the remarkable +amount of blood flow from the coronary artery to the giant myxoma may result in a +kind of coronary steal phenomenon and typical anginal symptoms of the patient. + +Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2011.01.006 +PMID: 21397522 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +831. Diagn Pathol. 2011 Mar 13;6:18. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-18. + +Predictive value of pathological and immunohistochemical parameters for axillary +lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma. + +Yenidunya S(1), Bayrak R, Haltas H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Fatih University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +sibelyn@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: While several prognostic factors have been identified in +breast carcinoma, the clinical outcome remains hard to predict for individual +patients. Better predictive markers are needed to help guide difficult treatment +decisions. Axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) is one of the most important +prognostic determinants in breast carcinoma; however, the reasons why tumors vary +in their capability to result in axillary metastasis remain unclear. Identifying +breast carcinoma patients at risk for ALNM would improve treatment planning. This +study aimed to identify the factors associated with ALNM in breast carcinoma, +with particular emphasis on basal-like phenotype. +METHODS: Breast carcinoma patients (n = 210) who underwent breast conserving +surgery and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) (level I and II) or modified +radical mastectomy were included in this study. Pathological and +immunohistochemical data including individual receptor/gene status was collected +for analysis. The basal phenotype status was ascertained using the basal +cytokeratin markers CK5, CK14, CK17 and EGFR. +RESULTS: ALNM was found in 55% (n = 116) of the patients. On univariate analysis, +multicentric disease, large tumor size (>2 cm), vascular and lymphatic invasion, +epithelial hyperplasia, necrosis, in situ carcinoma and perineural invasion were +associated with higher risk for ALNM, whereas CK5, CK14, EGFR positivity and +basal-like tumor type were associated with lower risk. On multivariate analysis, +CK5 positivity (OR 0.003, 95%CI 0.000-0.23, p = 0.009) and lymphatic/vascular +invasion (OR 17.94, 95%CI 4.78-67.30, p < 0.001) were found to be independent +predictors. +CONCLUSIONS: Although the value of complete ALND has been questioned in invasive +breast cancer patients, treatment decisions for breast carcinoma have been +influenced by many parameters, including lymph node status. Since histopathologic +characteristics and expression of biological markers varies among the same +histologic subtypes of breast carcinoma, specific clinical and histopathologic +features of the primary tumor and ALN status like sentinel node might be used to +tailor the loco-regional and systemic treatment in different clinical settings. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-18 +PMCID: PMC3068936 +PMID: 21396129 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +832. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jan-Mar;54(1):183-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.77398. + +Pedro Pons' sign as a Brucellosis complication. + +Tuna N(1), Ogutlu A, Gozdas HT, Karabay O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sakarya Training +and Research Hospital, Turkey. + +Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases. Several complications +may be seen during its clinical course. Here, we describe a patient who presented +with complaints of fatigue, malaise, and intensive lumbar pain. He had been +suffering from these complaints for nearly 1 month. It was learned that he lived +in rural area, made and ate his own cheese. The Rose Bengal test was positive and +Brucella standard tube agglutination was positive at 1/320 titer. Pedro Pons' +sign, an osteoarticular complication of brucellosis, was revealed with the aid of +radiologic imaging. Osteoarticular involvement is common in the course of +brucellosis. Deformation in vertebrae formerly known as Pedro Pons' sign should +be thought in brucellosis patients suffering from lumbar pain. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.77398 +PMID: 21393913 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +833. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jan-Mar;54(1):150-1. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.77380. + +Cutaneous ciliated cyst in the subcutaneous area. + +Gelincik I(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, +Turkey. ibrahimgelincik@mynet.com + +A 25-year-old woman was seen for a painless subcutaneous mass of 2 years +duration. On excisional biopsy, a collapsed cystic structure lined by stratified, +ciliated, columnar epithelium was noted. These linning cells did not produce +mucin. Immunohistochemical staining for progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor +and epithelial membrane antigen was positive, whereas it was negative for +carcinoembryonic antigen. Findings were consistent with cutaneous ciliated cyst +(CCC). CCCs are rare, predominantly occurring on the lower extremities of young +women. Most of them have been regarded as Mullerian remnants. A case of a CCC in +the subcutaneous area is reported. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.77380 +PMID: 21393902 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +834. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jan-Mar;54(1):147-9. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.77376. + +A case of a sporadic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the urinary +bladder with concomitant in situ urothelial carcinoma treated by transuretheral +resection. + +Sari A(1), Bal K, Tunakan M, Ozturk C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. aysegulakder@gmail.com + +Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) of the urinary bladder is a very +rare clinical entity. The association of such a tumor with urothelial carcinoma +is even more unusual. Differential diagnosis between coexisting two distinct +primary tumors and carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder is very important as +both the treatment and prognosis vary widely. Herein, we report a case of an +MPNST with a concomitant in situ urothelial carcinoma in a 53-year-old man. To +our knowledge, this is the first documented case of MPNST of the bladder that is +treated by transuretheral resection which is in contrast with the previous +reports that used cystectomy. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.77376 +PMID: 21393901 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +835. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jan-Mar;54(1):141-3. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.77373. + +Xanthogranulomatous salpingitis as a rare pathologic aspect of chronic active +pelvic inflammatory disease. + +Yener N(1), Ilter E, Midi A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Turkey. +neyerus@yahoo.com + +Xanthogranulomatous salpingitis (XGS) is a rare form of chronic inflammation of +the fallopian tubes. A 41-year old woman with a history of secondary infertility +for 2 years is presented. The patient underwent bilateral salpingooopherectomy +with presumptive diagnosis of adnexal mass with cystic component. Intraoperative +pathology consultation was done. The diagnosis of bilateral XGS associated with +chronic active follicular salpingitis was made. XGS is reported to be caused by +an unsuccesfully treated pelvic inflammatory disease. Its association with +chronic active follicular salpingitis has not been previously reported. Chronic +active follicular salpingitis with xanthogranulomatous inflammation might give +the impression of a cystic adnexal mass with septations on preoperative pelvic +computed tomography. Frozen sections are necessary to rule out malignancy as done +in our case. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.77373 +PMID: 21393899 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +836. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Jan-Mar;54(1):81-4. doi: 10.4103/0377-4929.77330. + +The sustained virologic response of nonresponder hepatitis C virus patients with +retreatment. + +Akhan SC(1), Gurel E, Sayan M. + +Author information: +(1)Kocaeli Univaersity Medical Faculty, Infectious Diseases anc Clinical +Microbiology, Kocaeli, Turkey. silaakhan@gmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination therapy remain the +first-line treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In contrast +to the large number of studies in treatment-naive patients, the effectiveness of +retreatment in patients who have previously failed pegylated interferon based +therapy is not much reported. +OBJECTIVES: The aim of this retrospective study was to focus on the efficacy of +pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin in retreated chronic hepatitis C +patients. +PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients were treated with pegylated interferon alpha +either 2a (180 μg) or 2b (1.5μg/kg) subcutaneously once weekly for a 48-week +period, plus ribavirin 1000-1200 mg/day. The patient who had a negative HCV RNA +at the end of 48 weeks were followed up for 24 weeks, and the patients who +relapsed in the post-treatment follow-up period of 24 weeks were treated again +with pegylated interferon alpha; but if the first treatment was administered with +pegylated interferon alpha 2a, the second was administered with pegylated +interferon alpha 2b and if pegylated interferon alpha 2b, then the second with +pegylated interferon alpha 2a. +RESULTS: We evaluated the outcome of our patients with chronic HCV who achieved a +viral response at the end of the therapy, but did not achieve sustained virologic +response; 54% (38/70) of patients did achieve sustained virologic response, while +46% (32/70) of patients did not (eight patients did not achieve early virologic +response, five patients were nonresponders at 24th week of the treatment, the +remaining 19 patient had negative HCV at the end of the therapy but did not +achieve sustained virologic response). We began from 19 patients to 8 patients, +who had negative HCV RNA at the end of the treatment, but did not achieve +sustained virologic response, interferon plus ribavirin therapy again. If the +patient had interferon alpha 2a, we gave in the second tour alpha 2b; and if +alpha 2b, then alpha 2a. The early virologic response of these nine patients were +found to be 63% (5/8). These 5 patients who had rapid virologic response and +early virologic response at the second therapy achieved sustained virologic +response this time. +CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the standard 48-week treatment is +insufficient and that an extended course of treatment may be necessary. Relapse +is a poorly understood clinical outcome in the treatment of chronic HCV patients. +Retreatment can give a chance to some patients specially who have early virologic +response and negative HCV RNA at the end of the first therapy. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.77330 +PMID: 21393883 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +837. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(2):111-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2010.524689. + +A case of enchondromatosis concomitant with cerebral hamartomas: radiologic +findings. + +Avcu S(1), Cetin F, Unal O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiology, Yuzuncu Yil University School of Medicine, Van, +Turkey. serhatavcu@hotmail.com + +Enchondromatosis is a congenital nonhereditary condition characterized by +multiple symmetrically distributed intraosseous cartillaginous masses in the +metaphyses and diaphyses of bones. We report a case of bilateral multiple +enchondromas and cerebral hamartomas in an 11-year-old boy in whom x-rays +displayed distortion and expansion of bilateral long tubuler bones, hands and +feet, scapulas, pelvis, and occipital regions of the calvarium. In addition to +osseous abnormalities, bilateral cerebral hamartomas were observed on cranial +magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first +case in the literature with enchondromatosis and cerebral hamartomas. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2010.524689 +PMID: 21391751 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +838. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Mar 15;207(3):182-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.01.005. Epub +2011 Mar 2. + +Immunohistochemical COX-2 overexpression correlates with HER-2/neu overexpression +in invasive breast carcinomas: a pilot study. + +Çiriş IM(1), Bozkurt KK, Başpinar S, Kapucuoğlu FN. + +Author information: +(1)Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Isparta, Turkey. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a prostaglandin synthase that catalyzes the synthesis +of prostaglandin G2 and H2. It has been shown that COX-2 plays an important role +in tumorigenesis of different tumor types and it is thought to take part in +breast carcinogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the +relationship of immunohistochemical COX-2 expression with clinicopathological +parameters, including HER-2/neu overexpression in invasive breast carcinoma +(IBC). Our study population comprised 10 normal breasts, 25 ductal carcinomas in +situ (DCIS), and 51 invasive breast carcinomas. Immunohistochemical +overexpressions of COX-2 and HER-2/neu were investigated in sections of +formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks by 3 observers. In normal breast, DCIS +and IBC, the COX-2 overexpression rate was 0%, 84%, and 58.8%, respectively. In +IBC, COX-2 overexpression had a significant relationship with HER-2/neu +overexpression (p=0.026) and a high histological grade (p=0.026). COX-2 +expression in both DCIS (n=25) and IBC (n=51) was significantly higher than in +normal breast tissue (p<0.0001). In addition, the COX-2 expression rate was +significantly higher in DCIS than in IBC (p=0.042). Our results indicated that +COX-2 overexpression correlates with aggressive phenotypic features, such as +HER-2/neu overexpression and high histological grade in IBC. Increased expression +of COX-2 in both DCIS and IBC in comparison to normal breast could indicate a +role in breast carcinogenesis. COX-2 overexpression may provide a clinically +useful biomarker for estimating tumor aggressiveness. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.01.005 +PMID: 21371829 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +839. Histol Histopathol. 2011 Apr;26(4):505-17. doi: 10.14670/HH-26.505. + +DNA repair mechanisms in mammalian germ cells. + +Ozturk S(1), Demir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. + +Mammalian germ cells encounter several types of DNA damage. This damage is almost +completely repaired in a short period of time to provide the maintenance of +genomic integrity. The main repair mechanisms operating in mammalian germline +cells are: nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER), mismatch +repair (MMR), DNA double strand break repair (DSBR), and post replication repair +(PRR). Currently, there are relatively few publications that summarize basic +information and new findings on DNA repair mechanisms used in mammalian germ +cells. In the present article, we review the studies that discuss repair +mechanisms operating in the female and male germ cells. We then survey some of +the recent discoveries made in this field. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-26.505 +PMID: 21360444 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +840. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2011;30(3):150-5. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2010.547553. Epub +2011 Feb 28. + +Metastasis of testicular yolk sac tumor to cauda equina. + +Unal O(1), Beyazal M, Avcu S, Akbayram S, Akgun C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiology, Yüzüncü Yıl University School of Medicine, Van, +Turkey. + +Primary germ cell tumors may spread to the lung, liver, brain, and bone +hematogenously. However, spinal metastasis is extremely rare. A case with yolk +sac tumor (YST) and cauda equina metastasis was presented in a 2-year-old boy. +Two months prior to admisssion, he underwent left radical orchiectomy for +testicular YST. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) +revealed spinal and cauda equina involvement. This is the first report of +metastasis of testicular YST to cauda equina in a child. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2010.547553 +PMID: 21355679 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +841. Exp Mol Pathol. 2011 Jun;90(3):312-7. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.01.008. Epub 2011 +Feb 16. + +Correlation of E-cadherin, VEGF, COX-2 expression to prognostic parameters in +papillary thyroid carcinoma. + +Erdem H(1), Gündogdu C, Sipal S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Duzce University of Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey. + +Thyroid cancer represents approximately 1% of all human malignancies. papillary +thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid gland, +accounting for 70-80% of all thyroid cancers. In the US, the incidence of thyroid +cancer is 4 per 100,000 individuals. It is two to four times as frequent in women +as in men. The development of PTC is influenced by many factors including genetic +alterations, growth factors, and physical agents such as radiation. In order to +recognize the prognosis for PTC, a lot of clinic and pathological parameters such +as; age, tumor size, extra-thyroid tumor spread, lymph node, distant metastases, +gender, tumor stage are used. As most of these parameters are subjective, more +objective and useful prognostic factors are needed for determining biologic +behavior, providing an initial assessment. In this study, we aimed to compare the +expressions of COX-2, E-cadherin, VEGF to classical prognostic factors, and to +investigate the correlation with prognosis. Operation records from 79 PTC cases +were examined retrospectively. In the study, we aimed to investigate the whole +tissue by means of stereology method, which is an impartial one, and we indicated +the expression COX-2, VEGF, E-cadherin immunohistochemically in 79 resection +diagnosed with PTC. We determined correlations between the expressions of COX-2 +and VEGF, E-cadherin, and age, gender, and stage. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.01.008 +PMID: 21335003 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +842. Acta Cytol. 2011;55(2):131-4. doi: 10.1159/000320886. Epub 2011 Feb 15. + +The efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the preoperative evaluation of +parakeratotic odontogenic keratocysts. + +Dereci O(1), Oztürk A, Günhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara +University, Ankara, Turkey. omurdereci@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in +preoperative diagnosis of parakeratotic odontogenic keratocyst. +STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-three cases of odontogenic keratocyst which were evaluated +with FNAC prior to enucleation were included in the study. Aspiration smears were +stained with Papanicolaou and hematoxylin-eosin stain. Results obtained from FNAC +were compared with histopathologic data obtained from the excisional biopsies. +RESULTS: Keratotic cell clusters with or without inflammation were identified in +all the cytologic smears. No dysplastic changes were seen. The evaluation of the +excisional biopsies revealed cystic epithelium which is characterized by +palisaded basal cells, a corrugated surface with a lumen containing keratin +debris. Two of the cases which revealed satellite cysts were not associated with +Gorlin-Goltz syndrome due to the absence of other findings. +CONCLUSION: Parakeratotic odontogenic keratocyst can be substantially diagnosed +preoperatively utilizing FNAC with a careful evaluation. + +Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000320886 +PMID: 21325796 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +843. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Nov;64(7-8):713-6. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.005. Epub +2011 Feb 11. + +Histamine induces the neuronal hypertrophy and increases the mast cell density in +gastrointestinal tract. + +Keles N(1), Yavuz Arican R, Coskun M, Elpek GO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, 07070 Antalya, +Turkey. nigarc@akdeniz.edu.tr + +Histamine is an endogenous biogenic amine that is synthesized from the basic +amino acid histidine. Ability to mimic anaphylaxis is one of the first described +functions of histamine and it has been demonstrated that histamine plays a +significant role in the regulation of immune system and neuronal function, +influences neuronal morphology and is involved in mast cells (MCs) chemotaxis. +MCs as histamine releasers, may thus also interact with neuronal function. In the +present study, we aimed to evaluate the role of histamine on mast cell density +and neuronal morphology in the gastrointestinal tract of the mouse. Ten mice were +daily injected intraperitoneally for 7 days with 20 mg/kg of histamine diluted in +0.5 ml physiological serum. After 7 days, mice were euthanised and samples from +stomach, small bowel, colon and appendix were processed for histological +examination. Immunohistochemistry was performed employing primary antibodies +directed against triptase for mast cells and PGP 9.5 antigen for neuronal +structures. The density of triptase and PGP 9.5 positive cells and the morphology +of the ganglia were quantitatively evaluated by digital image analysis. The +number of ganglia was higher in stomach, small bowel, colon and appendices of the +histamine group when compared with the control group. Only in appendices and +colon, the number of Schwann cells was significantly higher than that of the +control group. The PGP 9.5 expression and the mean area of ganglia showed a +significant increase only in appendices. In histamine group the MCs were +clustered especially in the lamina propria. Mast cell density (MCD) was +significantly higher than the control group in the small bowel, colon and +appendices tissues. The intraperitoneally injection histamine increases the MCD +and induces the neuronal hypertrophy and after the comparison of the organs in +the gastrointestinal tract the results indicated the most effected organ as the +appendices. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.005 +PMID: 21316206 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +844. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2011 Apr;15(2):108-16. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.11.005. + +Comparison of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, thyroid transcription factor-1, +Ki-67, p63, p53 and high-molecular weight cytokeratin expressions in papillary +thyroid carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, and follicular adenoma. + +Tan A(1), Etit D, Bayol U, Altinel D, Tan S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. draycatan@gmail.com + +The searching of the reliable and repeatable immunohistochemical markers in the +differential diagnosis of the thyroid's differentiated follicular epithelial +neoplasms has been continuing. Recently, the studies have majored on +immunohistochemical markers such as high-molecular weight cytokeratin (HMW-CK), +galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, and p27. We aimed to evaluate the differences of the +expressions of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), thyroid +transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), Ki-67, p63, p53, and HMW-CK among the papillary +thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), follicular carcinomas (FCs), and follicular adenomas +(FAs). Thirty-nine patients with the diagnoses of the PTC, FC, and FA in the +archives of the Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital Pathology Laboratory +registries in between 2004 and 2009 were included in the study. +Immunohistochemical stains for PCNA, TTF-1, Ki-67, p63, p53, and HMW-CK were +applied. The results were analyzed statistically by using Statistical Package for +the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 16.0 program (SPSS Inc., IBM, Somers, New +York, USA). In all 3 groups, all tumors showed PCNA and TTF-1 positivity. Ki-67 +proliferation index varied in a wide range in all groups. Although it was not +statistically significant, 19 of 39 tumors (7 PTCs, 2 FCs, and 10 FAs) were +stained with p63. The results of the immunoreactivity seen in PTCs with p53 +(41.2%) and HMW-CK (52.9%) were statistically significant. The tumors in the +other 2 groups (FC and FA) showed no reactivity with HMW-CK. Although the +differential diagnosis of the thyroid follicular neoplasms are based on the +histologic and cytomorphological criteria, p53 and HMW-CK positivity might be +undertaken in favor of the diagnosis of the PTC. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.11.005 +PMID: 21315633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +845. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Nov;64(7-8):717-24. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.006. Epub +2011 Feb 3. + +Impact of ellagic acid on adriamycin-induced testicular histopathological +lesions, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and sperm damages. + +Çeribaşı AO(1), Sakin F, Türk G, Sönmez M, Ateşşahin A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, +University Street, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey. aoceribasi@firat.edu.tr + +The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ellagic acid (EA) has +protective effect on adriamycin (ADR)-induced testicular and spermatozoal +toxicity associated with the oxidative stress in male rats. Thirthy-two healthy +8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups. The +first (EA) group was treated with EA (2 mg/kg/every other day) by gavage. The +second (ADR) group received ADR (2 mg/kg/once a week) intraperitoneally, while +the combination of ADR and EA was given to the third (ADR+EA) group. The forth +(control) group was treated with placebo. At the end of the 8-week treatment +period, reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm parameters, +histopathological changes and apoptosis via Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, testicular +tissue lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities, were investigated. +ADR administration was determined to cause significant decreases in reproductive +organ weights, epididymal sperm concentration and motility, plasma testosterone +concentration, diameter of seminiferous tubules, germinal cell layer thickness, +Johnsen's testicular score and Bcl-2 positive antiapoptotic cell rate, wherease +it caused significant increases in level of lipid peroxidation and glutathione, +catalase activity, abnormal sperm rates and Bax positive apoptotic cell rates +along with degeneration, necrosis, immature germ cells, congestion and atrophy in +testicular tissue when compared with the control group. EA administration to +ADR-treated rats provided significant improvements in ADR-induced disturbed +oxidant/antioxidant balance, decreased testosterone concentration, testicular +apoptosis and mild improvements in the histopathological view of the testicular +tissue. However, EA failed to improve decreased reproductive organ weights and +deteriorated sperm parameters due to ADR administration. It is concluded that +while ADR has direct or indirect (lipid peroxidation) negative effects on sperm +structure and testicular apoptosis in rats, EA has protective effects on +ADR-induced testicular lipid peroxidation and apoptosis. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.006 +PMID: 21295454 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +846. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Mar 15;207(3):156-60. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.12.005. Epub +2011 Feb 1. + +Cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20 expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas. + +Bayrak R(1), Yenidünya S, Haltas H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fatih University, 06540 Emek, +Ankara, Turkey. bayrakreyhan@yahoo.com + +Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) are low molecular weight +cytokeratins. The expressions of CK7 and CK20 have been studied in various +primary and metastatic carcinomas. Their expression patterns may help to +distinguish the site of origin of metastatic carcinomas. We investigated the +expressions of CK7 and CK20 in 196 cases of colorectal carcinoma. Paraffin +sections of 196 colonic adenocarcinomas were randomly selected, retrieved, and +immunostained for CK7 and CK20 with a standard avidin-biotin complex method. CK7 +was expressed in 34/196 (17.3%) and CK20 in 159/196 (81.1) cases of colorectal +adenocarcinoma. CK7-/CK20+ had the greatest proportion (65.8%) in colorectal +carcinomas. The CK7+/CK20+ immunophenotype was identified in 30/196 (15.3%), +CK7-/CK20- in 33/196 (16.9%), and CK7+/CK20- in 4/196 (2%) colon adenocarcinomas. +The CK7 and CK20 expression patterns were different in colorectal carcinomas +according to histological grade, location of the tumor, and lymph node +metastasis. CK20 positivity was more common in low grade carcinomas than in high +grade carcinomas (85.1% versus 47.6%) and in rectal and sigmoid carcinomas than +in proximal colon carcinomas (88.2% versus 63.2% and 88.9% versus 63.2%, +respectively). Furthermore, CK7 expression was more common in tumors with lymph +node metastasis than in non-metastatic tumors (25.3% versus 11%). In conclusion, +a considerable number of colorectal carcinomas showed reactivity to CK7 (17.3%) +or no reactivity to CK20 (18.9%). Therefore, CK7 positivity or CK20 negativity +does not rule out a colorectal origin of metastatic carcinoma. + +Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier GmbH. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.12.005 +PMID: 21282015 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +847. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011 Sep;17(3):619-25. doi: 10.1007/s12253-010-9358-3. Epub +2011 Jan 26. + +The evaluation of CD99 immunoreactivity and EWS/FLI1 translocation by +fluorescence in situ hybridization in central PNETs and Ewing's sarcoma family of +tumors. + +Vural C(1), Uluoğlu O, Akyürek N, Oğuz A, Karadeniz C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. dr.cvural@gmail.com + +Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFTs) are indicated by malignant, small, round +and blue cell tumors of the bone and soft tissue. Gene rearrangements between EWS +gene on chromosome 22q12 and members of the ETS gene family are common in and +specific to ESFTs. Another defining characteristic of ESFTs is their membranous +expression of the CD99. In contrast, such translocations and immunoreactivity are +not found in central primitive neuroectodermal tumors (cPNETs). The aim of this +study was to investigate the detection of EWS/FLI1 translocations and CD99 +immunoreactivity in order to evaluate their clinicopathological features and +their roles in the differential diagnosis of these tumors. In this study, we +investigated CD99 immunoreactivity using immunohistochemistry and Ewing's sarcoma +/ Friend leukaemia virus integration 1 (EWS/FLI1) translocation using the +fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method in 23 cases. CD99 expression was +detected in 10/11 (90%) ESFT cases and 2/7 cPNET cases. In 18 cases EWS/FLI1 +translocation was examined using the FISH method. The EWS/FLI1 translocations +were detected in 7/8 (87.5%) ESFTs cases, whereas non of 8 cPNET cases were +detected with this translocation. One case could not be classified as either +central or peripheral, showed EWS/FLI1 translocation. There was a statistically +significant difference in CD99 expression (p = 0.0013) and EWS/FLI1 translocation +(p = 0,002) between cPNETs and ESFTs cases. In conclusion, CD99 expression and +EWS/FLI1 translocation are specific and sensitive markers in the diagnosis of +ESFTs. However, these were often not found in cases of cPNET. Therefore, in the +diagnosis of ESFTs, clinical, radiological, histopathological and +immunohistochemical parameters should always be evaluated together. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9358-3 +PMID: 21267687 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +848. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2011 Feb;35(1):26-30. doi: 10.3109/01913123.2010.527036. + +Protective effects of CAPE on liver injury induced by CCL₄: an electron +microscopy study. + +Colakoglu N(1), Kus I, Kukner A, Pekmez H, Ozan E, Sarsilmaz M. + +Author information: +(1)Firat University, Medical Faculty, Histology& Embryology Department, Elazig, +Turkey. nerimancolakoglu@yahoo.com + +This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of caffeic acid +phenethyl ester on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. Twenty-four +male Wistar rats were divided in three groups. Group I was used as control. Rats +in group II were injected with carbon tetrachloride every other day for 1 month, +whereas rats in group III were injected with carbon tetrachloride and caffeic +acid phenethyl ester every other day for 1 month. At the end of the experiment, +all animals were killed by decapitation and their livers were removed. Liver +tissues were processed for electron microscopy. Histopathologically, hepatocytes +of rats treated with carbon tetrachloride had damage in the cytoplasmic +organelles and nuclei membranes as well as an excessive lipid accumulation in the +hepatocytes. However, those histopathological changes were reduced with the +coadministration of carbon tetrachloride and caffeic acid phenethyl ester. We +conclude that caffeic acid phenethyl ester treatment has the capability to +prevent carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913123.2010.527036 +PMID: 21265632 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +849. J Cutan Pathol. 2011 May;38(5):439-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2010.01657.x. +Epub 2011 Jan 19. + +Secondary syphilis with an interstitial granuloma annulare-like histopathologic +pattern. + +Sezer E(1), Luzar B, Calonje E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Gaziosmanpasa University School of Medicine, Tokat, +Turkey. + +A granulomatous tissue response may be observed in untreated, long-standing +lesions of secondary syphilis. In addition to poorly defined granulomatous +inflammation, leprosy-like sarcoidal and palisaded granulomatous inflammation has +been documented in literature reports of lues. Herein, we report a 47-year-old +man who presented with a 3-month history of a generalized non-pruritic macular +and papular rash located on the trunk and extremities. Histopathologically, there +was an interstitial arrangement of histiocytes with occasional multinucleated +giant cells positioned among collagen bundles without associated necrosis, +thereby closely mimicking interstitial granuloma annulare. A clue to the +diagnosis was the presence of admixed plasma cells. To the best of our knowledge, +this is the first reported case of secondary syphilis showing an interstitial +granulomatous pattern mimicking interstitial granuloma annulare. + +Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2010.01657.x +PMID: 21251035 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +850. J Comp Pathol. 2011 Jul;145(1):6-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.11.014. Epub 2011 +Jan 15. + +Immunocytochemical detection of Rhodococcus equi in tracheal washes of foals. + +Sonmez K(1), Gurel A, Takai S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, +Turkey. kivilcim@istanbul.edu.tr + +The aim of the present study was to develop an immunocytochemical procedure for +the early detection and demonstration of Rhodococcus equi in smears of tracheal +aspirates taken from live foals in field conditions. Tracheal wash samples were +collected from thoroughbred foals, aged 1-5 months and located in studs around +Bursa and Istanbul, Turkey. Some foals were suspected of having R. equi infection +on the basis of clinical examination (n=56) and others were unaffected control +animals (n=54). Serum samples were also collected from each foal for testing for +the presence of R. equi-specific antibody by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay +(ELISA). Thirty-six of the control foals (66.7%) and 37 of the affected foals +(66.1%) were seropositive for R. equi. Immunocytochemical labelling was detected +in the smears from 73.2% of the affected foals and 70.4% of the control foals. +For both ELISA and immunocytochemistry (ICC), there was no significant difference +between the affected and control foals (P>0.05) and there was no significant +difference between the two test modalities (P>0.05). ICC may therefore have +similar diagnostic utility when compared with ELISA. There is no clear +relationship between clinical signs and ELISA or ICC positivity. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.11.014 +PMID: 21238974 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +851. Pol J Pathol. 2010;61(3):140-6. + +CD10 for the distinct differential diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma and benign +tumours of cutaneous appendages originating from hair follicle. + +Sengul D(1), Sengul I, Astarci MH, Ustun H, Mocan G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Prof. Dr. A. Ilhan Ozdemir State Hospital, Giresun, +Turkey. + +AIMS: Differential diagnosis between the group of trichoadenoma, +trichofolliculoma, trichoepithelioma, trichoblastoma and basal cell carcinoma has +been creating some difficulties for the pathologist and the clinicians, +particularly in the presence of small specimens. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 30 cases of benign tumours of cutaneous +appendages originating from the hair follicle and 30 cases of basal cell +carcinoma were retrieved from the archives deposited from 2004 to 2008. +RESULTS: The expression of CD10 in both tumours was graded from [0] to [2+] for +each case. The immunoreactivity of CD10 was comparatively examined among the +groups and each subgroup. The stromal CD10 immunopositivity of benign tumours of +cutaneous appendages originating from the hair follicle was stronger than the +other (p = 0.003) regarding both the numerical and the degree of expression. +However, peripheral CD10 of basal cell carcinoma was stronger than the other for +[1+] immunopositivity (p = 0.03). It was exact opposite for [2+] (p = 0.013). +Besides, central CD10 immunopositivity and CD10 reactivity for the subgroups was +not significant. +CONCLUSIONS: CD10 may be very useful for the differential diagnosis between them +particularly in the small and superficial biopsies and it may be even a +life-saving method in some selected cases. + + +PMID: 21225496 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +852. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011 Jun;17(2):421-3. doi: 10.1007/s12253-010-9324-0. Epub 2011 +Jan 1. + +A rare cause of Fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia: hepatosplenic +gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma. + +Albayrak M(1), Balcik OS, Alan S, Dıncer SL, Yüksel MK, Albayrak A. + +Author information: +(1)Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital Department of +Hematology, Umut Mah Sembol Sok 26/5 Seyranbağları, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. +muratalbayrak71@yahoo.com + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9324-0 +PMID: 21197592 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +853. Diagn Pathol. 2011 Jan 2;6:1. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-1. + +Expression of plakophilins (PKP1, PKP2, and PKP3) in gastric cancers. + +Demirag GG(1), Sullu Y, Gurgenyatagi D, Okumus NO, Yucel I. + +Author information: +(1)Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Samsun, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The importance of cell-cell junction proteins (including armadillo +proteins) in tumor biology is known, but limited with regard to plakophilins. We +explored the relationship between plakophilins (PKP1, PKP2, PKP3) to gastric +cancer via immunohistochemical techniques. +METHODS: We compared the immunohistochemistry of PKPs in 34 gastric +adenocarcinomas and 20 normal gastric tissues. +RESULTS: In gastric cancer, PKP1 expression was unchanged but PKP2 and PKP3 were +significantly decreased as compared to normal controls. There was no observable +clinical association with PKP1 or PKP2 expression; however, low PKP3 level and +poor prognosis appeared to correlate with regards to node number and tumor stage. +The mean disease-free survival (DFS) was 38 ± 3 months (range: 32 - 44) and mean +overall survival (OS) 42 ± 4 months (range: 38 - 50). Decreased PKP2 appeared to +negatively impact DFS. +CONCLUSION: Decreased PKP2 and PKP3 may be early prognostic markers and loss of +PKP3 expression during gastric carcinoma progression may indicate an invasive +phenotype. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-1 +PMCID: PMC3025932 +PMID: 21194493 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +854. Clin Neuropathol. 2011 Jan-Feb;30(1):25-7. + +Unusual localization of an unusual tumor: calcifying pseudoneoplasm of the +foramen magnum. + +Ozdemir M(1), Bozkurt M, Ozgural O, Erden E, Tuna H, Caglar YS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Ergani State Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey. +drmevci@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: We report a rare case of calcifying pseudoneoplasm in the foramen +magnum. A large variety of tumors can be found in the foramen magnum; +meningiomas, neurofibromas, chordomas, chondrosarcomas and metastases are among +those that have been reported. Based on the histopathological structure of the +tumor, radical excision or, in the case of tumors with good behavioral pattern, +only decompressive debulking can be applied, in an effort to avoid unnecessary +morbidities. Thus, it is important to know the nature of the tumor before +planning the surgery. +CASE REPORT: A 53-year-old man with a 1-year history of pain on the left side of +his face was admitted to our service. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a +calcific mass at the left side of the spinal cord at the level of the foramen +magnum. Median suboccipital craniectomy and total tumor resection were performed +and there was no additional neurological deficit postoperatively. +CONCLUSION: We report, to our knowledge, the second case of a calcifying +pseudoneoplasm of the foramen magnum. We emphasize that these tumors are +pathologically benign and do not require aggressive surgical treatment and +suggest that asymptomatic cases can be followed radiologically. + + +PMID: 21176714 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +855. Diagn Cytopathol. 2011 Jan;39(1):38-41. doi: 10.1002/dc.21356. + +A case of papillary carcinoma in a thyroglossal cyst without a carcinoma in the +thyroid gland. + +Albayrak Y(1), Albayrak F, Kaya Z, Kabalar E, Aylu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery and Burn Unit, Erzurum Region Education and +Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey. yavuzalbayrakdr@gmail.com + +The thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common developmental anomaly of the +thyroid gland. We present a patient with a papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed +after surgical resection of a thyroglossal cyst. The 39-year-old patient reported +to our hospital due to a swelling of this throat. The results of the +ultrasonography were reported as showing multiple nodules in both thyroid lobes, +and an ~3-cm diameter image in the submental area, in keeping with +lymphadenomegalia. In the fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) evaluation from +the nodules in the thyroid, it was observed that the thyrocites with uniform +nuclei made up single-layer groups. FNAC from the thyroglossal cyst, a few +histiocytes were observed on a ground with a large number of erythrocytes. The +patient was subjected to a total thyroidectomy, pyramidal lobe excision, and +total excision of the 3-cm diameter soft mass, starting at the tip of the +pyramidal lobe. The case was diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma in +thyroglossal duct cyst with histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. +If the thyroglossal channel cyst had been diagnosed preoperatively, total +thyroidectomy and a Sistrunk operation would have been performed. For this +reason, repeated FNAC, particularly, if performed under ultrasound guidance, may +improve the diagnostic value of FNAC. Thus, in such patients, throat +ultrasonography must be carried out in expert hands, thin-needle aspiration +biopsy, computerized tomography, and thyroid scintigraphy must be done if +necessary, and the necessary treatment protocols carried out after a definite +diagnosis. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21356 +PMID: 21162091 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +856. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Jul;64(5):471-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.001. Epub +2010 Dec 8. + +Resveratrol attenuates doxorubicin-induced cellular damage by modulating nitric +oxide and apoptosis. + +Oktem G(1), Uysal A, Oral O, Sezer ED, Olukman M, Erol A, Akgur SA, Bilir A. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, +TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. gulperi.oktem@ege.edu.tr + +Although doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent its clinical +use is restricted due to its organ toxicities. The present investigation relates +to reducing DOX induced side effects to the liver, kidney and ileum by usage of +the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, resveratrol (RES) and to investigate +the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the process. Wistar rats were divided +into four groups: control (saline i.p); DOX (20 mg/kg i.p), RES (20 mg/kg i.p) +and DOX (20mg/kg i.p)+RES (20 mg/kg i.p). Immunohistochemical activity of both +iNOS and eNOS were evaluated after DOX treatment and ultrastructural changes such +as cellular damage and mitochondrial degeneration were evaluated. Degenerative +ultrastructural changes were demonstrated especially in the DOX treated group. +Variations in biochemical marker levels of oxidative stress on ischemia in +tissues were not observed. Our data indicate that RES may prevent cellular damage +in the early phase of DOX induced toxicity. RES could be used with its beneficial +effects during early cellular damage in organ toxicity after DOX treatment in +cancer patients. + +Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier GmbH. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.001 +PMID: 21144718 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +857. Acta Cytol. 2011;55(1):57-68. doi: 10.1159/000320858. Epub 2010 Nov 26. + +Significance of peritoneal washing cytopathology in ovarian carcinomas and tumors +of low malignant potential: a quality control study with literature review. + +Özkara SK(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Kocaeli, Turkey. +emrecan1999@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: The author evaluated a consecutive group of peritoneal washings (PWs) +performed in the evaluation of adnexal masses to determine whether the +conventional histopathologic prognostic parameters significantly affect the tumor +detection rate using this procedure. +STUDY DESIGN: Cytopathologic reports from all PWs performed over a 13-year +(1996-2008) period in the evaluation of malignant and borderline ovarian tumors +were reviewed and correlated with those of the synchronously obtained +histopathologic specimens. Tumors of low malignant potential (LMP) were separated +for analysis. Statistical significance was determined using the χ2 test. +RESULTS: In the study, a total of 134 PWs were associated with primary epithelial +malignant tumors (n=114) or tumors of LMP (n=20) involving the ovary. The +positive PW cytopathology rates for clear cell (83.3%), undifferentiated (80.0%), +and serous carcinomas (65.7%) were higher than the overall average positive rate +(62.3%) for all histopathologic subtypes. In contrast, endometrioid (41.2%) and +mucinous (45.5%) carcinomas had markedly lower cytopathology-positive rates than +the overall average positive rate (p=0.118). As expected, PWs were found to be +significantly more likely to yield malignant cells in higher-grade (grades +II+III, 71.1%, p=0.002) and higher-stage (stages III+IV) tumors (76.6%, p=0.000) +than in lower-grade (grade I, 38.7%) and lower-stage (stages I+II) tumors (32.4%) +and also in tumors with lymph node involvement (72.7%, p=0.021) than in tumors +without lymph node involvement (46.7%) and in bilateral tumors (74.6%, p=0.004) +than in unilateral tumors (42.9%). The positive cytopathology rates for the PWs +of the corresponding primary ovarian carcinomas with prominent pleomorphism +(81.0%, p=0.007), with high mitotic score (80.0%, p=0.006) and solid architecture +(72.9%, p=0.122) were also higher than the overall average positive rate. The +overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative +predictive value (NPV) and efficiency for the ovarian carcinoma (n=114) cases +were 72.3, 85, 95.8, 39.5 and 74.6%, respectively. The positive cytopathology +rate for the PWs of the serous tumors of LMP (7.1%) was higher than that of the +mucinous tumors of LMP (0.0%) and the overall average positive cytopathology rate +(5.0%) for the ovarian tumors with LMP. The calculated sensitivity, specificity, +PPV, NPV, and efficiency for tumors of LMP were 33.3, 100, 100, 89.5, and 90%, +respectively. +CONCLUSION: PW cytopathology results correlate significantly with almost all of +the conventional histopathologic prognostic parameters and the +cyto-histomorphologic parameters of the corresponding primary ovarian carcinomas. +The positive cytopathology rates also differ according to the histopathologic +subtypes. False negativity and 'false positivity?' was significantly correlated +with tumor grade. + +Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. + +DOI: 10.1159/000320858 +PMID: 21135524 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +858. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Jul;64(5):481-5. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.002. Epub +2010 Dec 4. + +Oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell damage in thyroidectomized rat. + +Engin AB(1), Sepici-Dincel A, Gonul II, Engin A. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University, Department of Toxicology, TR 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey. +abengin@gmail.com + +Patients with hypothyroidism are considered to have an increased risk of +developing atherosclerosis. Uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase from +tetrahyrobiopterin, an essential cofactor, leads to the decrease of nitric oxide +production and increase in reactive oxygen species. Both mechanisms contribute to +atherosclerotic vascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate +whether hypothyroidism influences the systemic redox-state and the structure of +aortic vascular endothelium in thyroidectomized rats. Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley +rats were randomly assigned to two groups; sham thyroidectomy and near-total +thyroidectomy. Three weeks after surgery, nitric oxide in plasma, homocysteine, +cysteine, glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity were measured in +serum, and biopterine and creatinine were measured in urine. Aortic endothelium +samples were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. Although +superoxide dismutase activity remained constant, urine biopterin levels and serum +nitric oxide levels decreased in hypothyroid rats compared to their euthyroid +controls. Aortic endothelium showed early features of atherosclerosis, and +transmission electron microscopy revealed budding of caveolae in endothelial +cells. It is concluded that hypothyroidism might lead to systemic oxidative +stress with resultant endothelial dysfunction, and subsequent occurrence of +atherosclerosis. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.002 +PMID: 21130634 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +859. Pathol Res Pract. 2011 Feb 15;207(2):131-4. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.10.004. Epub +2010 Nov 20. + +Intravenous lipoleiomyomatosis of uterus with cardiac extension: a case report. + +Vural C(1), Özen Ö, Demirhan B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. dr.cvural@gmail.com + +A case of intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) with histological features of a +lipoleiomyoma (intravenous lipoleiomyoma) in a 48-year-old woman is reported. The +patient, with the tumor located in the uterus and extended up on the right side +of the heart through the inferior vena cava, was diagnosed as having a cardiac +mass. She displayed symptoms of dyspnea, chest pain due to the cardiac mass, as +well as pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. She underwent cardiac surgery because of a +right atrial mass, and the histopathological diagnosis was leiomyoma without the +knowledge of a uterine mass. Afterwards, a right adnexial mass was detected in +the pelvis, and a total hysterectomy-bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was +performed for the adnexial mass, which was also diagnosed as leiomyoma. In this +case report, we describe an intravenous lipoleiomyomatosis of the uterus which, +at the initial clinical presentation, showed cardiovascular symptoms. We +emphasize the histopathological features and the differential diagnosis of this +rare tumor in the light of the literature. + +Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier GmbH. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.10.004 +PMID: 21095070 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +860. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2010 Dec;14(6):432-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.07.001. + +Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors: synchronous uterine +tumors resembling ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors and ovarian sex cord tumor. + +Abdullazade S(1), Kosemehmetoglu K, Adanir I, Kutluay L, Usubutun A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. + +Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (UTROSCTs) are very +rare. In this article, we present 3 cases that manifest classical +histomorphological features alongside diverse immunohistochemical findings. As a +distinctive finding, one of the patients had UTROSCT in the uterus and an ovarian +sex cord tumor, called granulosa cell tumor, in the left ovary, simultaneously. +Problems in diagnosing such pathologic condition generally arise because of the +variable histologic picture of UTROSCT and may cause problems for general and +other nongynecologic surgical pathologists. Immunohistochemically, these tumors +express different markers that indicate their polyphenotypic origins. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.07.001 +PMID: 21074692 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +861. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2010 Dec;14(6):425-31. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.06.009. + +Papillary apocrine metaplasia and columnar cell lesion with atypia: is there a +shared common pathway? + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Guler G. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. dokemal@hotmail.com + +Papillary apocrine metaplasia (PAM) and columnar cell lesion with atypia (CCL) +are considered as candidates of early premalignant breast lesions. In this study, +we investigated their relationship at the morphological level, as we noticed +their histologic coexistence and proximity in daily routine. We selected 93 +neoplastic and nonneoplastic cases with both PAM and CCL among 477 breast +specimens and reevaluated sections by measuring the distance between these +lesions. Ninety-three (19.4%) of 477 breast specimens contained both PAM and CCL; +in 73.1% of the cases, the 2 lesions were in continuity with or adjacent to each +other. Lesions less distant than 1 mm are grouped as "adjoining lesions"; and the +rest, as "distant lesions." A significant difference (P = .006) was found between +adjoining ("zero" + "<1 mm") and distant ("≥ 1 mm") lesions; that is, PAM and CCL +were much closer in the neoplastic group, especially tumors with low grade, high +estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, and less lymph node metastasis. +During the detailed examination of adjoining lesions, some "hybrid cells" showing +properties of both lesions were encountered. Papillary apocrine metaplasia and +CCL tend to appear in close contact, especially in neoplastic breasts with +favorable features. This result implies that PAM and CCL may be included in the +same pathogenetic pathway despite their distinct immunophenotypical properties. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.06.009 +PMID: 21074691 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +862. Clin Neuropathol. 2010 Nov-Dec;29(6):384-9. + +Anti-apoptotic and growth-promoting markers in adult medulloblastomas. + +Ongürü O(1), Karslioglu Y, Ozcan A, Celik E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. +oonguru@gata.edu.tr + +AIM: the aim of this study was to investigate the pathologic features, +proliferation potential and expression of some anti-apoptotic and +growth-promoting markers in adult medulloblastomas. +METHOD: we analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of survivin, c-KIT, Bcl-2, +fascin, p-53 and Ki-67 in 18 adult medulloblastomas (> 16 years of age). +RESULTS: study included 14 males and 4 females (mean age: 22.9 ± 8.2). 14 cases +were classical, 2 desmoplastic/nodular and 2 large cell medulloblastomas. +Moderate-to-high nuclear survivin expression was observed with high percentages +(55 - 100%) in all medulloblastomas while Bcl-2 was mildly positive in only 1 +case. Interestingly, mild-to-moderate cytoplasmic c-KIT expression was +demonstrated in 16 cases (89%) without membranous accentuation. Fascin expression +was observed in 13 medulloblastomas (72%), 9 of which showing moderate to high +immunoreactivity. Mild p53 expression was present in only 4 cases (22%). Mean +Ki-67 index was 20.6% (range 8 - 55%). +CONCLUSION: frequent nuclear survivin expression implies the predominance of +anti-apoptotic factors in pathogenesis of adult medulloblastomas. It may also be +a potential therapeutic target for adult medulloblastomas. Although Blc-2 +immunoreactivity was previously reported in approximately 30% in +medulloblastomas, we have observed that it is rarely expressed in the present +series of adult medulloblastomas. To our knowledge, this is the first study +evaluating fascin expression in medulloblastomas. Its presence may be related to +the neuronal differentiation. Mild-to-moderate cytoplasmic c-KIT immunoreactivity +without membranous staining in adult medulloblastomas may support the previous +studies reporting low level of c-KIT protein expression with lack of activating +mutations in medulloblastomas. It seems p53 is rarely involved in the course of +develepment of adult medulloblastomas. + + +PMID: 21073843 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +863. Acta Cytol. 2010 Sep-Oct;54(5 Suppl):973-6. + +Chondroid syringoma: a case report. + +Tokyol C(1), Aktepe F, Yavas BD, Yildiz H, Aycicek A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, 03200 +Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. ctokyol@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Chondroid syringoma is a benign skin adnexal tumor. The reported +incidence of chondroid syringoma among primary skin tumors is low and has been +reported at 0.01-0.098%. +CASE: A 57-year-old woman presented with a 10-year history of a slowly growing +lump on her philtrum. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed. The smears +showed cohesive groups of round cells embedded in a chondromyxoid ground +substance. A diagnosis of benign appendageal tumor of the skin was made. Surgical +excision of tumor was done. Histopathologic examination was consistent with +chondroid syringoma. +CONCLUSION: Chondroid syringoma should be included in the differential diagnosis +of a slowly growing nodule on the head or neck. The diagnosis can be confirmed by +means of fine needle aspiration cytology. The treatment of choice is local +excision. + + +PMID: 21053580 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +864. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Oct-Dec;53(4):848-9. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.72083. + +Intrauterine device associated actinomycosis mimicking sigmoid colon tumor. + +Muezzinoglu B(1), Kus E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Medical School, Turkey. +m.bahar@isnet.net.tr + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.72083 +PMID: 21045442 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +865. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Oct-Dec;53(4):750-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.70969. + +Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: an immunohistochemical +analysis demonstrating latent Epstein-Barr virus in a subset of eight cases. + +Etit D(1), Altinel D, Bayol U, Tan A, Cumurcu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. demetetit@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Sarcomatoid or spindle cell carcinomas are rare malignancies which +are considered as a poorly differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma. +Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a wide variety of malignancies. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the expression of EBV latent membrane +protein-1 (LMP-1) and EBV EBNA-2 as well as the immunohistochemical profile of +AE-1/AE-3, vimentin, desmin, CK 5-6, smooth muscle actin (SMA), p63, S-100, p53 +and CD-117 with the clinicopathological correlation of eight patients of +sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) in the upper aerodigestive tract. +RESULTS: Four cases showed EBV LMP-1 positivity (50%) and there was no EBV EBNA-2 +positivity. However, the EBV LMP-1 results of our series could be considered only +as a coincidental finding in the SCs of the upper aerodigestive tract. +CONCLUSIONS: This finding supports the idea that further studies based on larger +series might be helpful enlighting the role played by EBV in carcinogenesis of +SC. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.70969 +PMID: 21045407 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +866. J Oral Pathol Med. 2011 Apr;40(4):286-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00955.x. +Epub 2010 Oct 7. + +Evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant profile in patients with oral +lichen planus. + +Ergun S(1), Troşala SC, Warnakulasuriya S, Özel S, Önal AE, Ofluoğlu D, Güven Y, +Tanyeri H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. sertanergun@gmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess oxidative stress and antioxidant +profile in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) using serum and salivary +samples and to compare these biomarkers in a group of healthy subjects. +PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one recently diagnosed patients with OLP and 20 +healthy controls with matched periodontal status were recruited to the study. +Total antioxidant activity (TAA) and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde +(MDA) in both serum and saliva were determined. Univariate comparisons between +the two groups were made for quantitative and categorical variables to determine +any significant differences. +RESULTS: In OLP patients, total antioxidant defense (TAA) was significantly lower +than that in healthy subjects in their serum samples (P = 0.01). Salivary MDA +levels were significantly higher in the OLP group compared with healthy subjects +(P = 0.03). A significant correlation was found between serum and saliva TAA +estimates in patients with OLP (r = 0.714 and P = 0.0001) and in the control +group (r = 0.69 and P = 0.001). Significant correlation was also found between +serum and saliva MDA values in control group (r = 0.464 and P = 0.04). A +significant inverse correlation was found between salivary MDA and TAA values in +the control group (r = -0.598 and P = 0.005). +CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest an increased oxidative stress and +imbalance in the antioxidant defense system in biological fluids of patients with +OLP. These findings may reflect the disease phenomenon of OLP rather than a +causal effect and their role in pathogenesis and transformation of OLP to cancer, +if any, needs further elucidation. + +© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00955.x +PMID: 21039889 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +867. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2011 Nov-Dec;20(6):377-80. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2010.09.005. +Epub 2010 Oct 30. + +Primary valvular lipomatous hamartoma: a case report and a collective review of +the literature. + +Karasu BB(1), Yeter E, Yilmazer D, Kiziltepe U, Ulular O, Akdemir R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Research and Educational +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. benginoglu@yahoo.com + +Cardiac valvular tumors are very infrequent lesions constituting about 10% of the +primary cardiac neoplasms. Among the valvular tumors, lipomatous hamartoma +represents a very rare and distinct pathological entity. Retrieval of the +literature reveals only eight reported cases, and there is lack of information +regarding their clinical features. Herein, we describe a patient with a mass on +the tricuspid valve detected incidentally and diagnosed to be a "lipomatous +hamartoma." To obtain a better understanding of the nature of these unusual +lesions, we reviewed the literature and presented their clinicoanatomical +characteristics together with diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2010.09.005 +PMID: 21036628 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +868. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 May;64(4):339-43. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.09.007. Epub +2010 Oct 27. + +Comparison of the protective effects of various antiulcer agents alone or in +combination on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. + +Izzettin FV(1), Sancar M, Okuyan B, Apikoglu-Rabus S, Cevikbas U. + +Author information: +(1)Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The aim of this study which was structured with the objective of determination of +the optimum protective therapy against the long term NSAID therapy-induced ulcers +was to compare the gastro-protective effects of various antiulcer drugs +(ranitidine, omeprazole, bismuth and misoprostol) alone or in combination with +each other in different doses on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. In +this experimental study the protective effect of misoprostol (100 μg/kg/day and +10 μg/kg/day i.g.), omeprazole (5 mg/kg/day and 1.5 mg/kg/day i.p.), ranitidine +(40 mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day i.p.), bismuth (70 mg/kg/day and 15 mg/kg/day +i.g.), combinations of misoprostol (10 μg/kg/day i.g.) plus omeprazole +(1.5mg/kg/day i.p.) and misoprostol (10 μg/kg/day i.g.) plus ranitidine (10 +mg/kg/day i.p.) are investigated on indomethacin (50 mg/kg/day s.c.) induced +gastric ulcers. Half an hour before indomethacin administration, each group +received the above treatment regimens for 5 days. After 5-day treatment, the rats +were sacrificed and histopathological and hematological examinations were +performed. The following regimens were found to be effective in the prevention of +indomethacin-induced gastric lesions: 100 μg/kg misoprostol, 10 μg/kg +misoprostol, 5mg/kg omeprazole, combination of 10 μg/kg misoprostol plus 1.5 +mg/kg omeprazole and 10 μg/kg misoprostol plus 10 mg/kg ranitidine. The +prevention rates achieved by these treatments were 71.4%, 50%, 47.6%, 52.4% and +50%, respectively. As a result of this study, misoprostol and omeprazol were +found to be effective in protection against NSAID-induced gastric problems; +while, ranitidine and bismuth were not. Also, the combinations of these agents +were not found to have additive or synergistic effects. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.09.007 +PMID: 21030227 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +869. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011 Jun;17(2):403-7. doi: 10.1007/s12253-010-9313-3. Epub 2010 +Oct 26. + +Intestinal Langerhans cell histiocytosis-like lesion in an adult presented with +diverticulitis: a reactive or neoplastic condition? + +Mete Ö(1), Doğan Ö, Kapran Y, Tihan D, Erbil Y, Ozarmağan S. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, +Temel Bilimler Binası, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey, ozgurmete77@gmail.com. + +The involvement of the gut by Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is very rare in +adults; however this is usually observed with a disseminated disease in children. +We report a 75-year-old male patient who underwent right hemicolectomy for a +complicated intestinal diverticular disease. The surgical specimen revealed +LCH-like proliferative lesion associated with diverticulitis. The overall +morphological and immunohistochemical findings are indistinguishable from LCH. +Systemic scans and subsequently performed bone marrow biopsies were free of +disease. Although the HUMARA clonality assay cannot be assessed, the lack of +evidence of LCH progression or disease elsewhere in the whole body strongly +supported the possibility of an atypical reactive phenomenon probably due to the +underlying intestinal diverticular disease. Therefore, it is important to avoid +diagnosing such a unifocal Langerhans cell proliferation as LCH in patients with +underlying pathologies in the absence of systemic involvement. Therefore, without +knowledge of clonal status of a unifocal Langerhans cell proliferation, we +recommend using the terminology of LCH-like lesion. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9313-3 +PMID: 20976634 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +870. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2011 Feb;15(1):64-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.01.001. +Epub 2010 Mar 17. + +Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma metastatic to the prostate. + +Baydar DE(1), Aki FT. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. +dertoy@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Spindle cell tumors of the prostate are rare and mostly primary. We report a case +of retroperitoneal sarcoma, which is a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma involving +the prostate secondarily by metastasis. The patient was a 44-year-old man who +presented with progressing abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed a large +retroperitoneal mass. The patient underwent surgical resection. Intraoperatively, +a second smaller mass was identified in the pelvis and was left untouched. The +resected retroperitoneal specimen and prostate transrectal needle biopsies taken +afterward showed the same mesenchymal tumor. Radical cystoprostatectomy was +performed. Metatatic tumor involving the prostate, bilateral seminal vesicles, +and base of the urinary bladder was found. Microscopic examination revealed +typical histomorphologic features of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma. The patient +is without evidence of disease 3 years postoperatively. This case is the first +documentation of metastatic sarcoma to the prostate and expands the list of +malignant mesenchymal neoplasms that may involve this organ. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.01.001 +PMID: 20952300 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +871. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2011 Apr;15(2):140-4. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.02.004. + +Papillary carcinoma with diffuse papillomatosis of gallbladder and cystic duct. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Akpinar E, Sokmensuer C, Hamaloglu E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +dokemal@hotmail.com + +Biliary papillomatosis and papillary carcinoma are rare tumors of biliary tract; +and because of their morphologic similarities, papillomatosis-papillary carcinoma +sequel has been proposed. We report an unusual case of polypoid minimally +invasive papillary carcinoma located at the junction between cystic and common +bile ducts, complicated with biliary papillomatosis of gallbladder and cystic +duct, showing focal areas of malignant change. Intrahepatic ducts, hepatic ducts, +and distal common bile duct were spared. Both papillomatosis and papillary +carcinoma showed areas of high p53 and p21 expression with high proliferative +index. Patient is still alive for 4 years without evidence of disease after +modified Whipple operation. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are further +discussed. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2010.02.004 +PMID: 20952295 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +872. Diagn Cytopathol. 2011 Sep;39(9):686-8. doi: 10.1002/dc.21530. Epub 2010 Oct 14. + +Cytology of a giant adult-type rhabdomyoma of the tongue. + +Etit D(1), Bayol U, Cumurcu S, Erdogan I, Tan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. demetetit@yahoo.com + +Adult rhabdomyoma is a rare primary benign tumour of striated muscle origin that +almost exclusively presents in the head and neck region with predilection for +male. We herein report a case of an adult rhabdomyoma in a 67-year-old male with +cytologic features. The lesions was located in the tongue extended to the left +parapharyngeal region. We discuss the cytological findings with a brief review of +the literature on this entity. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21530 +PMID: 20949459 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +873. Virchows Arch. 2010 Dec;457(6):643-9. doi: 10.1007/s00428-010-0978-5. Epub 2010 +Oct 8. + +Vacuolated cell pattern of pancreatobiliary adenocarcinoma: a clinicopathological +analysis of 24 cases of a poorly recognized distinctive morphologic variant +important in the differential diagnosis. + +Dursun N(1), Feng J, Basturk O, Bandyopadhyay S, Cheng JD, Adsay VN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDCA) is characterized by well-defined tubular +units in the vast majority of the cases; however, variations in this theme do +occur. It is important to recognize the morphologic spectrum of PDCA to avoid +misdiagnosis especially in small specimens and also in metastatic foci. Here, we +document a morphologic variant of PDCA that is characterized by a distinctive +pattern of infiltrating cribriform nests in a distinctive "microcystic" or +"secretory" pattern. Twenty-four cases of PDCA have been identified in a review +of 505 cases diagnosed with PDCA. Histologically, this pattern was characterized +by infiltrating nests of tumor cells with large vacuoles and "signet-ring" like +appearance imparting a cribriform growth pattern. The vacuoles were one to five +cells in size, often merging to form multilocular spaces separated by a thin rim +of cell membrane. Many of these spaces contained CA19.9 positive granular +secretory material. The nuclei were often pushed to the periphery and compressed +in a pattern resembling adipocytes, although the nuclei were often densely +hyperchromatic and displayed significant atypia. Especially in biopsies from the +peripancreatic fat and peritoneum, these neoplastic cells had been misdiagnosed +as degenerating adipocytes, and in the lymph nodes, they had been misinterpreted +as lipogranulomas. Clinical findings of the patients were similar to that of +conventional PDCA, except higher incidence of history of smoking (83% vs. 60%; +p=0.034). In conclusion, vacuolated cell adenocarcinoma is a distinct morphologic +variant of PDCA, and the presence of this peculiar pattern in a metastatic site, +although not specific, should raise the suspicion of a PDCA. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0978-5 +PMCID: PMC3164262 +PMID: 20931225 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +874. J Oral Pathol Med. 2011 Jan;40(1):27-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00941.x. +Epub 2010 Oct 4. + +Effects of ethanol and extract of cigarette smoke on the rabbit buccal mucosa. + +Bor-Caymaz C(1), Bor S, Tobey NA, Abdulnour-Nakhoul S, Orlando RC. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medicine, Section of Anesthesiology, Ege University, Izmir, +Turkey. cananbor@gmail.com + +AIM: The combination of smoking and drinking alcohol has a high association with +diseases of squamous epithelium within the human oral cavity. Therefore, a study +was done to assess the impact of these agents alone or in combination on the +squamous epithelium using as model the buccal epithelium from rabbit oral cavity. +METHODS: Buccal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers to monitor electrical +parameters during exposure to ethanol (5-40%) or to Ringer extract of cigarette +smoke (EOCS) from one to six cigarettes dissolved in 10 ml Ringer either alone or +with combination. +RESULTS: Exposure to EOCS reduced in a dose dependent manner above 2 +cigarettes/10 ml transmural electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit +current (I(sc)), increased transmural electrical resistance (R). Morphology +showed from generalize tissue edema to patchy necrosis with the increasing +concentrations. Ethanol alone raised PD, I(sc) and R at lower concentrations (5%) +and lowered PD, I(sc) and R at higher concentrations (40%). The combination of 5% +ethanol, EOCS-1cigarette/10 ml reduced PD, I(sc) by 58% and increased R by 29%. +Unlike exposure to 5% EtOH and EOCS-1, 10% EtOH combined with EOCS-1 produces a +harmful effect by dropping PD and I(sc). +CONCLUSION: Both, simultaneous, and sequential, use of these agents enhanced +their negative impact on these parameters. The enhancement of these effects are +not due to solubulization of additional tobacco products by EtOH or by or by EtOH +enhancing smoking noxious effect. Histopathologic damage needs higher +concentrations of ethanol and EOCS combination and changes were more profound +compared to the sum of the isolated effects of both agents. + +© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00941.x +PMID: 20923442 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +875. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2011 Jan-Mar;25(1):1-3. doi: +10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181f73bc2. + +Could Toxoplasma gondii have any role in Alzheimer disease? + +Kusbeci OY(1), Miman O, Yaman M, Aktepe OC, Yazar S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Medicine, +Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. yilmazozge@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease (AD), a chronic progressive neurodegenerative +disorder, has a mainly unknown multifactorial etiology. Neuroinflammatory +mechanisms might contribute to the cascade of events leading to neuronal +degeneration. Central nervous system infections have been previously suggested as +possible etiological agents in the development of sporadic AD. Toxoplasmosis can +be associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, we aimed to +investigate the possible association between toxoplasma infection and AD. +METHODS: This study evaluated the serum anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG levels. It +included an age-matched and sex-matched study and control groups that consisted +of 34 patients with AD and 37 healthy individuals, respectively. There were no +difference between the socio economic states of the patients and control +subjects. serecm anti-I-gondi IgG levels were measured by using ELISA. +RESULTS: According to the statistical analysis, there were no significant +differences among the patients and the control participants with respect to age +(68.05±15.98, 62.91±5.89 y, P=0.072; respectively) and sex. The seropositivity +rate for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies among AD patients and control groups were +44.1% and 24.3%, respectively, and there was significant difference between the +serum anti-T. gondii IgG levels (P=0.005). +CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that toxoplasma infection may be involved in +the pathogenetic mechanisms of AD. If confirmed, a positive correlation between +toxoplasmosis and AD may lead to new approaches for the management of AD. + +Copyright © 2011 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins + +DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181f73bc2 +PMID: 20921875 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +876. Diagn Cytopathol. 2012 Mar;40(3):220-7. doi: 10.1002/dc.21544. Epub 2010 Oct 1. + +The cell with a thousand faces: detection of myoepithelial cells and their +contributions in the cytological diagnosis of salivary gland tumors. + +Avci A(1), Günhan O, Cakalağaoğlu F, Günal A, Celasun B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Atatürk Research and Education Hospital, İzmir, +Turkey. + +Myoepithelial cells are an important component of salivary gland tumors and are +partly responsible from the diverse histology of them. In this study, we focus on +the myoepithelial cell differentiation by using cytological morphology in a +various types of salivary gland tumors especially with regard to their +contribution to the diagnosis. The relation of myoepithelial cells with stromal +matrix and the associated epithelial cells were evaluated. Cytologic slides of +one hundred and forty one benign and twenty malignant salivary gland tumors were +examined for identification of morphologically different myoepithelial cells such +as; spindle-stellate, polygonal-epitheloid, plasmacytoid, basal and clear types. +The best examples of myoepithelial cells were detected in pleomorphic adenomas, +in some monomorphic adenomas and in the adenoid cystic carcinoma cases. Most of +the pleomorphic adenomas were composed more than one type of myoepithelial cells +and epitheloid-spindle cell combination was frequent. Basal and clear cell types +of myoepithelial cells closely resembled the epithelial cells and their +identification was relatively difficult. Identification of myoepithelial cell +types was easier when they were associated with stromal matrix material and stood +as a secondary layer around tubule-forming epithelial cells. Myoepithelial cell +components of various salivary gland tumors may be quite different and +identification of myoepithelial cell types may pose difficulties. A confident +cytologic identification of myoepithelial cells may be critical part of +diagnosing salivary gland tumors. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21544 +PMID: 20891000 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +877. Histol Histopathol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1437-45. doi: 10.14670/HH-25.1437. + +Distribution of CD105 and CD166 positive cells in the proximal epiphysis of +developing rat humerus. + +Ozbey O(1), Sahin Z, Acar N, Ustunel I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. + +The expression of cell surface receptors, CD105 and CD166, are characteristic of +mesenchymal stem cells in cartilage. However, there is limited data regarding +their immunolocalization in the cartilage of developing rat epiphysis. The +purpose of this study was to determine the presence of CD105 and CD 166 positive +cells in the proximal epiphysis of developing rat humerus and specify their zonal +distribution with age. The tissues of rat humerus were taken on embryonic day 15 +(E15), embryonic day 19 (E19), postnatal day 10 (PN10), postnatal day 20 (PN20) +and adult rats and studied for the immunolocalization of CD105 and CD166. Our +results showed that CD105 and CD166 positive cells were scattered in early stages +of development of humerus epiphysis. For E15, only the hypertrophic zone was +positive, whereas for E19 almost all zones of the epiphysis were positively +stained for these markers. For PN10 and PN20, the CD105 and CD166 positive cells +were mainly localized on the surface of the articular cartilage. In adult +articular cartilage the CD105 and CD166 positive cells were localized in the +superficial and transitional zones and in the upper regions of the deep zone. Our +study provides evidence that in the developing cartilage tissue the localization +of CD105 and CD166 positive cells is both dynamic and stage dependent, which may +imply the existence of stem cell-like cells in cartilage from an early age to +adult. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-25.1437 +PMID: 20865666 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +878. Diagn Cytopathol. 2011 Nov;39(11):808-17. doi: 10.1002/dc.21464. Epub 2010 Sep +10. + +Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration for diagnosing upper +gastrointestinal submucosal lesions: a prospective study of 50 cases. + +Turhan N(1), Aydog G, Ozin Y, Cicek B, Kurt M, Oguz D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Teaching and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. nesrinturhan@hotmail.com. + +The objective was to assess EUS-FNA for diagnosing intramural upper GI tract +lesions. The subjects were 50 patients (21M/29F) with upper GI submucosal lesions +who underwent EUS-FNA at a referral center for GI system over a 12-month period. +All cases were followed for 1 year after initial EUS-FNA. Cytologic diagnoses +were categorized as benign, malignant, suspicious for malignancy, mesenchymal +tumor, endocrine tumor, or nondiagnostic. All tumors were assessed for various +cytomorphologic features. The accuracy of the initial FNA diagnoses was evaluated +for each patient who also underwent subsequent histopathological examination of a +core biopsy and/or surgical biopsy/resection material of the same lesion. +According to the site of the lesions; while 84% of all esophageal lesions were +diagnosed as mesenchymal; 67% of all gastric lesions were mesenchymal. The sole +lesion was nonmesenchymal (benign cyst) in duodenum. The sensitivity, +specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of EUS-FNA for +diagnosing submucosal mesenchymal tumors of the upper GI tract were 82.9, 73.3, +87.9, 64.7, and 80%, respectively. The corresponding values for nonmesenchymal +lesions were 100, 85.7, 80, 100, and 90.9%. Our experience confirms that EUS-FNA +is an extremely valuable tool for diagnosing submucosal lesions of the upper GI, +and is particularly useful in cases where endoscopic forceps biopsy does not lead +to diagnosis. Optimal results can be yielded by a close working relationship +between the gastroenterologist and pathologist. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21464 +PMID: 20836005 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +879. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Mar;64(3):205-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.08.007. Epub +2010 Sep 9. + +Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity appraisal of four selected Fumaria +species and their total phenol and flavonoid quantities. + +Orhan IE(1), Şener B, Musharraf SG. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 +Ankara, Turkey. iorhan@gazi.edu.tr + +Fumaria species (Fumariaceae) have been recorded to be used traditionally against +liver-related disorders in many countries including Turkey. Oxidative stress is +also known to be strongly associated with hepatic problems. Consequently, in the +current study, the ethanol extracts of four Fumaria species; F. cilicica +Hausskn., F. densiflora DC., F. kralikii Jordan and F. parviflora Lam. growing in +Turkey were initially screened for their in vitro antioxidant activities by three +methods; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test, +Fe(+2)-ferrozine test system for metal chelating test and ferric-ion reducing +antioxidant power (FRAP) at 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml concentrations. Then, each of +the ethanol extracts was fractionated into petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl +acetate and methanol fractions and their antioxidant activities were estimated by +DPPH radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition tests at 1000 μg/ml. In +both tests, the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of F. cilicica were found +to be the most active and were further investigated in in vivo hepatoprotective +activity experiment against toxicity induced by CCl(4). Total phenol and +flavonoid quantities of the ethanol extracts were determined +spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteau's and AlCl(3) reagents, +respectively. Our data revealed that the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions +of F. cilicica did not have hepatoprotective effect and the ethanol extracts +exerted low antioxidant activity. Although protective effect of some Fumaria +species in hepatic diseases was shown in several previous studies, this record +seems to be not pertinent for F. cilicica. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.08.007 +PMID: 20829009 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +880. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Mar;64(3):175-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.08.003. Epub +2010 Sep 2. + +Assessment of acute toxicity and histopathology of the fungicide captan in +rainbow trout. + +Boran H(1), Capkin E, Altinok I, Terzi E. + +Author information: +(1)Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Marine Science, Department of +Fisheries Technology Engineering, 61530 Surmene, Trabzon, Turkey. +halisboran@gmail.com + +Acute toxicity of the fungicide, captan, to juvenile rainbow trout was evaluated +under static-renewal test condition. Actual concentrations of captan ranged from +0.05 to 1.00 mg/L. The concentrations of captan that killed 50% of the rainbow +trout (3.11±0.8 g) within 24 (24 h; LC(50)), 48, 72 and 96 h were 0.57±0.09, +0.49±0.10, 0.44±0.11 and 0.38±0.13 mg/L (95% confidence limits), respectively. +None of the unexposed control fish died and the first fish died 6 h after +exposure to captan (≥0.65 mg/L). Hypertrophy, separation of epithelium from +lamellae, lamellar fusion, and epithelial cell necrosis were observed on captan +exposed fish. Gills also had scattered areas of focal lamellar hyperplasia. Fish +exposed to fungicide had inflammation and necrosis in liver, trunk kidney and +spleen. In order, the most affected organs were gill, trunk kidney and liver. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.08.003 +PMID: 20817491 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +881. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2011 Jan;80(1):1-7. doi: 10.1002/cyto.b.20553. Epub 2010 +Aug 31. + +Aberrant expression of c-met and HGF/c-met pathway provides survival advantage in +B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. + +Eksioglu-Demiralp E(1), Akdeniz T, Bayik M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Hematology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, +Istanbul, Turkey. demiralp@marmara.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is characterized by +accumulation of CD5(+) B lymphocytes. Decreased VLA-4 (Cd49d/CD29) and CD11a +expression and defective adhesion in B-CLL have been previously shown, although +there was no substantial data about its importance in immunobiology of B-CLL. The +hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, c-met, plays a role in adhesion by +acting on VLA-4. c-met and VLA-4 share crucial signaling molecules in cell +survival. In this study, relationship between expressions of c-met and CD49d, +CD11a, and additional common signaling molecules in B-CLL was investigated. +METHODS: White blood cells from 24 patients with CLL were studied by flow +cytometry and/or western blotting prior to and after culturing with recombinant +HGF. HGF level from sera was measured with a bead-based flow cytometric assay. +RESULTS: c-metα and c-metβ were expressed on B-CLL cells, while no expression was +observed on normal donor CD19+ cells. This increase was inversely correlated with +decreased expression of adhesion molecules. Serum level of HGF in B-CLL was found +to be increased. In vitro experiments showed that HGF supported survival in B-CLL +cells supporting the possible function of HGF/c-met pathway in B-CLL. +Furthermore, expressions of critical signaling molecules shared by both VLA-4 and +HGF/c-met systems including Bcl-XL, Akt, PI3K, and phospho-bad(136) following HGF +stimulations of B-CLL cells have been found to be increased. +CONCLUSION: Increased expression of c-met and HGF may bypass the importance of +expression of critical adhesion molecules and support survival of B-CLL cells. +c-met, being one of the surface tyrosine kinases, may serve as a target for +future therapies in B-CLL meriting more attention. + +Copyright © 2010 International Clinical Cytometry Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20553 +PMID: 20809501 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +882. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011 Feb;19(1):131-6. doi: 10.1177/1066896910379478. Epub 2010 +Aug 18. + +A case of prostatic adenocarcinoma with aberrant p63 expression: presentation +with detailed immunohistochemical study and FISH analysis. + +Baydar DE(1), Kulac I, Gurel B, De Marzo A. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Sihhiye, Ankara, +Turkey. dertoy@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Prostate carcinomas showing aberrant diffuse-nuclear p63 expression are extremely +rare, and there is only 1 article in the literature reporting a series of 21 such +cases. We document an additional case of p63-positive prostatic adenocarcinoma in +a 60-year-old man, whose diagnosis was difficult. The patient was found to have +an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level at a general health check-up +and was referred to the hospital. His serum PSA was 4.2 ng/mL. Digital rectal +examination and transrectal ultrasonography did not reveal a lesion. Transrectal +needle biopsy of the prostate detected atypical, small prostatic glands suspected +for adenocarcinoma at 2 cores. However immunohistochemistry showed nuclear p63 +expression in the suspicious glands. Repeat biopsy revealed only high-grade +prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. In the third transrectal biopsy, finding of +the same atypical glands showing perineural invasion facilitated the diagnosis of +malignancy. The patient underwent a radical prostatectomy. Five different small +tumor foci were seen in the prostate after pathological evaluation, one of which +was p63 positive and the others p63 negative. The largest of the classic +p63-negative tumors showed a TMPRSS2-ERG translocation by fluorescent in situ +hybridization while the p63-positive tumor did not. The authors submit that this +subtype (p63-positive prostate adenocarcinoma) should be listed among the +recognized rare variants of prostatic adenocarcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896910379478 +PMID: 20719821 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +883. Acta Cytol. 2010 Jul-Aug;54(4):601-4. + +Pleural liposarcoma mimicking carcinoma in pleural effusion cytology: a case +report. + +Dagli AF(1), Pehlivan S, Ozercan MR. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey. +ferda58@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Primary pleural liposarcoma is extremely rare, and its most common +subtype is the myxoid subtype. To the best of our knowledge, the number of cases +reported up to now is <20. It is primarily a disease ofindividuals 50 years of +age and it is more common in men. It has no specific symptoms except for cough +and chest pain. +CASE: A 56-year-old female presented complaining of chest pain and dyspnea for 4 +months. An increase in homogeneous density on the left hemithorax, from the apex +to basal area, with blurring of the borders of the heart and the diaphragm, was +revealed by lung radiography. Thoracic computed tomography revealed a diffuse +pleural effusion causing compressive atelectasis at the base of the left +hemithorax. Cytologic examination of the pleural fluid demonstrated tumoral cells +forming papillary structures with complex branching and fine fibrovascular core. +The tumor cells were relatively uniform and had vacuolar cytoplasm with +hyperchromatic nuclei. Upon finding CA-125 positive in the immunocytochemical +examination, the case was reported as "consistent with malignancy, possibility of +ovarian origin, cannot be excluded". As the gynecologic examination was normal, +exploratory thoracotomy was performed to take a biopsy. The case was diagnosed as +liposarcoma (myxoid type) by histopathologic examination. +CONCLUSION: Cytologic diagnosis of pleural liposarcoma is difficult due to its +rarity and resemblance to malignant mesothelioma. Cytologic properties of +liposarcoma in pleural fluid should be well known and considered in the +differential diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325185 +PMID: 20715664 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +884. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(5):353-8. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2010.494704. + +Goldston syndrome in a fetus: case report and literature review. + +Avcu S(1), Akdeniz H, Unal O, Kurdoğlu M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Radiology, Yüzüncü Yil University, Van, Turkey. + +We present a case of the Goldston syndrome which is the association of polycystic +kidneys with Dandy-Walker malformation. The diagnosis was made by ultrasound in +twenty second week of gestation. Obstetric ultrasound and fetal MRI studies +showed hydrocephalus, agenesis of the cerebellar hemispheres, vermian hypoplasia, +cystic dilatation of the 4(th) ventricle, enlargement of the posterior fossa, +abdominal distension, and oligohydramnios.. The kidneys were symmetrically +enlarged and multicystic. To our knowledge this is the third reported case of +Goldston syndrome which was diagnosed during intrauterine life. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2010.494704 +PMID: 20704482 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +885. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(5):330-7. doi: 10.3109/15513815.2010.494699. + +Prenatal diagnsis of intracardiac hamartoma and Turner syndrome. + +Gedikbasi A(1), Oztarhan K, Yararbas K, Arslan O, Yildirim D, Oztek I, Ceylan Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Bakirkoy Maternity and +Children Diseases Hospital, Turkey. alged_1971@yahoo.com + +Turner syndrome is associated with a higher frequency of heart defects detected +prenatally when compared to postnatal reports. The most common heart defects +detected prenatally are hypoplastic left heart syndrome and coarctation of the +aorta. We report a case involving a fetus at 16 gestational weeks with a septated +cystic hygroma located on the neck and head, an interventricular septal mass, a +hypoplastic left ventricle due to aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis, and a +hypoplastic aortic arch with a karyotype of mos 45, X, [47 cells]/47, XXX [3 +cells]. The autopsy findings confirmed our prenatal diagnosis with a final +diagnosis of Turner syndrome and congenital cardiac vascular malformation. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513815.2010.494699 +PMID: 20704479 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +886. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(5):299-304. doi: 10.3109/15513811003796904. + +An infantile leiomyosarcoma that metastasized from the small intestine to the +adrenal gland. + +Sahin D(1), Cetiner H, Mirapoglu S, Mete O. + +Author information: +(1)Zeynep Kamil Maternal and Child Disease Educational and Research Hospital, +Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey. davutpato@gmail.com + +In the literature, there is no reported pediatric leiomyosarcoma case that has +metastasized from the small intestine to the adrenal gland. A 10-year-old boy who +had anemia and weight loss over 2 years presented with abdominal pain that began +1 week previously. Radiologic examination revealed bilateral adrenal tumors. At +the time of surgery, the terminal ileum was resected and a tru-cut biopsy was +done from the right adrenal mass. The pathology report was leiomyosarcoma for +both of the resection and tru-cut specimens. We present an intestinal +leiomyosarcoma that metastasized from the small intestine to both adrenal glands +with clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical studies with a literature +review. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003796904 +PMID: 20704475 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +887. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Jul-Sep;53(3):541-3. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.68291. + +Papillary renal cell carcinoma with lipocyte-like cells: a rare morphological +variant or an indication of aggressiveness? + +Sari A(1), Evcim G, Ermete M, Bal K, Bolukbasi A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common carcinoma of the +kidney, which is classified into two types. Type 1 displays single layer of cells +with scanty pale cytoplasm and type 2 has pseudostratified high-grade nuclei with +eosinophilic cytoplasm. Recently, apart from these two types, oncocytic PRCC and +clear-cell PRCC have been described. To the best of our knowledge, lipocyte-like +cells have not yet been reported to accompany any subtypes of renal cell +carcinoma. Herein, we report a case of PRCC with lipocyte-like cells and +sarcomatoid features. Lipocyte-like cells might represent a special type of PRCC +or this feature may be an indication of poor prognosis regarding its association +with sarcomatoid change. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.68291 +PMID: 20699521 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +888. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Jul-Sep;53(3):470-5. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.68281. + +Comparison of FibroTest-ActiTest with histopathology in demonstrating fibrosis +and necroinflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis B and C. + +Uyar C(1), Akcam FZ, Ciris M, Kaya O, Kockar C, Isler M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases, Suleyman Demirel Universty Medical +Education and Research Hospital, Isparta, Turkey. + +AIMS: FibroTest and ActiTest are noninvasive tests used in determining the level +of fibrosis and the degree of necroinflammatory activity in the liver. In our +study, we aimed to investigate whether these tests could be alternative to liver +biopsy. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients were included in the study. Serum samples +were obtained and liver needle biopsy was performed on the same day. Levels of +fibrosis in FibroTest and levels of activity in ActiTest, both determined via +serum biochemical markers, were compared with levels of fibrosis and activity in +histopathological examination. For statistical analyses, Mc Nemar chi square test +and Spearman's correlation tests were used. +RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between fibrosis in biopsy +and the level of fibrosis in FibroTest in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) +(rho: 0.67, P < 0.0001). However, no significant correlation was determined +between the activity in biopsy and the degree of activity in ActiTest (rho: 0.29, +P < 0.05). No significant correlation was determined between both fibrosis and +activity established in biopsy and the results of FibroTest and ActiTest in the +group of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) (rho: 0.22, P < 0.05 and rho: +0.15, P < 0.05, respectively). +CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that novel and safer noninvasive biochemical +tests are needed as an alternative to histopathology in patients infected with +HBV and HCV. Consequently, we believe that liver biopsy maintains its place as a +gold standard in determining the histopathological condition of the liver. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.68281 +PMID: 20699505 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +889. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Jul-Sep;53(3):451-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.68272. + +Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 in chronic tonsillitis. + +Dilek FH(1), Sahin O, Tokyol C, Mazlum M, Aycicek A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology and Ear, Nose, Kocatepe University, School of +Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: Prostaglandins are critical mediators of inflammation and affect both +humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Recent findings show that T and B +cells express COX-2 upon activation. The purpose of this study is to investigate +the potential occurrence of COX-1 and COX-2 immunoreactivity in cases of chronic +tonsillitis and to determine the sites of their expression. In addition, their +expression in adult patients is compared with that in child patients. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical techniques were used to evaluate the +expression of the enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, in chronic tonsillitis tissue +specimens from adults (n = 15) and children (n = 15). +RESULTS: There was no staining in surface epithelium or reticulated crypt +epithelium. COX-1 and COX-2 expressions were observed mainly in the +intraepithelial lymphoid cells in reticulated crypt epithelium and subepithelial +cells. Also, COX-1 and COX-2 stained cells were found in the germinal center. +There was no difference of the expressions of COX-1 and COX-2 among adults and +children. The only significant difference noted between the adults and children +was that, the adults had rich subepithelial plasma cells. +CONCLUSION: Activated B and T cells express COX-1 and COX-2 in paraffin-embedded +tissue sections of chronic tonsillitis. Further studies need to be performed to +elucidate expression of COX enzymes and their immunologic role in tonsil +diseases. They will play an important role in the treatment of chronic +tonsillitis. Additional studies are warranted to study the effects of NSAIDs and +selective COX-2 inhibitors in chronic tonsillitis. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.68272 +PMID: 20699501 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +890. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2011 Mar;32(1):83-9. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181edf2c0. + +The importance of tenascin and ubiquitin in estimation of wound age. + +Guler H(1), Aktas EO, Karali H, Aktas S. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Izmir, Turkey. + +Human wound age determination is of prime importance in forensic sciences. +Ubiquitin is a small protein required for ATP-dependent, nonlysosomal +intracellular protein degradation, which eliminates most of the intracellular +defective proteins. Tenascin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein. The aim of +this study was to determine the importance of ubiquitin and tenascin in wound +age. Ubiquitin and tenascin were immunohistochemically applied on formalin-fixed +paraffin-embedded tissues of 170 wound biopsies taken from 89 autopsy cases with +known wound age. Pearson correlation analysis was performed for statistical +analysis. The mean age was 39.44 years. Tenascin was negative in 123 cases +(72.4%) in all series, and it was negative in 98.3% in cases with wound age under +24 hours. It was positive in 91.8% in cases with wound age over 24 hours. Mean +number of cells which expressed ubiquitin was 10.56%, while it was 4.25% in cases +with wound age under 24 hours, and it was 26.14% in cases with wound age over 24 +hours. The correlation analysis showed that both tenascin and ubiquitin were +positively correlated with wound age. But in cases with wound age over 40 days, +tenascin was found to be negative and ubiquitin was still expressed in +fibroblasts. We concluded that tenascin and ubiquitin together was useful in +determining wound age semiquantitatively. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181edf2c0 +PMID: 20683320 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +891. Dis Markers. 2010;28(6):353-60. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2010-0715. + +Prognostic significance of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations in pediatric T-ALL. + +Erbilgin Y(1), Sayitoglu M, Hatirnaz O, Dogru O, Akcay A, Tuysuz G, Celkan T, +Aydogan G, Salcioglu Z, Timur C, Yuksel-Soycan L, Ure U, Anak S, Agaoglu L, +Devecioglu O, Yildiz I, Ozbek U. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Experimental Medicine, Department of Genetics, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +The NOTCH signaling pathway plays important role in the development of +multicellular organisms, as it regulates cell proliferation, survival, and +differentiation. In adults, it is essential for the T- or B-lymphocyte lineage +commitment. NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations both lead the activation of the NOTCH1 +pathway and are found in the majority of T-ALL patients. In this study, the +mutation analysis of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 genes was performed in 87 pediatric T-ALLs +who were treated on the ALL-BFM protocols. In 19 patients (22%), activating +NOTCH1 mutations were observed either in the heterodimerization domain or in the +PEST domain and 7 cases (10%) demonstrated FBXW7 mutations (2 cases had both +NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations). We also analyzed the relationship of the mutation +data between the clinical and biological data of the patients. NOTCH1 and FBXW7, +NOTCH1 alone were found correlated with lower initial leucocyte counts which was +independent from the sex and T- cell immunophenotype. However, NOTCH1 and FBXW7 +mutations were not predictive of outcome in the overall cohort of pediatric +T-ALLs. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2010-0715 +PMCID: PMC3833232 +PMID: 20683149 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +892. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Oct 15;206(10):700-4. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.05.009. Epub +2010 Jul 31. + +Can telomere alterations predict biochemical recurrence in prostate +adenocarcinoma? A preliminary study. + +Baydar DE(1), Ozen H, Geyik PO, Gurel B. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Sihhiye, Ankara, +Turkey. dertoy@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Telomeres function in human somatic tissues to stabilize chromosome ends. +Telomere shortening can be one of the ways that cause chromosomal instability in +the pathogenesis of prostatic carcinoma. In the current study, we evaluated +telomere length (TL) in normal and malignant prostate tissues, and its +association with prognostic factors and with time to biochemical tumor +recurrence. Tissue microarrays constructed from paraffin blocks from radical +prostatectomy specimens containing 61 randomly selected cases were used. Sections +were hybridized with a Cy3-labeled telomere-specific peptide nucleic acid probe. +TL, proportional to probe fluorescence intensity, was visually evaluated. +Statistical analysis was done to relate TL clinical and pathological prognostic +variables. The majority (49/61) of prostate cancers displayed abnormally short +telomeres. Univariate analysis revealed inverse correlation between telomere +shortening in tumor and Gleason scores (p=0.017). Multivariate analyses pointed +to TL as an independent predictor in addition to serum pre-operative PSA for +reduced biochemical progression-free survival (p=0.035). Telomere shortening is a +common alteration in prostatic adenocarcinoma. Normal or long telomeres are +rarely seen and, when present, seem to provide a growth advantage for the tumor +as being an advocate for poor differentiation. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.05.009 +PMID: 20674190 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +893. Exp Mol Pathol. 2010 Dec;89(3):314-20. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.07.006. Epub +2010 Jul 27. + +Protective effects of melatonin on testicular torsion/detorsion-induced +ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. + +Kanter M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of +Trakya, Edirne 22030, Turkey. mkanter65@yahoo.com + +Testicular torsion causes an enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species, which +contributes to the pathophysiology of tissue damage. The aim of this study was to +investigate the protective effect of melatonin on testicular +torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. A total of 24 male +Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups of 8 animals each: control, +I/R, and I/R treated with melatonin. The ischemia period was 5 h and orchiectomy +was performed after 5 h of detorsion. Melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally +[i.p.]) was administrated only once, 40 min prior to detorsion. Spermatogenesis +and mean seminiferous tubule diameter (MSTD) were significantly decreased in the +I/R groups were compared to the control group. Furthermore, the melatonin treated +animals showed an improved histological appearance in the I/R group. Our data +indicate a significant reduction in the activity of TUNEL; there was a rise in +the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and testosterone in +testes tissue of the I/R group treated with melatonin therapy. Electron +microscopy of the testes of the rats demonstrated that pretreatment with +melatonin was particularly effective in preventing mitochondrial degeneration, +dilatation of SER, and enlarged intercellular spaces in both Sertoli and +spermatid cells in the I/R treated animals. We believe that further preclinical +research into the utility of melatonin may indicate its usefulness as a potential +treatment on testes injury after I/R in rats. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.07.006 +PMID: 20670623 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +894. Int J Surg Pathol. 2010 Oct;18(5):339-40. doi: 10.1177/1066896910373925. Epub +2010 Jul 28. + +Prostate tissue within teratoma component of malignant mixed germ cell tumor. + +Kilicaslan I(1), Gulluoglu M, Ozluk Y, Onat E, Cakir E. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896910373925 +PMID: 20667927 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +895. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2011 Jul-Aug;20(4):232-7. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2010.06.008. +Epub 2010 Jul 29. + +Primary cardiac undifferentiated sarcoma: role of intraoperative imprint cytology +and frozen section of two cases. + +Turhan N(1), Ozgüler Z, Cağlı K, Cağlı K, Gölbaşı Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Turkiye Yuksek Ihtisas Teaching and Research +Hospital, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. nesrinturhan@hotmail.com + +Primary cardiac tumors are very rare, and a vast majority of such malignant +tumors are sarcomas. Associated symptoms are usually vague and nonspecific +resulting in a late diagnosis and poorer prognosis. Most cardiac sarcomas have +been reported in autopsy series. Although echocardiography may help make a +diagnosis of a cardiac sarcoma, histopathological confirmation is quintessential. +Presented here are two cases of patients who underwent successful surgery for the +removal of a cardiac tumor, along with echocardiographic, cytological, and +histopathological findings as well as a compact literature review. In both +patients, the masses were on the surface of the mitral valve, and intraoperative +evaluation of frozen sections and imprint cytology were indicative of a "probably +malignant" mesenchymal tumor prompting more extensive surgical resection. +Immunohistochemical staining of the resected material in both cases was only +positive for vimentin, leading to a diagnosis of undifferentiated sarcoma. One of +the patients died 3 months after surgery, while the other who received adjuvant +chemotherapy was still alive after 4 months. Surgery remains the most definite +treatment for cardiac sarcomas. The use of intraoperative frozen section and +imprint cytology plays an important role in the decision to extend surgical +resection. + +Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2010.06.008 +PMID: 20667750 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +896. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Jan;64(1-2):93-101. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.06.011. Epub +2010 Jul 20. + +The effects of some boron compounds against heavy metal toxicity in human blood. + +Turkez H(1), Geyikoglu F, Tatar A, Keles MS, Kaplan I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, +Turkey. hasanturkez@gmail.com + +Heavy metals can accumulate in the environment and cause serious damages to +ecosystems and human health. Boron is considered to be essential micronutrient +with its well established biological functions and the antioxidant effects of +boric acid (BA) are controversial. However, the potential of important boron +compounds in cellular activities remains unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to +assess the efficacies of some boron compounds (BA, borax, colemanite and ulexite) +on the genotoxicity induced by heavy metals (arsenic trioxide, colloidal bismuth +subcitrate, cadmium chloride, mercury chloride and lead chloride) in human blood +cultures. For this aim, sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) +assays were performed to establish DNA damages in lymphocytes. Besides, oxidative +stress was monitored by estimating the changes of main antioxidant enzyme +activities and the levels of total glutathione (TGSH) in erythrocytes. The +present study showed that heavy metal treatments increased the frequencies of SCE +and MN and the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level; decreased the antioxidant +enzyme activities and the level of TGSH compared to controls. Whereas, the tested +boron compounds (5-20 ppm) significantly reduced the genotoxic effects induced by +low doses of heavy metals. Our results revealed that the protective roles of +boron compounds occurred with the effectiveness on their anti-oxidant capacity. +In conclusion, these compounds could be useful in the development of functional +food and raw materials of medicine. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.06.011 +PMID: 20663653 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +897. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2011 Mar-Apr;14(2):138-43. doi: 10.2350/10-01-0778-CR.1. Epub +2010 Jul 26. + +Sertoliform cystadenoma: a case with overlapping features. + +Kacar A(1), Senel E, Caliskan D, Demirel F, Tiryaki T. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Child Diseases Hematology and Oncology Education and Research Hospital, +Pediatric Pathology Department, Altindag, Ankara, Turkey. ayperkacar@yahoo.com + +The 1st pediatric case of sertoliform cystadenoma with unique features is +described herein. The patient is a 6-year-old boy who presented with gynecomastia +and a left testicular cystic mass. Histopathologically the tumor was found to +originate from the rete channels, filling and distending them with areas of mural +Sertoli cell proliferations reminiscent of large cell Sertoli cell tumor +(noncalcifying form) and showing widespread intratubular Sertoli cell +proliferation islands in the vicinity. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical +features are described in light of the relevant literature. + +DOI: 10.2350/10-01-0778-CR.1 +PMID: 20658931 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +898. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Sep;31(3):243-6. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181ee01d9. + +Consistency of postmortem interval estimations of physicians using only +postmortem changes of putrefied dead bodies. + +Aydin B(1), Colak B, Balci Y, Demirüstü C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis +University, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey. drbernaaydin@yahoo.com + +Erratum in + Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2012 Jun;33(2):183. Aydn, Berna [corrected to Aydin, +Berna]; Balc, Yasemin [corrected to Balci, Yasemin]. + +The postmortem interval is estimated based on physical, biochemical, and +morphologic changes in dead bodies, scene investigation findings, and judicial +investigation findings. Many factors affect the onset and the course of the +postmortem changes. There is no established method for accurate estimation of the +postmortem interval, especially with regard to putrefied dead bodies. Aiming to +determine the consistency and the variation of postmortem interval estimations in +cases with various putrefaction degrees by forensic medicine assistants and +specialists from different centers, a prospective study was undertaken. A form +containing data about the time, environment, and geographical location where the +cases were found, along with their postmortem changes was mailed to 110 forensic +medicine assistants and specialists from different centers, who were also asked +to note their postmortem interval estimations. About half of the forms were +returned. Those postmortem interval estimations made based on the information +included in the forms, showed great variability between the participants, and in +only 6 cases a consistency exceeding 50% was found between the participants and +the autopsy teams. It is not possible to estimate the postmortem interval in a +standard way by using only the postmortem changes of putrefied bodies. Therefore, +especially in the cases involving putrefied bodies, in addition to the postmortem +changes, factors such as environmental conditions, the scene, and judicial +investigation findings should be taken into consideration. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181ee01d9 +PMID: 20634667 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +899. Diagn Cytopathol. 2011 Jun;39(6):424-7. doi: 10.1002/dc.21406. Epub 2010 Jul 6. + +A valuable adjunct to FNA diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma: in-house PCR +assay for BRAF T1799A (V600E). + +Kucukodaci Z(1), Akar E, Haholu A, Baloglu H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Kadikoy-Istanbul, +Turkey. drzkpat@ttmail.com + +The diagnostic approach to thyroid nodules generally starts with FNA cytology. +However, approximately one-fifth of cytologic evaluations yield indeterminate +cytological findings but only 20% of cases with indeterminate thyroid nodule +cytology have a cancer diagnosis, emphasizing the need for an effective ancillary +test based on FNA material to help prevent unnecessary surgery. Detection of +BRAFV600E mutation, the genetic signature of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in +FNA material provides an invaluable diagnostic adjunct to overcome the +limitations of FNA cytology. There are many ways to detect V600E, such as direct +DNA sequencing, allele-specific PCR and hybridization-based colorimetric methods. +In this study, a newer simple PCR method is presented that removes requirements +for sequencing special equipment and commercial kits. Two forward primers +including the mutant sequence specific (F2), and one common reverse (R) primer +were optimized to generate a 241 bp fragment (F1R), an internal PCR control, and +a 141 bp fragment (F2R) denoting the presence of V600E. Sensitivity studies +revealed that the assay is capable of detecting V600E even in 1 ng of DNA. Direct +sequencing data of 241 bp F1R fragment proved the specificity of the assay. For +validation studies of the sequence specific multiplex PCR assay, archival FNA +slides were used in a group of thyroid lesions including PTC, follicular +carcinoma, follicular adenoma, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and benign thyroid nodules. +The newer PCR-based method presented in this study is a practical, inexpensive +one-step assay to detect the BRAF T1796A mutation on FNA samples. + +Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21406 +PMID: 20607744 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +900. Histol Histopathol. 2010 Sep;25(9):1215-28. doi: 10.14670/HH-25.1215. + +Particular functions of estrogen and progesterone in establishment of uterine +receptivity and embryo implantation. + +Ozturk S(1), Demir R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. + +The process of embryo implantation requires synchronized development of +blastocyst and timely establishment of uterine receptivity. Establishment of +uterine receptivity, preimplantation embryo development and embryo implantation +events are mainly regulated by certain factors, including cytokines, chemokines, +growth factors and steroid hormones. Recent studies suggest that steroid +hormones, especially estrogen and progesterone, play important roles in +supporting endometrial preparations to establish endometrial receptivity. Timely +establishment of endometrial receptivity is a crucial process for providing +successful embryo implantation. Although many investigations until now have been +performed to precisely understand the effects of estrogen and progesterone on +acquiring uterine receptivity and embryo implantation in humans and rodents, +there are limited numbers of studies that largely focus on this subject. +Therefore, in this article we discuss the studies associated with significant +functions of estrogen and progesterone in establishing receptive endometrium and +the process of embryo implantation in humans and rodents. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-25.1215 +PMID: 20607663 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +901. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(4):212-23. doi: 10.3109/15513811003786319. + +Evaluation of effects of s-methyl isothiourea and melatonin on intestinal +ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. + +Tunc T(1), Demirin H, Karaoglu A, Kesik V, Temiz A, Ozler M, Sadir S, Atabek C, +Kul M, Oztas E, Korkmaz A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical +Academy, Ankara, Turkey. drturantunc@yahoo.com + +The present study was designed to evaluate whether the administration of +s-methylisothiourea and melatonin has protective potential in intestinal +ischemia/reperfusion injury. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into +five groups. Ileal specimens were obtained to determine the levels of +malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl content, levels of antioxidant enzymes and +evaluation of histologic changes. Combination of s-methylisothiourea and +melatonin, led to a statistically significant increase in activities of +antioxidant enzymes with a decrease in malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl +content and intestinal mucosal injury scores. It was shown; combination of SMT +and melatonin may exert more promised results. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003786319 +PMID: 20594145 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +902. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2010 Oct;34(5):273-8. doi: 10.3109/01913121003788729. + +Beneficial effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on hepatocyte damage +induced by bile duct ligation: an electron microscopic examination. + +Eşrefoğlu M(1), Ara C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey. +drmukaddes@hotmail.com + +Recently the authors have reported the potent beneficial effect of caffeic acid +phenethyl ester (CAPE) on cholestatic oxidative liver injury induced by acute +bile ligation in Swiss albino rats. Herein, they report the ultrastructural +hepatocellular alterations induced by acute bile duct ligation and the effect of +CAPE administration on these alterations. Bile duct ligation resulted in many +degenerative changes, such as vacuolization, mitochondrial degeneration, +endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, and lysosome accumulation within the cytoplasm +of hepatocytes. Mitochondrial degeneration was also observed within the cytoplasm +of the cells of biliary ductular epithelium. CAPE potentially protected the +hepatocytes from the cholestasis-induced cellular injury. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913121003788729 +PMID: 20568990 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +903. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2010 Oct;34(5):252-9. doi: 10.3109/01913121003775114. + +The utility of electron microscopy in cytopathology. + +Etit D(1), Selig M, Faquin WC, Pitman MB, Tambouret RH, Misdraji J, Petur Nielsen +G. + +Author information: +(1)Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Pathology, Mavisehir, Izmir, Turkey. +demetetit@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: The use of ultrastructural analysis in the diagnostic work-up of +histologic specimens has been well studied but less is known about the utility of +electron microscopy (EM) in cytopathology. +DESIGN: 149,006 non-gynecologic cytology cases at the Massachusetts General +Hospital between the years 1993 and 2006 were searched to identify those in which +material had been submitted for EM. Cytologic and EM diagnoses were correlated +with available histologic diagnoses. The results were put into one of three +categories: confirmatory, diagnostic, or insufficient material for diagnosis +(IMFD). +RESULTS: Material for EM was obtained from 178 cytology cases that included 131 +fine-needle aspirates (FNA) and 47 exfoliative specimens. EM provided additional +diagnostic information beyond that offered by cytologic examination alone in 32% +of cases, and in 48% of cases EM confirmed the cytologic findings. Insufficient +material and discrepant results were noted for EM evaluation in 19% of cases and +in 1% cases respectively. EM was most useful when applied to FNAs for +subclassifying tumors as epithelial or mesenchymal (45.6%), for the diagnosis of +non-neoplastic processes (15.7%) such as alveolar proteinosis and amyloidosis, +and for the identification of microorganisms (12.2%). In our study, although EM +was infrequently applied to exfoliative specimens to distinguish mesothelioma +from adenocarcinoma, it proved to be very useful in this setting. +CONCLUSION: When adequate material is obtained, EM can contribute significantly +to the evaluation of both FNA and exfoliative cytology cases, including the +diagnosis and subclassification of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors, +non-neoplastic processes, and the identification of microorganisms. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913121003775114 +PMID: 20568988 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +904. Virchows Arch. 2010 Jul;457(1):21-5. doi: 10.1007/s00428-010-0941-5. Epub 2010 +Jun 18. + +Indian ink vs tissue marking dye: a quantitative comparison of two widely used +macroscopical staining tool. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Guner G, Ates D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, +Bilkent Yolu No: 3, 06640, Ankara, Turkey. dokemal@hotmail.com + +The evaluation of the surgical margins is a major concern in surgical pathology, +and marking of surgical margins with substances such as alcian blue, Tipp-ex, +artist's pigments, colored gelatin, starch, erythrocyte layers, etc. was +recommended for this purpose; Indian ink and tissue marking dyes are widely used. +As there is no systematic study comparing tissue marking dyes and Indian ink as +the most common substances used for the purpose, this study was conducted to +compare the two. Penetration into the tissue, brightness under the microscope, +the spreading area of one drop of dye on tissue paper, the intensity of colors, +and unit price were compared for each of the five colors of Rotring's Indian ink +and Thermo-Shandon's tissue marking dyes, applied on reduction mammoplasty +specimens. Rotring's Indian ink is proved to be just as effective as +Thermo-Shandon's tissue marking dye and bares the majority of the characteristics +of a perfect staining substance, which are easily applied, quickly fixed, durable +and cheap, contain no potential contaminants, be work safe, would not +smudge/stain surrounding tissues, and look bright under the microscope without +obscuring the view. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0941-5 +PMID: 20559655 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +905. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Apr-Jun;53(2):345-6. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.64344. + +Left ovarian gonadoblastoma with yolk sac tumor in a young woman. + +Gelincik I(1), Ozen S, Bayram I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, +Turkey. + +Gonodoblastomas with ovarian germ cell tumors other than dysgerminoma coexists +very rarely with yolk sac tumor (YST). Because of this rarity, we report a case +of gonadoblastoma with YST. An 18-year-old female patient was admitted to our +hospital with an abdomino-pelvic mass. Ultrasonographical examinations revealed a +15X14 cm heterogenous pelvic mass with calcific foci in the left adnexal area. +Macroscopically, the resected mass was oval and measured 18X15X15 cm and weighed +3150 gm. Histological examination showed both gonadoblastic and YST areas. There +were many gonadoblastic nests in the subcapsular areas of the tumor. The +gonadoblastic nests were composed of large and small cells. The YST areas showed +enteric differentiation and numerous hyaline globules. Immunohistochemical +examination may help in the diagnosis of these gonadoblastoma with YST. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.64344 +PMID: 20551554 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +906. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Sep 15;206(9):607-10. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.04.004. Epub +2010 May 23. + +Prognostic significance of CD9 expression in locally advanced gastric cancer +treated with surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. + +Soyuer S(1), Soyuer I, Unal D, Ucar K, Yildiz OG, Orhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Radiation Oncology Department, Erciyes University Medical School, Kayseri, +Turkey. + +The tetraspanin transmembrane protein CD9 plays an important role in inhibiting +cell motility in numerous neoplastic cell lines, including lung, gastric, +pancreatic, and bladder carcinomas. The prognostic importance of CD9 in the +survival of gastric carcinoma patients has not been examined to date, and in the +present study, we attempted to define its prognostic value. The study included 49 +(35 men and 14 women) patients with locally advanced (stages II-IV) gastric +cancer. The median age was 55 years (range, 22-73 years). Surgery was the initial +treatment for all patients, followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Tissue +sections were evaluated immunohistochemically with a monoclonal anti-CD9 +antibody. Of the 49 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, 11 (22.4%) were +CD9-positive, and 38 (77.6%) were CD9-negative. A significant prognostic value in +disease-free survival and overall survival was observed in T classification and +CD9 positivity. In conclusion, CD9 expression in gastric cancer appears to be +associated with poor prognosis. + +Copyright 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.04.004 +PMID: 20547009 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +907. Diagn Pathol. 2010 Jun 14;5:35. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-35. + +Poor prognostic clinicopathologic features correlate with VEGF expression but not +with PTEN expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. + +Sullu Y(1), Gun S, Atmaca S, Karagoz F, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Samsun, Turkey. yurdanursullu@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between expression of +vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and phosphatase and tensin homolog +deleted in chromosome ten (PTEN), angiogenesis and clinicopathological parameters +of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.METHODS: We examined immunohistochemical +expression of VEGF and PTEN and CD34 for microvessel density (MVD) in sections of +formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks of 140 patients with squamous +cell carcinoma of the larynx. The intensity of VEGF and PTEN staining and the +proportion of cells staining were scored. +RESULTS: The tumor grade was not significantly related to PTEN expression, but it +was to VEGF expression (p = 0.400; p = 0.015, respectively). While there was no +significant relationship between PTEN expression and tumor size and cartilage +invasion (p = 0.311, p = 0.128), there was a significant relationship between the +severity of VEGF expression and tumor size (p = 0.006) and lymph node metastasis +(p = 0.048) but not cartilage invasion (p = 0.129). MVD was significantly higher +in high-grade tumors (p = 0.003) but had no significant relationship between MVD, +lymph node metastasis, and cartilage invasion (p = 0.815, p = 0.204). There was +also no significant relationship between PTEN and VEGF expression (p = 0.161) and +between PTEN and VEGF expression and the MVD (p = 0.120 and p = 0.175, +respectively). +CONCLUSIONS: Increased VEGF expression may play an important role in the outcome +of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. PTEN expression was not related to VEGF +expression and clinicopathological features of squamous cell carcinoma of the +larynx. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-35 +PMCID: PMC2904738 +PMID: 20546613 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +908. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Jun;134(6):826-36. doi: 10.1043/1543-2165-134.6.826. + +Gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease): controversies in diagnosis and +classification. + +Ensari A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +aensari@tr.net + +CONTEXT: Celiac disease, or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is a chronic +inflammatory disorder of the small intestine characterized by malabsorption after +ingestion of gluten in individuals with a certain genetic background. Clinical +presentation can vary from full-blown malabsorption to subtle and atypical +symptoms. Diagnosis currently relies on clinicopathologic studies including +mucosal biopsy, serologic tests, and the effects of a diet free of gluten on the +symptoms. Mucosal pathologic features are also variable, ranging from mild +abnormalities, including intraepithelial lymphocytosis, to completely flat +mucosa. Since patients with minimal histologic lesion of intraepithelial +lymphocytosis often present with normal serologic findings, biopsy diagnosis +becomes more important for identifying such individuals. Classification of +mucosal pathology in gluten-sensitive enteropathy has been a subject of +controversy among pathologists and needs to be revised according to the current +understanding of the disease. +OBJECTIVES: To highlight the variations in clinical and pathologic presentation +of gluten-sensitive enteropathy, to emphasize the importance of small-intestinal +biopsy evaluation in the diagnosis, and to propose a new classification of +mucosal pathology in gluten-sensitive enteropathy, in an effort to overcome the +problems related to the classification systems currently available. +DATA SOURCES: A review of the literature on clinicopathologic features and the +morphologic spectrum of gluten-sensitive enteropathy is presented. +CONCLUSIONS: Considering that there are many entities in the differential +diagnosis of gluten-sensitive enteropathy, because of the varied +clinicopathologic spectrum of the disease, diagnosis depends on good +clinicopathologic communication. The classification that is presented in this +review is a simple and practical approach to improve clinicopathologic +correlation in gluten-sensitive enteropathy. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165-134.6.826 +PMID: 20524861 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +909. Exp Mol Pathol. 2010 Oct;89(2):182-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.05.010. Epub 2010 +May 31. + +Novel monoclonal antibodies detect Smad-interacting protein 1 (SIP1) in the +cytoplasm of human cells from multiple tumor tissue arrays. + +Oztas E(1), Avci ME, Ozcan A, Sayan AE, Tulchinsky E, Yagci T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Smad-interacting protein 1 (SIP1, also known as ZEB2) represses the transcription +of E-cadherin and mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in development and +tumor metastasis. Due to the lack of human SIP1-specific antibodies, its +expression in human tumor tissues has not been studied in detail by +immunohistochemistry. Hence, we generated two anti-SIP1 monoclonal antibodies, +clones 1C6 and 6E5, with IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes, respectively. The specificity +of these antibodies was shown by Western blotting studies using siRNA mediated +downregulation of SIP1 and ZEB1 in a human osteosarcoma cell line. In the same +context, we also compared them with 5 commercially available SIP1 antibodies. +Antibody specificity was further verified in an inducible cell line system by +immunofluorescence. By using both antibodies, we evaluated the tissue expression +of SIP1 in paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays consisting of 22 normal and 101 +tumoral tissues of kidney, colon, stomach, lung, esophagus, uterus, rectum, +breast and liver. Interestingly, SIP1 predominantly displayed a cytoplasmic +expression, while the nuclear localization of SIP1 was observed in only 6 cases. +Strong expression of SIP1 was found in distal tubules of kidney, glandular +epithelial cells of stomach and hepatocytes, implicating a co-expression of SIP1 +and E-cadherin. Squamous epithelium of the esophagus and surface epithelium of +colon and rectum were stained with moderate to weak intensity. Normal uterus, +breast and lung tissues remained completely negative. By comparison with their +normal tissues, we observed SIP1 overexpression in cancers of the kidney, breast, +lung and uterus. However, SIP1 expression was found to be downregulated in tumors +from colon, rectum, esophagus, liver and stomach tissues. Finally we did +nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation in 3 carcinoma cell lines and detected SIP1 in +both fractions, nucleus being the dominant one. To our best knowledge, this is +the first comprehensive immunohistochemical study of the expression of SIP1 in a +series of human cancers. Our finding that SIP1 is not exclusively localized to +nucleus suggests that the subcellular localization of SIP1 is regulated in normal +and tumor tissues. These novel monoclonal antibodies may help elucidate the role +of SIP1 in tumor development. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.05.010 +PMID: 20515682 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +910. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Sep;31(3):227-31. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181e214a5. + +Nuclear morphometry in epidermal changes due to electrical current and thermal +energy: trial for usage of image analysis in histological sections. + +Toygar M(1), Demirel B, Karslioglu Y, Tugcu H, Safali M, Senol E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Kecioren, +Ankara, Turkey. mtoygar@yahoo.com + +Distinguishing between injuries resulted from electrical current versus thermal +energy is not only a difficult, but also a controversial issue in forensic +medicine practice.In this study, an electrical current and a cautery were applied +to dorsal skins of 10 rats and biopsies were taken from the injured sites as well +as normal skin. In the histologic sections; some planimetric variables such as +the perimeter, area, diameter equivalent circle, minimum feret, maximum feret, +and the circular form factor of the nuclei located in normal and injured +epidermis were measured with the aid of the computer-assisted image analysis.When +compared with normal skin, all of the variables -nuclear area, perimeter, +diameter equivalent circle, minimum feret, maximum feret, and circular form +factor seemed to be decreased both in the electrical current- and cautery-applied +skin samples.The differences between the variables measured in normal skin and in +electrical- or cautery-applied skin samples were statistically significant (P < +0.05). However none of the variables showed any meaningful differences between +the electrical- and cautery-applied areas.It was concluded that the nuclear +changes due to electrical current and thermal injury are identical and +morphometric analysis seems not to make any further contributions in the +differentiating from each other. Therefore, conventional and more established +methods for detection of metallization would be more effective. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181e214a5 +PMID: 20508490 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +911. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2010 Apr-Jun;24(2):194-7. doi: +10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181c53d0d. + +Serum nitrosative stress levels are increased in Alzheimer disease but not in +vascular dementia. + +Dildar K(1), Sinem F, Gökhan E, Orhan Y, Filiz M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. dkonuk@istanbul.edu.tr + +The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference between +Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia and pure vascular dementia (VaD) in relation to +nitrosative stress levels. We determined serum nitric oxide (NO), oxidized +low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), and 3-nitrotyrosine levels (3-NT) in healthy +elderly individuals (controls, n=15, mean age=73.4+/-7.9 y), AD patients (n=30; +mean age=71.2+/-12.7 y) and VaD patients (n=20; mean age=75.2+/-7.5 y). Patients +were under anticholinesterase drug therapy. Our results showed that serum NO and +ox-LDL levels in AD patients group were significantly higher than in both +controls (P<0.001 and P<0.001) and VaD patients (P<0.01 and P<0.001). However, no +significant differences in plasma NO and ox-LDL levels were found between VaD and +controls. Our study did not reveal significant differences in plasma 3-NT values +of dementia patients when compared with controls. There was a significant +negative correlation between Mini-Mental State Examination score and serum NO +levels in dementia patients (r=-0.349, P<0.01). Serum NO levels were also +positively correlated with serum ox-LDL levels (r=0.358, P<0.01). In conclusion, +elevation in serum levels of NO was present in probable AD patients but not in +VaD patients, and this seems to be related to both ox-LDL levels and cognitive +status. + +DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181c53d0d +PMID: 20505437 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +912. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Sep;31(3):222-6. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181deb863. + +Interinstitutional review of slides for forensic pathology: types of +inconsistencies. + +Ersoy G(1), Akyildiz EU, Korkmaz G, Albek E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Pathology, Istanbul University, Institute of Forensic +Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. gersoy@istanbul.edu.tr + +Because of the specific structure of forensic medicine in Turkey, reexamination +of histopathologic specimens is a frequent practice. The aim of the present study +is the assessment of microscopic diagnostic consistency in forensic pathology +between different laboratories. Reports of the Council of Forensic Medicine +between 2001 and 2004 were examined, and 150 cases with second pathologic +examination were found. Results of histopathologic reports from peripheral +laboratories were compared with those made by the Council pathologists with +regard to diagnostic consistency. Consistency was assessed in 3 groups and 1 +subgroup. Group 1, consistent and minor inconsistency; includes a major +consistency subgroup. Group 2, major inconsistency, is the second diagnosis which +is lethal; group 3, major inconsistency, is the first diagnosis which is lethal. +The lung was found to be the organ with the highest frequency of diagnostic major +inconsistency (group 2 and 3) and major consistency. Bronchopneumonia was the +most common diagnosis. The brain had the highest frequency of intercenter +diagnostic overall consistency (90.2%, group 1). Myocardial infarction was the +diagnosis most frequently rejected on reevaluation (group 3). In conclusion, +forensic pathology requires different experience than surgical ones. In cases of +discrepancy between the anamnesis of the lethal event and pathologic findings, +reevaluation of specimen is mandatory to avoid any diagnostic errors. Quality +assurance systems with all include internal and external control mechanisms will +improve the diagnostic reliability. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181deb863 +PMID: 20498593 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +913. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Sep 15;206(9):651-6. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.04.001. Epub +2010 May 15. + +Expression of heat shock protein 70 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in +placental tissue of preeclamptic and intrauterine growth-restricted pregnancies. + +Barut F(1), Barut A, Dogan Gun B, Kandemir NO, Aktunc E, Harma M, Harma MI, +Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Faculty of Medicine, +Esenköy/Kozlu, 67600 Zonguldak, Turkey. figenbarut@yahoo.com + +Ischemia, hypoxia, and elevated vascular resistance disturb placental functions +by increasing oxidative stress. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is an oxidative +stress marker. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a nitric oxide enzyme +with a key role in pathologic and physiologic angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. +This study was performed to investigate the role of oxidative stress in the +pathogenesis of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) +pregnancies by comparing the levels of HSP70 and eNOS in placentas from women +with these diseases and those with healthy pregnancies. HSP70 and eNOS were +examined using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique on +formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 135 placental villous tissues +obtained from normal pregnancies (n=45) and pregnancies complicated with +preeclampsia (n=45) and IUGR (n=45). The intensity of labeling in placental +tissues with antibodies to HSP70 and eNOS was scored between 0 and 3, using a +semiquantitative scale. HSP70 and eNOS levels were increased in the +syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, and extravillous trophoblast cells of +preeclamptic and IUGR placentas (P<0.001), compared with normal pregnancies. +However, their levels were increased only in the villous endothelial cells of +IUGR placentas (P<0.001). Oxidative stress is thought to play an important role +in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and IUGR pregnancies. + +Copyright 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.04.001 +PMID: 20478661 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +914. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Sep;31(3):218-21. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181e040d4. + +Comparison of the clinical diagnosis and subsequent autopsy findings in medical +malpractice. + +Pakis I(1), Polat O, Yayci N, Karapirli M. + +Author information: +(1)Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkey. +isilpakis@yahoo.com + +The rate of diagnostic error has not declined over the last 30 years despite the +improvement in diagnosis methods. Today, the probability to encounter a major +diagnostic change in autopsy is still high. The special autopsy that provides +clinicians the necessary feedback is performed seldom in our country. This study +has been started upon the claim that the malpractice cases in scope of forensic +cases could be a very useful database. About 525 cases with faulty medical +application that resulted in death have been encountered according to the cases +that have been sent to the Forensic Medical Institution, which has been the +consultative authority of the Ministry of Justice between the years 2001 and +2005. Among these, 375 cases on which autopsies have been conducted are included +in the scope of the study. The cases with and without major diagnostic changes +have been compared in aspects of gender, age groups, and period spent in health +units. When the concordance between autopsy and clinical diagnosis for the 375 +cases that were included in the study is examined, it can be seen that clinical +diagnosis is verified with autopsy in 49.1% of the cases whereas neither autopsy +nor clinical diagnosis was encountered in 14.7% of them. The diseases where +diagnostic faults are mostly encountered are ruptured aortic aneurysm, myocardial +infarction and pneumonia. The majority of the cases without a clinical diagnosis +comprises of complications that occur after operations. In the study, +considerable major diagnostic changes were realized after autopsy, which shows +that autopsy has an important place in Turkey in spite of the improved methods of +diagnosis. Also, in the cases with major diagnostic changes, the medical +malpractice rate was high. This shows that autopsy is influential in revealing +medical malpractice failures. In the study, we found out that the number of +autopsies was high in the cases with a malpractice claim. We aim to increase this +number. We are sure that such increment would increase decision accuracy. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181e040d4 +PMID: 20473143 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +915. Vet Pathol. 2011 May;48(3):576-83. doi: 10.1177/0300985810371309. Epub 2010 May +11. + +Neuropathologic study of border disease virus in naturally infected fetal and +neonatal small ruminants and its association with apoptosis. + +Toplu N(1), Oguzoglu TÇ, Epikmen ET, Aydogan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University ofAdnan Menderes, Isikli, Aydin, Turkey. +nihattoplu@hotmail.com + +The present study describes the pathologic changes and cellular apoptosis in the +central nervous system (CNS) of fetal and neonatal small ruminants infected with +border disease virus (BDV), as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and in situ +hybridization. Abortions of ewes and goats were observed, as were births of lambs +and kids with poor survival rates and nervous signs. Lesions included cerebellar +hypoplasia, porencephaly, hydranencephaly, and nonsuppurative +meningoencephalomyelitis with hypomyelinogenesis. Viral antigens and RNA were +present in neuropil, glial, and neuronal cells, especially in periventricular +areas, cerebellum, and brainstem. TUNEL positivity and labeling of anti-bax and +anti-caspases 3, 8, and 9 were detected in BDV-infected CNSs, especially in glial +and neuronal cells. The double immunostaining and TUNEL assay revealed that in +BDV-infected animals, not only were BDV-infected glial and neuronal cells +undergoing apoptosis, but so were uninfected cells in close vicinity of +BDV-infected cells. The expression of activated caspases 3, 8, 9; bax; and TUNEL +in glial and neuronal cells of the infected fetal and neonatal kids were +significantly (P < .05) higher than those of the infected fetal and neonatal +lambs. Yet, the expression of bcl-2 in the CNSs of the infected fetal and +neonatal lambs was higher (P < .05) in neuronal and glial cells than in those of +the infected fetal and neonatal kids. The results suggest that cell death in the +BDV-infected CNS is induced by intrinsic and extrinsic cascades of apoptotic +pathways. + +DOI: 10.1177/0300985810371309 +PMID: 20460448 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +916. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(3):165-71. doi: 10.3109/15513811003777334. + +Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with left ventricular hypertrophy and +dysrhythmia: a case report. + +Bulbul A(1), Bolat F, Comert S, Demirin H, Tanik C, Bulbul L, Nuhoglu A, Dokucu +AI. + +Author information: +(1)Sisli Children Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Comment in + Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2012 Jun;31(3):190. + +Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in neonatal period is characterized by +insulin hypersecretion. The major feature is severe hypoglycemia, generally +unresponsive to routine medical treatment. Subtotal or total pancreatectomy is +performed in unresponsive cases. In this case report, we present a newborn with +persistent hypoglycemia unresponsive to medical treatment with dysrhythmic left +ventricular hypertrophy. The insulin/C-peptide ratio was 58 as a confirmation of +diagnosis. Since hypoglycemia persisted after the initial medical treatment, a +subtotal pancreatectomy was performed followed by near-total pancreatectomy. A +histologic examination revealed diffuse insulin islets. At the 70th post-natal +day, death occurred due to heart failure and ventricular dysrhythmia. To our +knowledge, severe dysrhythmia and left ventricular hypertrophy in persistent +hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PPH) is identified in the patient. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003777334 +PMID: 20450269 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +917. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(3):127-32. doi: 10.3109/15513811003777284. + +Alpha-fetoprotein producing tumor cells in children with Wilms' tumor. + +Kesik V(1), Ozcan A, Sari E, Guven A, Kismet E, Koseoglu V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Oncology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. vural73@yahoo.com + +Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is generally used as a marker in diagnosis and follow-up +of germ cell tumors and hepatoblastomas. However, serum AFP levels were elevated +in our three patients with Wilms tumor. The elevated levels could only be +decreased completely by surgery and not by chemotherapy. Histopathologically, the +tumors consisted of blastemal, stromal, and epithelial cells. Chemotherapy was +only effective on stromal and epithelial components of the tumors. In AFP +staining, the source of AFP production was identified as blastemal tumor cells. +Because the increased AFP levels were decreased after surgery, AFP levels may be +used in the follow-up of the patients with Wilms tumor. Herein, we report three +patients with Wilms tumor whose serum AFP levels were elevated and who had +diffuse WT-1 and focal AFP expression in all tumors, immunohistochemically. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003777284 +PMID: 20450265 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +918. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010;29(3):121-6. doi: 10.3109/15513811003777276. + +Antenatal Bartter syndrome: analysis of two cases with placental findings. + +Dane B(1), Dane C, Aksoy F, Cetin A, Yayla M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Haseki Training & Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The prenatal diagnosis of Bartter syndrome can be based on the high chloride +level in the amniotic fluid. Microscopic examination of the placenta in untreated +cases showed extensive mineralization in the chorionic villi in previous studies. +Two cases were presented at 26-29 weeks of gestation with severe polyhydramnios. +The mothers were treated with Indomethacin, KCl, and serial amniocentesis in +order to reduce the amniotic fluid volume and prevent fetal hypokalemia. The +microscopic examination of the placenta revealed focal calcification and acute +atherosis in placental vessels. The treatment with Indomethacin in the antenatal +period can prevent severe nephrocalcinosis. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003777276 +PMID: 20450264 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +919. Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jun;38(4):592-7. doi: 10.1177/0192623310367806. Epub 2010 +May 6. + +Protective effect of beta-carotene on methotrexate-induced oxidative liver +damage. + +Vardi N(1), Parlakpinar H, Cetin A, Erdogan A, Cetin Ozturk I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Embryology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, +Malatya, Turkey. nvardi@inonu.edu.tr + +In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress on +the hepatic damage caused by methotrexate (MTX) and the possible protective +effects of beta-carotene against this damage. The rats were divided into four +groups as control, MTX (20 mg/kg ip), beta-carotene (10 mg/kg/day ip) + MTX, and +beta-carotene. Histopathologic alterations were evaluated for defining the liver +damage. The tissue, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and +glutathione peroxidase (GP-x) contents and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) +and alanine aminotranferase (ALT) activities were also examined. Histopathologic +damage for each group score findings have been determined as control: 0.66 +/- +0.33; MTX: 7.0 +/- 0.68; beta-carotene + MTX: 3.3 +/- 0.42; and beta-carotene: +0.5 +/- 0.3. In the MTX-treated group, MDA, AST, and ALT values were increased, +while SOD and GP-x values were decreased compared with the control group. In the +beta-carotene + MTX-treated group, AST and ALT values significantly decreased, +while all other parameters were similar to the control group. This study shows +that beta-carotene has a protective effect on MTX-induced oxidative hepatic +damage. Consequently, it seems that an antioxidant agents like beta-carotene may +be useful in decreasing the side effects of chemotherapy. + +DOI: 10.1177/0192623310367806 +PMID: 20448084 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +920. Clin Neuropathol. 2010 May-Jun;29(3):163-8. + +Giant chordoid meningioma symptomatic immediately after pregnancy: report of a +rare case. + +Bakar B(1), Sav A, Tekkok IH. + +Author information: +(1)Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, +Kirikkale, Turkey. bulentbanrs@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Chordoid meningioma is a very rare subtype of meningioma with less +than 90 cases reported in the literature. Meningiomas related with a pregnancy +are also very rare. Herein, we present a pregnancy-associated case of a chordoid +meningioma and briefly discuss possible mechanisms. +CASE HISTORY: Approximately 10 hours after a Caesarean section, a 37-year-old +woman became stuporous with a Glasgow coma scale score of 9 - 10 and the right +pupil became dilated without reaction to light. An emergency computed tomography +scan showed a right frontotemporal lesion measuring 8 x 7 x 6 cm which enhanced +moderately and homogenously after intravenous contrast injection. The patient's +hemoglobin level was slightly lower than normal level but there was no +dysgammaglobulinemia or lymphoid hyperplasia. The patient was immediately taken +to the operating theater and the tumor was gross totally removed. The +postoperative period was uneventful; and histopathological diagnosis was chordoid +meningioma. +CONCLUSION: The exact mechanism causing a pregnancy-associated increase in the +size of meningiomas and the amount of peritumoral edema has not been clearly +elucidated. As for this case of chordoid meningioma associated with pregnancy, we +think mucin accumulation in tumor could be involved in an increase in the tumor +size while delivery procedures with the common anaesthetic and sedative drugs may +also have enhanced the peritumoral edema by causing a relative decrease in the +cerebral blood flow. + + +PMID: 20423691 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +921. Clin Neuropathol. 2010 May-Jun;29(3):151-5. + +Intracranial inflammatory pseudotumor: case report and review of the literature. + +Yavuzer D(1), Dalbayrak S, Oz B, Yilmaz M, Akansel G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. dilekyavuzer@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory pseudotumor is an uncommon lesion of unknown etiology +most frequently involving the lungs and orbits. Primary intracranial inflammatory +pseudotumors are exceptionally rare. Herein, we report a case of inflammatory +pseudotumor that arises from the central nervous system in a 25-year-old man. +MATERIAL AND METHOD: The patient presented with numbness in his right arm and +right leg. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging demonstrated a left +fronto-parietal lobulated mass with intense contrast enhancement and perilesional +edema mimicking a high grade glioma or metastasis. The lesion was removed by +complete surgical resection. +RESULTS: Pathologic examination showed spindle cell proliferation in a +collagenous background with dense infiltrates of mononuclear inflammatory +cells.The spindle cells were diffusely immunopositive for vimentin and focally +positive smooth muscle actin but the cells did not show glial fibrillary acidic +protein, epithelial membrane antigen, synaptophysin, S-100 protein, anaplastic +lymphoma kinase-1 protein and CD1a immunoreactivity. Based on the morphologic and +immunohistochemical findings, the diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor was made. +After surgery, the symptoms had disappeared. No recurrence was observed at the +eleven-month follow-up. +CONCLUSION: Although rare, inflammatory pseudotumor of central nervous system is +important in the differential diagnosis of the tumor-like intracranial lesions. +We discuss the etiopathogenetic, diagnostic and therapeutic issues related to +this entity, and review the literature. + + +PMID: 20423689 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +922. J Clin Pathol. 2010 May;63(5):416-23. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2008.057471. + +Clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses, and osteoclast-rich tumour of the +gastrointestinal tract with features resembling clear cell sarcoma of soft parts: +a review and update. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Folpe AL. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) is a rare, distinctive soft tissue neoplasm, typically +occurring in the distal extremities of young adult patients. Although CCS shows +melanocytic differentiation, it is now clear that it is clinicopathologically and +genetically distinct from conventional malignant melanoma. The 'osteoclast-rich +tumour of the gastrointestinal tract with features resembling clear cell sarcoma +of soft parts' is an extraordinarily rare gastrointestinal neoplasm that shares +some features of CCS, but differs from it in other ways. The historical, +histopathological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and genetic aspects of +these two tumours are reviewed in this article. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2008.057471 +PMID: 20418233 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +923. Diagn Pathol. 2010 Apr 22;5:24. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-24. + +Intrauterine growth restriction and placental angiogenesis. + +Barut F(1), Barut A, Gun BD, Kandemir NO, Harma MI, Harma M, Aktunc E, Ozdamar +SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +Zonguldak, Turkey. figenbarut@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic-fibroblast growth +factor (b-FGF), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) are factors that +take part in placental angiogenesis. They are highly expressed during embryonic +and fetal development, especially in the first trimester. In this study, we aimed +to investigate the role of placental angiogenesis in the development of +intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) by comparing the levels of expression of +VEGF-A, b-FGF, and eNOS in normal-term pregnancy and IUGR placentas. +METHODS: The expression of VEGF-A, b-FGF, and eNOS was studied using the +avidin-biotin-peroxidase method in placental tissues diagnosed as normal (n = 55) +and IUGR (n = 55). Results were evaluated in a semi-quantitative manner. +RESULTS: The expression of all the markers was significantly higher (p < 0.001) +in cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts, extravillous trophoblasts, vascular +smooth muscle cells, chorionic villous stromal cells, and villous vascular +endothelial cells of the IUGR placentas when compared with those collected from +normal-term pregnancies. +CONCLUSION: Increased expression of VEGF-A, b-FGF, and eNOS may be the result of +inadequate uteroplacental perfusion, supporting the proposal that abnormal +angiogenesis plays a role in the pathophysiology of IUGR. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-24 +PMCID: PMC2865442 +PMID: 20412591 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +924. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Aug 15;206(8):572-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.03.004. Epub +2010 Apr 18. + +The best immunohistochemical panel for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma +from metastatic adenocarcinoma. + +Karabork A(1), Kaygusuz G, Ekinci C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Morfoloji +Binasi, Sihhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. akarabork@yahoo.com + +It can be difficult to differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from +metastatic adenocarcinoma (MA). An appropriate immunohistochemical panel is +required for the differential diagnosis. This study aimed at finding the best +panel, including hepatocyte-specific antigen (Hepatocyte), pCEA, CD10, Villin, +CD34, TTF-1, MOC-31, CK7, and CK20 antibodies. Sixty-eight cases of HCC and 107 +cases of MA were investigated. Hepatocyte positivity was seen in 95.6% of HCCs +and in 1.9% of MAs. pCEA was expressed in 47.8% of HCCs and in 86.8% of MAs. CD10 +stained 73.13% of HCCs and 36.9% of MAs. Villin was positive in 23.5% of HCCs and +in 81.0% of MAs. Canalicular staining with pCEA, CD10, and Villin was seen only +in HCCs. Sinusoidal CD34 staining was seen only in 42.6% of HCCs. A small subset +of HCCs demonstrated cytoplasmic TTF-1 and MOC-31. CK7 was expressed in 29.4% of +HCCs and in 29.9% of MAs, whereas CK20 stained 14.7% of HCCs and 62.6% of MAs. In +conclusion, Hepatocyte should be combined with pCEA, MOC-31, CD10, and CD34. +Canalicular staining with pCEA, CD10, and Villin is specific for HCC. CK7 and +CK20 expression may be seen in some HCCs. We suggest that the best panel for +discriminating HCC from MA should contain Hepatocyte, MOC-31, pCEA, CD10, and +CD34. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.03.004 +PMID: 20400233 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +925. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Jul 15;206(7):445-9. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.02.004. + +Immunohistochemical FHIT expression still exists in early lesions of basal cell +carcinoma. + +Kiyici H(1), Bilezikçi B, Ozen O, Demirhan B. + +Author information: +(1)Başkent University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Turkey. +halilkiyici@hotmail.com + +In this study, we evaluated the expression of Fragile Histidine Triad (FHIT) in +basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The FHIT locus was found to be altered in numerous +types of cancer [6,7,18,20,22,25,26]. However, we found only one study dealing +with FHIT expression in BCC [11]. In our study, we used immunohistochemical +methods for the evaluation of FHIT expression in tissue samples of 42 BCC cases. +The control group was formed by intradermal melanocytic nevi (IMN). Ki-67 +labeling index was used to compare cellular proliferation of BCC with internal +and external controls. The study group was further separated into two subgroups, +according to the intensity of FHIT staining. The Ki-67 indexes of these subgroups +were also compared with each other. As a primary result, there was no significant +decrease in FHIT expression in early lesions of BCC. As a second finding, there +was no correlation between the intensity of FHIT staining and Ki-67 labeling +index. As a third finding, there was no difference in Ki-67 labeling index +between early lesions of BCC and non-neoplastic epidermis. The results were +unexpected, since FHIT expression has been reported to be lost in an above +mentioned study [11]. We concluded that FHIT expression remains to be positive, +at least in early lesions of BCC. + +Copyright 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.02.004 +PMID: 20399571 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +926. Virchows Arch. 2010 May;456(5):515-21. doi: 10.1007/s00428-010-0901-0. + +Anti-CD10 (56C6) is expressed variably in adrenocortical tumors and cannot be +used to discriminate clear cell renal cell carcinomas. + +Mete O(1), Kapran Y, Güllüoğlu MG, Kiliçaslan I, Erbil Y, Senyürek YG, Dizdaroğlu +F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. ozgurmete77@gmail.com + +In the evaluation of retroperitoneal masses, the practicing pathologist faces a +dilemma when making a diagnosis based on histology given the often overlapping +morphologic appearances of the adrenocortical carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma +(RCC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CD10 is expressed in a membranous +fashion in the vast majority of clear cell RCCs; therefore, it is widely used for +distinction from its mimics. However, its expression is not well-investigated in +adrenal cortical tumors. We examined CD10 expression in 47 surgically resected +adrenocortical tumors (26 adenomas and 21 carcinomas) and compared with 20 clear +cell RCCs and 25 HCCs. Twenty HCCs (80%), 18 RCCs (90%), 11 adrenocortical +carcinomas (52%), and 18 adrenocortical adenomas (69%) were positive for CD10. +HCCs were characterized by a canalicular staining, and clear cell RCCs exhibited +membranous or mixed membranous-cytoplasmic staining. Adrenocortical tumors +displayed mainly cytoplasmic staining. Four adrenocortical carcinomas and one +adenoma also displayed the membranous staining pattern. Despite the relatively +small number of samples, our preliminary results revealed that adrenocortical +tumors may express CD10 (Clone: 56C6). The most important point from this paper +is the fact that anti-CD10 expression has not been previously reported in +adrenocortical carcinomas. This suggests that CD10 does not seem to be a useful +marker for discriminating clear cell RCCs from adrenocortical tumors since CD10 +expression does not rule out the possibility of adrenocortical tumors. This +feature should be kept in mind when constructing an antibody panel for an +epithelial tumor that involves the adrenal gland and kidney, especially in small +biopsy specimens. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0901-0 +PMID: 20390424 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +927. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Jun;31(2):151-5. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181dd7933. + +The importance of measuring intraocular pressure using a tonometer in order to +estimate the postmortem interval. + +Balci Y(1), Basmak H, Kocaturk BK, Sahin A, Ozdamar K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi +University, Eskisehir, Turkey. ybalci@ogu.edu.tr + +AIM: The purpose of this study is to evaluate postmortem eye changes and to +investigate the relationship between these changes and time elapsed after death. +MATERIAL AND METHOD: The eyes of 100 noncriminal cases who had died while being +treated at Eskisehir Osmangazi University (ESOGU) hospital were evaluated for +corneal turbidity and tache noire macroscopically, and also repeatedly evaluated +by ophthalmoscope, pupilometer, and tonometer at intervals until removal from +hospital. The postmortem time, corneal turbidity, development of tache noire, +pupil size, intraocular pressure (IOP), and fundus findings were recorded. The +relationship between these findings and the postmortem interval (PMI) was +evaluated. +RESULTS: No relationship between tache noire development and postmortem time (P > +0.05) was found. The corneal turbidity ratio increased significantly at 8 hours +after decease (P < 0.01). No relationship between right-left pupil size and +postmortem time (P > 0.05) was found. There was, however, a significant +relationship between the fundus findings and postmortem time. Over time, the +first optic disc becomes pale, then vascular clarity decreases and segmentation +increases. The right and left IOP related significantly to postmortem time and +decreased gradually as time passed (P < 0.05). Application of linear, +exponential, and power equations showed that IOP can be used to estimate +postmortem time by a 2 hour interval with a 95% probability. +CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that corneal turbidity and IOP have a significant +relationship with postmortem time and can be used to estimate a postmortem +interval with other postmortem findings. This study provides data that would +support the idea that such examination might be useful in estimating postmortem +interval. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181dd7933 +PMID: 20386301 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +928. Folia Neuropathol. 2010;48(1):49-56. + +Microscopic and electrophysiological changes on regenerating sciatic nerves of +rats treated with simvastatin. + +Daglioglu E(1), Berker M, Demirci M, Tuncel M, Karabulut E, Tuncel A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Kuzgun Sok. 15/14, Ayranci, 06540, Ankara, Turkey. edaglioglu@gmail.com + +Simvastatin is a hypocholesterolemic agent presumed to cause peripheral +neuropathy. We arranged an experimental design which focuses on the effect of +simvastatin on peripheral nerves and neural regeneration. Sciatic nerve injury +was performed at midthigh region of male wistar rats either by clamp compression +or fine cut. Electrophysiological and electron microscopical studies were carried +out to assess the effect of simvastatin on peripheral nerve and nerve +regeneration. There was no difference between the groups that were given +simvastatin and standard regimen in the sciatic nerve when electrophysiological +measurements were concerned. However, some of the rats that were given +simvastatin show reduction in axoplasm density (intensity) of myelinated nerve +fibers and prominent vacuolization of myelin sheath according to light and +electron microscopic studies. Sciatic nerve compound muscle activation potential +measurements of the animals given simvastatin showed that this drug doesn't have +a delaying effect on the peripheral nerve recovery time. Electrophysiological +measurements showed that simvastatin did not influence nerve regeneration however +it was found to induce severe vacuolization of myelin sheath of the sciatic +nerve. It was apparent that the drug induces some form of structural dysfunction +as myelin changes supported by electron microscopical studies.CONCLUSION: +simvastatin was shown to delay regeneration as shown in microscopic studies but +still there was no influence on nerve regeneration. + + +PMID: 20383811 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +929. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010 Apr;134(4):532-44. doi: 10.1043/1543-2165-134.4.532. + +A proposed histopathologic classification, scoring, and grading system for renal +amyloidosis: standardization of renal amyloid biopsy report. + +Sen S(1), Sarsik B. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Ege University School of Medicine, Bornova Izmir, +Turkey. sait.sen@ege.edu.tr + +Comment in + Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011 Feb;135(2):168; author reply 168-9. + +CONTEXT: A disease associated with amyloid deposits, called amyloidosis, is +associated with characteristic electron microscopic appearance, typical x-ray +pattern, and specific staining. Renal involvement mainly occurs in AA amyloidosis +and AL amyloidosis and usually progresses to renal failure. +OBJECTIVE: The renal histopathologic changes with amyloidosis comprise a +spectrum. Clear relationships between the extent of amyloid deposition and the +severity of clinical manifestations have not been demonstrated. Whether there is +a lack of clinicopathologic correlation is not clear, but studies have revealed +the need for standardization of the renal amyloid biopsy report. With these +objectives in mind, we proposed a histopathologic classification, scoring, and +grading system. Renal amyloidosis was divided into 6 classes, similar to the +classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Amyloid depositions and other +histopathologic lesions were scored. The sum of these scores was termed the renal +amyloid prognostic score and was divided into 3 grades. +DATA SOURCES: AA amyloidosis was detected in 90% of cases, mostly related to +familial Mediterranean fever. Positive correlations between class I and grade I, +class VI and grade III, and class III and grade II were observed. Also, a +positive correlation was identified between severity of glomerular amyloid +depositions, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation. Because of the inadequacy +of the patients' records and outcomes, different therapy regimes, and etiologies, +clinical validation of this study has not been completed. +CONCLUSIONS: Standardization of the renal amyloid pathology report might be +critical for patients' medication and comparison of outcome and therapeutic +trials between different clinics. Because of our AA to AL amyloidosis ratio and +the predisposition of familial Mediterranean fever-related AA amyloidosis, there +is a need for further international collaborative studies. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165-134.4.532 +PMID: 20367305 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +930. Dis Markers. 2010;28(2):95-9. doi: 10.3233/DMA-2010-0689. + +Genetic variation of myeloperoxidase gene contributes to aggressive +periodontitis: a preliminary association study in Turkish population. + +Erciyas K(1), Pehlivan S, Sever T, Orbak R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Periodontology,Gaziantep University Faculty of Dentistry, 27310 +Gaziantep, Turkey. kmlercys@hotmail.com + +Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a lysosomal enzyme found in the azurophilic granules of +polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It is involved in the defense against periodontal +bacteria, and is also able to mediate inflammatory tissue destruction in +aggressive and chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to explore the +association between MPO-463G/A gene polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis +(AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP). The study included 147 subjects. Probing +depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and gingival index +(GI) were recorded as the clinical parameters. Genomic DNA was obtained from the +peripheral blood of 32 subjects with AgP, 25 with CP, and 90 reference controls. +We genotyped the MPO-463G/A polymorphism using the PCR-RFLP method. All data were +analyzed using SPSS version 13.0 for windows. There were no significant +differences between the CP patients and controls regarding MPO-463A/G gene +polymorphism either in terms of allele frequency or genotype frequency of +MPO-463A/G. However, either in terms of allele frequency or genotype frequency of +MPO-463A/G, there were significant differences between the AgP patients and the +controls. In conclusion, our data suggest that MPO-463G/A may be associated with +increased risk of aggressive periodontitis in Turkish patients. + +DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2010-0689 +PMCID: PMC3833700 +PMID: 20364045 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +931. Pathol Oncol Res. 2010 Dec;16(4):553-61. doi: 10.1007/s12253-010-9259-5. Epub +2010 Mar 28. + +Maspin, VEGF and p53 expression in small biopsies of primary advanced lung cancer +and relationship with clinicopathologic parameters. + +Bircan A(1), Bircan S, Kapucuoglu N, Songur N, Ozturk O, Akkaya A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel +University, 32260 Cunur, Isparta, Turkey. ahbircan@yahoo.com + +Maspin, one of the serine protease inhibitors, has been shown to inhibit tumor +progression and metastasis. We aimed to investigate maspin, p53 and VEGF +expression in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma (AC) +and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The study included 28 SCC, 18AC, 17 SCLC +biopsy samples. We used the streptavidin biotin immunoperoxidase method to test +for maspin, p53 and VEGF antibodies. Medical records of these patients were +reviewed from archival files. Cytoplasmic maspin expression was detected in +89.3%, 77.8%, 52.9% of SCC, AC and SCLC, respectively. The rate was significantly +higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCC than SCLC (p = 0.013, p = +0.021, respectively). The mean percentages of maspin expression were +significantly higher in NSCLC, SCC and AC than in SCLC (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, p += 0.038, respectively). In ACs, maspin and p53 expressions were correlated, +although this was not statistically significant (p = 0.053, r = 0.464), and +maspin positive cases had a significantly higher T status compared to negative +cases (p = 0.036). In SCC, the stage of disease was positively correlated with +p53 (p = 0.007, r = 0.536) and negatively correlated with VEGF expression (p = +0.013, r = -0.498). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that stage of disease was +a significant independent prognostic parameter in NSCLC (95% confidence interval: +1.067-3.969; p = 0.031). Although maspin expression is higher in SCC and AC, and +is related with higher T status in AC, our data did not indicate its prognostic +significance. Larger scale studies are needed to reveal the exact role of maspin +in lung cancer pathogenesis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9259-5 +PMID: 20349288 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +932. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2011 Jul;63(5):453-7. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.03.004. Epub +2010 Mar 25. + +The role of ascorbic acid on titanium dioxide-induced genetic damage assessed by +the comet assay and cytogenetic tests. + +Turkez H(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, +Turkey. hasanturkez@yahoo.com + +Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) is used in several commercial products such as +cosmetics, sunscreen, toothpaste and pharmaceuticals. However, some recent +investigations have revealed that titanium particles generate potential harmful +effects on the environment and humans. Because of its strong antioxidant +activity, ascorbic acid (AA) is admitted to act as an anti-mutagenic agent. The +present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of AA against +TiO(2)-induced genotoxicity. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronucleus (MN) +and the comet assays were used to assess TiO(2)-induced genotoxicity and to +establish the protective effects of AA. There were significant increases (P<0.05) +in both SCE and MN frequencies of cultures treated with TiO(2) as compared to +controls. However, co-application of AA (4.87 and 9.73 μM) and TiO(2) resulted in +decreases of SCE and MN rates as compared to the group treated with titanium +alone. Besides, significant reductions of primary DNA damage (comet assay) were +determined when the AA was added to the cell culture medium simultaneously with +TiO(2). In conclusion, the preventive role of AA in alleviating TiO(2)-induced +DNA damage was indicated for the first time in the present study. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.03.004 +PMID: 20346638 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +933. Diagn Pathol. 2010 Mar 26;5:19. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-19. + +Expression and prognostic significance of Cox-2 and p-53 in Hodgkin lymphomas: a +retrospective study. + +Barisik NO(1), Bozkurt S, Gumus M, Kaygusuz I, Karadayi N, Bas E, Bayik M, +Tecimer T. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Kartal Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. nagehanob@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Cyclooxygenase (cox) is the rate-limiting enzyme, which catalyzes the +conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins and contributes to the +inflammatory process. Cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), which is one of the two isoforms, +plays a role in tumor progression and carcinogenesis. p53 contributes to +apoptosis, DNA renewal and cell cycle. Studies concerning the relationship of +cox-2 and p53 expressions and carcinogenesis are available, but the association +between cox-2 and p53 in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is not exactly known.In our study, +we examined the association of cox-2 and p53 expression, with age, stage, +histopathological subtype, and survival in HL. We also examined correlation +between cox-2 and p53 expression. +METHODS: Cox-2 and p53 expressions in Hodgkin-Reed Sternberg cells (HRS) were +examined in 54 patients with HL depending on cox-2 expression, stained cases were +classified as positive, and unstained cases as negative. Nuclear staining of HRS +cells with p53 was evaluated as positive. The classifications of positivity were +as follows: negative if<10%; (1+) if 10-25%; (2+) if 25-50%; (3+) if 50-75%, (4+) +if >75%. +RESULTS: Cox-2 and p53 expressions were found in 49 (80%) and 29 (46%) patients, +respectively. There were differences between histological subtypes according to +cox-2 expression (p = 0.012). Mixed cellular (MC) and nodular sclerosing (NS) +subtypes were seen most of the patients and cox-2 expression was evaluated mostly +in the mixed cellular subtype.There were no statistically significant +relationships between p53 and the histopathological subtypes; or between p53, +cox-2 and the factors including stage, age and survival; or between p53 and cox-2 +expression (p > 0.05). +CONCLUSION: Considering the significant relationship between the cox-2 expression +and the subtypes of HL, cox-2 expression is higher in MC and NS subtypes. However +the difference between these two subtypes was not significant. This submission +must be advocated by studies with large series. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-19 +PMCID: PMC2853498 +PMID: 20346139 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +934. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010 Jan;29(2):89-94. doi: 10.3109/15513811003620609. + +Congenital imperforate hymen with bilateral hydronephrosis, polydactyly and +laryngocele: A rare neonatal presentation. + +Ozturk H(1), Yazici B, Kucuk A, Senses DA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Duzce University, Turkey. +hulya_ztrk@yahoo.com + +Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital malformation to present with symptoms in +the neonatal period. We present a case of a 5-day-old neonate with a marked +interlabial swelling causing urinary retention. Imaging revealed +hydrometrocolpos, hydrosalpinx, and bilateral hydronephrosis. Additionally, our +patient had polydactyly of both feet and hands, and laryngocele that have not +been previously described in literature. Hymenectomy is the mainstay of +management to prevent the development of hematocolpos, pain, and possible +retrograde menstruation. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003620609 +PMID: 20334483 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +935. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2010 Jan;29(2):63-8. doi: 10.3109/15513811003614990. + +Visceral bullae: A new finding in Bart's syndrome. + +Akar M(1), Erdeve O, Gokmen T, Oguz SS, Dilmen U, Sirvan L. + +Author information: +(1)Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +Congenital localized absence of the skin (CLAS) has been observed in various +subsets of inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Pyloric atresia (PA) is a rare +disorder that is associated with EB. Here, we describe three preterm male infants +with PA, CLAS, and EB at birth, one of whom had multiple bullae and erosions on +the stomach and pericardium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first +report of findings regarding a PA-EB-CLAS association. + +DOI: 10.3109/15513811003614990 +PMID: 20334480 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +936. Pathol Oncol Res. 2010 Dec;16(4):563-8. doi: 10.1007/s12253-010-9255-9. Epub 2010 +Mar 23. + +R72P polymorphism of TP53 in ulcerative colitis patients is associated with the +incidence of colectomy, use of steroids and the presence of a positive family +history. + +Eren F(1), Akkiprik M, Atuğ O, Sönmez O, Tahan G, Ozdemir F, Hamzaoğlu HO, +Celikel CA, Imeryüz N, Avşar E, Ozer A. + +Author information: +(1)School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Marmara University, Tibbiye +Cad, No 49, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey. + +P53 tumor suppressor protein is one of the pivotal regulators for genome +integrity, cell cycle and apoptosis. The most commonly and extensively studied +single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of p53 is Arg>Pro substitution on codon 72 +(R72P). Although we know that the SNP has unique functional effects on the +protein, its clinical significance is not clearly identified yet. Aim of the +study was to access the relationship between R72P genotype distribution and +clinical variables in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer +(CRC). Genomic DNA samples were extracted from 95 UC, 50 CRC, and 219 healthy +controls. R72P genotype analysis was carried out with polymerase chain reaction +following by restriction enzyme digestion. We observed that Pro allele carriage +is a strong risk factor for CRC (OR = 3.03; 95%CI = 1.91-2.40; p = 0.003), but +only modest association with UC (OR = 1.61; 95%CI = 0.98-2.65; p = 0.059) +(Pro/Pro and Pro/Arg genotypes vs. Arg/Arg genotype). We did not find any +correlation between genotype distribution of the polymorphism and clinical +parameters of CRC, but in UC, Pro/Pro genotype was significantly related to an +inflammatory bowel disease family history (OR = 8.0; 95%CI = 1.68-38.08, p = +0.015), and Arg/Pro genotype was significantly associated with the history of +disease-related colectomy (OR = 17.77; 95%CI = 0.98-323.34, p = 0.012) and +steroid use (OR = 10.14; 95%CI = 2.63-39.12, p = 0.0002). Our data suggest that +R72P variant seems to be associated with high risk for development of CRC but +carries low risk for development of UC. R72P genotypes might be a useful +predictive marker for surgical and medical treatment of UC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9255-9 +PMID: 20309662 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +937. Diagn Cytopathol. 2010 Nov;38(11):833-6. doi: 10.1002/dc.21338. + +Intrathyroidal oncocytic parathyroid adenoma: a diagnostic pitfall on fine-needle +aspiration. + +Paker I(1), Yilmazer D, Yandakci K, Arikok AT, Alper M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. iremonur@yahoo.com + +Oncocytic parathyroid adenoma is a rarely seen benign neoplasm of the parathyroid +and intrathyroidal location of this lesion is also uncommon. It can be easily +misdiagnosed as Hürthle cell thyroid neoplasm on fine-needle aspiration (FNA). +Here, an intrathyroidal oncocytic parathyroid adenoma in a 32-year-old male is +reported. Ultrasonography showed a nodule 2 cm in largest diameter in the left +thyroid lobe. FNA revealed cellular smears containing monotonous oncocytic cells +arranged in monolayered sheets, pseudopapillary structures and clusters within a +rich vascular network. The case was reported as "suspicious for Hürthle cell +thyroid neoplasm" on FNA. Frozen section examination showed intrathyroidal +oncocytic parathyroid adenoma with a rim of normal parathyroid tissue. The +diagnosis was also confirmed with immunohistochemical stains (TTF-1, PTH, +thyroglobulin) performed on permanent sections. Cytopathologic features of +oncocytic parathyroid adenoma and Hürthle cell thyroid neoplasm are similar. It +is important to keep oncocytic parathyroid adenoma in mind in the differential +diagnosis of Hürthle cell thyroid neoplasm. Prior knowledge of clinical, +radiological and laboratory data will avoid wrong cytopathologic diagnosis. + +© 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.21338 +PMID: 20301208 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +938. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2010 Apr;14(2):137-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.06.012. +Epub 2009 Dec 1. + +Vaginal Schwannoma in a case with uterine myoma. + +Dane B(1), Dane C, Basaran S, Erginbas M, Cetin A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haseki Training and Research +Hospital, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey. banudane@yahoo.com + +Only 1% of gynecological neoplasms are vaginal, and mesenchymal tumors constitute +only 2% of vaginal neoplasms. The most common form is leiomyomas. Schwannomas +arise from the peripheral nerve sheath. We report a case of vaginal schwannoma +associated with uterine myoma. A 52-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal +pain and menorrhagia for a duration of 6 months. At sonographic examination, the +patient was found to have uterine myomas and a solid mass measuring 5x4.5 cm +beneath the vaginal wall. At laparotomy, the uterus with myoma was removed using +our standard operation procedures. Surgical excision of the mass from vaginal +aspect was also undertaken, and the histology demonstrated schwannoma. The tumor +cells were vimentin (+), desmin (-), smooth muscle alpha-actin (-), HMB-45 (-), +MART-1 (-) and S-100 (+). There is no evidence of recurrence during 6 months +follow-up. The differential diagnosis of a mass in the vagina includes also +schwannomas. Immunocytochemical labeling of the tumor cells is essential. Simple +resection of the mass is the preferred method of treatment. + +Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.06.012 +PMID: 20227020 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +939. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2011 May;63(4):325-30. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.02.006. Epub +2010 Mar 5. + +Protective effects of coumarin and coumarin derivatives against carbon +tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. + +Murat Bilgin H(1), Atmaca M, Deniz Obay B, Ozekinci S, Taşdemir E, Ketani A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır +21280, Turkey. hmbilgin@dicle.edu.tr + +The comparison of the antioxidant activity of some coumarins with their molecular +structure is well determined. However, the protective function of coumarins with +various chemical structures against liver toxicity has not yet been well +established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible +cytoprotective properties of coumarin and some coumarin derivatives against +CCl(4) (carbon tetrachloride)-induced hepatotoxicity. Coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) +and coumarin derivatives esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin), scoparone +(6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) and 4-methylumbelliferone (7-hyroxy-4-methyl) were +examined for their protective effect against CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in +Male Sprague-Dawley rats. A single toxic dose of CCl(4) (1.25 ml kg(-1), orally) +produced liver damage in rats, seen histologically as centrilobular necrosis. +Administration of CCl(4) increased serum enzyme levels of aspartate transaminase +(AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Pre-treatment +of rats with esculetin (31.15 mg kg(-1), orally) and scoparone (35 mg kg(-1), +orally) significantly prevented CCl(4)-induced increase in serum enzymes, whereas +4-methylumbelliferone (35 mg kg(-1)) and coumarin (30 mg kg(-1)) had no effect +against CCl(4)-induced rise in serum enzymes. Morphological findings were +consistent with the plasma transaminase observations. Among the coumarin analogs, +esculetin, which possesses orthodihydroxy coumarins, showed the strongest +protective effect against CCl(4)-induced liver damage, followed by scoparone, +4-methylumbelliferone and coumarin, respectively. The results of this study +indicate that the chemical structures of coumarins play an important role in the +prevention of liver toxicity. + +Copyright © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.02.006 +PMID: 20207117 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +940. Endocr Pathol. 2010 Jun;21(2):80-9. doi: 10.1007/s12022-010-9114-y. + +Universal markers of thyroid malignancies: galectin-3, HBME-1, and +cytokeratin-19. + +Barut F(1), Onak Kandemir N, Bektas S, Bahadir B, Keser S, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University Faculty of Medicine, +67600, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey. figenbarut@yahoo.com + +Difficulties in diagnosis of thyroid lesions, even with histologic analysis, are +well known. This study has been carried on to evaluate the role of +immunohistochemical markers including galectin-3, Hector Battifora mesothelial +cell-1 (HBME-1), and cytokeratin-19 in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis +of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The expressions of galectin-3, HBME-1, +and cytokeratin-19 were tested in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from +458 surgically resected thyroid lesions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic +lesions. Immunostaining with standard avidin-biotin complex technique was +performed by using monoclonal antibodies. In malignant neoplastic thyroid +lesions, galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were diffusely expressed in +general. Diffuse expression rates of these three markers were 72.3% (47/65), +70.7% (46/65), and 76.9% (50/65), respectively. The use of galectin-3, HBME-1, +and cytokeratin-19 may provide significant contributions in the differential +diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumors. Although focal galectin-3, HBME-1, and +cytokeratin-19 expression may be encountered in benign lesions, diffuse positive +reactions for these three markers are characteristic of malignant lesions. It has +concluded that cytokeratin-19 alone and its combinations with other markers were +more sensitive in accurate diagnosis of papillary carcinoma than the other +combinations; meanwhile, there were similar results for follicular carcinomas +with HBME-1 alone and its combinations. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-010-9114-y +PMID: 20198455 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +941. Histol Histopathol. 2010 Apr;25(4):423-32. doi: 10.14670/HH-25.423. + +Morphometric studies in human pancreatic cancer argues against the etiological +role of type 2 diabetes in pancreatic cancer. + +Saruc M(1), Iki K, Pour PM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Acibadem University School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: To understand the role of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) in type 2 +diabetes and pancreatic cancer (PC), we investigated the patterns of its +expression and its ratio to insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic +polypeptide cells by morphometry in tissues from these two diseases in comparison +to the normal pancreas. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pancreatic tissues from 11 donors (five without pancreatic +disease and six with type 2 diabetes) and 11 surgical specimens from PC patients +obtained from the cancer area (zone A) and the adjacent tumor-free area (zone B) +were examined immunohistochemically. The size of islets, the number on beta-, +alpha-, delta- pp- and IAPP-expressing cells and their ratios in the islets of +these tissues were determined. +RESULTS: In the normal pancreas, only 50% of the beta-cells while alpha- and +delta-cells co-expressed IAPP only sporadically. In tissues from diabetics as +well as in zone A, the number of the beta-cells and the IAPP-expressing cells was +reduced significantly, while the number of alpha- and delta-cells was increased. +In zone B, however, significantly more beta-cell and IAPP-expressing cells and a +significantly lower number of alpha-cells were found compared to those in zone A. +Significant differences were also found between the specimens from type 2 +diabetics and pancreatic cancer relative to the ratios of IAPP/beta-cell, +IAPP/alpha-cells and beta-cell/delta-cells. +CONCLUSION: The morphometric data show a decrease rather than an increase in the +number of IAPP-expressing cells in PC. Differences in abnormalities in type-2 +diabetics and in zone B of PC tissue strongly argue against the role of type 2 +diabetes in PC. Rather, the development of diabetes in subjects prone to +pancreatic cancer could be a red flag for malignancy. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-25.423 +PMID: 20183795 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +942. Histol Histopathol. 2010 Apr;25(4):413-22. doi: 10.14670/HH-25.413. + +Anencephalic fetuses can be an alternative for kidney transplantation: a +stereological and histological investigation. + +Kalaycioğlu A(1), Karaca M, Can I, Keleş ON, Uçüncü Y, Gündogdu C, Uyanik A, Unal +B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, +Trabzon, Turkey. + +In the study, stereological, histological, and anatomical techniques were used to +investigate structural and morphometrical features of anencephalic and normal +fetal kidneys. Twenty human fetal kidneys (5 male and 5 female anencephalic +fetuses, and 5 male and 5 female normal fetuses) at gestational ages 30 to 35 +weeks were examined. Our study used two basic research methods. One was +conventional anatomical measurement at the macroscopic level, such as volume, +length, weight, etc. The other consisted of conventional and modern microscopic +techniques. The microscopic techniques were based on two research methods: +histopathological examination at light microscopic level and stereological +estimations, including mean kidney volumes, obtained by the Cavalieri method, and +the total number and mean height of the glomeruli via the physical dissector +method. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of +width, height, weight, and fluid replacement volumes. Microscopic quantitative +assessment found no statistical differences either, in terms of the kidney +volumes and the number and height of the glomeruli. Our findings suggest that +kidneys from anencephalic infants may be a suitable alternative for renal +transplantation. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-25.413 +PMID: 20183794 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +943. J Comp Pathol. 2010 Aug-Oct;143(2-3):132-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.01.014. +Epub 2010 Feb 23. + +Sheep pox virus induces proliferation of type II pneumocytes in the lungs. + +Beytut E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, +Kars, Turkey. enverbeytut@hotmail.com + +The present study investigated the expression of pulmonary surfactant proteins +(surfactant protein [SP]-A, SP-B, proSP-C), thyroid transcription factor-1 +(TTF-1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the infiltration of CD3(+) +T and CD79alphacy(+) B lymphocytes into the lungs of 10 lambs naturally infected +with sheep pox virus. Microscopical examination detected marked epithelial +hyperplasia, sheep pox cells and neutrophilic infiltration in pock nodules. +Immunohistochemistry demonstrated intense expression of SPs in the cytoplasm of +the hyperplastic type II pneumocytes in the nodular pock lesions. These cells +displayed a gland-like arrangement. The hyperplastic and the normal bronchiolar +epithelium did not express SPs. The nuclei of the hyperplastic and normal type II +pneumocytes labelled positively for TTF-1. Strong PCNA positivity indicated +epithelial cell proliferation in the pock nodules. Moderate to abundant numbers +of CD3(+) T cells, but few CD79alphacy B lymphocytes, were detected in the pock +lesions. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the hyperplasia in the +pock nodules comprised predominantly type II pneumocytes and that the sheep pox +cells and epithelial cells contained virus particles in their cytoplasm. The +results of this study show that sheep pox virus induces marked proliferation of +type II pneumocytes and bronchiolar epithelial cells and that the lung lesions in +diseased lambs are mainly proliferative. + +Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.01.014 +PMID: 20181359 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +944. Diagn Pathol. 2010 Feb 9;5:12. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-12. + +Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma (intranodal hemorrhagic spindle cell tumor +with amianthoid fibers): a case report and literature review. + +Kandemir NO(1), Barut F, Ekinci T, Karagülle C, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +Zonguldak, Turkey. niluferkandemir@yahoo.com + +Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma (IPM) is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm +originating from smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts. It is characterized by +spindle cells, amianthoid fibers, and by the proliferation of +hemosiderin-containing histiocytes in the lymph node. A nodular lesion was +excised from the inguinal region of an 80-year-old male patient. Macroscopic +examination of a section of the lesion demonstrated a solid appearance with +hemorrhagic areas. Microscopic examination revealed spindle cell proliferation, +amianthoid fibers, hemosiderin pigment, and extravasated erythrocytes. Nuclei of +the spindle cells displayed a palisaded appearance. Compressed lymphoid tissue +was observed around the lesion. With Masson's trichrome, spindle cells stained as +smooth muscle, whereas collagen staining was observed in homogeneous eosinophilic +accumulations. Neoplastic cells were identified by the presence of vimentin and +SMA. The Ki67 index was less than 1%. In light of these results, the case was +diagnosed as "intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma." IPM is an uncommon neoplasm +originating from the stromal component of the lymph node. Although IPM is benign, +it is frequently confused with metastatic lesions. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-12 +PMCID: PMC2829510 +PMID: 20181136 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +945. Pathol Oncol Res. 2010 Dec;16(4):569-77. doi: 10.1007/s12253-010-9248-8. Epub +2010 Feb 23. + +CD24 and galectin-1 expressions in gastric adenocarcinoma and clinicopathologic +significance. + +Bektas S(1), Bahadir B, Ucan BH, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +67600 Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey. sibel_bektas@yahoo.com + +CD24 and galectin-1 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma and their +clinicopathologic significance remained largely unknown. We aimed to evaluate +expressions and staining intensities of CD24 and galectin-1 in gastric +adenocarcinoma and to investigate the interrelation with clinicopathologic +parameters including survival. 93 cases with gastric adenocarcinoma were +reevaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemistry was performed with +antibodies against CD24 and galectin-1. Staining intensities of both markers in +tumor cells and staining intensity of galectin-1 in tumor-associated stromal +cells were scored semiquantitatively. The relationship between expression and +staining intensity of CD24 and galectin-1 and clinicopathologic variables were +assessed. CD24 staining intensity was associated with lymphovascular invasion (p += 0.007), serosal invasion (p = 0.001), stage (p = 0.001) and lymph node +metastasis (p = 0.005). Galectin-1 staining intensity in tumor-associated stromal +cells was associated with tumor location (p = 0.031), lymphovascular invasion (p += 0.001), perineural invasion (p = 0.001), serosal invasion (p = 0.001), +differentiation (p = 0.003), stage (p = 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (p = +0.001). Staining intensity of CD24 (p = 0.019) and gal-1 (p = 0.018) were +associated with patient survival. Staining intensity of CD24 in tumor cells and +galectin-1 in tumor-associated stromal cells were related with certain +clinicopathologic variables. Our findings suggest that these markers are +independent prognostic indicators of poor survival and may serve as useful +targets for novel therapies. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-010-9248-8 +PMID: 20177845 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +946. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Sep;31(3):208-12. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181d3dbbb. + +Dead bodies found in wells. + +Dogan KH(1), Demirci S, Erkol Z, Gulmen MK, Deniz I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. drhakan2000@gmail.com + +Corpses found in wells or lime pits must be identified and the cause and manner +of death must be determined. There are several circumstances that may lead to the +presence of corpses in wells. In this study, 3940 death examinations and +autopsies, performed at the Konya Branch of Forensic Medicine Council (Turkey) +between 2000 and 2007, were retrospectively investigated, and it was found that +18 (0.46%) of the bodies had been recovered from wells. The cases were evaluated +in terms of their demographic features, manner of death (accidental, suicidal, or +homicidal), autopsy findings, cause of death, and the characteristics of the +wells in which they were found. The ages of the victims ranged from 4 to 74 +years, and the average age was 40. 4 +/- 20.6 years. Of total, 16 cases were +males and 2 were females. The manner of death was determined to be accidental in +10 of the cases, suicide in 6 of the cases, and homicide in the remaining 2 +cases. In 7 of the cases, death had occurred as a result of drowning in water. A +comprehensive scene investigation and autopsy must be performed for corpses +recovered from wells and pits for both identification and determination of the +cause and manner of death. Wells should be covered and kept closed at all times +to reduce the number of accidental deaths resulting from falls into wells. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181d3dbbb +PMID: 20177365 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +947. Clin Neuropathol. 2010 Mar-Apr;29(2):94-9. + +Intraosseous soft tissue perineurioma: report of a vertebral example. + +Sav A(1), Scheithauer BW, Taylor WA, Miller G, Stewart W. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Acibadem Medical Center, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To describe a unique intraosseous perineurioma affecting the L2 +vertebral body and pedicle of a 28-year-old female. +MATERIAL: A lytic, expansive lesion virtually limited to bone was gross totally +excised; only minimal epidural extension was noted. +METHODS: Histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies were +performed. +RESULTS: The tumor was partially encapsulated, moderately cellular, and showed +classic features of benign soft tissue perineurioma, being composed of +interlacing fascicles of spindle cells with undulating nuclei and long, very +narrow, cytoplasmic processes. Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity for EMA, +Glut-1, claudin, collagen-4 and CD34; no S-100 or neurofilament protein staining +was seen to suggest an origin in nerve. +CONCLUSION: Perineurioma, a tumor affecting soft tissue, and presumably +nerve-unassociated, may affect bone. No prior entirely osseous examples have been +reported. This tumor expands the differential diagnosis of spindle cell tumors of +bone. + + +PMID: 20175959 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +948. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2010 Mar;29(2):181-4. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181b70176. + +Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the cervix: case report and review of the +literature. + +Balci S(1), Saglam A, Usubutun A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. serdarb@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the cervix has 5 subtypes: endocervical, intestinal, +signet-ring cell, minimal deviation, and villoglandular. There are only rare +reports of primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the cervix in the literature. +Herein we report a 53-year-old woman with cervical adenocarcinoma with +signet-ring cell morphology. Thorough systemic examination did not reveal another +primary focus. DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded tissue revealed the presence +of human papilloma virus (HPV) type 18, which supports the cervical origin of the +tumor. Signet-ring cell morphology can be observed in both benign and malignant +lesions of the uterine cervix. Most of the malignant lesions are metastatic. +Histological features and immunohistochemical profiles are discussed, and a +review of signet-ring cell morphology in the uterine cervix is included. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181b70176 +PMID: 20173504 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +949. Diagn Pathol. 2010 Feb 18;5:13. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-13. + +The relationship of cerb B 2 expression with estrogen receptor and progesterone +receptor and prognostic parameters in endometrial carcinomas. + +Gul AE(1), Keser SH, Barisik NO, Kandemir NO, Cakir C, Sensu S, Karadayi N. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Dr, Lütfi Kirdar Kartal Educational and Research +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. aylinegegul-34@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common malignancy of the +female genital tract. Gene alterations and overexpression of various oncogenes +are important in tumor development. The human HER 2 neu (c-erbB-2) gene product +is a transmembrane receptor with an intracellular tyrosine kinase that plays an +important role in coordinating the endometrial growth factor receptor signaling +network. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of c-erbB-2 in +endometrial cancer, to study its correlation to established prognostic parameters +and estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. +METHODS: Immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of ER, PR and c-erbB-2 were performed +in 72 EC cases. +RESULTS: We detected a positive staining with c erbB 2 in 18.1% of the cases and +determined a statistically significant relation between c-erbB-2 and PR. We could +not find a statistically significant relation between c-erbB-2 staining and ER. +There was not a statistically significant difference between c-erbB-2 and +histological grade. The highest level of c-erbB-2 was found in grade 2 cases. +There was not any statistically significant relation between c-erbB-2 and +menstrual status, myometrial invasion, lymph node status, stage and survival. +CONCLUSIONS: Although our study provides additional evidence of the potential +prognostic role of c-erbB-2, further prospective and controlled studies are +required to validate their clinical usefulness. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-5-13 +PMCID: PMC2837627 +PMID: 20167054 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +950. Int J Surg Pathol. 2010 Jun;18(3):217-8. doi: 10.1177/1066896909359632. Epub 2010 +Feb 16. + +A tumor with many faces: metastatic malignant melanoma with extensive +cartilaginous differentiation. + +Mete O(1), Bilgic B, Buyukbabani N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. ozgurmete77@gmail.com + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896909359632 +PMID: 20164055 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +951. APMIS. 2010 Feb;118(2):150-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02575.x. + +Cytopathologic differential diagnosis of small cell carcinoma and poorly +differentiated non-small cell carcinoma in bronchial lavage specimens using a +regression analysis. + +Cakir E(1), Demirag F, Aydin M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ataturk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Education +and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. arabaci.ebru@gmail.com + +The aim of this study was to determine the most significant cytologic features to +differentiate small cell carcinoma (SCC) from poorly differentiated non-small +cell carcinoma (NSCC) in bronchial lavage specimens. Bronchial lavage specimens +from 35 SCC cases and 63 poorly differentiated NSCC cases were examined and the +cytologic parameters reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-five cytologic features +considered useful in differential diagnosis were assessed. Statistical analysis +indicated that salt and pepper chromatin, small cell size and nuclear molding +have more than 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity for SCC cases. Logistic +regression analysis demonstrated that the most effective criteria to +differentiate SCC from poorly differentiated NSCC are small cell size, salt and +pepper chromatin, prominent nucleolus and papilla formation. When these selected +variables were used, sensitivity for predicting SCC was 94.3% and specificity +96.8%, and sensitivity for predicting NSCC was 96.8% and specificity 94.3%. There +are several cytologic features, which are highly sensitive and specific for +distinguishing SCC from NSCC. Nuclear features such as chromatin pattern, and +size of the nucleoli and nuclei are more valuable than cytoplasmic features to +distinguish between the two. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02575.x +PMID: 20132179 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +952. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Jun;31(2):138-45. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181cfc658. + +Suicides in Turkey between 1996 and 2005: general perspective. + +Asirdizer M(1), Yavuz MS, Aydin SD, Dizdar MG. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School of Celal Bayar University, +Manisa, Turkey. masirdizer@yahoo.com + +Suicide is a significant problem in the world. Sharing the information about the +national suicide rates in the international scientific area is an important issue +for not only the solution of the problem, but also improving the efforts for +decreasing the suicidal deaths. We aimed to add the statistical information about +the rates, the risk factors, and the methods of suicides in Turkey to the +literature. The suicide rates in Turkey increased in the period between 1996 and +2005 years; it was 3.8 per 100,000 populations in 2005. The average ratio of male +to female was 1.58/1 between 1996 and 2005 years. The suicidal deaths increased +above the age of 75, especially in male population. In females, the most +dangerous period was 15 to 24 age group. The major risk factor for suicides was +found to be illness (29.6%) for both genders and especially for above middle +ages. Hanging was the most preferred method for both genders and for most of the +age groups in Turkey. Suicides increased in the spring and summer. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181cfc658 +PMID: 20110803 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +953. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010 Jan-Mar;53(1):122-4. doi: +10.4103/0377-4929.59201. + +Mixed odontogenic tumor: ameloblastoma and calcifying epithelial odontogenic +tumor. + +Etit D(1), Uyaroglu MA, Erdogan N. + +Author information: +(1)Ataturk Research and Training Hospital, Pathology, Turkey. + +Odontogenic tumors constitute a group of heterogeneous disease derived from +epithelial, mesenchymal and/or ectomesenchymal elements. Ameloblastoma is the +best known and the most frequent form of odontogenic tumors. Calcifying +epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT), known as Pindborg tumor, is locally invasive +lesion which has a characteristic amiloid deposition. Here a case of a peripheral +ameloblastoma associated with CEOT is presented with clinical and morphological +features. + +DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.59201 +PMID: 20090240 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +954. Exp Mol Pathol. 2010 Apr;88(2):326-9. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.12.007. Epub 2010 +Jan 4. + +Assessment of housekeeping genes for use in normalization of real time PCR in +skeletal muscle with chronic degenerative changes. + +Yüzbaşioğlu A(1), Onbaşilar I, Kocaefe C, Ozgüç M. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, 06100 +Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. + +The real time PCR technique requires the normalization of the gene of interest to +reference genes that are accepted to be ubiquitously expressed. The choice of the +reference gene(s) needs to be determined by researchers according to the +particular tissue or model of interest. The best normalization gene is not easy +to decide, particularly if the investigated tissue displays architectural changes +and structural reorganization. We have investigated the expression of four +housekeeping genes that are widely used for the normalization purposes (TATA +binding protein, beta actin, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphorybosyl transferase and +glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) in a skeletal muscle degeneration model +applied by the release of the Achilles tendon which leads to a time-course +degeneration of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. This study indicates that +the TATA binding protein and the beta actin gene to be the least effected in the +course of degeneration induced by tenotomy in rat soleus and gastrocnemius +muscle. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.12.007 +PMID: 20045408 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +955. Diagn Pathol. 2009 Dec 31;4:48. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-48. + +Giant cell tumor-like lesion of the urinary bladder: a report of two cases and +literature review; giant cell tumor or undifferentiated carcinoma? + +Behzatoğlu K(1), Durak H, Canberk S, Aydin O, Huq GE, Oznur M, Ozyalvaçli G, +Yildiz P. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. kbehzatoglu@hotmail.com + +Giant cell tumor, excluding its prototype in bone, is usually a benign but local +aggressive neoplasm originating from tendon sheath or soft tissue. Malignant +behavior is uncommon. Visceral organ involvement including urinary bladder is +rare. Giant cell tumors in visceral organs usually accompany epithelial tumors +and the clinical behavior of giant cell tumor in urinary bladder is similar to +its bone counterpart. Here, we report two cases of giant cell tumor located in +urinary bladder in comparison with nine reported cases in the English literature. +Concurrent noninvasive urothelial carcinoma was also described in all these +previous reports and only one patient with follow-up died of disease. One of the +two cases we present had no concurrent urothelial tumor at the time of diagnosis +but had a history of a low grade noninvasive urothelial carcinoma with three +recurrences. The histology of these two cases was similar to the giant cell tumor +of bone and composed of oval to spindle mononuclear cells with evenly spaced +osteoclast-like giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the giant cells showed +staining with osteoclastic markers including CD68, TRAP, and LCA. +Immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, CD68, LCA, and smooth muscle actin in +mononuclear cells supported a mesenchymal origin with histiocytic lineage. The +histologic and immunohistochemical properties in our cases as well as their +clinical courses were consistent with a giant cell tumor. Consequently, tumors in +urinary bladder showing features of giant cell tumor of bone may also be +considered and termed "giant cell tumor". + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-48 +PMCID: PMC2811699 +PMID: 20043822 + + +956. Int J Surg Pathol. 2010 Jun;18(3):213. doi: 10.1177/1066896909356570. Epub 2009 +Dec 24. + +Pancytopenia due to massive bone marrow involvement in a patient with primary +hyperoxaluria. + +Mete O(1), Dogan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, +Turkey. ozgurmete77@gmail.com + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896909356570 +PMID: 20034985 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +957. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Mar;31(1):69-71. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181cae798. + +An unusual cause of death at preschool age: scalding by hot milk. + +Cekin N(1), Akçan R, Arslan MM, Hilal A, Eren A. + +Author information: +(1)Turkish Forensic Medicine Council Adana Group Administration, Adana, Turkey. + +Scalding is one of the most painful and devastating burn injuries a child can +suffer. Victims are generally scalded by splashed or spilled hot fluids in the +home environment. Interestingly, scalding by hot milk is a common cause of burns +in rural parts of Turkey. This study aimed to identify the general features of +scalding by hot milk, and to make the authorities aware of this problem through +educational programs for parents and caregivers.The records of the Council of +Forensic Medicine Adana Group Administration and public prosecutor's office were +used. Forty-four deaths in children of preschool age (under 6) due to scalding by +hot milk during 2001-2005 were analyzed.Scalding with hot milk constituted 1.05% +of all medico-legal deaths (4183) during the period considered. Twenty-five +(56.81%) of the victims were male while 19 (43.19%) were female. The victims' +ages ranged between 18 months and 6 years, with a mean age of 3.03.Scalding by +hot milk appears to be an important public health problem, especially in rural +areas of Turkey. Educational programs for families and caregivers and +implementation of simple safety measures will decrease the prevalence of deaths +due to such preventable injuries. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181cae798 +PMID: 20032773 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +958. Histol Histopathol. 2010 Feb;25(2):141-51. doi: 10.14670/HH-25.141. + +The effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on the endothelium of the carotid artery of +rabbits on a high-cholesterol diet. + +Cayli S(1), Sati L, Seval-Celik Y, Tuncer MA, Yaymaci B, Berkman Z, Altug T, +Demir R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. + +The preventive and therapeutic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on +diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rabbits have been investigated. Eighteen New +Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of 6 subjects each; +experimental group-I (EG-I) was administered a cholesterol rich diet, +experimental group-II (EG-II) was treated with EPA (300 mg/kg/d) following a +cholesterol-rich diet and the control group (CG) had a standard diet. Blood +samples were collected at day 0 and at the 4th and 12th weeks of EG-II to obtain +serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C), +low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG). From each group +tissue samples were collected from the carotid artery for immunohistochemistry +and electron microscopy. Our results showed that EPA could significantly lower +(p<0.001) serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG levels with a reduction of 35%; 55%; 44% +and 51%, respectively. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy results +revealed that endothelial damage was more prominent in EG-I when compared to +EG-II. The ruptured endothelial lining and damaged cellular surface was increased +in EG-I when compared to EG-II. Ultrastructural observations showed that after +EPA treatment, the degeneration and cellular surface damage on the endothelium +were also decreased. These biochemical and ultrastructural results suggest that +EPA is a potential drug which significantly lowers the serum lipid profile and +partially repairs endothelial dysfunction due to hyperlipidemia. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-25.141 +PMID: 20017101 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +959. Acta Cytol. 2009 Nov-Dec;53(6):707-10. + +Fine needle aspiration cytopathology of primary solid adenoid cystic carcinoma of +the lung: a case report. + +Ozkara SK(1), Turan G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. emrecan1999@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, distinctive salivary gland +malignant neoplasm arising infrequently as a primary tumor in the lung. +Cytomorphology of lung primary ACC has been rarely reported. To the best of our +knowledge, cytopathologic features of the solid type of ACC have not been +described as a primary lung tumor. +CASE: A case of solid-type primary pulmonary ACC arising in the upper segment of +the left mainstem bronchus, suggestively diagnosed cytopathologically by +bronchoscope-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA), is presented. Cytopathologic +differential diagnoses of ACC with other, more common primary neoplasms of the +lung are discussed. FNA smears exhibited a normocellular specimen with several +large, densely cellular tissue fragments and individual cells, homogeneous and +without prominent atypia. Nuclei were round to oval, with finely granular +chromatin. Nucleoli were either absent or inconspicious. The nuclear to +cytoplasmic ratio was high. Cytoplasm was minimal; chromatin was bland, with rare +chromocenters. There was no nuclear molding. Staining the air-dried smears with +May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain revealed metachromatic, magenta material not in +spherules or cords but as shapeless structures surrounded by tumor cells. +CONCLUSION: A preoperative cytopathologic diagnosis of poorly differentiated +primary pulmonary ACC can enhance surgical planning and success of tumor +resection. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325416 +PMID: 20014565 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +960. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Mar;31(1):34-6. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c160d9. + +Methanol intoxication: pathological changes of central nervous system (17 cases). + +Karayel F(1), Turan AA, Sav A, Pakis I, Akyildiz EU, Ersoy G. + +Author information: +(1)Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. ferahkarayel@mynet.com + +The nervous system has increased susceptibility for methanol intoxication. The +aim of this study is to investigate various central nervous system lesions of +methanol intoxication in 17 cases autopsied in the mortuary department of the +Council of Forensic Medicine in Istanbul, Turkey. The reasons of methanol +intoxication in the cases was likely the unwitting ingestion of methanol while +drinking illegal alcohol. Survival times ranged from several hours to days. In 8 +cases (47%), cerebral edema and in 9 cases (53%) at occipital, temporal and +parietal cortex, basal ganglia and pons, petechial bleeding was observed. In +addition to these findings, hemorrhagic necrosis were observed in thalamus, +putamen, and globus pallidus in 5 cases (29.4%) and, in cerebral cortex in +another 3 cases (17.6%). In 3 of the cases (17.6%) in which cerebral edema was +found, herniation findings accompanied to the situation and in 2 cases (11.7%), +pons bleeding was observed. Around the basal ganglia, in 2 of the cases with +hemorrhagic necrosis, the situation ended with a ventricular compression. In 7 +cases (41%), the associated findings of chronic ischemic changes in cortical +neurons, lacunae formation, degeneration of granular cell layer of the +cerebellum, and reactive gliosis were considered as the results of chronic +alcoholism. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c160d9 +PMID: 20010293 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +961. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2011 Jan;63(1-2):175-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.11.006. Epub +2009 Dec 11. + +Possible effect of gene polymorphisms on the release of TNFα and IL1 cytokines in +coal workers' pneumoconiosis. + +Ates I(1), Yucesoy B, Yucel A, Suzen SH, Karakas Y, Karakaya A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, +Ankara 06100, Turkey. iates@pharmacy.ankara.edu.tr + +It has been shown that coal dust exposure stimulates inflammatory response +leading to increased release of cytokines from monocytes such as TNF-alpha and +IL1. These released cytokines play the key role in the pathogenesis of +pneumoconiosis including coal workers' pneumoconiosis. In this study, we +investigated TNFA, IL1A, IL1B and IL1RA genes variations on basal, +lipopolysaccharide and coal dust-induced cytokine release from blood monocytes of +homozygous allele and minor variant allele carriers in Turkish coal workers and +CWP patients. According to the genotyping results, TNFA -238 gene polymorphism +was found as a risk factor in CWP development (OR=3.79) and to in vitro results; +release of both TNF-alpha and IL1 cytokines from the monocytes in CWP patients +was significantly increased compared to the healthy workers. Also, LPS and coal +dust stimulated release of TNF-alpha, which was significantly higher in allele 2 +carriers compared to subjects carrying allele 1 in both the groups. These data +suggest that the coal dust-induced release of TNF-alpha from monocytes may be a +useful biomarker of CWP. + +Copyright © 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.11.006 +PMID: 20005085 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +962. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2010 Mar-Apr;13(2):107-11. doi: 10.2350/09-04-0643-OA.1. + +The effects of antenatal anticoagulants (low-molecular-weight heparin and +aspirin) on neonatal pulmonary vasculature in rabbits. + +Canpolat FE(1), Orhan D, Yigit S, Kale G, Yurdakök M, Tekinalp G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. femrecan@gmail.com + +Low-molecular-weight heparin and aspirin are the most prescribed medical agents +as anticoagulants in pregnancy. Our objective was to investigate the effects of +antenatal use of low-molecular-weight heparin and aspirin on pulmonary vascular +development in neonatal rabbits. Seven pregnant rabbits (42 newborn rabbits) were +divided into 5 groups as follows: control group (group 1, n = 14), heparin +treated (group 2, n = 8), heparin and aspirin treated (group 3, n = 7), only +aspirin treated (group 4, n = 6), and high-dose heparin treated (group 5, n = +12). Pulmonary histologic evaluations were carried out for all groups. +Angiogenesis was also tested by CD34 immunostained microvessel count (mvc). +Pathologic examination of pulmonary vasculature revealed that pulmonary vascular +thickening occurred at the level of alveoli in heparin-, heparin- and aspirin-, +and high-dose-heparin-treated groups (groups 2, 3, and 5). The percentage of wall +thickness was different in groups 2 (26%), 3 (28.2%), and 5 (30.8%) compared with +group 1 (21.4%). Statistical differences were observed between group 1 vs 2, 3, +and 5. Microvessel count was also different between groups 2 (mvc = 90.5), 3 (mvc += 90.2), and 5 (mvc = 96.3) vs group 1 (mvc = 86.7). The microvessel count was +statistically different between groups that received low-dose heparin vs +high-dose heparin. Antenatal administration of low-molecular-weight heparin +showed an effect on pulmonary vascular development. This effect may be explained +by the influence of heparin on angiogenesis through placental growth factors. +Further experiments are needed to understand the pathophysiology of these +findings, and clinical studies are needed to correlate of these results. + +DOI: 10.2350/09-04-0643-OA.1 +PMID: 19968488 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +963. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Feb 15;206(2):88-92. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.09.006. Epub +2009 Dec 2. + +Tumor budding as a prognostic marker in laryngeal carcinoma. + +Sarioglu S(1), Acara C, Akman FC, Dag N, Ecevit C, Ikiz AO, Cetinayak OH, Ada E; +for Dokuz Eylül Head and Neck Tumour Group (DEHNTG). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 +Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. sulen.sarioglu@deu.edu.tr + +Tumor budding is recognized as an adverse prognostic factor for a few carcinoma +types. We evaluated the importance of this finding in 64 laryngeal carcinoma +patients treated with surgery and radiotheraphy, with a median follow up of 53 +(6-181) months. Budding was determined by re-evaluating hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) +stained tumor sections, and classified as mild, moderate, and marked. Budding was +not identified in 14 (21.88%) cases. Mild, moderate, and marked budding was +observed in 21 (32.81%), 15 (23.44%), and 14 (21.88%) cases, respectively. Only +when cases with marked budding were compared with the others, statistically +significant results were obtained. In patients with and without marked budding, +local disease-free survival, metastatic disease-free survival, and overall +survival were 71% and 97% (p=0.72), 77% and 93% (p=0.038), and 77% and 75% +(p=0.71), respectively. Marked budding was identified as a prognostic factor by +univariate analysis for distant metastasis-free survival. Multi-variate analysis, +by which well-recognized prognostic histopathologic parameters were evaluated, +revealed that only the number of metastatic lymph nodes and budding were +significantly associated with distant metastasis (p=0.02 and p=0.044), +respectively. These results suggest that budding might be a valuable prognostic +factor, particularly for distant metastasis in laryngeal carcinomas. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.09.006 +PMID: 19959297 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +964. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Mar;31(1):55-7. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c215f9. + +Tuberculosis prevalence in forensic autopsies. + +Ozsoy S(1), Demirel B, Albay A, Kisa O, Dinc AH, Safali M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, +Turkey. dr_saitozsoy@yahoo.com + +INTRODUCTION: According to the 2008 World Health Organization report, in 2006, +9.2 million new cases were determined, and 1.7 million people have lost their +life due to tuberculosis (TB) in all around the world. In our country (Turkey), +it is estimated that 35,000 to 40,000 people have TB disease annually. The +Ministry of Health could just determine 18,500 of these cases, and only 6500 +patient could be treated effectively. According to the Tuberculosis Dispensary +records, the incidence for TB in Turkey is 28/100,000. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is aimed to determine the infection with Mycobacterium +tuberculosis using acidoresistant bacilli microscopy, TB culture, and +histopathological methods in tissue samples that were obtained from lungs of +forensic cases whose autopsies had been performed in Council of Forensic Medicine +Ankara Department Morgue Specialized Committee. +RESULTS: A total of 3 tissue samples that were obtained from lungs of randomized +302 cases, were positive for TB in Löwenstein-Jensen medium. Granuloma with +caseating necrosis was found in histopathological examination and acidoresistant +(+) bacilli (1+, 2+, and 2+, respectively) in microscopically analysis were also +demonstrated in this 3 tissue samples. +DISCUSSION: For this reason, we think that autopsy workers have to be careful +about tuberculosis during their autopsy working. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c215f9 +PMID: 19935395 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +965. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Mar;31(1):64-8. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c21bf0. + +Evaluation of farm tractor-related fatalities. + +Dogan KH(1), Demirci S, Sunam GS, Deniz I, Gunaydin G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +42080 Meram, Konya, Turkey. drhakan2000@gmail.com + +Farm tractors are the major cause of occupational fatalities in agricultural +regions. Fatalities typically result from being run over or crushed by the +tractor, becoming entangled in the moving parts of the tractor, accidents on +roadways, and tractor rollovers, which involve the tractor tipping sideways or +backwards and crushing the operator. In this study, tractor-related fatalities in +the Konya province of Turkey are retrospectively evaluated. Out of the 3940 cases +on which a death examination and/or autopsy was performed between the years 2000 +and 2007 at The Konya Branch of Forensic Medicine Council, 86 (2.2%) of the death +cases were caused by tractor accidents and are included in this study. The ages +of the victims varied between 3 and 80 years old with a mean age of 31.7 + or - +22.3. Sixty-eight (79.1%) of the cases involved males, while 18 (20.9%) of the +cases involved females. In 32 (37.2%) of the cases, the deaths due to tractor +accidents occurred when the tractor overturned. In 37 (43.0%) of the cases, the +tractor-related fatalities involved the passengers and the drivers were involved +in 34 (39.5%) of the cases. In conclusion, tractor accidents are preventable and +deaths from tractor accidents can be significantly reduced if drivers are +required to wear safety belts and helmets and frequent checks are implemented to +enforce the ban on carrying passengers. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c21bf0 +PMID: 19935392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +966. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010 Mar;31(1):85-6. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c21c24. + +A case of suicidal ligature strangulation by using a tourniquet method. + +Atilgan M(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty, Antalya +Branch of the Council of Forensic Medicine, Antalya, Turkey. +atilgan@akdeniz.edu.tr + +Ligature strangulations are usually homicidal. Accidental and suicidal ligature +strangulations are quite rare. In this study, an unusual case of suicidal +ligature strangulation with a tourniquet method using a walking stick is +presented.A 70-year-old-man was found dead in his room, a piece of cloth wrapped +around the neck, knotted, and tightened by a walking stick. His hand was still on +the walking stick which was seemingly used by him for a tourniquet effect. +Autopsy showed bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle hemorrhage. A thorough death +scene investigation, detailed corpse examination, and autopsy are extremely +important for determining the manner of death in such ligature strangulation +cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c21c24 +PMID: 19935390 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +967. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2009 Dec;33(6):265-8. doi: 10.3109/01913120903348852. + +Is it possible to diagnose Wilson disease with a piece of skin? + +Eşrefoğlu M(1), Gül M, Seyhan M, Selimoğlu MA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, +Malatya, Turkey. + +Renal, skeletal, cardiac, and ophthalmic involvement in Wilson disease (WD) is +well known. In this case report, high copper content and ultrastructural findings +of skin of a patient with WD accompanied by xerosis are presented. + +DOI: 10.3109/01913120903348852 +PMID: 19929173 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +968. Clin Neuropathol. 2009 Nov-Dec;28(6):440-4. + +Intracranial cholesteatoma - case report and critical review. + +Habesoglu TE(1), Balak N, Habesoglu M, Zemheri E, Isik N, Elmaci I, Egeli E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Chronic otitis media is a potentially serious disease because of its +complications, most of which are common in conjunction with cholesteatomas. There +is variance in the terminology used by neurosurgeons, otorhinolaryngologists and +neuropathologists. Synonyms for cholesteatoma found in the literature include +epidermoid tumor, epidermoid cysts and epithelial inclusion cyst. Intracranial +extension of an acquired cholesteatoma is a rarely documented occurrence. +PATIENTS/MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 47-year-old woman who had undergone a right +tympanomastoidectomy 20 years previously, presented with a long history of mild +headaches that had become progressively more severe over the last 3 years. +Clinical and radiological evaluation of the patient raised the suspicion of an +intracranial cholesteatoma. +RESULTS: A right temporal craniotomy was performed. The mass was completely +excised and histopathological study revealed the tumor to be a cholesteatoma. The +patient's post-operative recovery was uneventful. +CONCLUSIONS: Cholesteatomas possess the capacity for eroding bone and can have an +insidious onset, but once established, grows relentlessly and destroys +neighboring structures. Since a gradual intracranial involvement does not usually +cause acute symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, the correct diagnosis +may be difficult. Detailed clinical and radiographic studies in particular are +diagnostically helpful. Because of the high incidence of delayed recurrence, +life-long follow-up is required. The inconsistency in the histopathological +classification of intracranial cholesteatomas should be clarified. + + +PMID: 19919818 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +969. Diagn Pathol. 2009 Nov 16;4:38. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-38. + +CD10 expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. + +Bahadir B(1), Behzatoglu K, Bektas S, Bozkurt ER, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Faculty of Medicine, +Zonguldak, Turkey. burakbahadir@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: CD10 antigen is a 100-kDa-cell surface zinc metalloendopeptidase and +it is expressed in a variety of normal and neoplastic lymphoid and nonlymphoid +tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate CD10 expression in urothelial +carcinoma of the urinary bladder and to determine the correlation between +immunohistochemical (IHC) CD10 expression and histopathologic parameters +including grade and stage. +METHODS: 371 cases of urothelial bladder carcinomas, all from transurethral +resections, were included in this study. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained sections +from each case were reevaluated histopathologically according to WHO 2004 grading +system. The TNM system was used for pathologic staging. Selected slides were also +studied by IHC and a semiquantitative scoring for CD10 expression based on the +percentage of positive cells was performed. +RESULTS: 157 cases (42.3%) showed immunostaining while 214 cases (57.7%) were +negative for CD10. 1+ staining was seen in 65 CD10 positive cases (41.4%), and 2+ +in 92 cases (58.6%). Overall CD10 expression as well as 2+ immunostaining was +significantly correlated with high histologic grade. Overall CD10 expression was +also significantly higher in invasive pT1 and pT2-3 tumors compared to +noninvasive pTa tumors. pT1 and pT2-3 tumors were also significantly correlated +with 2+ immunostaining. +CONCLUSION: To date, only a few comparative IHC studies have assessed CD10 +expression in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder and this study +represents the largest series. Our findings indicate that CD10 expression is +strongly correlated with high tumor grade and stage in urothelial carcinoma of +the bladder, and that CD10 may be associated with tumor progression in bladder +cancer pathogenesis. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-38 +PMCID: PMC2780995 +PMID: 19917108 + + +970. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Dec;30(4):369-72. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187e06b. + +Suicide by ligature strangulation: three case reports. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Erkol Z, Gunaydin G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +Suicide by ligature strangulation, which gives the initial impression of a +homicide, is very rare. In this article, 3 suicidal death cases caused by +ligature strangulation in Konya between 2001 and 2006 are presented. The first +victim was a 68-year-old man who suffered from depression and lived alone in a +cottage house. He terminated his life by applying a tourniquet to his neck after +leaving a suicide note. The second victim was a 70-year-old woman who was found +dead on the floor of the living room in her house. After she cut the vessels in +her wrist, she tied pantyhose with 3 knots around her neck. It was reported that +she had been intermittently receiving treatment for bronchial asthma and +depression for 20 years. The third victim was a 30-year-old woman who suffered +from schizophrenia for 6 years. She tied a scarf around her neck with 3 knots and +died in the hospital after 1 day due to "hypoxic brain syndrome." As a result of +the death scene investigations, autopsies, and judicial inquiries, it was +concluded that death was by suicide in all 3 cases. Because the use of the +ligature strangulation method, and particularly the tourniquet method, in +suicidal cases is extremely rare in the literature, our aim is to present and +discuss these cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187e06b +PMID: 19901818 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +971. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Dec;30(4):346-9. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c0e7bb. + +Postmortem findings after anaphylactic reactions to drugs in Turkey. + +Yilmaz R(1), Yuksekbas O, Erkol Z, Bulut ER, Arslan MN. + +Author information: +(1)Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. dr_riza_yilmaz@yahoo.com + +AIMS: To determine the frequency of anaphylactic deaths at autopsies performed in +Turkey between January 2001 and June 2006 and to review the circumstances of +death and autopsy findings. +METHODS: The Council of Forensic Medicine database in Istanbul was searched for +anaphylactic deaths. Postmortem reports and medical records were reviewed to +determine the circumstances of death. Data about basic demographics, medical +history, drugs responsible for allergic reactions, and pathologic findings at +autopsy were collected. +RESULTS: A total of 36 anaphylactic deaths from drugs were identified for the +study period. Death was due to antibiotics in 26 cases, analgesics in 7 cases, an +intraoperative drug in 1 case, an H2 receptor in 1 case, and intravenous contrast +medium in 1 case. Out of 36 cases, 19 were male and 17 female. They were aged +between 1 and 74 years with the median age of 26.7 years. Death occurred within 1 +hour of the onset of anaphylaxis in 27 cases. Findings at autopsy included +nonspecific pulmonary edema and congestion, upper airway edema, cerebral hypoxia, +and cutaneous edema. Serum tryptase levels were not measured in all cases. +CONCLUSION: Anaphylactic reaction is an uncommon cause of sudden death. In many +cases, no specific macroscopic or microscopic findings were detected at autopsy. +When serum tryptase levels cannot be determined, in the presence of typical +clinical records, eye witness reports and autopsy findings can be useful +diagnostic aids. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181c0e7bb +PMID: 19901808 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +972. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009 Nov;28(6):541-8. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181aaba0d. + +Human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer specimens from Turkey. + +Usubütün A(1), Alemany L, Küçükali T, Ayhan A, Yüce K, de Sanjosé S, Font R, +Lloveras B, Klaustermeier J, Quint W, Muñoz N, Bosch FX. + +Author information: +(1)Medical School, Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. ausubutu@hacettepe.edu.tr + +The main aim of the study is to describe the human papillomavirus (HPV) +type-specific distribution in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) specimens from +Turkey. Paraffin-embedded ICC specimens were identified from the histopathologic +archives of the Hacettepe University Medical School in Turkey. HPV detection was +carried out through amplification of HPV DNA by a SPF-10 broad-spectrum primer +polymerase chain reaction and subsequently followed by DNA enzyme immunoassay and +genotyping by LiPA25 (version 1). Two hundred seventy-seven ICC cases diagnosed +between 1993 and 2004 were retrieved. After histologic evaluation and human +beta-globin gene analysis for sample quality, 248 cases were considered suitable +for HPV/DNA testing. HPV prevalence was 93.5% (232/248; 95% confidence interval: +90.5%-96.6%). The five most common HPV types identified as single types among +HPV-positive cases were HPV16 (64.7%), HPV18 (9.9%), HPV45 (9.9%), HPV31 (3.0%), +and HPV33 (2.2%). The study shows that in Turkey, HPV16/HPV18 accounted for 75.4% +(95% confidence interval: 69.9%-81.0%) of HPV-positive ICC cases. This +information is essential to evaluate the potential impact of the HPV vaccines in +the country. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181aaba0d +PMID: 19851201 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +973. APMIS. 2009 Nov;117(11):825-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02537.x. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and connection with tumor recurrence and +histopathologic parameters in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. + +Türköz HK(1), Alkan I, Sişman S, Ozcan D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. kemal.turkoz@marmara.edu.tr + +Tissue cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin +synthesis and has been shown to have roles in carcinogenesis and tumor +progression. Evaluation of COX-2 overexpression in malignancies has been +performed mostly on tumors of epithelial origin, and little is known about its +presence in mesenchymal tumors, especially gastrointestinal stromal tumors +(GIST). COX-2 has been reported to be widely expressed in GIST and has been +suggested as a potential diagnostic marker. We evaluated the overexpression and +roles of COX-2 in tumorigenesis in GIST with regard to its relation to prognostic +parameters and tumor recurrence. We studied the presence of COX-2 expression +immunohistochemically and its relation to clinicopathologic prognostic variables +in 41 cases of GIST. COX-2 was overexpressed in 21 (51%) of 41 tumors. The extent +of overexpression was greater in tumors that recurred after surgical resection. +COX-2 overexpression was also higher in tumors with coagulative necrosis, high +mitotic index and an infiltrative pattern of growth. The observation of greater +COX-2 expression levels in GIST with unfavorable histopathologic variables is +contrary to previous reports and consistent with the reported roles of COX-2 in +carcinogenesis of epithelial malignancies. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02537.x +PMID: 19845533 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +974. Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Jan 15;206(1):19-23. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.07.017. + +Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor +1 alpha (HIF-1alpha), and transforming growth factors beta1 (TGFbeta1) and beta3 +(TGFbeta3) in gestational trophoblastic disease. + +Bolat F(1), Haberal N, Tunali N, Aslan E, Bal N, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Baskent University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 06490 +Ankara, Turkey. drfilizbolat@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the expression +of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta +(TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3), and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) in +gestational trophoblastic diseases to highlight the possible histogenesis. +Twenty-one partial hydatidiform moles (PHM), 19 complete hydatidiform moles +(CHM), 13 choriocarcinomas, and 20 nonhydropic spontaneous abortions (control +group) were evaluated with immunohistochemistry using VEGF, HIF-1alpha, TGFbeta1, +and TGFbeta3. The extent of immunohistochemical positivity (0%=0, 1-24%=1, +25-49%=2, 50-74%=3, and greater than 75%=4) and intensity (no staining=0, weak +staining=1, medium staining=2, and strong staining=3) were recorded. The +expression of VEGF in spontaneous abortions and choriocarcinoma was higher than +the expression in PHM and CHM. HIF-1alpha was strongly expressed in the +choriocarcinomas compared to the other subgroups. Nonhydropic spontaneous +abortions (control group) showed the highest TGFbeta1 expression levels among the +case subgroups, followed by PHM, CHM, and choriocarcinoma (p<0.001). The +expression of TGFbeta3 was seen in all groups, but the highest level of +expression was observed in both CHM and choriocarcinoma. We conclude that higher +levels of VEGF, HIF-1alpha, and TGFbeta3 expression in choriocarcinoma might be +involved in the development of trophoblastic diseases. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.07.017 +PMID: 19836147 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +975. Acta Cytol. 2009 Sep-Oct;53(5):491-6. + +Cervical lymphadenopathy associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: an analysis of +22 cases by fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Paksoy N(1), Yazal K. + +Author information: +(1)Paksoy's Cytopathology Laboratory, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey. +citographica@superonline.com + +OBJECTIVE: To analyze the possible association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis +(HT) and cervical lymphadenopathy in cases diagnosed by fine needle aspiration +cytology. +STUDY DESIGN: Among the patients referred to our laboratory for ultrasound-guided +fine needle aspiration cytology of thyroid nodules (USG-FNAC), cases of HT +associated with cervical lymphadenopathy were evaluated. +RESULTS: Between February 2001 and May 2007, HT was diagnosed in 94 (11%) of a +total of 856 thyroid USG-FNAC cases. Among these cases, 22 (23%) were associated +with single/ multiple cervical lymphadenopathy. In all cases, FNAC of the lymph +nodes was consistent with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Anti-TPO and anti-Tg +antibody results were obtained in 14 of 22 cases with HT. Among these cases, 12 +showed positive values. +CONCLUSION: Clinicians and cytopathologists who encounter thyroid nodules with +cervical lymphadenopathy should also include the possibility of HT in the +differential diagnosis. A literature search disclosed no report regarding the +possible association between HT and cervical lymphadenopathy. Considering the +limitations due to lack of immunocytochemical analysis of the thyroid and lymph +node aspirates, our study should be taken as a preliminary one. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325374 +PMID: 19798875 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +976. Int J Surg Pathol. 2010 Aug;18(4):248-54. doi: 10.1177/1066896909346272. Epub +2009 Sep 30. + +Will the modification of the Gleason grading system affect the urology practice? + +Ozok HU(1), Sagnak L, Tuygun C, Oktay M, Karakoyunlu N, Ersoy H, Alper M. + +Author information: +(1)Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Department of 3rd +Urology, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey. drozok@gmail.com + +The aim of the present study was to determine how the modified Gleason grading +(mGG) system affects the score discrepancy between needle biopsy (NB) and radical +prostatectomy (RP) and to investigate the effect of the modified scores on +nomogram predictions. When the conventional Gleason grading (cGG) and mGG systems +were compared, a new Gleason score was obtained in the NBs for 40 out of 97 +patients (41.2%; P < .001) and in the RP specimens for 15 out of 97 patients +(15.5%; P = .005). The agreement between the NBs and RP specimens rose from 31.9% +to 44.3% with the mGG system (P = .017). However, when the predictions calculated +with the location of modified Gleason scores in the Memorial Sloan Kettering +Cancer Center nomogram were compared with those of the conventional Gleason +scores, higher pathological stage and lower life expectancy predictions were +obtained. Therefore, when a clinician is making a choice from therapeutic +options, this change should be taken into account. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896909346272 +PMID: 19793829 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +977. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(12):854-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.07.015. Epub 2009 +Sep 16. + +Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), +and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) expression in urothelial carcinomas. + +Donmez G(1), Sullu Y, Baris S, Yildiz L, Aydin O, Karagoz F, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Adana Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Adana, +Turkey. + +Angiogenesis is a multistep process that depends on the balance of proangiogenic +factors and inhibitors as well as on interactions with the extracellular matrix. +We examined the immunohistochemical expression of the defining angiogenic agents, +vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), +and the antiangiogenic agent thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in 131 patients with +urothelial carcinoma and correlated their expression levels with +clinicopathological parameters. VEGF and MMP-9 expression was higher in +high-grade tumors than in low-grade tumors (p=0.000 and p=0.001, respectively), +whereas the reverse was true for TSP-1 (p=0.000). VEGF and MMP-9 expression was +higher in deeper tumors compared to superficial tumors and in invasive tumors +compared to non-invasive tumors (p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively), while TSP-1 +was lower (p=0.000). We could differentiate 22 of 41 muscle-invasive (T2) cases +as superficial (T2a; n=7) or deep (T2b; n=15), but no difference was found +between them regarding VEGF, MMP-9, or TSP-1 expression (p=0.783, p=0.289, and +p=0.783, respectively). There was a positive correlation between VEGF and MMP-9 +expression (p=0.008, r=0.23) but a negative correlation between MMP-9 and TSP-1 +expression (p=0.014, r=-0.21). Increased VEGF and MMP-9 expression as well as +decreased TSP-1 expression may play considerable roles in the invasion and +differentiation of urothelial carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.07.015 +PMID: 19762163 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +978. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2009 Oct;13(5):344-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.02.005. +Epub 2009 Apr 1. + +Verrucous carcinoma of the cervix in a case with uterine prolapse. + +Dane B(1), Dane C, Erginbas M, Baran S, Cetin A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haseki Training and Research +Hospital, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey. banudane@yahoo.com + +Verrucous carcinoma of the female tract is rare. We present a case involving +association of verrucous carcinoma of the cervix with uterine prolapse. A +86-year-old woman was admitted with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. The +gynecologic examination revealed the uterine prolapse with a exophytic tumorous +mass (3 x 6 x 8 cm) on the cervix. A punch biopsy was taken from the tumor, which +revealed coilocytotic and mild dysplastic changes in the squamous epithelium; +invasion of the underlying stroma could not be evaluated. A cervical swab was +tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using the polymerase chain reaction, +and HPV type 31 was detected. The tumorous mass was totally excised. The +histopathologic diagnosis was consistent with verrucous carcinoma of the cervix: +exophytic lesion was composed of thickened, acanthotic papillary squamous +epithelium with mild dysplasia and diffuse parakeratosis, and no obvious invasion +was observed. The patient was periodically controlled by pelvic examination and +was free of progressive disease at 6 months. The diagnosis and treatment of +verrucous carcinoma of the cervix may be difficult in some cases. The presence of +HPV type 31 in our case might indicate the possibility that HPV is the etiology +of this neoplasm. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.02.005 +PMID: 19751912 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +979. Tissue Antigens. 2009 Dec;74(6):539-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01347.x. +Epub 2009 Sep 8. + +Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 polymorphism in patients with +rheumatic heart disease. + +Düzgün N(1), Duman T, Haydardedeoğlu FE, Tutkak H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a systemic inflammatory disease occurring as a +consequence of an exaggerated immune response to group A, beta haemolytic +streptococcal pharyngitis. The molecular mimicry between human target +organs/tissues and specific components of the infectious organism leads to the +development of autoimmune reactions and cardiac tissue damage in rheumatic heart +disease (RHD). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a negative +regulator of T cell activation and proliferation during the immune response. +CTLA-4 gene polymorphism has been shown to affect the inhibitory function of +CTLA-4. We aimed to analyze the association of CTLA-4 gene locus at position 49 +of exon 1 with susceptibility to ARF/RHD. This study included a total of 98 +patients with RHD as a sequela of ARF, who fulfilled the revised classification +criteria of Jones and 154 healthy unrelated controls. CTLA-4 +49 A/G polymorphism +was genotyped by using PCR-RLFP technique. Data was analyzed by binary logistic +regression models. The frequencies of GG, GA and AA genotypes were found to be +14%, 47% and 39%, respectively, in patients and 6%, 45% and 49%, respectively, in +controls. The GG genotype was found to be significantly different between +patients and controls (OR: 3.11; P = 0.016). GA and AA genotypes did not +statistically differ between patients and controls. Our data showed a significant +association of +49G /G polymorphism in a small patient group with RHD. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01347.x +PMID: 19737369 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +980. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2009 May-Jun;12(3):229-32. doi: 10.2350/07-06-0293.1. + +Autopsy findings of a case with oxalosis. + +Doganavsargil B(1), Akil I, Sen S, Mir S, Basdemir G. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, Turkey. +bdoganavsargil@yahoo.com + +Oxalosis, deposition of calcium oxalate in tissues, is the final stage of +hyperoxaluric syndromes. Being a rare entity, it is often missed, or the +diagnosis is delayed, since the definitive diagnosis requires special laboratory +tests. Kidneys, the walls of blood vessels, and bones are the major sites for +crystal deposition. We report the autopsy findings of a 4-year-old girl who +presented with end-stage renal disease in which the clinical presentation was +consistent with primary hyperoxaluria Type I. The case is unusual, as there was +extensive crystal deposition throughout the body, including in tissues that are +rarely involved, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, thymus, salivary +glands, pancreas, and bladder. + +DOI: 10.2350/07-06-0293.1 +PMID: 19736658 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +981. APMIS. 2009 Sep;117(9):651-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02516.x. + +Immunohistochemical expression of SPARC is correlated with recurrence, survival +and malignant potential in meningiomas. + +Bozkurt SU(1), Ayan E, Bolukbasi F, Elmaci I, Pamir N, Sav A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Institute for Neurological Sciences, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. subozkurt@hotmail.com + +Meningioma is a common neoplasm that constitutes almost 30% of all primary +central nervous system tumors and is associated with inconsistent clinical +outcomes. The extracellular matrix proteins play a crucial role in meningioma +cell biology and are important in tumor cell invasion and in progression to +malignancy. SPARC (secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine) (osteonectin) +is a matricellular glycoprotein that regulates cell function by interacting with +different extracellular matrix proteins. The aim of this study was to evaluate +the expression of SPARC with proliferation index, p53 reactivity in WHO grade 1 +(benign), grade 2 (atypical) and grade 3 (anaplastic) meningiomas and correlate +with clinical features of the patients, including location of the tumor, +recurrence of the tumor and survival of patients. We studied 111 meningiomas, 69 +being benign, 34 being atypical and eight being anaplastic meningiomas of various +histological types. Using immunohistochemical analysis, we evaluated the +expression of SPARC, Ki-67 (MIB-1) and p53 in meningiomas. Immunohistochemical +scores of SPARC were determined as the sum of frequency (0-3) and intensity (0-3) +of immunolabeling of the tumor cells. A high immunohistochemical score (4-6) for +SPARC was more frequent in atypical and in anaplastic meningiomas than in benign +meningiomas (p < 0.01). MIB-1 proliferation index showed significant association +between tumor grades in meningiomas (p < 0.01). At the end of a follow-up period +of 47.53 +/- 25.04 months, 30 tumors recurred. A high SPARC expression was +significantly associated with tumor recurrence (p = 0.02). The immunoreactivity +of p53 protein and MIB-1 score were significantly higher in recurrent meningiomas +than in non-recurrent meningiomas. The cumulative survival of patients with high +SPARC expression was significantly lower than patients with low SPARC expression. +The high SPARC expression scores were predominantly identified in meningothelial, +fibrous and chordoid meningiomas; low SPARC expression scores were mostly spotted +in secretory and psammomatous meningiomas. Evaluating SPARC expression might help +assessing recurrence risk and survival estimation in meningiomas. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02516.x +PMID: 19703125 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +982. Acta Cytol. 2009 Jul-Aug;53(4):463-6. + +Diagnostic dilemma in cytologic features of micropapillary carcinoma of the +breast: a report of 2 cases. + +Kelten EC(1), Akbulut M, Duzcan SE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is a rare type of breast +carcinoma with unique mophologic features and high frequency of axillary lymph +node metastasis. Recognizing the IMPC on cytology makes it possible to identify a +group of patients with a poor prognosis and may alter the adjuvant treatment. +CASES: We reviewed the cytologic features of a 2 IMPC cases 50-year-old women. +Both cases included conventional findings of IMPC, such as increased cellularity, +cell clusters with angular and papillary configuration without a fibrovascular +core, tumor clusters showing an "inside-out" pattern and the presence of single +discohesive cells. Of interest, both cases included a few malignant-appearing +multinucleated giant cells. The slides of 1 case were included a little mucin in +the background of tumor diathesis. There were no psammoma bodies in the smears. +CONCLUSION: The cytologic features of IMPC are unique and should be recognized +because of its' tendency to infiltrate the axillary lymph nodes. In addition to +well-known cytologic features of IMPC, multinucleated giant cells and a scanty +amount of mucin should also alert the cytopathologist to the possibility of IMPC. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325355 +PMID: 19697739 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +983. Acta Cytol. 2009 Jul-Aug;53(4):416-8. + +Diagnostic utility of toluidine blue-stained diagnostic utility of toluidine +blue-stained wet films in bronchial lavage cytology. + +Erkiliç S(1), Bayram N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey. +serk52@yahoo.com + +To investigate the effectiveness oftoluidine blue-stained wet films in +preliminary cytologic evaluation of bronchial washings.STUDY DESIGN: Bronchial +washings were obtained by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy from 179 patients with +suspected bronchial carcinoma. Each sample was evaluated with toluidine +blue-stained wet films as benign, suspicious or malignant, and the diagnoses were +compared to results of conventional smears and cell blocks. The sensitivity, +specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of wet films +were determined. +RESULTS: Of 179 samples, toluidine blue stains from 18 samples were classified as +malignant, 4 samples as suspicious and 157 samples as benign. The sensitivity of +the wet films was 83.3%, specificity was 98.7%, positive predictive value was +90.9% and negative predictive value was 97.5%. +CONCLUSION: Initial cytologic evaluation of bronchial washings with toluidine +blue-stained wet films is simple, fast and inexpensive. Moreover, it provides +guidance for additional procedures for the definitive diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325342 +PMID: 19697726 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +984. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Sep;30(3):276-9. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187e050. + +Unusual suicide note written on the body: two case reports. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Erkol Z, Gunaydin G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +Suicide notes are commonly written on some materials, such as notebooks, papers, +and mirrors. Additionally, suicide plans have been communicated in face-to-face +conversations, by speaking on the telephone, recording on CDs or video cassettes, +and sending messages through text messaging. In this article, 2 suicide death +cases are presented in which suicide notes were written on the bodies of the +victims. The first case, a 32-year-old man, was a university graduate and had +been unemployed for years; he committed suicide in his house by hanging. On the +external examination, it was seen that there were some words on the body written +with a pen; specifically "DONKEY" was written on the forehead; coursing +up-and-down along the chest, "HODJA" was on the right, "DO NOT" was on the +sternal region, and "WASH" was on the left; and undecipherable handwritings were +on both zygomatic regions. The second case, a 39-year-old woman, was a housewife +who was being physically abused by her husband and committed suicide by ingesting +an insecticide. It was observed that on the left leg, a note was written with a +pen saying that she could not stand being beaten by her husband on account of the +inheritance dispute between him and her elder brother; there was purple +ecchymoses in the periphery of the right eye and in the right gluteal area. Since +we have not found any reports of suicide notes written on the body in the +literature, we present and discuss our cases herein. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187e050 +PMID: 19696586 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +985. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Sep;30(3):270-2. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187dfdf. + +Accidental decapitation: a case report. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Erkol Z, Gunaydin G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +We report a case of an accidental decapitation of an agriculture worker in a +field. The scene investigation revealed that the worker had loosely tied a scarf +tied over his face in an attempt to diminish his exposure to barley dust, to +which he was allergic, while distributing the barley loads with a shovel upon a +trailer. The trailer was simultaneously being loaded by a helix elevator machine +and its rotating shaft suddenly caught the victim's scarf and pulled it down to +the victim's neck. The rotating motion immediately tightened the scarf around the +neck resulting in hanging/strangulation noose that, by continued tightening, +caused decapitation of the victim. The victim's body was found on the ground by +the trailer and the victim's head was discovered in the barley load in the +trailer. Examination revealed that the neck was severed at the level of the +second and third cervical vertebrae. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187dfdf +PMID: 19696584 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +986. Histol Histopathol. 2009 Oct;24(10):1287-94. doi: 10.14670/HH-24.1287. + +CCM2 and CCM3 proteins contribute to vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in human +placenta. + +Tanriover G(1), Seval Y, Sati L, Gunel M, Demir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, School of +Medicine, Antalya, Turkey. + +Placenta as an ideal model to study angiogenic mechanisms have been established +in previous studies. There are two processes, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, +involved in blood vessel formation during placental development. Therefore, blood +vessel formation is a crucial issue that might cause vascular malformations. One +of the vascular malformations is cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) in the +central nervous system, consisting of endothelium-lined vascular channels without +intervening normal brain parenchyma. Three CCM loci have been mapped as Ccm1, +Ccm2, Ccm3 genes in CCM. In order to investigate whether CCM proteins participate +in blood vessel formation, we report here the expression patterns of CCM2 and +CCM3 in developing and term human placenta by means of immunohistochemistry and +Western blot analysis. CCM2 and CCM3 were obviously detected in the vascular +endothelium during early pregnancy. Moreover, vascular endothelium of stem villi +revealed a moderate immunostaining for CCM2 and, to a lesser extent, in the +endothelium of mature intermediate villi in term placenta. Interestingly, CCM3 +immuno-staining was weakly localized in the endothelium of mature intermediate +villi and showed lesser expression going toward stem villi in term placenta. The +expression patterns of the proteins were clearly identified in the vascular +endothelium of human placenta, suggesting that they might play roles during +angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Furthermore, with this study, CCM2 and CCM3 have +been described for the first time in the human placenta. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-24.1287 +PMID: 19688696 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +987. Exp Mol Pathol. 2009 Oct;87(2):89-93. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.07.010. Epub 2009 +Aug 10. + +Classic Kaposi sarcoma with sarcoid-like granulomas: a case report and literature +review. + +Kandemir NO(1), Yurdakan G, Bektas S, Tekin NS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +67600, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey. niluferkandemir@yahoo.com + +The occurrence of granulomatous reactions within lymph nodes that drain +carcinomas is well known but uncommon. Even more rarely, granulomas may occur +within the stroma of tumors. These lesions, called sarcoid-like reactions, +commonly accompany carcinomas but are very rare in sarcomas. This study presents +a case of classic Kaposi sarcoma that contained sarcoid-like granulomas, with a +literature review. A soft tissue lesion of the foot was excised from a +74-year-old male. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor tissue +consisted of spindle cells, areas of atypical vascular proliferation, and +extravasated erythrocytes surrounded by non-caseating granulomas. The patient had +no clinical or laboratory findings of sarcoidosis. The case was interpreted as +"Kaposi sarcoma containing sarcoid-like granulomas". The association of soft +tissue sarcomas with a granulomatous reaction is very rare. A granulomatous +reaction is reported to be a good prognostic indicator in several carcinoma +types, although its importance in sarcomas is unclear. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.07.010 +PMID: 19679122 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +988. J Cutan Pathol. 2010 Sep;37(9):e57-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01392.x. Epub +2009 Aug 11. + +Pedunculated cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma. + +Gurel D(1), Kargi A, Lebe B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. duygu.gurel@deu.edu.tr + +Spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma is an infrequently seen benign adipose tissue +tumor. This tumor, mostly arising from the subcutaneous tissue, usually affects +male patients and occurs in back, shoulders, head and neck area. It is rarely +localized to dermis. Cutaneous spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma differs from its +subcutaneous counterpart by wider anatomical distribution, female predilection +and infiltrative margins. We here present a pedunculated type, cutaneous +pleomorphic lipoma case localized to the nasolabial region of 59-year-old man. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01392.x +PMID: 19678825 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +989. J Cutan Pathol. 2010 May;37(5):600-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01393.x. Epub +2009 Aug 5. + +Symmetrical primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma associated with rheumatoid +arthritis. + +Yildirim FE(1), Karaduman A, Hürmüz P, Ozyar E, Barişta I, Sağlam A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (PCMZL) is an indolent low grade +B cell lymphoma of the skin, with lack of extracutaneous involvement at the time +of diagnosis. Herein we report the case of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis +(RA) who developed symmetrical PCMZL lesions on both ear lobes. Lesions occurring +symmetrically on ear lobes are more specific for cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia +(CLH) and this kind of symmetrical localization hasn't been reported for PCMZL +before. PCMZL is considered to arise from a background of reactive lymphoid +hyperplasia and this case point out the concept of CLH and PCMZL spectrum. +Association of marginal zone lymphoma with rheumatoid arthritis and resolution of +lesions together with the resolution of symptoms due to rheumatoid arthritis +after rituximab therapy is another interesting point for this case. To the best +of our knowledge PCMZL associated with RA has not been reported previously. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01393.x +PMID: 19674036 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +990. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Sep;61(5):519-27. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.06.007. Epub +2009 Jul 23. + +The effects of iloprost, a prostacyclin analogue, in experimental +ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rat ovaries. + +Ozat M(1), Gungor T, Barun S, Demirogullari B, Sokmensuer LK, Gulbahar O, Gursoy +D, Muftuoglu S. + +Author information: +(1)Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Ovarian torsion is a surgical emergency affecting not only the ipsilateral ovary +but also contralateral ovary. Although the conventional treatment is +salpingo-oophorectomy, recent studies advocate detorsion. We hypothesized that +iloprost, an analogue of prostacyclin with cytoprotective properties, may prevent +the harmful effects of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in bilateral ovaries after +unilateral ovarian torsion-detorsion in rat. In this study, 24 female +Wistar-albino female rats were divided into four groups. Ovarian torsion was +produced by applying vascular clamps to right ovaries. In Group I, bilateral +oophorectomy was performed. In group II, bilateral oophorectomy was performed +after a unilateral torsion period of 4h. In group III, bilateral ovaries were +removed, following unilateral torsion-detorsion periods each lasted for 4h. +Saline was injected i.p. 30 min before detorsion. In group IV, same experimental +protocol, which was conducted in group III, was repeated. Iloprost was injected +i.p. 30 min before detorsion instead of saline in group IV. Tissue levels of +malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), which are the indicators for +oxidative stress were determined and histopathological evaluation was performed +in bilateral ovaries in all groups. The MDA and NO levels for ipsilateral ovaries +of four groups were compared and no significant difference was found (p>0.05). +The same comparison were done for the contralateral sides and no difference was +seen either (p>0.05). In histological examination, iloprost produced improvement +in I/R-induced alterations in ipsilateral and contralateral ovaries. In +conclusion, these results showed that iloprost has beneficial effect on the +histological appearances in both the ipsilateral and contralateral rat ovaries +after unilateral torsion-detorsion. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.06.007 +PMID: 19631517 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +991. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Nov;38(10):785-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00803.x. +Epub 2009 Jul 15. + +A composite index for determining the impact of oral ulcer activity in Behcet's +disease and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. + +Mumcu G(1), Sur H, Inanc N, Karacayli U, Cimilli H, Sisman N, Ergun T, +Direskeneli H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. goncamumcu@marmara.edu.tr + +Comment in + J Oral Pathol Med. 2010 Jul;39(6):510; author reply 511. + +BACKGROUND: Although number, frequency and healing time of oral ulcers and pain +are generally used for clinical practice and studies in Behcet's disease (BD) and +recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), no standardized activity index is currently +present to monitor clinical manifestations associated with oral ulcers. The aim +of this study was to develop a standardized composite index (CI) to assess oral +ulcer activity in BD and RAS. +METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 121 patients with BD and 45 patients with +RAS were included. Sixty-five percentage of BD and 68.9% of RAS patients were in +active stage during the previous 3 months. The developed CI included the presence +of oral ulcers, ulcer-related pain and functional status and was evaluated in +patients with both active and inactive disease for content validity. +RESULTS: Composite index score was observed to be higher in active patients with +RAS (6.94 + or - 2.19) compared with active BD patients (6.01 + or - 2.04) (P = +0.04). The number of oral ulcers and healing time of oral ulcers were +significantly higher in RAS compared with BD (P = 0.018, P = 0.001 respectively). +CI score correlated with the number of oral ulcers in both BD and RAS (P = 0.000, +P = 0.002 respectively). CI score was '0' for inactive patients without oral +ulcer in BD and RAS. +CONCLUSIONS: The presented CI as an oral ulcer activity index seems to be a +reliable and suitable tool for evaluating the clinical impact and +disease-specific problems in BD and RAS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00803.x +PMID: 19614861 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +992. Pathol Oncol Res. 2010 Mar;16(1):55-9. doi: 10.1007/s12253-009-9187-4. Epub 2009 +Jul 17. + +Comparison of osteopontin, beta-catenin and hnRNP B1 expression in lung +carcinomas. + +Guldur ME(1), Kibar Y, Deniz H, Bakir K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, 63100, +Sanliurfa, Turkey. sevimemin@mynet.com + +This study was performed to compare osteopontin (OPN), beta-catenin and +heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein B1 (hnRNP B1) immunreactivities in small +cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) and non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). +Correlation of these three antibodies with grade and clinicopathologic stage of +the tumor in NSCLC was also investigated. Twenty-nine SCLC, 6 large cell +carcinoma, 36 adenocarcinoma and 30 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), totally 101 +cases, were included in this study. OPN, beta-catenin and hnRNP B1 expressions +were immunohistochemically evaluated. OPN positivity was 6.9% in SCLC and 67% in +NSCLC. When NSCLC types were individually considered, OPN positivity was 66.7% in +large cell carcinoma, 80% in SCC and 55.6% in adenocarcinomas. beta-catenin +positivity was observed in 48.6% of NSCLC and none of SCLC cases. These results +were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Neither grade nor stage of NSCLC was +correlated with osteopontin, beta-catenin or hnRNP B1 immunreactivity. We +observed that OPN and beta-catenin are useful in differentiating SCLC from NSCLC. +This may be helpful in small lung biopsies where morphology is obscured by crush +artifacts. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-009-9187-4 +PMID: 19609729 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +993. J Cutan Pathol. 2009 Aug;36(8):901-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01158.x. + +Sweet's syndrome in familial Mediterranean fever: possible continuum of the +neutrophilic reaction as a new cutaneous feature of FMF. + +Oskay T(1), Anadolu R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Bayindir Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. oskayt@gmail.com + +Sweet's syndrome (SS) or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is an uncommon +disorder that often occurs in association with other systemic diseases. In its +systemic manifestation, SS resembles familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in many +aspects. Although the exact pathogenesis of SS and FMF is not yet clear, their +clinical similarities and simultaneous occurrence suggest a possible common +underlying mechanism and may represent a continuum of a reactive neutrophilic +condition. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01158.x +PMID: 19586502 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +994. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(9):589-94. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.01.010. Epub 2009 +Jul 5. + +The expression of p63 and p53 in keratoacanthoma and intraepidermal and invasive +neoplasms of the skin. + +Sakiz D(1), Turkmenoglu TT, Kabukcuoglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. dsakiz@yahoo.com + +p53 is a well-known tumor suppressor gene, and its mutation is a common event in +intraepidermal and invasive neoplasms of the skin. p63 is a homologue of the +tumor suppressor gene p53, which is expressed in human basal squamous epithelium, +and despite its homology to p53, it is considered to act as an oncogene. We +evaluated p63 and p53 expression in usual skin cancers, including basal cell +carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), keratoacanthoma (KA), and +intraepidermal neoplasms, including Bowen's disease (BD), actinic keratosis (AK), +malignant melanoma in situ (MM in situ), and Paget's disease (PD) to clarify the +putative role of p63 and p53 in the development and differential diagnosis of +these lesions. Seventeen SCC, 23 BCC, 16 KA, 26 AK, 22 BD, 7 MM in situ, and 6 PD +were included in this study. We determined decreasing p63 staining in BD, AK, +BCC, SCC, and KA, respectively. None of the MM in situ and PD was positive for +p63. The mean p53 staining was highest in BD, followed by AK, SCC, PD, KA, BCC, +and normal skin. There was no correlation between the groups in terms of p63 and +p53 staining. Based on our findings, analysis of p63 expression may be helpful in +the differential diagnosis of BD and AK versus MM in situ and PD, particularly in +small biopsies. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.01.010 +PMID: 19577853 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +995. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(11):749-52. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.06.001. Epub 2009 +Jul 1. + +Is D2-40 a useful marker for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from pulmonary +adenocarcinoma and benign mesothelial proliferations? + +Deniz H(1), Kibar Y, Güldür ME, Bakir K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gaziantep Pediatric Hospital, Turkey. +haleden2000@yahoo.com + +Since pulmonary adenocarcinomas, malignant mesotheliomas (MM), and sometimes +benign mesothelial proliferations show a great histomorphological resemblance to +each other, an immunohistochemical panel is usually necessary for differential +diagnosis. D2-40 is an available monoclonal antibody, which is already in use as +a lymphatic endothelial marker. It has also been suggested to be useful in +identifying the mesothelial differentiation. The aim of this study is to compare +D2-40 immunostaining in MM, pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and benign mesothelial +proliferations. In this retrospective study, D2-40 immunostaining was +investigated in 37 cases of MM, 36 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and 31 +cases of benign mesothelial proliferation. The diagnosis of MM had previously +been confirmed by a panel including calretinin, CK5/6, and CEA. Predominantly +membranous immunoreactivity was observed in 51% of MMs and in 55% of benign +mesothelial proliferations. All the 36 pulmonary adenocarcinomas were negative. +These results were statistically significant (p<0.001). We believe that D2-40 may +be helpful in the differential diagnosis of MM from pleural involvement of +pulmonary adenocarcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.06.001 +PMID: 19573998 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +996. Diagn Pathol. 2009 Jun 26;4:20. doi: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-20. + +Which urine marker test provides more diagnostic value in conjunction with +standard cytology- ImmunoCyt/uCyt+ or Cytokeratin 20 expression. + +Soyuer I(1), Sofikerim M, Tokat F, Soyuer S, Ozturk F. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Erciyes University, Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey. +isinsoy@erciyes.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Because of the poor sensitivity of urinary cytological findings for +the diagnosis of especially low grade urinary bladder carcinoma, new molecular +diagnostic methods have been proposed. We decided to verify the ImmunoCyt/uCyt+ +(UCyt+) test and cytology combination and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and cytology +combination in urine as possible diagnostic and monitoring tool for bladder +cancer. +METHODS: Evaluation of CK20 expression and UCyt+ was performed in urine of 90 +patients of which 54 with bladder cancer with primary/recurrent diagnosis (low +grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) = 23/8 patients, high grade urothelial +carcinoma (HGUC) = 18/5 patients), and 36 patients as control; except of +neoplastic bladder disease patients. For the evaluation of the three tests, CK20 +and UCyt+ tests were combined with urine cytology and compared with each other. +RESULTS: The overall sensitivity detected for each tumor marker was as follows: +for urine cytology was 75.9% and UCyt+ was 83.3%, for CK20 70.4%, while the +specificity was 66.7% for urine cytology and 86.1% for UCyt+ and 83.3% for CK20. +The sensitivity of cytology and UCyt+ combination was higher (88.9%) than the +sensitivity cytology and CK20 combination (77.8%). The simultaneous use of the +three markers, sensitivity was reaching 92.5%. +CONCLUSION: The UCyt+ test and CK20 expression are valid tools for the +performance of adjunctive analyses with conventional cytologic examination. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-20 +PMCID: PMC2709650 +PMID: 19558643 + + +997. Clin Neuropathol. 2009 May-Jun;28(3):203-9. + +Do cyst wall thickness and cyst size have any effect on the intra-operative +inadvertent rupture of echinococcal hydatid cyst of central nervous system? + +Balak N(1), Bayindir C, Uzuner E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Göztepe Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. naci.balak@attglobal.net + +Our primary aim was to investigate whether there is any association between +thickness of the hydatid cyst's wall and size and whether it has any effect on +intact removal of the cyst, independent of the surgeons' technique. Sixteen cases +of echinococcal hydatid cyst of the central nervous system, operated on between +1991 and 2007 by various surgeons, were examined. Cyst diameter was directly +measured on the specimen or calculated on radiological scans. Histological +preparations were made identically by cutting 5-microm-thick longitudinal +sections from paraffin blocks of formalin-fixed tissue and stained with HE. Wall +thickness was measured using a micrometer by the same pathologist blinded to the +measurements of cyst diameter. Cyst diameter and wall thickness correlated +negatively (the larger the cyst the thinner the cyst wall); however this was not +statistically significant. Neither the cyst size nor the wall thickness proved to +be statistically significant as a factor having an effect on intact removal of +the cyst. In conclusion, the cyst size and wall thickness do not have any effect +on the intact removal of hydatid cyst. It seems that the use of appropriate +surgical techniques play the most effective role in outcome of hydatid cyst +surgery. + + +PMID: 19537139 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +998. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jul;62(4):353-60. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.05.001. Epub +2009 Jun 13. + +Inhibition of renin-angiotensin system in experimental acute pancreatitis in +rats: a new therapeutic target? + +Oruc N(1), Ozutemiz O, Nart D, Yuce G, Celik HA, Ilter T. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Gastroenterology Department, Bornova, +Izmir, Turkey. nevintr@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: Pancreatic renin-angiotensin system has been implied to play a role in +the regulation of pancreatic functions and could be a new therapeutic target in +acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic +potential of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition by captopril and +angiotensin II type 1 receptor inhibition by L-158809 and losartan experimentally +in acute pancreatitis. +DESIGN: Rats were randomly divided into 15 groups. Acute edematous pancreatitis +was induced by injection of cerulein 20microg/kg SC four times at hourly +intervals. Severe necrotizing pancreatitis was induced by retrograde injection of +3% taurocholate into the biliary-pancreatic duct. +INTERVENTIONS: Captopril, L-158809 and losartan were given intraperitoneally. +Main outcome features: pancreatic pathology, pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity +and serum amylase activity were assessed. +RESULTS: Captopril decreased serum amylase (10,809+/-1867 vs. 4085+/-1028U/L, +p<0.01), myeloperoxidase activity (3.5+/-0.5 vs. 1.5+/-0.1, p<0.05) and +histopathological score (5.0+/-0.4 vs. 1.1+/-0.5, p<0.01) in acute edematous +pancreatitis. In taurocholate induced severe necrotizing pancreatitis captopril +ameliorated histopathological score (10.1+/-1.2 vs. 3.4+/-0.5, p<0.01), +pancreatic parenchymal necrosis (4.5+/-0.6 vs. 0.0+/-0.0, p<0.001), fatty +necrosis (2.8+/-0.9 vs. 0.1+/-0.1, p<0.01) and edema (2.1+/-0.3 vs. 1.4+/-0.3, +p<0.05). However, L-158809 did not have similar beneficial effects on acute +pancreatitis in rats while losartan decreased pancreatic parenchymal necrosis and +neutrophil infiltration. +CONCLUSIONS: This study not only demonstrated the differential effects of +captopril, losartan and L-158809 in acute pancreatitis but also showed that there +is still much to investigate about pancreatic renin-angiotensin system. +Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme should be evaluated carefully as a +potential new therapeutic target in acute pancreatitis. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.05.001 +PMID: 19525099 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +999. J Cutan Pathol. 2009 Jul;36(7):812-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01152.x. + +Persistent subcutaneous nodules after immunotherapy injections for allergic +asthma. + +Ozden MG(1), Kefeli M, Aydin F, Senturk N, Canturk T, Turanli AY. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, +Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey. mozden@omu.edu.tr + +Adverse effects of desensitization injections mostly consist of local transient +reactions. Rarely, persistent subcutaneous nodular lesions may also develop at +the site of injection. These reactions have been attributed to the vaccines +containing aluminium hydroxide. Aluminium hydroxide is used as an adjuvant in +vaccines and hyposensitization solutions. We describe a patient who presented +persistent, itchy subcutaneous nodules as a local reaction to allergen +immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic asthma. + +(c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01152.x +PMID: 19519616 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1000. Neuropathology. 2010 Feb 1;30(1):71-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2009.01031.x. +Epub 2009 Jun 7. + +Pigmented ependymoma with signet-ring cells and Rosenthal fibers: a rare variant +of ependymoma. + +Ertan Y(1), Sarsik B, Ozgiray E, Kitis O, Dalbasti T, Akalin T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +yesim.ertan@ege.edu.tr + +We report a rare case of ependymoma with vacuolar features, signet cells, +pigmentation and numerous Rosenthal fibers arising in the fourth ventricle of a +35-year-old woman. The tumor was composed of cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles, +signet cells and clear cells. The clear cells were compactly arranged resembling +oligodendroglioma. Pseudovascular and ependymal rosettes were observed only in +focal areas. Additionally, some tumor cells contained brown cytoplasmic pigment, +which was histochemically compatible with lipofuscin and neuromelanin. On +immunohistochemical examination, the tumor cells were positive for S100, glial +fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin, and negative for synaptophysin, +cytokeratin, neurofilament and HMB45. Epithelial membrane antigen staining showed +dot-like and small vesicular reactivity. The case is presented to increase +familiarity with these extraordinary variants of ependymoma. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2009.01031.x +PMID: 19508348 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1001. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009 Jul;28(4):328-33. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e318195da9f. + +Fascin expression in uterine smooth muscle tumors. + +Kefeli M(1), Yildiz L, Kaya FC, Aydin O, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Medical School, Samsun, +Turkey. mehmetkefeli@gmail.com + +SUMMARY: The diagnosis of malignant, uncertain malignant potential, and benign +uterine smooth muscle tumors is derived from histologic criteria such as tumor +cell necrosis, mitotic activity, and cytologic atypia. Morphologically, some +variants of leiomyoma can be confused with leiomyosarcoma (LMS). In this study, +we compared fascin expression in cases of leiomyoma, leiomyoma variants (LVs), +uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), and LMS, +and sought to determine the potential role of fascin in differential diagnosis. +Fascin expression was investigated through the immunohistochemistry of +paraffin-embedded tissue in 79 cases of uterine smooth muscle tumor including 22 +usual leiomyoma, 31 LV, 4 STUMP, and 22 LMS cases. The cases were scored on the +basis of staining extent (from 0 to 4) and intensity (from 1 to 3), and were +assigned a combined score. Fascin expression was present in 20 of 22 (90.9%) LMS, +2 of 4 (50%) STUMP, 1 of 31 (3.2%) LV, and 1 of 22 (4.5%) usual leiomyoma cases. +There was a statistically significant difference in fascin extent and intensity +between the LMS and benign groups, but no difference between the LMS and STUMP +groups. The results of this study indicate that more distinct fascin expression +exists in LMS than in the benign groups. Fascin can serve as a reliable +immunohistochemical marker in distinguishing uterine LMS from LVs and usual +leiomyoma, and it may usefully be used with histologic criteria in diagnosing +problematic cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e318195da9f +PMID: 19483633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1002. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009 Jul;28(4):343-6. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e318192927d. + +Metastasis of adenocarcinoma of the gall bladder to an endometrial polyp detected +by endometrial curettage: case report and review of the literature. + +Kefeli M(1), Gonullu G, Can B, Malatyalioglu E, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, +Turkey. mehmetkefeli@gmail.com + +SUMMARY: Polyps are the most common benign lesions in the endometrium. Metastasis +to the endometrial polyp from a distant primary tumor is rare. Breast carcinoma +is the most frequent extragenital cancer that metastasizes to the endometrial +polyp. We report the case of a 63-year-old with metastatic gall bladder +adenocarcinoma involving endometrial polyps detected by endometrial curetting. It +was the first sign of her metastatic disease. After this diagnosis, bone +metastases were detected during radiologic screening. Gastrointestinal tumor +metastasis to an endometrial polyp is a very rare event, but if a patient with a +known primary extragenital tumor has abnormal vaginal bleeding, the possibility +of metastasis should be included in the differential diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e318192927d +PMID: 19483630 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1003. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009 Jul;28(4):372-5. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181929269. + +Rhabdomyosarcoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma with contralateral serous +carcinoma: case report and review of the literature. + +Kefeli M(1), Kandemir B, Akpolat I, Yildirim A, Kokcu A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, +Turkey. mehmetkefeli@gmail.com + +SUMMARY: Malignant transformation of a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is +rare, and occurs in approximately 2% of all cases. The most common malignancy +arising in mature cystic teratoma is squamous cell carcinoma. Sarcomas very +rarely develop in mature cystic teratoma. We describe the case of a 65-year-old +patient with mature cystic teratoma, and with rhabdomyosarcomatous transformation +and contralateral serous carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a +pure rhabdomyosarcoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma. The clinicopathologic +and immunohistochemical findings of this exceptional case are reported and the +literature is reviewed. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181929269 +PMID: 19483625 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1004. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011 Aug;19(4):527-33. doi: 10.1177/1066896909337383. Epub +2009 May 25. + +Skin-type adnexal tumor with trichoblastic germinative differentiation in the +breast: a case report. + +Gököz O(1), Presenti L, Gambacorta G, Zolfanelli F, Tricarico R, Nistri R, Baroni +G, Bianchi S, Massi D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Adnexal tumors with follicular differentiation in the breast parenchyma are +rarely encountered. The authors present a unique case arising in a 64-year-old +woman, in whom they observed composite differentiation toward follicular +germinative cells of the hair follicle with focal areas of outer root sheath +differentiation and pilar-type keratinization. The histogenesis of this tumor is +analyzed in light of the peculiar pathological, immunohistochemical, and +molecular genetic findings. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896909337383 +PMID: 19468034 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1005. Pathol Oncol Res. 2010 Mar;16(1):1-6. doi: 10.1007/s12253-009-9178-5. Epub 2009 +May 23. + +Expression and methylation pattern of p16 in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. + +Aktas S(1), Celebiler AC, Zadeoğlulari Z, Diniz G, Kargi A, Olgun N. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey. +safiyeaktas@yahoo.com + +Understanding migration, population and differentiation of primordial neural +crest cells will help in evolving biology of neuroblastoma. P16 is a tumour +suppressor gene contributing in cell cycle arrest as cyclin dependent kinase +inhibitor. Methylation is an important mechanism for silencing tumor suppressor +genes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of p16 and its methylation +pattern in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. This study included 23 cases (11 male; 12 +female) and 31 samples from archival paraffin embedded tissues. P16 was studied +in 5 samples of normal adrenal medullar tissue, 5 samples of adrenal tissue +including blastic rests, 5 samples of neuroblastoma in situ tissue and in 8 +samples of neuroblastoma tissues primary and after chemotherapy in each group. +The adrenal gland tissues were obtained from paediatric autopsy cases. Expression +of p16 was searched by immunohistochemistry. Methylation specific PCR was used to +detect the methylation rate of p16. The age range of autopsy cases was between 20 +weeks of foetal age and 36 months of infant age. The mean age of neuroblastoma +cases was 45 months. P16 expression was positive in normal adrenal tissues, in +one of 5 samples of adrenal blastic rest tissue and in all of samples of after +chemotherapy; while no expression was observed in neuroblastoma and neuroblastoma +in situ tissues. P16 methylation was observed in samples of neuroblastoma in situ +and primary neuroblastoma tissues. Our results suggest that p16 and its +methylation seems to play role in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis and in the +migration, population and differentiation of primordial neural crest cells. +Inhibitors of DNA methylation may provide a useful tool for restoring p16 +activity in neuroblastoma treatment. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-009-9178-5 +PMID: 19466588 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1006. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Jun;30(2):198-200. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187df75. + +Intracranial retained stone after depressed skull fracture: problems in the +initial diagnosis. + +Balak N(1), Aslan B, Serefhan A, Elmaci I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Göztepe Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +Turkey. naci.balak@attglobal.net + +In this article, a 9-year-old male patient with a compound depressed skull +fracture overlying the superior sagittal sinus and an intracranial stone foreign +body is presented. A cerebral penetrating injury caused by a stone is rare. The +computed tomography images obtained at standard window widths and window density +levels may not reveal a retained stone, which has a chemical structure similar to +bone and may not show any artifacts in the computed tomography scans. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187df75 +PMID: 19465819 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1007. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Jun;30(2):167-70. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e31818754d0. + +Infection control implementations at forensic medicine practice: a national +survey in Turkey. + +Aydin B(1), Tanyel E, Colak B, Fisgin N, Tulek N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. +baydin@omu.edu.tr + +Because forensic medicine workers have a greater occupational risk for infectious +diseases, strict rules and measures against infections must be implemented at +every stage of forensic medicine practices. In this study, we aim to evaluate the +infection control implementations in forensic medicine practices in Turkey.A +questionnaire survey was mailed to forensic medicine specialists and residents +between April and June 2005. The questionnaire consisted of 36 questions whose +designed was based on standard precautions and protective barriers against +infectious risks.In all, 111 doctors from 27 different cities responded to the +questionnaire. Of those doctors who responded, 43.2% reported performing external +examination anywhere. The percentage of doctors performing external examinations +who regularly wore gloves, masks, and gowns, and washed hands with a disinfectant +were 81.5%, 24.7%, 30.9%, and 81.5%, respectively. The percentage of doctors +performing autopsies who regularly wore masks, protective eye-wear, gloves, +special gloves, and special boots were 59.6%, 10.6%, 98.9%, 71.3%, and 36.2%, +respectively. Only 2 negative pressure rooms were reported.According to these +results, precautionary measures against infectious risks in forensic medicine +practice in our country are insufficient. Conditions to facilitate and to improve +the compliance with infection control procedures must be prepared. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e31818754d0 +PMID: 19465809 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1008. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Jun;30(2):152-4. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187deb7. + +A series of complex suicide. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Erkol Z, Deniz I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +This article presents 16 complex suicide cases. Complex suicide is defined as the +use of more than one method to induce death. Of the victims, 10 were men and the +ages ranged from 19 to 70 years. Eight victims left a suicide note. It was +observed that 13 victims realized the suicidal act in the house and 5 victims had +previous suicidal attempts. It was determined that 10 victims had psychiatric +disorders, one of them had alcohol dependence. Six victims were housewives, 4 +victims were unemployed, followed by one each victim of student, worker, farmer, +tradesman, prayer leader, and animal husbandry lines of business. Ten victims +were married; 3 victims were single; and 3 victims were divorced. On +investigating the methods of suicide, it was seen that 9 victims preferred sharp +instrument usage; 5 victims insecticide ingestion; 4 victims each firearms, +medicine overdose; 3 victims each hanging, falling from a height; 2 victims +self-strangulation; and 1 victim each drowning, liquefied petroleum gas and +natural gas inhalation together, fungicide ingestion, rodenticide ingestion. It +was determined that 2 victims used 3 methods and the other 14 victims 2 methods +in company, to realize the suicide. In this article, the data obtained from our +study was discussed by comparing similar data. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187deb7 +PMID: 19465805 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1009. Endocr Pathol. 2009 Fall;20(3):170-6. doi: 10.1007/s12022-009-9081-3. + +Initial report of the results of percutaneous laser ablation of benign cold +thyroid nodules: evaluation of histopathological changes after 2 years. + +Cakir B(1), Ugras NS, Gul K, Ersoy R, Korukluoglu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara Ataturk Education and +Research Hospital, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey. drcakir@yahoo.com + +Percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) is a new method to be used for reducing the +volume of symptomatic cold benign thyroid nodules. We aimed to introduce the +long-term histopathological effects of PLA procedure in thyroid nodules. A +42-year-old male patient with 18.7-mL nodule volume was transferred a total of +720 J of energy with 3-W power. A 50-year-old female patient with 14.1-mL volume +nodule was transferred a total of 3,300 J with 5-W power. A 61-year-old female +patient with 49.7-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 4,200 J with 5-W +power. The thyroidectomy materials were examined histopathologically 2 years +later. In histopathologic examination, it was observed that the periphery of +ablated area was organized with hyalinized connective tissue and the center was +organized with necrosis and carbon particles. Concurrently, in the center, we +detected calcifications and colloid and foreign-body giant cells against colloid +in one patient. We did not encounter any pathologic findings in the tissue +adjacent to ablated area. In the cold benign thyroid nodules taken out by +thyroidectomy 2 years after PLA procedure, necrosis and hyalinization were +detected histopathologically. PLA procedure in cold benign thyroid nodules seems +to be safe according to long-term histopathological findings. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-009-9081-3 +PMID: 19437142 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1010. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 May;62(3):235-41. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.03.012. Epub +2009 May 7. + +Protective effect of octreotide on intra-tracheal bleomycin-induced oxidative +damage in rats. + +Kara H(1), Karatas F, Tug T, Canatan H, Karaoglu A. + +Author information: +(1)Elazig School of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey. +hakikara@yahoo.com + +The present study is aimed at determining the effect of parenteral octreotide +against oxidative damage caused by intra-tracheal bleomycin (BLM) administration. +A total of 30 male Wistar rats randomly divided into three groups (control, +bleomycin alone, and bleomycin and octreotide) were used in the study. A group of +animals received a single dose of intra-tracheal bleomycin (7.5mg/kg). Animals in +another group, which also received intra-tracheal bleomycin, were given 82.5 +microg/kg octreotide via i.m. injection for a week. Animals in the control group +received neither bleomycin nor octreotide. All animals were sacrificed at the end +of the experiment. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, vitamins A, E, and C, +selenium levels were determined. In addition, glutathion peroxidase activity +levels in erythrocytes were also determined. Malondialdehyde levels and +glutathion peroxidase activity were increased whereas antioxidant vitamin levels +were decreased significantly in animals that received only bleomycin compared to +control animals (p<0.05). The values in rats that received bleomycin and +octreotide were found to be closer to the control group (p<0.05). Selenium levels +in animals that received only bleomycin were determined to be reduced compared to +controls (p<0.05). On the other hand, selenium levels in bleomycin and octreotide +groups were similar to control values in (p<0.05). In conclusion, bleomycin +induces a severe stress and more importantly increases the amount of free +radicals whereas octreotide administration reduces this oxidative damage +significantly. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.03.012 +PMID: 19427178 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1011. Int J Surg Pathol. 2011 Feb;19(1):65-70. doi: 10.1177/1066896909333416. Epub 2009 +Apr 29. + +A case of juxtaglomerular cell tumor with novel histologic features. + +Onder S(1), Baydar DE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +Juxtaglomerular cell tumors constitute a very small group among the renal +neoplasms. Most secrete renin, causing hypertension and hypokalemia due to +secondary hyperaldosteronism. They have characteristic pathological features. For +the accurate evaluation, diagnosis has to be confirmed by immunohistochemical +staining for renin or electron microscopic demonstration of renin protogranules. +This report presents a case of renal juxtaglomerular cell tumor in a 63-year-old +man with previously unreported histological findings in addition to classic +morphology. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896909333416 +PMID: 19403544 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1012. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Mar;62(2):183-90. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.03.006. Epub +2009 Apr 23. + +Protective effects of nigella sativa against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in +rats. + +Yaman I(1), Balikci E. + +Author information: +(1)Sivrice Vocational College, Department of Animal Breeding, Firat University, +23119 Elazig, Turkey. iyaman23@gmail.com + +The aim of this study was focused on investigating the possible protective effect +of NS against GS-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty four Wistar-albino rats were +divided into four equal groups as follows: control group, GS group (100mg/kg +intraperitoneal - i.p.), NSL+GS group (0.2 ml/kg+100mg/kg i.p.) and NSH+GS group +(0.4 ml/kg+100mg/kg i.p.). Plasma creatinine and urea levels significantly +increased as a result of nephrotoxicity in the GS group. Also, creatinine and +urea levels significantly decreased in NSL+GS and NSH+GS groups. In the GS group, +plasma MDA and NO levels increased significantly (p<0.05) and erythrocyte SOD and +GSH-Px activities decreased significantly (p<0.05) when compared with control +group. NS administration with GS injection resulted in significantly decreased +MDA and NO generation and increased SOD and GSH-Px activities when compared with +GS group. Proximal tubular necrosis, vacuolation, desquamation and degeneration +in epithelial cells of the proximal tubules, hyaline casts in tubular lumen, +mononuclear cell infiltration, glomerular and basement membrane alterations were +histopathologically detected in the kidneys of the GS group. Co-treatments with +NS (low and high dose) considerably decreased the renal damage when compared with +the GS group. In conclusion, NS acts in the kidney as a potent scavenger of free +radicals to prevent the toxic effects of GS both in the biochemical and +histopathological parameters. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.03.006 +PMID: 19398313 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1013. Acta Cytol. 2009 Mar-Apr;53(2):165-73. + +Fine needle aspiration cytologic features of medullary carcinoma of the breast: a +study of 20 cases with histologic correlation. + +Akbulut M(1), Zekioglu O, Kapkac M, Ozdemir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To analyze fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) material from 20 +cases of histologically verified medullary carcinoma (MC) of the breast and +correlate the cytomorphologic features with histologic appearance to improve the +diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of FNAC. +STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed the cytologic features of 20 cases of MC of the breast +in the archives of Ege University Hospital between 1994 and 2006. +RESULTS: Twenty patients with an aspirate and confirmed diagnosis of MC were +identified. Patient age was 30-74 years (mean, 48). The initial cytologic +diagnoses were positive for cancer in 17 cases, atypical/suspicious for cancer in +2 cases and negative for cancer in 1 case. The cytologic picture was +characterized by cellular smears composed of highly atypical epithelial tumor +cells in loosely cohesive sheets and lying singly, admixed with polymorphous +lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils. Tumor cells had predominantly abundant +finely granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm and moderate to marked nuclear +pleomorphism with prominent nudcleoli. Histologic examination confirmed that 11 +cases were atypical MC and 9 were pure MC. +CONCLUSION: Breast MC is a rare, distinct category that appears to have rather +characteristic cellular features. Familiarity with the cell components is a +prerequisite in cytologic accuracy. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325119 +PMID: 19365969 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1014. Mod Pathol. 2009 Jul;22(7):872-8. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2009.47. Epub 2009 Apr +10. + +TLE1 expression is not specific for synovial sarcoma: a whole section study of +163 soft tissue and bone neoplasms. + +Kosemehmetoglu K(1), Vrana JA, Folpe AL. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +TLE1, a transcriptional repressor essential in hematopoiesis, neuronal +differentiation and terminal epithelial differentiation, has recently been shown +in a single tissue microarray study to be a highly sensitive and relatively +specific marker of synovial sarcomas. Expression of TLE1 has not, however, been +studied in standard sections of soft tissue and bone tumors. We investigated TLE1 +expression in a large series of well-characterized mesenchymal tumors, to more +fully characterize the range of TLE1 expression. Standard sections of 163 bone +and soft tissue tumors were immunostained for TLE1 (sc-9121, 1:100; Santa Cruz +Biochemicals) using the Dako Dual Envision+ detection system. Nuclear positivity +was scored as negative (<5% of cell positive), 1+ (5-25% of cells positive), 2+ +(25-50% of cells positive), and 3+ (>50% of cells positive). Overall, TLE1 was +expressed by 18 of 20 (90%) of synovial sarcoma, with 16 cases (89%) showing 2-3+ +positivity. However, TLE1 expression was also seen in 53 of 143 (37%) +non-synovial sarcoma, with 36 such cases (25%) showing 2-3+ positivity. TLE1 +expression was commonly seen in peripheral nerve sheath tumors, including 33% of +neurofibromas, 100% of schwannomas, and 30% of malignant peripheral nerve sheath +tumors. Among non-neoplastic tissues, nuclear TLE1 expression was variably +present in basal keratinocytes, adipocytes, perineurial cells, endothelial cells +and mesothelial cells. Our study confirms the excellent sensitivity of TLE1 for +synovial sarcoma. However, TLE1 expression is by no means specific for synovial +sarcoma, being present in a number of tumors, which enter its differential +diagnosis, in particular tumors of peripheral nerve sheath origin. Heterogeneity +of TLE1 expression likely explains the differences between the present standard +section study and the earlier TMA study. TLE1 may be of value in the differential +diagnosis of synovial sarcoma, but should be used only in the context of a panel +of antibodies. Morphology, ancillary immunohistochemistry for traditional markers +such as cytokeratins and CD34, and molecular confirmation of synovial +sarcoma-associated fusion genes should remain the 'gold standards' for this +diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2009.47 +PMID: 19363472 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1015. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(10):677-81. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.03.004. Epub 2009 +Apr 10. + +Fractal dimension of microvasculature in renal oncocytomas and chromophobe renal +cell carcinomas. + +Karslioğlu Y(1), Günal A, Kurt B, Ongürü O, Ozcan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. ykarslioglu@gmail.com + +The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the microvascular architectural +complexity in oncocytomas and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (ChRCCs) by +fractal box-counting on CD34-labeled slides. The study group consisted of 23 +cases (12 oncocytomas and 11 ChRCCs) diagnosed from resections. Capillaries were +highlighted by CD34, and digital images from randomly selected, non-overlapping +areas were taken. Fractal dimensions of microvasculature were measured according +to the "box-counting" method with the aid of image analysis software. Mean +fractal dimensions (MFDs) were calculated and compared. Hierarchical cluster +analysis was also performed to determine whether natural grouping occurs among +the cases. Cluster analysis revealed that the cases tended to aggregate in two +partially overlapping groups in which oncocytomas (8/12) and ChRCCs (7/11) +predominate, respectively. A slight but statistically important difference was +also revealed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Fractal dimension, a variable for +measuring the geometrical complexity of highly irregular objects, is used for +research in pathology. Although the number of cases is limited in our series, the +results indicate an obscure but quantitatively measurable difference, which +cannot be assessed by the naked eye. Similar studies investigating larger series +are needed before a final conclusion can be made. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.03.004 +PMID: 19362432 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1016. Virchows Arch. 2009 May;454(5):589-94. doi: 10.1007/s00428-009-0767-1. Epub 2009 +Apr 4. + +Biliary intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia: three case reports. + +Yaman B(1), Nart D, Yilmaz F, Coker A, Zeytunlu M, Kilic M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ege, Izmir, +Turkey. drbanuyaman@yahoo.com + +Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is subdivided as mass-forming, +periductal-infiltrating, and intraductal-growing types. Intraductal-growing type +is an entity described in recent years as mucin-producing intrahepatic +cholangiocarcinoma or intrahepatic (biliary) intraductal papillary mucinous +neoplasia (b-IPMN). b-IPMN is classified as adenoma, borderline tumor, carcinoma +in situ, and carcinoma, from benign to malignant. Using a different +classification, b-IPMNs are subdivided into intestinal, pancreatobiliary, +gastric, or oncocytic based on morphology of the cells forming the lesion and +expression of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5 gene proteins in the mucin family. The +clinical and histopathological features of b-IPMN diagnosed in three cases are +presented herein. Case 1 was classified as borderline. Case 2 was diagnosed as +carcinoma in situ. Case 3 had large invasive areas, and was diagnosed as +carcinoma. In all three cases, immunohistochemical investigation revealed MUC1 +and MUC5AC to be positive, and MUC2 to be negative. We present herein three cases +diagnosed with the clinical and pathological findings of a new entity in the +literature, b-IPMN, and we discuss the macroscopic, histological, and +immunohistochemical features. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-009-0767-1 +PMID: 19347361 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1017. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 May;61(3):243-55. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.05.011. Epub +2009 Apr 1. + +Pyridine induction of cytochrome P450 1A1, iNOS and metallothionein in Syrian +hamsters and protective effects of silymarin. + +Tunca R(1), Sozmen M, Citil M, Karapehlivan M, Erginsoy S, Yapar K. + +Author information: +(1)Adnan Menderes University, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary +Medicine, TR-09016, Isikli, Aydin, Turkey. rtunca26@hotmail.com + +An in vivo assessment for the protective effects of silymarin for pyridine +toxicity was investigated through cytochrome P450 isoform CYP1A1 and inducible +nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity prevention. Moreover, the effect of +pyridine-induced oxidative stress on metallothionein I-II (MT), a scavenger of +oxygen-derived free radicals, was investigated. Forty Syrian hamsters were +allocated into 4 groups. Syrian hamsters were dosed with pyridine (400mg/kg) +intraperitoneally with and without silymarin (200mg/kg daily by gavage) for 4 +days. Pyridine induced diffuse degeneration and necrosis of the proximal and +distal renal tubular cells; cloudy swelling, necrosis and hepatocellular atypia +of the liver; and degenerative changes in the myocardium. The degree of +pathological alterations was less severe with simultaneous silymarin application. +CYP1A1, iNOS and MT expression levels were elevated in liver, kidney and heart in +response to acute pyridine toxicity. Silymarin application abolished or +significantly suppressed the induction of CYP1A1, iNOS and MT expressions in +liver, kidney and heart of the pyridine-treated Syrian hamsters. Enhanced +synthesis of MT by pyridine possibly implies a purposive cellular response to +prevent damage caused by oxygen radicals. However, silymarin significantly +reduced the oxidative-stress-inducing effect of pyridine as reflected by +decreased synthesis of MT. These results suggest that through oxidant generation, +pyridine may cause alteration of the metabolic ways, including nitric +oxide-mediated CYP1A1 activity. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.05.011 +PMID: 19342207 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1018. Histol Histopathol. 2009 Jun;24(6):683-92. doi: 10.14670/HH-24.683. + +Changes in the brain cortex of rabbits on a cholesterol-rich diet following +supplementation with a herbal extract of Tribulus terrestris. + +Berkman Z(1), Tanriover G, Acar G, Sati L, Altug T, Demir R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, +Tekirdag, Turkey. + +Extracts of the medicinal herb Tribulus terrestris (TT) are used for treating +various diseases. The saponins, a component of TT, play a role in regulating +blood pressure and in treatment of hyperlipidemia. The aim of the study was to +investigate the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural alterations in the +cerebral cortex of experimental rabbits on a cholesterol rich diet treated with +TT. The rabbits were divided into three groups and followed for 12 weeks as +control group (CG); experimental group I (EG-I), fed with a cholesterol-rich +diet; experimental group II (EG-II), treated with an extract of TT (5 mg/kg/day) +after a cholesterol-rich diet of 4 weeks. In EG-I there were ultrastructural +changes, including mitochondrial degeneration, increased lipofuscin pigments, +myelin sheath damage with axoplasmic shrinkage and electron dense granules in the +neurovascular unit. The number of synapses apparently decreased in both +experimental groups. Administration of TT extract in EG-II led to marked +ultrastructural alterations in neurons, including decreased mitochondrial +degeneration (P<0.001) and extensive oedematous areas in the neurovascular unit. +However, in EG-II, lamellar myelin, axonal structures and mitochondria were well +protected. These alterations possibly indicate that saponins have an effect on +the neurons either directly or by its conversion to steroidal saponins. +Therefore, these findings add further evidence supporting the protective claims +of TT in cerebral architecture in dietary induced hyperlipidemia. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-24.683 +PMID: 19337967 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1019. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Mar;62(2):109-15. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.120. Epub +2009 Mar 26. + +Proanthocyanidin prevents methotrexate-induced intestinal damage and oxidative +stress. + +Gulgun M(1), Erdem O, Oztas E, Kesik V, Balamtekin N, Vurucu S, Kul M, Kismet E, +Koseoglu V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik 06018, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Mucositis is an important dose-limiting side effect of methotrexate for which +there is no definitive prophylaxis or treatment. This study was designed to +investigate whether proanthocyanidin had a protective effect on +methotrexate-induced small intestine damage. Twenty-eight albino rats were +randomized into four groups. To the first group, methotrexate was applied as a +single dose (20mg/kg) intraperitoneally. To the second group, proanthocyanidin +(100mg/kg) was given orally every day by gavage in addition to methotrexate +application until the rats were killed. To the third group, only proanthocyanidin +was administered. The fourth group was the control. All animals were sacrificed 4 +days after the intraperitoneal injection of methotrexate for histopathological +examination and the assay for tissue malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and +glutathione peroxidase levels. Methotrexate caused jejunal injury and increased +malondialdehyde levels. Administration of proanthocyanidin decreased the jejunal +damage and malondialdehyde level, which were caused by methotrexate treatment and +increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels. These results +suggest that proanthocyanidin may protect the small intestine of rats from +methotrexate-induced damage. The effects of proanthocyanidin could result from +its antioxidant properties. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.120 +PMID: 19327973 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1020. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jan;62(1):81-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.119. Epub +2009 Mar 26. + +Novel approach for the prevention of contrast nephropathy. + +Colbay M(1), Yuksel S, Uslan I, Acarturk G, Karaman O, Bas O, Mollaoglu H, +Yagmurca M, Ozen OA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey. +drmehmet@live.com + +OBJECTIVE: To date, there is no effective treatment of contrast medium +(CM)-induced nephropathy. Multiple studies documented a protective role of +hydration and N-acetylcystein (NAC) as prophylactic agents against CM-induced +nephropathy in a high-risk population. In the present study, we investigated a +new antioxidant agent, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and compare with NAC +against contrast nephropathy. +METHODS: Forty-two adult male rats were divided into six experimental groups, +which were control, injected with intravenous (i.v.) CM, injected with i.p. CAPE, +injected with i.p. NAC, injected with i.v. CM pretreated with i.p. CAPE, injected +with i.v. CM pretreated with i.p. NAC. CAPE and NAC were given daily throughout +the study. All rats were deprived of water for 24h at the third day of the study +and then contrast medium was administered to CM, CAPECM and NACCM groups. The +rats were sacrificed at the fifth day. Oxidant-antioxidant status was determined +in renal tissues. The severity of injury was scored with a light microscope in +renal tissue. Plasma creatinine levels were measured. +RESULTS: Renal injury scores were higher in CAPECM and NACCM groups than in +control, CAPE and NAC groups, but lower than the CM group. Likewise, creatinine +levels of CAPECM and NACCM groups were higher than the control groups but they +were significantly lower than the level of the CM group. Creatinine levels of the +NACCM group were significantly higher than the CAPECM group. Malondialdehyde +levels were significantly lower in CAPECM and NACCM groups than the CM group. +CONCLUSION: CAPE might protect renal structure and functions as well as NAC +against CM injury. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.119 +PMID: 19327972 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1021. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 May;38(5):410-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00765.x. +Epub 2009 Mar 5. + +The close association between dental and periodontal treatments and oral ulcer +course in behcet's disease: a prospective clinical study. + +Karacayli U(1), Mumcu G, Simsek I, Pay S, Kose O, Erdem H, Direskeneli H, +Gunaydin Y, Dinc A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gulhane School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. ukaracayli@gmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of dental and +periodontal treatments to the course of oral ulcers in patients with Behcet's +disease (BD). +METHODS: Fifty-eight consecutive BD patients with oral ulcers were studied. +Twenty-nine patients were in the intervention group (F/M: 15/14, mean age: 39.6 ++/- 6.9 years) and 29 (F/M: 15/14, 39.4 +/- 10.6 years) were followed with a +conventional treatment approach. In addition to oral hygiene education, dental +and periodontal treatments were carried out in the intervention group, whereas +the control group was only given oral hygiene education. Patients were evaluated +in the pre-treatment observation period (1 month), treatment period (1 month) and +6 months after treatment. +RESULTS: An increase in the number of new oral ulcers (4.1 +/- 3.5) was observed +within 2 days during the treatment compared with 3-30 days during treatment month +(2.3 +/- 1.2) (P = 0.002). However, 6 months after the treatment, the number of +oral ulcers (1.9 +/- 1.5) was significantly lower compared with the pre-treatment +observation (4.8 +/- 3.2) (P = 0.000) and treatment periods (6.4 +/- 2.3) in the +intervention group (P = 0.05), whereas a similar oral ulcer presence was observed +in the control group (2.8 +/- 2.4, 3.7 +/- 2.3 and 4.8 +/- 4.3, respectively) (P +> 0.05). Dental and periodontal indices were also better in the intervention +group during the 6-month follow-up. +CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that, in BD patients, dental and periodontal +therapies could be associated with a flare-up of oral ulcers in the short term, +but may decrease their number in longer follow-up. They also lead to a better +oral health. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00765.x +PMID: 19320802 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1022. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2009 Apr;13(2):73-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2008.12.001. +Epub 2009 Feb 5. + +Screening properties of human papillomavirus testing for predicting cervical +intraepithelial neoplasia in atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance +and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion smears: a prospective study. + +Dane C(1), Batmaz G, Dane B, Cetin A. + +Author information: +(1)Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and +Obstetrics, Istanbul, Turkey. cemdane@yahoo.com + +The aim of the present study was to determine the usefulness of human +papillomavirus (HPV) testing for predicting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia +(CIN) 1 and 2 to 3 on cervical biopsies in women who had atypical squamous cells +of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial +lesion (LSIL) on Papanicolaou tests. In this prospective cohort, 167 women with +abnormal cytologic examination (ASCUS and LSIL) were evaluated by +colposcopy-directed biopsy and endocervical curettage. Colposcopy was performed +on all study participants to obtain cervical tissue for histologic examination +for detection of underlying CIN in patients with an initial cytologic test result +of ASCUS and LSIL. A sample for HPV DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction +was obtained. The HPV type 16 was positive in 35.4% of the 167 women with +abnormal cytologic examination result in our gynecologic outpatient's clinic. +Histologic diagnosis of CIN 1 was found in 45 of 135 women with ASCUS and in 17 +of 32 women with LSIL. According to the cytologic findings, the frequency of CIN +grade 2 or 3 in patients classified as ASCUS and LSIL was 12.5% (17/135) and +18.7% (6/32), respectively. Of the ASCUS smears, 9.6% were positive for HPV type +16. The sensitivity of the HPV type 16 using polymerase chain reaction technique +threshold in detecting CIN 1 and CIN 2 to 3 was 57% and 46% in ASCUS-LSIL +cytologic examination, respectively. The positive predictive value of HPV type 16 +ranged from 60% in patients with CIN 1 and 42% in CIN 2 to 3 in ASCUS-LSIL. By +contrast, negative predictive value was 58% in patients with CIN 1 and 80% in CIN +2 to 3. The low positive predictive value of HPV testing with ASCUS smears +suggests that HPV positivity could be not used for predicting the presence of CIN +2 to 3. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2008.12.001 +PMID: 19302953 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1023. Endocr Pathol. 2009 Summer;20(2):127-32. doi: 10.1007/s12022-009-9067-1. + +Ectopic growth hormone-releasing hormone secretion by a neuroendocrine tumor +causing acromegaly: long-term follow-up results. + +Colak Ozbey N(1), Kapran Y, Bozbora A, Erbil Y, Tascioglu C, Asa SL. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, +Istanbul University, 34390, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. nozbey@hotmail.com + +Ectopic secretion of growth hormone-releasing-hormone (GHRH) is a rare cause of +acromegaly-representing less than 1% of patients. A 25-year-old woman was +admitted to the hospital with acromegaly and a 6 x 6 cm infrahepatic mass. Sellar +magnetic resonance imaging indicated diffuse pituitary enlargement consistent +with hyperplasia. The infrahepatic mass was resected, and the histopathological +diagnosis was a well-differentiated invasive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the +duodenum with metastases to local lymph nodes. The tumor cells contained +cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for GHRH. Because increased IGF-1 concentrations +persisted after the operation, the patient was treated with octreotide +long-acting repeatable (LAR) injections of 20 mg/month. Growth hormone and IGF-1 +levels normalized. After 6 years of surveillance, a left paraaortic mass was +detected by uptake of indium 111 octreotide. Surgical exploration revealed +metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma in a 2.5-cm lymph node. Postoperatively, the +IGF-1 concentration was mildly elevated. Octreotide LAR therapy is being +continued at 10 mg/month. This case suggests that octreotide treatment may have a +beneficial effect on disease course and can be maintained for as long as 7 years +in a patient with acromegaly due to a GHRH-secreting neuroendocrine carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-009-9067-1 +PMID: 19301154 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1024. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 May;38(5):406-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00752.x. +Epub 2009 Mar 2. + +Oral health and related quality of life status in patients from UK and Turkey: a +comparative study in Behcet's disease. + +Mumcu G(1), Niazi S, Stewart J, Hagi-Pavli E, Gokani B, Seoudi N, Ergun T, Yavuz +S, Stanford M, Fortune F, Direskeneli H. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Health Science, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. +goncamumcu@marmara.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare oral health-related +quality of life (oral QoL) in patients from UK and Turkey with Behcet's disease +(BD). +METHODS: Thirty-one BD patients from UK (F/M: 18/13, mean age: 41.8 +/- 11.5 +years) and Turkey (F/M: 18/13, mean age: 41.5 +/- 10.3) who were matched +according to age and gender were included in the study. All patients had active +oral ulcers. Oral QoL was assessed by Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). +Oral health was evaluated by dental and periodontal indices. +RESULTS: No significant difference was found in OHIP-14 scores between patients +from UK (22.7 +/- 14.4) and Turkey (20.4 +/- 14.3) (P = 0.709). The OHIP-14 score +correlated with the healing time of oral ulcers in UK (r = 0.4, P = 0.04) and the +number of oral ulcers in Turkey (r = 0.4, P = 0.012). The number of oral ulcers +per month was significantly higher in UK (3.3 +/- 2.8) compared with that in +Turkey (1.5 +/- 2.5) (P = 0.014). However, the number of filled teeth and +frequency of tooth brushing were significantly lower in patients from Turkey +compared with those in UK (P = 0.000). Similarly, the duration since the last +dental visit (5.1 +/- 7.2 months) was significantly lower in UK compared with +that in Turkey (28.6 +/- 23.7 months) (P = 0.000). +CONCLUSIONS: Oral QoL was similar in patients from UK and Turkey with active oral +ulcers. However, the number of oral ulcers was observed to be higher in UK. As +expected, a lower utilization rate of dental services might have led to a poorer +oral health in patients from Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2009.00752.x +PMID: 19298505 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1025. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jan;62(1):75-80. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.116. Epub +2009 Mar 13. + +Effect of vitamin C in reducing the toxicity of endosulfan in liver in rabbits. + +Mor F(1), Ozmen O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, 15100 Burdur, Turkey. + +In this study, the effect of endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, and the +ameliorating effect of vitamin C on the livers of New Zealand white rabbits were +studied. Livers of the rabbits were examined grossly and histopathologically, and +caspase-3 activity was detected by immunohistochemical methods. A total of +twenty-four rabbits were divided into four groups (n=6). Rabbits in Group I (END) +were daily given a sublethal dose of endosulfan (1mg/kgbw) in corn oil by oral +gavage for 6 weeks. Group II (END+C) received the same dose of endosulfan and +additionally Vit C (20mg/kgbw) every other day during this period. Group III +(OIL+C) received corn oil daily by oral gavage and vitamin C every other day for +6 weeks. Group IV (OIL), the control group, received only corn oil daily, by oral +gavage throughout the experiment. The concentration of alpha-endosulfan in the +END group was higher in livers (0.102+/-0.012ppb) than the beta-endosulfan +(0.072+/-0.001ppb). Decreased accumulation of alpha and beta endosulfan was +observed in the END+C group (0.025+/-0.003 and 0.016+/-0.002ppb, respectively) +(p<0.0001). The most prominent gross findings at the necropsy were seen in the +END group, in which swollen and pale livers were commonly observed. Hemorrhages, +degenerations, necrosis, and in some rabbits bile duct hyperplasia were the +marked histopathological findings of the END group. Caspase-3 positive reaction +was more severe in this group than in the others. An ameliorating effect of Vit C +on gross, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings was observed in the +END+C group. The results revealed that endosulfan is highly toxic for rabbit +livers. However, toxicity was decreased by Vit C treatment, which reduced the +accumulation of endosulfan in livers four-fold. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.116 +PMID: 19285844 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1026. Cytopathology. 2009 Oct;20(5):321-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2008.00630.x. Epub +2009 Mar 5. + +Signet ring cells in fine needle aspiration cytology of breast carcinomas: review +of the cytological findings in ten cases identified by histology. + +Kelten C(1), Akbulut M, Zekioglu O, Kapkaç M, Erhan Y, Ozdemir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To establish whether the presence of signet ring cells (SRCs) in +histology sections of breast carcinoma cases was reflected by their presence in +fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears, correlating to the histological +type of breast carcinoma. +METHODS: We reviewed the FNAC findings of ten cases that had been diagnosed as +primary breast carcinoma with SRCs on histological sections between 1998 and +2007. Slides and histological sections were obtained from the archives of Ege +University Hospital. +RESULTS: FNA smears were reviewed for the following cytomorphological features: +background, cellularity, architecture, nuclear pleomorphism and the presence of +SRCs. The background was bloody in eight cases, necrotic in one, and clean in +one. There was no mucinous material in any of the cases. Cellularity was +prominent in five cases (hypercellular), moderate in three (cellular) and low in +two (hypocellular). Loosely cohesive groups of tumour cells of varying size were +observed in all cases. A plasmacytoid appearance to some of the tumour cells was +seen in all cases and discohesive tumour cells were present in eight. Nuclear +pleomorphism was high in six cases and moderate in four. SRCs were observed in +seven of the ten cases. Two of these seven cases also had a tubular pattern and +one had tumour giant cells. +CONCLUSIONS: FNAC should be evaluated carefully regarding the presence of SRCs +when cells with a plasmacytoid appearance are observed in either hyper- or +hypocellular smears. The presence of single SRCs in FNACs with hypercellularity, +high nuclear grade and tubular formation or tumour giant cells may be a clue in +favour of ductal carcinoma. The presence of single SRCs in FNACs with +hypocellularity and mild to moderate nuclear grade may be suggestive of lobular +carcinoma. However, larger studies would be needed to establish the predictive +value of the presence of SRCs on FNAC. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2008.00630.x +PMID: 19284410 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1027. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jan;62(1):45-52. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.066. Epub +2009 Mar 5. + +Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) ameliorates cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity +in rabbit. + +Kart A(1), Cigremis Y, Karaman M, Ozen H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, +Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey. asimkart@hotmail.com + +In this study, it was aimed to investigate the protective effect of caffeic acid +phenethyl ester (CAPE) on cisplatin hepatotoxicity. Thirty New Zealand rabbits +were divided into 5 groups as group 1 (saline-injected control, C), group 2 (1% +ethanol; vehicle for CAPE, E), group 3 (CAPE), group 4 (cisplatin, CS) and group +5 (cisplatin plus CAPE, CS+CAPE). Cisplatin caused increased immunoreactivity +against inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), but CAPE treatment reduced the +immunoreactive hepatocytes. Liver malondialdehide (MDA), nitric oxide (NO(.)) +levels and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities were higher in CS than in groups C +and E. Cisplatin treatment also significantly decreased the tissue reduced +glutathione (GSH) concentration compared to groups C and E. CAPE administration +normalized the tissue GSH level and XO activity in group CS+CAPE, whereas CAPE +treatment did not affect MDA level in group CS+CAPE. In addition, CAPE treatment +significantly depressed the cisplatin-induced NO(.) increase in group CS+CAPE. +Histopathologically, cisplatin caused hydropic degenerations, necrosis in +hepatocytes, sinusoidal congestion, Kupffer cell proliferation and mononuclear +cell infiltration. These alterations were less severe in rabbits receiving +CS+CAPE. Parallel to histopathology, cisplatin increased serum AST and ALT +levels, whereas CAPE treatment significantly reduced cisplatin-induced AST and +ALT rise in the serum. Results suggest that cisplatin causes oxidative and +nitrosative damage to hepatocytes. Cisplatin-induced increase in XO and NO(.) +could contribute oxidative stress in the hepatotoxicity. CAPE shows partial +protection against cisplatin-associated biochemical and histopathological +alterations. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.066 +PMID: 19268559 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1028. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Dec;29(4):354-7. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181859fe3. + +Sudden death due to eosinophilic endomyocardial diseases: three case reports. + +Turan AA(1), Karayel F, Akyildiz EU, Ozdes T, Yilmaz E, Pakis I. + +Author information: +(1)Ministry of Justice, Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +arzu_turantr@yahoo.com + +Eosinophils are associated with various disorders, such as allergic or +hypersensitivity reactions, parasitic diseases, connective tissue diseases, +certain neoplastic diseases (Hodgkin's disease, lymphomas, and carcinomas), and +various immune deficiency states. Eosinophils can infiltrate any tissue and can +cause tissue damage. Heart, has been demonstrated to be the most extensively +involved and toxicity of eosinophils is well-established on cardiac tissue. We +describe 3 cases with extensive eosinophilic infiltration without endomyocardial +fibrosis. All patients died after a short clinical course with rapidly +progressive heart failure. Bronchial asthma, hydatid disease and drug reaction +were considered as possible etiologies of eosinophilia in case 1 and case 2. Case +3 was considered to fall into the "idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome" in +which no underlying causes for eosinophilia could be identified. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181859fe3 +PMID: 19259026 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1029. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Dec;29(4):346-8. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181847e69. + +Sudden death due to hydatid cyst rupture located in right ventricle. + +Demirci S(1), Gunaydin G, Dogan KH, Toy H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +Hydatid cyst is a parasite disease, which is common in those countries where +animal husbandry is extensive, but preventive medicine is lacking. Endemic +regions are South Europe, South America, Africa, Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, +and India. In the study, a sudden death case due to cardiac hydatid cyst rupture +located in right ventricle has been presented with a review of the literature. +The victim was a 10-year-old girl of a family who raised sheep. External +examination of the body showed congestion in both the head and face but neither +trauma nor evidence of violence or eruptions on the skin were found. At autopsy, +through a vertical incision on the frontal surface of truncus pulmonalis, a total +of 8 daughter cysts were obtained. A 6 x 5 cm cyst was observed in the right +ventricular apex. In those countries where hydatid cyst is endemic, and when +sudden unexpected death occurs in individuals involved in animal husbandry, +cardiac hydatid cyst must be kept in mind as a cause. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181847e69 +PMID: 19259023 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1030. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Dec;29(4):330-3. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187df30. + +Is daily shaving of axillary and pubic hair a feature of suicide in the Muslim +community? + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Erkol Z, Deniz I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +In the Islamic context, "fitrah" refers to humanity's innate disposition toward +virtue and the ability to differentiate between right and wrong. A common quote +regarding fitrah, from the Prophet is "The fitrah consists of 5 things: +circumcision, trimming the moustache, cutting the nails, plucking the armpit +hairs, and shaving the pubic hairs."In this study, our aim was to determine the +status of axillary and pubic shaving in medicolegal death cases that took place +in the Konya Province of Turkey and to evaluate the relationship with the origin +of suicide. Of 2850 medicolegal death cases, 206 (7.2%) were of suicidal origin. +It was observed that the average age in the cases of suicidal origin was 36.76 ++/- 17.72 years, and 146 of 206 cases (70.9%) were men. As a method of suicide, +hanging was the chosen method in 100 cases (48.5%), whereas firearm injuries +occurred in 54 cases (26.2%), and intoxication was involved in 37 cases (18.0%). +Daily axillary and pubic shaving was observed in 26 of 2644 (1.0%) death cases +that occurred with nonsuicidal reasons, but in 65 of 206 were (31.6%) suicidal +cases. Because suicidal notes were present in 25 (12.1%) of all of the suicidal +cases, the ratio of daily axillary and pubic shaving was significantly higher +than that of the suicidal notes.In investigating the cases of suicidal origin for +medicolegal purposes, evidence showing that this action was committed by the +victim, the presence of a suicide note at the death scene and, a history of a +previous suicidal attempt, it was thought that the presence of daily axillary and +pubic shaving on external examination of the victim's body, when of Muslim faith, +could also be considered a feature of suicide. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318187df30 +PMID: 19259019 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1031. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Dec;29(4):320-2. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181847e56. + +The catechol-O-methyl transferase Val158Met polymorphism and susceptibility to +cannabis dependence. + +Baransel Isir AB(1), Oguzkan S, Nacak M, Gorucu S, Dulger HE, Arslan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, +Gaziantep, Turkey. aybaransel@yahoo.com + +Cannabis stimulates dopamine release and activates dopaminergic reward neurons in +central pathways that lead to enhanced dependence. Catechol-O-methyl transferase +(COMT) inactivates amplified extraneuronally released dopamine. A functional +polymorphism (COMT Val158Met) resulting in increased enzyme activity has been +associated with polysubstance abuse and addiction to heroin and methamphetamine. +The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the COMT Val158Met +polymorphism and use of cannabis. Fifty-five cannabis users and 75 normal +controls were enrolled in this study. Polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping +was used to evaluate the presence of COMT gene polymorphism. There was a +difference in genotype frequencies between cannabis users and controls, including +the distribution of the COMT genotypes (H/H, H/L) (P < 0.001) and alleles (H, L) +(P < 0.01), when comparing the patient groups and the control individuals. +However, LL genotype distribution was similar between the groups. These results +suggest a significant association between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and +susceptibility to cannabis dependence. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181847e56 +PMID: 19259017 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1032. APMIS. 2009 Mar;117(3):222-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00005.x. + +Human herpes virus 8-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma: report of +a rare case and review of the literature. + +Adiguzel C(1), Bozkurt SU, Kaygusuz I, Uzay A, Tecimer T, Bayik M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Mamara University, Istanbul, +Turkey. cfradiguzel@yahoo.com + +A rare case of human herpes virus 8-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma-like +lymphoma: a report and review of the literature. APMIS 2009; 117:222-29. Primary +effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a very rare type of lymphoma usually confined to the +body cavities predominantly in immunosuppressed patients infected with human +herpes virus 8 (HHV-8). The new term for HHV-8 independent PEL is HHV8-unrelated +PEL-like lymphoma. We describe an 89-year-old human immunodeficiency virus +(HIV)-negative male patient with HHV8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma in the pleura. +No hepatosplenomegaly or lymphadenopathy was detected. Chest radiography and +computed tomography revealed right pleural effusion, but no evidence of tumor +mass or lymph node enlargement. Cytological analysis of the pleural effusion +revealed a high-grade lymphoma with round nuclei, prominent nucleoli and abundant +cytoplasm with immunophenotypes positive for CD45, CD30, CD38, CD7 and CD71. +Because of the advanced age, no chemotherapy was given. Effusion resolved +spontaneously. One year after the diagnosis, a new pleural effusion developed at +the left side. Following thoracentesis and pleurodesis, the patient remained in +complete remission for 40 months. To date, 30 cases of HHV8-unrelated PEL-like +lymphoma/HIV negative have been reported in the literature. The outcome of the +HHV8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma patients who were HIV negative seems to be +better than HIV- and HHV-8-positive PEL. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00005.x +PMID: 19245595 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1033. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Mar;30(1):32-5. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181873f40. + +Precautions taken to avoid abandoning the act of hanging and reducing pain in +suicidal hanging cases. + +Demirci S(1), Dogan KH, Erkol Z, Deniz I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, +Konya, Turkey. sdemirci@selcuk.edu.tr + +This study presents 17 cases of hanging with some preventative measures, when +compared with usual hanging fatalities, between 2002 and 2006 in the province of +Konya, Turkey. We observed in 4 cases that the victim had only tied together +their hands, whereas in 1 case both the hands (with a clothesline) and mouth +(with a plastic bag) had been fastened. In a further case, the oral orifice had +been closed using a scarf and in the remaining 11 cases, soft materials such as a +scarf, hood, the collar of a coat or shirt had been used as padding against the +ligature loop. At first glance, the cases where the victim's hands and/or mouth +were found tied were thought to be homicides. However, an investigation of the +death scene, together with the autopsy findings and inquiry data, showed the +cause of death was from suicide. Thus, in suicidal hanging cases certain +precautions and preventative measures were observed. For example, tying the hands +together was regarded as a means to make self-release impossible; closure of the +oral orifice as a means to prevent the victim from calling out for help, and +placing soft material against the ligature loop was thought to be an attempt to +lessen the feeling of pain. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181873f40 +PMID: 19237850 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1034. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2009 Mar;30(1):26-31. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181873c32. + +Defining the macroscopic and microscopic findings of experimental focal brain +ischemia in rats from a forensic scientist's point of view. + +Tatlisumak E(1), Inan S, Asirdizer M, Apaydin N, Hayretdag C, Kose C, Tekdemir I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anatomy, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. + +Approximately 10% of all deaths in the world occur as a result of stroke. +Determination of the time schedule of the pathologic events in a stroke patient +is invaluable for a forensic specialist. The aim of this study was to define the +schedule of the macroscopic and microscopic changes that occurred in a rat model +of permanent focal ischemia for providing useful clues for the evaluation of +stroke patients. Male Wistar rats weighing 250 to 350 g were used in this study. +Permanent focal brain ischemia was applied by the suture occlusion method. The +animals were divided into 7 experimental groups (n = 6) with time schedules +including 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 hours, and the sham. Brains were harvested at the +end of the determined time schedule. Lesions in the frontoparietal cortex were +evaluated macroscopically first and later hematoxylin eosin stained sections from +the infarct core were investigated microscopically. Macroscopically, enlargement +of the ipsilateral hemisphere was mild at 6 hour, apparent at 12 and 24 hours, +and mild again at 72 hours. Microscopically, ischemic changes were apparent even +at 1.5 hour. Red neurons and infiltration of the parenchyma with neutrophil +leukocytes were observed at 12 hours. Pannecrosis and massive leukocyte +infiltration were observed at 72 hours. Macroscopic and microscopic findings +obtained from a rat model may provide clues for determination of the +time-dependent changes due to brain ischemia in human subjects. Finally, the +benefits of determination of time course of pathologic changes in the brain for +forensic scientists were discussed. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181873c32 +PMID: 19237849 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1035. Mod Pathol. 2009 May;22(5):633-8. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2009.6. Epub 2009 Feb +20. + +Glucose transporter-1 in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas: expression and +survival analysis. + +Ozbudak IH(1), Shilo K, Tavora F, Rassaei N, Chu WS, Fukuoka J, Jen J, Travis WD, +Franks TJ. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Akdeniz School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. + +Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) mediates the transport of glucose across the +cellular membrane. Its elevated levels and/or activation have been shown to be +associated with malignancy. The aim of this study was to investigate GLUT-1 +expression in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas. Tissue microarray-based +samples of 178 neuroendocrine carcinomas, including 48 typical carcinoids, 31 +atypical carcinoids, 27 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas and 72 small cell +carcinomas from different patients, were studied immunohistochemically for GLUT-1 +expression. Forty-seven percent (75/161) of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas +were immunoreactive with GLUT-1. GLUT-1 was observed in 7% (3/46) of typical +carcinoid, 21% (6/29) of atypical carcinoid, 74% (17/23) of large cell +neuroendocrine carcinoma and 78% (49/63) of small cell carcinoma. GLUT-1 +expression correlated with increasing patient age (P=0.01) and with +neuroendocrine differentiation/tumor type (P<0.001), but not with gender, tumor +size or stage. GLUT-1 expression was seen in a characteristic membranous pattern +of staining along the luminal borders or adjacent to necrotic areas. GLUT-1 +expression was associated with an increased risk of death for neuroendocrine +carcinomas as a group (risk ratio=2.519; 95% confidence interval=1.519-4.178; +P<0.001) and carcinoids (risk ratio=4.262; 95% confidence interval=1.472-12.343; +P=0.01). In conclusion, GLUT-1 is expressed in approximately half of the +pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas and shows a strong correlation with +neuroendocrine differentiation/grade, but not with other clinicopathologic +variables. Further studies appear plausible to elucidate the prognostic +significance of GLUT-1 expression in pulmonary carcinoids. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2009.6 +PMCID: PMC3616507 +PMID: 19234439 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1036. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(6):403-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.12.014. Epub 2009 +Feb 20. + +RET finger protein expression in invasive breast carcinoma: relationship between +RFP and ErbB2 expression. + +Tezel GG(1), Uner A, Yildiz I, Guler G, Takahashi M. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Sihhiye +06100, Ankara, Turkey. gayejp@hacettepe.edu.tr + +RET finger protein (RFP), which belongs to the large B-box RING finger protein +family, has been reported to be expressed in breast carcinoma cell lines. We +conducted this study to evaluate the expression level of RFP in breast +carcinomas. Tissue microarrays were constructed from 133 cases of invasive breast +carcinoma. Sections obtained from tissue arrays and whole sections from 10 +non-neoplastic breast tissues were stained for ER, PR, ErbB2, and RFP using +immunohistochemistry, and ErbB2 gene status was evaluated by FISH. The +correlation between various immunohistochemical markers was determined. We found +nuclear RFP expression in 41.4% of invasive carcinomas and in none of the +non-neoplastic breast tissues. We also stained whole sections of 29 cases of +invasive breast carcinoma, which included the TMA study, and 10 cases of ductal +carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by RFP. We observed that four (40%) of the DCIS cases +were positive with RFP. In statistical analysis, there was a significant, +positive association between RFP and ErbB2 status at the protein level (p=0.002) +and the gene level (p=0.049). There was no statistically significant association +between the expression of RFP and tumor size, LN status, ER, PR, and grade +(p>0.05). However, we found a significant association between age and RFP +expression. RFP expression was stronger in patients 50 years or older (p=0.048). +In our study, the expression of RFP correlated strongly with ErbB2 status. Our +study is the first in the literature to show expression of RFP in patients with +breast carcinoma. However, the possible role of RFP in breast carcinogenesis +needs to be investigated in more detailed clinical and experimental studies. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.12.014 +PMID: 19232840 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1037. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009 Mar;131(3):393-404. doi: 10.1309/AJCPM7DW0XFHDHNY. + +PAX-2 in the diagnosis of primary renal tumors: immunohistochemical comparison +with renal cell carcinoma marker antigen and kidney-specific cadherin. + +Ozcan A(1), Zhai J, Hamilton C, Shen SS, Ro JY, Krishnan B, Truong LD. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, +Turkey. + +The diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains problematic, especially in +the context of metastasis or small needle biopsy specimens. The renal cell +carcinoma marker (RCCM) and kidney-specific cadherin (KSC) are considered +specific markers for RCC but are expressed preferentially in specific subtypes of +RCC of lower grades. This study was aimed at evaluating the usefulness of PAX-2 +in the diagnosis of renal tumors and comparing it with that of RCCM and KSC. +Immunostaining for PAX-2, RCCM, and KSC was performed on consecutive tissue +sections of 130 renal tumors. PAX-2 was successfully detected in routine tissue +specimens. Although PAX-2 seems to be more sensitive than RCCM and KSC, there is +significant staining overlap in relation to histologic subtypes, justifying the +use of all 3 markers, which helps detect the vast majority of renal neoplasms. +PAX-2 seems to have a significant role in renal neogenesis and may represent a +novel therapeutic target. + +DOI: 10.1309/AJCPM7DW0XFHDHNY +PMID: 19228645 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1038. Virchows Arch. 2009 Mar;454(3):333-9. doi: 10.1007/s00428-009-0729-7. Epub 2009 +Feb 3. + +Dendritic cell sarcomas/tumours of the breast: report of two cases. + +Kapucuoglu N(1), Percinel S, Ventura T, Lang R, Al-Daraji W, Eusebi V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. + +Extranodal follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumours (FDCS/Ts) and +interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma/tumours (IDCS/Ts) are rare neoplasms. We +present two cases of FDCS/T and IDCS/T of the breast. The FDCS/T case (case 1) +presented in a 31-year-old woman and the IDCS/T case (case 2) in a 67-year-old +woman who both showed a firm lump in the left breast. The FDCS/T lesion +superficially appeared as an anaplastic carcinoma and the IDCS/T was reminiscent +of a spindle cell sarcomatoid carcinoma. Nevertheless both lesions were negative +for keratins while case 1 displayed neoplastic cells strongly positive for CD21, +vimentin and focally for CD68 and S-100 protein. The tumour cells of case 2 were +positive for S-100, CD68 and CD45. In breast, an unusual keratin negative tumour +composed predominantly of spindle cells arranged in fascicles, storiform pattern +or whorls with a lymphoid rich stroma should raise suspicion for FDCS/Ts or +IDCS/Ts. The distinction from malignant tumours with similar features is +discussed. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-009-0729-7 +PMID: 19189126 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1039. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2009 Mar;28(2):148-56. doi: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e318187033b. + +Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in adenomyosis and +endometrial polyps and its correlation with angiogenesis. + +Tokyol C(1), Aktepe F, Dilek FH, Sahin O, Arioz DT. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology, Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe University School of +Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. ctokyol@yahoo.com + +Comment in + Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2010 Jul;29(4):341-2. + +This study investigates the expression of cyclooxgenase (COX)-2 and matrix +metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in patients with adenomyosis or endometrial polyps and +their possible relation to microvascular density in these lesions. The subjects +were 25 patients with adenomyosis, 30 patients with endometrial polyps, and 20 +female controls. The expression of COX-2, MMP-2, and CD34 was studied +immunohistochemically. Microvesseldensity (MVD) was calculated by the counting of +CD34-positive vascular endothelial cells. The quantity and intensity of COX-2 +expression in endometrium did not vary during the menstrual cycle in the control +group and in patients with endometrial polyps. In patients with adenomyosis, it +was higher in the secretory phase. MMP-2 expression in stromal cells in +adenomyotic foci and endometrial polyps were higher than in normal endometrium. +In the proliferative phase, MVD in adenomyosis foci was higher than in normal +endometrium and endometrial polyps. In the secretory phase, MVD in adenomyotic +foci and endometrial polyps was higher than in normal endometrium. Overexpression +of stromal MMP-2 may play a role in the development of adenomyosis and +endometrial polyps. Aberrant COX-2 expression in eutopic endometrium during the +luteal phase may be associated with the pathogenesis of adenomyosis; however, +expression of COX-2 does not seem to play a role in the development of +endometrial polyps. MVD was high in both lesions, but there was no significant +correlation between MVD and the expression of MMP-2 or COX-2. Mechanisms other +than COX-2 and MMP-2 may contribute to the promotion of angiogenesis in these +lesions. + +DOI: 10.1097/PGP.0b013e318187033b +PMID: 19188819 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1040. J Cutan Pathol. 2009 Sep;36(9):958-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01204.x. + +Expressions of p53, cyclinD1 and histopathological features in basal cell +carcinomas. + +Koseoglu RD(1), Sezer E, Eyibilen A, Aladag I, Etikan I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gaziosmanpasa University School of Medicine, Tokat, +Turkey. residdogan@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: We planned this study to analyze probable associations between p53, +cyclinD1, Ki67 and histopathological features in basal cell carcinomas (BCC). +METHODS: Histological differentiation types, histological growth patterns and +tissue responses were analyzed in 50 cases of BCC. In immunohistochemical +analysis, p53, cyclinD1 and Ki67 antibodies were investigated. P53 expression was +evaluated based on a cut-off value of 25% positivity. CyclinD1 expression was +graded from 0 to 3+ according to the percentage of positive nuclear staining. The +percentage of positively staining cells for Ki67 was recorded. +RESULTS: The following significant correlations were detected. Solid infiltrative +type differentiation was related to the infiltrative histological growth pattern. +The rates of p53 positivity and severe fibrosis in the groups of mixed and +infiltrative growth patterns were higher than others. Besides, p53-positive cases +showed more severe fibrosis and had a higher mean value for Ki67 index. Epidermal +p53 and cyclinD1 clones in normal epidermal areas adjacent to tumors were noticed +in 42% and 52% of the cases, respectively. +CONCLUSIONS: P53 expression seems to be related to Ki67 index and some +histopathological features of BCC, such as infiltrative histological growth +pattern and probably fibrosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01204.x +PMID: 19187116 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1041. J Clin Pathol. 2009 Feb;62(2):187-9. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2008.061077. + +A retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst mimicking adrenal tumour in an adult: is +differential diagnosis truly possible? + +Onol FF(1), Baytekin F, Dikbas O, Ergönenç T, Tanidir Y. + +Author information: +(1)Clinic of Urology, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey. +ffonol@yahoo.com + +Bronchogenic cysts are developmental abnormalities of the primitive foregut +resulting from aberrant budding from the ventral diverticulum. A retroperitoneal +position for a bronchial cyst is extremely unusual and should be differentiated +from other neoplastic lesions. Although histologically they can be differentiated +from other lesions, bronchial cysts may show various pathological patterns of +differentiation that may cause confusion in differentiating them from cystic +teratomas. This is a case of a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst featuring +uncommon histological findings, which raises the question whether these benign +lesions can always be accurately differentiated from teratomatoid cystic +neoplasms. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2008.061077 +PMID: 19181637 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1042. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jan;62(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.12.011. Epub +2009 Jan 31. + +The age- and gender-dependent effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on rat liver. + +Arslan M(1), Ozkose Z, Akyol G, Barit G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. mustarslan@gmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the age- and gender-dependent effects +of desflurane and sevoflurane on the liver. +MATERIAL AND METHOD: Upon the approval of ethics committee, 84 rats were divided +into four groups as 21 young male, 21 young female, 21 old male, and 21 old +female rats. Then, each group was further divided into three groups as +desflurane, sevoflurane, and control groups. Maintaining the minimum alveolar +concentration of 1, desflurane at 6vol% and sevoflurane at 2vol% in 6Lmin(-1) +100% O2 were administered for 2h in a transparent plastic container of +40cmx40cmx70cm. Each liver preparation was evaluated for hydropic degeneration, +nuclear polymorphism, portal neutrophile infiltration, portal lymphocyte +infiltration, and focal necrosis, and each preparation was assigned injury points +of 0-3; thus, the number of histopathologically injured cases, total injury +scores of each preparation, and the mean injury scores of each group were +determined. +RESULTS: Desflurane and sevoflurane did not significantly increase hepatic injury +in the young male rats, while both agents caused significantly more hepatic +injury in the young female rats. In the old rats, both desflurane and sevoflurane +inflicted more hepatic injury on both genders. In addition, desflurane caused +more hepatic injury in the old female rats than in the young female or the old +male rats. +CONCLUSION: Hepatic injury associated with desflurane and sevoflurane was mild to +moderate, suggesting that both agents can be safely used in routine anaesthesia +procedures. + +Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.12.011 +PMID: 19181502 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1043. Vet Pathol. 2009 May;46(3):457-9. doi: 10.1354/vp.08-VP-0016-I-BC. Epub 2009 Jan +27. + +Pulmonary myxoma in a sheep. + +Ilhan F(1), Yener Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Yuzuncu +Yil, Zeve Kampusu, 65080 Van, Turkey. fatmasayn@hotmail.com + +Pulmonary myxoma is an uncommon neoplasm. A pale tan, lobulated, and +well-circumscribed mass was discovered at slaughter in the left lung of a +5-year-old sheep. Histologically, the tumor was composed of spindloid to stellate +cells in a myxoid matrix. Neoplastic cells were immunohistochemically positive +for vimentin but did not express cytokeratins, S-100 protein, smooth muscle +actin, desmin, or p53. On the basis of the histologic and immunohistochemical +findings, this tumor was diagnosed as a myxoma. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.08-VP-0016-I-BC +PMID: 19176507 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1044. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(5):325-9. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.11.012. Epub 2009 +Jan 23. + +Nuclear planimetry on the samples from cytologically overlapping proliferative +breast lesions. + +Kurt B(1), Karslioglu Y, Celik E, Cermik H, Onguru O, Ozcan A, Deveci S. + +Author information: +(1)Gulhane Military Medical Academy and Medical School, Department of Pathology, +General Tevfik Saglam Cad., 06018 Ankara, Turkey. bkurt_md@yahoo.com + +Differentiation of low-grade breast carcinomas from fibroadenomas with atypia on +fine-needle aspiration cytology material may sometimes be problematic. In some +cytological samples of these lesions, both the nuclei of cells and patterns of +cell clusters display substantial overlapping morphological characteristics. +Nuclear morphometry on cytological material is suggested as an ancillary method +for the differential diagnosis in many lesions, including breast tumors. +Twenty-five cytological samples obtained from patients with breast lesions, which +were histopathologically confirmed as grade I ductal carcinomas (n=10), tubular +carcinomas (n=5), and fibroadenomas with atypia (n=10), were utilized in this +study. Eight geometric features of about 2002 nuclei from these tumors were +measured. Discriminant analysis was performed on this data set in order to test +the correct classification based on the eight measured variables. Statistical +analyses were carried out with two fundamentally different approaches: in the +first one, the entire data from all measured nuclei were used for classification. +In the second one, a subset of data representing the 10% most deviated values of +variables was extracted from the entire dataset to simulate the "selective +examination" performed during classical morphologic evaluation. When the entire +data was used in discriminant analysis, the overall performance in the correct +classification rate was found to be approximately 50%, which was considered an +unacceptable value in routine diagnostic practice. In the subset of data +constructed with our systematic and reproducible "selection bias", the overall +performance of correct classification rate of the same discriminant model +improved substantially to 97%. Morphologic examination is actually based on +selection. The use of data obtained from all of the cells in morphometry, as +previously used in nearly all of the statistical methods, may cause a masking +effect in diagnostically important features. Morphometric studies may seem to be +useless when this effect is not taken into account. However, with a systematic +and reproducible selection of the values with a proper "bias", morphometry may +provide some discriminatory information in overlapping lesions. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.11.012 +PMID: 19167835 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1045. J Cutan Pathol. 2009 Aug;36(8):831-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01180.x. Epub +2009 Jan 21. + +Sister chromatid exchange and micronucleus studies in patients with Behçet's +disease. + +Karaman A(1), Kadi M, Kara F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, +Erzurum, Turkey. alikaramandr@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Genetic factors that predispose individuals to Behçet's disease (BD) +are considered to play important roles in the development of the disease. The aim +of this study was to determine, by counting sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and +micronucleus (MN) frequencies, whether DNA damage have an effect on the +pathogenesis of BD. Furthermore, our aim was to show if there is an association +between oxidative stress and chromosome instability in BD. +METHODS: We analyzed lymphocytes from patients with BD (16 in active and 14 in +inactive periods) and 20 healthy controls for SCE and MN frequencies. In +addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, +glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) +and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) count were determined in the all subjects. +RESULTS: The SCE and MN frequencies were significantly higher in both the active +and inactive period patients than in the controls (p < 0.00001, p < 0.0001, p < +0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively), and the MDA level was significantly higher in +both the active and inactive period patients than in the controls (p < 0.01 and p +< 0.05, respectively). In contrast, the SOD and GSH-Px levels were significantly +lower in both the active and inactive period patients than in the controls (p < +0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). +CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that increased plasma MDA level and decreased +plasma GSH-Px and SOD levels reflect the increased levels of oxidative stress in +BD patients, and this situation may impair genetic stability in BD patients. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01180.x +PMID: 19159395 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1046. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Mar;38(3):304-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00719.x. + +Nitric oxide metabolism in cancerous and non-cancerous oral gingivomucosal +tissues: possible implications of nitric oxide in cancer process. + +Avci A(1), Tüzüner-Oncül AM, Gökcan MK, Namuslu M, Oztürk A, Durak I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, +Turkey. aslihanavci@yahoo.com + +PURPOSE: Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule that plays various roles in the body +tissues. NO plays important roles in vasodilatation, platelet aggregation, +cytokine stimulation, neurotransmission, immune function, etc. NO also exerts +dual functions as an oxidant and antioxidant substance depending on its +concentrations and environmental conditions. In this study, we aimed to examine +possible correlation between NO levels and NO synthase (NOS) activity in the +patients with oral cancer. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 19 tissues from human subjects (11 +malign and eight benign lesions). +RESULTS: NO level and NOS activity were found decreased in the malign lesions +compared with those of the benign ones. +CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, two suggestions can be made; first, decreased NO +synthesis may be an attempt to suppress angiogenesis, which is known to provide +more essential nutrients to malign lesions and/or second, malign lesions may +suppress NO production to be capable of creating more rapid proliferation as it +has been known that NO is also a powerful free radical inducing apoptosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00719.x +PMID: 19141063 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1047. J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Mar;38(3):269-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00734.x. +Epub 2008 Dec 31. + +Burning mouth syndrome and saliva: detection of salivary trace elements and +cytokines. + +Pekiner FN(1), Gümrü B, Demirel GY, Ozbayrak S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. fpekiner@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is considered a syndrome with an unknown +cause. Roles of various trace elements and cytokines in saliva have been +implicated in the development of BMS. The aim of the present study was to compare +the levels of salivary trace elements [magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)] +and interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6, and to search for a correlation between +depression/anxiety and salivary trace elements and cytokines in BMS patients and +controls. +METHODS: Thirty patients with BMS and 30 matched healthy controls participated in +the study. Unstimulated saliva was collected from participants and salivary flow +rates were determined. Mg, Zn and Cu levels were determined by atomic absorbance +spectrophotometry. Cytokine immunoassay kits were used to determine the +concentration of IL-2 and IL-6 in the whole saliva samples. Anxiety and +depression were analyzed by means of the Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety +Inventory (SAI-TAI) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. +RESULTS: Although subjects in the control group had significantly higher mean +levels for Mg compared with BMS patients (P < 0.01), no statistically significant +differences were observed in relation to Zn and Cu levels between the two groups +(P < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in IL-2 and IL-6 +levels of BMS and control groups, but subjects in BMS group had slightly, not +significantly, higher mean levels for IL-6 compared with controls. Subjects in +BMS group had significantly higher mean values for TAI compared with controls (P +< 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in relation to +salivary levels of Mg, Zn, Cu, IL-2, IL-6 and depression/anxiety between BMS and +control groups. +CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study indicate that Mg levels could have an +impact on symptoms of BMS and further studies are necessary to determine the +importance of cytokines in the pathogenesis of BMS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00734.x +PMID: 19141055 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1048. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(4):255-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.10.011. Epub 2008 +Dec 16. + +The association of mast cell density with myometrial invasion in endometrial +carcinoma: a preliminary report. + +Cinel L(1), Aban M, Basturk M, Ertunc D, Arpaci R, Dilek S, Camdeviren H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. +leycinel@hotmail.com + +Comment in + Pathol Res Pract. 2010 Jun 15;206(6):426-7; author reply 428. + +It is known that cancer is not a single transformational event. It is rather a +multistage process involving complex interactions with the surrounding cellular +microenvironment. Mast cells accumulate at sites of tumor growth in response to +numerous chemoattractants. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between +mast cell density (MCD) and myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinomas. +Immunohistochemistry was performed on 35 unselected consecutive hysterectomy +specimens from patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. C-kit-positive mast cell +assessment was performed in the myometrium adjacent to tumor tissue. A mean +number of or=16 mast cells was regarded as high mast +cell density (H-MCD). A significant correlation (p=0.018, Pearson Chi-Square +test) between H-MCD and the presence of myometrial invasion was demonstrated in +endometrial carcinomas. H-MCD was found in 54% of all cases, and 94% of H-MCD +cases had myometrial invasion, suggesting a role of mast cells or an interaction +with tumor. Therapeutic modalities orientated to these cells or their +microenvironment as a new target for adjuvant treatment might determine the +prognosis in endometrial carcinomas. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.10.011 +PMID: 19091488 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1049. J Comp Pathol. 2009 Jan;140(1):43-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2008.10.003. Epub 2008 +Dec 10. + +Immunohistochemical detection of pulmonary surfactant proteins and retroviral +antigens in the lungs of sheep with pulmonary adenomatosis. + +Beytut E(1), Sözmen M, Ergínsoy S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, +Kars, Turkey. enverbeytut@hotmail.com + +The lungs and mediastinal and bronchial lymph nodes from 26 sheep with ovine +pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) were examined. Microscopically, the tumour was +disseminated throughout the lungs and displayed acinar or papillary growth. The +neoplastic cells were cuboidal or columnar with clear cytoplasm and a low mitotic +rate. Retrovirus antigen (Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus Capsid Protein, JSRV CA) +was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in the lung and lymph nodes by +immunohistochemistry. The neoplastic cells had more diffuse and intense +expression of pulmonary surfactant protein-A (SP-A) compared with the expression +of SP-B or SP-C. SP-A and SP-B expression was localized to the apical cytoplasm +of the neoplastic cells, whereas SP-C was most strongly expressed in the +perinuclear area of the tumour cells. In the lungs of two sheep, low numbers of +tumour cells expressed Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP). The nuclei of the +neoplastic epithelial cells and of the germinal centre lymphocytes within the +peribronchiolar lymphoid tissue expressed the proliferating cell nuclear antigen +(PCNA). CD3(+) T lymphocytes infiltrated the pulmonary tissue and surrounded the +neoplastic foci. The results of this study demonstrate that JSRV continues to +replicate in neoplastic cells after they have been transformed, and that the +neoplastic cells produce pulmonary surfactant proteins. A local T-cell response +occurs within affected lungs. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2008.10.003 +PMID: 19081577 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1050. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(3):165-73. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.10.002. Epub 2008 +Dec 2. + +Ghrelin expression in normal kidney tissue and renal carcinomas. + +Dagli AF(1), Aydin S, Karaoglu A, Akpolat N, Ozercan IH, Ozercan MR. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Firat University, Medical School, 23119 Elazig, +Turkey. + +Ghrelin expression in cancers is either reduced/absent or increased depending on +the organs involved. The aims of this study were to investigate: (i) whether +there are differences in ghrelin peptide expression between kidney tissues from a +series of renal cell carcinoma cases, oncocytomas, and normal controls; (ii) +whether there are correlations between tissue ghrelin levels in a series of renal +carcinoma cases and normal controls; and (iii) how normal is kidney ghrelin +expression per mg tissue as compared with the normal stomach tissue ghrelin +level. We studied 7 normal stomach and 7 normal kidney samples, 21 clear cell +renal carcinomas, 7 chromophobe type renal cell carcinomas (RCC), 7 papillary +type RCC, and 7 oncocytoma samples. Tissue ghrelin expression was measured by RIA +and immunohistochemistry. Grades 1-3 clear renal cell carcinomas, chromophobe +type RCC, papillary type RCC, and oncocytomas expressed 88%, 94%, 95%, 51%, 75%, +and 48% less ghrelin than the normal kidney, respectively. Overall, we concluded +that ghrelin expression in renal cell carcinoma tissues is always lower than that +in normal kidney or is absent. This low level or lack of ghrelin may play a role +in the etiopathogenesis and progression of cancer. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.10.002 +PMID: 19054628 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1051. Pathol Oncol Res. 2009 Sep;15(3):345-50. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9127-8. + +Prognostic significance of cell proliferation and apoptosis-regulating proteins +in Epstein-Barr Virus positive and negative pediatric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. + +Aktaş S(1), Kargi A, Olgun N, Diniz G, Erbay A, Vergin C. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey. +safiyeaktas@yahoo.com + +Apoptosis-related proteins and proliferation activity and their relationship with +Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) are contemporary issues in pediatric non-Hodgkin's +lymphoma (pNHL). In this study prognostic or pathogenetic role of EBV latent +infection, proliferating activity, and apoptosis-regulating proteins in pNHL were +explored. EBV-EBER, lmp-1, ki-67, bcl-2, survivin, bax, fas, c-myc, p53 and +apoptotic index by TUNEL method were explored in 70 pNHL cases and evaluated +statistically. Of the 70 cases evaluated, 24 were female and 46 were male. Seven +cases were stage I/II and 63 cases were stage III/IV. The mean age was 7.16 + or +- 3.72(1-15). EBV was positive in (25.7%) cases. Overall survival was 82%, while +event free survival was 75%. Bax was expressed in 40% of the cases, while the +expression of bcl-2,was 50%, survivin 42.9%, p53 8.6%, fas 18.6% and c-myc in +45.7%. Mean apoptotic index was 131.29 + or - 96.69 per 5,000 cells. Mean +proliferation index was 55.97% (12-92%). Fas positivity was high in EBV positive +cases (p = 0.0001). EBV positivity was not related with prognosis. Apoptotic +index was found to be an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.017). Our results +suggest that apoptosis-regulating proteins have a role in the pathogenesis of +pNHL. EBV was correlated with apoptotic index and fas, bcl-2. No correlation was +observed with proliferation index and studied factors. High apoptotic index was +related with good prognosis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9127-8 +PMID: 19048401 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1052. Pathol Oncol Res. 2009 Sep;15(3):359-68. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9129-6. + +Analysis of p53 gene polymorphisms and protein over-expression in patients with +breast cancer. + +Akkiprik M(1), Sonmez O, Gulluoglu BM, Caglar HB, Kaya H, Demirkalem P, Abacioglu +U, Sengoz M, Sav A, Ozer A. + +Author information: +(1)Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Tibbiye +Cad, No: 49, Haydarpasa, Istanbul 34668, Turkey. makkiprik@marmara.edu.tr + +p53 polymorphic variants play an important role in the determination of tumor +phenotype and characteristics in breast cancer. In this study, we examined three +common polymorphisms in p53 gene and their haplotype combinations to assess their +potential association with inherited predisposition to breast cancer development, +in relations with the protein over-expression and patients' demographic data. A +total of 99 patients with breast cancer and 107 age-matched healthy controls were +included in the study. Genotypes were determined using PCR-RFLP and DNA +sequencing techniques. Evaluation of p53 protein over-expression was also +examined by immunohistochemistry. Among three polymorphisms, increased codon 72 +Pro allele frequency (p = 0.0067) and the presence of Pro allele were found to be +significantly associated with breast cancer (p = 0.013). A significant risk was +also found in subjects with combinations of specific haplotypes and genotypes. +Most of breast cancer women especially younger than 50 years carry at least one +p53 polymorphism (p = 0.001). There was no any association between these three +p53 polymorphisms and the protein over-expression, separately or in interaction, +with breast cancer. In conclusion, presence of proline allele at codon 72 alone, +and its special combinations with other two polymorphisms appear to be a +significant risk factor for breast cancer. Determination of well-known p53 +polymorphisms might be a good predictor for breast cancer development especially +in women younger than 50 years. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9129-6 +PMID: 19048399 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1053. Pathol Oncol Res. 2009 Jun;15(2):203-7. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9130-0. Epub 2008 +Dec 2. + +Correlation between osteopontin protein expression and histological grade of +astrocytomas. + +Toy H(1), Yavas O, Eren O, Genc M, Yavas C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Meram Medical School, Selcuk University, 42080 Meram, +Konya, Turkey. 11hatice@gmail.com + +Osteopontin is a ligand for the integrin proteins, which are cell surface +receptors that mediate the physical and functional interactions between a cell +and the extracellular matrix. The expression of osteopontin is reportedly +increased in a number of transformed cell lines and tumor tissues. Furthermore, +increased expression of osteopontin results in some infiltrative features of +tumors. The aim of the study is to demonstrate that expression of osteopontin in +human astrocytomas correlates with histological tumor grade. The expression of +osteopontin in human astrocytomas was determined with immunohistochemistry. +Median osteopontin expression levels were 1%, 7.5%, 60%, and 50% in grade I, II, +III, and IV tumors, respectively. Osteopontin staining was significantly higher +in high grade (grade III-IV) than low grade (grade I-II) tumors. These findings +indicate that osteopontin immunoreactivity in human astrocytomas may correlate +with the grade of a tumor. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9130-0 +PMID: 19048398 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1054. Virchows Arch. 2009 Jan;454(1):101-5. doi: 10.1007/s00428-008-0698-2. Epub 2008 +Nov 25. + +Can CD10 be used as a diagnostic marker in thyroid pathology? + +Yegen G(1), Demir MA, Ertan Y, Nalbant OA, Tunçyürek M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. + +CD10-common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen is a membrane-bound zinc +metalloproteinase that is expressed by different hematopoietic cell types at +unique stages of lymphoid and myeloid differentiation. It was reported to be +expressed in various nonlymphoid cells and tissue, as well as in various types of +neoplasms. Recently, it has been found to be useful in the differential diagnosis +of benign and malignant follicular-patterned lesions of the thyroid. In the +present study, we evaluated the staining pattern of CD10 in various thyroid +lesions, including 14 benign and 61 malignant cases, as well as in adjacent +thyroid tissue. CD10 was negative in normal thyroid tissue, adenomatous nodules, +minimally invasive follicular carcinoma, and well-differentiated carcinoma. It +was expressed in nine of 14 (64.2%) conventional papillary carcinomas, four of 24 +(16.6%) follicular variant of papillary carcinomas, three of six (50%) papillary +microcarcinomas, one of nine (11.1%) widely invasive follicular carcinomas, and +three of ten (30%) follicular adenomas. In contrast to results of previous +studies, CD10 is not useful in the classification of thyroid follicular lesions +as benign or malignant, but it shows strong positivity in conventional papillary +carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-008-0698-2 +PMID: 19031085 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1055. APMIS. 2008 Sep;116(9):791-800. + +Immunohistochemical expression of multidrug resistance proteins in mature +T/NK-cell lymphomas. + +Saglam A(1), Hayran M, Uner AH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Oncology Institute, Hacettepe University Faculty of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +Multidrug resistance (MDR) is defined as resistance of tumor cells to a wide +spectrum of structurally and functionally unrelated drugs. One of the most +important mechanisms in mediating MDR is that involving cellular drug efflux +transporters. Drug resistance is a common and formidable obstacle to therapy in +mature T/NK-cell lymphomas and the MDR phenotype is thought to be one of the +contributing mechanisms. In this study we assessed the immunohistochemical +expression of P-gp (P-glycoprotein), MRP-1 (multidrug resistance associated +protein 1), BCRP (breast cancer resistance protein) and LRP (lung resistance +protein) in 45 mature T/NK-cell lymphomas diagnosed at our hospital. We detected +P-gp expression in 31% (13/42), MRP-1 expression in 74% (31/42), BCRP in 78% +(32/41) and LRP in 59% (26/44) of the cases. These findings show that our +T/NK-cell lymphoma cases display high frequency of MDR protein expression. + + +PMID: 19024599 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1056. J Cutan Pathol. 2009 Aug;36(8):838-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01169.x. +Epub 2008 Nov 9. + +Collagen-elastic tissue changes and vascular involvement in granuloma annulare: a +review of 35 cases. + +Güneş P(1), Göktay F, Mansur AT, Köker F, Erfan G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of granuloma annulare (GA) is unclear. Collagen +fiber degeneration is commonly reported, and there are several conflicting +studies on elastic fiber and vascular changes associated with GA. In this study, +we aimed to evaluate histopathologic characteristics, collagen and elastic tissue +changes and vascular changes in GA. +METHODS: Clinical records of 35 GA patients were examined alongside serial +sections of 38 biopsy specimens from these patients. New sections of biopsy +tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Verhoeff-van Gieson or Alcian +blue and then evaluated. +RESULTS: Four different histopathologic patterns were observed: interstitial +(57.9%), palisadic granulomatous (26.3%), sarcoidal granulomatous (5.3%) and +mixed (10.5%). Dermal mucin deposition was determined in 84.2% of specimens. +Solar elastosis was observed in only seven specimens, and elastophagocytosis was +observed in only two specimens. Collagen and elastic tissue damages were +consistent findings in all biopsy specimens. Fibrin thrombi and vasculitic +changes were not found in any of the specimens from this patient group. +CONCLUSIONS: Elastic and collagen fiber damage are the main accompanying features +of GA, which may develop from delayed-type hypersensitivity. Vasculitis does not +appear to be a major causative process. Sun exposure also seems to have no major +effect on the formation of GA but can be one of the stimulants or predisposing +factors. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01169.x +PMID: 19017038 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1057. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Jul;61(4):297-305. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.09.005. Epub +2008 Nov 7. + +Effects of formaldehyde inhalation on the junctional proteins of nasal +respiratory mucosa of rats. + +Arican RY(1), Sahin Z, Ustunel I, Sarikcioglu L, Ozdem S, Oguz N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey. + +Exposure to formaldehyde, which is an organic compound, disturbs the integrity of +nasal mucosa. In this study, we aimed to clarify the protein changes in the +junctional complex of nasal mucosa of Wistar rats exposed to formaldehyde +inhalation. The study was performed in 20 female Wistar rats. Rats were divided +into two groups randomly. Control rats were allowed free access to standard rat +chaw and tap water (n:10). Experimental group was exposed to formaldehyde vapor +at 15ppm, 6h/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks (n:10). Histological evaluation of the +experimental model was determined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and periodic acid +Schiff (PAS) stainings of paraffin-embedded nasal mucosa tissues and by electron +microscopy. The effects of formaldehyde inhalation on the distribution of +occludin, E-cadherin, and gamma-catenin were assessed by immunohistochemistry. +The nasal mucosa of the experimental group was correlated with hypertrophy in +goblet cell, degeneration in basal lamina, stratification of epithelium, and +proliferation. Thickness of basal lamina and also local degenerative regions, +vacuole increase in cytoplasmic areas, irregular forms of kinocilium and loss of +sharpness in the kinocilium membrane were the findings at the ultrastructural +level. The expressions of E-cadherin, occludin, gamma-catenin proteins in +intercellular junctional complexes of rat nasal mucosa were also decreased in +experimental group compared to control group. The findings of the present study +indicated that formaldehyde vapor inhalation in the concentrations and duration +of exposure used in the present experiment significantly decreased the density of +structural proteins of the junctional complex in the nasoepithelium. It was +suggested that, the formaldehyde inhalation could cause complete impairment of +intercellular junctional complexes and disturb the tissue integrity in nasal +mucosa at higher concentrations. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.09.005 +PMID: 18996001 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1058. Pathol Oncol Res. 2009 Jun;15(2):297-300. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9122-0. Epub +2008 Nov 8. + +Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma; a case report and review of the +literature. + +Koseoglu RD(1), Ozkan N, Filiz NO, Kayaoglu HA, Aydin M, Culha EN, Ersoy OF. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, 60030 +Tokat, Turkey. residdogan@hotmail.com + +Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma (IPM) also called as intranodal hemorrhagic +spindle cell tumor with amianthoid fibers is a distinctive and rare mesenchymal +neoplasm of lymph nodes. This entity generally misdiagnosed as intranodal +Kaposi's sarcoma or schwannoma in past. In contrast to Kaposi's sarcoma, it +behaves in a benign fashion and does not need any further therapy except total +surgical resection of the mass. This neoplasm has a great predilection for the +inguinal region. The lesion presents typically as a unilateral, painless, +solitary mass. To our knowledge, approximately 53 cases of IPM have been reported +in the English-language literature. We present a 43-year-old-male patient with +IPM and discuss histological, immunohistochemical features and pathogenesis of +this rare benign neoplasm. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9122-0 +PMID: 18991023 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1059. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Jul;61(4):333-7. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.07.005. Epub +2008 Nov 5. + +Anzer honey prevents N-ethylmaleimide-induced liver damage in rats. + +Korkmaz A(1), Kolankaya D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe +Campus, Ankara, Turkey. aslid@hacettepe.edu.tr + +N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) is a sulphydryl blocker which impairs the sulphydryl +dependent antioxidant system (mainly glutathione) in the body by alkylating +endogenous sulphydryls. This study was designed to investigate the effects of +Anzer honey on NEM-induced liver injury in rats. Thirty female Wistar albino rats +were divided equally into three groups. Group 1: control; Group 2: NEM; Group 3: +Anzer honey+NEM. NEM (0.075mg kg(-1)) was given to both group 2 and 3 +administered subcutaneously (s.c.) for 30 days. The animals in the Anzer +honey+NEM group were treated with Anzer honey at a dose of 0.275g kg(-1), (p.o.) +at 1h prior to every NEM injection. At the end of the 30 day treatment period, +liver samples were taken for determination of the glutathione levels and +histological examination. NEM treatment alone caused a significant reduction of +the liver glutathione levels in group 2. Furthermore, NEM treatment caused +congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration in the liver when compared to the +control group. In group 3, Anzer honey treatment reversed all the changes in +glutathione level, as well as histopathological alterations, normally induced by +NEM. The findings imply that depletion of glutathione concentration plays a +causal role in NEM-induced liver injury, and that the hepatoprotective effect of +Anzer honey may be mediated through sulfhydryl-sensitive processes. They further +imply that it may also possess antioxidant properties. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.07.005 +PMID: 18990552 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1060. Pathol Oncol Res. 2009 Sep;15(3):467-71. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9121-1. + +Breast carcinoma metastasis in recurrent myxoid liposarcoma. + +Kabukcuoglu F(1), Kabukcuoglu Y, Tanik C, Sakiz D, Karsidag S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, M. Ismail +Hakki Sk. No:10/1 Uskudar, Istanbul 34672, Turkey. fkabukcuoglu@hotmail.com + +Tumor to tumor metastasis is a rare, but well recognized entity, most commonly +involving a carcinoma metastasis to a benign or low grade mesenchymal tumor. A +case of breast carcinoma metastasis in a recurrent myxoid liposarcoma is +presented in this study. A 52-year-old female patient with a history of breast +carcinoma (70% invasive lobular carcinoma and 30% invasive ductal carcinoma) +presented with a mass in the right lumbar region. The excised mass was diagnosed +as myxoid liposarcoma. The tumor recurred twice and was reexcised. Microscopic +examination of the second recurrence revealed multiple foci of breast carcinoma +metastases in myxoid liposarcoma. Immunohistochemical study showed staining for +CK19, GCDFP-15, estrogen and progesterone in metastases. Both breast carcinoma +metastasis and myxoid liposarcoma were immunoreactive for E-cadherin and +beta-catenin. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of breast +carcinoma metastasis in myxoid liposarcoma, and the first occurrence of +metastasis in a liposarcoma. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9121-1 +PMID: 18987996 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1061. Diagn Cytopathol. 2009 Jan;37(1):4-10. doi: 10.1002/dc.20938. + +Cytopathologic differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma +and reactive mesothelial cells: A logistic regression analysis. + +Cakir E(1), Demirag F, Aydin M, Unsal E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery +Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. arabaci.ebru@gmail.com + +Distinguishing malignant mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma and reactive mesothelial +proliferation in both cytologic and surgical pathologic specimens is often a +diagnostic challenge. Conventional cytomorphologic assessment is an important +step in the differential diagnosis of these entities.The pleural effusion +cytologies from 40 cases of malignant mesothelioma, 40 cases of adenocarcinoma +and 30 cases of reactive mesothelial proliferation diagnosed between 1997 and +2007 were reviewed. Twenty-seven cytologic features which are regarded as useful +in the differential diagnosis of mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma and benign +mesothelial proliferation were assessed. These cytologic features were subjected +to a stepwise logistic regression analysis. Three features were selected to +distinguish malignant mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma: giant atypical +mesothelial cell (P = 0.0001), nuclear pleomorphism (P = 0.0001) and acinar +structures (P = 0.0001), the latter two being characteristics of adenocarcinoma. +The variables selected to differentiate malignant mesothelioma from reactive +mesothelial cells were: cell ball formation (P = 0.0001), cell in cell engulfment +(P = 0.0001) and monolayer cell groups (P = 0.0001), the latter being a feature +of benign mesothelial proliferation. When these selected variables were subjected +to a stepwise logistic regression analysis, the logistic model correctly +predicted 90% of cases of benign mesothelial proliferation versus 97.5% of +malignant mesothelioma and 92.5% of malignant mesothelioma versus 92.5% of +adenocarcinoma.Conventional cytomorphologic assessment is the first step to +establish an accurate diagnosis in pleural effusions. Several cytologic features +have predictive value to separate malignant mesothelioma from adenocarcinoma and +reactive mesothelial proliferation. + +(c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20938 +PMID: 18973123 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1062. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(1):35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.08.004. Epub 2008 +Oct 31. + +The effects of surfactant and antenatal corticosteroid treatment on the pulmonary +pathology of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. + +Teksam O(1), Kale G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe +University Medical School, Sihhiye/Ankara 06100, Turkey. ozlemt@hacettepe.edu.tr + +The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antenatal steroid +treatment and/or postnatal surfactant replacement therapy on the incidence and +extent of selected histopathological findings. Seventy complete autopsies were +reviewed, and only lung tissues were examined and graded. Infants were divided +into treatment and control groups as follows: group 1: surfactant-treated infants +(n=15); group 2: infants whose mothers were given steroid treatment (n=16); group +3: surfactant-treated infants whose mothers were given steroid treatment (n=10). +The control group included 29 patients not treated with surfactant and steroid. +The overall incidence and severity of hyaline membrane and pulmonary hemorrhage +were similar in each treatment group when compared to the control group. However, +when the treatment groups were compared with each other, the incidence of severe +hyaline membrane was more common in group 1 than in group 3. A significant +reduction in severe hyaline membrane was associated with combined surfactant and +antenatal steroid therapy. However, the cause for the similar incidence of +selected histopathological findings in the treatment groups and the control group +may be linked to oxygen toxicity due to insufficient antioxidant capacity in +premature infants and barotrauma from mechanical ventilation. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.08.004 +PMID: 18951732 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1063. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(2):97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.09.001. Epub 2008 +Oct 31. + +Immunohistochemical galectin-3 expression in non-melanoma skin cancers. + +Kapucuoglu N(1), Basak PY, Bircan S, Sert S, Akkaya VB. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Cunur, Isparta, +Turkey. kapucuoglu@gmail.com + +Galectin-3 is a ss-galactoside-binding lectin. It participates in a variety of +normal and pathologic processes, including cancer progression. In this study, we +evaluated the pattern of expression of galectin-3 in cutaneous squamous cell +carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and its correlation with the +grade of differentiation in SCC and tumor size. Galectin-3 expression was +evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 31 SCCs, 30 BCCs, and 29 non-tumoral skin +samples. Galectin-3 expression was higher in normal epidermis than in +non-melanoma skin cancers, except for cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in SCC. +Cytoplasmic galectin-3 immunoreactivity was significantly higher than nuclear +immunoreactivity in non-melanoma skin cancers. Cytoplasmic galectin-3 +immunoreactivity was significantly higher in SCC than in both circumscribed and +infiltrative BCCs, but no difference was detected between these two types of BCC. +Cytoplasmic galectin-3 immunoreactivity predominated within SCCs (p=0.000), and a +positive correlation was detected between tumor size and cytoplasmic +immunoreactivity (r=0.385, p=0.043). There was no correlation between galectin-3 +staining and tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis. Decreased nuclear +galectin-3 expression and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in tumors are important +factors in the progression from the normal to the cancerous state in non-melanoma +skin cancers. We speculate that cytoplasmic galectin-3 expression may be one of +the factors that contribute to tumor aggressiveness in SCC. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.09.001 +PMID: 18951731 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1064. Brain Pathol. 2009 Oct;19(4):630-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00226.x. + +Astrocytes are more resistant to focal cerebral ischemia than neurons and die by +a delayed necrosis. + +Gürer G(1), Gursoy-Ozdemir Y, Erdemli E, Can A, Dalkara T. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Neurological Sciences & Psychiatry and Department of Neurology, +Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Several recent reports proposed that astrocyte death might precede neuronal +demise after focal ischemia, contrary to the conventional view that astrocytes +are more resistant to injury than neurons. Interestingly, there are findings +supporting each of these opposing views. To clarify these controversies, we +assessed astrocyte viability after 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. +In contrast to neighboring neurons, astrocytes were alive and contained glycogen +across the ischemic area 6 h after reperfusion, and at the expanding outer border +of the infarct at later time points. These glycogen-positive astrocytes had +intact plasma membranes. Astrocytes lost plasmalemma integrity much later than +neurons: 19 +/- 22 (mean +/- standard deviation), 58 +/- 14 and 69 +/- 3% of +astrocytes in the perifocal region became permeable to propidium iodide (PI) at +6, 24, 72 h after ischemia, respectively, in contrast to 81 +/- 2, 96 +/- 3, 97 ++/- 2% of neurons. Although more astrocytes in the cortical and subcortical core +regions were PI-positive, their numbers were considerably less than those of +neurons. Lysosomal rupture (monitored by deoxyribonuclease II immunoreactivity) +followed a similar time course. Cytochrome-c immunohistochemistry showed that +astrocytes maintained mitochondrial integrity longer than neurons. EM confirmed +that astrocyte ultrastructure including mitochondria and lysosomes disintegrated +much later than that of neurons. We also found that astrocytes died by a delayed +necrosis without significantly activating apoptotic mechanisms although they +rapidly swelled at the onset of ischemia. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00226.x +PMID: 18947334 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1065. Int J Surg Pathol. 2009 Oct;17(5):390-5. doi: 10.1177/1066896908323506. Epub 2008 +Oct 10. + +Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and neovascularization in +non--small cell lung carcinoma. + +Ozbudak IH(1), Ozbilim G, Kucukosmanoglu I, Dertsiz L, Demircan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. iremhicrang@hotmail.com + +The prognostic significance of microvascular density (MVD) and vascular +endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression were investigated in 15 patients with +adenocarcinoma (AC) and 15 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). +Immunohistochemically, VEGF and factor VIII were applied. The average microvessel +counts were given as MVD, and VEGF expression was given as VEGF percentage area +and VEGF staining degree. Higher values of MVD were obtained in patients with AC +(11.47 +/- 3.48) when compared with patients with SCC (7.47 +/- 2.50; P = .001) +and also in patients at early stages of disease (10.77 +/- 3.24) when compared +with patients at advanced stages (8.47 +/- 3.64; P = .050). A significant +correlation was shown between MVD and VEGF percentage area (P = .006) and between +VEGF percentage area and VEGF staining degree (P = .000). No significant +difference was found in VEGF percentage area between patients with SCC and AC and +between patients at early and advanced stages. In conclusion, VEGF or MVD should +not be regarded as a solitary prognostic factor but should be supported by other +prognostic factors. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896908323506 +PMID: 18849317 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1066. Pathol Int. 2008 Nov;58(11):713-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2008.02298.x. + +Confusing cases: clear cell but not renal cell lesions in kidney. + +Baydar D(1), Aydin O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +dertoy@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Comment in + Pathol Int. 2011 Dec;61(12):778-80. + +Diagnosis of low-grade clear cell lesions in kidney can be challenging to the +pathologist in practice. There is limited information in the literature +addressing the practical issues that may be encountered in this regard. Herein is +presented two cases: one was an adrenal cortical nodule; the second, an +intrarenal adrenal heterotopia that was assumed to be renal cell carcinoma +initially. Certain red flags should prompt pathologists to investigate further; +close morphological examination including immunohistochemistry may be warranted +in these lesions. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2008.02298.x +PMID: 18844937 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1067. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008 Nov;36(11):769-72. doi: 10.1002/dc.20917. + +Metastatic malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix: first diagnosed on +liquid-based cytology. + +Uzüm N(1), Köse F, Ataoğlu O. + +Author information: +(1)Mikro-Pat Pathology Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey. nuketuzum@yahoo.com + +Malignant melanomas of the female genital tract are uncommon lesions. The first +case of vulvar melanomas with a subsequent malignant melanoma of the cervix +diagnosed based on liquid-based cytology without evidence of gross pathology is +described. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20917 +PMID: 18831038 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1068. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008 Nov;36(11):776-9. doi: 10.1002/dc.20905. + +Pap smear findings in chronic renal failure patients compared with the normal +population according to Bethesda 2001. + +Haberal AN(1), Bilezikçi B, Ozen O, Yalçinkaya C, Arat Z, Kuşçu E, Demirhan B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +nihanh@baskent-ank.edu.tr + +Dialysis remains the most common treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). +Although the increased risk of cancer after renal transplant is well documented, +there is less certainty about the risk of cancer in patients treated only with +dialysis. From 1997 to 2002, 262 ESRD patients received a Pap test at Başkent +University. The smears of 149 patients who had ESRD for more than 9 months were +compared with the smears of 150 otherwise healthy patients. All of the Pap smears +were re-examined according to Bethesda 2001 criteria. The mean age of the +patients was 42.88 years. Regarding micro-organisms, no statistically significant +difference between the groups were observed. In 36 Pap smears, a shift in flora +suggestive of bacterial vaginosis was detected. There were statistically +significant differences between the groups. When age was considered as a marker +of atrophy, atrophy in patients younger than 50 years was statistically different +between the groups. Also, we determined that the shift in flora suggestive of +bacterial vaginosis and atrophy in patients aged younger than 50 years did not +depend on the length of hemodialysis. Of 13 patients (4.3%) who had epithelial +cell abnormalities there were not statistically significant differences between +the groups. In conclusion, according to our study, CRF seems not to be a +predictive factor for cervical cancer. Shift in flora suggestive of bacterial +vaginosis and atrophy in patients aged younger than 50 years might be the natural +effects of uremia, and they appear not to be dependent on the length of the +hemodialysis period. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20905 +PMID: 18831015 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1069. Folia Neuropathol. 2008;46(3):204-12. + +Efficacy of remote ischaemic preconditioning for spinal cord protection against +ischaemic injury: association with heat shock protein expression. + +Selimoglu O(1), Ugurlucan M, Basaran M, Gungor F, Banach M, Cucu O, Ong LL, +Gasparyan AY, Mikhailidis D, Ogus TN. + +Author information: +(1)Medical Park Hospital, Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey. + +INTRODUCTION: We aimed to determine the efficacy of remote ischaemic +preconditioning in the hind limb of rats for ischaemic damage of the spinal cord +through neurological and histological investigation and examination of heat shock +proteins (HSP). +MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three +groups as Group 1 (control group, n=10), Group 2 (ischaemia control group, n=10), +and Group 3 (remote ischaemia preconditioning group, n=10). The right lower limb +of the rats in the study group was compressed with a tourniquet for three cycles +of ten-minute ischaemia followed by ten-minute reperfusion. After a period of 8 +hours, the peritoneal cavity was accessed through a midline vertical incision. +The abdominal aorta was clamped between the origin of the renal arteries and the +iliac arteries for 45 minutes and spinal cord ischaemia was induced. The same +procedure of abdominal aorta clamping was performed in the control group without +creating leg ischaemia. The rats were evaluated for neurological parameters at 24 +and 48 hours. At the end of this time period, all rats were sacrificed and the +spinal cords were stained for determination of HSP and histopathological +classification. For immunohistochemical evaluation, the samples were analyzed +according to the degree of staining with HSP70 rabbit antibody. +RESULTS: After completing the neurological examinations and histological +evaluations, we determined the spinal cords of the animals in the sham group to +be completely normal. The post-operative neurological examination scores of Group +3 at 24 and 48 hours were significantly higher than scores measured in the other +two groups. There were seven rats with HSP expression and this was detected in +animals pretreated with remote ischaemic preconditioning. There were also two +rats in Group 2 with HSP expression. +CONCLUSION: Our results show that production of transient remote ischaemia +preconditioning in the lower extremities reduces damage in the spinal cord +secondary to ischaemia probably by the increase of HSP. + + +PMID: 18825596 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1070. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(12):919-23. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.07.004. Epub 2008 +Aug 30. + +The coexistence of invasive ductal carcinoma and malignant phyllodes tumor with +liposarcomatous and chondrosarcomatous differentiation in the same breast in a +post-osteosarcoma case. + +Kefeli M(1), Yildiz L, Akpolat I, Balci P, Ozen N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Medical School, Kurupelit +55139, Samsun, Turkey. mehmetkefeli@gmail.com + +Malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast are rare biphasic neoplasms, the stromal +component of which may show homologous and heterologous sarcomatous elements. +Malignant epithelial transformation is rare. It has been reported in a few cases +of in situ and infiltrating ductal or lobular carcinoma. Rarely, breast +carcinomas and phyllodes tumors may also develop in the same breast independent +of each other. To our knowledge, this is the first case of two different types of +tumor occurring in the same breast at the same time in a post-osteosarcoma case. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.07.004 +PMID: 18757140 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1071. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Sep;29(3):242-4. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e318183f7de. + +Sudden death due to congenital pericardial defect: an autopsy case. + +Uzün I(1), Büyük Y, Pakiş I, Doğru A, Calk AU. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Pericardial defects are rare in childhood and outcome is usually benign. Patients +may be asymptomatic, but chest pain, emboli, arrhythmia, and sudden death have +been described in the literature. We report the case of a 12-year-old boy who +suddenly died after mild exercise. A left-sided pericardial defect with a +diameter of 8 cm was detected on medico-legal autopsy. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318183f7de +PMID: 18725780 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1072. Cytopathology. 2009 Apr;20(2):103-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2008.00594.x. Epub +2008 Aug 18. + +Diagnostic pitfalls in the evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology of the +thyroid: correlation with histopathology in 260 cases. + +Haberal AN(1), Toru S, Ozen O, Arat Z, Bilezikçi B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVES: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the thyroid is a +non-invasive, cost-effective screening procedure that is valuable for +distinguishing neoplastic lesions from non-neoplastic nodules. The aim of this +study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FNACs performed at our +institution by correlating FNAC results with histopathological diagnoses. +METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-one aspiration cytology specimens followed by +thyroidectomy were included in the study, and the results of 260 adequate FNACs +were compared with their histological diagnoses. +RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of thyroid FNAC for detecting neoplasia +were 92.6% and 91.6%, respectively. There were 15 (5.7%) false positives and six +(2.3%) false negatives. +CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that follicular cells that exhibit some of the +features of papillary carcinoma could be observed in a cytology slide of +Hashimoto's thyroiditis, leading to a diagnostic pitfall. In addition, +cellularity and overlapping cytological criteria in hyperplasia might lead to a +false diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2008.00594.x +PMID: 18713250 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1073. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Mar;61(2):123-32. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.06.003. Epub +2008 Aug 6. + +The effects of royal jelly on liver damage induced by paracetamol in mice. + +Kanbur M(1), Eraslan G, Beyaz L, Silici S, Liman BC, Altinordulu S, Atasever A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey. + +The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of royal +jelly against paracetamol-induced liver damage. The study was conducted in 90 +female Swiss Albino mice, and six groups were established. While the first group +was maintained as control, Groups 2-6 were administered 200mg/kg RJ for 1 day, +200mg/kg RJ for 7 days, 400mg/kg PAR for 1 day, 200mg/kg RJ plus 400mg/kg PAR for +1 day and 200mg/kg RJ for 7 days and then second 400mg/kg PAR on the 7th day, +orally, respectively. It was shown that PAR significantly increased serum ALT, +AST, ALP, liver MDA levels and significantly decreased liver GSH-Px activity, +when compared to the control group (Group 1). On the other hand, meaningful +changes were observed in the biochemical parameters of the group which was +administered long-term RJ (Group 6). The aforementioned parameters which were +statistically significant were determined to have drawn closer to values of the +control group, and among these, the existing statistical differences for MDA +level and GSH-Px activity between the trial group (Group 6) and the control group +disappeared (Group 1). Compared to the pathological changes observed in the liver +parenchyma, remark cords, sinusoids and hepatocytes in the group which was +administered paracetamol alone (Group 4), lesions were determined to be less +severe particularly in the group (Group 6) which received royal jelly for 7 days +prior to paracetamol. In conclusion, the administration of royal jelly as a +hepatoprotective agent for 7 days against paracetamol-induced liver damage was +determined to exhibit marked protective effect on liver tissue. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.06.003 +PMID: 18693095 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1074. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Jan;61(1):23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.016. Epub +2008 Aug 5. + +Preventive effect of aminoguanidine compared to vitamin E and C on +cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. + +Atasayar S(1), Gürer-Orhan H, Orhan H, Gürel B, Girgin G, Ozgüneş H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. + +In this study, the antioxidant effect of aminoguanidine on nephrotoxicity of a +single dose of cisplatin is investigated and compared with the effects of +well-known antioxidants vitamin C and E combination. Tubular damage and +perivascular inflammation were observed in kidney samples of the +cisplatin-administered groups. Aminoguanidine and vitamin C-E combination are +found to be capable of preventing these effects of cisplatin. Liver tissues of +all groups were intact. Cisplatin-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by +significant decrease in glutathione and significant increase in malondialdehyde +levels in kidney samples. Antioxidants with cisplatin decreased malondialdehyde +levels. Antioxidants with cisplatin prevented the decrease in liver glutathione +levels. The nephrotoxicity was confirmed biochemically by significant elevation +of serum urea and creatinine levels. Both vitamin C-E combination and +aminoguanidine prevented the increase in serum urea levels according to the +cisplatin group. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.016 +PMID: 18684602 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1075. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(11):809-15. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.05.010. Epub 2008 +Jul 31. + +E-cadherin, beta-catenin adhesion complex and relation to matrilysin expression +in pT3 rectosigmoid cancers. + +Dilek FH(1), Topak N, Aktepe F, Sahin O, Türel KS, Sahin DA, Dilek ON. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kocatepe University, +Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. fhdilek@hotmail.com + +E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex has a critical role in cell-cell adhesion. +beta-Catenin is a critical component of the highly conserved Wnt signaling +pathway that regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. Wnt signaling +leads to the stabilization of cytosolic beta-catenin and to translocation to the +nucleus, where it binds with T-cell factor and promotes the transcription and +changes in target gene expression, including matrix metalloproteinases. In this +study, we analyzed paraffin-embedded specimens from 42 patients with pT3 +rectosigmoid cancer for E-cadherin, beta-catenin, and matrix +metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7, matrilysin) expression using immunohistochemistry. +Seventy-four and 79% of tumors expressed beta-catenin and E-cadherin, +respectively. Nuclear expression of beta-catenin was detected only in 26.1% of +tumors. Forty-five percent of the rectosigmoid cancers showed strong expression +of MMP-7. It was revealed that membranous or cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression +was significantly related to E-cadherin and MMP-7 expression. No significant +association was seen between E-cadherin, beta-catenin, or MMP-7 expression and +some clinicopathologic features. Our results may contribute to the functional +interaction between beta-catenin and MMP-7. Further studies on Wnt/beta-catenin +and MMP-7 gene activity and protein expression are necessary to better understand +the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.05.010 +PMID: 18674869 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1076. Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Jul;36(5):714-9. doi: 10.1177/0192623308320800. Epub 2008 +Jul 22. + +Effects of erdosteine on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. + +Kuvandik G(1), Duru M, Nacar A, Yonden Z, Helvaci R, Koc A, Kozlu T, Kaya H, +Sogüt S. + +Author information: +(1)Mustafa Kemal University Medical School, Hatay, Turkey. + +We investigated the effects of erdosteine on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced +hepatotoxicity in rats. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione +peroxidase (GSH-Px), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), and ALT (alanine +transaminase) activities, and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide levels as +oxidant/antioxidant biochemical parameters were investigated with light +microscopic evaluation in adult female Wistar Albino rats. APAP administration +produced a decrease in hepatic SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities, and +coadministration of erdosteine (150 and 300 mg/kg) resulted in increases in the +activities. MDA and NO levels increased in the APAP group, and erdosteine +treatments prevented these increases. Significant elevations in serum AST and ALT +levels were observed in the APAP group, and when erdosteine and APAP were +coadministered, their serum levels were close to those in the control group. +Light microscopic evaluation of livers showed that there were remarkable +centrilobular (zone III) hepatic necrosis and mild to moderate sinusoidal +congestion in the APAP group, whereas in the erdosteine group, cellular necrosis +was minimal and the hepatocytes maintained a better morphology when compared to +the APAP group. Erdosteine prevented APAP-induced liver injury and toxic side +effects probably through the antioxidant and radical scavenging effects of +erdosteine. + +DOI: 10.1177/0192623308320800 +PMID: 18648099 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1077. Pathol Res Pract. 2009;205(2):75-81. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.05.004. Epub 2008 +Jul 16. + +Chorangiosis: the potential role of smoking and air pollution. + +Akbulut M(1), Sorkun HC, Bir F, Eralp A, Duzcan E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli +20030, Turkey. makbulut@pau.edu.tr + +Chorangiosis is considered to be strongly associated with various fetal, +maternal, and placental disorders, including pre-eclampsia, diabetes, +hypertension, and major congenital anomalies, and has been found to correlate +with increased fetal morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated the +pathologic effects of maternal smoking and air pollution on the pathogenesis of +chorangiosis. We investigated 92 placentas macroscopically and microscopically +over a 3-month period (March 2006-May 2006) at Denizli State Hospital to identify +the frequency of chorangiosis and the potential role of maternal smoking and air +pollution. Placental changes were examined by light microscopy after hematoxylin +and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical evaluation of CD 34 and CD 68; +muscle-specific actin was used to confirm the diagnosis. Among the 92 mothers +included in the study, 33 were smokers (group I), 31 were thought to have been +exposed to air pollution (group II), and 28 were living in rural areas free of +air pollution and maternal smoking (group III). Chorangiosis was found in 14% +(13/92) of all placentas: 7 (53.8%) cases were assigned to group I, 5 (38.5%) to +group II, and 1 (7.7%) to group III. Vascular changes were found mainly in the +smoking and air pollution groups. There appeared to be no correlation of these +vascular changes with placental weight, parity, gestational age, major congenital +anomalies, and maternal factors, including diabetes and pre-eclampsia. We presume +that smoking and air pollution may contribute to the development of chorangiosis. +We suggest that chorangiosis may be an adaptive response to maternal hypoxia, and +studies addressing the role of smoking and air pollution in chorangiosis may +provide new insights into the pathogenesis of this condition. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.05.004 +PMID: 18635319 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1078. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008 Oct;37(9):528-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00668.x. +Epub 2008 Jul 9. + +Serum cytokine and T regulatory cell levels in patients with burning mouth +syndrome. + +Pekiner FN(1), Demirel GY, Gümrü B, Ozbayrak S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. fpekiner@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Burning mouth syndrome is a disorder usually associated with an +unexplained, prolonged sensation of burning inside the oral cavity. Although the +etiology is unknown, neural and psychologic factors and cytokines may be +implicated in the pathogenesis of burning mouth syndrome. The aim of this study +was to investigate the relationship between serum cytokine and T regulatory cell +levels in patients with burning mouth syndrome with regard to depression and +anxiety. +METHODS: Thirty patients with burning mouth syndrome and 30 matched controls +participated in the study. Serum cytokine levels were measured with cytometric +bead array and T regulatory cells were defined as CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp-3(+) cells by +flow cytometry. The level of anxiety and depression were analyzed by means of the +Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. +Visual analogue scale was used in the quantification of burning levels of +patients. +RESULTS: Serum IL-2 and TNF-alpha levels were significantly decreased in patients +with burning mouth syndrome compared with controls [mean 16.79 +/- 8.70 vs. 37.73 ++/- 41.05 pg / ml (P < 0.05) and mean 39.09 +/- 29.40 vs. 70.83 +/- 42.44 pg / ml +(P < 0.01) respectively]. +CONCLUSIONS: IL-2 and TNF-alpha might play a role in burning mouth syndrome. +Burning mouth syndrome may occur as a sign of predisposition to autoimmunity. +Presence of low levels of CD28(+) supports the provision that BMS might be a +pre-autoimmune disease. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00668.x +PMID: 18624934 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1079. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2009 Jan;61(1):41-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.05.009. Epub +2008 Jul 14. + +Cyclin A expression is associated with apoptosis and mitosis in murine +3-methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas. + +Sozmen M(1), Tunca R, Dag Erginsoy S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Kafkas, Pasacayiri, Kars, Turkey. +msozmen@hotmail.com + +The chemical carcinogen MCA induces fibrosarcoma and tissue damage at the +injection site. Despite the importance of ROS in the development of cancer, +little is known about the pattern of expression of ROS in MCA-induced +fibrosarcomas. To gain some insight into the biological significance of iNOS and +Cu/Zn-SOD, comparative immunohistochemical analyses were performed to +characterize their expression in MCA-induced fibrosarcomas. Cyclin A is +overexpressed in various tumors, but its expression in MCA-induced fibrosarcoma +in mice and its correlation to mitosis and apoptosis are unclear. The presence of +apoptotic cell death was evaluated using the TUNEL method and findings were +compared with cyclin A expression and mitotic count of fibrosarcomas. +Subcutaneous application of MCA caused fibrosarcoma development in 14 of 20 mice +(70%) in 26 weeks. Limited cytoplasmic Cu/Zn-SOD and iNOS immunostainings were +detected in 13 of 14 and 9 of 14 tumors with median immunoreactive scores of 2 +and 1, respectively. Prominent nuclear cyclin A immunostaining and TUNEL-positive +reactions were seen in all the fibrosarcoma cases. Cyclin A immunoreaction +significantly correlated with the TUNEL index (P<0.01) and MC (P<0.001). The +present findings show a low level of iNOS expression in neoplastic cells +indicating limited synthesizing capacity of tumor cells. Limited Cu/Zn-SOD +reaction could be associated with an imbalance in between pro-oxidant/antioxidant +levels. Furthermore, it was shown that cyclin A is overexpressed in MCA-induced +fibrosarcomas and possibly plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of +fibrosarcomas. Cyclin A could be useful for detecting the S phase of the cell +cycle and could also indicate that cyclin A may induce S phase arrest associated +with apoptosis in the MCA-induced fibrosarcomas. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.05.009 +PMID: 18621517 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1080. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(10):743-50. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.04.016. Epub 2008 +Jul 1. + +Maspin, E-selectin, and P-selectin expressions in papillary thyroid carcinomas +and their correlation with prognostic parameters. + +Bal N(1), Kocer NE, Ertorer ME, Canpolat ET, Kayaselcuk F. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Başkent University, 06940 +Ankara, Turkey. nebilbal@yahoo.com + +Maspin is a serine protease inhibitor belonging to the serpin family, and is +known as a tumor-suppressor protein. Maspin also exhibits an inhibitor effect on +angiogenesis. Cell adhesion molecules such as E- and P-selectin are known to play +an important role in the metastasis mechanism. We evaluated the expression of +maspin, E- and P-selectin in 74 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 19 of which had +lymph node metastases, and statistically analyzed the relationship between these +three proteins and their relation with prognostic factors. Positive correlations +were found for maspin positivity and lymph node metastases; thyroid capsule +invasion and perithyroidal soft tissue invasion; E-selectin positivity and lymph +node metastases, lymphovascular invasion and perithyroidal soft tissue invasion; +and P-selectin positivity and lymph node metastases and lymphovascular invasion +(p < 0.05). Statistically significant correlations were also found between +maspin, E- and P-selectin expressions with each other and with tumor stage (p < +0.05). Inactive cytoplasmic maspin cannot act as a tumor suppressor. Expression +of E- and P-selectins in tumor cells facilitates the occurrence of metastases, +lymphovascular invasion, and perithyroidal soft tissue invasion. Further studies, +in particular molecular investigations, are needed to reveal the detailed +interactions between maspin, E-selectin, and P-selectin expression. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.04.016 +PMID: 18597952 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1081. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Aug;60(4-5):411-9. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.007. Epub +2008 Jun 25. + +Oral L-arginine protects against cyclosporine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. + +Kurus M(1), Esrefoglu M, Karabulut AB, Sogutlu G, Kaya M, Otlu A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, +44128 Malatya, Turkey. histomelita@yahoo.com + +Cyclosporine A (CyA) leads to liver injury, probably by causing the production of +free radicals and resulting in nitric oxide (NO) deficiency. We evaluated +CyA-mediated liver damage histopathologically to determine the possible +beneficial effects of L-arginine (L-Arg). In this study, 7 groups of +Sprague-Dawley rats; (1) Control group; (2) 0.9% NaCl group; (3) CyA group: +7.5mg/kg/day; (4) L-Arg group: 2g/lt/day; (5) l-NAME (N-nitro-L-arginine methyl +ester) group: 5mg/100ml/day; (6) CyA+L-Arg group: L-Arg (2g/lt/day)+CyA +(7.5mg/kg/day); and (7) CyA+L-NAME group: CyA (7.5mg/kg/day)+L-NAME +(5mg/100ml/day) were included. At the end of the treatments, animals were killed +and hepatic tissues were treated for morphological (hematoxylin and eosin) and +biochemical (NO and malondialdehyde, MDA) analyses, and serum was processed for +biochemical (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), bilirubin, +alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein) study. The results indicated that +CyA-induced hepatotoxicity was characterized by sinusoidal dilatation, +hepatocellular vacuolization, neutrophilic infiltration and hepatocellular +necrosis. These findings were less pronounced in the CyA+L-Arg group than CyA +alone group. L-NAME group showed moderate changes. The CyA+L-NAME (Group 7) had +more severe changes. We found changes in tissue NO and MDA levels. We think that +the tissue damage caused by CyA is mild and reversible at the period when +biochemical parameters are just starting to become abnormal and that L-Arg may +have a protective effect against CyA damage on liver. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.007 +PMID: 18583116 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1082. Histol Histopathol. 2008 Sep;23(9):1043-7. doi: 10.14670/HH-23.1043. + +Expression of homeodomain protein CDX2 in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma. + +Bakaris S(1), Cetinkaya A, Ezberci F, Ekerbicer H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology Kahramanmaras Sutcuimam University, School of Medicine +Kahramanmaras, Turkey. sbakaris@yahoo.com + +CDX2 is a homeobox domain-containing transcription factor that is important in +the development and differentiation of the intestine. In this study, we examined +CDX2 expression in normal and neoplastic human colon using a newly isolated +monoclonal antibody. When compared to the intensity observed in adjacent normal +mucosal epithelial cells, strong nuclear staining for CDX2 was observed in 10 +(100%) of 10 colonic adenomas, 30 (88.2%) of 34 colorectal adenocarcinomas, +including 17(94.47%) of 18 well-or moderately differentiated tumors and 13(81.2%) +of 16 high-grade tumors. The percentage of CDX2 immunopositive cells was +generally lower in carcinomas than in adenomas (p<0.001) and lower in moderately +or poorly differentiated tumors than in well-differentiated tumors (p<0.001). +There was an inverse correlation between CDX2 expression and tumor grade, tumor +stage and lymph node metastasis (respectively, p<0.001; p<0.05; p<0.001), but +this was not associated with age, gender, or tumor location and size. These +results indicate that loss of expression of CDX2 protein may play an important +role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancers. Down-regulation of CDX2 may +cause dedifferentiation of gastrointestinal epithelial cells. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-23.1043 +PMID: 18581275 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1083. Endocr Pathol. 2008 Summer;19(2):92-6. doi: 10.1007/s12022-008-9033-3. + +Galectin-3 expression in tumor progression and metastasis of papillary thyroid +carcinoma. + +Türköz HK(1), Oksüz H, Yurdakul Z, Ozcan D. + +Author information: +(1)Okmeydani Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Patoloji Servisi, Darulaceze caddesi, +Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey. kemalturkoz@gmail.com + +Galectin-3 plays important roles in cell adhesion, cell proliferation, apoptosis, +neoplastic transformation, and metastasis. Galectin-3 expression has been +evaluated in various malignant neoplasms to determine its effectiveness in +differential diagnosis from benign lesions and its effects on carcinogenesis. +There are few and somewhat controversial results regarding its changes through +cancer progression in thyroid malignancies. We studied the presence of galectin-3 +expression immunohistochemically and its relation with tumor invasiveness and +lymph node metastasis in 89 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Galectin +overexpression was less frequent in cases with lymph node metastases compared +with cases without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001). Metastatic foci in lymph +nodes showed a lower degree of galectin-3 overexpression than their primary +lesions (P = 0.001). Degree of galectin-3 overexpression was also lower in larger +tumors (P = 0.009). Additionally, a decreased level of galectin-3 overexpression +was observed at the invasive edges of the tumors (P = 0.001). Galectin-3 +overexpression is more profound in early stages of papillary carcinoma, and its +expression intensity decreases during tumor progression. This finding is +consistent with roles for galectin-3 in cell adhesion to other tumor cells and +the matrix. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-008-9033-3 +PMID: 18581271 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1084. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(10):707-17. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.03.011. Epub 2008 +Jun 24. + +Relationship of Ki67, TP53, MDM-2 and BCL-2 expressions with WHO 1973 and +WHO/ISUP grades, tumor category and overall patient survival in urothelial tumors +of the bladder. + +Gönül II(1), Akyürek N, Dursun A, Küpeli B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. +dripek@gmail.com + +Using the 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of Urological +Pathology (WHO/ISUP) (2004 WHO), 1999 WHO/ISUP, and 1973 WHO classifications, we +examined Ki67, BCL-2, TP53, and MDM-2 expressions in invasive and noninvasive +urothelial neoplasias of the bladder of 72 patients, and compared the results +regarding tumor category and grade with clinical outcome to determine the +clinicopathological relevance of these classifications. Ki67 and TP53 expressions +were correlated with tumor grades of the 1973 WHO classification, and they also +distinguished "papillary urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential" from +other WHO/ISUP grades (p < 0.05). No difference was observed for Ki67 and TP53 +expressions between the other WHO/ISUP grades (p > 0.05). Neither tumor grade nor +tumor category correlated with MDM-2 or BCL-2 expressions (p > 0.05). WHO/ISUP +classifications are obviously not superior to the 1973 WHO classification for +grading urothelial neoplasia of the bladder. However, if the "papillary +urothelial neoplasm with low malignant potential" is distinguished from grade 1 +tumors of the 1973 WHO classification, more precise prognostic information may be +obtained. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.03.011 +PMID: 18572327 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1085. Tissue Antigens. 2008 Aug;72(2):162-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01076.x. +Epub 2008 Jun 28. + +Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with +sarcoidosis. + +Seyhan EC(1), Cetinkaya E, Altin S, Gunluoglu MZ, Demir A, Koksal V, Issever H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery +Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. drekremcs@yahoo.com + +Polymorphism at +813 locus of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene is +considered to decrease predisposition to sarcoidosis. Our study aimed to +investigate the roles of this polymorphism in the development and extent of +sarcoidosis. We examined polymorphisms of the VEGF gene in 90 cases with +histopathological diagnosis of sarcoidosis and in 110 healthy subjects. VEGF +813 +gene polymorphisms were determined using a polymerase chain reaction-based method +after DNA isolation. A significant increase in the frequency of the T allele was +found in healthy subjects (odds ratio 0.55; 95% confidence interval 0.32-0.97, +P<0.05). Our results suggest that increase in rarer T allele at + 813 locus of +VEGF gene may diminish susceptibility to sarcoidosis in Turkish population. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01076.x +PMID: 18554246 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1086. Am J Clin Pathol. 2008 Jul;130(1):28-33. doi: 10.1309/3YJG2AWU06H0NX8G. + +Comparative study of adhesion molecule expression in nodular lesions of Behçet +syndrome and other forms of panniculitis. + +Demirkesen C(1), Tüzüner N, Senocak M, Türkmen I, Aki H, Kepil N, Mat C, Yazici +H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Adhesion molecules have a role in many vasculitic disorders. Our aim was to +evaluate the status of adhesion molecules in nodular lesions of Behçet syndrome +(BS) and compare them with results for the 2 most common types of panniculitis, +erythema nodosum (EN) and nodular vasculitis (NV). We included the data for 28 +patients with nodular lesions of BS, 24 with EN, and 22 with NV. A panel of +monoclonal antibodies against E-selectin, P-selectin, vascular cell adhesion +molecule-1, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular +adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 were applied. The distribution and intensity of +adhesion molecules were assessed. There were no statistically significant +differences between the BS and control groups in regard to these adhesion +molecules except for ICAM-1. The percentage of strongly ICAM-1-stained +endothelial cells in subcutaneous fat tissue in relation to the total number of +endothelial cells was the lowest in BS (P= .0208). Because many lesions of BS +were related to an enhanced inflammatory response, the lower percentage of ICAM-1 +expression seems counterintuitive. + +DOI: 10.1309/3YJG2AWU06H0NX8G +PMID: 18550467 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1087. Acta Cytol. 2008 May-Jun;52(3):309-12. + +Duration of renal failure as risk factor for conjunctival squamous metaplasia. + +Demir N(1), Altay M, Ozer E, Unlü N, Duranay M, Ustün H, Duman S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To assess ocular surface changes in patients with chronic renal +failure (CRF), to compare the results with the duration of illness. +STUDY DESIGN: Impression cytology from 48 patients with CRF on regular +hemodialysis and 16 age- and sex-matched control subjects were studied. Specimens +were taken from the temporal bulbar conjunctiva using cellulose acetate filter +paper. +RESULTS: Among the patients with CRF who were ill for 0-10 years, 25 patients +(78.1%) disclosed grade 0-1, and 7 patients (21.9%) disclosed grade 2-3 cytologic +changes, whereas in those with the duration of CRF > 10 years, 9 patients (56.2%) +had grade 0-1 and 7 patients (43.8%) had grade 2-3 changes. Specimens from the +control group revealed 93.8% grade 0-1 and 6.2% grade 2-3 changes (p < 0.05). +CONCLUSION: The ocular surfaces of patients with CRF differ significantly from +those of normal individuals, and the severity of conjunctival changes is related +to the duration of CRF. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325512 +PMID: 18540295 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1088. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(9):649-53. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.04.004. Epub 2008 +Jun 9. + +Testicular persistence of Parvovirus B19: evidence for preferential infection of +germ cell tumors. + +Ergunay K(1), Tezel GG, Dogan AI, Ozen H, Sirin G, Ozbay M, Karabulut E, +Ustacelebi S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. +ekoray@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Human Parvovirus B19 has previously been implicated in the pathogenesis of +testicular germ cell tumors, but this could not have been confirmed. This study +was designed to investigate the testicular persistence of Parvovirus B19 and +possible associations with germ cell tumors. Paraffin-embedded or fresh tissues +from 36 germ cell tumors, 20 germ cell aplasias, 26 normal testicular tissues, 20 +liver tissues, and 20 spleen tissues were evaluated by two different molecular +assays: a nested PCR for Parvovirus B19 capsid genes and a commercial +quantitative real-time PCR. Positive results were further confirmed by another +commercial real-time PCR assay. Viral DNA was detected in 3 of 36 (8.3%) germ +cell tumors, but not in other groups. Viral loads observed in all positive +samples were less than 20 IU/reaction, suggesting very low levels of viral +replication or latency. These results either directly or indirectly imply the +involvement of Parvovirus B19 with testicular germ cell tumors. Viral persistence +in normal testis, germ cell aplasia tissues, or hepatic/splenic tissues was not +observed in this study. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.04.004 +PMID: 18539403 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1089. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008 Jul;36(7):478-84. doi: 10.1002/dc.20834. + +Is it possible to start the treatment based on immediate cytologic evaluation of +core needle biopsy of the spinal lesions? + +Rezanko T(1), Sucu HK, Akkalp A, Tunakan M, Sari A, Minoglu M, Bolat B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. rezankoa@yahoo.com + +Core needle biopsy is widely used to diagnose spinal lesions. Final +histopathological report of the specimen usually can be given after several days. +These several days delay may prevent early treatment in some patients. Our aim +was to investigate if treatment of spinal lesions could be started according to +the immediate cytologic evaluation of the core needle biopsy. The cytological +materials of the 213 core needle spinal biopsy were prepared immediately after +biopsy procedure. Of these biopsies, only 101 core needle biopsy had a final +diagnosis which formed the backbone of the current study. Cytological materials +of these cases were compared with both histopathologic results of the core biopsy +and with final diagnosis obtained by open surgery or clinical follow up. +According to final diagnoses 40 patients had infections, 59 patients had +neoplasms and 2 patients had no pathology. When the diagnosis that determines the +treatment is considered, the overall success rates (positive predictive +value:PPV) of cytology and histology were 0.65 and 0.76 respectively. Moreover +when the specific diagnosis were analyzed separetely in the subgroups of +tuberculous infection, lymphoma and plasmacytoma; PPV of both cytological and +histological assessments was 1.00. In spinal metastasis, PPV was 0.97 for +cytology and 1.00 for histology. Rapid cytologic interpretation of core needle +biopsy material is a useful and reliable tool to determine the spinal lesions +which require urgent treatment. When the cytological specimen reveals the +diagnosis of spinal metastasis, lymphoma, plasmacytoma or tuberculosis, the +treatment may be started without waiting the result of the histological +examination. + +(c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20834 +PMID: 18528885 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1090. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Aug;60(4-5):391-6. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.001. Epub +2008 Jun 2. + +Toxic effects of anatoxin-a on testes and sperm counts of male mice. + +Yavasoglu A(1), Karaaslan MA, Uyanikgil Y, Sayim F, Ates U, Yavasoglu NU. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, +35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. + +Anatoxin-a, a potent neurotoxin, is one of a number of toxins produced by +cyanobacteria especially some strains of Anabaena. Toxic cyanobacteria are found +worldwide in inland and coastal water environments. The present study was +performed to evaluate the toxicity of anatoxin-a on testes and sperm counts of +male mice. The animals of the treatment groups were administered with 50, 100 and +150microg/kg/day anatoxin-a for seven consecutive days by intraperitoneal (i.p.) +route. Although there were no significant changes in body weight gain, and +absolute and relative testes weights, absolute and relative weights of cauda +epididymis reduced significantly in the 100 and 150microg/kg groups when compared +with control group. The number of sperm count in cauda epididymis was reduced +dose dependently in all treatment groups compared with control animals. +Anatoxin-a caused dose-dependent histopathological changes in the testes of mice +such as degenerations in seminiferous tubules, intercellular disassociation of +spermatogenetic cell lines, sloughing of germ cells into tubular lumen, +vacuolisation in Sertoli cells and loss of germ cells. The epithelial thickness +of seminiferous tubules decreased significantly in all treatment groups in a +dose-dependent manner. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.001 +PMID: 18514498 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1091. Acta Cytol. 2008 Mar-Apr;52(2):247-50. + +Cystic fluid and fine needle aspiration cytopathology of cystic adult granulosa +cell tumor of the ovary: a case report. + +Ozkara SK(1), Turan G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Gebze, +Kocaeli, Turkey. emrecan1999@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of +ovarian cysts, especially in the young and when a nonneoplastic cyst is +suspected. A case is presented with its cystic fluid, FNA and imprint +cytopathology findings diagnosed as cystic adult granulosa cell tumor of the +ovary (AGCT). +CASE: Cystic fluid and FNA material of a 24-year-old female patient with a +left-sided cystic ovarian mass 11.5 cm in diameter was sent intraoperatively for +cytopathologic examination. In aspiration cytopathology of AGCT, the presence of +regular tumor cells with or without nuclear grooves arranged in a follicular +pattern mimicking a Call-Exner body has been regarded as the characteristic +cellular feature of the tumor. +CONCLUSION: For correct interpretation of the cytopathologic findings, close +communication with the clinician performing the aspiration is of vital +importance. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325492 +PMID: 18500005 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1092. Acta Cytol. 2008 Mar-Apr;52(2):235-9. + +Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a case report. + +Tokyol C(1), Yilmaz MD, Ekici O, Aktepe F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, Afyon, +Turkey. ctokyol@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma is a neoplastic proliferation +of spindled to ovoid cells showing morphologic and phenotypic features of +follicular dendritic cells. It is a rare tumor that can present in nodal and +extranodal sites. +CASE: A 41-year-old woman presented with a 6-week history of an enlarging lump in +her neck. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was performed. FNA findings led to the +diagnosis of malignant tumor. We suggested that it was an FDC sarcoma. The tumor +was excised. On microscopic examination, the tumor largely replaced the lymph +node. It was composed of oval to spindle cells arranged in sheets and interlacing +fascicles with a storiform pattern. The tumor cells showed widespread +immunopositivity for CD21. Based on these findings the diagnosis of FDC sarcoma +was made. Two years later local recurrence occurred. +CONCLUSION: FDC sarcoma has characteristic FNA findings. Once FDC sarcoma is +suspected cytologically or histologically, immunohistochemical stains must be +performed for reaching the correct diagnosis. Awareness of this rare entity is +necessary to avoid its underrecognition. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325490 +PMID: 18500003 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1093. Neuropathology. 2009 Feb;29(1):81-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00922.x. Epub +2008 May 21. + +Spherical amyloid deposition in a prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma. + +Gul S(1), Bahadir B, Dusak A, Kalayci M, Edebali N, Acikgoz B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Zonguldak Karaelmas University Medical School, +Zonguldak, Turkey. drsanser@yahoo.com + +Erratum in + Neuropathology. 2009 Apr;29(2):208. + +A 41-year-old man presented with headache, right-sided ophthalmic pain and visual +deficit. His neurological examination was normal except for bitemporal +hemianopsia and right lower quadranopsia. MRI demonstrated a mass arising from +the pituitary gland. Hormonal analysis revealed an elevated prolactin level of +4700 ng/mL (normal 4.04-15.2 ng/mL). MRI revealed hypointense signal on +T2-weighted images. Moreover, we also concluded that foci with no intravenous +contrast enhancement represent the amyloid deposits. The patient underwent +trans-sphenoidal resection of the pituitary adenoma. Histological examination +revealed an adenoma with spheroid amyloid deposits adjacent to prolactin-staining +adenoma cells. The patient recovered from the surgery without complications. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00922.x +PMID: 18498287 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1094. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(8):527-36. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.002. Epub 2008 +May 6. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and its association with angiogenesis, Helicobacter +pylori, and clinicopathologic characteristics of gastric carcinoma. + +Yamac D(1), Ayyildiz T, Coşkun U, Akyürek N, Dursun A, Seckin S, Koybasioglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is upregulated in gastric carcinoma, and its increased +levels were found to have a prognostic significance in some studies. Both +angiogenesis and Helicobacter pylori infection have been reported to be +associated with COX-2 expression of gastric cancer in recent studies. In this +study, COX-2 expression and its association with CD31 staining, H.-pylori +infection, and well-known clinicopathological factors were investigated in 65 +gastric cancer patients. COX-2 and CD31 expression assessment was done by +immunohistochemical methods. Whartin Starry stain was performed for H.-pylori +infection. Of 65 patients, 32 (49%) revealed intense COX-2 immunostaining. Among +various clinicopathologic characteristics, COX-2 expression was inversely +correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, and lymph node status. Thirty-two (49%) +patients revealed intense CD31 immunostaining. Among various clinicopathologic +characteristics, CD31 expression was associated only with lymph node metastasis. +COX-2 expression was not correlated with CD31 staining and H.-pylori infection. +Both COX-2 and CD31 staining had no prognostic significance. In conclusion, we +found that COX-2 expression was significantly higher in earlier stages of gastric +cancer. It can be suggested that COX-2 expression may be important in the initial +development of gastric cancer but not in progression of the disease. Other +factors which may be associated with COX-2 in gastric cancer, including +angiogenesis and H.-pylori infection, should be investigated in further studies. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.002 +PMID: 18462890 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1095. Pathology. 2008 Jun;40(4):407-8. doi: 10.1080/00313020802036848. + +Test and Teach. Abnormal glands in the uterine cervix Part 1. Diagnosis: Ectopic +prostate tissue in the uterine cervix. + +Baydar DE(1), Himmetoglu C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +dertoy@hacettepe.edu.tr + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020802036848 +PMID: 18446633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1096. Vet Pathol. 2008 Mar;45(2):191-6. doi: 10.1354/vp.45-2-191. + +Concurrent peste des petits ruminants virus and pestivirus infection in stillborn +twin lambs. + +Kul O(1), Kabakci N, Ozkul A, Kalender H, Atmaca HT. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kirikkale University, +Yahsihan, Kirikkale, Turkey. oguzkul72@yahoo.com + +Concurrent infection with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and pestivirus +was diagnosed in stillborn twin lambs. With the flock history, the findings of +epidermal syncytial cells and necrotizing bronchitis/bronchiolitis prompted +testing for PPRV infection, and PPRV antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry +(IHC) in the skin, lungs, kidneys, rumen, and thymus. Macroscopic anomalies that +were typical of border disease included scoliosis, brachygnathism, prognathism, +arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, and hairy fleece; +pestiviral antigen was detected by IHC in the brain, liver, lungs, and kidneys. +Tissues from both lambs were positive by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain +reaction (RT-PCR) for PPRV and pestivirus. To the authors' knowledge, PPR has not +been reported previously as a congenital infection or in combination with +pestiviral infection. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-2-191 +PMID: 18424832 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1097. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(8):537-44. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.02.004. Epub 2008 +Apr 18. + +Is increased colon subepithelial collagen layer thickness in diabetic patients +related to collagenous colitis? An immunohistochemical study. + +Unal A(1), Guven K, Yurci A, Torun E, Gursoy S, Baskol M, Ozturk F, Arsav V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Erciyes University Medical School, Kayseri, +Turkey. aydinunal2003@gmail.com + +In this study, we evaluated immunohistochemically whether increased thickness of +the colon subepithelial collagen layer in diabetic patients relates to +collagenous colitis. A total of 100 patients (25 in each group) were included in +this study. There were diabetic patients with chronic diarrhea in the first +group, diabetic patients without chronic diarrhea in the second group, +non-diabetic patients with chronic diarrhea in the third group, and control +patients in the fourth group. The endoscopic biopsy specimens were obtained from +the rectum, sigmoid colon, and descending colon. The thickness of the +subepithelial collagen layer was measured using the ocular micrometer method. The +immunohistochemical staining was performed with type 1 collagen and fibronectin +antibody. The thickness of the colon subepithelial collagen layer in diabetic +patients with or without diarrhea was significantly greater than that in control +patients. This thickened subepithelial collagen layer in diabetic patients was +stained with fibronectin antibody, but not with type 1 collagen antibody in the +immunohistochemical study. These immunohistochemical staining characteristics +were not similar to those in collagenous colitis, but were similar to those in +normal subjects. Increased colon subepithelial collagen layer thickness in +diabetic patients does not relate to collagenous colitis. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.02.004 +PMID: 18423894 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1098. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008 May;36(5):303-10. doi: 10.1002/dc.20809. + +Diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology of palpable breast masses: +an SROC curve with fixed and random effects linear meta-regression models. + +Akçil M(1), Karaağaoğlu E, Demirhan B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Başkent University, Ankara, +Turkey. matemel@baskent.edu.tr + +We used various meta-analytic methods to compare 25 studies describing +fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytologic analyses performed from 1984 to 2007 on +palpable breast masses. We found that in the 25 studies examined, the sensitivity +ranged from 78% to 100%, the specificity ranged from 76% to 100%, and the +diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) ranged from 15.83 to 33 198. The overall diagnostic +accuracy was found to be as follows: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92-0.94) for sensitivity, +0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.98) for specificity, and 505.209 (95% CI: 273.08-934.95) for +the DOR. The overall diagnostic accuracy according to the results of summary +receiving operating characteristic (SROC) curve analysis was 0.95 +/- 0.0032, and +the overall weighted area under the (receiving operating characteristic [ROC]) +curve (AUC) was 0.99 +/- 0.0014. The DOR values did not show a large variation in +the various positivity threshold values. However, the results of those studies +had some heterogeneity. The four covariates that were added to the standard SROC +model to evaluate variations in the results of the studies were the year of +publication, the number of aspirations, the percentage of insufficient material, +and the study design. The relative diagnostic accuracy of studies performed after +1990 was 3.98 times higher than that of studies performed before 1990. The +relative DOR (RDOR) value was also found to be statistically significant (95% CI: +1.22-13.02). That result may be attributed to the technologic improvements in +diagnostic tools over the years. Although it was not statistically significant, +an increase in the number of aspirations caused an increase in the RDOR of the +FNA cytology (95% CI: 0.52-8.11). In contrast, increasing the percent of +insufficient material caused a statistically insignificant but clinically +significant decrease in the RDOR of FNA (RDOR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.21-2.98). In +conclusion, our meta-analysis has shown that FNA cytologic analysis of palpable +breast masses is highly accurate in the diagnostic differentiation of benign from +malignant tumors. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20809 +PMID: 18418880 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1099. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2008 Nov-Dec;17(6):392-8. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2008.02.006. +Epub 2008 Apr 15. + +Presence of fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression in human epicardial adipose +tissue in metabolic syndrome. + +Vural B(1), Atalar F, Ciftci C, Demirkan A, Susleyici-Duman B, Gunay D, Akpinar +B, Sagbas E, Ozbek U, Buyukdevrim AS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul +University, Istanbul, Turkey. vburcak@istanbul.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of different clinical manifestations +that are risk factors for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disorders. +Fatty-acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4/aP2), which is highly expressed in +adipocytes, specifically exerts intracellular lipid trafficking. A high level of +fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression present in obese subjects has also been +found in mice and humans, especially in macrophages at atherosclerotic lesions. +An in vivo study demonstrated that the inhibitor of aP2 would be a new +therapeutic agent for treating metabolic diseases in mice. We have investigated +the mRNA expression of fatty-acid-binding protein 4 in human epicardial adipose +and ascending aorta tissues of metabolic syndrome and nonmetabolic syndrome +patients. +METHODS: Paired epicardial adipose and ascending aorta tissue samples were +obtained from 10 metabolic syndrome patients and 4 nonmetabolic syndrome patients +during coronary bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement therapy, +respectively. Fatty-acid-binding protein 4 gene expression was determined by +quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. +RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression of epicardial +adipose tissue was significantly higher in metabolic syndrome patients than in +nonmetabolic syndrome controls (P<.05). In metabolic syndrome patients, +fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression in epicardial adipose tissue was 66 times +higher than fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression in ascending aorta tissue. +The expression level of fatty-acid-binding protein 4 in epicardial adipose tissue +was found to be significantly correlated with waist circumference in all subjects +(r=.535, P<.05). Our data showed for the first time that human epicardial adipose +and ascending aorta tissues express fatty-acid-binding protein 4 and that its +level of expression in epicardial adipose tissues of metabolic syndrome patients +is elevated. Increased fatty-acid-binding protein 4 gene expression in epicardial +adipose tissues of metabolic syndrome patients led us think that +fatty-acid-binding protein 4 might be an important factor in metabolic syndrome. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2008.02.006 +PMID: 18417367 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1100. Pathol Oncol Res. 2008 Sep;14(3):261-6. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9027-y. Epub 2008 +Apr 16. + +No strong association between HER-2/neu protein overexpression and gene +amplification in high-grade invasive urothelial carcinomas. + +Caner V(1), Turk NS, Duzcan F, Tufan NL, Kelten EC, Zencir S, Dodurga Y, Bagci H, +Duzcan SE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, +Denizli, Turkey. + +The generation of urothelial carcinoma is caused by the accumulation of various +molecular changes, as in most malignancies. There are conflicting data about the +status of HER-2/neu oncogene in urothelial carcinomas. The aim of this study was +to determine the status of HER-2/neu oncogene in high-grade invasive urothelial +carcinoma of urinary bladder both in protein and DNA level. We evaluated +HER-2/neu protein overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gene +amplification by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and real-time +quantitative PCR in paraffin-embedded samples of high-grade invasive urothelial +carcinoma obtained from 36 patients. Polysomy 17 was also assessed by FISH. +Immunohistochemically, HER-2/neu protein overexpression was observed in 22 +(61.1%) tumors (ten tumors with score 3+ and 12 with score 2+). Fourteen of 36 +tumors (38.9%) were evaluated as negative (score 0 or 1+). Complete concordance +between FISH and the PCR was seen in all of the samples scored as 0 and 1+ by +IHC. HER-2/neu gene amplification was observed in three of 27 (11.1%) tumors by +FISH (nine samples were non-informative) and in eight of 36 (22.2%) tumors by the +PCR. The complete concordance between HER2-2/neu protein overexpression and gene +amplification was seen only in three of 27 tumors. Polysomy 17 was seen in nine +tumors (33.3%). The results indicated that, in contrast to breast cancer, there +was no strong association between HER-2/neu overexpression and gene amplification +in invasive urothelial carcinomas, and polysomy 17 was higher in tumors showing +HER-2/neu overexpression. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9027-y +PMID: 18415713 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1101. Pathol Oncol Res. 2008 Dec;14(4):457-60. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9041-0. Epub +2008 Apr 16. + +The significance of Galectin-3 expression in the immunocytochemical evaluation of +thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Ersoz S(1), Sert H, Yandi M, Erem C, Mungan S, Ersoz HO, Cobanoglu U, +Hacihasanoglu A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, +Turkey. ersozs@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of immunohistochemical +expression of Galectin-3 in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant +thyroid nodules. We studied the fine needle aspiration specimens of 38 patients +who had evaluated for nodular goiter and undergone a thyroid surgery between +2004-2005. Slides had been stained immunocytochemically with Galectin-3. The +cytoplasmic staining of Galectin-3 was analyzed. Three cases of five follicular +carcinomas had positive staining for Galectin-3, while two had not. Two cases +with follicular adenomas were negative for Galectin-3. Five cases of six +papillary carcinomas had positive staining for Galectin-3, while one case (the +case with a papillary microcarcinoma) had not. The single cases with medullary +and anaplastic carcinomas were negative for Galectin-3. None of the cases with a +benign thyroid pathology had positive staining for Galectin-3. Galectin-3 +immunocytochemical staining, had a sensitivity of 61.5%, specificity of 100%, +positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 83.3% for +thyroid malignancies. For the evaluation of follicular neoplasm, Galectin-3 +immunocytochemical staining had a sensitivity of 60%, specificity of 100%, +positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 50%. +Galectin-3 expression in thyrocytes is a strong indicator of a malignant +proliferative lesion especially for papillary and to an extent in follicular +thyroid neoplasms. Galectin-3 could be used as a supplementary marker for +cytological diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9041-0 +PMID: 18415710 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1102. Neuropathology. 2008 Oct;28(5):547-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00885.x. +Epub 2008 Apr 11. + +Paraganglioma in pituitary fossa. + +Ozüm U(1), Eğilmez R, Yildirim A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, +Turkey. ozum@cumhuriyet.edu.tr + +Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors of paraganglionic tissue which are +extremely rare in the sellar area. We present a case of sellar paraganglioma with +parasellar and suprasellar extension in a 70-year-old man who presented with +headache. CT demonstrated sellar mass with suprasellar and right parasellar +extension. The lesion was removed subtotally via a trans-sphenoidal approach. +Histopathological diagnosis was paraganglioma. Differential diagnosis between +paragangliomas and unusual types of pituitary adenomas, especially null-cell +adenomas, is made by presence of cell nests (Zellballen) in paraganglioma, lack +of immunopositivity for pituitary hormones, cytoplasmic immunopositivity for +chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase, and immunonegativity for cytokeratin +19, cytokeratin 20 and endomysial antibody. In the case of a mass in the sellar +region, paraganglioma, although rare, should be included in the differential +diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00885.x +PMID: 18410271 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1103. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Aug;60(4-5):289-94. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.11.004. Epub +2008 Apr 14. + +Antioxidant effects of methionine, alpha-lipoic acid, N-acetylcysteine and +homocysteine on lead-induced oxidative stress to erythrocytes in rats. + +Caylak E(1), Aytekin M, Halifeoglu I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat University, +Medical School, Elazig, Turkey. + +Lead, widely used in industry, is a great environmental health problem. Many +studies have examined its effects on the health of both humans and animals. +Experimental studies have shown that sulphur-containing antioxidants have +beneficial effects against the detrimental properties of lead. The present study +was designed to investigate markers of oxidative stress (hemoglobin (Hb) in whole +blood, malondialdehyde (MDA) in sera; superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and +glutathione peroxidise (GSH-Px) in erythrocyte hemolysate and vitamins A and E in +plasma) in rats given lead (2000ppm) with or without sulphur-containing +antioxidants (l-methionine (Met) (100mg/kg/day), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) +(800mg/kg/day), l-homocysteine (Hcy) (25mg/kg/day), lipoic acid (LA) +(50mg/kg/day)) in their water for 5 weeks. In the lead group, Hb and plasma +vitamin E levels were significantly lower whereas MDA levels were significantly +higher compared to controls (p<0.05). Hb levels in lead-methionine and lead-LA +groups were significantly higher than the lead group (p<0.01). MDA levels were +reduced in all groups compared to the lead group (p<0.01). There was a decrease +below control values in erythrocyte SOD (p<0.01) and GSH-Px (p<0.05) levels in +the lead-LA group. Plasma vitamin A levels were significantly high in +lead-methionine group compared to lead group (p<0.01). In conclusion, the data +suggests that oxidative stress induced by lead is reduced by sulphur-containing +compounds. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.11.004 +PMID: 18407480 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1104. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2009 Jan-Feb;18(1):53-6. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2007.08.003. +Epub 2007 Oct 24. + +Multiple hydatid cystectomy of the heart necessitating LIMA to LAD anastomosis in +a young patient. + +Sirlak M(1), Ozcinar E, Eren NT, Eryilmaz S, Uysalel A, Enneli D, Ozyurda U. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center, University of Ankara +School of Medicine, 06340 Ankara, Turkey. mustafa.sirlak@gmail.com + +Cardiac hydatid disease is very rare, even in endemic regions. Clinical +manifestations included chest pain, anaphylactic shock, constrictive +pericarditis, congestive heart failure, and arterial embolism. Surgery is the +exclusive therapy, where the cysts are excised during open-heart surgery. The +surgical approach therefore must be performed carefully, given the potential +complications that surgery may bring. Because of the risk of potentially lethal +complications, early diagnosis and definitive treatment are important. A +32-year-old male patient was admitted with chest pain, weight loss, lethargy, and +dizziness. On the transesophageal echocardiography study, a cystic mass (2.5 x 3 +x 4.5 cm in dimension adjacent to the left ventricular posterior wall) that was +divided into two by a septum was noted. Diagnosis of hydatidosis was confirmed +with serologic tests (ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence). Echinococcosis, +also known as hydatid disease, is common in several regions of the world, for +example, the Mediterranean countries, the Middle East, South America, and East +Africa. While performing pericystectomy in the anterior left ventricular wall, we +noticed that there were three cysts, contrary to the preoperative diagnosis +pointing a single one, and it was impossible to effectively complete the +procedure without compromising anterosuperiorly displaced left anterior +descending artery (LAD). We decided to go on bypass, arrest the heart, and +complete the pericystectomy at the cost of injuring LAD and grafting the left +internal mammary artery to LAD. Microscopic examination of the cyst showed a +germinal layer and an avascular, eosinophilic, chitinous layer that confirmed the +diagnosis of hydatid cyst. The patient was discharged on the fifth postoperative +day on albendazole medication. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2007.08.003 +PMID: 18402806 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1105. Pathol Oncol Res. 2008 Dec;14(4):493-5. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9029-9. Epub 2008 +Apr 2. + +Skip metastase on the left neck lymph nodes of the prostatic adenocarcinoma with +neuroendocrine differentiation and accompanying thyroid micropapillary carcinoma. + +Sagnak L(1), Topaloglu H, Gucuk O, Han U, Ersoy H. + +Author information: +(1)Yildirim Beyazit Training Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey. +leventsagnak@gmail.com + +We discuss here the thyroid micropapillary carcinoma that was detected +incidentally when investigating the primary focus of the left neck multiple lymph +node metastases occurring 8 months later in a patient of ours, whose pathological +examination of radical prostatectomy and bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection +was reported to be pT3N0 and whole body scanning for metastases, was negative. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9029-9 +PMID: 18386164 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1106. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(5):305-14. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.013. + +The significance of immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, p53, p21, and p16 in +meningiomas tissue arrays. + +Terzi A(1), Saglam EA, Barak A, Soylemezoglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Sihhiye, 06100 +Ankara, Turkey. + +Although histologic grading of meningiomas has prognostic and clinical +implications, it is difficult in some cases to predict the outcome of patients. +There have been several efforts to evaluate the use of different +immunohistochemical markers for predicting meningioma prognosis. We analyzed the +immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, p53, p21, p16, and PTEN proteins in 130 +meningiomas (64 benign, 39 atypical, and 27 malignant meningiomas) using tissue +microarray. The tumors were graded according to the World Health Organization +classification. There was a statistically significant correlation between the +expression of Ki-67, p53, p21, p16, and the grade of meningiomas (p0.001). By +ordinal logistic regression, p53 and Ki-67 were significantly associated with +grade, and an increase of 1% in the labeling index of these markers resulted in +an increase in the risk of raising the grade by 2.17 and 1.49, respectively. +Histological grade, p53, Ki-67 labeling indices, and overexpression of p16 were +strongly associated with decreased event-free survival in univariate analysis. In +contrast, multivariate analysis revealed that only tumor grade is an independent +factor for predicting meningioma recurrence. We conclude that the Ki-67 and p53 +labeling indices are useful additional tools in discriminating atypical from +benign or anaplastic meningiomas, especially in histological borderline cases. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.013 +PMID: 18374497 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1107. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2007 Sep-Dec;26(5-6):255-60. doi: +10.1080/15513810701818411. + +Umbilical heteropagous twinning: a case report. + +Ozturk H(1), Otcu S, Ozturk H, Duran H. + +Author information: +(1)Medical School, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Abant Izzet Baysal +University, Bolu, Turkey. ozturkhayrettin@hotmail.com + +Heteropagous conjoined twins are rare and umbilical heteropagous conjoined twins +are extremely rare. We present a case with umbilical heteropagous conjoined twins +and discuss the diagnosis and management. The parasitic component of heteropagous +can be separated and treated successfully in the majority of cases. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513810701818411 +PMID: 18363158 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1108. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2007 Sep-Dec;26(5-6):223-8. doi: 10.1080/15513810701818379. + +Hydrops fetalis in a neonate with down syndrome, transient myeloproliferative +disorder and hepatic fibrosis. + +Anuk D(1), Tarcan A, Alioglu B, Avci Z, Haberal N, Ozyurek E, Ozbek N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. denizanuk@yahoo.com + +Transient myeloproliferative disorder is a self limiting disorder characterized +by leukocytosis with the presence of megakaryoblasts in the peripheral blood and +bone marrow, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organomegaly. It occurs in +approximately 10% of newborn infants with Down syndrome. Hepatic fibrosis is seen +in the severe form of transient myeloproliferative disorder with Down syndrome +that is characterized by diffuse intralobular sinusoidal fibrosis and +extramedullary hematopoesis. We describe a patient with hydrops fetalis, Down +syndrome, and transient myeloproliferative disorder. We suggest that patients +with the severe form of transient myeloproliferative disorder should be examined +for hepatic fibrosis. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513810701818379 +PMID: 18363154 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1109. Pathol Oncol Res. 2008 Mar;14(1):79-83. doi: 10.1007/s12253-008-9002-7. Epub 2008 +Mar 18. + +The diagnostic value of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in gastric +cancer. + +Camlica H(1), Duranyildiz D, Oguz H, Oral EN, Yasasever V. + +Author information: +(1)Preventive Oncology, Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute of Oncology, +University of Istanbul, Capa, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey. hcamlica@istanbul.edu.tr + +The present study was conducted to investigate the sensitivity, specificity, +predictive values and accuracy of serum MIF, CEA, CA 19-9 levels and their +various combinations in patients with gastric cancer. Study group consists of +pathologically verified, gastric cancer (n = 63) and apparently healthy controls +(n = 50). Serum MIF concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent +assay (ELISA). Serum values of patients were significantly higher than the +controls (p = 0.011). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, predictive values +and accuracies were calculated for each marker and their various combinations. +The best results were achieved with the marker combination of MIF-CEA-CA 19-9 and +MIF-CEA combination. In our opinion, the combination of the markers MIF-CEA is a +valuable diagnostic tool for gastric cancer. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9002-7 +PMID: 18347935 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1110. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(6):379-87. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.011. Epub 2008 +Mar 17. + +Maspin overexpression correlates with increased expression of vascular +endothelial growth factors A, C, and D in human ovarian carcinoma. + +Bolat F(1), Gumurdulu D, Erkanli S, Kayaselcuk F, Zeren H, Ali Vardar M, Kuscu E. + +Author information: +(1)Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. drfilizbolat@yahoo.com + +The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, including VEGFA, VEGFC, and +VEGFD, plays an essential role in the angiogenesis of both pathologic and +nonpathologic conditions. Maspin belongs to the serpin superfamily and has been +identified as a tumor suppressor because it inhibits motility, invasion, and +angiogenesis. Few studies have compared maspin with VEGF in ovarian carcinoma. +Therefore, we investigated the expression and correlation of maspin, VEGFA, +VEGFC, and VEGFD with the tumorigenesis of the ovary and clinicopathologic +variables. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined maspin, VEGFA, VEGFC, and +VEGFD expression in 60 ovarian carcinoma tissues (35 serous papillary carcinomas, +18 endometrioid carcinomas, and 7 primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas). Staining +of cells was scored as +2 if more than 50% of the cells were positive, as +1 if +less than 50% of the cells were positive, and as negative if none of the cells +stained positive. Overexpression of maspin, VEGFC, and VEGFD was significantly +associated with high tumor grade (P<.001, P=.004, P<.001, respectively), clinical +stage (P=.002, .01, and .001, respectively), the presence of ascites (P<.001, +P=.03, and P=.001, respectively), and the presence of metastatic lymph nodes +(P=.002, P<.001, and P<.001, respectively). Maspin was correlated with VEGFA +(P=.01), VEGFC (P<.001), and VEGFD (P<.001). The VEGFA score was positively +correlated with high tumor grade (P=.04), lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) +(P<.001), International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage +(P=.009), maspin, VEGFC (P=.003), and VEGFD (P=.003), but it was not correlated +with the presence of ascites and metastatic lymph nodes. Maspin, VEGFC, and VEGFD +are expressed in ovarian tumors with a poor prognostic parameters, and seem to +play a role in ovarian cancer angiogenesis, progression, and lymph node +metastases. Our results indicate that in contrast to most other carcinomas, +maspin expression is directly associated with the biological aggressiveness of +ovarian carcinoma. These results may offer new insights regarding the role of +maspin in ovarian cancer and might also affect the diagnosis and treatment +strategies. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.011 +PMID: 18343598 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1111. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(6):367-71. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.012. Epub 2008 +Mar 14. + +Apocrine carcinomas of the breast in Turkish women: hormone receptors, c-erbB-2 +and p53 immunoexpression. + +Kaya H(1), Bozkurt SU, Erbarut I, Djamgoz MB. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University Hospital, Altunizade, Istanbul +81190, Turkey. hkaya@superonline.com + +The aims of this study were twofold: (i) to determine the occurrence frequency of +apocrine carcinoma of the breast (ApBCa) in Turkish breast cancer (BCa) patients; +and (ii) to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone +receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR), gross cystic disease protein-15 +(GCDFP-15), c-erbB-2, and p53 in these cases. Six hundred and twenty-six cases of +BCa were studied immunohistochemically (streptoavidin-biotin horseradish +peroxidase method). The results of ApBCa were compared with those of invasive +ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified type (IDC-NOS) cases of similar grade. +Thirteen cases of ApBCa were encountered, accounting for 2.1% of all BCa cases. +Immunohistochemically, ApBCa positivity was as follows: GCDFP-15 (100%), ER +(39%), PR (8%), AR (54%), p53 (39%), and c-erbB-2 (85%). In the IDC-NOS group, +GCDFP-15* was expressed in less than 50% of the tumors. The occurrence +frequencies of the other markers were as follows: ER (69%), PR (69%)*, AR (46%), +c-erbB-2 (0%)*, and p53 (31%), (*) indicating significant differences between the +two groups. For Turkish BCa patients, (i) the occurrence rate of ApBCa (2.1%) was +high; and (ii) the following combination would allow for an immunohistochemical +identification of ApBCa: GCDFP-15(+), c-erbB-2(+), and PR(-). + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.012 +PMID: 18342452 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1112. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(6):359-65. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.003. Epub 2008 +Mar 11. + +CD117 expression in normal, neoplastic, inflammatory, and reactive lesions of the +thyroid. + +Aydin O(1), Yildiz L, Kefeli M, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Kurupelit 55139, Samsun, Turkey. uzaydin@yahoo.com + +The mutations of c-kit gene, which encodes a transmembrane receptor tyrosine +kinase (CD117-KIT) or activation of CD117, lead to the activation of signal +transduction cascades regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, chemotaxis, and +adhesion. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CD117 in +normal, inflammatory, neoplastic, and reactive lesions of the thyroid. Using +polyclonal anti-CD117 antibody, we performed immunohistochemical staining on +tissue blocks from 230 cases obtained from the archives of the Department of +Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University (Samsun, Turkey), collected between 1990 and +2006. Each slide was evaluated for extent and intensity of staining. Staining +extent was expressed as the percentage of stained cells. Staining of <10% of the +cells was accepted as negative. Staining intensity was evaluated only in positive +cases. By addition of the extent and intensity scores, the combined score was +calculated. In our study, the combined CD117 staining scores of neoplastic and +inflammatory groups were found to be higher than the reactive and normal groups. +Within the neoplastic group, papillary carcinomas differed from follicular +adenomas significantly, although papillary carcinomas showed no statistically +significant difference compared to follicular carcinomas. Immunohistochemical +CD117 positivity was detected in a wide range of neoplastic and inflammatory +thyroid diseases. The neoplastic group and, within them, the papillary carcinomas +showed a higher ratio of CD117 positivity. Although our results need to be +confirmed by other molecular and genetic studies, the high rate of positivity in +papillary carcinomas was one of the striking findings, which may result in novel +diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2008.01.003 +PMID: 18337018 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1113. Acta Cytol. 2008 Jan-Feb;52(1):99-104. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of mammary carcinoma with choriocarcinomatous +features: a report of 2 cases. + +Akbulut M(1), Zekioglu O, Ozdemir N, Kapkac M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Morfoloji +Binasi, Kinikli 20070, Denizli, Turkey. makbulut@pamukkale.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Neoplasms of the breast containing multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) +include both benign and malignant entities, such as benign soft tissue giant cell +tumors, atypical fibrous histiocytoma, sarcomas, metaplastic carcinomas and the +uncommon carcinomas containing osteoclast-like giant cells (OGC). Breast +carcinoma with choriocarcinomatous features (BCCF) is a distinct variant of +breast cancer. +CASES: We report the cytologic features, pathologic findings and +immunohistochemical profile in 2 cases of this unusual variant of breast +carcinoma. Two women aged 53 and 50 years women presented with a history of left +and right breast lump but no local lymphadenopathy, respectively. Fine needle +aspiration cytology (FNAC) of both cases revealed abundant MGC with highly +pleomorphic tumor cells in the hemorrhagic necrotic background. Both of the cases +were histopathologically diagnosed as BCCF. +CONCLUSION: Choriocarcinomatous differentiation with multinucleated +syncytiotrophoblast-like giant cells is extremely rare in breast tumors. Although +rare, FNAC of breast cancer with pleomorphic MGC requires careful search for +differential diagnosis; breast carcinoma with giant cell features +(choriocarcinomatous features, OGC features) must be differentiated from +metastatic tumors and other breast lesions containing giant cells. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325443 +PMID: 18323284 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1114. Acta Cytol. 2008 Jan-Feb;52(1):65-71. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the +breast: review of 37 cases with histologic correlation. + +Akbulut M(1), Zekioglu O, Kapkac M, Erhan Y, Ozdemir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To analyze fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) material from 37 +cases of breast glycogen-rich clear cell cancer (GRCC) and correlate +cytomorphologic features with histologic appearance to determine characteristics +of GRCC on FNAC. +STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed cytologic features of 37 cases of breast GRCC from the +archives of Ege University Hospital diagnosed between 1994 and 2006. +RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients with available aspirate and confirmed GRCC were +identified. The female patients ranged from 32 to 81 years (mean 52 years). The +initial cytologic diagnoses were adenocarcinoma for 27 and atypical or suspicious +for cancer for 10. The cytologic picture was characterized by hypercellular tumor +cells in loosely cohesive syncytial groups and some single cells. Most tumor +cells had abundant, finely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm or foamy to clear +cytoplasm with well-defined cytoplasmic membranes and moderate to marked nuclear +pleomorphism with prominent nucleoli. Histologic examination confirmed all cases +to be pure GRCC. +CONCLUSION: Breast GRCC is a rare, distinct category with cytologic features that +overlap considerably with those of other carcinomas. Awareness of variability in +cytomorphologic appearance of GRCC and routine assessment for glycogen facilitate +accurate diagnosis of these lesions by FNAC and enable prompt treatment of these +poor-prognosis breast cancers. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325436 +PMID: 18323277 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1115. APMIS. 2008 Feb;116(2):167-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00827.x. + +Plasma cell granuloma of the thyroid. + +Deniz K(1), Patiroğlu TE, Okten T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Turkey. +drkdeniz@yahoo.com + +We report two cases of thyroidal plasma cell granuloma. Both patients underwent +surgical resection after presenting with painless neck swelling. Histopathologic +examination of the specimens revealed plasmacytes infiltrating the thyroid +parenchyma and immunohistochemical studies showed the polyclonal nature of the +plasma cells. Plasma cell granuloma is a benign lesion and its appearance in the +thyroid gland is extremely rare. Eleven prior cases with thyroid localization +have been reported to date in the English literature. Nine of the plasma cell +granuloma cases occurred in women, four in men (including the present cases). The +clinicopathologic features and diagnostic difficulties of this rare entity are +described, and its relation to inflammatory pseudotumor of other sites is +discussed with a review of the literature. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00827.x +PMID: 18321371 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1116. APMIS. 2008 Feb;116(2):163-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00780.x. + +Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia mimicking small round cell tumor with novel +t(1;5)(q21;p13). + +Bozkurt SU(1), Berrak SG, Tugtepe H, Canpolat C, Palanduz S, Tecimer T. + +Author information: +(1)Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, +Turkey. subozkurt@gmail.com + +Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is a relatively rare form of acute leukemia that +has heterogeneous blast morphology and karyotypic abnormalities. An 8-month-old +boy with a retroperitoneal mass was diagnosed as having acute megakaryoblastic +leukemia that initially presented as small round cell tumor of childhood. Bone +marrow aspiration showed syncytial groups of atypical medium sized cells with +scant cytoplasm and fine nuclear chromatin. Retroperitoneal mass biopsy showed +several lymph nodes with cohesive clusters of neoplastic cells that demonstrated +expression of Factor VIII. Flow cytometric analysis of the second bone marrow +aspiration showed CD 61 positivity. Karyotypic analysis of bone marrow cells +showed a novel translocation, (1;5)(q21;p13). + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00780.x +PMID: 18321370 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1117. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Mar;29(1):49-54. doi: +10.1097/PAF.0b013e31815b4c80. + +The analysis of hormones and enzymes extracted from endocrine glands of the neck +region in deaths due to hanging. + +Senol E(1), Demirel B, Akar T, Gülbahar O, Bakar C, Bukan N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. + +Our study was designed to determine whether the hormone and enzyme levels that we +have mentioned in serum specimens can be used in postmortem examinations of the +cases of hanging or not. Our research includes the postmortem results of the +thyroid tissue pathologic examinations, serum levels of triiodothyronine (fT3), +thyroxine (fT4), thyrotropin (TSH), thyroglobulin, parathormone (PTH), +calcitonin, and amylase in cases of death due to hanging. The mean of fT3 and +thyroglobulin levels were higher in hanging cases than those of sudden death +cases. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In our study, we +obtained data demonstrating that high postmortem levels of free T3 and +thyroglobulin may be indicators of vital reaction in hanging cases. In such cases +of death, it seems that applying pressure on the neck region where the thyroid +gland is located causes the leakage of thyroglobulin as well as fT3, the active +form of the thyroid hormone. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e31815b4c80 +PMID: 19749617 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1118. J Cutan Pathol. 2008 Feb;35(2):169-73. + +Non-pustular palmoplantar psoriasis: is histologic differentiation from +eczematous dermatitis possible? + +Aydin O(1), Engin B, Oğuz O, Ilvan S, Demirkesen C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Cerrahpasxa Medical Faculty, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The differential diagnosis of psoriasis affecting palmoplantar skin might be +troublesome because of the anatomic properties of this region. Both palmoplantar +psoriasis and eczematous dermatitis of this skin area share similar histologic +features. The punch biopsies from 17 patients with psoriasis and 25 with +eczematous dermatitis were evaluated, blind to the clinical diagnosis. Vertically +situated multiple foci of parakeratosis, alternating with orthokeratosis,were the +only statistically significant feature in the differential diagnosis of +palmoplantar psoriasis [76.5% (13/17), p = 0.005]. In contrast,multiple foci of +parakeratosis [70.6% (12/17)], loss of granular layer at least in focal areas +[41.2% (7/17)], presence of neutrophils at the summits of parakeratosis [4% +(1/17)], presence of neutrophils and/or plasma in the parakeratotic foci [94.1% +(16/17) and 11.8% (2/17)],psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia [88.2% (15/17)], +spongiosis restricted to the lower parts of the epidermis [47.1% +(8/17)],dyskeratotic cells [82.4% (14/17)], thinning of suprapapillary +plate[58.8% (10/17)], edema of the papillary dermis [29.4% (5/17)],presence of +tortous and dilated capillaries in the papillary dermis[52.9% (9/17) and 76.5% +(13/17)] and extravasated erythrocytes[29.4% (5/17)] were found to be more common +in palmoplantar psoriasis compared with eczematous dermatitis; but none of them +was statistically significant. Interestingly, spongiotic vesicles were seen in +most of the patients with psoriasis [76.5% (13/17)]. In conclusion,according to +our findings, many features of palmoplantar psoriasis overlapped with those of +eczematous dermatitis. However, detection of multiple parakeratotic foci, placed +vertically, alternating with orthohyperkeratosis, could be considered in favor of +palmoplantar psoriasis. + + +PMID: 18300385 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1119. Virchows Arch. 2008 Apr;452(4):411-4. doi: 10.1007/s00428-008-0589-6. Epub 2008 +Feb 26. + +Expression of Epstein-Barr-virus-encoded small nuclear RNA in nasopharyngeal +carcinomas of Aegean Turkish patients. + +Ertan Y(1), Hekimgil M, Karaarslan S, Soydan S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +yesim.ertan@ege.edu.tr + +Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are epithelial neoplasms which show a distinct +geographical distribution and have a characteristic histology. These tumors have +multifactorial etiology, including virological, environmental, and genetic +components. The aim of the present study is to assess the relation between +Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) and subtypes of NPC in Aegean Turkish patients. In the +present study, nasopharyngeal biopsies of 84 cases diagnosed as nasopharyngeal +carcinoma, between 1998 and 2004, were reevaluated. In situ hybridization with +the fluorescein-conjugated EBV-encoded small nuclear RNA (EBER) oligonucleotide +probe was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections using an automated slide +stainer system. Of 84 patients, 55 were men and 29 were women with ages ranging +between 7 and 77 years (median 50, mean 46.73). Seventy-three of 84 cases were +EBER positive. All of 62 cases (100.0%) with undifferentiated carcinoma, 8 of 16 +(50.0%) with differentiated nonkeratinizing carcinoma, and three of six (50.0%) +with keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma were EBV positive. EBER positivity was +statistically significantly higher in undifferentiated carcinomas, compared to +the other morphological subtypes (p = 0.000). Our results showed that all +morphological subtypes of NPC are highly associated with EBV latent infection in +our region, and a higher prevalence was found for the undifferentiated subtype. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-008-0589-6 +PMID: 18299891 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1120. Neuropathology. 2008 Aug;28(4):382-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00889.x. Epub +2008 Feb 18. + +Fascin expression [corrected] in glial tumors and its prognostic significance in +glioblastomas. + +Gunal A(1), Onguru O, Safali M, Beyzadeoglu M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +Fascin is a -55 kDa-actin binding protein. Actin bundles rearranged by fascin +proteins are concentrated in cell membrane protrusions and these protrusions +provide motility of the cell. In this study, we evaluated fascin expression in +glial tumors and its relation with histologic grade. Its prognostic value in +glioblastomas (GBs) was also investigated. Seventy-six glial tumors including 44 +glioblastomas with known survival time, 18 anaplastic astrocytomas (AAs), six +diffuse astrocytomas (DAs), and eight pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) were examined +immunohistochemically for fascin expression. Fascin was observed in the neurons +of normal brain tissue and endothelium of vascular spaces in the glial tumors. +Fascin expression was correlated with histologic grade in DAs. PAs expressed low +levels of fascin. Half of the GBs showed high levels of fascin expression. In the +GB group, overall survival was poor for cases with percentage of stained cells +>50% having moderate or strong staining intensity. In GBs, overall survival was +also poor for >50-year-old cases and cases that refused radiotherapy. +Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age (>50 years, P=0.021) and +higher level of fascin expression (immunohistochemical score >8, P=0.040) were +independent poor prognostic factors. In conclusion, fascin expression levels are +correlated with histologic grade and fascin overexpression may play an important +role in the biologic behavior of glial astrocytic tumors and in the prognosis of +GBs. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00889.x +PMID: 18298442 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1121. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(4):273-6. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.10.014. Epub 2008 +Mar 4. + +Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal columella. + +Ceylan A(1), Celenk F, Poyraz A, Uslu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, +Turkey. + +Pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor) is the most common benign neoplasm of the +salivary glands. It is considered to occur primarily in the major salivary +glands, such as the parotid and submandibular glands. It is much less common in +the minor salivary glands, and rarely occurs at other sites, such as larynx, +pharynx, trachea, lacrimal gland, and sinonasal tract. An external nose +localization of this lesion is very rare. Irrespective of the site where the +lesion originates, its preferred treatment should be surgery. We describe a very +rare case of recurrent pleomorphic adenoma originating from the columella. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.10.014 +PMID: 18295980 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1122. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2008 Dec;34(6):638-49. doi: +10.1111/j.1365-2990.2008.00938.x. Epub 2008 Feb 14. + +An efficient stereological sampling approach for quantitative assessment of nerve +regeneration. + +Canan S(1), Bozkurt HH, Acar M, Vlamings R, Aktas A, Sahin B, Temel Y, Kaplan S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physiology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +AIMS: The aim of the present study was to find the most efficient sampling +strategy for stereological analysis of peripheral nerve, including the number of +myelinated nerve fibres, axon cross-sectional area and myelin sheet thicknesses +of nerve fibres. +METHODS: Two groups of rats underwent experimental resection of the tibial and +peroneal nerves. The first group received tibial-peroneal end to end autograft +repair (n = 6). Tibial and peroneal nerves were isolated, transected, and +separated 1 cm distal to the trifurcation, where they lay adjacent to each other +by a 1-cm gap, then repaired with an autologous nerve graft taken from the tibial +nerve. The proximal stump of the tibial nerve and distal stump of the peroneal +nerve were connected to each other by means of the nerve graft. The second group +received tibial-peroneal repair with a flexible collagen tube (n = 6). After 90 +days of recovery, animals were sacrificed and nerve segments were removed and +sectioned for microscopy. Three different sampling strategies, that is, small, +medium and large step sizes were applied to obtain each quantitative parameter. +RESULTS: There are no significant differences between these sampling strategies +with respect to total number of myelinated nerve fibres, axon cross-sectional +area and myelin sheet thicknesses of nerve fibres. +CONCLUSION: Findings show that one can achieve the desired estimate precisely +with a rather large and less time-consuming sampling approach. In addition, it +was observed that the size discrepancy of nerve regeneration can be improved by +collagen tube conduit even with a 1-cm gap. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2008.00938.x +PMID: 18282161 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1123. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2008 Sep-Oct;11(5):344-9. doi: 10.2350/07-10-0361.1. Epub +2008 Feb 8. + +Telomerase activity of chorionic trophoblasts in preterm premature rupture of +membranes. + +Ozer E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. erdener.ozer@deu.edu.tr + +Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a complication associated with preterm +birth. Because most neonatal death, morbidity, and cost are linked to preterm +birth, understanding the mechanisms for developing preterm PROM (pPROM) is +critical. The aim of this study is to investigate whether telomerase activity of +the chorionic trophoblasts may play a role in the pathogenesis of PROM. Placental +membranes were collected from 56 patients with pPROM and 45 patients with preterm +labor (PTL). Telomerase activity was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and +telomerase activity index (TAI) was calculated for both groups. Results are +expressed as the mean +/- standard deviation. Differences between groups were +analyzed using an independent-samples t-test. To evaluate other suggested +mechanisms, such as apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation, +immunohistochemistry for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, tissue inhibitor of +metalloproteinase (TIMP)-3, and M30 CytoDEATH antibodies were also performed. The +TAI was found to be 6.8 +/- 3.2 for PTL, while it was 2.5 +/- 1.5 for pPROM. +Decreased TAI was statistically significant in pPROM membranes in comparison with +PTL (P < 0.001). Number of apoptotic trophoblasts was significantly increased for +the membranes of pPROM (P < 0.001), whereas strong staining of MMP-9 and TIMP-3 +was found for chorionic trophoblasts as well as for other cells in both groups. +Although study of the pPROM has focused on activation of matrix +metalloproteinases and apoptosis that result in the consequence of a programmed +membrane weakening process, decreased telomerase activity of chorionic +trophoblasts is likely to have a contributing role in the pathogenesis of pPROM +as well. + +DOI: 10.2350/07-10-0361.1 +PMID: 18260693 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1124. APMIS. 2008 Jan;116(1):66-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00901.x. + +Evaluation of clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic features of 145 tularemia +cases: the role of quinolones in oropharyngeal tularemia. + +Meric M(1), Willke A, Finke EJ, Grunow R, Sayan M, Erdogan S, Gedikoglu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, +Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey. drmelihameric@gmail.com + +Comment in + APMIS. 2008 Dec;116(12):1116. + +Tularemia outbreaks have occurred in various regions of Turkey in recent years. +In this study, clinical (145 patients) and laboratory (97 patients) features of +patients with oropharyngeal tularemia were evaluated during the tularemia +outbreak in the district of Gölcük in Kocaeli, Turkey. We analyzed the risk +factors for therapeutic failure and prolonged recovery time, and compared the +efficacy of three antibiotic groups, namely aminoglycoside, tetracycline and +quinolone. The most common physical sign and laboratory findings in patients were +lymphadenopathy (LAP) and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, respectively. +Treatment failure was observed in 55 of the 145 (38%) patients during one-year +follow-up and the most successful results were obtained in the quinolone group. +It was determined that antimicrobial therapy initiated 14 days after onset of +symptoms was a statistically significiant risk factor, reducing the success rate +(p=0.0001, OR=13.10, 95% CI=5.69-30.15) and prolonging the recovery period +(p=0.001, OR=3.23, 95% CI=1.63-6.40) in oropharyngeal tularemia cases. These +results suggest that antimicrobial treatment should be started early, and +quinolones such as moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin seem to be new alternatives in +the treatment of oropharyngeal tularemia. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00901.x +PMID: 18254782 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1125. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008 Mar;37(3):185-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00595.x. + +Cytokine and chemokine levels in radicular and residual cyst fluids. + +Muglali M(1), Komerik N, Bulut E, Yarim GF, Celebi N, Sumer M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis +University, Samsun, Turkey. mehtapm@gmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Cytokines were thought to play an important role for the expansion of +odontogenic cysts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytokine and +chemokine levels of radicular and residual cyst fluids. +METHODS: Cyst fluids were aspirated from 21 patients (11 radicular and 10 +residual cysts) and the levels of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1alpha), tumor necrosis +factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulated +upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were determined by +ELISA using commercially available kits. +RESULTS: Both radicular and residual cyst fluids contained IL-1alpha, TNF-alpha, +MCP-1, and RANTES, concentrations of which were significantly higher in the +radicular cyst fluids than those in the residual cysts (P < 0.001 for IL-1alpha, +TNF-alpha, and RANTES; P < 0.01 for MCP-1). Compared to the other mediators, the +concentration of IL-1alpha was found to be highest in both of the cyst fluids. In +addition, positive correlations were found between IL-1alpha, TNF-alpha, MCP-1, +and RANTES in radicular and residual cyst fluids. +CONCLUSION: If the radicular cyst is inadvertently left behind following tooth +extraction, some degree of inflammation may carry on. Residual cysts, although to +a lesser extend than radicular cysts, have the potential to expand. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00595.x +PMID: 18251943 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1126. Cytopathology. 2009 Apr;20(2):117-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00529.x. Epub +2008 Jan 31. + +A metastatic liver tumour with unusual cytological findings. + +Ceyhan K(1), Yalcin B, Ustuner E, Percinel S, Demirkazik A, Umudum H. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Clinical Cytology, Department of Pathology, Ankara University +School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. korayceyhan@yahoo.com + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00529.x +PMID: 18241202 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1127. Endocr Pathol. 2008 Spring;19(1):47-53. doi: 10.1007/s12022-008-9015-5. + +Clusterin expression in non-neoplastic adenohypophyses and pituitary adenomas: +cytoplasmic clusterin localization in adenohypophysis is related to aging. + +Ekici AI(1), Eren B, Türkmen N, Comunoğlu N, Fedakar R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. isindogan@yahoo.com + +Clusterin is a circulating multifunctional glycoprotein produced in several kinds +of epithelial and neuronal cells. Clusterin is upregulated during different +physiological and pathological states, such as senescence, type-2 diabetes +mellitus, Alzheimer disease, and in various neoplasms. Herein, we investigated +the immunohistochemical expression of clusterin in non-neoplastic adenohypophysis +of human autopsy subjects and pituitary adenomas. We also investigated the +association of clusterin increase with age in adenohypophysis of autopsy +subjects. Immunohistochemically, clusterin was found positive in the cytoplasm of +all adenoma cases, and in the cytoplasm of parenchymal cells, stellate cells, +mixed cell follicles and in colloidal material inside of the follicles of +non-neoplastic adenohypophysis as well. Clusterin expression in pituitary +adenomas was found significantly higher than in non-neoplastic adenohypophyses. +In addition, in non-neoplastic adenohypophysis, a significant increase in +clusterin expression levels between young (or=61 years) subjects (p < 0.00001, analysis of variance +[ANOVA]) was found. In addition to clusterin accumulation, presence of +calcification (p < 0.045, ANOVA) and presence of large follicles with colloid +accumulation (p < 0.004, ANOVA) were also statistically significant factors +related to aging in non-neoplastic adenohypophysis. In conclusion, the present +study demonstrated that clusterin expression was found in non-neoplastic +adenohypophysis and in upregulated amounts in pituitary adenomas. This study also +demonstrated that in non-neoplastic adenohypophyses, increase of clusterin +positive cells; histopathological findings of calcification or presence colloidal +material accumulation in large follicles were associated with age. To our +knowledge, immunohistochemical localization of clusterin in pituitary adenomas +was not reported previously. + +DOI: 10.1007/s12022-008-9015-5 +PMID: 18239862 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1128. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2008 Jan-Feb;11(1):63-5. doi: 10.2350/07-02-0228.1. + +Clinical and microscopic hair features of griscelli syndrome associated with +asymmetric crying facies in an infant. + +Akcakus M(1), Koklu E, Narin N, Kose M. + +Author information: +(1)Erciyes University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 38039, +Kayseri, Turkey. akcakus@erciyes.edu.tr + +Griscelli syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by +immunodeficiency and partial albinism. Asymmetric crying facies (ACF) is caused +by congenital hypoplasia or agenesis of the depressor anguli oris muscle. +Asymmetric crying facies may be isolated or it may be associated with various +anomalies. We report a 3-month-old Turkish boy who had clinical and microscopic +hair features of GS associated with ACF. To the best of our knowledge, this is +the 1st case of this association to be reported in the literature. + +DOI: 10.2350/07-02-0228.1 +PMID: 18237235 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1129. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Apr;59(6):399-408. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.11.009. Epub +2008 Jan 28. + +The effects of intra-rectal and intra-peritoneal application of Origanum onites +L. essential oil on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in the +rat. + +Dundar E(1), Olgun EG, Isiksoy S, Kurkcuoglu M, Baser KH, Bal C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, +Eskisehir, Turkey. edundar_99@yahoo.com + +The aim of the present study is to investigate the treatment efficiency of +intra-rectal (IR) and intra-peritoneal (IP) application of Origanum onites +essential oil (OOEO), which is a well-known antioxidant, in the colitis model +induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol (E) in +comparison with dexamethasone therapy through the morphologic damage score. +Monoclonal antibodies against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), +anti-rat granulocytes, and myeloperoxidase (MPO), were also investigated +immunohistochemically. There was a significant difference in terms of ulceration, +mucus cell depletion, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular dilatation +(p<0.001), crypt abscesses (p<0.01), and edema (p<0.05) between OOEO-1mg/kg-IR +and control colitis groups. A significant difference was encountered in terms of +mucus cell depletion, crypt abscesses, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular +dilatation (p<0.01), and ulceration (p<0.05) between the OOEO-0.1mg/kg-IR and +control colitis groups. A significant difference was noticed in terms of +ulceration, inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus cell depletion (p<0.001), +vascular dilatation (p<0.01), and mucosal atrophy (p<0.05) between the +OOEO-1mg/kg-IP and control colitis groups. There was a significant difference in +terms of ulceration, mucus cell depletion, inflammatory cell infiltration +(p<0.001), crypt abscesses, vascular dilatation (p<0.01), and mucosal atrophy +(p<0.05) between the OOEO-0.1mg/kg-IP and control colitis groups. No significant +difference was determined in terms of ulceration, inflammatory cyst, mucosal +atrophy, edema, and vascular dilatation between the dexamethazone and control +colitis groups (p>0.05). Under the present conditions, we concluded that IR and +IP OOEO treatment, applied at the dosage of 0.1 or 1mg/kg/day, have a significant +protective effect on the colonic injury. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.11.009 +PMID: 18222658 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1130. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(3):209-12. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.11.008. Epub 2008 +Jan 18. + +Signet ring-like cells in pituitary adenoma. + +Deniz K(1), Tanriverdi F, Selçuklu A, Kontaş O, Keleştimur F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039 +Kayseri, Turkey. kdeniz@erciyes.edu.tr + +We describe a case of non-functioning pituitary adenoma in a 35-year-old woman +with a prior history of fertility problems. The patient had received clomiphen +citrate and human chorionic gonadotrophin for 3 years. Histological examination +of the tumor revealed signet ring-like cell areas admixed with minor conventional +round-polygonal neoplastic cells. The two populations of tumor cells showed +strong immunoreactivity for chromogranin and synaptophysin. The clinicopathologic +features and diagnostic difficulties of this rare entity are discussed. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.11.008 +PMID: 18207654 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1131. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(2):89-96. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.11.005. Epub 2008 +Jan 18. + +Immunohistochemical expression of angiogenic cytokines in childhood Hodgkin +lymphoma. + +Citak EC(1), Oguz A, Karadeniz C, Akyurek N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, +Huseyin Onat Sokak, No. 15/13, Asagiayranci, Ankara 06510, Turkey. +caglarcitak@yahoo.com + +This immunohistochemical study was carried out to evaluate the role of vascular +endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and +MMP-9), their inhibitor (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, TIMP-1), and +microvessel density (MVD) in the clinicopathologic behavior of childhood +Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Paraffin-embedded histologic sections from 15 children +with HL were immunohistochemically stained with MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, VEGF, and +CD31 antibodies to investigate the correlation between the expression of these +markers and the clinicopathologic characteristics of HL. Expression of MMP-2 and +VEGF in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells (HRS) was more frequent in nodular +sclerosis than in other subtypes (p=0.07 and 0.08, respectively). None of the +study parameters in HRS cell were associated with age, sex, disease stage, +extranodal disease, and the occurrence of bulky tumor. There was a trend toward +advanced stage in negative TIMP-1 staining in HRS cells (p=0.06). In reactive +lymphocytes, MMP-2 expression was correlated with MVD (r=0.68, p=0.005), and +MMP-9 expression was correlated with B symptoms (p=0.003). Also, low TIMP-1 +expression in reactive lymphocytes was frequently found in patients with advanced +stage (p=0.048). There was a positive correlation with the ratio of MMP-2 +expression in reactive lymphocytes and MVD (r=0.68, p=0.005). Expression of MMP-9 +in reactive lymphocytes was correlated with MVD without statistical significance +(r=0.487, p=0.06). Our results suggest that, as in many solid tumors, +angiogenesis and angiogenic factors may play an important role in childhood HL. +Larger series of patients are needed to determine the prognostic value of +angiogenesis in childhood HL. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.11.005 +PMID: 18207652 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1132. Int J Surg Pathol. 2008 Jan;16(1):43-7. doi: 10.1177/1066896907309576. + +Are there any differences in the expression of hormonal receptors and +proliferation markers between uterine and extrauterine leiomyomas? + +Sen N(1), Demirkan NC, Colakoglu N, Duzcan SE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pamukkale, +Denizli, Turkey. + +The aim of this study is to determine the immunohistochemical expressions of +estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki-67 proliferation marker in 8 +extrauterine leiomyomas and to compare these values with their uterine +counterparts. In all, 8 patients with extrauterine leiomyomas and 20 patients +with uterine leiomyomas as a control group were studied. Sections were +immunohistochemically stained with estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and +Ki-67 antibodies. Labeling indices for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, +and Ki-67 were found to be 33.05%+/-31.70%, 14.18%+/-18.80%, and 0.52%+/-1.32% +for extrauterine leiomyomas and 65.09%+/-26.65%, 32.53%+/-32.80%, and +0.37%+/-0.71% for uterine leiomyomas, respectively. The difference of labeling +indices for progesterone receptor between uterine leiomyomas and extrauterine +leiomyomas was statistically significant (P=.002). This study shows that +increased expression of progesterone receptor is observed only in uterine +leiomyomas during the reproductive period. However, it seems that additional +factors to hormone receptors contribute to the development of extrauterine +leiomyomas. + +DOI: 10.1177/1066896907309576 +PMID: 18203783 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1133. J Cutan Pathol. 2008 May;35(5):462-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00851.x. Epub +2008 Jan 14. + +The significance of histopathologic patterns in positive tuberculin skin test +site. + +Haholu A(1), Ciftci F, Karabudak O, Kutlu A, Bozkurt B, Baloglu H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Medical Academy Haydarpasa Teaching Hospital, +Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey. haholu@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: The histologic features of tuberculin skin test site is not uniform. +It may be related to status of tuberculosis. +METHODS: Forty-eight purified protein derivative (PPD) positive-cases were chosen +for the study. Thirty of the subjects had active tuberculosis. As previously +reported, the histologic pattern of inflammatory reaction seen in the test site +classified into three type: (a) Perivascular (PV)-type, (b) Basal spongiotic +dermatitis (BSD)-type and (c) Erythema multiforme (EM)-type. The frequencies of +histological patterns in active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis were +statistically analyzed. +RESULTS: In active tuberculosis group including 30 patient, 17 (56.7%) EM-type, 9 +(30%) BSD-type and 4(13.3%) PV-type inflammation were seen. Among 18 latent +tuberculosis, there were 2 (11.1%) EM-type, 7 (38 8%) BSD-type and 9 (50%) +PV-type inflammatory reactions. The EM-type inflammation was more common in +active tuberculosis group. Bulla formation was seen in seven subjects with active +tuberculosis. +CONCLUSION: The histological pattern of PPD reaction site may be an important +sign reflecting the nature of the tuberculosis, which may be either latent or +active. The bulla formation is an important sign for active pulmonary +tuberculosis. Further, detailed immunohistopathologic studies of PPD reaction +with large number of cases may give important clues about tuberculosis +immunology. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00851.x +PMID: 18201233 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1134. Neuropathology. 2008 Jun;28(3):322-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2007.00843.x. Epub +2008 Jan 9. + +A case of extraventricular neurocytoma of the spinal cord. + +Gokhan GA(1), Gurer IE, Akyuz M, Tuncer R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University Medical School, Antalya, Turkey. +guzidegokhan@akdeniz.edu.tr + +Erratum in + Neuropathology. 2009 Apr;29(2):208. + +Central neurocytoma is a rare neuroectodermal tumor generally found in young +adults. It mainly originates from lateral ventricles. Extraventricular location +of this kind of tumor, especially spinal cord involvement, is extremely rare. +This article is the ninth case of central neurocytoma derived from the spinal +region, and includes a review of the literature. The patient in this case is a +49-year-old woman presenting with C3-C5 spinal mass with typical histopathologic +findings and low MIB-1 index. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2007.00843.x +PMID: 18194141 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1135. APMIS. 2007 Dec;115(12):1443-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.00762.x. + +Alveolar adenoma of the lung. Immunohistochemical and flow cytometric +characteristics of two new cases and a review of the literature. + +Sak SD(1), Koseoglu RD, Demirag F, Akbulut H, Gungor A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Alveolar adenoma is a rare and benign tumour of the lung that usually presents in +asymptomatic patients as a coin lesion on chest radiography. Only 25 cases have +been reported in the English medical literature. Alveolar adenoma has a +characteristic multicystic histology and often resembles the normal lung +parenchyma. Ultrastructural studies indicate that the epithelial cells lining the +cysts are type-II pneumocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis may aid in the +characterization of alveolar adenoma and discriminate this condition from other +types of benign lesions of the lung. An indolent clinical progression and absence +of recurrence and metastasis after complete resection are the most important +characteristics indicative of the benign nature of alveolar adenoma. Few studies +have been conducted at the molecular level, such as by flow cytometry, with the +objective of characterizing the biological nature of alveolar adenoma. +Differential diagnoses include sclerosing hemangioma, papillary adenoma, +lymphangioma, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. +In this article we describe the immunohistochemical and flow cytometric features +of this neoplasm in two male patients. Both the tumours showed a diploid DNA +pattern with a low proliferation index. p53 test was found to be negative, and +post-operative follow-up examinations at 22 and 32 months proved uneventful. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.00762.x +PMID: 18184418 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1136. Neuropathology. 2008 Feb;28(1):29-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2007.00828.x. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression and angiogenesis in glioblastoma. + +Onguru O(1), Gamsizkan M, Ulutin C, Gunhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. +onguruo@yahoo.com + +Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), the key enzyme that catalyzes the first steps in the +biosynthesis of the prostaglandins from arachidonic acid, appears to play a role +in the regulation of progression, invasiveness and angiogenesis of various +neoplasms. We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of Cox-2 and angiogenic +parameters (microvessel density (MVD) and vascular patterns) in 54 glioblastomas. +We also examined their relation with prognosis. Cox-2 immunohistochemical +expression was observed in 48 tumors (89%). There was no staining in six tumors +(11%). On univariate analysis, MVD was correlated with a poor outcome (MVD > 70; +hazard ratio, 0.441; 95% confidence interval, 0.200-0.975, P = 0.041). But MVD +showed no prognostic impact on multivariate analysis. Neither Cox-2 expression +nor vascular pattern showed prognostic value. The difference in Cox-2 expression +between the classical and bizarre vascular pattern in glioblastomas was +statistically significant (P = 0.047). However, no correlation was found between +Cox-2 expression and MVD. These findings suggest that Cox-2 is heterogeneously +expressed in glioblastomas without a significant association with MVD. However, +Cox-2 expression may be related to vascular pattern in glioblastomas. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2007.00828.x +PMID: 18181832 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1137. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008 Jan;132(1):99-103. doi: +10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[99:AAAPAI]2.0.CO;2. + +Alveolar airspace and pulmonary artery involvement by extramedullary +hematopoiesis: a unique manifestation of myelofibrosis. + +Ozbudak IH(1), Shilo K, Hale S, Aguilera NS, Galvin JR, Franks TJ. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Akdeniz School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. + +Pulmonary extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare manifestation of myelofibrosis. +We encountered a unique case of pulmonary extramedullary hematopoiesis occurring +in a 59-year-old white man, where in addition to the typical foci of interstitial +hematopoietic cells, a surgical lung biopsy showed airspace and arterial wall +involvement. Airspace foci were associated with acute and organizing alveolar +hemorrhage, while within arteries the hematopoietic elements had a striking +predilection for the vascular intima. The hematopoietic foci included erythroid +precursors, myeloid precursors, and megakaryocytes, which were immunoreactive +with hemoglobin, myeloperoxidase, and CD61, respectively. Whether extramedullary +hematopoiesis represents in situ embryonic stem cell differentiation or a +compensatory seeding of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow remains to be +elucidated. However, familiarity with these findings in the lung could be helpful +in uncovering occult hematological disorders accompanied by extramedullary +hematopoiesis. Extramedullary hematopoiesis should also be considered as a cause +of pulmonary hemorrhage, especially in the setting of myelofibrosis. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[99:AAAPAI]2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 18181682 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1138. Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(4):290-4. Epub 2007 Dec 25. + +Expression of the TRAIL receptors in blood mononuclear cells in leukemia. + +Deligezer U(1), Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +TRAIL receptors are differentially expressed on restricted subpopulations of +normal blood cells. In the present study, we investigated the utility of +individual TRAIL receptors in evaluating the presence of circulating tumor cells +in blood. Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) carrying the t(9;22) +translocation were compared with patients in whom no translocation was detected, +with patients with multiple myeloma and with a group of healthy individuals. +TRAIL receptor expression was analyzed by RT-PCR in blood mononuclear cells. +Blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects expressed the TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 +death receptors and the TRAIL-R4 decoy receptor while the other decoy receptor +TRAIL-R3 was not detectable. This normal expression pattern was also observed in +all cases with multiple myeloma and in almost all patients without translocation +(42/43; 97.7%). However, in 24/56 (42.9%) of the translocation-positive patients, +the expression pattern was completely different. In this group the TRAIL-R4 +receptor alone or in combination with TRAIL-R1 disappeared from blood mononuclear +cells, while the TRAIL-R2 was expressed at normal level, indicating that the loss +of expression is specific for the TRAIL-R4 and TRAIL-R1. This expression pattern +was also confirmed by real-time PCR. The differences between the +translocation-positive and -negative groups for the TRAIL-R4 and TRAIL-R1 +expression were highly significant (p=0.0001 and p=0.0004, respectively). +However, the differential expression pattern did not correlate with the number of +leukemic cells. Our results suggest a correlation between the presence of +leukemic cells in circulation and the differential expression pattern of TRAIL +receptors in blood mononuclear cells. + +DOI: PAOR.2007.13.4.0290 +PMID: 18158563 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1139. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008 Jan;37(1):26-9. + +One-year follow-up of the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on colonization +by oral Candida. + +Arslan SG(1), Akpolat N, Kama JD, Ozer T, Hamamci O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Orthodontics, Dental Faculty, Dicle University Diyarbakier, +Turkey. agseher@hotmail.com + +The aim of this study was to assess quantitative and qualitative alterations in +the carrier rate of Candida spp. in south-eastern Turkey among adolescents, and +to investigate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on the Candida count in +a 1-year follow-up study. In the first phase of the study, the oral Candida +carriage rate of 72 patients was evaluated. Samples were collected from the +dorsal surface of the tongue, the mid-palate and saliva. In the second phase of +the study, 42 patients who were determined to be carriers of oral Candida were +treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, and from these patients a second set +of samples were collected from the saliva and the orthodontic brace surfaces of +eight teeth adjacent to the enamel surfaces. The saliva samples were collected +before and during orthodontic treatment at 1st, 6th and 12th month, and samples +from the braces were collected during the 1st, 6th and 12th month of treatment. +Forty-two of the 72 patients (58.5%) were oral Candida carriers. The distribution +of Candida spp. in these patients was as follows: (i) Candida albicans was +identified in 31 patients (73.8%), (ii) C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. kefyr +were found in three patients each (7.14%) and (iii) C. parapsilosis occurred in +two patients (4.76%). During orthodontic treatment, the micro-organism count +increased both in the saliva and on tooth surfaces. The results indicate that the +prevalence of oral Candida spp. is high in young adults in south-eastern Turkey +and that the Candida counts increase when braces are involved. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00574.x +PMID: 18154574 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1140. Pathol Res Pract. 2008;204(3):149-53. + +The relation of IgM deposition to clinical parameters and histomorphometry in +childhood mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. + +Kasap B(1), Türkmen M, Sarioğlu S, Sis B, Soylu A, Kavukçu S. + +Author information: +(1)Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Dokuz Eylül +University, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. belde.kasap@deu.edu.tr + +We investigated the question of whether IgM deposition causes any difference in +the histomorphometry of children with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis +(MePGN). We retrospectively compared the urinalysis, blood pressure measurements, +and serum creatinine levels of children with IgM (+) and IgM (-) MePGN. For +histopathological evaluation, the outlines of Bowman's capsules and glomerular +tufts of 10 glomeruli were rimmed manually, and the surrounded areas were +calculated as pixels. The cells at each tuft of the largest four glomeruli were +counted. Bowman's capsular areas, glomerular tuft areas, glomerular +cellularities, and the number of cells per tuft area were determined for each +patient. There were 24 (M/F: 14/10) patients with MePGN. Twelve of them were IgM +(+). Mean age at biopsy was 6.8+/-4.1 years. IgM (+) patients mostly presented +with nephrotic syndrome (NS) (n=9) and IgM (-) patients mostly with macroscopic +hematuria (n=7). None of the clinical or laboratory findings was statistically +different between the groups (p>0.05) except increased NS frequency in IgM (+) +patients (p: 0.038). The histomorphometric parameters were similar in both groups +(p>0.05). IgM (+) patients with MePGN mostly presented with NS in our study, but +their histomorphometric parameters demonstrated no significant difference. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.10.010 +PMID: 18093746 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1141. Cytopathology. 2009 Apr;20(2):127-9. Epub 2007 Dec 7. + +Incidental findings in bronchial lavage fluid? + +Cakir E(1), Sonmez OS, Demirag F, Keyf AI, Gulgosteren S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Ataturk Chest Disease and Chest Surgery +Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. arabaci.ebru@gmail.com + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00526.x +PMID: 18070113 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1142. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2008 Mar;74(2):128-32. + +Nuclear protein contents in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of trisomy 21 +infants. + +Hamurcu Z(1), Demirtas H, Patiroğlu T, Kumandas S. + +Author information: +(1)The High School of Physical Education and Sports, Erciyes University, Kayseri, +Turkey. zhamurcu@erciyes.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: The trisomy 21 (Ts21) or Down's syndrome (DS) phenotype is assumed to +occur primarily by the expression/overexpression of some genes encoded by the +extra chromosome 21. It has recently been shown by AgNOR staining that babies +with Ts21 have more AgNOR area (more NOR proteins) and more RNA content in their +peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) than those of controls. The aim of +this study was to test whether or not the nuclear proteins content of PBMCs from +trisomy 21 babies/infants is higher than that of the controls. +METHOD: For this purpose, flow cytometric measurement of the stained PBMC nuclei +was used. Nuclei from PBMCs was isolated and stained with propidium iodide and +fluorescein isothiocyanate (PI/FITC) for DNA and protein estimation, +respectively. +RESULTS: Mean nuclear protein content of Ts21's (N = 30, mean age = 3.46 +/- 3.05 +years old) PBMCs was found statistically higher than that of the controls (N = +33, mean age = 3.79 +/- 1.93 years old) (P = 0.005, nonparametric Mann-Whitney U +test for two independent variables). This means that the average nuclear protein +content of PBMC from Ts21 infants is higher than that of the controls. +Furthermore, there is a moderate negative correlation between the ages of the +studied DS patients and the protein content in the nuclei of their PBMCs (Linear +regression analysis: P = 0.002, r = -0.55). This correlation is not found with +controls (P = 0.186, r = -0.24). +CONCLUSION: We have concluded that average protein content of PBMCs' nuclei from +DS infants is higher than that of the controls, decreasing significantly with +age. + +(c) 2007 Clinical Cytometry Society + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20387 +PMID: 18044722 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1143. Pathology. 2008 Jan;40(1):42-5. + +Role of fragile histidine triad protein expression in pathogenesis of malignant +pleural mesothelioma. + +Tutar E(1), Kiyici H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, +Turkey. tutar@gantep.edu.tr + +AIM: To investigate the relationship of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) and Ki-67 +expression with clinicopathological variables of patients with malignant pleural +mesothelioma (MPM). +METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 30 asbestos induced +MPM (epithelial and biphasic) patients were examined for FHIT and Ki-67 +expression using immunohistochemical techniques and results were compared with +clinicopathological variables. +RESULTS: Immunohistochemical study results were as follows: 12 (40%) cases showed +low FHIT expression and 18 (60%) showed high expression. There was no significant +relationship between FHIT and age, gender or histological subtypes (p > 0.05). +Ki-67 expression was 'low' in 13 (43.3%) cases and 'high' in 17 (56.7%) cases. No +correlation could be demonstrated between Ki-67 expression and age, gender or +histological subtypes (p > 0.05). No significant association was observed between +FHIT and Ki-67 expression in MPM. +CONCLUSION: The results support the role of FHIT as a tumour suppressor gene in +asbestos induced MPM. There is no significant correlation between FHIT and cell +proliferation marker expressions in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Therefore, it +can be concluded that loss of FHIT does not interfere with tumour proliferation. +This can be accepted as evidence for an early role of FHIT loss in +carcinogenesis; however, it needs to be strengthened by further studies. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020701716383 +PMID: 18038314 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1144. Pathology. 2008 Jan;40(1):35-41. + +Does HepPar-1 immunoexpression have a role in differential diagnosis of +periampullary cancer? + +Gulluoglu MG(1), Karayigit E, Ozden I, Kapran Y, Dizdaroglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, +Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. mggullu@istanbul.edu.tr + +AIMS: Histological subtyping of periampullary carcinomas is considered as a +criterion for prognosis and therapeutic implications of these tumours. We +assessed the immunoexpression rates of HepPar-1, CDX2 and MUC2 antibodies in +different subtypes of periampullary adenocarcinomas (PAC), intestinal and +pancreatobiliary, in order to assess their impact on differential diagnosis of +this group of cancers. The expression of antibodies was also measured in ductal +adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head (DAPH). +METHODS: Sixty-five patients with PAC and DAPH who underwent pancreatic Whipple +resection constituted the study cohort. Of these, 46 (71%) had PAC, and 19 (29%) +had DAPH. Among PACs, 20 (44%) were intestinal and 26 (56%) were pancreatobiliary +type. +RESULTS: HepPar-1 immunoreactivity was detected in 18 (39%) of all PACs. The rate +of HepPar-1 expression was significantly higher in intestinal type PAC (75%) than +it was in pancreatobiliary type (12%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy +of HepPar-1 immunoexpression for diagnosing intestinal type PAC were 75% , 89%, +and 83%, respectively. Similarly, the rates of both CDX2 and MUC2 expressions +were significantly higher in intestinal type PAC (80%) than they were in +pancreatobiliary type (8%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of both +CDX2 and MUC2 immunoexpressions for intestinal type PAC were 80%, 92%, and 87%, +respectively. +CONCLUSION: HepPar-1 antibody was found to be a highly sensitive and specific +marker for distinguishing intestinal type from pancreatobiliary type among PACs. +In addition to CDX2 and MUC2 antibodies, HepPar-1 immunoexpression seems to have +a potential role in differential diagnosis of PACs. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020701716391 +PMID: 18038313 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1145. Lepr Rev. 2007 Sep;78(3):231-42. + +Screening for mental disorders in leprosy patients: comparing the internal +consistency and screening properties of HADS and GHQ-12. + +Senturk V(1), Stewart R, Sagduyu A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Psychiatry, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +ves@ttnet.net.tr + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the internal consistency and +screening properties of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the +Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in Turkish patients with leprosy. +METHODS: The two screening instruments and a fully structured diagnostic +interview (CIDI) were administered to 65 people drawn from all leprosy inpatient +units in Turkey between March and June of 2001. The scales were evaluated using +Cronbach's alpha and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses. For each +scale, criterion validity was assessed for any psychiatric disorder, depressive +disorder and anxiety disorder. +RESULTS: The Cronbach alpha coefficients for the GHQ-12 and HADS were 0.84 and +0.81 respectively. For detecting any psychiatric disorder, the optimal cut-off +for the GHQ-12 was 4/5 (sensitivity 0.82, specificity 0.62). The optimal cut-off +for the HADS total score was 12/13 (sensitivity 0.80, specificity 0.77). +CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the General Health Questionnaire-12 and +Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale have satisfactory internal consistency, and +performed well to a similar extent for detecting psychiatric disorders in leprosy +patients. + + +PMID: 18035774 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1146. Cytopathology. 2007 Dec;18(6):384-7. Epub 2007 Oct 16. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour +(inflammatory pseudotumour) of the breast: a case report and review of the +literature. + +Akbulut M(1), Gunhan-Bilgen I, Zekioglu O, Duygulu G, Oktay A, Ozdemir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00470.x +PMID: 17944956 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1147. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(11):765-9. Epub 2007 Oct 10. + +c-KIT expression in columnar cell lesions of the breast accompanied by benign and +malignant breast diseases. + +Polat A(1). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Mersin University, Mersin, +Turkey. aysep@yahoo.com + +Columnar cell lesions (CCLs) of the breast are reported with increasing +frequency. However, the significance of these lesions and the treatment approach +to these lesions are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate +c-KIT expression in CCLs accompanying benign and malignant breast diseases. A +total of 65 patients (18 benign breast diseases, 8 ductal carcinomas in situ +(DCI), and 39 invasive carcinomas) were included in the study. c-KIT was strongly +expressed in normal breast epithelium (staining intensity; SI: 3 +/- 0.0), +whereas a heterogeneous and cytoplasmic staining pattern was observed in CCLs +accompanying both benign and malignant diseases. c-KIT expression was decreased, +with increasing atypia in CCLs (SI in CCLs with/without atypia; 1.45 +/- 0.52/no +case, 1.25 +/- 0.50/1.38 +/- 0.52, 0.77 +/- 0.73/1.21 +/- 0.42 accompanying +benign breast disease, DCI and invasive carcinoma, respectively). c-KIT +expression was detected in 10.4% of invasive carcinomas. No significant +association between c-KIT expression and the histologic grade and nodal status of +tumor was noted. As there is a reduction in c-KIT expression with malignant +transformation of breast epithelium, c-KIT is believed to play a role in breast +carcinogenesis. Furthermore, similar c-KIT expression patterns in CCLs +accompanying malignant breast diseases suggest that at least some CCLs could +reflect a premalignant status of breast carcinoma. However, the significance of +c-KIT expression in CCLs and its relationship to breast carcinogenesis should be +evaluated in follow up studies investigating larger series. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.08.010 +PMID: 17931792 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1148. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007 Oct;131(10):1578-81. + +Omentectomy for gynecologic cancer: how much sampling is adequate for microscopic +examination? + +Usubütün A(1), Ozseker HS, Himmetoglu C, Balci S, Ayhan A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +ausubutu@hacettepe.edu.tr + +CONTEXT: Detecting omental metastasis is crucial for staging and treatment of +endometrial and ovarian carcinoma. +OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal omental sampling for omentectomies to +ascertain the stage of the disease in a cost-effective way. +DESIGN: We reevaluated 258 omentectomies that were performed due to ovarian or +endometrial carcinoma. A total of 116 cases were retrospectively studied, and 142 +cases were prospectively studied. For prospective study, 10 to 16 blocks were +sampled if the omentum showed no signs of gross tumor. Mean omental block sample +frequency of 2 groups with the negative macroscopy but with or without +microscopic tumor have been compared using an independent samples t test. +RESULTS: Seven patients had no evidence of tumor metastasis on gross examination +but had microscopic tumor metastasis. The mean numbers of blocks were 6.4 for +patients having microscopic tumor without macroscopic involvement and 7.8 for +patients having neither microscopic nor macroscopic involvement. Approximately +twice as many samples were taken in the prospective analysis when compared with +retrospective analysis. Two cases with microscopic omental metastasis that had no +macroscopic involvement at first impression were reevaluated retrospectively and +found to contain 0.3- to 0.5-cm white nodules. The rate of omental metastasis +increased with the grade of the tumor (P = .005). +CONCLUSION: Careful macroscopic examination is the most important step in +detecting small omental metastasis. For cases with gross tumor, one section is +sufficient. If a macroscopic lesion is not detectable and the patient has a +high-grade tumor that will necessitate an adjuvant therapy, 3 to 5 samples seem +sufficient for staging. Further studies are needed to determine the optimum +sample size for tumors having a low risk of metastasis. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[1578:OFGCHM]2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 17922596 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1149. Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(3):215-26. Epub 2007 Oct 7. + +Relation of neuroendocrine cells to transforming growth factor-alpha and +epidermal growth factor receptor expression in gastric adenocarcinomas: +prognostic implications. + +Celikel C(1), Eren F, Gulluoglu B, Bekiroglu N, Turhal S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Altunizade, Turkey. turege@superonline.com.tr + +The presence of neuroendocrine (NE) cells in gastric adenocarcinoma (GCa) is well +documented, however, their significance is controversial. There is no evidence in +the literature concerning the possible effect of these cells on the expression of +TGF-alpha and EGFR, which are believed to confer growth advantage to tumor cells. +101 partial or total gastrectomy specimens from patients operated for +conventional gastric adenocarcinoma were included in the study. In each case +immunohistochemistry was performed on sequential tissue sections for chromogranin +A (ChrA), TGF-alpha and EGFR. Samples were graded based on the number of +ChrA-positive cells (0-3). TGF-alpha and EGFR expressions were evaluated +according to both the intensity (0-2) and quantification of the positively +stained areas (0-3). Follow-up data was available in 54 patients. Twenty-seven +patients died of disease, while 27 patients were alive with a follow-up of at +least 15 months. ChrA expression was detected in 54.4% of the tumor specimens. +TGF-alpha was stained positively in 42.6% and EGFR in 49.5% of the cases. NE +cells in GCa was related to TGF-alpha (p<0.0001) and EGFR expression (p<0.05), +and TGF-alpha/EGFR coexpression (p<0.001). Among histopathologic variables, the +presence of NE cells was significantly related to grade, stage and lymph node +status. Although the presence of NE cells had no effect on survival, the +expression of EGFR (p<0.0001) and TGF-alpha (p=0.002) were related to survival. +The results of our study suggest that the presence of NE cells may have an effect +on the expression of TGF-alpha and EGFR in GCa, and the autocrine mechanism +between TGF-alpha and EGFR plays an important role in the prognosis of gastric +carcinoma. + +DOI: PAOR.2007.13.3.0215 +PMID: 17922051 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1150. Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(3):180-5. Epub 2007 Oct 7. + +HER-2, TOP2A and chromosome 17 alterations in breast cancer. + +Beser AR(1), Tuzlali S, Guzey D, Dolek Guler S, Hacihanefioglu S, Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Oncology, Istanbul University Oncology Institute, +Istanbul, Capa, Turkey. + +HER-2 amplification is a biomarker for identifying patients who respond to +trastuzumab and has been evaluated as a factor predicting the response to +anthracyclines. The relationship between HER-2 and response to anthracycline +therapy may also be the result of the close localization of TOP2A on 17q. It has +been a matter of debate whether these two genes, HER-2 and TOP2A, behave +separately on different amplicons or act together thus making it possible to +predict the TOP2A status from the HER-2 status. In this study TOP2A, HER-2 and +chromosome 17 aneusomy were investigated by fluorescent in situ hybridization +(FISH) in 50 consecutive breast cancer patients. HER-2 amplification was detected +in 11 patients (22%) and TOP2A changes were seen in 6 patients (12%); two +amplifications and two deletions were observed in HER-2-amplified cases and two +deletions in HER-2-nonamplified cases. Three of the TOP2A-deleted cases had +polysomy 17. HER-2 copy number was higher than the TOP2A copy number in one +patient with co-amplification. Polysomy was observed in 9 cases (18%) and +monosomy in 6 cases (12%). Aneusomy was the sole anomaly in 11 patients (22%). We +conclude that the TOP2A status cannot be predicted from the HER-2 status and +evaluation of the TOP2A status only in patients with HER-2 overexpression may +lead to missing cases with TOP2A deletion with possible resistance to therapy. +Other factors modulating topo II activity may also affect the response to +therapy. Studies evaluating different parameters that can modulate topo II +activity and the response to the drugs targeting the enzyme are necessary. + +DOI: PAOR.2007.13.3.0180 +PMID: 17922046 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1151. Acta Cytol. 2007 Sep-Oct;51(5):773-81. + +Clinicopathologic significance of eosinophilic pleural effusions in a population +with a high prevalence of tuberculosis and cancer. + +Ozkara SK(1), Turan G, Başyiğit I. + +Author information: +(1)Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kocaeli, +Turkey. emrecan1999@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: To reveal the diagnostic and prognostic significance of eosinophilic +pleural effusions (EPEs) and assess their clinical implications. +STUDY DESIGN: Seventy EPEs from 60 patients among 697 consecutive pleural +effusions were investigated from 1996-2005 at Kocaeli University Hospital, +Kocaeli, Turkey. Koss and Light's criteria were applied in the analysis, which +comprised macroscopic, cytopathologic, biochemical and microbiologic +examinations. +RESULTS: Overall, cancerous underlying conditions were diagnosed in 22 patients +(13 malignant and 9 paramalignant), 36.7% of EPEs. Benign causes were found in +43.3% (26 of 60) of the patients. Twelve pleural effusions (20.0%) were +idiopathic. The comparison of pleural fluid and peripheral blood findings +disclosed no significant difference among the various subgroups. +CONCLUSION: EPE could be associated with inflammatory, benign, cancerous and +paramalignant conditions. A closer search for a definite causes is warranted in +the setting of EPEs, especially in populations with a high prevalence of +tuberculosis and malignancy, such as in Kocaeli, Turkey, an industrial city in a +developing country. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325841 +PMID: 17910348 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1152. Clin Neuropathol. 2007 Sep-Oct;26(5):219-23. + +Simultaneously occurring vestibular schwannoma and meningioma in the +cerebellopontine angle: case report and literature review. + +Izci Y(1), Secer HI, Gönül E, Ongürü O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. +yusufizci@yahoo.com + +Simultaneously occurring multiple primary brain tumors of different histological +types are rare, and the coexistence of schwannoma and meningioma in the same +cerebellopontine angle (CPA) without neurofibromatosis is extremely rare. A +57-year-old female patient presented with headache, speech disturbance, left +facial numbness and deafness in the left ear. Magnetic resonance imaging +demonstrated two different tumors in the left CPA. These tumors were not in +continuity. The tumors were totally removed through the left suboccipital +approach. Histopathological examination revealed that the large tumor was a +vestibular schwannoma and the smaller was a meningioma. Neurofibromatosis was not +diagnosed in the patient. No recurrence was observed at the end of 9 years after +the operation. The simultaneous occurrence of vestibular schwannoma and +meningioma in the CPA appears coincidental. This association must be kept in mind +if two different tumors are detected radiologically in the same CPA. + + +PMID: 17907598 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1153. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(11):795-800. Epub 2007 Sep 27. + +Renal failure in high altitude: renal functions, renal pathology and bone +mineralization in rats with ablation nephropathy at 1200 m altitude. + +Soylu A(1), Kavukçu S, Yilmaz O, Astarcioğlu H, Ozkal S, Türkmen M, Sarioğlu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylül University, Mithatpaşa +Cad No 665/4, 35280, Küçükyali, Izmir, Turkey. alper.soylu@deu.edu.tr + +The effect of altitude on renal failure and bone mineralization is not well +known. This topic is studied in a 5/6 nephrectomy rat model. After hemoglobin, +creatinine clearance and proteinuria were determined in 28 Wistar rats. Two 5/6 +nephrectomy (Nx1-Nx2, n=7 each) and two sham (Sh1-Sh2, n=7 each) groups were +formed. The Nx1-Sh1 and Nx2-Sh2 groups were kept at sea level and at 1200 m +altitude, respectively. The same analyses were performed after 3 months just +before sacrifices in order to harvest kidneys and femurs for histopathologic +examination. Hemoglobin, creatinine clearance, and proteinuria were similar in +all groups at the onset. Final hemoglobin was higher in Nx2-Sh2, but only Sh2 vs. +Sh1 was significant (p=0.001). Creatinine clearance decreased (p=0.001 for Nx1) +and proteinuria increased (p=0.002 for Nx1 and p=0.005 for Nx2) after 5/6 +nephrectomy, but Nx1 vs. Nx2 was similar. Histopathological changes in the +remnant kidneys were prominent, but Nx1 vs. Nx2 was not different. Although the +relative osteoid volume increased in Nx groups, only Nx1 vs. Sh1 was different +(p=0.006). In conclusion, exposure to 1200 m altitude, compared to the sea level, +preserved the creatinine clearance better in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. No change +was observed in proteinuria, renal histopathology, and bone mineralization. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.08.002 +PMID: 17904299 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1154. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2007 May-Jun;26(3):135-51. + +Prenatal ultrasonographical features of limb body wall complex: a review of +etiopathogenesis and a new classification. + +Sahinoglu Z(1), Uludogan M, Arik H, Aydin A, Kucukbas M, Bilgic R, Toksoy G. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zeynep +Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, Uskudar, +Istanbul, Turkey. zekisa@superonline.com + +Limb body wall complex is a spectrum of multiple severe anomalies. The +etiopathogenesis and clinical classification are still under discussion. In our +article, while reviewing previous etiopathogenetical hypothesis, we propose a new +clinical classification regarding embryological theories and pheneotypical +features. According to the Van Allen diagnostic criteria, the findings of 6 +affected fetuses are presented. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in 5 of 6 cases. +Craniofacial malformations were present in only 1 case. Thoracic defect and +abdominoschisis (either infraumbilical or supraumbilical) associated with +visceral eventration, placental-umbilical cord anomalies, and limb defects were +detected in the other 5 cases. Aberrant development of each of the 4 embryonic +folds (cephalic, 2 lateral abdominal, and caudal) associated with faulty +umbilical ring development and placental formation were considered responsible +for development of various malformations. In previous clinical classifications, +existence or absence of the craniofacial malformation was utilized as an unique +discriminating criterion while multiple anomalies exist. In this report, we +propose a new clinical classification concerning almost all anomalies caused by +defective placental attachment and maldevelopment of the 4 folds. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513810701563728 +PMID: 17886024 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1155. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Nov;59(3-4):237-43. Epub 2007 Sep 14. + +Dimethoate-induced biochemical and histopathological changes in the liver of +rats. + +Sayim F(1). + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, +Izmir, Turkey. ferah.sayim@ege.edu.tr + +Dimethoate is an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide used for the control +of a wide range of insects, including houseflies and mites, on a variety of +fruits, vegetables, field and forestry crops. The aim of the current study was to +evaluate the subchronic toxicity of orally administered dimethoate in Wistar +albino rats, based on the histopathological and biochemical findings in the +liver. The animals of the exposed groups were fed with laboratory chow combined +with 2, 8 or 20 mg/kg body weight/day dimethoate for 90 consecutive days under +controlled laboratory conditions. At the end of the experiment, body weight gain, +absolute and relative liver weights, liver cholinesterase activities and total +protein levels were determined. Histopathological changes in the liver were also +determined using a light microscope. Results showed that there were decreases in +relative liver weights of exposed rats. Although liver total protein levels were +significantly increased, liver cholinesterase activities were decreased in all +exposed groups. Dimethoate caused dose-related histopathological changes such as +mononuclear cell infiltration, congestion, an enlargement of the veins and +sinusoids, hepatocellular damage, necrotic changes, an increase in the number of +Kupffer cells, cytoplasmic vacuolization and degeneration in nuclei in the liver +of exposed rats. These effects did not vary between the sexes. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.05.008 +PMID: 17869494 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1156. Tissue Antigens. 2007 Nov;70(5):432-4. Epub 2007 Sep 16. + +PTPN22 gene polymorphism in Behçet's disease. + +Sahin N(1), Bicakcigil M, Atagunduz P, Direskeneli H, Saruhan-Direskeneli G. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Marmara University +Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey. + +A functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of PTPN22 gene encoding the +protein tyrosine phosphatase has been reported to be associated with autoimmune +disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and type I +diabetes. PTPN22 R620W polymorphism has a wide variation of allelic frequencies +among different populations. This polymorphism is investigated in Turkish +patients with Behçet's disease (BD), a systemic vasculitis with immune +activation. DNA samples from 134 patients with BD and 177 healthy controls are +genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length +polymorphism method for the SNP (rs2476601, A/G) of PTPN22 gene. Polymorphic +region was amplified by PCR and digested with XcmI enzyme. The frequency of +heterozygous genotype (AG) was 5.1% (9/177) in control group, whereas polymorphic +allele was not present in the whole BD group (P = 0.012, OR 0.65, 95% confidence +interval 0.0-1.1). Both the lower prevalence in the general population and the +absence in BD show the limited role of PTPN22 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of +autoimmunity in Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00928.x +PMID: 17868256 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1157. Vet Pathol. 2007 Sep;44(5):589-99. + +Myocarditis associated with foot-and-mouth disease virus type O in lambs. + +Gulbahar MY(1), Davis WC, Guvenc T, Yarim M, Parlak U, Kabak YB. + +Author information: +(1)University of Ondokuz Mayis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of +Pathology, Kurupelit, 55139 Samsun, Turkey. mygulbahar@hotmail.com + +The present study describes the pathogenetic mechanisms of myocarditis in 9 lambs +that died in a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Samsun, Turkey. In all the +heart samples tested, ELISA and sequencing for phylogenetic analyses showed that +the virus, namely O/TUR/Samsun/05, was associated with the PanAsia pandemic +strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type O. The lambs had myocardial +lesions but no typical vesicular lesions. In situ reverse transcription showed +that many cardiomyocytes and some interstitial cells were positive for FMDV type +O. Inflammatory infiltration, hyaline degeneration, and necrosis of sheets of +myocytes were observed. The cellular infiltrates were mononuclear cells, +including many lymphocytes, macrophages, a few plasma cells, and neutrophils. +Major histocompatibility complex Class II+ dendritic and mononuclear cells, +gammadelta T cells, CD172A+ and CD14+ macrophages and monocytes, and IgM+ B cells +were detected mainly in the infected hearts. Inducible nitric oxide synthetase +(iNOS) was seen mostly in areas of inflammation infiltrated by large numbers of +cells. Of the 2 alpha-subunits of integrin known to be used as receptors by FMDV +in epithelial tissues, CD49e (integrin alpha5) was detected in the membranes of +cardiac myocytes with intercalated discs, but CD51 (integrin alphaV) was not +detected in cardiac myocytes from infected or normal lambs. Interstitial and +inflammatory cells were positive for both integrin subunits. The terminal +deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive +signal was detected in the nuclei of both cardiac myocytes and interstitial cells +from infected lambs. These findings suggest that the iNOS expressed by +inflammatory cells in lesions may have a deleterious effect on cardiac myocytes +in these lesions. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-5-589 +PMID: 17846231 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1158. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(10):725-30. Epub 2007 Sep 4. + +Fibrosis in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. + +Tataroglu C(1), Sarioglu S, Kargi A, Ozkal S, Aydin O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, 09100 +Aydin, Turkey. cantent@yahoo.com + +There is little quantitative information about the amount of fibrosis in +lymphomas. The aim of the present study was to investigate the amount of fibrosis +in lymphomas and to highlight the relationship between fibrosis and mast cells, +the key players of fibrosis. Tissue sections of 60 patients with diagnosis of +lymphoma were reevaluated for classification. The mean fibrotic-stained area +percentage (F-SAP) was determined in van Gieson-stained digital images using +image analysis (Mediscope, Dokuz Eylul University, Clinical Engineering, Turkey). +Mast cells were visualized using streptavidin peroxidase immunohistochemistry +with anti-tryptase staining. Twenty-seven (44%) cases were Hodgkin's lymphoma +(HL). F-SAP was 11.09+/-8.96 and 1.72+/-1.76 for HL and non-HL cases +(Mann-Whitney U, p<0.000), and the mean mast cell count (MMCC) was 24.63+/-13.58 +and 8.03+/-8.07, respectively (Mann-Whitney U test, p<0.000). There was a +significant difference between F-SAP and MMCC concerning different types of +lymphomas (Kruskal-Wallis test, p>0.000). F-SAP was highest in nodular sclerosis +HL, and MMCC was highest in mixed cellular HL. There was a strong positive +correlation between MMCC and F-SAP (Pearson Correlation test, p<0.000, r=0.51). +These results suggest that the amount of fibrosis demonstrates differences in +subtypes of lymphomas, and mast cells are increased in fibrosing lymphomas. +However, it seems likely that more than one cell type is involved. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.07.006 +PMID: 17804176 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1159. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(10):731-5. Epub 2007 Sep 4. + +Significance of intraepithelial lymphocytes in appendix. + +Deniz K(1), Sökmensüer LK, Sökmensüer C, Patiroğlu TE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039 +Kayseri, Turkey. drkdeniz@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of the increase in +intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the mucosa of the appendix. One hundred and +four retrospective appendectomy specimens were examined to evaluate the IELs. +Intraepithelial lymphocytosis was identified in 11.5% (12 cases) of the +specimens. Of these 12 cases, 6 cases with intraepithelial lymphocytosis were +associated with parasitic infection. No increase in IELs was found in the 36 +appendices that were removed in other primary operations. A wide range of +immunologic stimuli can raise IELs in the gastrointestinal system. However, in +appendectomies with clinical signs of acute appendicitis, an increase in IELs is +more likely to be related to parasitic infection. This increase should be +considered for the diagnosis of parasitic infections. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.07.003 +PMID: 17766055 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1160. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2007 Sep;28(3):235-7. + +Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia cases in forensic autopsies. + +Celbis O(1), Aydin NE, Mizrak B, Ozdemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Inonu University, School of Medicine, +Malatya, Turkey. ocelbis@inonu.edu.tr + +Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia or cardiomyopathy (ARVD or ARVC) is an +increasingly recognized entity with clinical and forensic implications. This is +the first series documenting ARVD in 5 separate cases in forensic autopsies from +Turkey declared as natural sudden cardiac death following complete autopsy and +toxicologic analysis. There was a male preponderance (M/F=4), with a mean age of +50. + +DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0b013e31814a5879 +PMID: 17721175 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1161. Acta Cytol. 2007 Jul-Aug;51(4):610-5. + +Fine needle aspiration biopsy features with histologic correlation in mediastinal +hepatoid yolk sac tumor presenting with sternum metastasis: a case report. + +Ceyhan K(1), Utkan G, Dincol D, Erdogan N, Erekul S, Umudum H. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Clinical Cytology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara University, Turkey. korayceyhan@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: The hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor (H-YST) is an exceedingly rare +and highly malignant neoplasm. We present and discuss our experience with +cytologic and histopathologic features of a mediastinal H-YST presenting with +sternum metastasis, which to the best of our knowledge has not been previously +reported. +CASE: A 38-year-old man presented with a large mass on the sternum. Computed +tomography of the thorax showed a large anterior mediastinal mass with sternum +metastsis and multiple lung metastases. Laboratory examination revealed elevated +serum alpha-fetoprotein (60,000 IU/mL). No tumor was found in the other organ +systems. A percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy and subsequent open +surgical biopsy were performed on the sternum metastasis. Cytologically, the +tumor was composed of monotonous, large, round to polygonal hepatoid cells +forming solid sheets and trabeculae entrapped with endothelial cells resembling +hepatocellular carcinoma. Histopathologic sections of tumor showed tumor cells +with eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm arranged in a solid, trabecular growth +pattern, with some acinar formations. Immunohistochemical study supported the +hepatoid origin. +CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration cytology, together with the characteristic +clinical presentations and specific tumor markers, is crucial to the initial +diagnosis of H-YST. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325809 +PMID: 17718136 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1162. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Oct;59(2):121-8. Epub 2007 Aug 22. + +Hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine against acute acetaminophen toxicity in +mice. + +Yapar K(1), Kart A, Karapehlivan M, Atakisi O, Tunca R, Erginsoy S, Citil M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, +University of Kafkas, 36040 Kars, Turkey. + +L-carnitine is a cofactor in the transfer of long-chain fatty acid allowing the +beta-oxidation of fatty acid in the mitochondria. It is also a known antioxidant +with protective effects against lipid peroxidation. In this study, +hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine was investigated against acetaminophen +(AA)-induced liver toxicity where mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress +are thought to be involved in AA hepatotoxicity. Sixty-four Balb/C mice were +divided into eight groups. Mice were dosed with single-AA injection (500 mg/kg +via the intra peritoneal route) with or without L-carnitine (500 mg/kg for 5 days +starting 5 days before AA injection via intra peritoneal route) and sampled at 4, +8 and 24 h following AA injection. AA increased serum AST, ALT, total sialic acid +(TSA) and MDA as well as tissue TSA and MDA levels significantly with the highest +increase observed at 4 h, but there was a decrease in blood and tissue GSH level. +Administration of L-carnitine significantly reduced AA-induced elevations in AST, +ALT, TSA and MDA concentrations and increased GSH levels at all sampling points. +AA also induced necrosis, hyperemia, sinusoidal congestion and hemorrhage with +time-dependent increase in severity, but the degree of necrosis and +histopathologic alterations were most severe at 24 h following AA administration. +However, the degree of pathologic alterations was less severe with simultaneous +L-carnitine application. These results suggest that AA results in oxidative +damage in the liver with an acute effect. L-carnitine also has a prominent +protective effect against AA toxicity and may be of therapeutic value in the +treatment of AA-induced hepatotoxicity. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.02.009 +PMID: 17716880 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1163. J Clin Pathol. 2008 Mar;61(3):338-42. Epub 2007 Aug 10. + +Quantification of intrahepatic total hepatitis B virus DNA in chronic hepatitis B +patients and its relationship with liver histology. + +Bayram A(1), Erkilic S, Ozkur A, Bayram M, Sari I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, +University of Gaziantep, Turkey. aysenbayram@hotmail.com + +AIMS: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between total +intrahepatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels and liver histology in terms of +the degree of histological activity index (HAI) that yields necroinflammation +(HAI-NI) and fibrosis (HAI-F) of the liver. +METHODS: Prospectively, Tru-cut needle biopsy samples were obtained from the +livers of 42 patients with chronic hepatitis B. Levels of serum and liver HBV DNA +were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Demographic data of patients, +together with hepatitis B serology, alanine aminotransferase levels, and HAI-NI +and HAI-F scores, were recorded. +RESULTS: Twenty of the patients were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive, +while 22 patients were positive for antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe). Serum and liver +total HBV DNA levels were found to correlate directly with each other in the two +groups (r = 0.669, p = 0.001; and r = 0.880, p<0.001; respectively) and the +correlation was more marked in anti-HBe-positive patients. Although serum HBV DNA +levels correlated positively with HAI-NI and HAI-F scores in HBeAg-positive and +HBeAg-negative patients, total liver HBV DNA levels correlated with HAI-NI and +HAI-F scores in anti-HBe-positive patients only. +CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative measurement of intrahepatic HBV DNA is a valuable +marker of the histological status of the liver in anti-HBe-positive patients with +chronic hepatitis B, and it may give an insight into the prognosis and the ideal +time for the cessation of antiviral treatment. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2007.050765 +PMID: 17693576 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1164. Pathology. 2007 Aug;39(4):433-7. + +The neuroprotective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in the +hippocampal formation of cigarette smoke exposed rabbits. + +Eser O(1), Cosar M, Sahin O, Mollaoglu H, Sezer M, Yaman M, Songur A. + +Author information: +(1)Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. +drolcayeser@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: In this study, the neuroprotective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl +ester (CAPE) in the hippocampus of cigarette smoke exposed rabbits were +investigated. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen rabbits were used as experimental subjects and +divided into three equal groups. The control group (Group A) was exposed to clean +air. Rabbits in the cigarette smoke (CS) group (Group B) were exposed to +cigarette smoke 1 hour daily in a room within a glass chamber for 4 weeks. +Animals in the CS+CAPE group (Group C) were exposed to cigarette smoke as in +Group B and administered CAPE (10 micromol/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 4 weeks +just before the exposure to cigarette smoke. Rabbits in all three groups were +sacrificed with intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg sodium pentothal and +their brains were removed immediately. In the hippocampal formation samples of +left hemispheres, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase +(SOD) were measured and the number of apoptotic neurons was counted by 'terminal +transferase dUTP nick end labelling' (TUNEL) assay in the right hippocampal +formation. +RESULTS: We found that MDA levels increased significantly in the Group B rabbits +compared with the control group (Group A; p = 0.001). In contrast, SOD activities +decreased significantly in Group B rabbits compared with the control group (p = +0.001). In the CAPE treated rabbits (Group C), MDA levels decreased and SOD +activities increased significantly as compared with Group B rabbits (p = 0.002, p += 0.002, respectively). The number of apoptotic neurons (TUNEL+) in the CA1, CA2, +CA3 and dentate gyrus areas of rabbits' hippocampal formation were significantly +increased in Group B rabbits compared with the control group. On the other hand, +the number of apoptotic neurons in the hippocampus areas was decreased +significantly in Group C rabbits compared with Group B rabbits. +CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that cigarette smoking induces apoptosis in +the hippocampal formation of rabbits and CAPE has a protective role against this +induction. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020701444481 +PMID: 17676486 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1165. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(10):749-52. Epub 2007 Jul 31. + +Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with osseous metaplasia containing fatty bone +marrow element: a case report. + +Kefeli M(1), Yildiz L, Aydin O, Kandemir B, Faik Yilmaz A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, +Turkey. mehmetkefeli@gmail.com + +A 27-year-old woman presenting with epigastric pain and dyspepsia was found to +have a calcified mass in the upper-middle right kidney. Gross examination of the +nephrectomy specimen revealed a 6.5 x 5 x 4 cm renal tumor with dense +calcification and ossification. Histopathological examination of the tumor showed +solid, trabecular sheets and nesting of polygonal epithelial cells with abundant +cytoplasm and prominent cell border and mature bony tissue enclosing fatty +marrow. Renal cell carcinoma is frequently associated with calcification, but +ossification is extremely rare. To our knowledge, we report the fourth case of a +chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with extensive calcification and ossification. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.06.003 +PMID: 17669599 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1166. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(8):625-7. Epub 2007 Jul 26. + +Renal cell carcinoma with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma infiltration: a case report. + +Sullu Y(1), Donmez G, Kandemir B, Gun S. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 +Samsun, Turkey. yurdanursullu@yahoo.com + +The coexistence of renal cell carcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is more common +than expected in the general population; however, renal cell carcinoma with +infiltration by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has rarely been reported. Here we report +on a 77-year-old patient who presented with small lymphocytic lymphoma in the +jugulodigastric lymph node. He underwent nephrectomy for a renal mass 5 months +later. On histopathological examination, the mass was diagnosed as a grade III +renal cell carcinoma with infiltrated small lymphocytic lymphoma that was +positive for B-cells (CD20). This case is discussed in terms of the coexistence +of these tumors and tumor to tumor metastasis. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.06.004 +PMID: 17662539 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1167. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(9):667-70. Epub 2007 Jul 25. + +Synchronous GIST with osteoclast-like giant cells and a well-differentiated +neuroendocrine tumor in Ampula Vateri: coexistence of two extremely rare +entities. + +Koçer NE(1), Kayaselçuk F, Calişkan K, Ulusan S. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baskent University, Ankara, +Yuregir, 01250 Adana, Turkey. + +Mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal system with variable histopathological +appearances and constant expression of CD117 are known as gastrointestinal +stromal tumors (GISTs). Neuroendocrine tumors may be seen in the gastrointestinal +system and other organ systems of the body. We report a 44-year-old male patient +with a 6.5 x 3 x 6cm mass located in the Ampulla of Vater. Histopathologic +examination revealed a GIST with a marked nuclear pleomorphism and a high mitotic +rate, and that was rich in osteoclast-like giant cells (OGC). +Immunohistochemically, GIST was positive for CD117, while OGCs were negative for +CD117 and positive for CD68 and alpha1-antitrypsin. There was also found a +well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor near the GIST, in the serosal aspect of +the duodenum at the point of the Ampulla of Vater. This second tumor was 20mm in +diameter, and was relatively well circumscribed with few glands invading the +GIST. This tumor was positive for synaptophysin and chromogranin. Neither mitosis +nor vascular invasion was observed. The patient had no familial history or +clinical manifestations of neurofibromatosis. This case presents the unique +synchronous existence of two extremely rare entities, a GIST with OGC and a +well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, both located in the Ampulla of Vater. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.04.012 +PMID: 17656040 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1168. Neuropathology. 2007 Jun;27(3):213-20. + +The peri-microvascular edema in hippocampal CA1 area in a rat model of sepsis. + +Kafa IM(1), Ari I, Kurt MA. + +Author information: +(1)Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Anatomy Department, Bursa, Turkey. +imkafa@uludag.edu.tr + +Encephalopathy is a common complication of sepsis. However, little is known about +the morphological changes that occur in the brain during sepsis. In this study, +fecal peritonitis was induced in Wistar rats, which had been monitored for 4 h +before their brains were removed and samples from the CA1 area taken. In addition +to higher blood pressure with a decreasing pattern and a significant drop in +rectal temperature, an increased heart rate and marked respiratory failure were +observed. The tissue was investigated and compared with corresponding hippocampal +samples taken from sham-operated and not operated control groups. Significantly +more peri-microvascular edema was found in the hippocampal CA1 area in the septic +group. The percentages of the peri-microvascular edema were 158.57 +/- 3.6%, +122.84 +/- 1.5% and 120.24 +/- 1.9% in the fecal peritonitis group, sham-operated +and not operated control groups, respectively. The results may suggest that the +edema observed around the microvessels may participate in the pathogenesis of the +septic encephalopathy probably by causing in the microvascular permeability +characteristics. + + +PMID: 17645234 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1169. APMIS. 2007 Jul;115(7):881-8. + +Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with multiple organ involvement. + +Celikel C(1), Yumuk PF, Basaran G, Yildizeli B, Kodalli N, Ahiskali R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular neoplasm of uncertain +malignant potential. Various reports document metastatic or concurrent +epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in several sites, most commonly with combined +lung and liver involvement. The concurrent involvement of multiple sites at +presentation may cause diagnostic problems because epithelioid +hemangioendothelioma can mimic other neoplastic processes. Although it is a +chemo-resistant disease, chemotherapy is usually advised for patients with +metastatic or concurrent involvement. Here we document the presentation, +treatment, and outcome of two cases with concurrent involvement of the lung and +liver. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_727.x +PMID: 17614859 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1170. APMIS. 2007 Jul;115(7):795-801. + +Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression in experimental cirrhosis: correlation +with vascular endothelial growth factor expression and angiogenesis. + +Bozova S(1), Elpek GO. + +Author information: +(1)Akdeniz University, Medical School, Department of Pathology, Antalya, Turkey. + +Angiogenesis progresses together with fibrogenesis during chronic liver injury. +Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), a master regulator of homeostasis, +plays a pivotal role in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis through its regulation of +vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The association between hypoxia, +angiogenesis and VEGF expression has been demonstrated in experimental cirrhosis. +However, expression of HIF-1alpha has yet to be reported. The aim of this study +was to investigate the significance of HIF-1alpha expression during experimental +liver fibrosis and the relationships between HIF-1alpha expression, VEGF +expression and angiogenesis. Cirrhosis was induced in male Wistar rats by +intraperitoneal administration of diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) (100 mg/kg, once a +week). The serial sections from liver tissues were stained with anti-HIF-1alpha, +anti-VEGF and anti-CD34 antibodies before being measured by light microscopy. Our +results showed that HIF-1alpha expression gradually increases according to the +severity of fibrosis (p<0.01). Moreover, its expression was found to be +correlated with angiogenesis (r=0.916) and VEGF expression (r=0.969). The present +study demonstrates that HIF-1alpha might have a role in the development of +angiogenesis via regulation of VEGF during experimental liver fibrogenesis and +suggests that this factor could be a potential target in the manipulation of +angiogenesis in chronic inflammatory diseases of the liver. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_610.x +PMID: 17614845 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1171. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2007 Jan-Feb;26(1):41-6. + +PERSISTENT Müllerian duct syndrome associated with transverse testicular ectopia: +report of two cases. + +Ozturk H(1), Eroglu M, Ozturk H, Uzunlar AK, Okur H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Medical +School, Bolu, Turkey. ozturkhayrettin@hotmail.com + +Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) with transverse testicular ectopia +(TTS) is a very rare pathological association, often discovered during repair for +inguinal hernia or cryptorchidism. We present 2 cases with PMDS associated with +TTS and discuss the diagnosis and management. A hysterectomy was performed, with +resection of the underdeveloped fallopian tubes. Both gonads wereplaced into +subdartos pouches in each scrotum by the transseptal approach. The diagnosis of +PMDS was confirmed postoperatively by genetic and hormonal investigations. +Chromosome analysis revealed 46,XY. Pathological findings demonstrated the +immature testes and the immature uterus. + +DOI: 10.1080/15513810701394660 +PMID: 17613045 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1172. Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(2):170-3. Epub 2007 Jul 3. + +Microcystic urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder metastatic to the penis. + +Sari A(1), Uyaroglu MA, Ermete M, Oder M, Girgin C, Dincer C. + +Author information: +(1)Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Izmir, +Alsancak, 35220, Turkey. aysegulakder@gmail.com + +Metastatic spread of primary bladder cancer to the penis is an extremely rare +event. Microcystic urothelial carcinoma is a very rare variant of urothelial +carcinoma. Due to its rareness and insufficient clinical follow-up data, the +prognosis of microcystic urothelial carcinoma is still not clear. Here in we +report a case of a penile metastasis from microcystic urothelial carcinoma of +urinary bladder, in a 56-year-old man who died 6 months after radical +cystoprostatectomy and total penectomy. To the best of our knowledge this is the +first case report of microcystic variant of urothelial carcinoma which has +metastasized to the penis. + +DOI: PAOR.2007.13.2.0170 +PMID: 17607382 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1173. Vet Pathol. 2007 Jul;44(4):479-86. + +Natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection: novel pathologic findings +resembling other morbillivirus infections. + +Kul O(1), Kabakci N, Atmaca HT, Ozkul A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +71451, Yahsihan, Kirikkale, Turkey. oguzkul72@yahoo.com + +The present study describes pathologic and virologic findings in 15 sheep and 6 +goats that died of natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection in Turkey. +Pathologic findings included erosive-ulcerative stomatitis, fibrino-necrotic +tracheitis, bronchointerstitial pneumonia, multifocal coagulation necroses in the +liver, and severe lymphocytolysis in lymphoid tissues. Syncytial cells were +conspicuous, especially in the oral mucosa, pulmonary alveoli, liver, and +lymphoid tissues. In addition to the typical tissue distribution, eosinophilic +intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear inclusions were observed in epithelial cells +lining the renal pelvis and abomasal mucosa. Immunolabeling of the viral antigen +was observed in the kidney, brain, rumen, abomasum, heart, and myocytes of the +tongue besides its more typical locations. In this study, we report and describe +in detail the first peste des petits ruminants endemic in Kirikkale Province, +Central Anatolia of Turkey. In conclusion, these previously unreported pathologic +findings in natural peste des petits ruminants virus infection establish a basis +for resemblance to other morbillivirus infections, such as canine distemper and +distemper of sea mammals. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction +analyses indicated that the 448-bp genome fragment was amplified in 18 cases +(18/21, 85.7 %). Phylogenetic analysis showed that viruses belong to lineage 4 in +the peste des petits ruminants virus common phylogenetic tree. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-4-479 +PMID: 17606509 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1174. Pathol Int. 2007 Jul;57(7):449-53. + +Diffuse fatty infiltration in amyloid goiter. + +Himmetoglu C(1), Yamak S, Tezel GG. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. +cigdem.himmetoglu@gmail.com + +Presented herein is a case of diffuse fatty infiltration of amyloid goiter in a +58-year-old woman with chronic renal failure. Bilateral total thyroidectomy was +performed due to symptoms of dysphagia and hoarseness. Macroscopic and +microscopic examination showed that almost all thyroid follicles were replaced by +fat cells. Hyalinized stroma intervening the fatty infiltration was shown to +harbor amyloid deposition. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2007.02122.x +PMID: 17587245 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1175. Pol J Pathol. 2007;58(1):7-11. + +Spindle cell lipoma. + +Comunoglu N(1), Comunoglu C, Ekici AI, Ozkan F, Dervişoglu S. + +Author information: +(1)Yeditepe University School of Medicine Department of Pathology, Istanbul, +Turkey. ncomunoglu@yeditepe.edu.tr + +Spindle cell lipomas are a group of benign lipogenic soft tissue tumors. +Typically they occur in posterior back and shoulder of elderly male patients. +Differential diagnosis of this tumor became more important because the number of +reports about some other tumors of similar morphology such as mammary type +myofibroblastoma and solitary fibrous tumor, are increasing. All these tumors +compose of bland spindle cells, mature adipocytes and collagen bundles. In this +retrospective study we evaluated clinicopathological and immunohistochemical +features of 18 cases of spindle cell lipomas. 15 cases of classical spindle cell +lipomas and 3 pleomorphic lipoma variant were all histologically characteristic. +Immuohistochemically they were all CD34 positive. Ten cases, whose paraffin +blocks available, were desmin negative. We think that spindle cell lipomas are +desmin negative tumors and this feature helps us to differentiate them especially +from mammary type myofibroblastomas of extramammarian soft tissue. + + +PMID: 17585537 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1176. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(9):641-5. Epub 2007 Jun 19. + +Histopathological changes in thyroid tissue after fine needle aspiration biopsy. + +Bolat F(1), Kayaselcuk F, Nursal TZ, Reyhan M, Bal N, Yildirim S, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. drfilizbolat@yahoo.com + +Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a method that is frequently used in the +diagnosis for neoplastic and non-neoplastic thyroid lesions. However, despite the +contribution of this method to diagnosis, varying degrees of histopathological +alterations in thyroid tissue occur due to the trauma caused by the aspiration +needle. In this study, we compared the histopathology of the thyroidectomy +specimens obtained by FNAB with the specimens obtained without the use of FNAB. A +hundred and fifty thyroidectomy specimens obtained by FNAB were compared +histopathologically with 150 thyroidectomy specimens (control group) obtained +without a FNAB procedure. The thyroidectomy specimens were evaluated for +hemorrhage, fibrosis, siderophagia, vascular thrombosis, vascular proliferation, +infarction, granulation tissue, cystic degeneration, papillary hyperplasia, +nuclear atypia, mitosis, calcification, vascular invasion, capsular distortion +(pseudoinvasion), cholesterol clefts, and the presence of metaplasia. The +thyroidectomy specimens obtained by FNAB had rates of hemorrhage, siderophagia, +granulation tissue, papillary hyperplasia, fibrosis, calcification, capsular +distortion, cholesterol clefts (P<0.001), and vascular thrombosis (P=0.001) that +were statistically significantly higher than those obtained without FNAB. +However, there were no clinically significant differences between the two groups +in terms of vascular proliferation, nuclear atypia, mitosis, infarction, and +oncocytic and squamous metaplasia. Alterations in thyroid tissue in association +with FNAB show a considerable variation. Some of the alterations make diagnosis +difficult, even leading to misdiagnosis in favor of carcinoma. Therefore, a +thorough knowledge of possible alterations is essential to the differential +diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.05.004 +PMID: 17582696 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1177. Cytopathology. 2007 Jun;18(3):184-90. + +Cystic lesions of the head and neck: cytohistological correlation in 63 cases. + +Firat P(1), Ersoz C, Uguz A, Onder S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology & Cytology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, +Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) +in the diagnosis of cystic masses of the head and neck (H&N), excluding thyroid +lesions. +METHODS: A total of 198 cases, 63 of whom had consequent surgical specimens, were +retrieved from the files of two university hospitals and reviewed. +RESULTS: FNAC correctly diagnosed 25 of 36 neoplasms with a cystic component. +Five Warthin's tumours, two squamous cell carcinomas, two mucoepidermoid +carcinomas and two schwannomas yielded non-representative aspirates. Four of the +missed Warthin's tumours and two mucoepidermoid carcinomas which were +misdiagnosed as benign cysts were aspirated by their clinician. One branchial +cleft cyst was cytologically interpreted as highly suspicious for carcinoma. +CONCLUSIONS: Disparate entities may present with similar cytological findings in +the H&N region. A detailed description of differential diagnosis should be given +in the cytology report in suspicious cases. Repeated aspirations from different +sites of the lesion may reduce the false-negative rate. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00400.x +PMID: 17573765 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1178. APMIS. 2007 Jun;115(6):726-35. + +Expression of cyclooxygenase-2, c-kit, progesterone and estrogen receptors in +uterine smooth muscle tumors: differential diagnosis. + +Comunoğlu NU(1), Durak H, Comunoğlu C, Ekici AI, Ozkan F, Akyildiz EU, Ilvan S, +Calay Z, Molinas N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Kayişdaği, +Turkey. ncomunoglu@yeditepe.edu.tr + +We examined the expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and c-kit in +uterine smooth muscle neoplasms and tried to determine the role of these markers +in differential diagnosis. Archival tissue from 64 patients with uterine smooth +muscle neoplasms (20 leiomyomas (LMs), 22 atypical leiomyomas (ALMs), and 22 +leiomyosarcomas (LMSs)) was immunostained with antibodies against estrogen (ER) +and progesterone receptors (PR), COX-2 and c-kit. 7 of 20 LM cases and 5 of 22 +ALM cases were immunopositive for COX-2, whereas none of the LMS cases stained +immunopositive (p< or =0.05). 4 of 20 LM cases and 5 of 22 ALM cases were +immunopositive for c-kit, whereas 15 of 22 LMS cases showed c-kit +immunopositivity (p< or =0.05). In conclusion, very few LMs and ALMs show COX-2 +immunopositivity. LMSs usually do not express COX-2. COX-2 expression in smooth +muscle tumors is not a prominent feature. Therefore, COX-2 inhibitors may not be +useful in LMS therapy. C-kit was significantly expressed in uterine LMSs. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_629.x +PMID: 17550381 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1179. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(6):445-9. Epub 2007 May 31. + +Efficiency of immunohistochemical p16 expression and HPV typing in cervical +squamous intraepithelial lesion grading and review of the p16 literature. + +Yildiz IZ(1), Usubütün A, Firat P, Ayhan A, Küçükali T. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey. +isilzennure@gmail.com + +Diagnosing and grading cervical cancer precursors is challenging. This study +investigates the presence of HPV infection, the expression of p16, and any +correlation between these two findings. H&E-stained slides of cervical loop +excision materials diagnosed as LSIL and HSIL were reviewed. An +immunohistochemical panel consisting of p16 as well as of all HPV types and +HR-HPV types was applied. Staining of p16 was evaluated according to distribution +extent and degree of intensity. All HSIL cases and 80% of LSIL cases were +positive for p16. In HSIL cases, the staining distribution was as follows: 50% +full thickness, 45% basal, and 5% rare. The staining intensity for the same cases +was strong in 70%, variable in 20%, and weak in 10% accordingly. In LSIL cases, +staining distribution was basal in 58.3% and rare in 41.7%. None of the LSIL +cases showed full thickness of p16 positivity. The staining intensity of the same +cases was strong in 25%, variable in 16.7%, and weak in 58.3%. Of all cases, +48.6% were positive for screening kit (all HPV types), and 31.4% of all cases +were positive for HR-HPV. The distribution of this positivity was 35% for HSIL +and 26.6% for LSIL cases. The total HPV-type positivity rate was 48.6%, the +distribution being 50% for HSIL and 46.6% for LSIL cases. p16 is a highly +sensitive marker for cervical epithelial dysplasia. Strong and full thickness +staining of p16 in the cervix epithelium is highly supportive of HSIL, while weak +and basal/rare staining favors LSIL. All HPV-positive cases were also +p16-positive, but no statistically significant relationship between HPV infection +positivity and the intensity and distribution of p16 was found. HPV is not +helpful in the grading of SIL, as an unignorable rate of HR-HPV positivity +(26.6%) was detected in LSIL group. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.03.010 +PMID: 17543474 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1180. Diagn Pathol. 2007 May 24;2:16. + +Incidental parasitic infestations in surgically removed appendices: a +retrospective analysis. + +Aydin O(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Alanya Hospital, Baskent University, Antalya, Turkey. +darkeetar@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Appendiceal parasites can cause symptoms of appendiceal pain, +independent of microscopic evidence of acute inflammation. The diagnosis of a +parasitic infestation is generally achieved only after the pathologic examination +of the resected appendices. +PATIENTS/METHODS: Pathology department records were reviewed for all patients who +required an operation for symptoms of acute appendicitis between 2000 and 2006. +The specimens which were pathologically diagnosed to contain parasites were +reevaluated for features of acute inflammation, and parasite type. The medical +records were reviewed in detail to achieve a diagnostic score(Eskelinen). +Radiologic imaging findings were correlated, if present. +RESULTS: Of the 190 appendectomies performed, 6 specimens (3,15%) were found to +contain parasites(4 Enterobius vermicularis, 2 Taenia subspecies). Appendectomies +with Taenia showed acute inflammation, while acute inflammation was absent in the +ones with Enterobius vermicularis. The Eskelinen score was higher than the +threshold in two cases with an acute inflammation, and in two without. Ultrasound +scans, and a computed tomography scan were performed in 5 patients. In 3 of 4 +bland appendices, results favored acute appendicitis. +CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of gastrointestinal parasites is not only made by +examining the stool but the diagnosis can be made by histology from surgical +specimens. Timely diagnosis and appropriate therapy might prevent probable future +complications that may necessitate surgical procedures, at least in some of the +patients. The clinical management of these infections is different from that for +classical appendicitis. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-2-16 +PMCID: PMC1887519 +PMID: 17524150 + + +1181. J Cutan Pathol. 2007 Jun;34(6):467-73. + +Immunohistochemical expression of beta-catenin, E-cadherin, cyclin D1 and c-myc +in benign trichogenic tumors. + +Demirkan NC(1), Bir F, Erdem O, Düzcan E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Pamukkale University, Denizli, +Turkey. ndemirkan@pamukkale.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: beta-catenin gene mutations have been reported in vast majority of +pilomatrixomas (PMXs). beta-catenin, a component of the adhesion molecules of the +cytoskeleton, is degraded at the cytoplasm. Excess cytoplasmic beta-catenin +enters into the nucleus and activates the transcription of several genes encoding +c-myc, cyclin D1 and others. Sublocation of beta-catenin has been demonstrated by +immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study was to determine the role of +beta-catenin-related proteins in various benign trichogenic tumors. +METHODS: We investigated the expression of beta-catenin, E-cadherin, c-myc and +cyclin D1 immunohistochemically, and the expression of these molecules were +compared between two groups consisting of 12 PMXs and 12 other benign trichogenic +tumors (OBTTs). +RESULTS: In PMX group, nuclear and/or cytoplasmic expression of beta-catenin was +associated with a loss of membranous expression of E-cadherin (p = 0.002). In +OBTT group, a membranous expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin was observed, +and there was a stronger nuclear immunoreactivity of cyclin D1 compared with PMX +group (p = 0.006). +CONCLUSIONS: In PMX, nuclear and/or cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression of +tumoral cells is not related with beta-catenin-related gene expressions (c-myc or +cyclin D1). The molecular behaviour of OBTTs is clearly different from that of +PMXs in terms of to E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00636.x +PMID: 17518774 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1182. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Aug;58(6):455-9. Epub 2007 May 11. + +Methionine-supplemented diet augments hepatotoxicity and prooxidant status in +chronically ethanol-treated rats. + +Yalçinkaya S(1), Unlüçerçi Y, Uysal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. + +The purpose of this study was to investigate whether high methionine (HM) diet +may influence the development of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity and +prooxidant-antioxidant balance in the liver. Rats received drinking water +containing ethanol (20% v/v) and/or methionine supplemented diet (2% w/w) for 75 +days. Although prooxidant-antioxidant balance did not change in the liver of rats +in HM group, ethanol treatment was observed to increase plasma transaminase +activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels, but not +glutathione (GSH), vitamin E and vitamin C levels, and superoxide dismutase +(SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione transferase (GST) +activities in the liver of rats as compared to controls. However, ethanol plus HM +diet caused further increases in plasma transaminase activities and hepatic MDA +and PC levels. In addition, SOD, GSH-Px and GST activities were observed to +decrease, but GSH, vitamin E and vitamin C levels remained unchanged in the liver +as compared to ethanol, HM and control groups. Our results show that HM diet may +augment hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in the liver of chronically +ethanol-treated rats. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.03.003 +PMID: 17498936 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1183. Int J Surg Pathol. 2007 Apr;15(2):178-9. + +Swan of the leucocytes. + +Seckin S(1). + +Author information: +(1)Ankara Numune Research and Training Hospital Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. seldaseckin@yahoo.com + +DOI: 10.1177/10668062117 +PMID: 17478778 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1184. Dis Markers. 2007;23(3):167-71. + +Systemic mastocytosis presenting with a prominent B lymphocyte proliferation in +the bone marrow and extensive fibrosis of the spleen. + +Neşe N(1), Cagirgan S, Ertan Y, Sönmez A, Soydan S, Hekimgil M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, +Turkey. nalannese@hotmail.com + +Systemic mastocytosis is a disease characterized by multifocal mast cell +proliferation in the bone marrow or other extracutaneous organs. Because of +loosely scattered and hypo-/agranular mast cells, the diagnosis is sometimes very +difficult. In the bone marrow, mast cell infiltration may be associated with +prominent lymphoid infiltration leading to a misdiagnosis of a low grade +non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A 49-year-old woman presented with right arm and leg pain, +psychiatric symptoms, and diarrhea for four years. Physical examination and +laboratory investigation revealed hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, mild +thrombocytosis, mild leucocytosis and lymphocytosis. In the bone marrow biopsy, +there was a prominent B lymphocyte proliferation reminiscent of a low grade +non-Hodgkin lymphoma/leukemia and there were some spindle cells aggregates in +paratrabecular location. The consecutive bone marrow biopsies were similar to the +first. The subsequent splenectomy specimen exhibited striking fibrosis. In the +lymph node sections, there was marginal zone hyperplasia. Multifocal +accumulations of mast cells were strongly positive with mast cell tryptase and +CD117 on immunohistochemical staining, though no metachromasia was identified in +Giemsa and Toluidine Blue stained aspirates and tissue sections, probably due to +hypo-/agranulation of mast cells. The case was presented to emphasize the +importance of the antibody to mast cell tryptase in the diagnosis of mastocytosis +and to discuss problems of differential diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis. + + +PMCID: PMC3851621 +PMID: 17473386 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1185. Dis Markers. 2007;23(3):161-6. + +Lipoprotein lipase gene PvuII polymorphism serum lipids and risk for coronary +artery disease: meta-analysis. + +Cagatay P(1), Susleyici-Duman B, Ciftci C. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine Department of +Biostatistics, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Our aim was to determine whether lipoprotein lipase gene PvuII polymorphism can +be considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) by +conducting a meta-analysis of all available published trials, including our own +study. In 7 seperate studies, 3289 subjects were screened for this substitution; +meta-analysis included only some of these individuals. Among the 7 studies, 6 +were performed on white subjects, whereas 1 was on patients with Saudi Arabic +descent.Subgroup analysis indicated that individuals with PvuII substitution does +not have an increased risk for CAD. The LPL-PvuII genotype and allele frequency +distributions did not differ significantly between CAD patients and healthy +controls. There was no difference in the distribution of LPL-PvuII genotypes +between the healthy subjects and the patients with CAD. However, no significant +differences in lipid variables (triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol) were determined +for the PvuII polymorphisms in the patients with CAD. No significant differences +were found in serum triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels for LPL-PvuII +genotypes when the control and CAD groups were pooled. In conclusion, LPL-Pvu II +polymorphism cannot be used as independent genetic risk factor for CAD. + + +PMCID: PMC3851052 +PMID: 17473385 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1186. Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Apr;35(3):405-10. + +Histopathology of rainbow trout exposed to sublethal concentrations of methiocarb +or endosulfan. + +Altinok I(1), Capkin E. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Marine Science, Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, +Karadeniz Technical University, Surmene, Trabzon 61530, Turkey. +ialtinok@ktu.edu.tr + +Liver, spleen, trunk kidney, gills, and brain of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus +mykiss) were examined histologically after exposure to different concentrations +of methiocarb (2.5 and 3.75 mg/L) or endosulfan (0.6 and 1.3 micro g/L) for 21 +days. Histological recovery was also studied by maintaining the pesticide-exposed +fish in a freshwater system for an additional 30 d. Lesions were not evident in +liver, kidney, spleen, or brain of fish exposed to either concentration of +methiocarb for 21 d. Lesions were observed in gills, liver, spleen, and trunk +kidney (but not brain) of rainbow trout exposed to either concentration of +endosulfan. There was no concentration-related effect observed on the +histopathological lesions. After 30 days of recovery, fish had no histological +lesions in gills, kidney, spleen, liver, or brain. Therefore all the changes +observed during exposure were reversible. + +DOI: 10.1080/01926230701230353 +PMID: 17455089 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1187. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(6):461-5. Epub 2007 Apr 23. + +Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the perirenal soft tissue misdiagnosed as +renal cell carcinoma. + +Bektas S(1), Okulu E, Kayigil O, Ertoy Baydar D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the kidney or perirenal soft tissue +is a rare benign lesion that can mimic a malignant renal neoplasm. We describe +the case of a 51-year-old woman that had originally been misdiagnosed as renal +cell carcinoma in another hospital. Histologic re-evaluation of the tumor in our +institution showed that it was in fact an IMT. Awareness of this entity is +required for rendering the accurate diagnosis. An association with inflammatory +infiltrate, frequent erythrocyte extravasations, edematous or myxoid stroma, +absence of atypical mitosis, and the results of a detailed immunohistochemical +panel might help in the differential diagnosis. Our patient is recurrence-free in +the 18th month of post-operative follow-up. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.02.002 +PMID: 17451888 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1188. Acta Cytol. 2007 Mar-Apr;51(2):222-6. + +Ectopic lesions as potential pitfalls in fine needle aspiration cytology: a +report of 3 cases derived from the thyroid, endometrium and breast. + +Paksoy N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Cytopathology Laboratory, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey. citographica@superonline.com + +BACKGROUND: Ectopic lesions are rarely encountered. Those that are derived from +thyroid, breast, endometrium and salivary glands present with palpable masses +that can mimic malignancy. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a practical +procedure for the differential diagnosis of such lesions but can reveal +surprising images for a cytopathologist. +CASES: Three cases of discrete, ectopic lesions at different locations occurred. +Case 1 was a 27-year-old woman. Upon diagnosis of a submandibular mass with a +diameter of 1 cm, FNAC was performed. The smears showed crowded thyroid +follicular cells comprising papillary clusters. A cytologic diagnosis of +papillary thyroid lesion was rendered, Histopathology revealed that this lesion +was ectopic thyroid tissue with focal chronic thyroiditis. Case 2 was a +38-year-old woman who presented with a painful mass with a diameter of 2.5 cm in +the abdominal wall. The patient had undergone cesarean section 3 years earlier. +The case was diagnosed on FNAC as low grade malignancy in which an +adenocarcinoma/mesenchymal tumor distinction could not be made. The pathologic +examination revealed endometriosis. Case 3 was a 31-year old woman who presented +with a palpable nodule in the axillary region with a diameter of 1 cm. The +patient had given birth 1 month earlier and was nursing. An FNAC diagnosis of +lactation ectopic breast tissue was made. The mass disappeared by the end of +lactation. +CONCLUSION: FNAC of ectopic lesions may prove to be a diagnostic pitfall for +cytopathologists. A cytopathologist who encounters a cellularpicturefrom a lesion +that is outside the normal anatomic location must use a cautious diagnostic +approach. Unless there are clear findings, the cytopathologist must refrain from +a diagnosis of malignancy. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325722 +PMID: 17425209 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1189. Clin Neuropathol. 2007 Mar-Apr;26(2):80-4. + +Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on cerebral cortex: structural changes +resulting from middle cerebral artery ischemia reperfusion. + +Cengiz N(1), Colakoglu N, Kavakli A, Sahna E, Parlakpinar H, Acet A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Yuzuncu Yil, University Van, +Turkey. nurettincengiz@hotmail.com + +Overproduction of free radicals is important in the pathogenesis of the cerebral +damage induced by ischemia reperfusion. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active +component of propolis extract, exhibits antioxidant properties. The study was +carried out in 16 male Wistar albino rats, divided into two groups: ischemia +reperfusion and ischemia reperfusion with caffeic acid phenethyl ester. The +middle cerebral artery was occluded for 60 min with an intraluminal suture, +followed by 24-h reperfusion. In this study, widespread infarcted areas, red +neurons (eosinophilic degeneration), pyknotic cells, vacuolization and neuroglial +cell infiltration were observed in the cerebral cortex in the ischemia +reperfusion group. In the caffeic acid phenethyl ester group, slightly infarcted +areas were observed and neuroglial cell infiltration was not determined. +Congestion of choroid plexus and pia mater was found more severe in the ischemia +reperfusion group than in the caffeic acid phenethyl ester group. In the caffeic +acid group, neuroglial cell activation was rare. Vacuolization, an indication of +brain edema, was prevented by caffeic acid phenethyl ester. In the present study, +we showed that pre-treatment with a single i.p. injection of caffeic acid +phenethyl ester at 50 microM/kg dose reduced the structural changes. + + +PMID: 17416107 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1190. Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(1):70-2. Epub 2007 Mar 27. + +Multiple subcutaneous nodular metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the +bladder. + +Atmaca AF(1), Akbulut Z, Demirci A, Belenli O, Alici S, Balbay DM. + +Author information: +(1)1st Urology Clinic, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara +06520, Turkey. alifuatatmaca@yahoo.com + +Skin metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder is rare. In +this report an uncommon metastasis of TCC of the bladder is presented. + +DOI: PAOR.2007.13.1.0070 +PMID: 17387392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1191. Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(1):39-46. Epub 2007 Mar 27. + +Genomic alterations in low-grade, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas. + +Arslantas A(1), Artan S, Oner U, Müslümanoglu MH, Ozdemir M, Durmaz R, Arslantas +D, Vural M, Cosan E, Atasoy MA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, +Turkey. aali@ogu.edu.tr + +To extend our understanding of potential stepwise genetic alterations that may +underlie tumor progression from low-grade astrocytomas to glioblastomas, +histopathologic and comparative genomic hybridization analyses were performed on +tumor specimens from 68 primary lesions, including 40 glioblastomas, 10 +anaplastic and 18 low-grade astrocytomas. The number of aberrations per case +increased towards the higher grade tumors (grade II: 1.66+/-1.49; grade III: +2.80+/-1.68; grade IV: 3.02+/-1.07; F=6.955, p=0.002). A gain of 7/7q was common +and the most frequently seen aberration in low-grade astrocytomas, whereas loss +of 10q was the most frequently seen anomaly in anaplastic astrocytomas and +glioblastomas. Chromosome 7p amplification was only detected in glioblastomas. +Chromosome 10/10q deletion and combination of 1p, 19q and 17p deletions were +specific to high-grade astrocytic tumors. Sequences of chromosome 7 and 10 seem +to have pivotal roles in the biology of human gliomas. The genomic copy deletions +of chromosomes 1p and 19q might provide an alternative mechanism in the genesis +of astrocytomas. + +DOI: PAOR.2007.13.1.0039 +PMID: 17387387 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1192. J Cutan Pathol. 2007 Apr;34(4):342-5. + +Colocalization of lipedematous scalp and nevus lipomatosus superficialis: a case +report. + +Mansur AT(1), Yasar S, Aydingöz IE, Göktay F, Ozdemir N, Sungurlu F. + +Author information: +(1)Dermatology Clinic, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. tulinkmansur@hotmail.com + +Lipedematous scalp (LS) is a rare condition of unknown etiology characterized by +a thick, boggy scalp that occurs mostly in adult black females. The main +pathologic finding consists of increased thickness of scalp resulting from +thickening of the subcutaneous fat layer. Nevus lipomatosus superficialis (NLS) +is an uncommon hamartomatous skin tumor characterized by soft, yellowish papules, +or cerebriform plaques, usually localized on the buttock or thigh. Here, we +report a 46-year-old woman who has NLS localized on the occipital area, +accompanied by LS just beneath and peripheral area of this plaque. The diagnoses +of NLS and LS were established by histopathological examination. In addition, the +increase in subcutaneous fat layer was demonstrated using magnetic resonance +imaging. The presented patient is the first case showing colocalization of NLS +and LS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00610.x +PMID: 17381806 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1193. APMIS. 2007 Mar;115(3):259-62. + +Solitary fibrous tumor of the kidney. Case report. + +Bozkurt SU(1), Ahiskali R, Kaya H, Demir A, Ilker Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. subozkurt@hotmail.com + +Solitary fibrous tumors are rare spindle cell neoplasms usually arising in the +pleura. They have, however, also been reported at extrapleural locations. +Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the kidney is rare. Despite its rarity, +histological diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis +with other more aggressive tumors arising in the kidney. We report a solitary +fibrous tumor of the left kidney that presented as a malignant tumor in a +51-year-old woman, and include clinical and radiographic findings. The tumor was +well circumscribed and composed of spindle cells in a collagenous stroma. +Immunohistochemistry showed reactivity for vimentin, CD 34, BCL-2 protein and +CD99. Immunohistochemical stains for cytokeratin, S-100, desmin, alpha-smooth +muscle actin and HMB-45 were negative. A diagnosis of SFT was made based on light +microscopy and immunohistochemistry. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_500.x +PMID: 17367473 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1194. APMIS. 2007 Mar;115(3):204-9. + +C-kit protein expression in uterine and ovarian mesenchymal tumours. + +Erdogan G(1), Bassorgun CI, Pestereli HE, Simsek T, Karaveli S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. +gerdogan@akdeniz.edu.tr + +The protooncogene c-kit encoding transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor protein +plays an important role in the signal transduction pathway that regulates +cellular growth and repair. Gene product KIT overexpression has been shown in a +number of different neoplasms, particularly in mastocytosis and gastrointestinal +stromal tumours (GIST). The morphologic similarity of uterine mesenchymal tumours +and GIST, and the presence of KIT protein in normal uterine tissue, suggests that +uterine sarcomas may have the same c-kit overexpression. The purpose of this +study was to determine the overexpression of c-kit protein in uterine and ovarian +sarcomas. Immunohistochemical staining using a polyclonal anti-c-kit antibody was +performed on tissue blocks from 12 carsinosarcomas, 14 leiomyosarcomas, 8 +endometrial stromal sarcomas, 2 adenosarcomas, 1 atypical leiomyoma, 1 leiomyoma +with limited experience, and 10 leiomyomas. The slides were evaluated by a +semiquantitative method. C-kit was positive in 10 of 12 (83%) carcinosarcomas, 10 +of 14 (71%) leiomyosarcomas, 6 of 8 75(%) endometrial stromal sarcomas, 1 of 2 +(50%) adenosarcomas, 1 leiomyoma with limited experience, and 1 of 10 (10%) +leiomyomas. The uterine sarcomas express c-kit, like GISTs. It seems that KIT may +have a significant role in the oncogenesis of mesenchymal tumours of the uterus +and ovary. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_419.x +PMID: 17367465 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1195. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2007 Mar-Apr;16(2):69-74. + +Procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide shows left ventricular hypertrophy +and diastolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients. + +Demir M(1), Acartürk E, Inal T, Attila G, Dönmez Y, Avkaroğullari M, Cayli M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, +Turkey. mdemir@cu.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: An excess of myocardial collagens in hypertension is a result of +increased collagen synthesis and unchanged or decreased collagen degradation. +Increased collagen content, which is shown by the procollagen type I +carboxy-terminal peptide (PIP), promotes cardiac remodeling and function +abnormalities. +OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess PIP levels as a marker of +myocardial collagen synthesis and to investigate the relationship between PIP +levels and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) as well as diastolic function in +patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. +METHODS: The study subjects were divided into three groups: healthy subjects +(Group I, n=30); hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy +(Group II, n=30); and patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (Group III, +n=30). Left ventricular diastolic function was assessed by standard +echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging. Serum PIP was measured by +radioimmunoassay. +RESULTS: The serum concentration of PIP was higher in Group III than in Groups I +and II (P<.001). A positive correlation was found between serum PIP and LVMI in +hypertensive patients (r=.57, P<.001). Patients with diastolic dysfunction (DD) +had significantly higher PIP levels as compared with patients without DD +(177.3+/-52.25 vs. 138.8+/-38.0 microg/L, P<.001). The cutoff values of PIP to +predict left ventricular hypertrophy and DD were 155.0 microg/L (sensitivity, +84%; specificity, 73%) and 150.2 microg/L (sensitivity, 71%; specificity, 70%), +respectively. +CONCLUSION: An elevated serum concentration of PIP shows left ventricular +hypertrophy and DD in the course of hypertension and may be used to follow up on +the efficacy of the antihypertensive treatment used. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2006.09.010 +PMID: 17317538 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1196. Pathol Res Pract. 2007;203(3):153-62. Epub 2007 Feb 20. + +Immunohistochemical expression of PTEN in normal, hyperplastic and malignant +endometrium and its correlation with hormone receptors, bcl-2, bax, and apoptotic +index. + +Kapucuoglu N(1), Aktepe F, Kaya H, Bircan S, Karahan N, Ciriş M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Cünür, Isparta, +Turkey. kapucuoglun@gmail.com + +PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in type I endometrioid +endometrial carcinomas (EECs), and is involved in the control of cell +proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we aimed to assess +the relationship between PTEN expression and estrogen, progesterone receptors +(PRs), other apoptosis-related proteins, such as bcl-2 and bax, and apoptotic +index (AI) in EEC, its precursor lesion hyperplasia, and cyclical endometrium. We +also evaluated the relationship between PTEN expression and clinicopathologic +parameters. PTEN, estrogen receptor (ER), PR, and bcl-2 and bax expressions were +evaluated immunohistochemically, and AI was evaluated in hematoxylin and eosin +(HE)-stained slides in 23 cyclical and 37 hyperplastic endometria and in 35 EECs. +PTEN expression was higher in cyclical endometrium than in the carcinomas +(p<0.05). The PTEN expression level was significantly higher in non-atypical +hyperplasias than in EEC, but there were no differences between atypical complex +hyperplasia (ACH) and EEC and between hyperplasias. In the carcinomas, there was +a negative correlation between grade and PTEN expression (r=-0.338, p=0.047). In +conclusion, we presume that PTEN is involved in the early phases of endometrial +tumorigenesis, and it can be speculated that decreased PTEN expression with loss +of differentiation in carcinoma can contribute to the emergence of tumors with a +more aggressive phenotype. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.01.003 +PMID: 17317031 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1197. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007 Mar;36(3):147-52. + +The assessment of oral health-related quality of life by factor analysis in +patients with Behcet's disease and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. + +Mumcu G(1), Hayran O, Ozalp DO, Inanc N, Yavuz S, Ergun T, Direskeneli H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Health Science, Faculty of Health Education, Marmara +University, Istanbul, Turkey. goncamumcu@marmara.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to test multidimensional properties of oral +health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) in Behcet's disease (BD) and recurrent +aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients with active oral ulcers. +METHODS: Ninety-six BD patients, 28 patients with RAS and 117 healthy controls +(HC) were included in this study. In patients with active oral ulcers, the +frequency and healing time of ulcers were recorded. Multidimensional properties +of OHIP-14 were examined by factor analysis. +RESULTS: Factor analysis revealed three subscales and explained 66.49% of overall +variance in these patients with active oral ulcers. The score of Subscale 1 was +positively correlated with the recurrence of oral ulcers per month (P = 0.037). +Subscale 3 scores of the patients treated with colchicine were worse than those +treated with immunosuppressives (P = 0.035). +CONCLUSIONS: The factor structure of OHIP-14 was found to be reliable and +sensitive to clinical parameters and treatment modalities in active patients. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00514.x +PMID: 17305636 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1198. J Cutan Pathol. 2007 Mar;34(3):257-63. + +Nature of cell kinetics in psoriatic epidermis. + +Doger FK(1), Dikicioglu E, Ergin F, Unal E, Sendur N, Uslu M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, +Turkey. fkdoger@gmail.com + +Comment in + J Cutan Pathol. 2008 Mar;35(3):346. + +BACKGROUND: Psoriasis vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory dermatosis. +Disorders in keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, inflammation and immune +dysregulation are the major factors implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis +vulgaris. +METHODS: The study was performed in skin specimens of 25 patients with psoriasis +vulgaris and a control group of 10 individuals without a skin disease. Biopsy +specimens from lesional and normal skin were analyzed by immunohistochemical +method for expressions of Ki-67, Bcl-2, terminal deoxynucleotidyl +transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL), tumor necrosis factor +alpha (TNF-alpha) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). In addition, densities +of mast cell infiltration were also investigated. +RESULTS: Ki-67 and TUNEL indexes and TNF-alpha and NF-kappaB expressions were +significantly higher in psoriatic epidermis than in normal epidermis (p < 0.05). +There was no significant difference at Bcl-2 reactivity between the normal and +the psoriatic epidermis (p > 0.05); however, Bcl-2 staining intensity of +lymphocytes was higher in psoriatic lesions than in normal dermis (p < 0.05). +Additionally, the number of mast cells was significantly higher in psoriatic +dermis than in normal skin (p < 0.05). +CONCLUSIONS: There were several complex factors involved in the pathogenesis of +psoriasis. We conclude that cellular damage and apoptosis temporarily coincide +with epidermal proliferation during the course of psoriatic hyperplasia. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00719.x +PMID: 17302610 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1199. J Cutan Pathol. 2007 Mar;34(3):213-9. + +Effect of PUVA, narrow-band UVB and cyclosporin on inflammatory cells of the +psoriatic plaque. + +Erkin G(1), Uğur Y, Gürer CK, Aşan E, Korkusuz P, Sahin S, Kölemen F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. gulerkin@hacettepe.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Because antigen presenting is necessary for T-cell activation, +antigen-presenting cells should be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In +this study, our purpose was to evaluate and compare effects of PUVA, cyclosporine +A and narrow-band UVB on dendritic cells and activated lymphocytes in the +psoriatic lesions. +METHODS: Forty-five volunteered patients (15 patients in each treatment group as +PUVA, cyclosporin A and narrow-band UVB) were enrolled in this study. Lesional +skin biopsies were taken from each patient before and after treatments. Fresh +frozen biopsies were studied for the expressions of CD1a, CD68, CD86, CD4, CD8 +and HLA-DR proteins by immunohistochemistry. +RESULTS: There was no correlation between severity of the lesions and expressions +of the antigens. Only PUVA significantly decreased CD1a+ epidermal Langerhans +cells' (LCs) counts. Treatment modalities decreased expression of costimulator +CD86, and most of them decrease antigen-presenting capacity of skin by decreasing +HLA class-II expression. +CONCLUSIONS: All treatment modalities equally reduce lymphocytes, macrophages and +dendritic cells. PUVA is the only treatment that decreases epidermal LCs. All +treatments effectively diminish expression of CD86 and inhibit this step of +inflammation. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00591.x +PMID: 17302604 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1200. Pathol Int. 2007 Feb;57(2):115-9. + +Malignant granular cell tumor with unusual histological features. + +Behzatoğlu K(1), Bahadir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Educational and Research Hospital, Ministry +of Health, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Malignant granular cell tumor, although uncommon, should be differentiated from a +number of granular cell-containing tumors. Reported herein is a distinctive +variant of malignant granular cell tumor, clinically presenting as a rapidly +enlarging scrotal mass, in which some areas morphologically displayed features +indistinguishable from Kaposi sarcoma. Cells in areas simulating Kaposi sarcoma +were immunohistochemically the same as typical granular cells in other portions +of the tumor. The recognition of this pattern is important because it may +predominate and overshadow the original nature of tumor. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2006.02066.x +PMID: 17300677 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1201. APMIS. 2007 Feb;115(2):115-9. + +Elastofibroma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of seven cases +and literature review. + +Gun BD(1), Bahadir B, Behzatoglu K, Gun MO, Ozdamar SO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, +Zonguldak, Turkey. banudogangun@yahoo.com + +Elastofibroma is a rare fibrous lesion characterized by accumulated abnormal +elastic fibers whose etiology remains largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed +seven cases of elastofibroma to further explore the characteristics of its +cellular composition. Immunohistochemistry was performed for mast cell tryptase, +S-100 protein, vimentin, CD34, smooth muscle actin, desmin and collagen type IV. +Histochemical staining methods for Gomori's trichrome and Verhoeff elastica-van +Gieson were also evaluated. Histopathologically, a haphazard array of collagen, +eosinophilic amorphous fibers, and globules in a fibrous tissue was seen. The +elastic nature of the fibers was confirmed by elastic stain, and with Gomori's +trichrome collagen fibers were also demonstrated. The interspersed spindle or +stellate cells were almost consistently positive for vimentin and frequently +positive for CD34. Mast cell tryptase-positive cells were present in five of the +cases. Collagen type IV immunoreactivity was seen in two cases. No staining was +observed with smooth muscle actin, desmin or S-100 protein. Our findings suggest +that CD34-positive mesenchymal cells are an integral component of elastofibroma. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_525.x +PMID: 17295677 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1202. Pathol Int. 2007 Mar;57(3):158-61. + +Myointimoma of the glans penis. + +Vardar E(1), Gunlusoy B, Arslan M, Kececi S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, SB Izmir Teaching and Training Hospital, Osmangazi +35030, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. envervardar@ttnet.net.tr + +Myointimoma is a recently described benign tumor, which is regarded as a rare +type of mesenchymal tumor of the penis. The present patient was a 50-year-old man +who had a nodule located in the glans penis. He had a 2 month history of a mass. +An excisional biopsy was performed. The histological findings revealed a +multinodular tumor that was characterized by spindle-shaped cells located in the +intravascular area. This case, in addition to 11 cases reported in the +literature, demonstrates that the myointimoma is frequently misdiagnosed on +clinical and pathological grounds because of its rarity. Histological and +immunohistochemical features are summarized on the basis of the present case and +previously published reports. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2006.02074.x +PMID: 17295649 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1203. Pol J Pathol. 2006;57(4):209-11. + +Fibroadenoma of the ectopic breast of the axilla--a case report. + +Ciralik H(1), Bulbuloglu E, Arican O, Citil R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sutcuimam University of Kahramanmaras, Faculty of +Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. hciralik@yahoo.com + +Polymastia is a term that is used to describe the presence of more than two +breasts in human beings. It is synonymous with supernumerary or accessory breast +tissue. In the ectopic breast tissue any disease can develop that affects the +normal breast, including fibroadenoma. We reported a case of fibroadenoma of the +axilla in a 23-year-old woman. Differential diagnosis of an axillary mass should +also include fibroadenoma in an ectopic breast tissue. + + +PMID: 17285765 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1204. Exp Mol Pathol. 2007 Aug;83(1):1-3. Epub 2006 Dec 30. + +Primer-engineered multiplex PCR-RFLP for detection of MTHFR C677T, prothrombin +G20210A and factor V Leiden mutations. + +Koksal V(1), Baris I, Etlik O. + +Author information: +(1)Burc Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes that code for coagulation factors V +(factor V Leiden) and II (prothrombin, G20210A), as well as the +methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR, C677T) gene, have been implicated in +the majority of cases of hereditary thrombophilia. We have developed a multiplex +PCR-RFLP assay based on MnlI endonuclease digestion for the simultaneous +detection of mutations in the FV, FII, and MTHFR genes. Digested amplification +products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis in a single gel lane and visualized +by ethidium bromide. This approach is a rapid and convenient method, hence +economic, that alternate to others described for the detection of FVL, G20210A +and C677T mutations. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2006.12.006 +PMID: 17275807 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1205. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Apr;58(5):367-74. Epub 2007 Jan 30. + +Adrenomedullin fails to reduce cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. + +Eşrefoglu M(1), Gül M, Dogru MI, Dogru A, Yürekli M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, +Malatya 44280, Turkey. mdrmukaddes@yahoo.com + +Recent studies have demonstrated that chronic cadmium administration induces +oxidative stress. In the present study, we investigated the possible therapeutic +effect of adrenomedullin, a potent antioxidant, in cadmium-induced morphological, +ultrastructural and biochemical alterations. Two groups of rats were exposed to +100 ppm of CdCl(2) in drinking water for four weeks. One of these groups received +3000 ng/kg body weight of adrenomedullin (AdM) intraperitoneally during the last +week. Hepatic oxidative stress markers were evaluated by changes in the amount of +lipid peroxides and changes in the antioxidant enzyme activities, superoxide +dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GSH) +levels. Hepatic damage score was significantly higher in Cd-administered rats +than those of controls (p<0.005). Cd-induced ultrastructural changes in +hepatocytes included focal parenchymal cell necrosis, dilatation of rough +endoplasmic reticulum, proliferation of lysosomes and mitochondrial degeneration. +Hepatic damage was accompanied by significant increase in tissue MDA level +(p<0.05) and significant decrease in tissue GSH level (p<0.05), and SOD and GPx +activities (p>0.05, p>0.005, respectively). Adrenomedullin failed to restore the +light and electron microscopic, and biochemical changes. We conclude that +although we administered a high dose of adrenomedullin, it failed to reduce +cadmium-induced hepatic damage probably because of the irreversibility of +Cd-induced hepatic injury. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2006.11.006 +PMID: 17267195 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1206. Cytopathology. 2007 Feb;18(1):52-5. + +A swelling in the submandibular gland: diagnostic pitfall. + +Paksoy N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Cyto-Pathology Laboratory, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey. +citographica@superonline.com + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00320.x +PMID: 17250604 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1207. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2007 Feb;11(1):34-8. + +Intraductal growth-type mucin-producing peripheral cholangiocarcinoma associated +with biliary papillomatosis. + +Güllüoglu MG(1), Ozden I, Poyanli A, Cevikbas U, Ariogul O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +34390 Istanbul, Turkey. mggullu@istanbul.edu.tr + +A 64-year-old woman with upper abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting was admitted. +The magnetic resonance imaging revealed marked dilation and "crowding" of the +segment 4 bile ducts with an area suspicious for a stone or tumor. +Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography revealed +multiple filling defects in the segment 4 bile ducts, the left and common hepatic +ducts. A left hepatectomy and cholecystectomy was performed. Dilated bile ducts +containing mucinous material and a mass in the cystically dilated bile ducts of +segment 4 were detected in the gross examination. It showed continuity within the +surrounding dilated bile ducts. The dilated bile ducts of the segments 2 and 3 +contained mucinous material without any apparent mass formation. Microscopically, +the bile ducts were lined by biliary epithelium displaying simple and complex +papillary structures with moderate to severe degree of dysplastic changes. The +mass was composed of complex papillary structures filling the bile duct with a +few foci of invasion. The papillary structures were composed of mucin-producing +columnar cells as well as cells with oncocytic appearance. Patchy cytokeratin 7, +cytokeratin 19, hepatocyte paraffin 1, MUC2, and CDX2 immunopositivities were +observed. Biliary papillomatosis, mucin-producing intrahepatic +cholangiocarcinoma, and intraductal papillary-type peripheral cholangiocarcinoma +are in the same disease spectrum of papillary biliary neoplasm and termed as +intraductal papillary neoplasm of the liver. Mucinous hypersecretion and signs of +mucobilia are considered specific and should raise the suspicion of lesions in +this spectrum. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2006.09.003 +PMID: 17240305 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1208. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007 Feb;36(2):123-5. + +Three siblings with juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. + +Uslu H(1), Bal N, Guzeldemir E, Pektas ZO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, +Ankara, Turkey. usluhilala.dana@yahoo.com + +Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is an extremely rare hereditary genetic +disease of autosomal recessive transmission that is characterized by large +cutaneous tumors commonly involving the scalp, papulonodular skin lesions, +flexural joint contractures, gingival hyperplasia, and osteolytic bone lesions. +JHF is usually diagnosed in young infants and in children younger than 5 years, +and the lesions characteristic of this disorder consist of fibrous tissue and +homogenous amorphous eosinophilic hyaline material. We report the case of a +9-year-old girl with severe gingival hyperplasia, nasal enlargement, mild +osteoporosis, and multiple papulonodular skin lesions. Her two brothers (7 and 13 +years of age, respectively) were also diagnosed as having JHF. In the patient +described in this report, the maintenance of oral hygiene after gingivectomy +enabled the continued resolution of gingival hyperplasia, although skin lesions +recurred and nasal overgrowth persisted. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00475.x +PMID: 17238977 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1209. APMIS. 2006 Dec;114(12):829-36. + +Efficacies of caspofungin and a combination of caspofungin and meropenem in the +treatment of murine disseminated candidiasis. + +Ozcan SK(1), Budak F, Willke A, Filiz S, Costur P, Dalcik H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Kocaeli University, +Medical Faculty, Kocaeli, Turkey. keceliozcan@yahoo.com + +Disseminated candidiasis is relatively common in immunocompromised patients. The +treatment protocol of these patients usually includes broad-spectrum antibiotics +and also emprical antifungals initiated due to unresponsiveness to antibiotics. +In this study the efficacies of caspofungin and meropenem - separately and +together - in mice with disseminated candidiasis were studied. Immunocompetent +mice were infected intravenously with 2x10(6) CFU of Candida albicans. At 24 h +postinfection, intraperitoneal therapy was initiated and was continued for 7 +days. Therapy groups included those given caspofungin (0.5, 1.25, 5 mg/kg/day), +meropenem (20 mg/kg/day), and a combination of the two drugs. The outcome of +therapy was evaluated by kidney tissue burden studies and histologic examination. +In vitro, drug susceptibilities were tested by checkerboard analysis. Kidney CFU +counts showed that mice that had received both drugs had lower residual burdens. +Caspofungin was effective at doses of 0.5, 1.25, 5 mg/kg compared to infected +untreated controls. In vitro, MICs of caspofungin and meropenem were <0.075 micro +g/ml and >64 micro g/ml, respectively. Synergism was observed with the +combination. Histopathology showed that the degree of inflammation was 25% less +and tubular necrosis was more restricted in combined therapy than monotherapy. +The results indicate that concurrent caspofungin and meropenem therapy may be +beneficial. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_450.x +PMID: 17207082 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1210. Neuropathology. 2006 Dec;26(6):544-9. + +Mechanism of cerebral fat embolism in subarachnoid hemorrhage: an experimental +study. + +Aydin MD(1), Kotan D, Aydin N, Gundogdu C, Onder A, Akcay F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, +Turkey. nmda11@hotmail.com + +Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may cause neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE), and +chylomicron metabolism may be destroyed in injured lungs. We aimed to investigate +the effect of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE), if present, on the development of +cerebral fat embolism. This study has been conducted on 20 rabbits. Experimental +SAH has been applied to half of the animals by injecting homologous blood into +the cisterna magna, and the remaining half was applied only isotonic saline +solution in the same manner under general anesthesia. After 20 days, all animals +were killed. Their lungs and brains were examined histopathologically. Six +animals died of SAH between 16 and 20 days, and foamy hemorrhagic parenchymal +lesions and intra-alveolar hemorrhage were observed in their lungs. Fat globules +were abundantly found in cerebral arteries of six of all the non-surviving +animals. But, minimal histopathological changes were found in the lungs and +brains of the surviving animals. Cerebral fat embolism was detected in only one +animal that was given isotonic solution. SAH may cause NPE and result in lung +tissue destruction. Chylomicron metabolism may be disordered in the destructed +lungs and leakage of chylomicrons into systemic circulation may be facilitated +via destroyed lung barrier. These pathologic processes may lead to cerebral fat +embolism. + + +PMID: 17203591 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1211. Pathol Oncol Res. 2006;12(4):211-5. Epub 2006 Dec 25. + +Clinical findings and HER-2/neu gene amplification status of breast carcinoma +patients. + +Sahin FI(1), Yilmaz Z, Yagmurdur MC, Atac FB, Ozdemir BH, Karakayali H, Demirhan +B, Haberal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Baskent University Faculty of +Medicine, Ankara, 06570, Turkey. feridesahin@hotmail.com + +The study group was derived from the archival materials of 48 invasive +intraductal breast cancer patients who had undergone partial mastectomy/ axillary +dissection. All patients included in the study had clinically T1-2N0M0 invasive +ductal carcinoma. To detect HER-2/neu status, fluorescent in situ hybridization +was performed using a HER-2/neu locus-specific probe. Signals were counted and +patients were classified in three groups according to signal ratios: signal ratio +<2, group 1 (n=31); signal ratio 2-4, group 2 (n=11); signal ratio >4, group 3 +(n=6). Ratios of axillary metastatic lymph nodes to dissected total lymph nodes +were 17%, 23% and 83% in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively (P=0.003). The number of +metastatic axillary lymph nodes, and the ratio of microscopic metastatic lymph +nodes were highest in group 3 (P=0.001 and P=0.008, respectively). No significant +difference was observed between groups for distant metastasis in a 5-year +follow-up period. Signal ratios decreased with estrogen receptor expression +(P=0.03). Histopathologically, an irregular growth pattern of the tumor was +observed in 100% of the patients in group 3, and in 54% and 60% in groups 1 and +2, respectively (P=0.04). Lymphovascular invasion of the tumor was significantly +higher in group 3 compared to the other two groups (P=0.01). The extensive +intraductal component ratio was the highest in group 3 (P=0.04). The appearance +of desmoplastic reaction and lymphocyte infiltration did not show significant +difference between the groups. Our results show that HER-2/neu signal ratio +increases with lymphovascular invasion, an extensive intraductal component, +irregular growth pattern and axillary metastasis in clinically T1-2N0M0 invasive +ductal carcinoma of the breast. + +DOI: PAOR.2006.12.4.0211 +PMID: 17189983 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1212. J Cutan Pathol. 2006 Dec;33(12):788-92. + +Examination of bcl-2 and p53 expressions and apoptotic index by TUNEL method in +psoriasis. + +Gündüz K(1), Demireli P, Vatansever S, Inanir I. + +Author information: +(1)School of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Turkey. turankamer@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is characterised by hyperproliferation and by aberrant +differentiation. Blockage of the normal apoptotic process is one of the factors +implicated in the pathogenesis. +OBJECTIVE: To determine the apoptotic features by using TUNEL method and also +bcl-2 and p53 expressions in psoriatic epidermis. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biopsies of 35 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 14 +normal skin were evaluated. Apoptotic cells were detected using the dUTP nick-end +labelling assay; bc1-2 and p53 expressions were assessed by using +immunohistochemical techniques. A semi-quantitative grading system (HSCORE) was +used for comparison. +RESULTS: Bcl-2 was strongly expressed in basal keratinocytes of normal skin, +while no expression was observed in 13 (37.2%) of the psoriatic samples and it +was weakly expressed in the spinous cell layer of 22 (62.8%) samples. Moderate +p53 expression was observed in the psoriasis group, while it was weak in the +control. The percentage of TUNEL positive cells were significantly increased in +the psoriasis group (65+/-2.30) when compared with the control (32.84+/-7.16). +CONCLUSION: Apoptotic index besides bc1-2 and p53 expressions in psoriasis differ +from normal epidermis. Down-regulation of bc1-2 is consistent with the dynamics +of psoriasis but increased TUNEL positive cells and p53 expression has not been +fully elucidated yet. Gündüz K, Demireli P, Vatansever S, Inanir I. Examination +of bcl-2 and p53 expressions and apoptotic index by TUNEL method in psoriasis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00564.x +PMID: 17177938 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1213. Toxicol Pathol. 2006;34(6):716-22. + +The effect of cyclosporin A on alveolar bone in rats subjected to experimental +periodontal disease. + +Cetinkaya BO(1), Acikgoz G, Keles GC, Ayas B, Korkmaz A. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ondokuzmayis University, +Samsun 55139, Turkey. dtcetinkaya@yahoo.com + +Cyclosporine A (CsA), broadly used in organ transplantation, may contribute to +pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the +effects of CsA on alveolar bone in rats subjected or not to experimental +periodontal disease using biochemical, radiographic, and histometric analysis. +Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 equal groups: Group I (Control), Group II +(CsA was injected subcutaneously in a daily dose of 10 mg/kg), Group III +(Ligature was placed around the mandibular molars), Group IV (Ligature+CsA). +After 60 days, rats were decapitated, serum alkaline phosphatase and calcium +levels were measured. Radiographic-alveolar bone loss (ABL), histometric-ABL, and +percentage of new alveolar bone formation (NABF%) were determined on mandibular +molars. Significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase levels (p < 0.001), no +significant difference in calcium levels were observed (p > 0.05) in Group IV +compared to Group III. Radiographic and histometric-ABL were significantly less +(p < 0.001), NABF% was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in Group IV than in Group +III. No significant difference in any of the parameters between Group II and +Group I was found. It can be concluded that in the presence of periodontal +disease, CsA treatment may bring out an imbalance in the alveolar bone +homeostasis by decreasing resorption and stimulating formation of alveolar bone +in rats. + +DOI: 10.1080/01926230600826269 +PMID: 17162529 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1214. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Dec;27(4):345-6. + +Amended forensic autopsy legal procedures in Turkey during integration with the +European Union (EU). + +Celbis O(1), Aydin NE, Kok AN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, +Malatya, Turkey. + +European Union (EU) is expanding its territories, and Turkey has been making +adaptive changes in many aspects for an integration with EU. In this regard, +amendments on forensic autopsy procedures have been effective from June 1, 2005. +This article delineates these changes, emphasizing the differences between the +previous and the current procedures. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000233541.86792.4a +PMID: 17133036 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1215. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Dec;27(4):296-9. + +Image analysis as an adjunct to sodium rhodizonate test in the evaluation of +gunshot residues: an experimental study. + +Tugcu H(1), Yorulmaz C, Karslioglu Y, Uner HB, Koc S, Ozdemir C, Ozaslan A, +Celasun B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, +Turkey. htugcu@gata.edu.tr + +It is important to investigate the clothing, as well as the body, to determine +the range of fire of entry wounds in firearm injuries. Clothing can affect the +amount of gunshot residues (GSR) reaching the body and their distribution. The +amount and distribution of the GSR also vary according to the distance between +the firearm and the target. Sodium rhodizonate test provides valuable data when +clothing is available for examination. In the absence of clothing, light +microscopic examinations may add additional information regarding the range of +fire. In this study, a sodium rhodizonate test was done on 80 garment samples +containing the bullet entrance. The 80 calfskin samples were processed +histologically and were stained using Alizarin Red S. These were also evaluated +with computer-assisted image analysis. Gross residues were seen on military +camouflage clothing in samples from < or = 45-cm group. White flannel undershirts +under the military camouflage contained rhodizonate-positive particles only +around the contact wounds. With image analysis, however, the residues could be +detected also in the skin samples of the 2.5-cm- and 5-cm-range groups. We +suggest that the image analysis can be combined with other techniques and it can +provide valuable data in the determination of entry wounds and also in the +estimation of firing distance. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000248739.79253.25 +PMID: 17133023 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1216. Diagn Pathol. 2006 Nov 21;1:44. + +A rare case of sarcoidosis involving the middle turbinates: an incidental +diagnosis. + +Erbek S(1), Erbek SS, Tosun E, Cakmak O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. seyraerbek@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is a chronic, systemic granulomatous disease of unknown +etiology that features noncaseating granulomas in many body regions. Sinonasal +involvement is rare but is also suspected to be underreported. +CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 39-year-old woman who was +incidentally diagnosed with isolated sarcoidosis involving the middle turbinates. +Histopathologic examination of resected concha bullosa material and an extensive +panel of diagnostic tests revealed a diagnosis of isolated sarcoidosis. Since no +systemic manifestations were detected, topical corticosteroid (nasal spray) was +administered in the postoperative period. Throughout the 12 months after surgery, +the patient remained free of symptoms and all nasal endoscopy examinations were +normal. +CONCLUSION: Although isolated nasal involvement of sarcoidosis is rare, +otorhinolaryngologists should consider this condition in a differential diagnosis +for sinonasal complaints. + +DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-1-44 +PMCID: PMC1661595 +PMID: 17118178 + + +1217. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2006 Nov-Dec;15(6):354-5. + +Huge biatrial cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma resulting in bilateral atrioventricular +valve obstruction. + +Tavil Y(1), Turkoglu S, Tacoy G, Cemri M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +yusuftavil@gmail.com + +We present a case report of a 28-year-old man with a huge tumor that occupies +both dilated atria almost completely but not extending into the ventricles. +Cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma (CR) is extremely rare in adult patients. Its rarity and +heterogenous clinical presentation make diagnosis difficult. In our case, after +we have made an initial diagnosis via echocardiography, we took biopsies under +computed tomography (CT) guiding. Histologic examination showed a CR. We want to +emphasize that CT-guided biopsy is a useful and applicable technique in +establishing preoperative diagnosis of intracardiac masses. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2006.07.008 +PMID: 17113015 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1218. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2007 Jul;72(4):276-80. + +The apoptosis of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes in sickle cell disease. + +Ozdogu H(1), Boga C, Sozer O, Sezgin N, Kizilkilic E, Maytalman E, Yalcintas D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: The apoptosis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in +patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) is not well understood. The goal of this +study was to examine the apoptosis of PMNs in patients with SCD and in controls. +METHODS: Flow cytometric quantitation of PMN apoptosis was performed in 17 +patients during and after sickle cell vasoocclusive crisis and in 17 healthy +volunteers. Plasma nitric oxide concentrations were also measured in patients +with SCD. +RESULTS: The mean of annexin-V and annexin-V/PI staining (early and late +apoptotic cells) increased to a greater degree in patients with SCD than in +healthy controls for patients with SCD during and after vasoocclusive crisis. The +mean of PI staining showing dead cells was higher only in patients after SCD +crisis than in healthy controls. In the SCD groups during and after vasoocclusive +crisis, there was no difference between PMN apoptosis levels. Furthermore, plasma +nitric oxide concentrations were not correlated with PMN apoptosis. +CONCLUSIONS: There was an evidence that the alteration of blood PMN apoptosis +could contribute to the pathogenetic mechanisms of vasoocclusion in patients with +SCD. This can be attributed to the effects of numerous inflammatory mediators +rather than simply the effects of nitric oxide. + +Copyright 2007 Clinical Cytometry Society. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20160 +PMID: 17111385 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1219. APMIS. 2006 Nov;114(11):818-20. + +A sporadic case of visceral leishmaniasis from Kocaeli, Turkey. + +Meriç M(1), Aydogan A, Sarper N, Arisoy ES. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, Kocaeli +University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. drmelihameric@gmail.com + +Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are endemic in the western and southeastern +parts of Turkey. We report a sporadic case of visceral leishmaniasis from +Kocaeli, which is not an endemic area. The patient, a 10-month-old male infant, +had since birth never been outside the city. He was referred to our hospital with +a one-month history of fever. Antibiotics were administered but fever persisted. +There were Leishman bodies in the bone marrow aspirate, both in macrophages and +in clusters among other cells. Immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) detected +no antibodies in the mother. Liposomal amphotericin B was administered. Visceral +leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with +persistant fever, hepatosplenomegaly and cytopenia, even in nonendemic areas. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_474.x +PMID: 17078864 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1220. APMIS. 2006 Nov;114(11):784-7. + +Use of DNA hybridization test for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis in women with +symptoms suggestive of infection. + +Gazi H(1), Degerli K, Kurt O, Teker A, Uyar Y, Caglar H, Kurutepe S, Surucuoglu +S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Celal Bayar University, +School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey. horugazi@hotmail.com + +The purpose of this study was to evaluate a DNA hybridization test (Affirm VPIII) +as an alternative to Gram stain for the rapid diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in +women with clinical signs of vaginal infection. Vaginal specimens were collected +from 321 symptomatic women, and analyzed for bacterial vaginosis by both Gram +stain using Nugent criteria and DNA hybridization test. Sensitivity, specificity, +positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the DNA hybridization +test were determined using the Gram staining as the standard for diagnosis of +bacterial vaginosis. Of the 321 patients, 115 (35.8%) were Gram positive for +bacterial vaginosis and 126 (39.2%) were negative. 80 patients (25.0%) +demonstrated intermediate Gram staining that was also considered negative. The +Affirm system detected G. vaginalis in 107 (93.0%) of 115 vaginal specimens +positive for bacterial vaginosis diagnosed by Gram stain. Compared to the Gram +stain, DNA hybridization test had a sensitivity of 87.7% and a specificity of +96.0%. Positive and negative predictive values of the DNA hybridization test were +93.0% and 92.7%, respectively. In conclusion, Affirm VPIII hybridization test +correlated well with Gram stain and may be used as a rapid diagnostic tool to +exclude bacterial vaginosis in women with genital complaints. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_485.x +PMID: 17078859 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1221. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2007 Jan 15;72(1):43-8. + +Age-dependent decreases in mitogen-stimulation level and RNA content in +peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Down syndrome patients. + +Hamurcu Z(1), Demirtas H, Patiroglu T, Kumandas S, Imamoglu N, Ozkul Y, +Donmez-Altuntas H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, 38039 +Kayseri, Turkey. zhamurcu@erciyes.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether or not the +phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated proliferation and average RNA content in +peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Down syndrome (DS) patients change +with age. +METHOD: Stimulated portion of PBMC and total RNA levels in these cells after 72 h +of PHA stimulation from 38 DS patients were compared with 28 age-matched healthy +controls using flow cytometric measurement. +RESULTS: Decreased ratio of PBMC from DS patients undergoes mitogenic stimulation +with age (r = -0.84, P = 0.000). This decrease is not observed in the cells of +control individuals (r = 0.03, P = 0.869). Stimulated PBMC in infants with DS +have higher level of RNA contents compared to controls (Z = 2.227, P = 0.026). +While RNA content in mitogen-stimulated PBMC of DS decreased progressively and +significantly with age (r = -0.70, P = 0.000), no significant age-related change +in RNA content was found among the cells of healthy individuals in the range of +0-27 year old (r = 0.275, P = 0.157, P > 0.05). +CONCLUSION: Age-dependent decreases in mitogen-activated proliferation ratio and +average RNA content of PBMC from DS patients appear as regular events. These +results may contribute to the explanation of the immune deficiency seen in DS +patients since the PHA-stimulated cells are principally T-lymphocytes. This is +the first report on the decrease in PHA-stimulated proliferation ratio +(stimulability) and RNA level in PBMC of DS patients in relation to age. + +(c) 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20139 +PMID: 17041944 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1222. Tissue Antigens. 2006 Oct;68(4):293-6. + +Genetic susceptibility to rheumatic heart disease and streptococcal pharyngitis: +association with HLA-DR alleles. + +Haydardedeoğlu FE(1), Tutkak H, Köse K, Düzgün N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a systemic inflammatory disease that develops as a +consequence of an exaggerated immune response to group A beta-haemolytic +streptococci, which causes pharyngitis. Major manifestations of ARF include +carditis, arthritis and chorea. Several investigators have attempted to establish +a relation between ARF and human leucocyte antigens (HLA). Heterogeneity in +various studies has been found, although associations with certain antigens were +reported. The aim of this study was to analyse whether HLA-DR alleles play a role +in the resistance or susceptibility to streptococci-related disorders including +rheumatic heart disease (RHD) as a sequela of ARF and recurrent streptococcal +pharyngitis in Turkish patients. The study included 102 patients with RHD, 71 +persons with recurrent streptococcal pharyngitis and 130 healthy controls. HLA-DR +alleles were typed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific +primers. Positive association with HLA-DRB1*07 allele was found for RHD when +compared with healthy controls [29.4% vs 13.1%; P < 0.01, P-corrected: P < 0.01, +odds ratio (OR) 2.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-5.26] and also for +recurrent streptococcal pharyngitis (26.8% vs 13.1%; P < 0.05, P-corrected: P < +0.05, OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.17-3.56). The frequency of HLA-DRB1*11 allele was +decreased in patients with RHD (23.5% vs 42.3%; P < 0.01, P-corrected: P < 0.01, +OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.24-0.75). Data suggest that HLA-DRB1*07 allele may be a genetic +factor in increasing the susceptibility to develop RHD and recurrent +streptococcal pharyngitis. HLA-DRB1*11 allele seems to be a protective factor +against RHD. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00678.x +PMID: 17026463 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1223. Acta Cytol. 2006 Sep-Oct;50(5 Suppl):1-2. + +"Cellula omni e cellula" in Turkey. + +Paksoy N(1), Ersöz C. + +Author information: +(1)Cytopathology Lab, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey. + + +PMID: 17017428 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1224. Pathology. 2006 Oct;38(5):408-14. + +The prognostic significance of angiogenesis and the effect of vascular +endothelial growth factor on angiogenic process in Wilms' tumour. + +Ozluk Y(1), Kilicaslan I, Gulluoglu MG, Ayan I, Uysal V. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Turkey. yasozluk@hotmail.com + +AIMS: There is a subgroup of patients with Wilms' tumour (WT) having favourable +clinicopathological features but adverse outcome. We aimed to investigate the +prognostic significance of angiogenesis and whether it can be used for predicting +which patients will fall into this category, and the possible role of vascular +endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on angiogenesis in WT. +METHODS: Tumours in nephrectomy specimens from 63 WT patients were investigated +for neovascularisation and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry. The +endothelial cells were highlighted by anti-CD34 and anti-CD31, and the +microvessels in the hot-spots were counted. Correlations between the microvessel +density (MVD), VEGF expression, clinicopathological features and prognosis were +studied. +RESULTS: Among 21 patients with follow-up data, favourable histology was detected +in 17, seven of which died of disease. Patients with highly vascular tumours +showed significantly poorer prognosis than those with low vascular tumours. There +was no significant relationship between angiogenesis and VEGF expression. VEGF +immunostaining revealed various patterns in different components of WT. +CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that high MVD can be used as an indicator of poor +prognosis with WT patients displaying favourable histology and there might be +some additional growth factors other than VEGF which may also be responsible for +angiogenesis in WTs. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020600922926 +PMID: 17008278 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1225. Clin Neuropathol. 2006 Sep-Oct;25(5):216-20. + +Cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) expression and angiogenesis in intracranial ependymomas. + +Onguru O(1), Kurt B, Gunhan O, Soylemezoglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Hacettepe +University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. onguruo@yahoo.com + +AIM: Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), the inducible key enzyme in the biosynthesis of +prostaglandins, appears to play a role in the regulation of progression, +invasiveness and angiogenesis of various neoplasms including some glial tumors. +Little is known about the role of Cox-2 in angiogenesis and proliferation of +ependymomas. We studied Cox-2 expression, Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) and +microvessel density (MVD) in 30 intracranial ependymomas and analyzed the +relationship among these parameters to evaluate their importance in the tumor +biology of ependymomas. +RESULTS: The mean Ki-67 LI for all tumors ranged from 1 - 50% (mean 9%). +Statistically significant difference was present for Ki-67 LI between ependymomas +(grade II, WHO) and anaplastic ependymomas (grade III, WHO) (p < 0.001) (mean +Ki-67 LI for ependymoma, 2.8%, for anaplastic ependymomas, 15.6%). Anaplastic +ependymomas did not demonstrate a greater vascularization than ependymomas, and +the MVD values were 84.5 +/- 39.7 for ependymomas, and 90.6 +/- 61.4 for +anaplastic ependymomas. Cox-2 immunohistochemical expression was observed in 19 +tumors (63%). Although Cox-2 expression was slightly higher in anaplastic +ependymomas, it was not statistically significant. No correlation was found +between Cox-2 expression and MVD and Ki-67 LI. +CONCLUSION: Similar to morphologic and prognostic heterogeneity in ependymomas, +Cox-2 expression, MVD and Ki-67 LI also show a great variability. Other factors +may be more important for the proliferation and angiogenesis of ependymomas. + + +PMID: 17007443 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1226. J Cutan Pathol. 2006 Sep;33 Suppl 2:52-4. + +Is confluent and reticulated papillomatosis without papillomatosis early or late +stage of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis? + +Atasoy M(1), Aliağaoğlu C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Numune +State Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey. mustafaatasoy@hotmail.com + +The histologic findings of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis include +papillomatosis, hyperkeratosis, and minimal or no acanthosis. We present a +patient with the clinical findings of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis +who responded dramatically to azithromycin, but histologic examination did not +reveal papillomatosis. We observed invagination of basket-weave hyperkeratosis +through the epidermis. We considered this finding may give a clue for the +diagnosis of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00555.x +PMID: 16972956 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1227. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2006 Oct;32(5):532-8. + +Tumour vascularity is of prognostic significance in adult, but not paediatric +astrocytomas. + +Birlik B(1), Canda S, Ozer E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Astrocytomas are the commonest type of brain tumours in adults and children. +Although the most reliable prognostic indicators have been shown consistently to +be patient age and tumour histological grade, biological progression in these +tumours is inevitable and the overall prognosis has remained poor. Due to the +evidence that vascular changes are important histological features of +astrocytomas, the aim of this study was to investigate prognostic significance of +tumour vascularity in paediatric and adult astrocytomas. Study population +consisted of 70 patients (45 adult and 25 children) with histologically proven +diagnosis of astrocytoma with no history of previous therapy. Histological +quantification of tumour vascularity was performed using three different methods: +microvessel density, vascular grading and Chalkley counting. Histological +classification and grading were also assessed using the World Health Organization +system. In contrast to the results in paediatric astrocytomas, tumour vascularity +in adult tumours correlated significantly with postoperative survival by +univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Microvessel density appeared to be an independent +indicator of prognosis by multivariate analysis (P = 0.001). Likewise, patients +with microvessel density of 70 or greater had significantly shorter survival than +the remaining group (P < 0.001). Patient age and tumour histological grade were +also correlated with survival. We conclude that histological quantification of +tumour vascularity is a significant prognosticator in adult astrocytomas, but not +in children. Our data do not support the validity of applications of +antiangiogenic agents in paediatric astrocytic tumours, particularly pilocytic +astrocytomas. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2006.00763.x +PMID: 16972887 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1228. Cytopathology. 2006 Oct;17(5):267-74. + +The diagnostic value of on-site cytopathological evaluation and cell block +preparation in fine-needle aspiration cytology of liver masses. + +Ceyhan K(1), Kupana SA, Bektaş M, Coban S, Tuzun A, Cinar K, Soykan I, Ormeci N, +Erdogan N, Erekul S, Kose K. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Clinical Cytology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. koraceyhan@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate the typing accuracy of +conventional smear (CS), cell block (CB) preparations and combined use of both +procedures (CS + CB) for the diagnosis of hepatic malignancies and to determine +whether immediate on-site cytopathological evaluation improves the diagnostic +yield of liver fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). +METHODS: Ultrasound-guided FNABs were performed on 323 consecutive cases with +liver masses between December 2002 and December 2004. Histologically and/or +clinically correlated 167 cases were included in the study. Preliminary FNAB +results, results of CS, CB, and combined use of CS and CB were compared regarding +diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of +malignancy. Subtyping accuracies of different methods were also compared. +RESULTS: The sensitivity of on-site cytopathological examination and CS were both +92.8%. The sensitivity of CS + CB was slightly better than that of CB (93.5% +versus 84.8%). Specificity of all procedures was achieved 100%. Diagnostic +accuracy of on-site cytopathological evaluation, CS, CB, and CS + CB were 93.9%, +93.9%, 87.2%, and 94.5%, respectively. A specific subtype diagnosis of malignant +tumours could be rendered accurately on the basis of preliminary diagnosis in +71%, CS in 75.4%, CB in 78.3% and combined approach in 92% of cases. In terms of +typing accuracy, 87.5% of HCCs, 93.2% of adenocarcinomas, 92.3% of neuroendocrine +carcinomas, 100% of lymphomas and 100% of other malignant tumours were correctly +subclassified in the final cytopathological diagnosis. The agreement between +preliminary diagnosis and final cytopathological diagnosis was 77.2%. +CONCLUSION: With use of on-site cytopathological evaluation and combined use of +CS and CB, the diagnostic accuracy of liver tumours approaches 100% and also +significantly improve diagnostic and subtyping accuracy of liver malignancies. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00381.x +PMID: 16961656 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1229. Cytopathology. 2006 Oct;17(5):262-6. + +Diagnosing amyloid goitre with thyroid aspiration biopsy. + +Ozdemir BH(1), Uyar P, Ozdemir FN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, +Turkey. handan27@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the value of fine needle +aspiration biopsy of the thyroid as a tool for diagnosing amyloid goitre and +assess how amyloidosis affects thyroid tissue and thyroid function. +METHODS: Clinical and laboratory evaluation of 50 patients with secondary +systemic amyloidosis was done, and goitre was found in 38 of them. All 38 +patients underwent thyroid aspiration biopsy. Tissue samples were stained with +haematoxylin and eosin, May-Grünwald-Giemsa, crystal violet and Congo red. +RESULTS: Of the 38 cases of amyloid goitre, 10 showed euthyroid sick syndrome, +two showed primary hyperthyroidism, two showed hypothyroidism and one showed +subacute thyroiditis. The serum levels of thyroid hormones and +thyroid-stimulating hormone were normal in the remaining patients. Thirty-five of +the 38 patients (92%) showed amyloidosis after thyroid aspiration. One of these +patients had papillary carcinoma in addition to amyloid goitre. Ten patients +underwent subtotal thyroidectomy, and one patient underwent total thyroidectomy +after aspiration. Microscopic evaluation revealed that the thyroid parenchyma in +all patients was largely replaced with amyloid and adipose tissue. +CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration of the thyroid is a valuable and sensitive +method for diagnosing amyloid goitre, especially because it is a safe and easily +performed procedure. Further, amyloid goitre has no significant influence on +thyroid function even when it causes extensive parenchyma replacement. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00399.x +PMID: 16961655 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1230. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2006 Sep-Oct;9(5):388-90. + +Conjunctival Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon in a 3-year-old child. + +Orhan D(1), Kiratli H, Kocabeyoğlu S. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, and +Ihsan Doğramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. diclehan@hacettepe.edu.tr + +A case of benign granulomas of the conjunctiva in a 3-year-old girl is reported. +Histologic features of the excised conjunctival lesions were consistent with +Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. This phenomenon is thought to be a granulomatous +reaction to an antigen-antibody precipitate related to parasites or fungi. No +causative agent is identified in our patient. Immunohistochemical analysis showed +no immunoreactivity for immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, or the C3 component of +the complement. We propose that the presence of small amelanotic nodular +conjunctival tumors should arouse suspicion related to the Splendore-Hoeppli +phenomenon even in early childhood. + +DOI: 10.2350/06-02-0051.1 +PMID: 16953679 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1231. APMIS. 2006 Sep;114(9):656-8. + +Rapid diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculous peritonitis with real-time PCR in a +peritoneal dialysis patient. + +Dervisoglu E(1), Sayan M, Sengul E, Yilmaz A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Nephrology, Kocaeli University Hospital, Umuttepe, Kocaeli +41380, Turkey. dervisoglue@yahoo.com + +A 49-year-old female patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis +presented with fever, abdominal pain and loss of appetite. While peritoneal fluid +bacterial cultures remained negative, she had no relief after 3 weeks of +broad-spectrum antibiotics for possible bacterial peritonitis. In a peritoneal +fluid sample, Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA was detected by nucleic acid +amplification using real-time PCR testing. The initiation of antituberculous +therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide) was followed by +resolution of fever and abdominal pain within one week. Nucleic acid +amplification tests can play an important role in the species-specific diagnosis +of tuberculous peritonitis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_456.x +PMID: 16948820 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1232. APMIS. 2006 Sep;114(9):601-10. + +Epidemiology of candidemia in a Turkish tertiary care hospital. + +Bakir M(1), Cerikcioglu N, Barton R, Yagci A. + +Author information: +(1)Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara +University School of Medicine, Haydarpasa 81326, Istanbul, Turkey. + +In order to determine the local epidemiology of candidemia, Candida strains +isolated between 1994 and 2000 were identified to species level; antifungal +resistance patterns and DNA fingerprints were analyzed. Identification of Candida +strains (n: 140) was performed with germ tube test and carbohydrate assimilation +reactions. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined using a commercial +test for 5-flucytosine and the broth macrodilution method according to NCCLS for +fluconazole and amphotericin B. Molecular relatedness was determined by +restriction endonuclease analysis of genomic DNA followed by probe hybridization. +C. albicans (37.2%), C. parapsilosis (32.2%), and C. tropicalis (12.2%) comprised +114 (81.4%) of 140 isolates. Susceptibility tests did not reveal resistance to +amphotericin B in any of the Candida isolates. Fluconazole resistance was +detected in one isolate of C. krusei, and 5-flucytosine resistance in two C. +tropicalis isolates and one C. albicans isolate. Significantly higher frequency +of clusters with identical strains in C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis was +detected compared to C. albicans. Pediatric wards are particularly important in +the nosocomial transmission of non-albicans candida species. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_359.x +PMID: 16948812 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1233. Tissue Antigens. 2006 Sep;68(3):235-8. + +Development of multiple sclerosis after vaccination against hepatitis B: a study +based on human leucocyte antigen haplotypes. + +Ozakbas S(1), Idiman E, Yulug B, Pakoz B, Bahar H, Gulay Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Balcova, +Izmir, Turkey. serkan.ozakbas@deu.edu.tr + +The aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still not fully understood. +Infectious agents are believed to play a role in the development of this +multifactorial disease. Cases in which this disease occurs after administration +of both plasma-derived and recombinant hepatitis B vaccines have been reported. +In this study, we compared a group of 11 MS patients who developed first clinical +symptoms after hepatitis B vaccination (group I) with 71 MS patients who were +never vaccinated against hepatitis B and were negative for hepatitis B serology +(group II), and 20 healthy controls (group III). Mean age was 27.75 years (19-39) +in group I, 30.16 years (18-50) in group II, and 34.4 years (18-50) in group III. +Mean attack rate after 2 years was 1.5 in group I and 1.63 in group II. Mean +Expanded Disability Status Scale score after 2 years was 1.31 in group I and 1.89 +in group II. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) typing and serology for hepatitis B +surface antigen were performed in all groups. In groups I and II, HLA-DR2 was +more frequent than in normal healthy subjects. This reflects the general role of +HLA in the pathogenesis of MS but suggests that antigen presentation by different +HLA is not involved in the development of MS after hepatitis B vaccination. Since +there was no difference in the clinical features between vaccinated and +nonvaccinated MS patients, this study supports recent reports that hepatitis B +vaccination is safe in MS patients and that hepatitis B vaccination is not +involved in the development of MS. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00653.x +PMID: 16948644 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1234. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2006 Jul-Aug;9(4):312-5. + +Ectopic pancreas associated with choledochal cyst and multiseptate gallbladder. + +Bahadir B(1), Ozdamar SO, Gun BD, Bektas S, Numanoglu KV, Kuzey GM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Kozlu, Zonguldak, +Turkey. burakbahadir@yahoo.com + +Congenital choledochal cyst is a rarely seen malformation of childhood, +particularly when associated with multiseptate gallbladder or ectopic pancreas. +The current case represents a 15-day-old boy with jaundice. Ultrasonography +suggested a cystic lesion, probably of the common bile duct. The patient +underwent a total excision of type I choledochal cyst and gallbladder with +Roux-en-Y anastomosis, and a wedge biopsy from the liver. Gross examination +revealed multiple septa dividing the gallbladder into multiple compartments. The +outer and inner surfaces of the choledochal cyst were unremarkable. +Microscopically, the cyst wall was composed of dense fibrous tissue with a single +layer of cubic to columnar cells constituting the overlying epithelium. Serial +sections incidentally revealed ectopic pancreatic tissue lying along the cyst +wall characterized by acini, islets, and ductal structures with endocrine cells +reactive for chromogranin A. Septa dividing the gallbladder were composed of +fibrotic stalks containing smooth muscle fibers. Areas of papillary hyperplasia +and intestinal metaplasia of gallbladder epithelium were also noted. The liver +biopsy specimen demonstrated the presence of intrahepatic bile ducts, +subsequently confirmed by cytokeratin 7. To our knowledge, this case represents +the 1st one associated with these 3 entities and only the 2nd choledochal cyst +with ectopic pancreatic tissue in its wall. + +DOI: 10.2350/10-05-0125.1 +PMID: 16944990 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1235. Acta Neuropathol. 2006 Nov;112(5):627-32. Epub 2006 Aug 29. + +The effect of non-enzymatic glycation of extracellular matrix proteins on axonal +regeneration in vitro. + +Oztürk G(1), Sekeroğlu MR, Erdoğan E, Oztürk M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Physiology/Neuroscience Research Unit, Yuzuncu Yil University, +Medical School, Fizyoloji AD, Arastirma Hastanesi, 65200, Van, Turkey. +drgurkan@yyu.edu.tr + +Non-enzymatic glycation of peripheral nerve extracellular matrix (ECM) may +contribute to the development of diabetic distal sensory neuropathy (DNP). We +investigated the relative importance of glycation of collagen types I and IV, +laminin and fibronectin in DNP-related impairment in peripheral nerve +regeneration. Dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) from young adult mice were embedded in +collagen type I modified by 10% substitution with normal or glycated forms of the +proteins and incubated for 3 days. Outgrowth of axons and migration of cells into +the ECM were quantified. Mean length of growing axons was significantly reduced +by glycation of laminin and collagen type IV. The sum of lengths of all axons +from each DRG was greatly reduced with glycated laminin, collagen types IV and I. +Glycation of fibronectin had no effect on axonal growth. The number of migrating +cells was not affected by glycation. We conclude that non-enzymatic glycation of +laminin and collagen types IV and I (in decreasing order) impairs peripheral +nerve regeneration in vitro. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00401-006-0124-2 +PMID: 16941113 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1236. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Sep;27(3):260-2. + +Air guns: toys or weapons? + +Aslan S(1), Uzkeser M, Katirci Y, Cakir Z, Bilir O, Bilge F, Cakir M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Emergency Medicine, Ataturk University, School of Medicine, +Erzurum, Turkey. sahinaslan29@hotmail.com + +Comment in + Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2008 Dec;29(4):382-4. + +Air guns and blank guns may appear relatively harmless at first glance, but they +are, in fact, potentially destructive, even lethal, weapons. Approximately 2 to +2.5 million nonpowder firearms are sold annually, and again approximately 12.9 +per 100,000 population are treated for such injuries in hospital emergency +departments each year in the United States. Unfortunately, these guns are +considered to be a toy for children. Therefore, incidents of air gun injuries are +gradually increasing. Although such injuries may initially be considered trivial, +it may signify severe internal tissue pathologies. These apparently trivial +injuries may have catastrophic consequences if unnoticed. In this study, we +report 4 cases with head injury due to a shot by these guns. The cases indicate +that these people had used the guns belonging to their parents for the purpose of +suicide. The cases also show that these machines are not innocent. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000220919.45493.af +PMID: 16936506 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1237. J Cutan Pathol. 2006 Aug;33(8):531-8. + +Expression of cytokeratin subtypes in intraepidermal malignancies: a guide for +differentiation. + +Aslan F(1), Demirkesen C, Cağatay P, Tüzüner N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, +Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. cdemirkesen@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Among intraepidermal malignancies of epithelial origin, Bowen's +disease, bowenoid actinic keratosis (BAK), intraepidermal malignant eccrine +poroma (MEP), and Paget's disease may pose diagnostic difficulties. +METHODS: Histologic features and immunohistochemical profiles of 24 cases of +Bowen's disease, 21 cases of BAK, 18 cases of intraepidermal MEP, and 11 cases of +Paget's disease were analyzed. +RESULTS: Using multivariate logistic regression test, multinuclear giant cells +and solar degeneration were found to be the only histologic parameters of +diagnostic help. On the other hand, a widespread positive reaction for CK 5/8, CK +7, CK 19, and negative reaction for CK 10, was a helpful feature in the +differentiation of Paget's disease from Bowen's disease and BAK. The widespread +and strong expression of CK 10 was seen in almost all cases of Bowen's disease in +contrast to BAK. The widespread expression of CK 5/8 and CK 7, and negative +reaction for CK 10, was in favor of Paget's disease, compared to intraepidermal +MEP. On the other hand, widespread expression of CK 19 was a common finding in +intraepidermal MEP, in contrast to Bowen's disease. +CONCLUSION: An immunohistochemical panel may provide significant hints on the +differentiation of common intraepidermal malignancies, especially in problematic +cases. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00466.x +PMID: 16919026 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1238. APMIS. 2006 Jul-Aug;114(7-8):562-5. + +Vulvar keratoacanthoma. + +Ozkan F(1), Bilgiç R, Cesur S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey. +drozkanferda@yahoo.com + +A keratoacanthoma of the vulva in a 33-year-old woman is described. The patient +presented with a rapidly growing exophytic lesion of 1 cm in diameter over the +clitoris that had been present for a couple of months. An excisional biopsy was +performed. Pathologic examination of the exophytic nodule showed squamous +proliferation with a characteristic central keratin- filled crater. There were +pushing margins. High power microscopy showed squamous cells of cytologically +bland appearance with glassy cytoplasm. There were few mitotic figures. Less than +10% Ki-67-positive staining nuclei were seen. There was no p53 oncoprotein +overexpression. Keratoacanthoma of the vulva is rare with only five cases having +been reviewed in the English literature since 1985. Keratoacanthomas are rapidly +growing crateriform lesions on the sun-exposed skin of the elderly. Because of +its rarity in the vulva, the lesion can be misinterpreted as a malignant lesion +such as squamous cell carcinoma. Awareness of vulvar occurrence of +keratoacanthoma and its characteristic histopathologic features will help avoid +misdiagnosis of a squamous cell carcinoma leading to radical surgery. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_326.x +PMID: 16907863 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1239. Acta Cytol. 2006 Jul-Aug;50(4):407-9. + +Diagnostic accuracy of toluidine blue-stained wet films in effusion cytology. + +Erkiliç S(1), Koçer NE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, +Turkey. serk52@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of toluidine blue-stained wet films in the +preliminary cytologic evaluation of serous effusions by means of specificity, +sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive value. +STUDY DESIGN: One hundred seventy-six samples consisting of 122 pleural and +pericardial effusions and 54 peritoneal effusions from 160 patients were included +in the study. A toluidine blue-stained wet film of each sample was evaluated, and +diagnoses were compared with the diagnoses by conventional smears and cell blocks +on the same sample. +RESULTS: The sensitivity of wet films was 69%, 68% in pleural and pericardial +effusions and peritoneal effusions, respectively, and the specificity of wet +films was 93%, 92% in pleural and pericardial effusions and peritoneal effusions, +respectively. Positive predictive values of smears alone were 78% and 75%; +negative predictive values of smears alone were 96% and 95% in pleural and +pericardial effusions and peritoneal effusions, respectively. +CONCLUSION: Preliminary cytologic evaluation of serous effusions with toluidine +blue-stained wet films is simple and economical. It provides the opportunity to +plan additional procedures for the samples. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325982 +PMID: 16901004 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1240. J Cutan Pathol. 2006 Jul;33(7):516-8. + +Porokeratosis of Mibelli induced by topical corticosteroid. + +Yazkan F(1), Turk BG, Dereli T, Kazandi AC. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Ege University Medical Faculty, Bornova-Izmir, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: [corrected] Prorokeratosis of Mibelli is a chronic disorder +characterised by slightly atrophic plaques surrounded by keratotic border. +METHODS AND RESULTS: A 45-year-old with clobetazole propionate ointment for +psoriasis over 15 years developed characteristic lesions of porokeratosis Mibelli +on the elbows. Histopathological examination revealed the cornoid lamellae +located on the edges of the specimen and psoriasiform acanthosis and a spongiotic +pustule formation in the center of the specimen; thus, it was suggested as +'psoriasis encircled by porokeratosis'. +CONCLUSIONS: Development of porokeratosis may be explained by the local +immunosuppressive effect of the prolonged application of the topical steroid. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00464.x +PMID: 16872477 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1241. Pathol Res Pract. 2006;202(9):671-7. Epub 2006 Jul 24. + +Kit expression in spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma can possibly create a different +approach for its tumorigenesis and therapy. + +Diniz G(1), Aktas S, Ortac R, Tunakan M, Unlu I, Vergin C. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology and Pediatric Oncology/Hematology Department, Izmir Dr.Behcet Uz +Children's Hospital, Turkey. agdiniz@kablonet.com.tr + +The use of a relatively nontoxic tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, imatinib +mesylate (IM) (STI-571), has increasingly become a valuable therapeutic +alternative in some KIT (CD117)-overexpressing neoplasms potentially because of +the presence of KIT-activating mutations. As the treatment eligibility for this +drug hinges on CD117 expression, KIT immunostaining has recently been widely +examined in various different tumors. We examined CD117 expression in pediatric +embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (RMSs) to identify its eventual prognostic impact and +to evaluate its effect on tumorigenesis. This study included two spindle cell +(leiomyomatous) variants, two botryoid variants, and 21 conventional embryonal +RMSs. Sections from paraffin-embedded tumor samples were immunostained by a +standard SABC technique using c-kit polyclonal antibody with antigen retrieval. +In all the series, the percentage of CD117 positivity was 12%. Staining was +strong in two of two spindle cell variants, in zero of two botryoid variants, and +in one of 21 conventional embryonal RMSs. In Spearman's correlation analysis, +there was statistical relationship between the presence of CD117 expression and +the histological subtype of RMS. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no prognostic +significance of CD117 expression for survival. The present study demonstrated a +very limited expression of CD117 in pediatric embryonal RMS other than in the +spindle cell variant. This finding suggested that the stem cell factor/c-kit +pathway may be implicated in the tumorigenesis of spindle cell RMSs. Therefore, +the mutation of c-kit gene must be prospectively examined in larger series of +RMSs. If it can be verified that tissue expression of CD117 reflects the mutation +of c-kit gene, IM can be considered a targeted therapy for CD117-expressing RMSs, +particularly the spindle cell variant. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2006.04.007 +PMID: 16860492 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1242. Histol Histopathol. 2006 Oct;21(10):1055-64. doi: 10.14670/HH-21.1055. + +Immunolocalizations of VEGF, its receptors flt-1, KDR and TGF-beta's in +epithelial ovarian tumors. + +Inan S(1), Vatansever S, Celik-Ozenci C, Sanci M, Dicle N, Demir R. + +Author information: +(1)Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Uncubozkoy, Manisa, Turkey. sevincinan@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: Angiogenesis is an essential factor for growth, differentiation, +invasion and metastasis of tumors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the +immunolocalizations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptors +flt-1, KDR/flk-1, and transforming growth factor-beta's (TGF-beta) in epithelial +ovarian tumors, utilizing indirect immunohistochemistry to understand the role of +the angiogenic events in ovarian neoplasia. +METHODS: Tissue blocks from 40 patients who had ovarian pathology (borderline +serous-mucinous tumor and malignant serous-mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary) +were included in this study. All formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue +sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or primary antibodies against VEGF, +flt-1, KDR/flk-1, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 using the +avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. H-SCORE, a semi-quantitative grading system, was +used to compare immunohistochemical staining intensities. +RESULTS: Positive VEGF immunoreactivity was concentrated in the epithelial and +stromal parts of all the ovarian samples and the endothelial cells in the stroma +were also stained. Increased immunoreactivity of VEGF was observed in malignant +ovarian adenocarcinomas compared to the borderline tumors of the ovary. VEGF +receptors, flt-1 and KDR/flk-1 immunoreactivities were detected not only in +vascular endothelial cells, but also in tumor cells at malignant sites. +Immunoreactivities of VEGF and its receptors were coexpressed in tumor cells of +the ovarian carcinoma. While immunoreactivities of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 were +both overexpressed in malignant ovarian carcinomas, immunoreactivity of TGF-beta3 +was still mild. +CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that overexpression of VEGF, its receptors flt-1, +KDR/flk-1 and TGF-beta interaction may play an important role in the ovarian +cancer biology, with potential effects on tumor growth and angiogenesis. New +therapeutic strategies using VEGF and TGF-beta antagonists could obtain an +additional approach to the treatment ovarian carcinoma by inhibiting +angiogenesis. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-21.1055 +PMID: 16835828 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1243. Pathol Res Pract. 2006;202(8):569-76. Epub 2006 Jul 7. + +CD24 expression in ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma of +breast: an immunohistochemistry-based pilot study. + +Bircan S(1), Kapucuoglu N, Baspinar S, Inan G, Candir O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, +Isparta, Turkey. bircans2000@yahoo.com + +CD24 is a small, heavily glycosylated cell surface protein, that is expressed in +a large variety of solid tumors. It is considered to play an important role in +tumor progression and metastasis. We aimed to evaluate CD24 expression in +invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCa), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and +non-tumorous breast tissues, and to investigate the relationship between +histopathological parameters, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and c-erbB2 +expressions. The study included 34 IDCa, 25 DCIS, and 13 non-tumorous breast +tissues. All cases were reevaluated histopathologically, and immunohistochemistry +was performed with monoclonal CD24 antibody. The results clearly demonstrated +that CD24 expression, including membranous and cytoplasmic staining, was +significantly higher in DCIS and IDCa than in the non-tumorous breast (p=0.001, +p=0.000, and p=0.035, p=0.000, respectively). Cytoplasmic staining was detected +predominantly in neoplastic tissues and was significantly increased in high grade +DCIS (p=0.013). In invasive carcinomas, although the level of membranous staining +was significantly positively correlated with tumor grade (p=0.040), there was no +such an association with the cytoplasmic level. However, it showed a trend +towards pT (p=0.089). In conclusion, our results suggest that higher CD24 +expression may be associated with malignant transformation and progression in +breast cancer biology. Furthermore, higher membranous expression and, in +particular, cytoplasmic staining seem to predict malignant transformation, and +different patterns of CD24 expression may be associated with different +pathological features in breast tumors. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2006.05.004 +PMID: 16828238 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1244. Pathol Res Pract. 2006;202(8):577-83. Epub 2006 Jul 11. + +MUC4 expression and its relation to ErbB2 expression, apoptosis, proliferation, +differentiation, and tumor stage in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). + +Karg A(1), Dinç ZA, Başok O, Uçvet A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, +Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. + +There is a peptide sequence homology between the gene product of human MUC4 and +rat Muc4/sialomucin complex (SMC). Each contains a transmembrane subunit with two +epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains that act as ligand for ErbB2. MUC4 and +ErbB2 mediate intracellular signaling pathways that are linked to repression of +apoptosis and either to proliferation or to differentiation of tumor cells. This +study investigates the expression of human MUC4 in neoplastic and corresponding +non-neoplastic tissues, and the relation of MUC4 expression in neoplastic tissues +to ErbB2 expression, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and tumor stage +in a series of 100 non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). MUC4 and ErbB2 +expressions and cell proliferation (PCNA) were shown using immunohistochemistry. +Apoptotic index (AI) and tumor differentiation were determined by morphologic +criteria. All the non-neoplastic bronchial tissues and 85% of NSCLCs showed MUC4 +expression. MUC4 expression was found to be higher in neoplastic than in +non-neoplastic tissues (Yates correction p: 0.0006). MUC4 expression was +inversely correlated with AI (p=0.0002) and was correlated with ErbB2 expression +(p=0.022), but not with PCNA counts and tumor stage. Our results indirectly +suggest that MUC4, in association with ErbB-2, might be involved in the +repression of apoptosis and differentiation rather than proliferation in tumor +cells of NSCLCs. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2006.04.002 +PMID: 16814944 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1245. Virchows Arch. 2006 Aug;449(2):164-70. Epub 2006 Jun 30. + +Survivin expression in pre-invasive lesions and non-small cell lung carcinoma. + +Akyürek N(1), Memiş L, Ekinci O, Köktürk N, Oztürk C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gazi University Medical School, Besevler, 06500 +Ankara, Turkey. akyurek@gazi.edu.tr + +Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, which is overexpressed in many +carcinomas, including lung carcinoma. The aim of this immunohistochemical study +was to investigate the role of survivin in the early steps of lung carcinogenesis +and non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC), and its relationship with expression +of p53 protein, a tumor suppressor gene involved in cell cycle control. In the +normal bronchial epithelium, low-grade atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and +non-neoplastic lung parenchyma adjacent to tumor, survivin was found completely +negative. Expression of survivin was detected in the areas of squamous metaplasia +and dysplasia as well as high-grade AAH lesions adjacent to tumor. Survivin was +expressed in 50 (64%) and p53 in 41 (53%) NSCLC. Survivin expression was +significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.02). There was no +correlation between survivin and p53 expression. The patients with expression of +survivin had significantly worse prognosis (Log-rank test, p=0.003). Multivariate +Cox regression analysis showed TNM stage (p<0.001) and survivin expression +(p=0.003) as independent prognostic indicators. In conclusion, survivin +expression might be an early step in lung carcinogenesis. Survivin expression +might also be used as a prognostic indicator predicting the worse outcome in +NSCLC, and might be a novel target for the treatment of patients with preinvasive +lesions of lung and NSCLC. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-006-0239-9 +PMID: 16810543 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1246. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2006 Jan-Feb;9(1):44-51. Epub 2006 Apr 4. + +Nonobstructive neonatal cholestasis: clinical outcome and scoring of the +histopathological changes in liver biopsies. + +Okçu-Heper A(1), Erden E, Doganci T, Kuloglu Z, Kansu A, Genc Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara University, School of Medicine, Patoloji +Anabilim Dali, Morfoloji Binasi, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +heper@dialup.ankara.edu.tr + +The clinical outcome of nonobstructive neonatal cholestasis (NC) cases varies +greatly and the prognosis is generally unpredictable. In this study, we aimed to +evaluate the prognostic benefits of qualitative analysis of histopathological +changes in nonobstructive NC cases. A total of 28 nonobstructive NC cases (18 +neonatal hepatitis; 10 intrahepatic bile duct paucity) were studied. We analyzed +the relationship between histopathological and clinical parameters. Hepatic +inflammation, bridging necrosis, pericellular fibrosis, giant cell +transformation, and extramedullary hematopoiesis were evaluated and scored +according to their absence or presence in each case. The sum of the +histopathological scores was accepted as "total pathological injury score." The +height percentiles, the presence and the degree of hepatomegaly and ascites, and +serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, and bilirubin levels and +prothrombin time were also evaluated and scored. The patients were divided into 2 +clinical course groups considered "good" or "bad" according to the total clinical +scores. For statistical analysis, Pearson's chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test, +and receiver operating characteristic curve were used. We found a statistically +significant negative relation between the clinical course and total pathological +injury score (P = 0.042) and pericellular fibrosis (P = 0.016). In conclusion, +during the interpretation of liver biopsies of nonobstructive NC, scoring of +histopathological changes should be done for assessing the clinical prognostic +outcome. + +DOI: 10.2350/06-05-0073.1 +PMID: 16808634 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1247. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2006 Jan-Feb;9(1):81-5. Epub 2006 Apr 4. + +Neonatal hepatitis in 2 siblings with Seckel syndrome. + +Deniz K(1), Kontaş O, akçakuş M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Erciyes Univeristy, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, +Turkey. kdeniz@erciyes.edu.tr + +Seckel syndrome was described as the prototype of the primordial bird-head type +of dwarfism. We report 2 cases of Seckel syndrome in siblings. Both cases showed +peculiar phenotypic features. Autopsy was performed and microscopic examination +of the livers displayed histologic features of neonatal hepatitis. In addition, +our younger patient had central nervous system anomalies such as agenesis of +corpus callosum, cerebral cyst, and primitive convolutional pattern. No previous +reports of liver disease exist in patients with Seckel syndrome. The pathologic +findings of such an unusual association and a review of literature are presented. + +DOI: 10.2350/07-05-0075.1 +PMID: 16808631 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1248. Pathol Oncol Res. 2006;12(2):105-7. Epub 2006 Jun 24. + +The nested variant of urothelial carcinoma: an aggressive tumor closely +simulating benign lesions. + +Dundar E(1), Acikalin MF, Can C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Eskisehir, +Turkey. edundar_99@yahoo.com + +The "nested" variant is a rare form of urothelial carcinoma and its biologic +behavior is highly aggressive. Herein two new cases of nested variant of +urothelial carcinoma with immunohistochemical examination are presented. In one +of the cases, the tumor extended through the bladder wall into the perivesicular +soft tissue, prostatic urethra and left vesicula seminalis, and metastasized to +obturator lymph nodes. In the other case, invasion of muscular layer was observed +and three recurrences were developed during a follow-up period of 23 months. Both +tumors of our study demonstrated high p53 and Ki-67 indices, supporting the +aggressive nature of such tumors. + +DOI: PAOR.2006.12.2.0105 +PMID: 16799712 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1249. Histol Histopathol. 2006 Sep;21(9):925-30. doi: 10.14670/HH-21.925. + +Histological changes of liver glycogen storage in mice (Mus musculus) caused by +high-protein diets. + +Ulusoy E(1), Eren B. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, University of Ondokuz +Mayis, Samsun, Turkey. esmaefe@yahoo.com + +High Protein diets (HP) have been popular for people who want to lose weight +since the 1960s. Even though these diets do not harm healthy people in the short +term, there is insufficient data to support their safe use and efficiency over a +long period. Because of the fact that the proteins in these diets are mainly from +animal sources, it induces a higher intake of total fat, saturated fat and +cholesterol. It is proven that high protein diets cause both physical and +pathological abnormalities in the body. However, there exist very few studies +about the effects of high protein nutrition on liver glycogen storage. For this +study 40 Swiss albino mice consisting of two groups were used. The first group +was fed with 25% High Protein; the other was fed with standard meal. The two +groups were fed with respect to their diets for 30 days. At the end of 15th, +20th, 25th and 30th days 5 from each group were killed with cervical dislocation. +The livers were removed after perfusion then fixated. The routine paraffin +pursuit was applied before cutting into 5 micrometer sections and staining with +H-E, PAS and silver. There were major differences in weight loss between the +first and the fifteenth days. Glycogen storage was significantly reduced in HP +(15) stained with PAS. Hydropic degeneration and regenerative activity was +observed in H-E and silver stained HP group. As a result for the high protein +diet group, weight loss at the 15th day and a significant decrement in glycogen +storage at the 30th day was observed. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-21.925 +PMID: 16763941 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1250. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2005 Nov-Dec;24(6):347-58. + +Protective effects of recombinant human interleukin-4 administration on the +hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced gastric and intestinal injury in rat pups. + +Ozturk H(1), Ozturk H, Buyukbayram H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Diyarbakir Children Hospital, Diyarbakir, +Turkey. + +A total of 40 rat pups were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (sham) rats +served as nonhypoxic controls. Group 2 (rhIL-4 treated/control) rats were +administrated rIL-4 alone. Group 3 (hypoxia-reoxygenation [H-O]/untreated) rats +were subjected to H-O and were then returned to their mothers. Group 4 +(H-O/rhIL-4 treated) rats were subjected to H/O and were treated with rhIL-4 for +the next 3 days. All animals were killed on day 4 and gastric and intestinal +specimens were obtained to determine the tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA) +and histological changes. In group 3 MDA levels were significantly increased +compared with groups 1,2, and 4. In group 4, MDA levels were not significantly +different compared with group 3. The gastric and intestinal injury score were +increased significantly in group 3 and 4 rats compared with group 1 and 2. +However, this increase was lower in group 4 rats compared with group 3. In group +3, after hypoxia following reoxygenation, exfoliation and necrosis of superficial +cells, blood cell infiltration, and structural alterations on the two-third parts +of the glandular pits, and bleeding erosions developed in all stomachs. Treatment +with rhIL-4 produced a reduction of exfoliation of superficial cells, hemorrhage, +and blood cell infiltration. In group 3 animals, destruction of villi and crypts +of ileum and in some cases extension to the muscularis were noticed. In contrast, +in the rats treated with rhIL-4, lesions were limited essentially to the very +tips of the villi. This study found beneficial effects of rhIL-4 in an +experimental model of hypoxia-induced gastric and intestinal injury. + + +PMID: 16761563 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1251. Endocr Pathol. 2006 Spring;17(1):83-7. + +Testicular adrenal rest hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a case +report. + +Erdogan S(1), Ergin M, Cevlik F, Yuksel B, Tuncer R, Tunali N, Polat S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Cukurova University, Turkey. +seydaer@yahoo.com + +Bilateral testicular tumors are a rare complication of congenital adrenal +hyperplasia. It can be extremely difficult to distinguish histologically between +Leydig cell tumors and adrenocortical rest hyperplasia, which may lead in some +cases to unnecessary orchidectomy. A 7-yr-old boy was admitted because of +precocious puberty and enlargement of testicles. Hormonal studies established the +diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. +Testicular biopsy revealed interlacing strands, cords, and rests of cells +resembling interstitial (Leydig) cells but with no Reinke crystalloids. Here we +report a case of testicular adrenal rest hyperplasia in congenital adrenal +hyperplasia and discuss the pathological and clinical features and origin of this +rare lesion by using immunohistochemical evaluation. + + +PMID: 16760584 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1252. Endocr Pathol. 2006 Spring;17(1):67-74. + +Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and ultrasonographic features of +infracentimetric nodules in patients with nodular goiter: correlation with +pathological findings. + +Sahin M(1), Sengul A, Berki Z, Tutuncu NB, Guvener ND. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Baskent University, Ankara, +Turkey. drsahinmustafa@yahoo.com + +We evaluated the usefulness of ultrasound-guided fine-needle-aspiration biopsy +(US-FNAB) for infracentimetric nodules. In addition, we used sonography to assess +the risk of malignancy of thyroid nodules, and we evaluated the extent of disease +in infracentimetric cancers. The cytopathological results of 472 US-FNABs from +207 nodular goiter patients (170 women, 37 men; mean age, 51.5 +/- 13.1 yr) seen +between 1999 and 2004 were categorized into five groups: inadequate, benign, +suspicious, follicular neoplasm, and malignant. There were 145 infracentimetric +nodules and 327 supracentimetric nodules. All patients underwent surgery. Final +histopathological results correlated with cytologic results. The sensitivity, +specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy +of US-FNAB for infracentrimetric nodules were 96.3%, 71.2%, 44.8%, 98.8%, and +76.1%; and for supracentimetric nodules, these values were 98.1%, 63.1%, 35.6%, +99.4, and 69.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences between +infracentimetric and supracentimetric nodules. More thyroid cancer could be +detected in infracentimetric nodules that were hypoechoic or had fine +calcification on ultrasonography (which may be helpful in discriminating which +nodules are appropriate for FNAB) than in supracentimetric nodules. However, +logistic regression analyses showed that no single variable was predictive of +malignancy in infracentimetric nodules. The malignancy rate in infracentimetric +nodules was 21.4%. In this subgroup, 4 of 31 patients (12.9%) had multifocal +tumors at surgery, 3 of 31 had extrathyroidal invasion, and 1 had a metastasis to +the lung. In addition, at surgery, 11 of 55 tumors (20%) larger than 1 cm were +multifocal. In conclusion, small tumor size does not guarantee a low risk of +thyroid cancer, and US-FNAB may be useful tool for diagnosing malignant +infracentimetric nodules. + + +PMID: 16760582 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1253. Virchows Arch. 2006 Aug;449(2):258-61. + +Extramedullary hematopoiesis mimicking acute appendicitis: a rare complication of +idiopathic myelofibrosis. + +Elpek GO(1), Bozova S, Erdoğan G, Temizkan K, Oğüş M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University Medical School, Antalya, Turkey. +elpek@akdeniz.edu.tr + +Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is rarely found in the gastrointestinal tract. +To our knowledge, EMH involving the appendix was not described. We report a case +with a previous history of idiopathic myelofibrosis, which presented with +clinical findings of acute appendicitis that necessitate appendectomy after the +relief of his anemia. Microscopic examination and immunohistochemistry revealed +foci of EMH throughout the mucosa and the submucosa. In the latter, small +clusters of hematopoietic cells were also detected in a few dilated vascular +structures. The histopathological features of acute appendicitis were not +observed. Our case supports that EMH might develop in organs that are not +involved in hematopoiesis. Although in gastrointestinal system, obstruction and +bleeding are the most common symptomatic manifestations, this case emphasizes +that EMH might also present clinically as acute appendicitis. The absence of +histopathological features of acute appendicitis raises the possibility that +local production of some mediators from hematopoietic precursor cells might +contribute to this clinical presentation. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-006-0230-5 +PMID: 16738896 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1254. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Jun;27(2):134-44. + +Asphyxial deaths: a retrospective study and review of the literature. + +Azmak D(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Trakya University, Medical Faculty, Edirne, +Turkey. + +An increasing death rate as a result of violence constitutes a large group in +medicolegal autopsies. Specially, deaths due to asphyxia are one of the most +important causes in violence deaths. During the 21-year period from January 1984 +to October 2004, there were 134 asphyxial deaths autopsied by the Department of +Forensic Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey. Asphyxial deaths comprise +15.7% of all forensic autopsies; 20.8% of the cases are aged between 30 and 39 +years, and the average age was 41.9 years. Males constitute 79.8% of all the +cases. The most frequent method of asphyxiation death is hanging (56 cases, +41.8%), followed by drowning (30.5%) and carbon monoxide poisoning (8.2%). More +violent methods, such as ligature or manual strangulations, constitute 2.9% and +2.3% of all asphyxial deaths, respectively. Although it was varying according to +the methods of asphyxiation, suicide was found to be the manner of death in the +majority of the cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000221082.72186.2e +PMID: 16738432 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1255. Int J Surg Pathol. 2006 Apr;14(2):143. + +Images in pathology. Tumor spreading along an incisional scar line. + +Tas F(1), Yavuz E. + +Author information: +(1)Institute of Oncology, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1177/106689690601400207 +PMID: 16703176 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1256. Pathol Int. 2006 Apr;56(4):227-31. + +Incidental calcifying fibrous tumor of the stomach presenting as a polyp. + +Elpek GO(1), Küpesiz GY, Ogüs M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University Medical School, Akdeniz, Antalya, +Turkey. elpek@akdeniz.edu.tr + +Calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) is an uncommon lesion of uncertain cause and +pathogenesis that has a unique histological appearance. These lesions are +described mainly in the subcutaneous or deep soft tissues, followed by subserosal +locations. Intrinsic visceral CFT is extremely rare. Herein is described a rare +case of CFT that involved the gastric wall, along with a review of the +literature. An incidental small polypoid lesion was excised during urgent surgery +for penetrating injury at the lesser curvature in a 25-year-old man, previously +healthy. The lesion was a well-demarcated, small (10 mm) tumor that occupied the +submucosa. The characteristic histopathological features and the presence of +spindle cells that express factor XIIIa allowed a diagnosis of CFT to be made. +The present case and the review revealed that, despite their frequent +subperitoneal location, intra-abdominal CFT might present as intrinsic visceral +lesions and might be found incidentally. These lesions tend to be smaller when +compared to their symptomatic counterparts. The diffuse factor XIIIa expression +in CFT might be useful to differentiate this entity from other intra-abdominal +soft-tissue tumors in problematic cases. Although rarity of intrinsic visceral +CFT necessitates new cases to determine their exact biological behavior, the +present case highlights their presence in the stomach as a symptomless small +polypoid lesion. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2006.01951.x +PMID: 16634970 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1257. J Cutan Pathol. 2006 Apr;33(4):293-8. + +The expression of p63 in basal cell carcinomas and association with histological +differentiation. + +Bircan S(1), Candir O, Kapucoglu N, Baspinar S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, +Isparta, Turkey. bircans2000@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: We aim to examine p63 expression in basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and +to investigate association with their histopathological differentiation subtypes. +METHODS: Eighty-four BCCs were classified according to the histopathologic +differentiation subtypes. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody against +p63 was performed. +RESULTS: In nontumoral skin, p63 expression was consistently seen in +basal/suprabasal cells of epidermis, hair matrix cells, and outer root sheath of +the hair follicle. In BCCs, the cases were distributed as 47 undifferentiated, 28 +differentiated (16 adenoid and 12 keratotic), and nine superficial. The nuclear +p63 expression was negative in two cases, whereas 64 BCCs (76.2%) showed +homogeneous p63 immunostaining. There was no statistically significant difference +between p63 expression and histological differentiation subtypes (p > 0.05). The +expression of p63 was found strongly and diffuse in 72.3% of solid +undifferentiated and 82.1% differentiated and in 77.8% of superficial type BCCs. +CONCLUSIONS: p63 is consistently expressed in epidermal basal/suprabasal and +adnexal basal cells. Most BCCs have higher homogeneous p63 expression than +nontumoral epidermis, which is not changed according to histological +differentiation subtypes. Thus, overexpression of p63 in all histological +subtypes may confirm that basaloid progenitor cells are linked tumor-cell lineage +and have a role in the tumorigenesis of BCC. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2006.00436.x +PMID: 16630179 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1258. J Comp Pathol. 2006 Feb-Apr;134(2-3):260-5. + +Multicentric malignant Schwannoma in a crossbred cow. + +Beytut E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, +Kars, Turkey. + +Multicentric malignant Schwannoma in a crossbred cow is described. Multiple and +solitary nodules of varying sizes were seen to be distributed throughout the body +of the animal, mainly along the peripheral nerves supplying the muscles of the +thoracic and abdominal regions and the skin. Multiple nodules were also observed +in the hilus of the liver. The mediastinal lymph nodes were replaced by a large +solitary tumorous mass. Multiple neoplastic linear cords with small nodules were +observed on the pericardium. Histologically, the nodules showed mainly densely +packed, spindle-shaped cells arranged in short interwoven bundles and whorls +(Antoni type A pattern). Stellate, spindle-shaped and round or oval tumour cells +proliferated haphazardly within the loose texture of a collagenous matrix (Antoni +type B pattern). Immunohistochemically, in both Antoni type A and type B areas, +neoplastic cells reacted with antibodies against S-100 protein. Based on the +metastasis of the tumour to the lymph nodes and on histology, the neoplasm was +diagnosed as a multicentric malignant Schwannoma. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2005.10.006 +PMID: 16615938 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1259. Acta Cytol. 2006 Mar-Apr;50(2):225-30. + +Cytopathologic features of pituitary carcinoma with cervical vertebral bone +metastasis: a case report. + +Ceyhan K(1), Yagmurlu B, Dogan BE, Erdogan N, Bulut S, Erekul S. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Clinical Cytology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, +University of Ankara, Turkey. korayceyhan@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Pituitary carcinomas are extremely rare tumors of the +adenohypophysis. The presence of craniospinal and/or systemic extracranial +metastases is the only reliable criterion for the diagnosis of pituitary +carcinoma. To date, only 2 cases have been reported correctly by fine needle +aspiration biopsy (FNAB). We present an additional case of pituitary carcinoma +with FNAB features. +CASE: A 60-year-old woman presented with clinical features of Cushing's disease +and a pituitary tumor. She underwent transsphenoidal resection of the tumor. The +initial diagnosis was an adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-producing invasive +pituitary adenoma. The patient presented again with neck pain 6 years after the +operation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed metastatic tumor masses at the +level of C5-C6 of the cervical vertebrae. Intraoperative fine needle aspiration +and incomplete excision of metastatic tumors were performed. Cytologically, tumor +cells were composed of a combination of loose groups and single cells. Neoplastic +cells had a relatively monotonous appearance and displayed characteristic +neuroendocrine tumor features. Immunocytochemistry from cell block sections +revealed AE1/ AE3, synaptophysin chromogranin A and ACTH positivity in the tumor +cells. +CONCLUSION: Pituitary carcinoma with extracranial systemic metastases +demonstrates typical neuroendocrine features on fine needle aspiration. In the +differential diagnosis, metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas should be kept in +mind. In the absence of sufficient clinical data, these 2 entities cannot be +distinguished correctly through the cytologic features. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325938 +PMID: 16610696 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1260. Acta Cytol. 2006 Mar-Apr;50(2):221-4. + +Tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma arising from a thyroglossal cyst: report +of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Köybaşioğlu F(1), Simşek GG, Onal BU. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology and Cytology Unit, Social Security Foundation Training +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Papillary carcinoma arising from a thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is +the most frequent malignancy arising from this embryologic remnant of the +thyroglossal duct. The preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of +such neoplasms has rarely been cited. Approximately 170 TDC cases have been +reported in the literature worldwide, diagnosed solely on histopathology. +CASE: A 63-year-old woman presented with an anterior midline neck mass of years' +duration. A hypodense cyst was located at the level of the hyoid bone. FNAC of +the midline neck mass showed bloody, mucoid material and numerous atypical, +elongated cells. The aspirated material was reported as "papillary carcinoma +possibly arising from the thyroglossal duct," and the diagnosis was confirmed by +histopathologic investigation on resection material. +CONCLUSION: Tall cell variant is a rare variant of papillary carcinoma and has a +poor prognosis. The differential diagnosis includes Hürthle cell lesions, +oncocytic papillary thyroid carcinoma and Warthin-like papillary carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1159/000325937 +PMID: 16610695 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1261. Pathology. 2006 Apr;38(2):132-7. + +The correlation of angiogenesis with metastasis in primary cutaneous melanoma: a +comparative analysis of microvessel density, expression of vascular endothelial +growth factor and basic fibroblastic growth factor. + +Demirkesen C(1), Büyükpinarbaşili N, Ramazanoğlu R, Oğuz O, Mandel NM, Kaner G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, +Turkey. cdemirkesen@yahoo.com + +AIM: To establish whether there is a correlation between angiogenesis and +metastasis in primary cutaneous melanoma (PCMM). +METHODS: We studied the microvessel density and the expression of vascular +endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) in +22 cases of PCMM with metastasis at presentation (metastatic group) and 28 cases +of PCMM without metastasis for 24 months or more (non-metastatic group). +Microvessels were stained with CD31/PECAM-1 antibody and counted. We assessed the +proportion of VEGF expression in tumour cells, lymphocytes infiltrating the +tumour (TIL) and lymphocytes at the periphery of the tumour, as well as the +proportion of bFGF expression in tumour cell cytoplasms, nuclei and intra- and +peritumoral vessels. +RESULTS: An increased microvessel density was detected in the metastatic group +(15-33 [24.09 +/- 5.55] versus 2-24 [12.96 +/- 6.02]). Moreover, enhanced +expression of VEGF in tumour cells and peritumoral lymphocytes (Chi-square p = +0.038 and p = 0.018) and bFGF in peritumoral vessels (chi(2) p = 0.013) +correlated with the simultaneous presence of melanoma metastasis in PCMM. +Furthermore, microvessel density was correlated with the expression of bFGF in +peritumoral vessels (rs = 0.53, p = 0.049) and VEGF in tumour cells (rs = 0.37, p += 0.019). +CONCLUSION: Microvessel density as well as the expression of both VEGF and bFGF +might be informative concerning the progression of melanoma. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020600557565 +PMID: 16581653 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1262. Pathology. 2006 Feb;38(1):53-7. + +Acute effects of environmental tobacco smoke and dried dung smoke on lung +histopathology in rabbits. + +Fidan F(1), Unlu M, Sezer M, Sahin O, Tokyol C, Esme H. + +Author information: +(1)Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pulmonary +Medicine, Turkey. drffidan@yahoo.com + +AIMS: To compare the effects of cigarette smoke and dried dung smoke exposure on +the histopathology of lungs. +METHODS: Three groups each with five rabbits were formed. The cigarette smoke +group was exposed to cigarette smoke, the biomass group was exposed to dried dung +smoke and the control group was exposed to dry air 1 hour daily for 1 month. At +the end of 1 month, animals were sacrificed and lung tissues were examined +histopathologically. +RESULTS: Histopathological evaluation of rabbits' lungs revealed that +intraparenchymal vascular congestion and thrombosis, intraparenchymal +haemorrhage, respiratory epithelial proliferation, number of macrophages in the +alveolar and bronchial lumen, alveolar destruction, emphysematous changes and +bronchoalveolar haemorrhage scores were significantly increased in rabbits +exposed to cigarette smoke compared with the control group. Respiratory +epithelial proliferation, alveoli destruction and emphysematous change scores +were significantly increased in rabbits exposed to dried dung smoke compared with +the control group. +CONCLUSION: Although less than the effects of cigarette smoke, dried dung smoke +had severe histopathological effects on rabbits' lungs. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020500459615 +PMID: 16571591 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1263. Pathol Oncol Res. 2006;12(1):50-1. Epub 2006 Mar 23. + +Spontaneously ruptured uterine angioleiomyoma. + +Culhaci N(1), Ozkara E, Yüksel H, Ozsunar Y, Unal E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, +Aydin, 09100, Turkey. nculhaci@adu.edu.tr. + +Angioleiomyoma is an uncommon type of leiomyoma of the uterus that originates +from smooth muscle cells and contains thick-walled vessels. A 45-year-old woman +with the complaint of lower abdominal pain was admitted to the hospital. In the +operation a ruptured, bleeding uterine tumor was seen. She underwent total +hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. On pathologic examination of +the specimen, the tumor was diagnosed as angioleiomyoma. Here, an unusual +clinical presentation of uterine angioleiomyoma was reported. + +DOI: PAOR.2006.12.1.0050 +PMID: 16554917 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1264. Pathol Oncol Res. 2006;12(1):21-7. Epub 2006 Mar 23. + +The intratumoral microvessel density and expression of bFGF and nm23-H1 in +colorectal cancer. + +Elagoz S(1), Egilmez R, Koyuncu A, Muslehiddinoglu A, Arici S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, +58140, Turkey. selagoz@cumhuriyet.edu.tr + +It has previously been reported that intratumoral microvessel density (IMD), and +the expression of bFGF and nm23-H1 are useful prognostic markers in colorectal +cancer (CRC). In this study, a total of 100 CRCs were evaluated +histopathologically, and IMD, bFGF and nm23-H1 expression were assessed by +immunohistochemistry. IMD of patients increased with grade and stage, and this +increase was statistically significant (p<0.05). A significantly higher incidence +of high bFGF expression scores was also associated with increasing grade and +stage (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the grades +in nm23-H1 expression (p=0.234). nm23-H1 expression occurred with lower incidence +in stages C1, C2 and D than in stages B1 and B2 (p<0.05). Thus, a negative +correlation was found between nm23-H1 expression and stage or lymph node +metastasis (LNM) (p<0.05). IMD and bFGF expression were positively correlated +with grade, stage, LNM, and lymphovascular invasion. Although positive +correlation was found between IMD and bFGF, nm23-H1 expression negatively +correlated with both of them. As a result, in clinical practice, increased IMD +and bFGF expression and decreased nm23-H1 expression may provide valuable +information in characterizing the malignant phenotype. + +DOI: PAOR.2006.12.1.0021 +PMID: 16554912 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1265. Pathol Oncol Res. 2006;12(1):13-9. Epub 2006 Mar 23. + +Reduced E-cadherin and alpha-catenin expressions have no prognostic role in +bladder carcinoma. + +Koksal IT(1), Ates M, Danisman A, Sezer C, Ciftcioglu A, Karpuzoglu G, Sevuk M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, +07070, Turkey. tkoksal@akdeniz.edu.tr + +In various human cancers, dysfunction of the E-cadherin-catenin complex is +associated with a decrease in cellular and tissue differentiation, and with +higher invasive and metastatic potentials. The objective of this study was to +investigate E-cadherin and alpha-catenin expression in superficial noninvasive +papillary TCC and invasive TCC, and correlate these results with pathological and +clinical parameters. We have used immunohistochemistry to localize Ecadherin and +alpha-catenin in 56 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 41 +patients with superficial bladder cancer and 15 with invasive bladder cancer. The +46 male and 10 female patients had a mean age of 67 years, with range of 40 to 82 +years. The mean follow-up time was 33.4 (range 5-120) months. Tumor grade 1:2:3 +ratios were 5:32:19. In superficial bladder tumor, abnormal expression of +E-cadherin and alpha-catenin was demonstrated in 37 and 71% of the tumors, +respectively. In advanced bladder tumor, abnormal expression of E-cadherin and +alpha-catenin was demonstrated in 80 and 100% of the tumors, respectively. +Differences in expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin could be discerned +between superficial and advanced bladder tumors (p=0.004, p=0.024, respectively). +However, the association between E-cadherin and alpha-catenin expression and +tumor grade was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In addition, the +expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin did not correlate with tumor number +and size (p>0.05). We have demonstrated that abnormal expression of E-cadherin +and/or alpha-catenin occurs in more than 85% of bladder carcinomas and correlates +significantly only with advanced stage. Nevertheless, these observations need to +be confirmed in larger prospective clinical studies. + +DOI: PAOR.2006.12.1.0013 +PMID: 16554911 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1266. Toxicol Pathol. 2006;34(2):180-6. + +The relationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and +histomorphometrical alterations in cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in +rats. + +Cetinkaya BO(1), Acikgoz G, Aydin O, Korkmaz A, Keles GC. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ondokuzmayis University, +Samsun, 55139, Turkey. ozkandt@hotmail.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Proliferating +Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) expression and histomorphometrical alterations in +cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth with or without microbial dental +plaque accumulation. Forty male Wistar rats were equally divided into 4 groups; +Group I (control); Group II (CsA); Group III (ligature); Group IV (ligature and +CsA). After 8 weeks of experimental period, rats were subsequently decapitated +and mandibular molars were dissected. Gingival overgrowth was determined by +measuring depth of the gingival sulcus, then the mandible were decalcified and +serial sections were obtained for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical +analysis. Histomorphometric analysis included the measurement of epithelial +thickness; immunohistochemical analysis included the assessment of PCNA +expression in the oral and sulcular epithelium of buccal and lingual gingiva. +Epithelial thickness and PCNA expression were significantly increased in buccal +oral epithelium of Group II (p < 0.05) and in all regions in Group IV (p < 0.05) +compared to control group. Also gingival overgrowth was more prominent in Group +IV in comparison to Group II. These results indicate that CsA-induced gingival +alterations are closely associated with increased epithelial proliferative +activity, and dental plaque accumulation seems not to be an essential but to be +an aggrevating factor for the progression of the lesion. + +DOI: 10.1080/01926230600611778 +PMID: 16546941 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1267. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2006 Mar-Apr;15(2):105-9. + +Investigation of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA, chlamydial lipopolisaccharide +antigens, and Helicobacter pylori DNA in atherosclerotic plaques of patients with +aortoiliac occlusive disease. + +Kaklikkaya I(1), Kaklikkaya N, Buruk K, Pulathan Z, Koramaz I, Aydin F, Tosun I, +Osman Kilic A, Ozcan F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Karadeniz Technical +University, Trabzon, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION: It has been suggested that chronic infections may +have a role in both the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. While the +majority of available data are focused on coronary artery disease, our aim was to +investigate the presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helicobacter pylori in +samples from aortoiliac occlusive disease. +METHODS: Aorta-iliac atherectomy specimens were collected under sterile +conditions from 21 patients (19 male, 2 female) undergoing surgery for aortoiliac +occlusive disease. Seventeen macroscopically healthy vessels (12 internal mammary +arteries, 3 radial arteries, prepared for coronary artery bypass graft, and 2 +traumatic artery specimens, one of which was a superficial femoral artery and the +other was a radial artery) were used as control. Blood samples for serological +assays were obtained immediately before surgery. The polymerase chain reaction +(PCR) was employed to search for H. pylori and C. pneumoniae DNA in +atherosclerotic plaques and healthy vessel samples. Group-specific chlamydial +lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens in atherosclerotic plaques and in healthy +vessel samples and serum IgG antibodies to chlamydial LPS were determined by +using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). +Antibodies to H. pylori were also tested in all cases by means of an in-house +ELISA. +RESULTS: Chlamydial LPS and DNA were detected in 6 of 21 (28.57%) atherosclerotic +lesions using ELISA or PCR, respectively. There was no evidence of H. pylori DNA +in any plaque specimens. All cases in which C. pneumoniae DNA was positive were +also seropositive for antichlamydial LPS. Neither C. pneumoniae DNA nor antigen +nor H. pylori DNA was found in the macroscopically healthy samples. +CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that C. pneumoniae but not, as proposed, H. +pylori may be involved in the pathogenesis of aortoiliac atherosclerosis. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2005.12.001 +PMID: 16533699 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1268. Neuropathology. 2006 Feb;26(1):57-61. + +Primary rhabdoid tumor of the brain in an adult. + +Rezanko T(1), Tunakan M, Kahraman A, Sucu HK, Gelal F, Akkol I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Rhabdoid tumor (RT) is an uncommon childhood neoplasm that typically arises +within the kidney. It is characterized by an aggressive clinical course. Since +its description in 1978, several cases of primary extrarenal RT, including a CNS +localization, have been reported. The first case in the CNS was reported in 1985 +and was defined as "rhabdoid tumor" initially, and was classified as grade IV in +the most recent classification of the World Health Organization under the term of +"atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor". Nearly 200 cases of atypical +teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the CNS have been reported to date, most of them +occurring in childhood. We report a case of primary RT of the brain located in +the right frontal lobe with the clinical, radiographic and pathological features +presenting at an unusual age. This tumor, which was composed purely of rhabdoid +cells with no additional primitive neuroectodermal, epithelial and mesenchymal +components, was in a 27-year-old male patient. In conclusion, RT should be +considered also in the differential diagnosis of intracerebral neoplasms of adult +patients. + + +PMID: 16521480 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1269. APMIS. 2006 Feb;114(2):139-45. + +Prevalence, susceptibility profile and proteinase production of yeasts causing +vulvovaginitis in Turkish women. + +Ozcan SK(1), Budak F, Yucesoy G, Susever S, Willke A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, +Turkey. + +In this study the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), antifungal +susceptibility and proteinase production of isolated Candida species were +investigated. Vaginal swabs were collected from symptomatic women with +vulvovaginitis attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Kocaeli +University, Turkey. The relation between risk factors, such as pregnancy, +diabetes mellitus, antibiotic and corticosteroid use, history of sexually +transmitted diseases and contraceptive methods, was recorded. Candida spp. were +identified by conventional methods, then evaluated for proteinase secretion in a +medium containing casein. Antifungal susceptibility was determined according to +the NCCLS microdilution method. The prevalence of women with vulvovaginitis was +35.7% (170/6080) and 16% (28/170) of them were diagnosed as VVC. Candida albicans +was the dominant species: 21 (75%), followed by 4 C. glabrata (14%), 2 C. +tropicalis (7%), and one C. krusei (3.5%). All isolates were susceptible to +fluconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B, except one C. krusei, one C. +glabrata and one C. albicans that were resistant to fluconazole. Proteinase +production was determined in 19 (90.5%) C. albicans and in all C. tropicalis +isolates. Proteinase activity was not associated with antifungal resistance. No +association was found between risk factors and VVC. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_360.x +PMID: 16519751 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1270. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2006 Jan-Feb;30(1):103-10. + +Ultrastructural damage in vascular endothelium in rats treated with paclitaxel +and doxorubicin. + +Yamaç D(1), Elmas C, Ozoğul C, Keskil Z, Dursun A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. dynamac@gazi.edu.tr + +Endothelium is the first physiological barrier between blood and tissues and can +be injured by physical or chemical stress, particularly by the drugs used in the +cancer therapy. Paclitaxel and doxorubicin are frequently used anticancer drugs +and their cardiac side effects are well observed in clinical setting. Their side +effects on the endothelium are still not clear enough. There are few +investigations assessing the damages elicited by the combination use of +chemotherapy agents in animal experimental models. The purpose of this study was +to examine and compare the side effects of doxorubicin and paclitaxel on +endothelium in vivo. The drugs were administered weekly to rats via +intraperitoneal injections singly or in combinations. Lastly, aorta endothelium +was examined. The most familiar parts of the aorta endothelium are the nucleus, +free ribosomes, Weibel-Palada granules, plasmalemmal vesicles, and clear basement +membrane. Examination of the endothelium and the related structures revealed some +clear degenerative findings. Notably, administration of a paclitaxel and +doxorubicin combinations caused the most dramatic change in ultrastructure, which +may disrupt many functions of the endothelium. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913120500406335 +PMID: 16517476 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1271. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2006 Jan-Feb;30(1):95-102. + +Ultrastructural findings and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and intercellular +adhesion molecule-1 expression in psoriasis patients before and after oral +cyclosporin A therapy. + +Eşrefoğlu M(1), Gül M, Seyhan M. + +Author information: +(1)Inonu University, Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, +Malatya, Turkey. mdrmukaddes@yahoo.com + +Elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis +factor-alpha, are found in skin lesions and plasma of patients with psoriasis. +Clinical improvement of psoriasis with cyclosporin A treatment is accompanied by +downmodulation of proinflammatory epidermal cytokines. In this study to determine +the effects of cyclosporin A on the ultrastructural changes and tumor necrosis +factor-alpha and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in psoriasis, +biopsy specimens before and after cyclosporin A treatment were evaluated +ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically. Ten patients were given 3-7.5 mg/kg +oral cyclosporin A for 6 months. Before and after treatment full thickness of +4-mm punch biopsies were obtained from patients and from 6 healthy volunteers. +Samples were processed for electron microscopic and immunohistochemical +evaluation. The treatment was well tolerated with complete clinical improvement. +The ultrastructural changes such as reduction of tonofilaments, dilatation of +intercellular space, and interruption in lamina densa were recovered by +cyclosporin A treatment. The increased staining intensity of tumor necrosis +factor-alpha and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on epidermal keratinocytes and +endothelial cells was reduced after cyclosporin A therapy. Cyclosporin A +treatment results in total normalization of the electron microscopic picture of +psoriasis and its beneficial effect depends on the direct inhibition of tumor +necrosis factor-alpha and consequently intercellular adhesion molecule-1. + +DOI: 10.1080/01913120500406616 +PMID: 16517475 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1272. Pathol Res Pract. 2006;202(5):389-93. Epub 2006 Feb 28. + +Insular carcinoma of the thyroid with uncommon cytologic features: anisokaryotic +cells and microfollicles containing dense colloid. + +Erkiliç S(1), Koçer NE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, +Turkey. serk52@yahoo.com + +Insular carcinoma of the thyroid is a rare neoplasm, constituting less than 5% of +all thyroid tumors. It was Carcangiu et al. who first described this tumor, which +exhibits an intermediate biologic behavior between well-differentiated and +undifferentiated follicular carcinomas, as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. A +63-year-old female patient with thyroid enlargement was admitted to our +institution. Thyroid ultrasonography revealed a 5x4x3cm solid nodule within the +right thyroid lobe. The fine needle aspiration was highly cellular; there were +individual cells with naked nuclei, loose aggregates, cohesive clusters of +follicular cells and infrequent microfollicles with round-oval nuclei containing +finely granular chromatin, and scant cytoplasm. There were two uncommon findings +not previously reported in the literature. The first one is anisokaryotic nuclei, +and the second one is the presence of dense colloid in the center of +microfollicles. The aspiration biopsy was reported as malignant. The patient +underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy. Histopathologically, the lesion was +diagnosed as insular carcinoma. We believe that in addition to the previously +described cytopathologic findings, microfollicles with dense colloid core and +anisokaryosis may be indicators of insular carcinoma in thyroid FNACs. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2006.01.008 +PMID: 16510251 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1273. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Mar;27(1):90-2. + +Subvalvular aortic stenosis as a cause of sudden death: two case reports. + +Turan AA(1), Guven T, Karayel F, Pakis I, Gurpinar K, Ozaslan A. + +Author information: +(1)Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. arzu_turantr@yahoo.com + +Sudden death is defined as a death that occurs suddenly, develops during an +unpredictable course, and is due to natural or unnatural causes. Although there +is no universally standardized definition on how "sudden" a sudden death is, WHO +defines sudden death as a death that occurs within 24 hours after the onset of +symptoms. The aim of this study is to present 2 rarely reported autopsy cases and +to emphasize the importance of systemic autopsy at sudden death. On macroscopic +examination, crescent-shaped, thick, fibrous membranes, located 5 mm and 3 mm +away from the aortic valves, were detected. Fibrous membranes extended from the +ventricular septum to the left ventricular outflow tract, thus apparently +narrowing this region. Left ventricular wall and septum were slightly thickened, +and there were scattered grayish-white areas of a small diameter. These became +more intense in the septum and myocardium of the left ventricle on the anterior +plane of the myocardial sections. In both cases, the aortic valves of were +thickened and also markedly narrowed on one of them. In this case, the fibrous +membrane adhered to the aortic valve and extended to the anterior leaflet of the +mitral valve at one side. Both aortic valves comprised 3 leaflets. Other valves +and coronary arteries showed no macroscopic pathologic findings. Microscopic +examination of both cases demonstrated that the fibrous membrane comprising +abundant collagen fibers was situated on the ventricular septum. Hypertrophy, +moderate to severe interstitial fibrosis, and focal areas of scarring were +observed in the specimens taken from the septal and ventricular myocardium. No +abnormality was found on the conduction system examinations. Toxicologic analysis +results in blood were negative. Based on the findings, membranous-type (discrete +type) subvalvular aortic stenosis, diagnosed during the autopsy, was considered +as the cause of sudden death in both cases. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000203301.96511.f7 +PMID: 16501359 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1274. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006 Mar;27(1):50-4. + +Deaths from drug overdose and toxicity in Turkey: 1997-2001. + +Colak B(1), Başer L, Yayci N, Etiler N, Inanici MA. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. colakbasar@yahoo.com + +Turkey is located on the main overland connection between Asia and Europe, making +the country potentially vulnerable to drug trafficking and its associated harms. +The aim of the present study is to explore the frequency of all deaths from drug +overdose and toxicity in Turkey and to describe some of the characteristics of +these deaths. We collected data on all deaths from drugs in Turkey between 1997 +and 2001 using records from the Council of Forensic Medicine. Data obtained from +autopsy reports were retrospectively analyzed. In the present study, 374 deaths +from drugs were reported in Turkey, with a mortality rate of 0.17 per 100,000 +population. Highest mortality rates were found in Istanbul (0.83) and Gaziantep +(0.71). The mean age was 34.0, and most cases (71.7%) were below the age of 40. +The proportion of female cases was 13.6%. Opiates were implicated in 91.5% of +deaths and benzodiazepines in 25.9%. Two fifths (38.8%) of the cases involved use +of more than 1 drug. In 36.6% of cases, the route of final drug administration +was by injection. The most common location of death was at a home (33.7%). +Interventions to reduce drug use nationally are urgently required. International +cooperation in social-educational activities, scientific research, and security +measures is essential for this war. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000201108.24172.cf +PMID: 16501349 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1275. APMIS. 2006 Jan;114(1):10-4. + +Perinatal expression of HSP70 and VEGF in neonatal rat lung vessels exposed to +nicotine during gestation. + +Canoz O(1), Gunes T, Deniz K, Akgun H, Balkanli S. + +Author information: +(1)Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey. ozlemorcan@yahoo.com + +We assessed the influence of maternal nicotine exposure during gestation on +perinatal expression of HSP70 and VEGF in rat lung parenchyma and lung vessels. +Adult white Sprague-Dawley virgin rats were mated with adult male rats over 2 +days, with two females for every male. After confirming pregnancy, 30 gravid rats +(dams) were then randomly assigned to two equal groups (one experimental and one +control; n=15 in each). Experimental dams were treated with subcutaneus (s.c.) +(-)-nicotine tartrate, 3 mg/kg body weight/day, during pregnancy from gestational +days 9 through 21. After sacrifice, lungs were removed en bloc and +formalin-fixed, and paraffinembedded tissue sections were evaluated by +immunohistochemistry using a three-step streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method +with monoclonal antibodies directed against HSP70 or VEGF. HSP70 and VEGF +expression was increased in the vascular smooth muscle cells of the experimental +group (t1) compared to the control group (t(2))t(1)=7.593, t(2)=4.666, p<0.05). +The number of bronchioles that stained positively with HSP70 was higher in the +nicotineexposed group than in the control group (t(1)=9.274, t(2)=6.956, p<0.05). +In conclusion, gestational nicotine exposure increased the expression of VEGF and +HSP70 in rat lung parenchyma, especially in the airway epithelium and vascular +smooth muscle cells. In vascular smooth muscle cells, these molecules may +contribute to nicotine-related hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_176.x +PMID: 16499655 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1276. Virchows Arch. 2006 May;448(5):591-6. Epub 2006 Feb 18. + +Histone mRNA in situ hybridization and Ki 67 immunohistochemistry in pediatric +adrenocortical tumors. + +Orhan D(1), Kale G, Cağlar M, Göğüş S, Karaağaoğlu E. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Pediatric Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, +Ihsan Doğramaci Children's Hospital, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +diclehan@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Adrenocortical tumors in the pediatric population are rare. Classification of +these tumors as adenomas or carcinomas using histological criteria is often +difficult. Immunohistochemical expressions of proliferative markers are currently +under investigation for utilization in the differential diagnosis and prediction +of clinical outcomes. The value of histone proteins as prognostic markers in +adrenocortical tumors has not yet been elucidated. We evaluated the histological +features, immunohistochemical staining of Ki 67, and in situ hybridization for +histone mRNA in 30 pediatric adrenocortical tumors. We investigated the +relationship between these parameters and the prognosis. Using the classification +proposed by Weiss, 19 tumors were classified as carcinomas and 11 as adenomas. Ki +67 and histone mRNA labeling indices (LIs, the percentage of Ki 67-positive and +histone mRNA-positive tumor cells, respectively) were significantly higher in +carcinomas than in adenomas (Ki 67 LI was 14.62+/-5.79 in adenomas and +20.35+/-6.23 in carcinomas, p=0.02. Histone mRNA LI was 1.73+/-1.71 in adenomas +and 6.62+/-2.28 in carcinomas, p=0.00). The proliferative activity assessed by +histone mRNA was lower than that assessed by Ki 67 in both diagnostic groups. The +cut off point for the diagnosis of malignancy was found to be 14.55 for Ki 67 LI +and 5.75 for histone mRNA LI. A correlation was found between a histone mRNA +LI>or=5 and poor prognosis (recurrence, metastasis, or death). We concluded that +the proliferative activity of the tumor assessed by Ki 67 and histone mRNA may +assist in differentiating adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas. In addition, +our results suggest that the most reliable parameter to predict prognosis in +pediatric adrenocortical tumors is the histone mRNA LI. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-006-0152-2 +PMID: 16489441 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1277. Pathology. 2006 Feb;38(1):58-62. + +Lithium-induced lung toxicity in rats: the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester +(CAPE). + +Sahin O(1), Sulak O, Yavuz Y, Uz E, Eren I, Ramazan Yilmaz H, Malas MA, Altuntas +I, Songur A. + +Author information: +(1)Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Turkey. kumtanesi34@yahoo.com + +AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on +lithium (Li)-induced lung toxicity. +METHODS: Twenty-two adult male Wistar albino rats weighing between 280 and 300 g +were used. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, Li and +Li+CAPE groups. Li and CAPE were co-administered intraperitoneally twice daily +for 4 weeks. Control rats were given 0.9% NaCl during the same period. All the +rats were allowed to feed ad libitum until midnight after they had received the +proposed treatment. +RESULTS: In the Li group, peribronchial and intraparenchymal lymphocyte and +macrophage infiltration were observed. Atypical type II pneumocytes, alveolar +destruction and emphysematous changes were also detected. Lymphocyte and +macrophage infiltration was significantly decreased in the Li+CAPE group compared +with the Li group. Alveolar destruction, emphysematous changes and +intraparenchymal mononuclear cell infiltration were also recovered to a level +close to the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased in the Li +group compared with the control group. CAPE administration decreased the MDA +levels in the Li+CAPE group. +CONCLUSIONS: CAPE was found to associate with histopathological changes recovery +in the lungs and oxidative stress due to Li treatment. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020500464904 +PMID: 16484010 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1278. Pathology. 2006 Feb;38(1):10-5. + +Cell proliferation rate and telomerase activity in the differential diagnosis +between benign and malignant mesothelial proliferations. + +Cakir C(1), Gulluoglu MG, Yilmazbayhan D. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +AIMS: The differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) from benign +mesothelial lesions (BML) based on histopathological criteria is sometimes not +satisfying and causes diagnostic problems for histopathologists. We aimed to +investigate whether the immunohistochemically determined cell proliferation rate +and telomerase activity, using Ki-67 and human telomerase reverse transcriptase +(hTERT) immunohistochemistry, respectively, are useful in the differential +diagnosis of MM from BML. +METHODS: Sixty-six cases of MM (33 epithelioid, 30 biphasic and 3 sarcomatoid) +and 22 cases of BML (15 reactive mesothelial proliferations and 7 fibrous +pleuritis/pericarditis) were included in this study. We evaluated the +proliferative activity by Ki-67 and telomerase activity by hTERT +immunohistochemistries for each case. +RESULTS: The mean value of the Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) in MMs was +significantly higher than that of BMLs. Biphasic MMs have higher a Ki-67 PI than +epithelioid and sarcomatoid types. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry has a sensitivity +of 74%, specificity of 86% and positive predictive value of 94% in detecting MM. +hTERT immunohistochemistry detected MM with sensitivity and specificity of 68%. +CONCLUSION: As a result, being cheap and simple methods, Ki-67 and hTERT +immunohistochemistries can be used in differentiating malignant and benign +mesothelial lesions in routine formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material. + +DOI: 10.1080/00313020500456017 +PMID: 16484001 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1279. Acta Neuropathol. 2006 Feb;111(2):115-25. Epub 2006 Feb 9. + +The distribution pattern of pathology and cholinergic deficits in amygdaloid +complex in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. + +Sahin HA(1), Emre M, Ziabreva I, Perry E, Celasun B, Perry R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, +Kurupelit, 55139, Samsun, Turkey. hasahin@omu.edu.tr + +We studied the distribution pattern of pathology and cholinergic deficits in the +subnuclei of the amygdaloid complex (AC) in five patients with Alzheimer's +disease (AD), eight with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and five normal +controls. In controls, the basal nucleus contained the highest choline +acetyltransferase activity; the activity in the lateral and central nuclei and +those in the cortical, medial and accessory basal nuclei were comparable. In AD, +there was a significant decrease in choline acetyltransferase activity in the +accessory basal and lateral nuclei, in DLB a significant decrease was observed in +the accessory basal, lateral and cortical nuclei. Compared to controls the +hyperphosphorylated tau-pathology burden was significantly higher in the basal, +central and medial nuclei in AD and in the central, cortical, lateral and medial +nuclei in DLB. The amyloid plaque burden was significantly higher in the +accessory basal, basal, lateral and cortical nuclei in AD and in all nuclei in +DLB. The alpha-synuclein burden was significantly higher in all nuclei in both AD +and DLB. Compared to AD alpha-synuclein burden was higher in all nuclei in DLB. +There were no correlations between the distribution pattern of +hyperphosphorylated tau-pathology, amyloid plaques and alpha-synuclein-positive +structures, and choline acetyltransferase activity, except the lateral nucleus in +DLB. In conclusion we found no relationship between the pattern of cholinergic +deficits and the distribution pattern of lesions in the AC of patients with AD or +DLB. Cholinergic deficits were more prominent in the nuclei of basolateral (BL) +group in AD, whereas the nuclei of both BL and corticomedial groups were involved +in DLB, which may be due to the involvement of both basal forebrain and brainstem +cholinergic nuclei in the latter. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00401-005-0003-2 +PMID: 16468020 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1280. J Clin Pathol. 2006 Apr;59(4):377-81. Epub 2006 Feb 3. + +Renal medullary changes in renal allograft recipients with raised serum +creatinine. + +Sis B(1), Sarioglu S, Celik A, Kasap B, Yildiz S, Kavukcu S, Gulay H, Camsari T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. banu.sis@deu.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the renal medulla may reflect rejection +related changes and thus have a predictive value in the assessment of acute renal +allograft rejection or chronic graft damage. +METHODS: 75 post-transplant biopsies from 57 patients were scored according to +the Banff 1997 scheme. The biopsies with adequate cortical and medullary tissue +(n = 23) were selected and medullary tissues were reviewed for rejection related +lesions except intimal arteritis. Chronic damage was determined by image analysis +depending on periodic acid-methenamine silver (PAMS)-Masson trichrome (MT) +staining. Medullary and cortical changes were compared. +RESULTS: Interstitial inflammation and tubulitis were more frequent and severe in +the cortex (p<0.001). Medullary tubulitis was associated with intimal arteritis +(p = 0.003, r = 0.598). Medullary interstitial inflammation (n = 8) and tubulitis +(n = 4) were associated with cortical borderline changes (n = 5) or allograft +rejection (n = 3). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative +predictive values of medullary inflammatory changes in predicting cortical +allograft rejection were 43%, 69%, 37%, and 73%, respectively. A significant +association was observed between medullary MT-SAP and cortical PAMS-SAP values (p += 0.02, R(2) = 0.23). +CONCLUSIONS: Acute rejection related lesions are more common and severe in the +cortex, and the renal medulla does not sufficiently reflect cortical rejection. +The positive and negative predictive values of medullary changes for allograft +rejection are low, and medullary inflammation is not a reliable indicator of +allograft rejection. Increased medullary fibrosis is correlated with chronic +cortical damage. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2005.029181 +PMCID: PMC1860372 +PMID: 16461569 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1281. Histol Histopathol. 2006 Apr;21(4):367-71. doi: 10.14670/HH-21.367. + +The effect of oestradiol and neta on immunohistochemical staining of iNOS and +eNOS in coronary arteries of ovariectomized rats. + +Koyuncu FM(1), Ozbilgin K, Kuscu NK, Inan S, Vatansever S, Ceylan E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Celal Bayar University, School of +Medicine, Manisa, Turkey. faik.koyuncu@baya.edu.tr + +AIM: The postmenopausal period is associated with increased risk for coronary +atherosclerosis, and the effect of hormone replacement therapy in reducing this +risk is controversial. Previous studies reported that nitric oxide synthetase +(NOS) level might be important for the development of atherosclerosis, but no +study has shown the interaction between hormone replacement therapy and +endothelial NOS and inducible NOS intensity on coronary arteries yet. Our goal +was to find out the immunostaining intensity of endothelial NOS and inducible NOS +in ovariectomized rats which received oestradiol and norethisterone treatment. +METHODS: We performed bilateral ovariectomy in 15, female, 90-day-old Wistar rats +with an average weight of 250 grams. After waiting for 4 weeks for the menopausal +state, they were divided into 3 groups to receive either placebo, 0.1 mg/day +17-beta-oestradiol (group E2), or 0.1 mg/day 17-beta-oestradiol + 0.1 mg/day +norethisterone acetate (group E2-NETA) for 5 weeks. Another group included 5, +normal, adult, female intact rats and served as controls. At the end of the +treatment, all rats were sacrificed and coronary arteries were stained with +inducible NOS and endothelial NOS polyclonal antibodies using streptavidin-biotin +technique. +RESULTS: The immunostaining of inducible NOS was prominent in perivascular +connective tissue of the ovariectomized group but not in the control group. The +inducible NOS immunostaining immunoreactivity was not detected in either treated +groups. Immunostaining intensity of endothelial NOS did not differ in any 4 +groups with similar staining. +CONCLUSION: The present findings indicate that hormone replacement therapy +down-regulates iNOS expression in coronary arteries of ovariectomized rats, and +reduced iNOS may likely be involved in estrogen's beneficial effects. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-21.367 +PMID: 16437382 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1282. Virchows Arch. 2006 Apr;448(4):394-8. Epub 2006 Jan 18. + +Multihormonality and entrapment of islets in pancreatic endocrine tumors. + +Kapran Y(1), Bauersfeld J, Anlauf M, Sipos B, Klöppel G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Capa, +Istanbul, Turkey. ykapran@hotmail.com + +We analyzed pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) from 200 patients for the +incidence of multihormonality and entrapped islets and correlated the results +with clinicopathological features. Our series included 86 cases (43%) of +functioning PET and 114 cases (57%) of nonfunctioning PET. Classified according +to the WHO classification, there were 32 well-differentiated benign PETs, 85 +well-differentiated PETs with uncertain behavior, and 83 well-differentiated +malignant PETs. All tumors were immunostained for pancreatic hormones (insulin, +glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide) and for additional hormones +such as gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, calcitonin, seratonin, and +adrenocorticotropic hormone. Multihormonality was found in 34% of all PETs and it +was a frequent finding in the tumors of the uncertain behavior (38.8%) group. +Islet entrapment was found in 57 tumors (28.5%) and was significantly more +frequent in PETs with uncertain and malignant behavior than benign ones (p=0.01). +In 57 cases, we also investigated whether ductule entrapment accompanied islet +entrapment. Of these 57 tumors, 45 (79%) tumors had accompanying ductule +entrapment. Ductule entrapment did not show significant correlation with +malignancy and was a more frequent finding in nonfunctioning tumors. We conclude +that the incidence of multihormonality in PETs is not as high as suggested +previously and islet entrapping may reflect aggressive tumor growth and may be a +complementary criterion for predicting the biological behavior of PETs. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-005-0147-4 +PMID: 16418841 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1283. Pathol Res Pract. 2006;202(2):93-8. Epub 2006 Jan 18. + +Analysis of NKX3.1 expression in prostate cancer tissues and correlation with +clinicopathologic features. + +Aslan G(1), Irer B, Tuna B, Yorukoglu K, Saatcioglu F, Celebi I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Inciralti, +Izmir 35340, Turkey. aslang@deu.edu.tr + +This study aimed to analyze NKX3.1 expression in tissue samples of benign +prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in three different prostate cancer categories. The +correlation of NKX3.1 expression with clinical and pathologic features of +patients having undergone radical prostatectomy also was investigated. NKX3.1 +expression was determined in tissue samples obtained from four different +histopathological categories: (1) from patients treated with transurethral +prostatectomy for BPH (n = 26), (2) localized prostate cancer patients subjected +to radical prostatectomy (n = 38), (3) biopsy samples from prostate cancer +patients who were metastatic at the initial admission (n = 10), and (4) tissue +samples of prostate cancer patients administered antiandrogens, but who had +undergone transurethral prostatectomy for infravesical obstruction (n = 11). +Standard immunohistochemical staining was performed using an antiserum raised +against recombinant human NKX3.1. Staining was seen in all categories of +prostatic tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining scores were lower in prostate +cancer patients. The staining scores were significantly higher in patients with +BPH compared to metastatic or localized prostate cancer patients. Staining scores +of patients with BPH and of those under antiandrogen therapy were similar. No +significant correlation was found between NKX3.1 expression and tumor volume, +Gleason sum scores, the presence of extraprostatic extension, tumor stage, or +serum PSA. NKX3.1 expression is significantly decreased in prostate cancer +patients when compared to BPH. However, the decline of NKX3.1 expression was not +correlated with prostate cancer progression and was not associated with advanced +stage. Thus, NKX3.1 expression is not a clinically valuable prognostic factor. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2005.11.007 +PMID: 16413692 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1284. Vet Pathol. 2006 Jan;43(1):67-75. + +Immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory infiltrate in the skin and lung of +lambs naturally infected with sheeppox virus. + +Gulbahar MY(1), Davis WC, Yuksel H, Cabalar M. + +Author information: +(1)University of Ondokuz Mayis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of +Pathology, Kurupelit, 55200 Samsun, Turkey. mygulbahar@hotmail.com + +The present study describes immunophenotypic characteristics of inflammatory +infiltrate in the skin and lung of lambs naturally infected with sheeppox virus +(SPV). Three lambs revealed typical cutaneous and pulmonary lesions of sheeppox. +Histologically, cutaneous and pulmonary lesions consisted of hyperplastic and/or +degenerative changes in the epithelium with mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and +typical sheeppox cells (SPCs), which had a vacuolated nucleus and marginated +chromatin with occasional granular intracytoplasmic inclusions. The inflammatory +infiltrate in pox lesions in both skin and lung was characterized by the presence +of MHC II+ dendritic cells, CD4+, CD8+, gammadelta+ T cells, IgM+ cells, and +CD21+ cells. Loss of expression of MHC I and MHC II antigens was observed in the +affected areas of skin and lung. SPCs, stained with anti-SPV antibody, were also +positive for CD14 and CD172A, antigens expressed on monocytes and macrophages. +CD14 and CD172A negative SPCs were considered to be SPV infected degenerated +epithelial cells or fibroblasts. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.43-1-67 +PMID: 16407491 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1285. Dis Markers. 2005;21(4):191-7. + +Polymorphisms at the ligand binding site of the vitamin D receptor gene and +osteomalacia. + +Ak DG(1), Kahraman H, Dursun E, Duman BS, Erensoy N, Alagöl F, Tanakol R, +Yilmazer S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, Turkey. + +Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been suggested as possible +determinants of bone mineral density (BMD) and calcium metabolism. In this study, +our aim was to determine whether there is an association between VDR gene +polymorphism and osteomalacia or not. We determined ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms +in the vitamin D receptor gene in 24 patients with osteomalacia and 25 +age-matched healthy controls. Serum calcium, phosphorus, ALP, PTH, 25OHD levels +were also examined. We used PCR and RFLP methods to test for an association +between osteomalacia and polymorphisms within, intron 8 and exon 9 of the VDR +gene. When the control and patients were compared for their ApaI and TaqI +genotypes there was no relationship between VDR gene allelic polymorphisms and +osteomalacia. Whereas a nearly significant difference for A allele was found in +the allellic distribution of the patients (p=0.08). Also no association between +biochemical data and VDR gene polymorphisms was observed. + + +PMCID: PMC3850868 +PMID: 16403954 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1286. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(4):242-4. Epub 2005 Dec 31. + +Cystic lymphangioma of the right adrenal gland. + +Ates LE(1), Kapran Y, Erbil Y, Barbaros U, Dizdaroglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. loraates@hotmail.com + +Lymphangiomas are benign malformations of the vessels. They are commonly located +in the neck, axillary region and mediastinum. Lymphangioma of the adrenal gland +is very rare. These lesions were first discovered as incidental autopsy findings. +As the imaging techniques have improved, they now appear as incidental findings +at abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography scan examinations. They are +usually asymptomatic. We present a 26-year-old woman admitted to the hospital, +complaining of weakness, putting on weight, and lumbago. Her laboratory findings +were within normal limits. Radiological examination revealed a 7 cm cystic lesion +located in the right adrenal gland. Right adrenalectomy was performed. +Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis of the cystic +lesion was consistent with a lymphangioma. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.4.0242 +PMID: 16388322 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1287. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(4):224-8. Epub 2005 Dec 31. + +Chromosome 1p36 and 22qter deletions in paraffin block sections of intracranial +meningiomas. + +Yilmaz Z(1), Sahin FI, Atalay B, Ozen O, Caner H, Bavbek M, Demirhan B, Altinörs +N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Genetics, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Meningiomas are the most frequent benign tumors of the intracranial cavity. The +classification and underlying pathogenetic mechanisms have been reported to be +investigated by both pathological and genetic methods. In this study, we aimed to +detect 1p36 and 22qter deletions by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in +archival materials of 50 intracranial meningioma patients. The clinical material +consisted of paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 50 patients who were +surgically treated and had histopathologic diagnosis of an intracranial +meningioma. We observed 1p36 deletion in 23/50 (46%) and 22qter deletion in 33/50 +(66%) patients. In addition, we observed 22qter deletion in 26/36 (72.2%) +patients with meningothelial meningioma. This finding implies that 22qter +deletion might play an important role in the pathogenesis of meningothelial +meningioma. On the other hand, no alterations were documented in the frequency of +these chromosomal alterations according to the grade of meningiomas, suggesting +that malignant progression of these tumors depends on other, more relevant, +genetic changes. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.4.0224 +PMID: 16388319 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1288. Neuropathology. 2005 Dec;25(4):336-40. + +Pineal germinoma associated with multiple congenital melanocytic nevi: a unique +presentation. + +Aker FV(1), Berkman ZM, Aydingöz I, Hakan T, Toksoy G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. fugenaker@yahoo.com + +Intracranial germ cell tumors are rarely seen and typically localize in the +pineal or suprasellar region. The largest category of germ cell tumors is the +germinoma. There have been reported associations of malignant tumors and +chromosomal abnormalities in germ cell tumors. In this study, we present a +22-year-old man with multiple congenital melanocytic nevi in association with +pineal tumor. Congenital melanocytic lesions greater than 2 cm were counted to be +54 in number, and those smaller than 1 cm in diameter were found to be 25 in +number. The pathological diagnosis of the pineal tumors was germinoma, and the +lesions located in the occipital region and trunk were compound congenital nevi. +To our knowledge, a relationship between multiple congenital melanocytic nevi and +germ cell tumors has not been reported before. The connection between them +remains to be clarified. + + +PMID: 16382782 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1289. Diagn Cytopathol. 2006 Jan;34(1):31-2. + +Interaction of erythrocytes with clue cells: light microscopic observation. + +Demirezen S(1), Korkmaz E, Beksaç MS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, +Ankara, Turkey. sayeste@hacettepe.edu.tr + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20332 +PMID: 16355398 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1290. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2006 Jan;70(1):24-8. + +Flow cytometric comparison of RNA content in peripheral blood mononuclear cells +of Down syndrome patients and control individuals. + +Hamurcu Z(1), Demirtas H, Kumandas S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, 38039 +Kayseri, Turkey. zhamurcu@erciyes.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of +mental retardation associated with the immunologic and other known defects. Extra +chromosome 21 of DS patients contains an average of 40 extra copies of rRNA genes +and the in vivo regulation of these genes' activity is not known. Because over +80% of total cellular RNA is rRNA, the measurement of total cellular RNA provides +information on rRNA content. The aim of this work was to determine whether or not +the additional chromosome 21 causes any increase in total cellular RNA content in +mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PBMNCs) of these patients and whether or +not this content is modified with age. +METHOD: PBMNCs of 48 patients with DS and 48 healthy controls were studied. RNA +content of isolated PBMNCs was evaluated by flow cytometric measurements. +RESULTS: Average RNA content of younger DS patients' cells was significantly +higher than that of healthy controls (P=0.003). Furthermore, the RNA content +decreased significantly with increasing age of DS patients (r=-0.377, P=0.008) in +the range of 0-26 year old, whereas no significant relationship was found between +age and PBMNCs' RNA content of healthy controls in the same range of ages. +CONCLUSION: RNA content of PBMNCs from DS patients decreases rapidly with age. +This is the first work on the age-dependent decrease of the RNA content in PBMNCs +of DS patients. + +Copyright (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20077 +PMID: 16353214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1291. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2005 May-Jun;24(3):149-53. + +Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency in a child with isolated myopathy. + +Karadag A(1), Avci Z, Catal F, Odemis E. + +Author information: +(1)Fatih University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, +Turkey. ahmetkaradag@gmail.com + +Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is the most commonly recognized respiratory +chain defect in childhood. The disease is clinically heterogeneous with +phenotypes including Leigh syndrome, hepatic failure and myopathies. COX +deficiency has been associated with mitochondrial DNA mutations in COX I, II, and +III with large-scale deletions of the mitochondrial genome and with point +mutations in mitochondrial tRNA genes. Here we report on a 3.5-year-old girl with +a rare type of isolated myopathy due to COX deficiency. + +DOI: 10.1080/15227950500304218 +PMID: 16338876 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1292. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2005 Nov-Dec;8(6):710-7. Epub 2005 Nov 18. + +Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis associated with mitochondrial cytopathy: +report of two cases with special emphasis on podocytes. + +Güçer S(1), Talim B, Aşan E, Korkusuz P, Ozen S, Unal S, Kalkanoğlu SH, Kale G, +Cağlar M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Pathology Unit, Hacettepe University Faculty of +Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkey. sgucer@hacettepe.edu.tr + +We report two children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) associated +with mitochondrial cytopathy (MC). Case 1 was diagnosed as MC with the findings +of ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, failure to thrive, high serum lactate and pyruvate +levels, ragged red fibers in muscle biopsy and the common 4.9 kb deletion in +mtDNA when she was four years old. She subsequently developed FSGS four years +later. Case 2 was a four month-old girl presenting with feeding difficulty from +birth, with vomiting, seizures and nystagmoid eye movements, nephrotic +proteinuria and hematuria. Renal biopsy revealed FSGS. Ultrastructural study +demonstrated markedly pleomorphic mitochondria in podocytes with a severe +effacement of foot processes. The analyses of muscle biopsy and skin fibroblasts +for respiratory chain enzymes were found to be normal, while mitochondrial DNA +analysis revealed the population of a single deleted mtDNA in the heteroplasmic +state. The present cases illustrate FSGS as a rare renal complication of +mitochondrial disease and provide further evidence of podocytes possessing +abnormal mitochondria which may cause glomerular epithelial cell damage leading +to glomerulosclerosis. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10024-005-0058-z +PMID: 16328667 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1293. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2005 Nov;57(2):173-8. Epub 2005 Jun 17. + +Protective effect of Anzer honey against ethanol-induced increased vascular +permeability in the rat stomach. + +Doğan A(1), Kolankaya D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06532 Beytepe +Campus, Ankara, Turkey. aslid@hacettepe.edu.tr + +The purpose of this study was to determine the protective effect of Anzer honey +on ethanol-induced increased vascular permeability in rats. Evan's Blue (EB) dye, +administered intracardiacly and extravasation of EB into the stomach, served as +an indicator of vascular permeability following exposure to alcohol. Ethanol was +given orally to the ethanol group for 90 days, and N-etylmaleimide (NEM) was +given subcutaneously to the NEM group, and we observed increased extravasation of +EB in the stomach in both groups. For this reason, we used NEM as a positive +control for ethanol. Anzer honey, which contains 25.44 mg/g ascorbic acid, was +given to the honey+ethanol group orally 30 min before beginning the 90-day +ethanol administration. The mean amount of EB that leaked into the stomach of +rats in the ethanol group and the NEM group was higher than that of the control +group. Furthermore, if compared to the control, EB values in the stomachs were +significantly reduced when receiving honey before administration of ethanol in +rats. Histopathologically, the incidence and severity of gastric mucosal +congestion were significantly reduced in the honey+ethanol group when compared to +the ethanol group. These result indicate that Anzer honey is able to protect the +stomach of the rat against ethanol-induced increased vascular permeability, which +may be correlated with the ascorbic acid content. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2005.04.004 +PMID: 16325527 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1294. APMIS. 2005 Oct;113(10):713-5. + +Serous papillary adenocarcinoma and adult granulosa cell tumor in the same ovary. +An unusual case. + +Ozbey C(1), Erdogan G, Pestereli HE, Simsek T, Karaveli S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. canerozbey@hotmail.com + +Comment in + APMIS. 2007 Jun;115(6):769-71. + +Surface epithelial-stromal cell tumors are the most common neoplasms of the ovary +but occurrence of a serous adenocarcinoma and an adult granulosa cell tumor in +the same ovary is an unusual incident. In the present case report we describe +this very uncommon occurrence in the ovary of a 50-year-old woman. The patient +suffered abdominal distention and was referred to the state hospital where a 5x3 +cm multilocular cystic lesion was observed on abdominal CT. Total abdominal +hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy was performed. Microscopy +revealed an adult granulosa cell tumor and a serous papillary adenocarcinoma in +the left ovary. Immunohistochemical staining with inhibin alpha and +pancytokeratin confirmed the diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_255.x +PMID: 16309432 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1295. APMIS. 2005 Oct;113(10):664-9. + +Prevalence of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 in water distribution systems in +Izmir province of Turkey. + +Uzel A(1), Uçar F, Hameş-Kocabaş EE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Faculty of +Sciences, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey. uzel@sci.ege.edu.tr + +Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 occurrence has been investigated in 168 hot +water samples from 24 hotels, situated in 6 counties in Izmir province of Turkey, +from 15 June to 30 September of the year 2000. Sampling was carried out at 15-day +intervals and seven samples were taken from each of the hotels' hot water +reservoirs and hot water networks. The samples were (1 L) concentrated using +polycarbonate filters (mesh size 0.22 microm). Isolation was achieved using +selective medium, GVPC agar. The samples were concentrated by membrane +filtration, divided into three portions and cultured without pretreatment, after +acid treatment, and after heat treatment, on GVPC agar. One hundred and ten +isolates were identified as L.pneumophila sg 1 using the Legionella Latex Test +(Oxoid). Arbitrarily primed PCR (AP PCR) was employed to assess the clonal +relationship between Legionella pneumophila sg 1 isolates from the hot water +samples of the hotels. Three genotypes of L. pneumophila sg 1 isolates were +identified. With a high prevalence of type A, 22 hotels were found to be +colonized with L. pneumophila serogroup 1, while only 2 were free from the +bacteria. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_118.x +PMID: 16309424 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1296. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2005 Dec;9(6):327-9. + +Subscapular elastofibroma intermingled with adipose tissue: variant type of +elastofibroma or lipoma? + +Erkiliç S(1), Koçer NE, Sivrikoz C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, 27310 +Gaziantep, Turkey. serk52@yahoo.com + +Elastofibroma is a rare entity most commonly seen in subscapular region. +Elastofibrolipoma was first described by De Nictolis et al (Am J Surg Pathol. +1995;19:364-367) as a capsulated mass, composed of mature fat, abnormal elastic +fibers, and connective tissue, at the anterior mediastinum. A 57-year-old woman +with a periscapular pain and a mass at the left subscapular region was admitted +at the department of thoracic surgery. Histologic sections of the +well-circumscribed 6.5 x 5 x 3.5-cm rubbery mass revealed a collagenous stroma +containing eosinophilic globules and fragmented fibers intermixed with mature +adipose tissue surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. The elastic nature of these +eosinophilic fibers and globules was confirmed with Verhoeff's elastic stain. The +lesion was diagnosed as elastofibrolipoma, a recently recognized lesion with an +unclear origin. Here we discuss if it is a variant of elastofibroma or lipoma. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2005.04.002 +PMID: 16308162 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1297. Vet Pathol. 2005 Nov;42(6):856-8. + +Meningoencephalitis tuberculosa in a holstein cow. + +Oruç E(1). + +Author information: +(1)Veterinary Control and Research Institute, 42080, Meram, Konya, Turkey. +ertanoruc@hotmail.com + +The gross and histopathologic lesions of meningoencephalitis tuberculosa in a +4-year-old Holstein cow showing clinical signs compatible with bovine spongiform +encephalopathy are described in this report. Grossly, numerous gray to yellow, +firm and caseous nodules were seen on the ventral surfaces of the brain and in +the lateral and fourth ventricles. Histopathologically, foci of caseation and +dystrophic mineralization were surrounded by multinucleated giant cells, +epitheloid macrophages, plasma cells, lymphocytes and fibrous proliferation. +Ziehl-Neelsen stains of the lesions revealed masses of slender acid-fast bacilli +in the necrotic centers of lesions and within surrounding giant cells. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.42-6-856 +PMID: 16301587 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1298. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2005 Nov-Dec;8(6):654-7. Epub 2005 Nov 2. + +Zimmermann-Laband syndrome in an infant with an atypical histologic finding. + +Atabek ME(1), Pirgon O, Sert A, Toy H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of +Medicine, Selcuk University, 42060 Konya, Turkey. meatabek@hotmail.com + +Zimmermann-Laband syndrome is an inherited disorder that is characterized by +abnormalities of the head, face, hands, and feet. Most children with this +disorder have generalized hypertrichosis, large gingivae, and hypoplasia of the +fingernails and toenails. We report a male infant who exhibited typical features +of Zimmermann-Laband syndrome with an unusual histopathologic finding. Excised +tissue from the infant's gingivae showed papillary projections that were composed +of hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium with different amounts of +keratinization. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10024-005-0048-1 +PMID: 16267629 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1299. Hum Pathol. 2005 Nov;36(11):1172-7. + +Number and location of nucleoli and presence of apoptotic bodies in +diagnostically challenging cases of prostate adenocarcinoma on needle biopsy. + +Aydin H(1), Zhou M, Herawi M, Epstein JI. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +There is limited published data regarding the significance of the number or +position of nucleoli and the presence of apoptotic bodies in diagnostically +challenging cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate on needle biopsy material. +One hundred consecutive prostate cancers on needle biopsy were sent because of +diagnostic difficulty to an expert in urological pathology, and the remaining +normal benign prostatic glands on the same core were evaluated for the number and +location of nucleoli and for the presence of mitotic figures and apoptotic +bodies. The Gleason scores of the cases were 6 (86%), 7 (9%), and 8 to 10 (5%). +For comparison, the same parameters were evaluated in mimickers of cancer on +needle biopsy from other cases, including partial atrophy (n = 135), fully +developed atrophy (n = 89), adenosis (n = 50), prostate glands with acute +inflammation (n = 50), and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (n = +100). Findings were recorded under high dry magnification (x40) using hematoxylin +and eosin-stained sections. Although the number and position of nucleoli did not +discriminate between cancer and benign mimickers, mitotic figures and apoptotic +bodies were more commonly seen in cancer. Apoptotic bodies in particular were +seen fairly frequently (34%) in prostatic adenocarcinoma (also seen in 13% of +high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia), yet rarely in benign mimickers +on needle biopsy. Our findings indicate that the presence of apoptotic bodies +should be added to the list of histological features that are helpful in the +diagnosis of challenging cases of prostate cancer on needle biopsy. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2005.09.001 +PMID: 16260270 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1300. Pathol Res Pract. 2005;201(8-9):593-8. + +Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in untreated and androgen-deprived +patients with prostate cancer. + +Aslan G(1), Cimen S, Yorukoglu K, Tuna B, Sonmez D, Mungan U, Celebi I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. aslang@deu.edu.tr + +The aim of the study was to investigate immunohistochemically the expression of +vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in untreated and androgen-deprived +patients with prostate cancer. The study included 20 patients with prostate +cancer who had undergone transurethral prostatectomy due to infravesical +obstruction. All patients had been receiving androgen deprivation therapy for at +least 3 months. Transurethral prostatectomy specimens were examined for VEGF +expression after androgen deprivation, and the biopsy samples of the same +patients were used for the evaluation of VEGF expression before androgen +deprivation. VEGF expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Staining +patterns determined by the staining scores were compared before and after +treatment. The correlation of VEGF expression with PSA, Gleason score, and the +percent change in PSA after treatment was also investigated. Eligible biopsy +specimens were available in 15 of the 20 patients, allowing for the evaluation of +VEGF expression before treatment. All prostate cancer specimens were positive. +VEGF was localized mainly in the cytoplasm or on the membrane of carcinoma cells. +Staining was strong in 86.7% of patients before androgen deprivation. +Heterogeneous staining (strong in 25%, moderate in 35%, and weak in 40%) was +observed after treatment. Staining scores were significantly higher in patients +before androgen deprivation and showed a significant decrease after androgen +deprivation (p = 0.007). Tumor staining correlated with Gleason score. No +significant correlation was determined between VEGF expression and pre-treatment +PSA and percent change of PSA after treatment. Immunohistochemical results +indicate that VEGF expression is downregulated by androgen deprivation therapy. +VEGF may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2005.07.003 +PMID: 16259113 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1301. Folia Neuropathol. 2005;43(3):178-85. + +Meningeal solitary fibrous tumor: report of a case and literature review. + +Deniz K(1), Kontas O, Tucer B, Kurtsoy A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. +kdeniz@erciyes.edu.tr + +Solitary fibrous tumor is a rare neoplasm that most often involves the pleura. +The increasing numbers of this neoplasm have also been reported to date in +extrapleural sites. We report a case of a twenty-four-year-old female with right +frontal mass. Histologically, the tumor composed of spindle cell proliferation. +Tumor cells were found to be positive for CD34 and CD117 with immunohistochemical +studies. Ten months follow-up was uneventful. Seventy seven cases of meningeal +solitary fibrous tumor from the literature are analysed and pathological, +immunohistochemical and clinical features are discussed. Solitary fibrous tumor +has a slight female predominance, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.5. Age +distribution is similar to meningioma ranging from 7-81 years. Approximately 23% +of cases originate in the spine which is the most common meningeal location. +Histopathologic examination shows uniform spindle cell proliferation with various +amount of collagen. CD34-positivity usually allows discrimination from +schwannomas, meningiomas and hemangiopericytomas. A differential diagnosis is +important because most of the solitary fibrous tumors usually behave in a benign +fashion. In this study, we also showed CD117 (Kit) expression in a case of +meningeal SFT. CD117-positivity can be a good strategy for treatment in malignant +and recurrent cases. Further investigations are necessary for therapeutic +implication of CD117-positivity in SFT. + + +PMID: 16245214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1302. J Oral Pathol Med. 2005 Nov;34(10):618-20. + +Ameloblastic carcinoma containing melanocyte and melanin pigment in the mandible: +a case report and review of the literature. + +Uzüm N(1), Akyol G, Asal K, Köybaşioğlu A. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, Patoloji Anabilim Dali, Ankara, Turkey. +nuketuzum@yahoo.com + +A case of ameloblastic carcinoma containing melanocyte and melanin in a +66-year-old male with swelling and an ulcerating firm mass in the left +submandibular region is presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy. The +current histopathological diagnosis and management are discussed. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2005.00306.x +PMID: 16202083 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1303. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(3):182-3. Epub 2005 Sep 29. + +Unusual case of skull metastasis secondary to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. + +Aydin VM(1), Cekinmez M, Kizilkilic O, Kayaselcuk F, Sen O, Altinors N. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Neurosurgery, Baskent University, Adana 1250, Turkey. +volkan8@hotmail.com + +Skull metastasis must be kept in mind when considering the differential diagnosis +of a skull tumor. Skull metastases cause local swelling that is usually painless, +and rarely they lead to neurologic dysfunction. Despite the fact that +hematogenous skull metastases can be caused by nearly all types of tumors (lung, +prostate, thyroid carcinoma, malignant melanoma), breast cancer is associated +with the highest rate of metastatic skull lesions. We report an extremely rare +case of skull metastasis from a pancreatic adenocarcinoma, in a 65-year-old +woman, presented with painless frontoparietal scalp swelling which developed +within three months. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case +involving the skull secondary to a pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and the first case +when skull metastasis was the first evidence of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.3.0182 +PMID: 16195774 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1304. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(3):170-3. Epub 2005 Sep 29. + +Determination of apoptosis through bax expression in cryptorchid testis: an +experimental study. + +Dündar M(1), Koçak I, Culhaci N, Erol H. + +Author information: +(1)Department Urology, Medical School, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, +Turkey. medundar2002@yahoo.com + +The aim was to determine the expression of Bax in germ cells of rats with +unilateral experimental cryptorchidism, and to evaluate the role of apoptosis in +germ cell loss. Twenty-one prepubertal rats were randomly subdivided into three +groups after the execution of the left cryptorchidism model. Group 1 (n=8), group +2 (n=6) and group 3 (n=7) rats were killed at the end of the first, second and +third month, respectively. Bax expression was assessed in Sertoli cells, +spermatogonia and spermatocytes by immunohistochemistry. Percentages of Bax +expression in spermatocytes and spermatogonia were decreased in the left +testicles in the 2nd and 3rd months compared to results obtained in the 1st month +(p<0.05). Percentage of Bax expression in the left testicles of group 1, at the +level of both spermatogonia and spermatocytes was higher than that in the right +one (p<0.05). However, in groups 2 and 3, the higher Bax expression on the left +side was only seen in the spermatocytes (p<0.05). In all groups, the mean weight +of the left testicle was lower than that of the scrotal counterpart where the +difference was significant only in groups 1 and 3 (p<0.05). The weight of the +left and right testicles was increasing with time. In this model of +cryptorchidism, the affected testis had a decreased weight compared to the normal +one. Based on the increased Bax expression, we think that apoptosis may play a +role in the germ cell loss. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.3.0170 +PMID: 16195771 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1305. Neuropathology. 2005 Sep;25(3):207-13. + +Accuracy and diagnostic yield of stereotactic biopsy in the diagnosis of brain +masses: comparison of results of biopsy and resected surgical specimens. + +Aker FV(1), Hakan T, Karadereler S, Erkan M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, +Istanbul, Turkey. fugenaker@yahoo.com + +The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the diagnostic yield and +accuracy of stereotactic biopsy in patients harboring brain mass. Stereotactic +biopsy was performed in 130 patients between 1995 and 2000 in an educational and +research hospital in Turkey. The results of histological analysis were compared +to the resected specimens in 23 patients. The lesions were lobar in 62% of cases +and deep-seated in 38% of cases. During the biopsy procedures, the pathologist +was in the operating theatre and a very small fragment was used for cytological +examination. No frozen section was used in any of the cases. Samples were +diagnostic in 122 cases. The overall diagnostic yield of the procedure was 94%. A +definitive histological diagnosis was not made in eight patients. The +histological diagnoses of the two procedures were identical (complete agreement) +in 16 cases. In three cases, the histological diagnoses between the two +procedures were slightly different without impact on patient care (minor +disagreement). The diagnosis of the stereotactic biopsy was completely changed +after craniotomy in four cases (major disagreement). The accuracy of the +histological diagnosis was 83%. There was only one major complication, which +involved intracerebral hemorrhage. Despite the limited number of patients who +underwent resection, our data suggest that stereotactic biopsy of brain masses is +a safe and accurate technique that can obtain adequate tissue for histological +diagnosis, thus providing the best avaible treatment for patients. Cytological +evaluation of the streotactic biopsy also is a highly effective tool for +obtaining sufficient material during the procedure in many cases. + + +PMID: 16193837 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1306. J Cutan Pathol. 2005 Oct;32(9):629-33. + +Multiple metastatic tuberculosis abscesses in a patient with Pott disease and +lung tuberculosis: a case report. + +Saral Y(1), Coskun BK, Ozturk P, Bulut Y, Cobanoglu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey. +yunussaral@hotmail.com + +The incidence of tuberculosis in Western countries is rising, and continued +vigilance together with an awareness of its protean manifestations is essential. +Cutaneous tuberculosis is a relatively rare manifestation of the disease, +accounting for only 1% of extrapulmonary cases of tuberculosis and 0.14% of all +reported cases of tuberculosis. A 19-year-old male patient was admitted to our +clinic with skin lesions both at the front and at the back of his body. With +clinical findings, histopathology, polymerase chain reaction, PA lung graph, and +computerised tomography, the patient was diagnosed with metastatic tuberculosis +abscess associated with lung tuberculosis and Pott's disease. Antituberculosis +drugs were administered. An increased awareness of the re-emergence of cutaneous +tuberculosis will allow for the proper diagnosis and management of this +increasing common skin disorder. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00348.x +PMID: 16176301 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1307. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2005 Oct;24(4):352-4. + +Atypical endometrial stromal cells related with a polypoid leiomyoma with bizarre +nuclei: a case report. + +Usubütün A(1), Karaman N, Ayhan A, Küçükali T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. usubutun@ato.org.tr + +We presented a polypoid leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei having atypical endometrial +stromal cells adjacent to the leiomyoma. Although atypical stromal cells of the +female genital tract have been described, to our knowledge, no lesion identical +to ours has been reported thus far. These atypical cells may be mistaken for +malignant cells on histologic examination, especially in small endometrial +samples. To differentiate these kinds of atypical-featured lesions from sarcoma +is important, especially in curettage materials. The etiology and precise nature +of multinucleated giant cells and atypical stromal cells in the endometrium are +unclear. To prevent radical surgery, pathologists must be familiar with these +atypical cells in the female genital tract. + + +PMID: 16175081 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1308. Clin Neuropathol. 2005 Sep-Oct;24(5):225-9. + +Challenging diagnosis: oligodendroglioma versus extraventricular neurocytoma. + +Mut M(1), Güler-Tezel G, Lopes MB, Bilginer B, Ziyal I, Ozcan OE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University Institute of Neurological and +Psychiatric Sciences, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye Ankara, Turkey. +melikem@hacettepe.edu.tr + +Diagnosis of oligodendroglioma from other clear cell neoplasms of central nervous +system (CNS) is still challenging despite advances in neuroradiology and +molecular diagnostic tools. Herein, we present a 44-year-old male patient who had +a diagnosis of right parietal oligodendroglioma grade II in 1994 which recurred +in 2002. He presented with intratumoral hemorrhage and he underwent radical +resection of tumor in 2003. Histopathological examination of the recurrent tumor +showed anaplastic progression with confusing immunohistochemical (IHC) results; +the tumor was positive for NeuN and synaptophysin staining. The question arisen +was whether the recurrent tumor was an oligodendroglioma with neuronal +differentiation or an extraventricular neurocytoma initially misdiagnosed as +oligodendroglioma. Repeated IHC staining showed negative results for NeuN and +synaptophysin. Chromosomal analysis revealed 1p/19q deletion, which led to the +diagnosis ofanaplastic oligodendroglioma grade III. Accurate diagnosis of +oligodendroglioma is crucial due to recent advances and promises in its +treatment. Current diagnostic methods of oligodendroglial tumors are discussed in +context of differentiating oligodendrogliomas from other clear cell neoplasms of +CNS, especially from extraventricular neurocytomas. + + +PMID: 16167546 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1309. Clin Neuropathol. 2005 Sep-Oct;24(5):219-24. + +Correlation between histological grade and MIB-1 and p53 immunoreactivity in +meningiomas. + +Ozen O(1), Demirhan B, Altinörs N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. ozlemo@baskent-ank.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: Meningiomas for the most part are slow-growing benign tumors, but +complete removal can be difficult and recurrence is an issue. The aim of this +study was to re-evaluate tumors diagnosed as meningioma previously in our +hospital, according to the latest World Health Organization classification. We +also examined the relationships among parameters such as brain invasion, +histological grade and Ki-67 and p53 expression in these tumors. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Meningioma biopsy specimens numbering 60 (48 grade I, 11 +grade II, and 1 grade III tumors) were examined immunohistochemically using +monoclonal antibodies for Ki-67 (MIB-1) and p53 protein. The MIB-1 labeling index +(LI) for each tumor was calculated as a percentage based on the number of stained +cells per total cells counted. The level of p53 expression in each sample was +semiquantatively evaluated as < 1%, 1 - 10%, 10 - 70%, or > 70%. Any value > 1% +was accepted as presence of p53 expression. +RESULTS: Of the 60 meningiomas, 7 (11.7%) exhibited brain invasion. The mean +MIB-1 LI values for the grade I and grade II tumors were 1.1% and 2.3%, +respectively. The corresponding levels of p53 protein expression in these groups +were 54.1% and 72.7%. The MIB-1 LI and the level of p53 expression in the one +grade III meningioma were 6.7% and 10 - 70%, respectively. Histological grade was +significantly correlated with MIB-1 LI and with p53 expression (p < 0.01 for +both). Brain invasion was not correlated with histological grade, MIB-1 LI, or +p53 expression. +CONCLUSION: The results indicate that MIB-1 LI and p53 protein expression are +good indicators of histological grade in meningioma and may be particularly +valuable for distinguishing borderline atypical meningiomas. The number of cases +was limited, but the findings also suggest that brain invasion is a prognostic +parameter independent of grade, MIB-1 LI and p53 expression. + + +PMID: 16167545 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1310. Pathol Res Pract. 2005;201(7):497-502. + +Prognostic importance of COX-2 expression in patients with colorectal cancer. + +Yamac D(1), Celenkoglu G, Coskun U, Akyurek N, Akcali Z, Dursun A, Koybasioglu F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, +Turkey. dyamac@gazi.edu.tr + +A relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the pathogenesis +of colorectal cancer has been reported in recent studies. Moreover, it has been +indicated that COX-2 expression may have a prognostic role in colorectal cancer +patients. In this study, we investigated the prognostic significance of COX-2 +expression in 83 patients with colorectal cancer. COX-2 expression was assessed +using immunohistochemical methods and was evaluated by grading both staining +intensity and staining extension. The relationships between COX-2 expression and +clinicopathological features of the patients and patient survival were evaluated. +There was no relationships between COX-2 expression and tumor size (tm < 3 cm or +tm > or = 3 cm), tumor histopathological differentiation (poorly differentiated +or moderately + well differentiated), number of metastatic lymph nodes (< 4 or 3 +> or = 4), histopathology of the tumor, localization of the tumor (colon or +rectum), distant metastasis, and vascular invasion of the tumor. In the +multivariate analysis, COX-2 expression was not found as an independent +prognostic factor. We demonstrated that COX-2 expression was not correlated with +clinicopathological characteristics of colon carcinoma and disease outcome. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2005.04.006 +PMID: 16164044 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1311. Virchows Arch. 2005 Dec;447(6):938-46. Epub 2005 Aug 17. + +Can renal oncocytoma be differentiated from its renal mimics? The utility of +anti-mitochondrial, caveolin 1, CD63 and cytokeratin 14 antibodies in the +differential diagnosis. + +Mete O(1), Kilicaslan I, Gulluoglu MG, Uysal V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Temel Bilimler Binasi, 2.Bodrum, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. ozgurmete77@hotmail.com + +Among the epithelial renal tumours with eosinophilic cytoplasm, the main +differential diagnostic problem arises between renal oncocytomas (ROs) and +eosinophilic variants of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). We +investigated the possible role of anti-mitochondrial (AMA), anti-caveolin 1 +(CAV1), anti-CD63 (CD63) and anti-cytokeratin 14 (CK14) antibodies in the +differential diagnosis of eosinophilic epithelial tumours and applied the Muller +and Mowry modification of Hale's colloidal iron stain (HCI). Thirty-five ROs and +77 eosinophilic RCCs (27 chromophobe, 28 clear cell and 22 papillary RCCs) were +included in this study. Apical and/or polar CD63 immunostaining (94%) and diffuse +AMA (91%) and CAV1 (88%) immunostainings were the characteristics of ROs, whereas +diffuse CD63 immunostaining (96%) and diffuse-peripheral AMA (96%) and CAV1 (92%) +immunostainings were characteristic immunohistochemical features of eosinophilic +chromophobe RCCs. We showed CK14 antibody not to be useful in the differential +diagnosis of the eosinophilic epithelial renal tumours. The staining +localisations with AMA, CAV1 and CD63 antibodies were significantly different +between tumour groups. AMA had 96% sensitivity and 94% specificity, whereas CAV1 +had 92% sensitivity and 97% specificity in diagnosing chromophobe RCCs. With HCI +staining, ROs, showing apical and/or polar staining, could be differentiated from +chromophobe RCCs, showing diffuse cytoplasmic staining. HCI had fairly low (69%) +sensitivity and 100% specificity, whereas CD63 had 95% sensitivity and 100% +specificity to diagnose ROs. We recommend using CD63 as the best marker of choice +for distinguishing ROs from eosinophilic chromophobe RCCs when standard +diagnostic criteria are not helpful. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-005-0048-6 +PMID: 16133362 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1312. J Clin Pathol. 2005 Sep;58(9):939-45. + +High cystine in platelets from patients with nephropathic cystinosis: a chemical, +ultrastructural, and functional evaluation. + +Olcay L(1), Erdemli E, Kesimer M, Büyükasik Y, Okur H, Kalkanoğlu HS, Coskun T, +Altay C. + +Author information: +(1)Section of Paediatric Haematology, Ankara Oncology Hospital, Demetevler, 06200 +Ankara, Turkey. laleolcay@hotmail.com + +AIM: To investigate the morphology and function of platelets in nephropathic +cystinosis (NC). +METHODS: Seven patients (mean age, 6.5 years; SD, 20 months) with NC were +investigated. Their platelets were examined by transmission electron microscopy +(TEM) and the characteristics of the dense granules (DGs) were determined by +mepacrine labelling and the uranaffin reaction. Bleeding time, turbidometric +aggregation, and luminescence aggregation were studied and intraplatelet cystine +was measured. +RESULTS: Increased intraplatelet cystine, primary and secondary aggregation +defects, and the absence of ATP release were demonstrated. TEM revealed DGs of +various shapes and sizes and lamellary or amorphous cytoplasmic inclusions. +Viscous material had been released into the vacuolar spaces and enlarged open +canalicular system. Mepacrine labelling revealed that the numbers of DGs/platelet +were comparable between the patients and the controls (mean, 2.9 (SD, 0.22) v +3.32 (0.18); p = 0.34). The uranaffin reaction revealed that the numbers of type +1, 3, and 4 DGs were comparable between the patients and the controls, but that +there were fewer type 2 DGs in the patients (mean, 8.5 (SD, 1.95) v 17.22 (1.58); +p = 0.01). TEM for platelet aggregation revealed a lack of induction and/or +defective execution and/or delayed transmission. The patients' intraplatelet +cystine concentrations were higher than the controls (mean, 1.56 (SD, 0.84) v +0.08 (0.01) nmol/mg protein; p = 0.009). +CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to demonstrate raised intraplatelet +cystine, abnormal platelet ultrastructural findings, and defective aggregation in +NC. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2005.027177 +PMCID: PMC1770820 +PMID: 16126874 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1313. Histopathology. 2005 Sep;47(3):276-80. + +The value of alpha-SMA in the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis severity in +hepatitis B infection and cirrhosis development: a histopathological and +immunohistochemical study. + +Akpolat N(1), Yahsi S, Godekmerdan A, Yalniz M, Demirbag K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Firat, Elazig, +Turkey. nakpolat@firat.edu.tr + +AIMS: To investigate the value of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), an +indicator of stellate cell activation, in predicting fibrosis in chronic +hepatitis B (CHB) patients. +METHODS AND RESULTS: The liver biopsy specimens of 30 patients with a clinical +diagnosis of CHB were obtained before treatment and scored by Knodell's +histological activity index. The specimens were then immunohistochemically +stained with alpha-SMA and semiquantitatively evaluated. Fibrosis and the +immunoreactivity of alpha-SMA in the periportal, perisinusoidal and pericentral +areas were compared. Fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in CHB patients were +significantly correlated (P =0.022). Furthermore, the degree of alpha-SMA +expression and the scores of fibrosis (in periportal, perisinusoidal and +pericentral areas) were highly correlated (P =0.000, 0.001, 0.000, respectively). +CONCLUSIONS: In liver biopsy samples, alpha-SMA may prove to be a valuable marker +in the evaluation of stellate cell activation and fibrosis progression and an +early indicator of the development of fibrosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02226.x +PMID: 16115228 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1314. Diagn Cytopathol. 2005 Sep;33(3):176. + +Histiocytic giant cell formation showing sperm phagocytosis on papanicolaou +smear. + +Gürbüz Y(1), Ozkara SK. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20196 +PMID: 16094604 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1315. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2005 Aug;9(4):223-6. + +Pulmonary large cell carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype. + +Yilmazbayhan D(1), Ates LE, Dilege S, Gulluoglu M, Tanju S, Kalayci G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University, +Istanbul 34390, Turkey. + +Large cell carcinoma of the lung with a rhabdoid phenotype is very rare. We +present a 55-year-old man with multiple nodules in his lung. He had an emergency +operation because of abundant hemoptysis. The microscopic appearance was a large +cell carcinoma with a pure rhabdoid phenotype. There were no foci of any other +carcinomatous components. Tumor cells had abundant eosinophilic cytoplasmic +globules and eccentric nuclei and did not adhere to each other. Histochemically, +these cells were periodic acid-Schiff-negative. Immunohistochemically, vimentin +and neuron-specific enolase were positive. Epithelial membrane antigen was +focally and weakly positive, p53 was positive in 60% of tumoral cells, and Ki-67 +(MIB-1 labeling index) was 50%. The patient died of disseminated disease 2 months +after the operation. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2005.04.011 +PMID: 16084457 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1316. Pathol Res Pract. 2005;201(5):409-12. + +Malignant struma ovarii: a case report. + +Bolat F(1), Erkanli S, Kayaselcuk F, Aslan E, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana +Teaching and Medical Research Center, Adana, Turkey. drfilizbolat@yahoo.com + +Malignant struma ovarii is a rare form of the ovarian germ cell tumors. Hence, +diagnosis and management of malignant struma ovarii have not been clearly +defined. We present the case of a 34-year-old woman with papillary carcinoma +arising in struma ovarii. The malignant component of this tumor was detected +after laparoscopic removal, and a re-staging operation was performed afterwards. +There was no evidence of clinical malignancy or metastases. In this paper, +clinical features, treatment guidelines, diagnostic features, and +immunohistochemical characteristics of this tumor are reviewed. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2005.04.004 +PMID: 16047952 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1317. Pathol Res Pract. 2005;201(5):363-8. + +Aspects of oxalosis associated with aspergillosis in pathology specimens. + +Pabuççuoğlu U(1). + +Author information: +(1)School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University, +Inciralti-Izmir, Turkey. ugur.pabuccuoglu@deu.edu.tr + +Oxalosis (calcium oxalate deposition) is associated with various conditions, +including aspergillosis. Some Aspergillus species produce oxalic acid, which +reacts with blood or tissue calcium to precipitate calcium oxalate. Calcium +oxalate crystals exhibit various shapes and are strongly birefringent. These +occur in cytological specimens, as well as in tissues of patients with +Aspergillus infection. Aspergillus species are hyaline septate moulds, and they +can be accurately recognized in pathology specimens only if conidial heads +(fruiting heads) are present. When these structures are not observed, detection +of associated oxalosis in a mould infection supports the pathological diagnosis +of aspergillosis. The presence of oxalosis is helpful when microbiological +identification or immunohistological techniques for fungi are not available. +Calcium oxalate crystals can induce cellular injury by several mechanisms, and +there is increasing evidence that oxalosis-induced tissue damage may occasionally +lead to a poor clinical outcome. This review discusses the diagnostic value and +the potential clinical significance of oxalosis associated with aspergillosis. + + +PMID: 16047945 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1318. Virchows Arch. 2005 Nov;447(5):879-82. Epub 2005 Jul 14. + +Reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor involving the pelvic and abdominal cavity: a +case report and review of literature. + +Saglam EA(1), Usubütün A, Kart C, Ayhan A, Küçükali T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara, +06100, Turkey. + +There are several entities that can present with multiple nodular lesions within +the peritoneal cavity, such as "disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis," +"peritoneal fibrosis," "calcifying fibrous pseudotumor," and the recently +described lesion of "reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor of the gastrointestinal +tract and mesentery." Here we present one such lesion in a 28-year-old woman with +a history of dysmenorrhea and ergotamine use for migraine attacks. Intraoperative +exploration of our patient disclosed numerous nodules located throughout the +pelvic and abdominal peritoneum. Histopathologically, these lesions were +fibrocollagenous nodules composed of sparse wavy spindle cells within hyalinized +"keloid-like" collagen surrounded by an inflammatory infiltrate. Some of the +nodules were associated with small foci of endometriosis. We believe this lesion +is best described by the term "reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor" and that +endometriosis and the use of ergotamine derivatives may be contributing factors. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-005-0027-y +PMID: 16021510 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1319. Endocr Pathol. 2005 Spring;16(1):63-6. + +The role of cytokeratin 19 in the differential diagnosis of true papillary +carcinoma of thyroid and papillary carcinoma-like changes in Graves' disease. + +Erkiliç S(1), Koçer NE. + +Author information: +(1)Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gaziantep, +Turkey. serk52@yahoo.com + +Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease predominantly seen in females. All types +of thyroid cancers may co-exist with Graves' disease but papillary carcinoma is +the most frequent. Vesicular nuclei, nuclear grooves, and papillary formations +that may be seen in Graves' disease may lead the pathologist to an overdiagnosis +of papillary carcinoma. The differential diagnosis between a true papillary +carcinoma and foci mimicking papillary carcinoma in Graves' disease may be +challenging by light microscopic features only. This study is designed to +determine whether CK19 is effective in the discrimination between the true +papillary carcinoma of thyroid and foci resembling papillary carcinoma in Graves' +disease. Twenty-five cases with papillary carcinoma and 25 cases with Graves' +disease containing foci resembling papillary carcinoma were included in the +study. All 25 cases with papillary carcinoma stained positive with CK19, whereas +only six of 25 cases with Graves' disease showed weak staining, and the remaining +19 cases were completely negative. It is known that CK19 may show faint staining +in benign thyroid lesions such as adenomas. Staining pattern with CK19 together +with histopathological findings may be helpful in the differential diagnosis +between foci mimicking papillary carcinoma and true papillary carcinoma in +Graves' disease. + + +PMID: 16000848 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1320. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(2):121-4. Epub 2005 Jul 1. + +Histopathological evaluation of renal vascular changes in rats exposed to passive +smoking. + +Culhaci N(1), Meteoglu I, Dundar M, Kocak I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, +Aydin, 09100, Turkey. nculhaci@hotmail.com + +Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for renal damage due to its effects +on small interlobular arteries. We investigated the effects of long-term passive +smoking on renal vascular structures in healthy rats exposed to smoke soon after +birth. Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats (21 males and 21 females) exposed to passive +smoking comprised the experimental group and 33 non-exposed rats (17 males and 16 +females) comprised the control group. The number of renal vessels, as well as the +level of glomerular capillary sclerosis, hyalinosis of arterioles, and myointimal +hyperplasia of arteries was assessed in renal biopsy specimens. The mean number +of renal vessels in male and female rats exposed to passive smoke (21.71 and +13.81, respectively) did not significantly differ from the mean number of renal +vessels in male and female control rats (22.47 and 13.06, respectively) (p>0.05). +Levels of glomerulosclerosis, hyalinosis, and myointimal hyperplasia also did not +differ between the experimental and control groups (p>0.05). Histopathologic +evidence of renal vascular damage was not found in young rats exposed to passive +smoke for 4 months. A longer or higher degree of exposure to cigarette smoke +components may be required before such changes manifest, and aging and primary +renal disease may play a role. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.2.0121 +PMID: 15999158 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1321. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(2):87-91. Epub 2005 Jul 1. + +The effect of tumor invasion patterns on pathologic stage of bladder urothelial +carcinomas. + +Bircan S(1), Candir O, Kapucuoglu N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, +Isparta, Turkey. bircans2000@yahoo.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate tumor invasion pattern, its +heterogeneity and association with histopathological features and stage in +invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. We studied 62 cases of invasive +urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. World Health Organization (WHO) 1973, +WHO/ISUP 1998 and WHO 1999 systems were used for tumor grading. Pathologic +staging of each case was done according to 1997 TNM system. During evaluation of +the slides three main tumor invasion patterns were detected: "nodular", +"trabecular" and "infiltrative". In addition, homogeneity or heterogeneity of +invasion patterns was also recorded for each case. Of sixty-two invasive cases, +17 (27%) had nodular, 36 (58%) trabecular, and 9 (15%) infiltrative invasion +pattern. There was a statistically significant difference between invasion +patterns in relation to pathologic stage (pT) (p=0.001), but not to grade. Of the +17 cases with nodular invasion pattern and 36 tumors with trabecular invasion +pattern, 13 (77%) and 26 (72%) were pT1, respectively, whereas 8 of 9 +infiltrative cases (89%) were advanced stage (pT2-3). According to heterogeneity, +forty-two cases (68%) had homogeneous, while the remaining 20 (32%) had +heterogeneous invasion pattern. Of the 42 homogeneous cases 34 (81%) were pT1, +whereas 14 of 20 heterogeneous cases (70%) were advanced stage (p=0.000). The +different invasion patterns seem to have a large impact on pathologic stage, +especially the infiltrative pattern. In addition, invasion heterogeneity appears +to be of value in determination of biologic aggressiveness in urothelial +carcinoma. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.2.0087 +PMID: 15999152 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1322. Pathol Int. 2005 Aug;55(8):471-8. + +Concordant loss of fragile gene expression early in breast cancer development. + +Guler G(1), Uner A, Guler N, Han SY, Iliopoulos D, McCue P, Huebner K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Haceteppe University, Ankara, Turkey. +gguler@hacettepe.edu.tr + +The FHIT and WWOX genes encompass the FRA3B and FRA16D fragile sites at +chromosomes 3p14.2 and 16q23.3, respectively. Reduced Fhit and Wwox expression +has been reported in approximately two-thirds of invasive breast tumors. +Expression of these fragile gene products, as well as ErbB2 and p53, were +evaluated immunohistochemically in 44 pure and 31 adjacent-to-invasive ductal +carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) cases. Reduced Fhit and Wwox expression were observed in +(i) 70% and 68% of pure DCIS; (ii) 52% and 55% of DCIS adjacent-to-invasive tumor +cases; and (iii) 20% and 50% of adjacent normal tissue in pure DCIS cases. +Reduced Wwox expression in adjacent normal tissue was observed in 30% of cases in +the DCIS adjacent-to-invasive group. Reduced Fhit and Wwox expression was +observed in 61% of adjoining invasive tumors. In all normal, pure DCIS, and DCIS +adjacent-to-invasive lesions, Fhit and Wwox expression was positively associated +(P = 0.034, P = 0.042, P = 0.004, respectively) and in the invasive component +there was a positive trend toward association (P = 0.075). Fhit and Wwox were +more frequently reduced in high-grade lesions in the DCIS adjacent-to-invasive (P += 0.025, P = 0.004, respectively). In the pure DCIS group, there was a +statistically significant negative association between Fhit and ErbB2 expression +in DCIS (P = 0.035). In summary, reduced Fhit and Wwox expression in in-situ +breast cancer was associated, which may contribute to the high-grade +DCIS-invasive tumor pathway. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2005.01855.x +PMID: 15998374 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1323. Acta Cytol. 2005 May-Jun;49(3):257-61. + +Cytologic findings in pap smears with Actinomyces-like organisms. + +Demirezen S(1), Kaya D, Beksaç S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe Uni-Ankara, Turkey +versity, Ankara, Turkey. sayeste@hacettepe.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: To detect whether there is a relationship between the presence +ofActinomyces-like organisms (ALOs) and cytologic findings. +STUDY DESIGN: Papanicolaou-stained smears from 2290 women were examined +cytologically. Nineteen (0.83%) of the 2290 were diagnosed with ALOs and became +the study group. Patients without infectious agents (n=1792) were the control +group. Statistical analyses were conducted with the chi2 test using the SPSS +program (Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.). +RESULTS: The study and control groups were compared statistically. There was a +significant correlation between the presence of ALOs and other cytologic +findings, such as Trichomonas vaginalis, cocci, pseudoeosinophilia, endocervical +cells, superficial cells, lactobacilli and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (p < +0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the presence +of ALOs and metaplastic cells, parabasal cells or nuclear changes (p > 0. 05). +CONCLUSION: ALOs in cervicovaginal smears might provide a milieu for growing some +infectious agents, such as Trichomonas vaginalis and cocci. Lactobacilli were +less plentiful in these cases. Vaginal discharge and abdominal pain were also +important clinicalfindings for the detection ofALOs. Another finding was +long-term usage of intrauterine contraceptive devices, which can cause the +overgrowth of ALOs in vaginal mucosa. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326146 +PMID: 15966286 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1324. Exp Mol Pathol. 2006 Feb;80(1):72-6. Epub 2005 Jun 15. + +Circulating fragmented nucleosomal DNA and caspase-3 mRNA in patients with +lymphoma and myeloma. + +Deligezer U(1), Erten N, Akisik EE, Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Capa, +Istanbul 34390, Turkey. + +Elevated amounts of cell-free nucleic acids are detected in the circulation of +cancer patients. The type and pattern of these may vary depending on the origin. +Recently, we described the presence of circulating fragmented nucleosomal DNA. In +the present study, our aim was to investigate the association between nucleosomal +DNA, caspase-3 expression and circulating caspase-3 mRNA, the primary activator +of nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. DNA fragmentation was analyzed by gel +electrophoresis, and caspase-3 was analyzed by RT-PCR. Plasma samples from 65% of +patients were positive for nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, whereas none of the +healthy controls showed DNA fragmentation (P = 0.0004). Expression of caspase-3 +differed significantly between the cases and controls (P < 0.0001). However, we +observed no direct correlation between nucleosomal DNA fragmentation and +caspase-3 expression in lymphocytes (P = 0.145). Circulating plasma caspase-3 +mRNA was detected by nested RT-PCR, and no significant difference was observed +between the patients and the control group (P = 0.5). Our results indicate that +caspase-3 expression is increased in lymphocytes from patients. When compared to +healthy individuals, no differences were observed in the amount of circulating +mRNA. These findings suggest that nucleosomal DNA fragmentation is not correlated +with elevated levels of apoptosis and circulating caspase-3 mRNA in circulating +tumor cells. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2005.05.001 +PMID: 15961076 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1325. J Cutan Pathol. 2005 Jul;32(6):438-40. + +Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis: a case report. + +Karaçal N(1), Gülçelik N, Yildiz K, Mungan S, Kutlu N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Karadeniz Technical +University, Trabzon, Turkey. nkaracal@yahoo.com + +Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis ( JHF ) is a rare autosomal recessive disease +characterized by papulonodular skin lesions, gingival hyperplasia, joint +contractures, and bone lesions. The skin lesions may consist of multiple large +tumors, commonly on the scalp and around the neck, and small pearly, pink papules +and plaques on the trunk, chin, ears, and around the nostrils. Here, we report a +2-year-old boy with characteristic stiffness of the knees and elbows and pink +confluent papules on the paranasal folds, and periauricular and perianal regions. +He also had hard nodules all over the scalp and around the mouth, and severe +gingival hyperplasia. The lesions were totally excised and clinicopathological +diagnosis was JHF. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00341.x +PMID: 15953379 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1326. Virchows Arch. 2005 Jul;447(1):24-30. Epub 2005 Jun 10. + +Significance of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in benign and +malignant breast epithelium: an immunohistochemical study of 151 cases. + +Bulut AS(1), Erden E, Sak SD, Doruk H, Kursun N, Dincol D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. +asafakbulut@yahoo.com + +The role of calcium independent inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in breast +carcinoma is controversial, and the implications of iNOS expression on prognosis +are not known. In this study, we aimed to investigate the significance of +immunohistochemical iNOS expression in 100 invasive ductal carcinomas. In +addition, 11 normal breast tissues, 20 cases of usual ductal hyperplasias (UDHs) +and 20 fibroadenomas were included. We found that 78% of malignant and 75% of +benign cases showed iNOS immunoreactivity. However, the intensity and the +quantity of iNOS expression were significantly higher in the cancer group when +compared with benign breasts (P<0.001), suggesting a role of iNOS in breast +carcinogenesis. We were unable to show a correlation between iNOS expression and +tumor grade, axillary lymph node status, and estrogen receptor expression. In 50 +axilla negative cases having 5--12 years follow-up, disease free survival (DFS) +rate was significantly lower in cases showing strong iNOS expression (P=0.05). As +strong iNOS expression was correlated with short DFS, we concluded that further +studies would be necessary to elucidate if iNOS expression might be a useful +prognostic marker in breast carcinoma, especially in the axilla negative group. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-005-1250-2 +PMID: 15947943 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1327. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005 Jun;129(6):e151-2. + +A 55-year-old man with erythematous urticarial plaques, hepatosplenomegaly, and +bicytopenia. + +Terzi A(1), Sağlam EA, Uner AH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2005)129[e151:AYMWEU]2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 15913445 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1328. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2005 Jun;26(2):141-5. + +Homicide in Adana, Turkey: a 5-year review. + +Hilal A(1), Cekin N, Gülmen MK, Ozdemir MH, Karanfil R. + +Author information: +(1)Cukurova University School of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, +Adana, Turkey. ahilal@cu.edu.tr + +Violence is a significant public health problem. Thus, so as to prevent this +problem, homicide, the severest form of violence depriving a human being of his +right to live, deserves a detailed examination. This study is a retrospective +research examining the 2951 cases of medicolegal autopsies in Adana during a +period of 5 years (1997-2001). Among these cases, 620, which were determined to +be homicidal, were taken into the scope of this study. The cases were examined +with respect to sex, age groups, the method used during the act of homicide, the +number and the localization of the wounds on the body. A total of 620 (21%) of +the medicolegal autopsies conducted within this period were homicides. Of these +cases, 515 (83.06%) were male and 105 (16.94%) female, and the rate of the males +to females was 4.9; 72.74% of the victims were between the ages of 21 and 50. It +was seen that 54.83% of the homicides involved firearms, while 35.16% of the +victims were stabbed to death with a cutting object. It was also determined that +the victims suffered a single wound in 47.35% of firearm-related murders and +29.35% of stabbings resulted in death. Alcohol was found in the blood of 7.58% of +the homicide victims, while none had any illicit drugs. + + +PMID: 15894847 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1329. Diagn Cytopathol. 2005 Jun;32(6):367-9. + +Spontaneous infarction of a pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland: diagnostic +problems and review. + +Behzatoglu K(1), Bahadir B, Huq GE, Kaplan HH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, SSK (Social Security Institution) Istanbul Training +and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. kbehzatoglu@hotmail.com + +Although infarction of parotid gland pleomorphic adenoma (PA) following +fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has been well-documented, spontaneous infarction of +PA has remained as an uncommon entity in the literature. To our knowledge, we +report the second case of spontaneous infarction occurring in a parotid gland PA. +A 44-yr-old man presented with a 2-yr history of slowly enlarging right parotid +mass, which had become painful 1 mo before performing FNA biopsy. Smears revealed +abundant necrotic debris, atypical squamous cells, and small cells with dark +nuclei suggestive of a carcinoma. Histologic examination of the tissue fragments +demonstrated degenerated clusters of cells and chondromyxoid matrix. The +parotidectomy specimen had features consistent with those of an infarcted PA. +Although appears to be rare, spontaneous infarction of PA should be considered in +the differential diagnosis, since necrosis may mimic carcinoma and cause +misinterpretation of necrosis as an indication of malignancy, in an otherwise +benign salivary gland neoplasm. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.20268 +PMID: 15880698 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1330. Neuropathology. 2005 Jun;25(2):150-2. + +Desmoplastic non-infantile ganglioglioma. + +Onguru O(1), Celasun B, Gunhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. +onguruo@yahoo.com + +Desmoplastic ganglioglioma is a rare, markedly desmoplastic variant of +ganglioglioma that usually presents in the first year of life. It is a mixed +glial and neuronal cerebral tumor. A few cases of desmoplastic ganglioglioma have +been reported in non-infantile patients. We report a case of desmoplastic +ganglioglioma in a 14-year-old boy. The patient presented with a large solid +cystic mass with mild peritumoral edema in the right posterior parieto-occipital +region with direct contact to the falx cerebri. Histopathological examination +revealed a low-grade glial tumor with prominent desmoplasia including +hypocellular collagenous areas. The tumor was well demarcated with respect to the +surrounding brain. Ganglion cells with dysplastic features were present in the +tumor and clustered in some areas. Focal lymphocytic infiltration was also +observed. Mitotic activity was very low. Immunohistochemistry revealed glial +fibrillary acidic protein positivity in the astrocytic cells hidden in the +desmoplastic tissue. Synaptophysin and neuron specific enolase were positive in +ganglion-like neuronal cells. The MIB-1 labeling index was less than 1%. This +present case confirms that desmoplastic ganglioglioma can be present in young +adult patients with its characteristic radiologic features. + + +PMID: 15875908 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1331. APMIS. 2005 Apr;113(4):301-3. + +Ovarian ependymoma. + +Erdoğan G(1), Ozel E, Peştereli HE, Salar Z, Tirak B, Karaveli S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. + +A 76-year-old woman presented with a large calcifying mass behind the bladder. +The tumor contained solid areas of a yellowish white color. Microscopic +examination revealed highly cellular solid areas with many typical ependymal +perivascular pseudorosettes. The cells contained uniform round-to-oval nuclei, +some of which had irregular contours, clumped chromatin and occasional prominent +nucleoli. There was widespread geographic necrosis and there were 5 atypical +mitotic figures per 10 high power fields. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) +immunopositivity was observed in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Based on the +histopathologic and immunohistochemical features, the tumor was diagnosed as an +anaplastic ependymoma. This is to the best of our knowledge only the second case +of anaplastic ependymoma in the medical literature. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_10.x +PMID: 15865613 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1332. APMIS. 2005 Apr;113(4):278-83. + +In vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from patients in intensive care units +to fluconazole and amphotericin B during a 3-year period. + +Kucukates E(1), Erturan Z, Susever S, Yegenoglu Y. + +Author information: +(1)Laboratory of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Cardiology, +Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. +eates2002@yahoo.com + +Fungal infections have increased dramatically in recent years and candidemia is a +major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in intensive care units (ICUs). +Candidemia has been considered to be a nosocomial infection that is strongly +associated with neutropenia, recent surgery or presence of intravascular lines, +and previous colonization is an independent risk factor. We evaluated the in +vitro efficacy of fluconazole and amphotericin B against yeasts isolated from +various clinical specimens of colonized or infected patients treated in the ICUs +of the Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University. A total of 1397 ICU patients +were treated at the Institute of Cardiology between January 2000 and December +2002. A total of 117 yeasts isolated from 97 patients were included in this +study. These ICU patients were hospitalized for a mean of 29 days. All yeasts +were identified by conventional methods and using the API (20C AUX, ID 32C) +system (Bio Meriéux, France). Susceptibility to fluconazole and amphotericin B +was evaluated using the E-test (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden). The most commonly +isolated yeast was Candida albicans (72.6%), followed by Candida tropicalis +(16.2%), Candida kefyr, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Trichosporon +mucoides and Geotrichum spp. Fluconazole and amphotericin B MIC90 values were +0.75 microg/ml; 0.19 microg/ml and 1 microg/ml; 0.38 microg/ml for C. albicans +and C. tropicalis, respectively. All Geotrichum spp. were found to be +susceptible-dose dependent (SDD) (MIC=16-32 microg/ml) to fluconazole. Two C. +albicans, two C. tropicalis, one C. krusei and one Geotrichum spp. had a MIC +value of > or = 0.38 microg/ml for amphotericin B. The rate of colonization was +3.36% (47/1397). Only 10 (0.71%) patients out of a total of 1397 developed +candidemia during the period of the investigation. Of these, 7 (70%) were caused +by non-albicans Candida spp. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_06.x +PMID: 15865609 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1333. APMIS. 2005 Apr;113(4):256-63. + +Effect of monophosphoryl lipid A on antibody response to diphtheria toxin and its +subunits. + +Caglar K(1), Aybay C, Ataoglu H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, +Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) was evaluated for its ability to enhance the +antibody response to diphtheria toxin and its fragment A and fragment B subunits. +BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with 1 Lf of diphtheria toxoid in the +presence of 25 microg of MPL on days 0 and 14. Two weeks after the second +immunization, sera were obtained from the mice and analysed for antibody response +to diphtheria toxin and its subunits. A new ELISA method, developed in our +laboratory, was used to measure antibody levels against the toxin, fragment A, +and fragment B. It was observed that MPL significantly enhanced antibody +responses to diphtheria toxin and its subunits. However, there was no statistical +difference between anti-A and anti-B responses. The results indicated that MPL +seems to be a potential candidate as an adjuvant for future diphtheria vaccine +formulation. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_03.x +PMID: 15865606 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1334. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(1):53-6. Epub 2005 Mar 31. + +Familial cystic nephroma in two siblings with pleuropulmonary blastoma. + +Bal N(1), Kayaselçuk F, Polat A, Bolat F, Yilmaz Z, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adana Teaching and Medical Research Center, Adana +01250, Turkey. nebilbal@baskent-adn.edu.tr + +Cystic nephroma (CN) and pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) are rare tumors. In the +cases presented here, a 13-month-old boy underwent right radical nephrectomy for +CN. From the family history we learned that four years ago the patient's older +sister underwent left radical nephrectomy for CN at a different center when she +was 4 years old. A lung tumor was detected in the sister one year after +nephrectomy. Biopsy from the lung tumor revealed PPB, and the sister died within +one year after biopsy. To the knowledge of the authors, these cases represent the +second reported familial occurrence of CN and the fourth of CN and PPB. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.1.0053 +PMID: 15864358 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1335. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005 May;129(5):694-6. + +Primary breast lymphoma cytologic diagnosis. + +Vardar E(1), Ozkok G, Cetinel M, Postaci H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, SSK Izmir Teaching Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +envervardar@ttnet.net.tr + +Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast is a rare pathology, and bilateral +involvement is exceptional. We report a case of bilateral primary non-Hodgkin +lymphoma of the breast in a 40-year-old woman. Predominantly atypical lymphocytes +and rare plasma cells were found in the microscopic evaluation of the fine-needle +aspiration biopsy of the right and left breasts. Microscopic findings of the +incisional biopsy of the left breast were in accordance with non-Hodgkin diffuse +large B-cell lymphoma. The patient received systemic chemotherapy and is alive +with no evidence of recurrence for 2 years. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2005)129<0694:PBLCD>2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 15859646 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1336. Cytopathology. 2005 Feb;16(1):40-1. + +Abnormal glandular cells in cervical smear. + +Umudum H(1), Ceyhan K. + +Author information: +(1)Etimesgut Air Force Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. humudum@yahoo.com + + +PMID: 15859314 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1337. Acta Cytol. 2005 Mar-Apr;49(2):173-6. + +Oropharyngeal chordoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration: a case report. + +Köybaşioğlu F(1), Simşek GG, Onal BU, Han U, Adabağ A. + +Author information: +(1)Cytology Unit, Department of Pathology, Social Security Foundation Training +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Due to its rarity, chordoma may be difficult to differentiate from +other neoplasms with a similiar myxoid background. We describe a case of chordoma +involving the oropharynx inferiorly that was diagnosed by transoral fine needle +aspiration (FNA) cytology (FNAC) and confirmed by histologic studies. This +appears to be 1 of the few reported applications of FNA in the diagnosis of +chordoma of the oropharynx in the English-language literature. +CASE: A 50-year-old male presented with nocturnal dyspnea and rare hemoptysis for +6 months. A hypodense mass was located in the left posterior side of the +oropharynx. FNAC of the mass showed classic physaliferous cells with a bubbly +appearance and myxoid fibrillary background. The aspirate was reported as "myxoid +tumor suggestive of chordoma," as confirmed by histopathologic investigation of +the excisional biopsy. +CONCLUSION: The cytologic features of chordoma are quite characteristic, +especially on May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG)-stained slides. The cytoplasmic vacuoles +of the physaliferous cells and the mucoid matrix of the tumor become conspicuous +on MGG staining. When Papanicolaou staining is used as the only staining +procedure, the cytoplasmic vacuoles of the physaliferous cells and mucoid matrix +of chordomas may be overlooked. The differential diagnosis of myxoid tumors is of +utmost importance for therapy and prognosis. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326128 +PMID: 15839623 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1338. Acta Cytol. 2005 Mar-Apr;49(2):144-8. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of ovarian lesions. + +Uguz A(1), Ersoz C, Bolat F, Gokdemir A, Vardar MA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, +Turkey. aysunuz@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology +(FNAC) in ovarian lesions. +STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-two fine needle aspirations of varied ovarian masses were +performed between January 2000 and February 2003. Aspiration material was +obtained from fresh tissues at the time of frozen section before dissection of +the specimens. The slides were evaluated by a pathologist who was blinded to the +gross findings and histopathologic diagnosis. +RESULTS: A total of 62.9% of cases were assessed as malignant and 30.6% as +benign. Two false positive and 2 false negative cases occurred. In our series the +overall sensitivity and specificity were 95.1% and 90.4%, respectively. Seven +benign and 15 malignant lesions could be subclassified specifically. +CONCLUSION: We studied excised specimens, but since ovarian masses are reachable +by laparoscopically and ultrasonographically guided aspiration, FNAC can be used +for diagnoses of these lesions. If a multidisciplinary approach can be carried +out in patients with ovarian lesions, cytopathologic interpretation can provide +optimum benefits. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326122 +PMID: 15839617 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1339. Virchows Arch. 2005 May;446(5):546-54. Epub 2005 Apr 2. + +Interdigitating dendritic cell tumor with breast and cervical lymph-node +involvement: a case report and review of the literature. + +Uluoğlu O(1), Akyürek N, Uner A, Coşkun U, Ozdemir A, Gökçora N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. + +Interdigitating dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is an extremely rare malignancy. It +occurs primarily in lymph nodes, but extranodal involvement has also been +reported. A 38-year-old woman with IDCT with breast and cervical lymph-node +involvement is reported in this paper. To our knowledge, this is the first case +of IDCT originating from the breast. In the breast and lymph node, the tumor +displayed diffuse sheets, fascicles and storiform growth pattern. It was composed +of oval to spindle cells with pale to eosinophilic cytoplasm, ill-defined cell +outlines, oval nuclei with vesicular chromatin and prominent eosinophilic +nucleoli. Mitotic activity was three per ten high-power fields. The neoplastic +cells were intermingled with small mature lymphocytes and plasma cells. +Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor cells were strongly and +diffusely positive for vimentin, CD68, S-100 protein, CD45/leukocyte common +antigen and fascin and focally positive for lysozyme, alpha-1 antitrypsin and +CD4. Ki-67 labeling index was 10%. The patient was treated with combined +therapeutic approaches, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. IDCT +has the potential for an aggressive clinical course. However, 32 months after the +initial diagnosis, the patient is still alive and being followed with a stable +tumor burden. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-005-1209-3 +PMID: 15806378 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1340. Clin Neuropathol. 2005 Mar-Apr;24(2):86-90. + +Cerebral fat embolism: pulmonary contusion is a more important etiology than long +bone fractures. + +Aydin MD(1), Akçay F, Aydin N, Gündogdu C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, +Turkey. nmda21@hotmail.com + +Lipid embolism is a serious and life-threatening problem and usually arises as a +complication of severe trauma associated with long bone or pelvic fractures. It +is generally thought that fat droplets enter the circulation at the site of +fracture. In the systemic circulation, they become emboli to brain, kidney and +other areas. Lipids are absorbed from the intestinal tract and transported into +pulmonary tissue via thoracic duct and exposed to first catabolic procedures in +the lungs. We have predicted that systemic lipid embolism may not occur unless +bone fractures lead to pulmonary injury. This study was planned to investigate +this hypothesis with respect to the role of pulmonary contusion and long bone +fractures in the formation of cerebral fat embolism. Twenty male hybrid rabbits +were included in this study. Pulmonary contusion was performed on half of the +rabbits (n = 10) and femur fracture was applied to the remaining ones (n = 10). +Ten days after procedure, all rabbits were sacrificed. Brain specimens were taken +by frozen-section method and stained with Sudan black. Intraarteriolar lipid +particles in the brain were examined microscopically. Cerebral fat embolism was +detected in seven animals exposed to pulmonary contusion and only in one animal +exposed to femur fracture. The mean number of branches of middle cerebral artery +at midparietal level occluded with fat particles were higher in the pulmonary +contusion group than in the long bone fracture group. In conclusion, we found +that pulmonary contusion had more deleterious effects than long bone fracture in +the formation of cerebral fat embolism. + + +PMID: 15803808 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1341. Clin Neuropathol. 2005 Mar-Apr;24(2):51-5. + +Lumbosacral neurenteric cyst with associated tethered cord in an adult. + +Bakaris S(1), Senoglu M, Yuksel Z, Gokce M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, KSU School of Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +sevgiba@superonline.com + +Spinal neurenteric cysts are rare congenital lesions of endodermal origin that +lead to spinal cord compression or tethering. These cysts are usually lined by +mucus-secreting epithelium resembling that of the gastrointestinal tract. A +31-year-old man presented with low back and bilateral limb pain of three-year +duration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an intradural extramedullary +heterogeneous mass lesion at L4 - L5 disc level causing severe compression and +displacement of terminal portion of conus medullaris to the left side. +Additionally, tethered cord, syringohydromyelia and spina bifida were present. He +had also polysyndactyly on the left foot. The patient underwent laminoplasty and +partial excision of the lesion through a posterior approach. Neurosurgical +exploration revealed a large intradural, extramedullary solid lesion with cystic +component, compressing the spinal cord. Histopathology confirmed a neurenteric +cyst with mucin-producing cuboidal or columnar epithelium lining the cystic +cavity. Clinical suspicion is important for an early diagnosis, and their early +preplanned surgical removal should be the goal of treatment, which leads to a +better outcome. This case is reported in view of rare congenital abnormality in +an adult with peculiar presentation. + + +PMID: 15803803 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1342. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2005 Jan-Feb;8(1):92-7. Epub 2004 Dec 6. + +Testicular mixed germ cell tumor with polyembryoma component in brothers. + +Bakaris S(1), Resim S, Tunali N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kahramanmaras Sutcuimam University Medical School, +46050 Kahramanmaras, Turkey. sevgiba@superonline.com + +We report the case of a 17-year-old male with a testicular tumor and high serum +levels of alpha-fetoprotein. The patient was treated with surgery followed by +combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin. Histologic +examination showed features of a mixed germ cell tumor composed of mature +teratoma, immature teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, and +polyembryoma. He is currently well, and his serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein +have been normal more than 5 months after treatment. His brother, aged 17 years +at the time, had a similar tumor removed from the right testicle 5 years +previously. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10024-004-2123-4 +PMID: 15803215 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1343. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2005 Jul;66(1):36-9. + +NOR expression increases on metaphase chromosomes of Down syndrome lymphocytes in +concordance with mitogen concentration in culture medium. + +Imamoglu N(1), Demirtas H, Donmez-Altuntas H, Hamurcu Z, Ilten A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, +Turkey. demtas@erciyes.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Regulation of nucleolus organizer region (NOR) expression in trisomy +21 (Down syndrome [DS]) cells is not fully explained. This work compared NOR +expression on metaphase chromosomes in gradiently stimulated lymphocytes from DS +patients with those from healthy controls. +METHOD: Conventional peripheral blood culture (72 h) and chromosomal preparation +procedures were used except that blood samples from each individual were +cultivated in the same but gradiently increasing concentrations (0.37, 0.75, +1.48, and 2.21 ml) of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) per 100 ml of medium. One hundred +consecutive metaphases per concentration were analyzed for scoring the means of +the active NORs bearing chromosomes (AgNOR+ chromosome) per individual and per +concentration. +RESULTS: In contrast to healthy controls (n=24), AgNOR+ chromosomal number in +lymphocytes from 30 DS patients increased in concordance to the gradient of PHA +concentration in the culture medium. +CONCLUSION: DS lymphocytes do not downregulate their NOR expression in the limit +of control cells. This in vitro result may serve as a clue for the explanation of +the DS phenotype due to the wasted energy in producing unnecessary rRNA +transcripts and AgNOR proteins in utero during organogenesis. These results also +indicate that precautions must be used in routine work of NOR +evaluation/interpretation in DS lymphocytes. + +Copyright (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20050 +PMID: 15800881 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1344. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(1):32-9. Epub 2005 Mar 31. + +Immunohistochemical analysis of c-myc, c-jun and estrogen receptor in normal, +hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. + +Bircan S(1), Ensari A, Ozturk S, Erdogan N, Dundar I, Ortac F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, +Turkey. bircans2000@yahoo.com + +To evaluate the role of c-jun and c-myc proto-oncogenes in normal, hyperplastic +and neoplastic endometrium in relation to estrogen receptor (ER) status and to +investigate whether these genes can be related to other histopathological +features of endometrial carcinoma, 32 endometrial carcinomas, 38 endometrial +hyperplasias and 22 cyclic endometria (10 proliferative and 12 secretory) were +evaluated histologically. Endometrial hyperplasia cases were classified as simple +and complex hyperplasia without atypia, and atypical hyperplasia. Endometrial +carcinoma cases were subtyped according to the International Society of +Gynecological Pathologists. Modified FIGO system was used for both grading and +staging. Immunohistochemical examination was performed using antibodies to +ER-alpha, c-myc and c-jun with streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. The mean +percentage of ER-alpha positive cells changed cyclically during the menstrual +cycle, and it was the highest (96%) and the lowest (31.6%) in proliferative and +carcinomatous endometrium, respectively. There was a statistically significant +difference between proliferative and secretory phases and proliferative and +carcinomatous endometrium in relation to ER-alpha staining (p<0.05). There was +also a statistically significant difference with respect to ERalpha reactivity +between secretory phase and each hyperplastic group, as well as between the +carcinoma group and each hyperplastic group (p<0.05). Although not significant, +the mean percentage of c-myc expressing cells in the carcinoma group was higher +(15.3%) than that of proliferative phase and hyperplastic groups. The mean +percentage of c-jun positive cells in proliferative endometrium was slightly +higher than in secretory endometrium, and it was the highest in atypical +hyperplastic endometrium (28.3%), but there was no statistically significant +difference between the groups. In carcinoma cases, a positive correlation was +observed between c-jun positivity and tumor grade (p=0.027, r=0.3908), but such a +correlation with c-myc was not found. A positive correlation was detected between +ER-alpha and c-myc expression (p=0.038, r=0.3686). A progressive loss of ER seems +to be correlated with increasing malignant transformation. C-myc expression might +play a role in the development of endometrial carcinoma via ER. The association +between c-jun and ER appears to be lost in endometrial carcinoma. The +relationship between c-myc, c-jun and ER appears to be altered in endometrial +carcinoma compared to that of menstrual endometrium. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.1.0032 +PMID: 15800680 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1345. Pathol Oncol Res. 2005;11(1):22-5. Epub 2005 Mar 31. + +Polymorphisms of the XRCC1 DNA repair gene in head and neck cancer. + +Demokan S(1), Demir D, Suoglu Y, Kiyak E, Akar U, Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Oncology Institute, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul +34390, Turkey. + +Inherited polymorphisms in the genes controlling the cell cycle or functioning in +the DNA repair mechanisms may impair their function and contribute to genetic +susceptibility. Abnormalities in the DNA repair have been reported in head and +neck cancer. The XRCC1 gene functions in singlestrand break and base excision +repair processes. In this study, two polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene, Arg194Trp +and Arg399Gln were investigated in 95 patients with head and neck carcinoma. The +polymorphic regions were amplified by PCR followed by digestion with +methylation-specific restriction enzymes, and analyzed electrophoretically. +Genotype and allele frequencies were calculated, and association with cancer risk +or clinical parameters was investigated. No association was observed between the +genotypes and head and neck cancer for either polymorphism. Distribution of the +alleles did not significantly differ between the patients and the control group. +A significant association was only found for the Trp194 allele among the smoking +individuals. Our data indicate that the Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorphisms do +not confer a significant risk for head and neck carcinogenesis. + +DOI: PAOR.2005.11.1.0022 +PMID: 15800678 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1346. APMIS. 2005 Mar;113(3):167-74. + +Complement activation in acute coronary syndromes. + +Iltumur K(1), Karabulut A, Toprak G, Toprak N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, 21280 +Diyarbakýr, Turkey. kencan@cicle.edu.tr + +The complement system is part of the host defence response. However, considerable +evidence suggests that complement plays an important role in the pathophysiology +of ischemic heart disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate complement +activation in patients with all forms of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and to +examine the relationship between the degree of complement activation and +myocardial injury. The study population included 152 subjects (26 females): 82 +with ACS (35 acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 22 non-Q wave MI (NQMI), 25 +unstable angina (UAP)) (Group A), 35 stable angina (SA) (Group B), and 35 healty +control subjects (Group C). Complement 3 (C3), Complement 4 (C4), C-reactive +protein (CRP), troponin I (TnI) as well as creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) were +evaluated. Patients' blood samples were taken on admission (day 1) and after 2, 3 +and 7 days in group A. However, only one measurement was performed in the groups +B and C. Plasma C3 and C4 peak levels were significantly higher in patients with +AMI (141+/-29 and 35+/-11 mg/dl) and NQMI (136+/-13 and 35+/-7 mg/dl) than in +patients with SA (128+/-14 and 27+/-10 mg/dl) and the control subjects (114+/-22 +and 22+/-7 mg/dl) (p<0.03). Also, C3 and C4 serum levels in patients with SA and +UAP (126+/-16 and 31+/-7 mg/dl) were significantly higher than those in control +subjects (p<0.01, p<0.03, respectively). At 1-week follow-up, there were no +significant differences between the plasma levels of C3 and C4 in patients with +UAP (p>0.05). However, plasma levels of C3 and C4 were significantly different +between days in patients with AMI and NQMI (p<0.0001). Plasma C3 and C4 levels in +ACS showed a relationship with peak CK-MB and Tn I levels (p<0.01). Plasma CRP +level in ACS showed positive correlation with C3 (p<0.01) and C4 (p<0.001). In +this study, we determined that plasma C3 and C4 levels were elevated in ACS and +SA. Although C3 and C4 were higher in ACS and SA, the systemic levels of +inflammatory markers in patients with SA and UAP were lower than those found in +the AMI and NQMI groups. The relationship between C3, C4 levels and ACS further +suggests that the complement activation is related to necrosis within the +myocardium. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm1130303.x +PMID: 15799759 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1347. APMIS. 2005 Mar;113(3):162-6. + +The value of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) immunoreactivity in +diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. + +Akkaya H(1), Dogan O, Agan M, Dincol G. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Baskent University, Medical Faculty, Alanya Medical +Center, 07400 Alanya-Antalya, Turkey. hamparsum@superonline.com + +Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder +characterized by splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and circulating atypical lymphocytes +with circumferential cytoplasmic projections. We investigated the specificity and +the sensitivity of anti-TRAP antibody immunoreactivity in 57 cases of HCL. We +found that there is a statistically highly significant difference between TRAP +immunoreactivities of the study and the control groups, and HCL can be diagnosed +by TRAP immunoreactivity in bone marrow trephine biopsy materials with a +specificity of 98.27 % and a sensitivity of 100%. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm1130302.x +PMID: 15799758 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1348. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2005 May;65(1):22-8. + +Contribution of morphometry in the differential diagnosis of fine-needle thyroid +aspirates. + +Karslioğlu Y(1), Celasun B, Günhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and Medical Faculty, +Ankara, Turkey. ykarslioglu@superonline.com + +BACKGROUND: Cytologic discrimination of cellular nodules, follicular adenoma, and +follicular carcinoma in the thyroid is problematic. Methods are needed to achieve +a reliable diagnosis. Some sophisticated tools, such as microarrays, offer great +potential but lack accompanying morphologic information. +METHODS: One hundred twelve samples obtained from patients with lesions +histopathologically diagnosed as nodular goiter, follicular adenoma, follicular +carcinoma, and papillary carcinoma were used. Eight geometric features, such as +nuclear area and circular form factor, were measured. The dataset was divided +into six overlapping groups to represent the frequently encountered situations in +routine practice. Multivariate analysis of variance, Tukey's honestly significant +differences test, and discriminant analysis were performed. Statistical analysis +was carried out with two conceptually different approaches. In the first, data +from all measured nuclei were used. In the second, a subset of data representing +the most extreme values of variables was extracted from the entire dataset to +simulate the "selection procedure" performed during conventional morphologic +examination. +RESULTS: When the selected dataset instead of data from all measured nuclei was +used, the correct classification rates in discriminant analysis improved +considerably. +CONCLUSIONS: Morphologic examination is based primarily on selection. Using data +obtained from all of the cells in morphometry may cause a dilution effect in +diagnostically important features. Morphometric studies may also be planned with +a proper selection "bias." This may be particularly helpful when isolated +abnormal cells carry most of the diagnostic information. + +Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20024 +PMID: 15779051 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1349. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2004 Sep-Dec;28(5-6):361-3. + +Secretory breast carcinoma with extensive intraductal component: case report. + +Celik A(1), Kutun S, Pak I, Seki A, Cetin A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery, Ankara Oncology Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. +doktoralper@hotmail.com + +Secretory breast carcinoma is a rare entity. It was first reported in pediatric +patients in 1966, and was named juvenile breast carcinoma. Incidences of +pediatric and adult patients are similar. Prognosis is favorable in both groups, +but distant metastases have been reported. The authors describe a case of +secretory breast carcinoma with extensive intraductal component. + +DOI: 10.1080/019131290882367 +PMID: 15764584 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1350. Virchows Arch. 2005 Apr;446(4):463-6. Epub 2005 Mar 3. + +An unusual presentation of Helicobacter pylori infection: so-called "Russell body +gastritis". + +Ensari A(1), Savas B, Okcu Heper A, Kuzu I, Idilman R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey. +aensari@ato.org.tr + +Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a "slow" bacterial pathogen, which induces +several gastroduodenal diseases. Varying degrees of inflammation can be present +in the gastric mucosa of patients infected with H. pylori. The case presented +here is a male patient suffering from dyspepsia and nausea. His upper +gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed pan gastritis. Histological examination of +multiple gastric biopsies taken from the body and antrum showed a rare +morphological expression of H. pylori gastritis characterized by diffuse plasma +cell infiltration with extensive Russell body formation. Diffuse infiltration of +plasma cells with Russell bodies in gastric mucosa can cause difficulties in +differentiation from neoplastic processes. However, immunohistochemically, the +infiltrating cells in the gastric mucosa stained negatively with cytokeratins +while they expressed both kappa and lambda light chains showing their polyclonal +nature. The presence of diffuse plasma cells with Russell bodies in the gastric +mucosa may represent a different presentation of H. pylori gastritis. There are +only two case reports of similar presentation and both have been called "Russell +body gastritis". + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-005-1215-5 +PMID: 15744498 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1351. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2005 Mar;26(1):18-23. + +Prevalence of Demodex in health personnel working in the autopsy room. + +Ozdemir MH(1), Aksoy U, Sönmez E, Akisu C, Yorulmaz C, Hilal A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, +Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. hakan.ozdemir@deu.tr + +The health personnel working in the autopsy rooms and laboratories are considered +among the professional groups carrying a high risk of contamination with +infection. In this study, we have investigated the prevalence of Demodex, which +provides a convenient environment for bacteria and acts as a vector for certain +microorganisms, in the health personnel working in autopsy rooms. The study, +which was cross-sectional, was conducted on 58 health personnel working in +autopsy rooms. A questionnaire was administered to the individuals. Specimens +were obtained from 4 different regions of the face using the standard +skin-surface biopsy technique. The data obtained were then evaluated +statistically. This study group consisted of 76% males and 24% females. The +prevalence of Demodex was 26%. Demodex was found to occur more frequently in +women. The most frequent occurrence of Demodex was seen among people with darker +complexion and in cheek localizations. We believe that Demodex, which has a role +in the pathogenesis of dermatologic diseases, provides a convenient environment +for bacteria, and acts as a vector for some pathogenic microorganisms, poses a +risk as far as individuals working in the autopsy room are concerned. + + +PMID: 15725772 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1352. APMIS. 2005 Feb;113(2):145-7. + +Primary leiomyoma of the ovary co-existing with serous cystadenofibroma. + +Eren F(1), Akpulat S, Gokaslan H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. +fyeren@superonline.com + +A 48-year-old woman with a 14 cm left ovarian mass had total abdominal +hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. On cut section the tumor had a +solid and a cystic component. There was a 2.5 cm nodule attached to the cyst +wall. Sections taken from the solid component revealed a tumor composed of +interlacing bundles of fusiform cells, resembling a leiomyoma. Smooth muscle +actin positivity confirmed the diagnosis. Sections taken from the nodule in the +cystic part revealed an adenofibroma. There was an SMA positive area in the cyst +wall which we think is the possible origin of the leiomyoma. As far as we know, +this is the first case of a co-existing leiomyoma and serous cystadenofibroma in +the ovary, and we think it will broaden the histological spectrum of primary +ovarian leiomyomas. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm1130209.x +PMID: 15723690 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1353. Acta Cytol. 2005 Jan-Feb;49(1):38-42. + +Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the preoperative presumptive diagnosis +of ameloblastoma. + +Uçok O(1), Doğan N, Uçok C, Günhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, +Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) on the +preoperative presumptive diagnosis of ameloblastoma. +STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-three patients, diagnosed preoperatively and postoperatively +with ameloblastoma, were evaluated between 1990 and 2003. The patients were +classified according to whether they were diagnosed with ameloblastoma +preoperatively or postoperatively, on histologic examination. +RESULTS: The accuracy rate for ameloblastoma was 0.95% for all biopsy methods, +while the incisional biopsy rate was 75.00%. Concerning clinical diagnosis, +ameloblastoma was mistaken mostly (56.41%) for odontogenic cysts (22 of 39). +CONCLUSION: FNAC should be utilized more commonly on intraosseous and soft tissue +lesions in the oral and maxillofacial regions, to obtain sufficient material. It +is convenient, inexpensive and noninvasive as compared with other biopsy methods. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326093 +PMID: 15717753 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1354. Acta Cytol. 2005 Jan-Feb;49(1):1-6. + +Impression cytology changes and corneoconjunctival calcification in patients with +chronic renal failure. + +Bakaris S(1), Ozdemir M, Isik IO, Buyukbese MA, Ozdemir G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam +University, Kahramanmaras State Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +sevgiba@superonline.com + +OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between corneoconjunctival calcification +and conjunctival squamous metaplasia in patients with chronic renal failure +(CRP). +STUDY DESIGN: We studied impression cytology in 45 CRF patients on regular +hemodialysis and 30 age- and sex-matched controls. Specimens were obtainedfrom +the temporal bulbar conjunctiva using cellulose acetate filter paper. The samples +were fixed in a mixture of 70% ethyl alcohol, 37% formaldehyde and glacial acetic +acid and then stained with a combination of periodic acid- Schiff and Gill's +modified Papanicolaou stain and graded by a masked observer. Corneoconjunctival +calcification was graded by the Porter-Crombie classification. +RESULTS: Of 45 study patients, 4 (9%) disclosed grade 0, 23 (51%) grade 1, 14 +(31%) grade 2 and 4 grade 3 (9%) impression cytology changes. There was a +statistically significant difference between the patient and control groups (p < +0.001). Calcium deposits were more frequent and extensive in CRF patients than in +controls (p = 0.01). There was no correlation between impression cytology and +calcium deposit grades (p = 0.128). However the presence of conjunctival +inflammation correlated with the existence of extensive squamous metaplasia (p < +0.001). +CONCLUSION: The severity of conjunctival changes in CRF patients on regular +hemodialysis are not related to calcium deposition but to acute conjunctival +inflammation. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326108 +PMID: 15717746 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1355. Pathol Biol (Paris). 2005 Mar;53(2):88-91. + +Some ocular symptoms and sensations experienced by long term users of mobile +phones. + +Balik HH(1), Turgut-Balik D, Balikci K, Ozcan IC. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Firat, +Elazig, Turkey. + +In this study, a survey was conducted to investigate the possible effects of long +term usage of mobile phone (MP) on eyes. The studied symptoms are blurring of +vision, redness on the eyes, vision disturbance, secretion of the eyes, +inflammation in the eyes and lacrimation of the eyes. There is no effect on +redness on the eyes and vision disturbance, but some statistical evidences are +found that MP may cause blurring of vision, secretion of the eyes, inflammation +in the eyes and lacrimation of the eyes. These results suggest an awareness of +the symptoms and sensations. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2004.03.012 +PMID: 15708652 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1356. J Cutan Pathol. 2005 Mar;32(3):235-9. + +Juvenile non-hyaline fibromatosis: juvenile hyaline fibromatosis without +prominent hyaline changes. + +Anadolu RY(1), Oskay T, Ozsoy N, Erdem C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +ranaanadolu@hotmail.com + +Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is a rare autosomal recessive disease of the +connective tissue. It is characterized by papulonodular skin lesions, soft tissue +masses, gingival hypertrophy, osteolytic bone lesions and flexion contractures of +the large joints. Here, we report a 14-year-old girl with characteristic clinical +features of JHF with early fatal outcome. Dermatopathologic examination of the +early lesions however constantly lacked the so-called hyalin changes in multiple +skin biopsies. According to our experience; dermatopathological features of this +entity is not often and always consists of classical hyalinisation. Only larger +lesions with long duration should expected to be exhibiting those features. +Therefore we suggest that; JHF may often present itself as Juvenile Non-Hyaline +Fibromatosis: JHF without prominent hyaline changes. And thus this fact should +not change the actual diagnosis and prognostic implications. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00275.x +PMID: 15701086 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1357. Clin Neuropathol. 2005 Jan-Feb;24(1):48-50. + +Giant axonal neuropathy in two siblings: clinical histopathological findings. + +Hergüner MO(1), Zorludemir S, Altunbasak S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, +Adana, Turkey. oherguner@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: Giant axonal neuropathy is a rare, severe autosomal-recessive +neurologic disease affecting both the peripheral and the central nervous system. +In this article, we describe a detailed clinicopathological report of two +affected sibs from a consanguineous Turkish family. +PATIENTS: The index patient was a 6.5-year-old girl. Her intellectual development +was normal. At the age of 3, her parents noticed progressive lack of balance and +deterioration of motor skills. On examination, she had paresis and sensory loss +more marked distally. Her mental status was normal. Her older brother had similar +findings. +RESULTS: Electrophysiological studies of young patients showed decreased median +and ulnar nerve conduction velocities, absent peroneal motor potential, absent +sensory nerve potentials and an EMG suggesting a neurogenic pattern. MRI showed +mild cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. The nerve biopsy showed moderate myelinated +nerve fibres loss, several regenerative clusters and multiple giant axons. Focal +demyelination, hypertrophic "onion pulp" changes and endoneural fibrosis were +also seen. Immunohistochemically, neurofilament protein accumulation was +detectable in giant axons. +CONCLUSIONS: This consanguineous family with two affected siblings and healthy +parents complies with autosomal-recessive inheritance in GAN. In the majority of +reported GAN cases, CNS involvement is described early in the course of the +disease, but these patients did not present any sign of CNS involvement. GAN is a +rare genetic disease of childhood involving the central and peripheral nervous +systems. The diagnosis is easy with clinical, electrophysiological, and +histopathological features, if it has been done. Early diagnosis is important, +because of possible prenatal diagnosis. + + +PMID: 15696785 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1358. APMIS. 2005 Jan;113(1):66-9. + +Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (inflammatory pseudotumor) of the breast. + +Ilvan S(1), Celik V, Paksoy M, Cetinaslan I, Calay Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the lung has often been reported but +extrapulmonary cases are rare. Here we describe a case of inflammatory +myofibroblastic tumor of the breast in a 60-year-old woman. This is only the +eleventh case reported in the English language literature. The patient was free +of disease 85 months after surgery. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm1130110.x +PMID: 15676017 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1359. Dis Markers. 2004;20(6):313-5. + +Mutation rate at commonly used forensic STR loci: paternity testing experience. + +Aşicioglu F(1), Oguz-Savran F, Ozbek U. + +Author information: +(1)The Council of Forensic Medicine, Cerrahpaşa, 34300, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Paternity tests are carried out by the analysis of hypervariable short tandem +repeat DNA loci. These microsatellite sequences mutate at a higher rate than that +of bulk DNA. The occurrence of germline mutations at STR loci posses problems in +interpretation of resulting genetic profiles. We recently analyzed 59-159 +parent/child allele transfers at 13 microsatellite loci. We identified 12 +mutations in 7 microsatellite loci. No mutations were occurred in other 6 loci. +The highest mutation rate was observed with 5 mutations at D8S1179 locus at +different alleles. The event was always single repeat related. The mutation rate +was between 0 and 1.5 x 10(-2) per locus per gamete per generation. The mutation +event is very crucial for forensic DNA testing and accumulation of STR mutation +data is extremely important for genetic profile interpretation. + + +PMCID: PMC3839336 +PMID: 15665391 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1360. Dis Markers. 2004;20(6):309-12. + +HLA B-27 subtypes in Turkish patients with spondyloarthropathy and healthy +controls. + +Oguz FS(1), Ocal L, Diler AS, Ozkul H, Asicioglu F, Kasapoglu E, Bozkurt G, +Konice M, Carin M. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology +Istanbul, Turkey. oguzsf@usa.net + +The frequency and the distribution of HLA-B27 subtypes in spondylarthropathy +(SpA) patients and controls were investigated in a sample Turkish population. B27 +subtyping was performed by PCR-SSP method in two groups: 49 unrelated HLA-B27 +positive Turkish patients with the diagnosis of SpA according to the European +Spondyloarthropathy Study Group Criteria, and 55 HLA-B27 positive healthy +controls. The frequency of HLA-B*27 was 2.6% in the Turkish population, and +B*2705 was the predominant allele among patients with SpA. The difference was +mainly between male patients and male controls The proportion of B*2705 among +B27-positive patients and controls was significantly different (P=0.02). Our +study supports other reports from different populations which showed that B*2705 +and B*2702 were more frequent in Caucasian patients with SpA. + + +PMCID: PMC3839277 +PMID: 15665390 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1361. J Clin Pathol. 2005 Jan;58(1):87-9. + +Coexistence of lactating adenoma and invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast +in a pregnant woman. + +Saglam A(1), Can B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara, +06100, Turkey. eminearzusaglam@yahoo.com + +A 36 year old pregnant woman was admitted to hospital complaining of an enlarging +mass in her left breast. Histopathological examination of the mastectomy specimen +revealed a high grade infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma intermixed with a +lactating adenoma. Lactating adenomas are rare entities but are the most common +masses that occur during pregnancy. Although they are not thought to carry an +increased risk of cancer there are two other case reports in the literature of a +lactating adenoma associated with an infiltrating carcinoma. In this case, areas +where the lactating adenoma and the infiltrating carcinoma were intermixed could +be identified. This case could simply be a collision tumour, although the +possibility of an invasive carcinoma arising within a lactating adenoma cannot be +ruled out. Because of the relative lack of experience with lactating adenomas, +the question of an increased association with carcinoma development remains +unclear. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2004.018275 +PMCID: PMC1770558 +PMID: 15623491 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1362. J Clin Pathol. 2005 Jan;58(1):32-8. + +Desmoplasia measured by computer assisted image analysis: an independent +prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma. + +Sis B(1), Sarioglu S, Sokmen S, Sakar M, Kupelioglu A, Fuzun M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Inciralti, +Izmir 35340, Turkey. + +AIMS: The assessment of desmoplasia by traditional semiquantitative methods does +not provide reliable prognostic data. The aim of this study was to quantify +desmoplasia by computerised image analysis in primary colorectal carcinomas and +to investigate its ability to predict overall survival. +METHODS: In total, 112 colorectal adenocarcinomas, with a median follow up of 66 +months, were studied. The representative tumour sections were stained by the van +Gieson method, which stains collagen rich stroma red. For quantitative +histochemical measurement, digital images were analysed by a computerised image +analysis program to calculate the percentage of red stained tissue area. The +percentage of desmoplasia (PD) was related to conventional clinicopathological +prognostic factors and overall survival. +RESULTS: The mean (SD) PD was 4.85 (3.37). PD was found to be significantly +associated with lymph vessel and venous invasion. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, PD +was associated with survival-patients with PD > 4 had a shorter survival than +those with PD 0.05). +CONCLUSION: Azithromycin was observed to be effective in decreasing folliculitic +lesions and fastening the healing time of oral ulcers in BD. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00265.x +PMID: 15610401 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1368. J Oral Pathol Med. 2005 Jan;34(1):7-12. + +The levels of plasma and salivary antioxidants in the patient with recurrent +aphthous stomatitis. + +Karincaoglu Y(1), Batcioglu K, Erdem T, Esrefoglu M, Genc M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal +Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey. ykarincaoglu@inonu.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Despite plenty of research, the cause of recurrent aphthous +stomatitis (RAS) remains obscure. It has been proposed that, the aetiological +factors such as local trauma, smoking, vitamin deficiencies and viral infections +lead to aphthae formation via final common pathway based on increased oxidative +stress. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme +superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) +alterations in plasma and saliva, and in addition uric acid (UA) in saliva, in +patients with RAS and healthy controls. +METHODS: Thirty-two patients with RAS and 30 healthy controls were included into +the study. The SOD, CAT, GSHPx and UA levels were measured in plasma and saliva +in study and control groups. +RESULTS: In the RAS group, although the mean SOD (P<0.001) and CAT (P<0.05) +levels of plasma were lower, GSHPx (P<0.001) levels were higher than control +group. The salivary concentrations of the SOD (P<0.001), CAT (P<0.05) and GSHPx +(P<0.001) in RAS group were entirely opposite to plasma concentrations. UA were +not significant between RAS group and controls. +CONCLUSION: Since we found salivary SOD and CAT levels were high whereas plasma +levels were low, it has been thought that, salivary defence mechanisms via +antioxidant agents may be stimulated against to the ulcerous lesion. We consider +that the organism might mobilize the antioxidant potential to the sites where +they were needed. At this point, decrease of SOD and CAT levels in the plasma may +be related to this shift. It is also thought that GSHPx secretion in the saliva +may also be increased but the increase in its turnover may be responsible for the +diminished activity. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00253.x +PMID: 15610400 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1369. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2004 Oct;56(1-2):59-64. + +Effects of selenium on histopathological and enzymatic changes in experimental +liver injury of rats. + +Ozardali I(1), Bitiren M, Karakilçik AZ, Zerin M, Aksoy N, Musa D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Harran, +63200-Sanliurfa, Turkey. ozardali@harran.edu.tr + +The most important antioxidant aspect of selenium is its function in the active +site of selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase not only +allows the removal of the toxic radicals but also permits the regeneration of +lipid molecules through reacylation in the cellular membrane. Thus, GSHPx may +prevent the harmful effects of free radicals and may reduce the formation of the +reactive metabolites of carbon tetrachloride. Carbon tetrachloride is a +hepatotoxic agent which generates haloalkane radicals during its +biotransformation in the liver and is widely used to make the experimental model +of hepatic damage. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the +possible protective role of selenium on the experimental liver cirrhosis and some +enzyme activities in blood plasma from rats. While the activities of aspartate +aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase +(ALP) were significantly increased (p < 0.05, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, +respectively), gamma-glutamyle transferase (GGT) activity was not statistically +affected (p < 0.05) with carbon tetrachloride-injection. The levels of AST, ALT +and GGT in carbon tetrachloride-group decreased to nearly the enzyme values in +control-group after the selenium-injection but the ALP was increased (p<0.01). On +the other hand, it was noticed that selenium significantly decreased the hepatic +injury. In conclusion, our results showed that carbon tetrachloride caused an +increase in the activities of liver enzymes in plasma and selenium application +decreased the hepatic injury. Plasma levels of the liver enzymes were decreased +after selenium-injections. Based upon these results, selenium may play an +important role in the preventive indication of hepatic cellular injury inducted +by carbon tetrachloride. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2004.05.001 +PMID: 15581276 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1370. Clin Neuropathol. 2004 Sep-Oct;23(5):204-8. + +Isolated intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking meningioma. + +Kayali H(1), Onguru O, Erdogan E, Sirin S, Timurkaynak E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. +hkayali@gata.edu.tr + +Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), also known as +Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), is an idiopathic histiocytic proliferation affecting +lymph nodes. It is typically characterized by painless cervical lymphadenopathy, +fever and weight loss. Although extranodal involvement has been reported in +diverse sites, intracranial presentation, particularly in the absence of nodal +disease is uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, 48 patients with intracranial +masses have been reported previously. A 31-year-old man was admitted to our +clinic with a 4-month history of progressive headache. His medical history was +unremarkable except for occasional fever. There were not any neurological deficit +and weight loss. No lymphadenopathy (particularly bilateral cervical) and +extranodal involvement in diverse sites were revealed by physical and +radiological examinations. Routine hematological and biochemical studies were +normal except for mild leukocytosis and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. +The patient underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) testing that revealed an +enhancing mass in the left temporal lobe. Preoperative diagnosis was meningioma. +The patient underwent a left frontotemporal craniotomy with complete resection of +the mass. Histopathology was compatible with RDD. Extranodal RDD is rarely found +intracranially. Prognosis is benign especially in the absence of nodal disease. +It is clinically and radiologically difficult to distinguish from meningioma, and +histological examination is essential for a definitive diagnosis. + + +PMID: 15581022 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1371. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2004 Dec;25(4):314-20. + +Unusual torture methods and mass murders applied by a terror organization. + +Asirdizer M(1), Yavuz MS, Sari H, Canturk G, Yorulmaz C. + +Author information: +(1)Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine, Forensic Medicine Department, +Manisa, Turkey. masirdizer@yahoo.com + +This study aims at describing autopsy findings of 19 victims killed by various +torture methods applied by a terror organization after they had been kidnapped by +this organization, as well as the unusual and unique binding style applied during +these killings. The present study also aims at describing the unusual killing +method of binding for literature and discussing international descriptions of +torture. + + +PMID: 15577520 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1372. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Dec;57(12):1335-7. + +Sialometaplasia arising in the ectopic salivary gland ductal inclusions of +multiple intraparotid lymph nodes. + +Sarioglu S(1), Pabuççuoglu U, Ecevit C, Ceryan K, Paksoy S, Ada E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 +lzmir, Turkey. sulen.sarioglu@deu.edu.tr + +Sialometaplasia, squamous metaplasia of salivary gland lobules, is a benign +condition occasionally presenting with lesions clinically simulating malignancy. +"Necrotising sialometaplasia", recognised by lobular infarction, necrosis, and +simultaneous squamous metaplasia of ducts and acini is a well known condition. +There are only a few reports of the "proliferative type of sialometaplasia", +which is recognised by a more mature morphology of larger and more irregular +metaplastic nests, lacking necrosis. This report describes a unique case of +"proliferative sialometaplasia of multiple intraparotid lymph nodes" occurring in +a 55 year old woman, presenting with multiple parotid lumps. This interesting +case points to the importance of intraparotid lymph nodes as sites for multiple +lesions of the parotid region. + +DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2004.017202 +PMCID: PMC1770497 +PMID: 15563681 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1373. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2004 Dec;30(6):651-64. + +Neurotrophin receptor immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of patients with mesial +temporal lobe epilepsy. + +Ozbas-Gerçeker F(1), Gorter JA, Redeker S, Ramkema M, van der Valk P, Baayen JC, +Ozgüç M, Saygi S, Soylemezoglu F, Akalin N, Troost D, Aronica E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Recent evidence supports a critical role of neurotrophins in the regulation of +both neuronal survival and synaptic transmission during epileptogenesis. We have +examined the immunohistochemical expression of high- (tyrosine kinase receptors, +trk) and low-affinity (p75) neurotrophin receptors (NTRs) in the hippocampal +specimens from 18 patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy [TLE; 14 patients +with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and four with focal lesions (tumours) not +involving the hippocampus proper]. Nonepileptic autopsy brains (n = 6) and +surgical specimens from tumour patients without epilepsy (n = 3) were used as +controls. Immunoreactivity (IR) for the trk receptors (trkA, trkB, trkC) was +detected in normal human brain within the pyramidal neurones of hippocampal +cornus ammoni (CA) regions and in the dentate gyrus. There were no detectable +differences in the neuronal trk IR patterns in the hippocampus between control +and TLE cases with HS, except for a decrease in neuronal density in regions where +cell death had occurred (CA1, CA3 and CA4). In contrast, a consistent increase in +trkA IR was observed in reactive astrocytes in CA1 and dentate gyrus. The +low-affinity p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) was expressed in low levels in +postnatal normal hippocampus. In contrast, neuronal p75(NTR) IR was detected in +10/14 cases of HS in spared neurones within the CA and hilar regions of the +hippocampus. Double labelling revealed that p75(NTR)-positive neurones also +contain trk receptor IR. In six cases with prominent glial activation strong +p75(NTR) IR was observed in microglial cells within the sclerotic hippocampus. +The present results indicate that changes in NTR expression are still detectable +in the hippocampus of patients with chronic TLE and involve both glial and +neuronal cells. Reactive astrocytes were immunoreactive for trkA, whereas +activated microglia cells were reactive for p75(NTR), suggesting different +functions for specific NTRs in the development of reactive gliosis. Moreover, the +increased expression of p75(NTR) in hippocampal neurones of TLE patients may +critically influence the neuronal survival during the epileptogenic process. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2004.00582.x +PMID: 15541005 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1374. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004 Nov;122(5):696-703. + +Hypercholesterolemia impairs angiogenesis in patients with breast carcinoma and, +therefore, lowers the risk of metastases. + +Ozdemir BH(1), Akcali Z, Haberal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Comment in + Am J Clin Pathol. 2004 Nov;122(5):675-7. + +Our aim was to study the effect of hypercholesterolemia on angiogenesis induced +by breast carcinoma. Of 51 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma, 28 had +hypercholesterolemia and 23 had normocholesterolemia. The intratumoral +microvessel density (MVD) was evaluated by using anti-CD31 antibody. The +expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial +growth factor (VEGF) on endothelial and tumor cells was examined and graded +semiquantitatively. Patients with normocholesterolemia had a higher MVD (76.4 +/- +8.2) than those with hypercholesterolemia (54.6 +/- 5.1) (P < .01). The risks of +recurrence and distant metastasis were higher in patients with +normocholesterolemia than in patients with hypercholesterolemia (P < .01). +Patients with hypercholesterolemia showed lower expression of endothelial VEGF +and bFGF than patients with normocholesterolemia (P < .05 and P < .01, +respectively). In addition, tumoral bFGF and VEGF expression showed negative +correlation with the presence of hypercholesterolemia (P < .01). We suggest that +hypercholesterolemia impairs angiogenesis by suppressing endothelial and tumoral +bFGF and VEGF expression and, therefore, lowers the risk of metastases in cases +of invasive breast carcinoma. + +DOI: 10.1309/HW2M-YB5T-VF4A-M0Y4 +PMID: 15491965 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1375. Neuropathology. 2004 Sep;24(3):243-7. + +Chordoid meningioma: rare variant of meningioma. + +Ozen O(1), Sar A, Atalay B, Altinörs N, Demirhan B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. ozlemo@baskent-ank.edu.tr + +Chordoid meningioma is a rare variant of meningioma that bears a striking +histological resemblance to chordoma and has greater likelihood of recurrence. +Although most meningiomas occur in the intracranial, orbital and intravertebral +cavities, rare meningiomas have been reported in extracranial organs; thus, it is +important to be able to distinguish them from other neoplasms that have similar +histology but different biological behavior and therapies. A case of chordoid +meningioma in a 48-year-old woman who did not have Castleman's syndrome is +described in the present report. The patient presented with a mass in her left +frontoparietal region, and had been suffering from headaches for many years. +Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated an expansive lytic lesion in +the squamous portion of the left temporal bone. The lesion extended in both +directions. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed a tumor +composed of cords and nests of eosinophilic vacuolated cells embedded in a myxoid +matrix. A typical meningiomatous pattern was observed focally, and positive +staining of the tumor cells for vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen +confirmed the diagnosis of chordoid meningioma. + + +PMID: 15484703 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1376. Pathol Int. 2004 Oct;54(10):759-64. + +Histopathological changes of cervical tissue in women with systemic sclerosis. + +Evruke C(1), Ertunc D, Doran F, Ozbek S, Kadayifci O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cukurova University, School of +Medicine, Adana, Turkey. + +Systemic sclerosis is a connective tissue disease that can affect almost any +organ of the body. The clinical aspects of systemic sclerosis on the reproductive +system have been studied in large series, and an increased rate of cesarean +section has been reported. For this reason, in the present study the +histopathological features of cervical specimens of hysterectomyzed women with +systemic sclerosis were evaluated. An increased frequency of vascular and stromal +abnormalities in cervical specimens of women with systemic sclerosis were +observed. Vascular medial hypertrophy, intimal thickening, and fibrosis were more +often encountered in the cervical specimens of the patients with systemic +sclerosis. Some of the histopathological features also showed correlation with +the clinical profile of the disease. The patients with vascular medial +hypertrophy in their cervical specimens were older, had a higher Rodnan score, +and had longer duration of the disease. In contrast to vascular medial +hypertrophy, periadventitial edema was found in the cervical specimens of the +patients who were younger, had a lower Rodnan score, and had shorter duration of +the disease. It was concluded that the problems that are seen in common obstetric +and gynecological practices in patients with systemic sclerosis may be explained +by these tissue abnormalities. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2004.01749.x +PMID: 15482565 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1377. Pathol Res Pract. 2004;200(7-8):575-9. + +Acinic cell carcinoma with follicular pattern of the soft palate. + +Bircan S(1), Kayaselcuk F, Yavuz H, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Baskent University School of Medicine, Medical Research +Hospital, Adana, Turkey. bircans2000@yahoo.com + +Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon low-grade malignancy of the salivary +glands. Most cases occur in the major salivary gland, but a few cases affecting +the minor salivary gland have also been described. Although various growth +patterns have been reported in the literature, a few cases have been diagnosed as +ACC with follicular pattern. We present a rare case of ACC with follicular +pattern of the soft palate in a 60-year-old man. The occurrence of ACC in this +area is extremely rare, and its striking thyroid-like appearance may cause +confusion in the differential diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2004.04.011 +PMID: 15462506 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1378. Pathol Res Pract. 2004;200(7-8):531-6. + +A comparative histopathological evaluation of sacs from boys and girls with +inguinal hernia. + +Diniz G(1), Aktaş S, Ortaç R, Yegane S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Kibris Sehitleri +Cad. 51/11. 35220 Alsancak, Izmir, Turkey. ismetunlu@isnet.net.tr + +The purpose of this study is to determine and to compare histopathologic +alterations of hernia sacs obtained from patients with inguinal hernia with those +of the peritoneal tissue from patients operated on for other abdominal disorders. +Samples were obtained from 42 pediatric patients with uni- or bilateral hernias, +and from 30 pediatric control patients without hernia. Sections were stained with +hematoxylin-eosin, Gomori's trichrome, and Gomori's reticulin. Furthermore, they +were immunohistochemically stained with anti-synaptophysin for the quantification +of neural structures. All the slides were examined for six parameters, including +variations in tissue and collagen types, the presence of inflammation and +proliferation of vessels, neural plexus, and mesothelial cells. The results were +evaluated statistically using the independent T-test and the Mann-Whitney-U test. +Parametric tests revealed a higher presence of large neural plexus (p = 0.003), +increased proliferation of mesothelial cells (p = 0.009), and +hypervascularization (p = 0.003) in sacs of the hernia group. There were also +major changes that were dependent on the sex of the patients. Most part of hernia +sacs tissue was found to be fibrous and adipose in most boy patients, but was +fibro-muscular in girls with inguinal hernia (male/female p = 0.03), while the +tissues were fibro-adipose in both sexes in the control group (inguinal +hernia/control p = 0.016). Similarly, vascular proliferation was mainly +encountered in hernia sacs of girls (p = 0.013). These features were not observed +in the control groups. Therefore, on the basis of sex, we determined whether or +not these findings could indicate the difference between the etiopathologic +mechanisms of inguinal hernias. Furthermore, we went into the question of whether +or not the comprehensive examination of hernia sacs sufficed to enlighten the +etiology of hernias. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2004.04.010 +PMID: 15462500 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1379. Pathol Res Pract. 2004;200(7-8):501-9. + +Prognostic significance of anaplasia and angiogenesis in childhood +medulloblastoma: a pediatric oncology group study. + +Ozer E(1), Sarialioglu F, Cetingoz R, Yüceer N, Cakmakci H, Ozkal S, Olgun N, +Uysal K, Corapcioglu F, Canda S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, +Inciralti, Izmir 35340, Turkey. eozer@deu.edu.tr + +The purpose of this study was to investigate whether quantitative assessment of +cytologic anaplasia and angiogenesis may predict the clinical prognosis in +medulloblastoma and stratify the patients to avoid both undertreatment and +overtreatment. Medulloblastomas from 23 patients belonging to the Pediatric +Oncology Group were evaluated with respect to some prognostic variables, +including histologic assessment of nodularity and desmoplasia, grading of +anaplasia, measurement of nuclear size, mitotic cell count, quantification of +angiogenesis, including vascular surface density (VSD) and microvessel number +(NVES), and immunohistochemical scoring of vascular endothelial growth factor +(VEGF) expression. Univariate and multivariate analyses for prognostic indicators +for survival were performed. Univariate analysis revealed that extensive +nodularity was a significant favorable prognostic factor, whereas the presence of +anaplasia, increased nuclear size, mitotic rate, VSD, and NVES were significant +unfavorable prognostic factors. Using multivariate analysis, increased nuclear +size was found to be an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for survival. +Neither the presence of desmoplasia nor VEGF expression was significantly related +to patient survival. Although care must be taken not to overstate the importance +of the results of this single-institution preliminary report, pathologic grading +of medulloblastomas with respect to grading of anaplasia and quantification of +nodularity, nuclear size, and microvessel profiles may be clinically useful for +the treatment of medulloblastomas. Further validation of the independent +prognostic significance of nuclear size in stratifying patients is required. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2004.04.009 +PMID: 15462497 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1380. Cytopathology. 2004 Oct;15(5):286-7. + +Fine needle aspiration from a left supraclavicular mass. + +Doğan AI(1), Uner A, Söylemezoğlu F, Zorlu F, Firat P. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara 06100, +Turkey. isindogan@hotmail.com + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2004.00152.x +PMID: 15456418 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1381. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2004 Jul;55(6):505-9. + +The effect of betaine treatment on triglyceride levels and oxidative stress in +the liver of ethanol-treated guinea pigs. + +Balkan J(1), Oztezcan S, Küçük M, Cevikbaş U, Koçak-Toker N, Uysal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Turkey. + +We investigated the effect of betaine supplementation on ethanol induced +steatosis and alterations in prooxidant and antioxidant status in the liver of +guinea pigs. Animals were fed with normal chow or betaine containing chow (2% +w/w) for 30 days. Ethanol (3 g/kg, i.p.) was given for the last 10 days. We found +that ethanol treatment caused significant increases in plasma transaminase +activities, hepatic triglyceride and lipid peroxide levels. Significant decreases +in glutathione (GSH), alpha-tocopherol and total ascorbic acid (AA) levels were +also observed, but hepatic superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and +glutathione transferase activities remained unchanged as compared with those in +controls. Betaine treatment together with ethanol in guinea pigs is found to +decrease hepatic triglyceride, lipid peroxide levels and serum transaminase +activities and to increase GSH levels. No changes in alpha-tocopherol and total +AA levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were observed with betaine treatment +in alcohol treated guinea pigs. In addition, histopathological assessment of +guinea pigs showed that betaine reduced the alcoholic fat accumulation in the +liver. Based on these data, betaine treatment has a restoring effect on the +alterations in triglyceride, lipid peroxide and GSH levels following ethanol +ingestion. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00347 +PMID: 15384256 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1382. Histol Histopathol. 2004 Oct;19(4):1101-8. doi: 10.14670/HH-19.1101. + +Effect of melatonin on the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. + +Balli E(1), Mete UO, Tuli A, Tap O, Kaya M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova +University, Balcali, Adana, Turkey. umete@mail.cu.edu.tr + +This study was designed to investigate the preventive effect of melatonin on +doxorubicin's most important side effect, cardiotoxicity. Forty male albino +Wistar rats were utilized and the rats were divided into five groups: group I, +0.9% NaCl for 4 days; group II, doxorubicin 3 mg/kg/day for 4 days; group III, +2.5 % ethanol for 15 days; group IV, melatonin 6 mg/kg/day for 15 days; and group +V, a doxorubicin and melatonin combination were administered intraperitoneally. +At the end of the experiment, tissue samples obtained from the cardiac muscle of +the left ventricle of the rats were processed for measurement of malondialdehyde +and for electron microscopic examination. Malondialdehyde, a product of lipid +peroxidation, was found to be significantly higher in the doxorubicin group. +However, in the doxorubicin and melatonin combination group the level of +malondialdehyde was decreased statistical significant. The histological +examination revealed destruction of myofibrils, disorganization of sarcomeres, +mitochondrial degeneration and formation of giant mitochondria and lipid +accumulation in the doxorubicin group. Also, accumulation of filamentous +structures in the sarcoplasma in some of the cells, structural changes in +capillaries and an increase in collagen fibers forming bundles were observed. +When melatonin was added to the doxorubicin treatment all structural changes were +reduced. The cardiotoxic side effect of doxorubicin used as a chemotherapeutic +agent and was probably developed as a result of suppression of the antioxidant +system and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, it could be assumed that the addition +of melatonin in the treatment of doxorubicin could prevent the cardiotoxicity of +doxorubicin. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-19.1101 +PMID: 15375752 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1383. Pathol Int. 2004 Sep;54(9):734-9. + +Spindle cell lipoma in an intramuscular lipoma. + +Usta U(1), Türkmen E, Mizrak B, Yildiz D, Güzel Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malaytya, Turkey. +drufukusta@superonline.com + +Intramuscular lipoma (IML) is a relatively common variant of lipomas. The most +important sites for IML are the large muscles of the extremities. Spindle cell +lipoma (SCL) is a rare and distinct variant of lipoma. Most SCL arise in the +neck, shoulders or back. It has also been described in unusual sites, such as the +oral cavity, larynx, bronchus, breast, orbit and extremities. However, +localization of a SCL in an IML has not been described yet. Thus, we present the +first SCL located in an IML, which was localized underneath the fascia and +embedded within the left sartorius muscle of a 55-year-old man. Microscopically, +the SCL component of the tumor was sharply circumscribed by a fibrous capsule and +clearly separated from the IML in which it was localized. The collagen-forming +spindle cells of the SCL showed neither atypia nor pleomorphism. These cells +stained positive for CD34, while the mature fat tissue component of the SCL was +positive for S-100 protein and negative for CD34. Spindle cells were negative for +S-100 protein. Vimentin stained both components of the SCL, as well as the +striated muscle fibers and mature fat tissue of the IML. In conclusion, careful +morphological observation along with immunohistochemistry for CD34 and S-100 +protein are essential to differentiate this rare tumor from lesions that enter +the differential diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2004.01688.x +PMID: 15363044 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1384. J Cutan Pathol. 2004 Oct;31(9):586-94. + +Heat shock proteins 60 and 70 expression of cutaneous lichen planus: comparison +with normal skin and psoriasis vulgaris. + +Bayramgürler D(1), Ozkara SK, Apaydin R, Erçin C, Bilen N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Izmit, +Turkey. efe1998@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are expressed by most living cells and +play fundamental roles in many biological processes. Their synthesis increases by +a variety of stresses in order to enable cellular survival. Although it is known +that they play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses of the +skin, the role of HSPs in the pathogenesis of skin diseases has been studied in +only limited skin diseases. Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common +papulosquamous dermatosis, and cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in +its pathogenesis. Although an altered expression of certain HSPs was reported in +oral LP lesions, the expression of HSPs in cutaneous lesions of LP has not been +investigated. In this immunohistochemical study, we aimed at investigating the +role of HSPs in the pathogenesis of LP by studying whether there is any +difference in HSP expression in cutaneous lesions of LP when compared to normal +skin and psoriasis vulgaris (PV). +METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin biopsy specimen blocks from LP +patients (n = 39), patients with psoriasis (n = 20), and normal skin controls (n += 20) were used in the study. Antibodies to HSPs 60 and 70 were applied +immunohistochemically by using streptavidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase +complex. An immunoreactivity intensity distribution index (IRIDI) was calculated +to express the proportion of the immunoreactive cells as well as the staining +intensity in different layers of the epidermis. +RESULTS: The mean IRIDI scores for HSP60 expression in the basal, suprabasal, and +superficial epidermal layers of cutaneous LP were moderately higher than those of +normal skin, but not different from those of PV skin. These scores for HSP70 in +lesions of LP were moderately lower than those for normal skin in the basal +layer, but not significantly different from normal in the other two layers. +Scores for HSP70 in PV lesions were markedly lower in all three layers. In the +cells of the inflammatory infiltrates (mostly lymphocytes), HSP60 scores for LP +were moderately higher, compared to those for PV, whereas scores for HSP70 were +much lower for LP and very much lower for PV. +CONCLUSIONS: Significantly altered levels of HSP proteins were found in cutaneous +LP lesions in comparison with normal skin and psoriasis, suggesting the role of +HSPs in the pathogenesis of LP. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2004.00234.x +PMID: 15330989 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1385. Cytopathology. 2004 Aug;15(4):195-9. + +Benign glandular cells in posthysterectomy vaginal smears: the incidence is +higher than expected. + +Eren F(1), Savci D, Erbarut I, Gökaslan H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. fyeren@superonline.com + +In this study, we have investigated the frequency and clinical significance of +glandular cells in posthysterectomy vaginal smears. The slides of vaginal cuff +smears of 290 patients were reviewed. The glandular cells were categorized into +three groups: (1) squamous metaplastic-like cells; (2) columnar endocervical-like +cells; and (3) small round cuboidal cells. Glandular cells were found in 39 (13%) +of the 290 vaginal smears. Group 1 type cells were seen in 76% (n = 30), group 2 +type cells in 38% (n = 15) and group 3 type cells in 47% (n = 19) of the smears. +In 19 (48%) of the smears combination of two or three groups were seen. The +presence of glandular cells showed a strong association with inflammation/repair +as a background finding in the smears. No correlation could be found between the +presence of atrophy and history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Apart from these +there was a prominent increase in reporting benign glandular cells after the +application of the current Bethesda 2001 reporting criteria in our laboratory. As +a result our study showed that the finding of glandular cells in posthysterectomy +vaginal smears is more frequent than expected and most of them could be related +to inflammatory and regenerative processes in the absence of a clearly identified +underlying cause. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2004.00162.x +PMID: 15324446 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1386. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2004 Sep;25(3):246-50. + +Intracranial migrating bullet. + +Koçak A(1), OZer MH. + +Author information: +(1)Diyarbakir Military Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Diyarbakir, Turkey. +akocak@inonu.edu.tr + +Retained bullets and fragments following a civilian gunshot injury are quite +frequent in practical neurosurgery. It is usually possible to extract the foreign +body surgically, while rare cases are conservatively treated because of technical +reasons. Conservative treatment may present complications, and a rare form of +this presentation is migration of the bullet. A 20-year-old man presented with +migrating bullet from a supratentorial to opposite infratentorial area. We +consider that in the migrating bullet fragment cases, if there is no +contraindication, the most reasonable treatment is its urgent surgical removal. +This report reveals a supratentorial bullet migrating to the infratentorial +contralateral area, and related literature considering the different mechanisms +of migration is discussed. + + +PMID: 15322468 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1387. Tissue Antigens. 2004 Sep;64(3):293-7. + +HLA class I and class II genotyping in patients with Behcet's disease: a regional +study of eastern part of Turkey. + +Pirim I(1), Atasoy M, Ikbal M, Erdem T, Aliagaoglu C. + +Author information: +(1)Ataturk University, Medical School, Department of Medical Biology, +25240-Erzurum, Turkey. ipirim@hotmail.com + +Class I human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B51 is well known to be associated with +Behcet's disease in many ethnic groups. However, there has been no published +paper with respect to its association with HLA class I and class II among the +Turkish people who live in the eastern region of Turkey. Moreover, as it is known +that B51 antigen is encoded by 21 alleles, B*5101-5121, HLA-B51 allele typing was +performed, as well as HLA class I and class II genotyping of 75 patients with the +disease and the 54 individuals in the matched control group. The result shows +that the HLA-B51 frequency was significantly higher (58.66%) in the patient +group, compared to that in the control group (18.51%) (OR = 6.245). In the +subtyping of B51 alleles, 44 B51-positive patients possessed B*5101 (45.5%), +B*5108 (25%), B*5105 (9.1%) and B*5104 (4.5%). There was no significant +difference in the HLA-B51 allelic distribution between the patient group and the +control group. However, homozygous carriers of HLA-B51 showed considerably high +risk (OR = 2.647) in the patient group, compared to that in the control group. In +the genotyping of class II HLA alleles, while HLA-DRB1*04 (45.3%) and HLA-DRB1*07 +(24%) were the predominant alleles in the patient group, DRB1*11 (50%) appeared +to be more common in the control group. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2004.00280.x +PMID: 15304011 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1388. J Comp Pathol. 2004 Aug-Oct;131(2-3):135-41. + +Characteristic and non-characteristic pathological findings in peste des petits +ruminants (PPR) of sheep in the Ege district of Turkey. + +Toplu N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, +Işikli, Aydin 09016, Turkey. + +This report describes the pathological and immunohistochemical findings in +naturally infected lambs from three outbreaks of peste des petits ruminants in +Mugla and Aydin provinces of the Ege district of Turkey. At necropsy, ulcerative +stomatitis, catarrhal or fibrinous bronchopneumonia, and acute catarrhal +enteritis were observed. Histopathologically, syncytial cells containing +inclusion bodies were seen in the tongue and in the buccal, labial and soft +palate mucosae. In pneumonic lungs, syncytial cells were present in the alveolar +lumina, and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in epithelial cells of the bronchi and +bronchioli. Immunohistochemically, viral antigen was strongly labelled in the +lung, oral tissues and small intestine. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2004.02.004 +PMID: 15276853 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1389. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004 Aug;128(8):869-74. + +Lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphism and lipid profile in coronary artery +disease. + +Duman BS(1), Türkoğlu C, Akpinar B, Güden M, Vertii A, Dak E, Cağatay P, Günay D, +Büyükdevrim AS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Kadir Has University, School of Medicine, +Istanbul, Turkey. bsusleyici@khas.edu.tr + +CONTEXT: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a central role in lipid metabolism, +hydrolyzing triglyceride in chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins. The +PvuII polymorphic variant of LPL gene is common and might affect risk of coronary +artery disease (CAD). +OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine whether LPL- PvuII polymorphism can be +considered to be an independent risk factor or a predictor for CAD in Turkish +subjects. +DESIGN: We used polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion to +determine the distribution of the previously described C-->T transition that +causes a PvuII polymorphism in intron 6 among healthy blood donors of Turkish +origin and among angiographically confirmed CAD patients with comparable ethnic +backgrounds. +RESULTS: For the PvuII genotypes, within the CAD group (n = 80), the +/- genotype +was found in 39 individuals (48.8%), whereas 25 (31.3%) carried the +/+ genotype, +and 14 (17.5%) carried the -/- genotype. Within the control group (n = 49), the +-/- genotype was found in 19 individuals (38.8%), 16 (32.7%) carried the +/- +genotype, and 14 (28.6%) carried the +/+ genotype. The genotype frequency +distribution was significantly different (P =.049) in the CAD and control study +groups. The most frequent genotype among CAD patients was +/-; this genotype was +more frequent in patients than in control subjects. However, the -/- genotype was +more prevalent in the control group. Lipoprotein lipase-PvuII polymorphism was +found to be associated with fasting total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein +cholesterol levels. The +/+ genotype was found to have higher levels of total +cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both the CAD and control +groups. +CONCLUSION: There was a difference in the distribution of LPL-PvuII genotypes +between the healthy subjects and the patients with CAD. Lipoprotein lipase-PvuII +polymorphisms were not detected as independent risk factors for CAD in this study +group, but had associations with lipid levels. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2004)128<869:LLGPAL>2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 15270617 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1390. Pathol Int. 2004 Aug;54(8):641-7. + +Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the tunica vaginalis of the testis with an adjacent +uterus-like tissue. + +Tulunay O(1), Gögüş C, Baltaci S, Bulut S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. +tulunay@medicine.ankara.edu.tr + +Testicular and paratesticular neoplasms that resemble the common epithelial type +of ovarian tumor are quite rare. Paratesticular clear cell carcinoma is very +uncommon in the testis, with no reported cases of a tumor arising from the tunica +vaginalis in the literature to our knowledge. The present case shows that it is +highly malignant and metastatic. The differential diagnosis of the tumor was made +after thorough clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical investigations, +from the mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis, paratesticular serous papillary +carcinoma, carcinoma of the rete testis, epididymal adenocarcioma, yolk sac tumor +of the testis and metastatic carcinoma. The tumor showed Bcl-2 and Her-2/neu +immunoreactivity, but was non-reactive for p53. This tumor, with a uterus-like +structure as a paratesticular tumor-like mass, was composed of endometrial-type +glands and stroma surrounded by bundles of smooth muscle, and is the third +example of this kind of structure in English written literature. The patient, +having normal external genitalia and fertility, represents the first reported +case of paratesticular malignant differentiation of müllerian-type epithelium in +the normal gonadal state. Müllerian-type epithelium located in the vicinity of +the testis and/or endometriotic metaplasia of the mesothelium of the tunica +vaginalis might be the possible origins for this uterus-like structure, and as a +result, for this tumor. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2004.01675.x +PMID: 15260857 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1391. Hum Pathol. 2004 Jul;35(7):892-4. + +Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis. + +Altaykan A(1), Erkin G, Boztepe G, Gököz A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Comment in + Hum Pathol. 2004 Jul;35(7):779-80. + +Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis is an uncommon disorder. In +its original description, the presence of linear inflammatory indurations on the +lateral aspects of the trunk (the rope sign) in association with arthritis were +considered the pathognomonic clinical features. Later cases presenting with +plaques and papules have been reported. Herein we describe a case of interstitial +granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis without the rope sign. The present case +supports the idea that interstitial granulomatous dermatitis with arthritis may +have variable clinical appearances. + + +PMID: 15257555 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1392. Tissue Antigens. 2004 Aug;64(2):180-7. + +Human leukocyte antigen-A, -B and -C alleles and human leukocyte antigen +haplotypes in Turkey: relationship to other populations. + +Uyar FA(1), Dorak MT, Saruhan-Direskeneli G. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +In this study, we present, for the first time, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) +class I allele and haplotype frequencies at the DNA level in a sample of 142 +donors from Turkey. HLA typing was performed by medium-to-high resolution +polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes method. The +most frequent HLA alleles at class I locus were A*0201(0.257), -B*35(0.204) and +-Cw*04(0.173). A*0201-B*35-Cw*04(0.056) was the most common three-locus +haplotype. Allele and haplotype frequency comparisons and neighbour-joining +dendrograms, constructed using DA genetic distances and correspondence analysis +using HLA-A, -B and -C, and -DRB1 allele frequencies, revealed similarities with +other Mediterranean and European populations, but not with Mongol populations. +These results agree with previous studies and confirm that the present day +Turkish population is genetically more similar to its geographic neighbours than +its historical neighbours in central Asia. The comprehensive HLA data on the +Turkish population at the DNA level including up to six-locus putative haplotypes +generated in this study will be useful for further studies. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2004.00258.x +PMID: 15245373 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1393. Pathol Res Pract. 2004;200(5):389-96. + +The importance of cyclin D1 and Ki67 expression on the biological behavior of +pancreatic adenocarcinomas. + +Lebe B(1), Sağol O, Ulukuş C, Coker A, Karademir S, Astarcioglu H, Küpelioğlu A, +Astarcioğlu I, Obuz F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dokuz Eylül University, Inciralti, +Izmir 35340, Turkey. banu.lebe@deu.edu.tr + +The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of cyclin D1 and Ki67 proteins +involved in cell-cycle control as a prognostic factor in pancreatic carcinomas. +We examined formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material from 59 pancreatic +adenocarcinomas, for which appropriate clinical and prognostic data were +available. The standard streptavidin biotin immunoperoxidase method was used for +immunostaining with cyclin D1 and Ki67. The extent of positive nuclear and +cytoplasmic cyclin D1 staining was graded semiquantitatively. Ki67 reactivity was +quantified and expressed as the percentage of stained nuclei. Staining with +cyclin D1 and Ki67 was compared with histopathological prognostic features, and +their relation with survival was also tested statistically. Patients whose tumors +were cyclin D1-positive showed perineural invasion significantly more frequently +than did patients with cyclin D1-negative tumors at the immunohistochemical +level. In addition, tumors with lymphatic vessel invasion and without showed a +significant difference in terms of cytoplasmic cyclin D1 staining. Ki67 indices +were statistically different in stage groups. There was a significant and direct +correlation between Ki67 index and nuclear cyclin D1 staining scores. No relation +with survival was found. Our results suggest that cell-cycle proteins do not +directly affect the prognosis of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. +Conversely, cyclin D1-positive tumors tend to have perineural invasion more +frequently. In addition, lymph vessel invasion is another factor related to +cyclin D1 reactivity of the cells. Ki67 indices differ statistically in stage +groups. + + +PMID: 15239347 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1394. Pathol Res Pract. 2004;200(5):379-87. + +Prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinase-2, cathepsin D, and +tenascin-C expression in colorectal carcinoma. + +Sis B(1), Sağol O, Küpelioğlu A, Sokmen S, Terzi C, Fuzun M, Ozer E, Bishop P. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, +Inciralti, Izmir 35340, Turkey. banu.sis@deu.edu.tr + +Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cathepsin D (CD) play a significant role +in degrading the components of basement membrane and extracellular matrix (ECM), +whereas tenascin-C (TN-C) is a glycoprotein of the ECM related to cell adhesion +and detachment. These proteins have been implicated in tumor invasion and +metastasis. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the prognostic significance of +MMP-2, CD, and TN-C expressions in primary colorectal cancer. Overall, 112 +colorectal adenocarcinomas were included in the present study. MMP-2, CD, and +TN-C expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with +clinicopathologic prognostic parameters and survival. Diffuse stromal TN-C +immunostaining was found to be significantly correlated with advanced stage and +shorter survival time (p = 0.002 and 0.02, respectively). MMP-2 expression was +found to correlate with lymph vessel invasion (p = 0.006) and stage (p = 0.03). +CD expression was related to depth of invasion (p = 0.005). No significant +relationship was found between survival and MMP-2 and CD expression (p > 0.05). +In multivariate analysis, stage and vascular invasion were independent prognostic +factors, whereas TN-C did not retain a clear independent relationship to survival +(p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that TN-C expression may be a potential +prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma. However, MMP-2 and CD do not appear to +be significant indicators of survival. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2004.02.012 +PMID: 15239346 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1395. Pathol Res Pract. 2004;200(3):181-8. + +Immunohistological comparison of the World Health Organization (WHO) and +Ljubljana classifications on the grading of preneoplastic lesions of the larynx. + +Sengiz S(1), Pabuççuoğlu U, Sarioğlu S. + +Author information: +(1)Gölcük State Hospital, Gölcük-Kocaeli, Turkey. + +There is still controversy about the classification of laryngeal preneoplastic +lesions. In this study, we compared the World Health Organization (WHO) and +Ljubljana histological classifications with regard to laryngeal epithelial +hyperplastic-dysplastic lesions in a single series to determine their relation to +statistically significant criteria when the mechanisms of neoplastic progression +are considered. Emphasis was put on p53 expression, proliferative activity, and +angiogenesis. Fifty-four laryngeal biopsies with preneoplastic changes were +re-evaluated and classified according to both classifications. The +streptavidin-biotin method was used for immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, +p53, and CD34 antibodies. A positive correlation was obtained between the +histological categories and Ki-67, p53, and CD34 expressions using both +classifications (Spearman's Correlation test). There was a significant difference +between the histological categories of both the WHO and the Ljubljana +classifications, when the expression of the three markers was compared (Kruskal +Wallis test, p = 0.000 for each). Further evaluation revealed a statistically +significant difference between all categories of both classifications, excluding +the p53 overexpression scores and vessel counts in mild and moderate dysplasia +categories (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.209, and 0.091 respectively), and the p53 +overexpression scores in severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ categories +(Mann-Whitney U-test, p = 0.249) of the WHO classification. Similarly, no +significant differences were found between severe dysplasia and carcinoma in +situ, as well as between atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ categories +using both classifications for the Ki-67 expression (Mann-Whitney U-test, p = +0.806, and 0.111, respectively). Our results suggest that regarding the +mechanisms of neoplastic progression such as p53 expression and angiogenesis, the +histological categories of the Ljubljana classification seem to depend on +additional evidence. Therefore, we support the use of the Ljubljana +classification. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2003.11.002 +PMID: 15200269 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1396. Pathol Oncol Res. 2004;10(2):121-3. Epub 2004 Jun 9. + +Mazabraud's syndrome: intramuscular myxoma associated with fibrous dysplasia. + +Kabukcuoglu F(1), Kabukcuoglu Y, Yilmaz B, Erdem Y, Evren I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, +81160, Turkey. ykabukcuoglu@yahoo.com + +The association of fibrous dysplasia and intramuscular myxoma is a rare disease +known as Mazabraud's syndrome. Both lesions tend to occur in the same anatomical +region. The relationship between fibrous dysplasia and myxoma remains unclear, +where an underlying localized error in tissue metabolism has been proposed to +explain this occasional coexistence. Another example of this syndrome in a 52 +year-old woman is reported. The patient presented with a soft tissue mass at the +anteromedial mid part of the left thigh. After excision of the mass, three +separate bone lesions were detected in her control MRI. The soft tissue mass was +misdiagnosed as liposarcoma in another center, and the bone lesions were +interpreted as metastasis. The hypocellularity and the indistinct vascular +pattern of the lesion were consistent with myxoma. The Jam-Shidi needle biopsies +of the osseous lesions were diagnosed as fibrous dysplasia. The recognition of +this entity is important for appropriate management of the patient. Patients with +soft tissue myxomas should be thoroughly examined for fibrous dysplasia. The +greater risk of sarcomatous transformation in fibrous dysplasia with Mazabraud's +syndrome should also be kept in mind. + +DOI: PAOR.2004.10.2.0121 +PMID: 15188030 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1397. Pathol Oncol Res. 2004;10(2):89-97. Epub 2004 Jun 9. + +Significantly decreased P27 expression in endometrial carcinoma compared to +complex hyperplasia with atypia (correlation with p53 expression). + +Ozkara SK(1), Corakci A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, 41400 Gebze, +Turkey. emrecan1999@yahoo.com + +P27 expression was examined on paraffin-embedded specimens in proliferative, +secretory, hyperplastic and neoplastic human endometrium by immunohistochemistry. +The results of p27 immunoreactivity in endometrial carcinomas were compared with +clinicopathological indicators as well as with p53 expression. Thirty-eight cases +of endometrial carcinoma, 30 normal functional (15 proliferative, 15 secretory), +24 hyperplastic endometrium (12 without atypia, 12 with atypia) specimens were +studied by using monoclonal p27 and p53 antibodies. The +streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase detection system was used and the intensity and +the distribution of immunoreactivity was evaluated semiquantitatively. p27 +expression was present both in the proliferative and secretory phases; the +expression being stronger in the secretory period. In complex hyperplasia with +atypia, p27 expression was even higher and it was significantly reduced in the +endometrial carcinoma group (p<0.05). No significant correlation was found +between p27 expression and any of the clinicopathologic prognostic parameters +(p>0.05). Nuclear p53 expression was detected in 13 (34.2%) patients with +endometrial carcinoma and was higher in non-endometrioid carcinomas and in tumors +with increasing FIGO grade (p<0.05). High expression of p53 was not found to be a +significant prognostic indicator of survival (p>0.05). No p53 expression was +detected in the endometria with proliferation, secretion or hyperplasia either +simple without atypia or complex with atypia. Surprisingly, tumors with +absent/low p27 expression showed absent/low p53 expression. Our data suggest that +p27 is necessary to control the proliferation of endometrium and its loss of +expression seems to play a role in some aspects of endometrial carcinogenesis. + +DOI: PAOR.2004.10.2.0089 +PMID: 15188025 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1398. Exp Mol Pathol. 2004 Jun;76(3):260-3. + +Estrogen receptor codon 594 and HER2 codon 655 polymorphisms and breast cancer +risk. + +Akisik E(1), Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, 34390 +Capa, Istanbul, Turkey. + +The estrogen receptor (ER) and the human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 +(HER2) genes have been implicated in the development and prognosis of breast +cancer. Several genetic polymorphic sites in these genes have been identified and +associated with the risk of breast cancer. We have investigated the association +between the estrogen receptor codon 594 (ACA to ACG) and HER2 codon 655 (ATC to +GTC) polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. Genomic DNA from breast cancer +patients and control subjects was analyzed by polymerase chain +reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). When allelic +frequencies of the ER codon 594 and HER2 codon 655 gene were compared, no +significant differences were observed between the patient and control groups. (P += 0.063, OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 0.25-9.41 and P = 0.949, OR = 1.01, 95% CI = +0.55-1.88, respectively). In conclusion, our results support the view that both +the ER codon 594 and HER2 codon 655 polymorphisms are not associated with +increased risk of breast cancer. + +DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2003.12.005 +PMID: 15126109 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1399. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2004 Mar;55(5):379-84. + +Protective effects of melatonin on the ionizing radiation induced DNA damage in +the rat brain. + +Undeger U(1), Giray B, Zorlu AF, Oge K, Baçaran N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe +University, Ankara, Turkey. + +Melatonin is an endogenously produced antioxidant with radioprotective actions +while ionizing radiation is a well-known cytotoxic and mutagenic agent of which +the biological results are attributable to its free radical producing effects. +The effect of melatonin on the DNA strand breakage and lipid peroxidation induced +by ionizing radiation in the rat brain were investigated in order to clarify its +radioprotective ability. The DNA strand breakage in rat brain exposed to 1000 cGy +ionizing radiation was assessed by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis and +the lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive +substances (TBARS) concentrations. A significant increase in DNA damage (p < +0.05) and TBARS concentrations (p < 0.01) was found in the radiation treated rat +brain. Pre-treatment of rats with intraperitoneal doses of 100 mg/kg melatonin +provided a significant decrease in the DNA strand breakage and lipid +peroxidation. Our results indicate that melatonin can protect brain cells from +oxidative damage induced by ionizing radiation. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00332 +PMID: 15088639 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1400. Acta Cytol. 2004 Mar-Apr;48(2):149-54. + +Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the parotid gland. Diagnostic problems and 2 +uncommon cases. + +Behzatoğlu K(1), Bahadir B, Kaplan HH, Yücel Z, Durak H, Bozkurt ER. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology, Social Insurance Institution Istanbul Educational +Hospital, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To describe the diagnostic problems and present our findings in 2 +uncommon tumors, malignant myoepithelioma and small cell undifferentiated +carcinoma, by examining fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies of parotid gland +masses. +STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 34 females and 41 males 12-80 years +old, with an average of 44. Excluding inflammatory results, all adequate +aspirates were confirmed histologically to determine the correlation. +RESULTS: Sensitivity of FNA cytology was 91%, with specificity of 98%. We +encountered some difficulties, and therefore misdiagnoses, in evaluating specific +neoplasms, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma and Warthin's tumor, which have +well-established cytologic diagnostic criteria. Two cases of uncommon neoplasms +of salivary glands, small cell undifferentiated carcinoma and malignant +myoepithelioma, were cytologically found to be malignant but not further +classified. In addition, tuberculous parotitis, with its well-defined features, +should to be referred since unnecessary surgery can be avoided by using FNA +cytology. +CONCLUSION: FNA is a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for parotid gland +masses. However, specific classification of neoplasms may sometimes be difficult. +Pathologists should be aware of specific entities, such as malignant +myoepithelioma, when evaluating high grade neoplasms. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326308 +PMID: 15085745 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1401. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2004 Mar;25(1):49-51. + +Evolution of forensic autopsy and current legal procedures in Turkey. + +Cagdir S(1), Celbis O, Engin Aydin N, Soysal Z. + +Author information: +(1)Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkey. + +The first documented forensic autopsy in Turkey was in 1843 during the Ottoman +period. In this article, the evolution and current legal procedures regarding +forensic autopsies with emphasis on current legal procedures following the +declaration of Turkish Republic in 1923 are delineated. + + +PMID: 15075689 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1402. Mod Pathol. 2004 Jul;17(7):857-60. + +Bacterial vaginosis: comparison of Pap smear and microbiological test results. + +Tokyol C(1), Aktepe OC, Cevrioğlu AS, Altindiş M, Dilek FH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, +Turkey. ctokyol@hotmail.com + +Our purpose was to determine the reliability of the Pap smear in making the +diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and to examine the characteristics of Pap smear +vs vaginal culture in diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis, with the vaginal Gram +stain used as the diagnostic standard. We performed a prospective, blinded study +involving 245 women who referred to the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics +in our hospital for routine genital examination between September 2001 and +September 2002. Exclusion criteria included vaginal bleeding and pregnancy. Each +patient had standard Pap smear, Gram-stained vaginal smear and culture of vaginal +swab. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative +predictive value, and diagnostic value of Pap smear and vaginal culture results +were determined with Gram stain used as the standard for diagnosis of bacterial +vaginosis. Using Gram stain diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis as the standard, Pap +smear and vaginal culture test results had sensitivity of 43.1 and 77.8%, +specificity of 93.6 and 97.7%, positive predictive value of 73.8 and 93.3%, +negative predictive value of 79.8 and 91.4%, diagnostic value of 78.8 and 91.8%, +respectively, for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Compared to the +microbiological test results, Pap smear is not sensitive enough for screening of +bacterial vaginosis. However, because of its high specificity, it may be an +adequate diagnostic criteria when it is positive. + +Copyright 2004 USCAP, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800132 +PMID: 15073605 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1403. Virchows Arch. 2004 Jun;444(6):536-41. Epub 2004 Apr 8. + +Differentiation pathways in duodenal and ampullary carcinomas: a comparative +study on mucin and trefoil peptide expression, including gastric and colon +carcinomas. + +Gürbüz Y(1), Klöppel G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Kocaeli, Turkey. + +Duodenal carcinomas, such as ampullary tumors, may be a heterogeneous group of +neoplasms that share differentiation features with gastric or colorectal +carcinomas. Because of the cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns of +mucins and trefoil peptides, these markers were used to investigate the +differentiation status of duodenal and ampullary carcinomas in comparison with +gastric and colorectal carcinomas. Adenocarcinomas (14 duodenal, 10 gastric, 11 +ampullary and 10 colorectal) were examined immunohistochemically for the mucin +gene products MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6 and the trefoil peptides TFF1 and TFF2. +The tumors' expression profile for MUC5AC, MUC6 and TFF1 was used to distinguish +between gastric- and intestinal-directed differentiation. The mucins that were +most often expressed in the individual tumor types were MUC1 (duodenal and +ampullary carcinomas), MUC2 (colorectal carcinomas) and MUC5AC (gastric +carcinomas). Further classification focusing on the expression profile for +MUC5AC, MUC6 and TFF1 revealed that 21% of the duodenal and 45% of the ampullary +carcinomas demonstrated mainly gastric differentiation (positivity for all three +markers or only two of them). The remaining duodenal and ampullary carcinomas +showed nongastric, i.e., intestinal differentiation (all three markers negative +or only one marker positive). The gastric differentiation pattern characterized +60% of gastric carcinomas. Colorectal carcinomas showed intestinal +differentiation in 100% of cases. Duodenal carcinomas have a heterogeneous mucin +expression pattern that is mainly related to either gastric differentiation or +intestinal differentiation. This also holds for ampullary carcinomas. Among the +markers used, MUC5AC, MUC6 and TFF1 are most useful for revealing differentiation +pathways in duodenal and ampullary carcinoma. + +Copyright 2004 Springer-Verlag + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-004-1008-2 +PMID: 15071739 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1404. Endocr Pathol. 2004 Spring;15(1):17-27. + +Analysis of Cox-2 and thromboxane synthase expression in pituitary adenomas and +carcinomas. + +Onguru O(1), Scheithauer BW, Kovacs K, Vidal S, Jin L, Zhang S, Ruebel KH, Lloyd +RV. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +Recent studies have examined the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expression in +normal pituitaries and pituitary adenomas and have suggested a role for Cox-2 in +the regulation of angiogenesis in the pituitary. Thromboxane synthase (TBXAS), +which catalyzes the synthesis of thromboxane A2, is one of the downstream enzymes +in Cox metabolism and appears to play a role in the regulation of invasiveness +and angiogenesis in some neoplasms. To analyze the role of Cox-2 and TBXAS in +pituitary tumor progression, we examined normal pituitaries (n = 8), pituitary +adenomas (n = 174), and pituitary carcinomas (n = 7) for expression of Cox-2 and +TBXAS by immunohistochemistry. Weak Cox-2 and moderate TBXAS expression was +present in normal pituitary cells. Most pituitary adenomas showed increased +expression of both Cox-2 and TBXAS. Pituitary tumors as a whole, but particularly +carcinomas, showed greater Cox-2 expression than did normal pituitaries. +Pituitary adenomas and carcinomas also showed greater staining for TBXAS when +compared to normal pituitary. Nonfunctional adenomas had significantly higher +levels of TBXAS expression compared to functional adenomas (p = 0.017). Adenomas +and carcinomas showed similar degrees of staining for TBXAS. In summary, TBXAS +appears to be one of the up-regulated downstream enzymes of Cox metabolism in +pituitary tumors. Both Cox-2 and TBXAS may play an important role in pituitary +tumor development and progression. + + +PMID: 15067173 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1405. J Cutan Pathol. 2004 May;31(5):401-5. + +Epithelioid sarcoma metastatic to the tongue: a rare entity. + +Ozdemir E(1), Kocyigit P, Bostanci S, Okcu-Heper A, Aksu D, Gurgey E. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ankara +University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. esindemirank@hotmail.com + +Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) typically arises as a firm nodule on the extremities of +young men. The tumor is remarkable for diagnostic difficulties both clinically +and histopathologically resulting in a high frequency of initial misdiagnosis. ES +is also known to have a high rate of recurrence and high rate of metastasis +predominantly to the lymph nodes, lungs, and scalp. Herein, the second case of ES +with metastasis to the tongue is reported. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2004.00213.x +PMID: 15059228 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1406. APMIS. 2004 Feb;112(2):119-22. + +Effect of thyroidectomy on the histology of rat sublingual gland. + +Oncu M(1), Kanter M, Gokcimen A, Kavakli D, Oncu M, Ural M, Karaoz E. + +Author information: +(1)Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and +Embryology, Isparta, Turkey. + +This study was carried out to investigate the effect of thyroidectomy on the +histology of rat sublingual gland. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats, aged 4 +weeks and weighing between 45-55 g, were used. The rats were divided into two +experimental groups (control and thyroidectomy), each containing 14 animals. +Total thyroidectomy of rats was performed under ether anesthesia in thyroidectomy +group. The rats in the control group were sham operated without having the +thyroidectomy. Seven rats randomly selected from both groups were fixed using the +perfusion fixation technique 2 and 6 weeks after thyroidectomy, and their +sublingual glands were harvested for histological investigation. No histological +difference was observed between the two groups 2 weeks after thyroidectomy. +However, 6 weeks after thyroidectomy considerable cytoplasmic vacuolization of +the epithelial cells of the mucous tubules was seen in the thyroidectomy group +compared to the controls. Enlargement of mucous tubules was also observed, and +the lumina in most of the tubules was quite dilated. In the stroma surrounding +the parenchymal tissues, increased lipid tissue mass was observed. In addition, +increased connective tissue mass and mononuclear cell infiltrations were evident. +Furthermore, the number of mast cells was significantly higher in the +thyroidectomy group than in the controls 6 weeks after thyroidectomy. It was +concluded that the thyroid gland and hormones might have an influence on the +histology of the sublingual gland. + +DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2004.apm1120206.x +PMID: 15056228 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1407. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2004 Mar-Apr;13(2):103-8. + +Changes in plasma levels of adhesion molecules after percutaneous mitral balloon +valvuloplasty. + +Yetkin E(1), Erbay AR, Turhan H, Balci M, Yetkin F, Yetkin G, Ileri M, Senen K, +Atak R, Cehreli S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiology, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya 44069, +Turkey. eryetkin@ttnet.net.tr + +BACKGROUND: Adhesion molecules are expressed on vascular endothelium and on +immune and inflammatory cells. Recently increased levels of adhesion molecules +have been shown in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. This study examined +the serum levels of the adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule 1 +(ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin in patients +with rheumatic mitral stenosis and the effects of percutaneous mitral balloon +valvuloplasty (PMBV) on these adhesion molecules. +MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty five patients (3 men, 32 women, mean age 39+/-5 +years) with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent percutaneous balloon +mitral valvuloplasty, and 35 age and sex matched healthy control subjects were +included in the study. Serum levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin were +measured in all patients who underwent PMBV and in all control subjects. Blood +samples were taken for measurement of adhesion molecules immediately before and +24 h after the mitral balloon valvuloplasty. +RESULTS: The plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin, ICAM-1 and +VCAM-1 were significantly elevated in patients with mitral stenosis compared to +control subjects: E-selectin, 97+/-59 vs. 45+/-24 ng/ml (P=.001), sICAM-1, +874+/-301 ng/ml vs. 238+/-82 ng/ml (P<.0001); sVCAM-1, 3056+/-763 ng/ml vs. +985+/-298 ng/ml (P<.0001). Plasma levels of VCAM-1 significantly increased 24 h +after the valvuloplasty procedure (3056+/-763 ng/ml vs. 3570+/-1225 ng/ml +P=.013). Plasma levels of E-selectin showed a significant decrease after PMBV +(97+/-59 vs. 70+/-58 ng/ml, P=.043) and plasma levels of ICAM-1 did not show any +change after PMBV (874+/-301 vs. 944+/-377 ng/ml, P=.356). +CONCLUSION: Cellular adhesion molecules, sICAM-1, E-selectin, sVCAM-1 have shown +changes in different directions in response to PMBV. These results necessitate +further studies to clarify the mechanism underlying the association between +adhesion molecules and PMBV as well as rheumatic mitral stenosis. + +DOI: 10.1016/S1054-8807(03)00128-5 +PMID: 15033160 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1408. Pathol Oncol Res. 2004;10(1):47-51. Epub 2004 Mar 18. + +Neuroendocrine differentiation in gastric adenocarcinomas; correlation with tumor +stage and expression of VEGF and p53. + +Eren F(1), Celikel C, Güllüoğlu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, +Turkey. fyeren@superonline.com + +Studies on neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in conventional gastric +adenocarcinomas and its significance on tumor behavior are limited. Our aim was +to search for the expression of neuroendocrine differentiation in conventional +gastric adenocarcinomas and correlate it with tumor type, stage and expression of +VEGF and p53. Forty-two gastrectomy specimens with gastric adenocarcinoma were +stained with chromogranin A to detect neuroendocrine differentiation and 45% of +the cases were found to be NED (+). No significant correlation was found between +NED and tumor type. However, NED was more frequent in advanced stage cases +independently of tumor type. VEGF expression was also considerably more frequent +in NED (+) tumors compared to NED (-) ones (84% vs. 56%). Moreover, we found a +significant correlation between NED and the presence of lymph node metastases. +P53 expression in NED (+) tumors was 68%. There was no significant correlation +between VEGF and p53 in NED (+) cases. In conclusion, neuroendocrine +differentiation is a frequent finding in conventional gastric adenocarcinomas, +and although it does not seem to play a specific role in tumor progression, it +seems that neuroendocrine cells are one of the factors contributing to +angiogenesis by expressing VEGF, especially in advanced stage cases, affecting +the incidence of lymph node metastases. Further studies with larger series should +be performed to confirm this observation. + +DOI: PAOR.2004.10.1.0047 +PMID: 15029262 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1409. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2004 May-Jun;7(3):268-72. Epub 2004 Mar 17. + +Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation type 4 and aneurysm of the vein of +Galen: a rare coincidence or possibly related association. + +Ozer E(1), Sanli A, Erbayraktar S, Ulukus C, Onen A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, +Inciralti, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. eozer@deu.edu.tr + +As far as the prognosis is concerned, it is important to diagnose the exact type +of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) in order to exclude +associated anomalies, as well as the risk of development of malignancies in later +life. The frequency of associated malformations of CCAM type 4 is unknown. We +report a 4-month-old boy with CCAM type 4 and aneurysmal malformation of the vein +of Galen (AVG). Although AVG is the most frequent arteriovenous malformation +during childhood, this is the first case report, to our knowledge, of CCAM type 4 +in association with an anomaly. In addition, we speculate that the relation +between CCAM type 4 and AVG appears to be more likely a possibly related +association rather than a rare coincidence, as both malformations develop at the +same stages of embryonic life, and pathogenetically, apoptosis play a significant +role in both entities. However, further studies are needed to validate this +speculation placing emphasis on the association of the two anomalies, otherwise a +rare coincidence cannot be excluded. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10024-003-2015-z +PMID: 15022074 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1410. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2004 May-Jun;7(3):258-61. Epub 2004 Mar 17. + +Case of large placental chorioangioma associated with diffuse neonatal +hemangiomatosis. + +Bakaris S(1), Karabiber H, Yuksel M, Parmaksiz G, Kiran H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, KSU Medical School, 46050, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. +sevgiba@superonline.com + +Chorioangioma is the most frequent nontrophoblastic tumor of the placenta with a +incidence ranging from 0.01 to 1.3%. Vascular anomalies of the placenta +coincidental with infantile hemangioendothelioma (IH) of the liver are rarely +described. Here we report a case of a large chorioangioma of the placenta +associated with cutaneous hemangiomatosis and IH of the liver. The relationship +between hemangiomas and placental chorioangioma is discussed. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10024-003-4042-1 +PMID: 15022059 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1411. Pathol Res Pract. 2003;199(12):803-9. + +Expression of IGR-IR and VEGF and trophoblastic proliferative activity in +placentas from pregnancies complicated by IUGR. + +Gurel D(1), Ozer E, Altunyurt S, Guclu S, Demir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is recognized as an important cause of low +birth weight and elective preterm delivery. IUGR is associated with multiple +causative factors, including placental dysfunction. The aim of this prospective +study was to investigate the role of trophoblastic proliferative activity and +type I insuline-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) and vascular endothelial +growth factor (VEGF) expressions in the pathogenesis of IUGR. +Immunohistochemistry using VEGF, IGF-IR, and Ki-67 antibodies was performed on +formalin-fixed placental tissues of third-trimester pregnancies complicated by +IUGR (n = 19) and pregnancies with appropriately grown fetuses (n = 27). In +addition, histopathological examination of the placentas was performed, and +histological findings were categorized into three groups: utero-placental +vascular pathologies (UPVP), coagulation-related pathologies, and chronic +inflammation. Statistical analysis revealed that villous trophoblastic IGF-IR +immunostaining was significantly weaker in placentas with IUGR (p < 0.001), +whereas trophoblastic Ki-67 proliferative index and VEGF immunoscoring did not +show any significant difference. Histologically, UPVP and chronic inflammation +were significant findings in placentas with IUGR (p = 0.04 and p = 0.04, +respectively). In addition, placentas were significantly smaller in the IUGR +group (p < 0.001). We conclude that villous trophoblastic IGF-IR expression may +play a significant role in the pathogenesis of IUGR, and histopathological +examination of placentas in pregnancies complicated by IUGR may yield significant +findings. In contrast, based on our findings, trophoblastic proliferation and +VEGF expression are unlikely to be significant parameters in the pathogenesis of +IUGR. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00499 +PMID: 14989492 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1412. Int J Surg Pathol. 2004 Jan;12(1):11-5. + +Tenascin C and cathepsin d expression in adipocytic tumors: an +immunohistochemical investigation of 43 cases. + +Sis B(1), Tuna B, Yorukoglu K, Kargi A. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Cathepsin D (CatD) and tenascin C (Tn-C) have been implicated in invasion and +metastasis of carcinomas. However, little is known about CatD and Tn-C +distribution in mesenchymal tumors. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the +expression of Tn-C and CatD in adipocytic tumors. Tn-C and CatD expressions in 27 +lipomas, 5 atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcomas (ALT/WDLS) +and 11 liposarcomas (LS) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and scored +semiquantitatively. CatD expression was higher in ALT/WDLS than in lipomas +(p<0.001), and higher in LS than in ALT/WDLS (p=0.009). Stromal Tn-C expression +was higher in ALT/WDLS than in lipomas (p=0.02), but no difference was observed +between ALT/WDLS and LS (p>0.05). These results indicate that Tn-C and CatD may +be markers of locally aggressive or malignant behavior in adipocytic tumors. + +DOI: 10.1177/106689690401200102 +PMID: 14765267 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1413. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2004 Jan-Feb;13(1):54-5. + +Coarctation of the aorta in the adult complicated by poststenotic fusiform +aneurysm. + +Koksal C(1), Ozcan V, Sarikaya S, Zengin M. + +Author information: +(1)Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Sureyyapasa Thoracic and Cardiovascular Disease +Hospital, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey. cengizkoksal@hotmail.com + +We describe a case of adult coarctation of the aorta, which presented unusually +as a poststenotic fusiform aneurysm in a 48-year-old female. She was normotensive +and had a history of back pain and palpitations. Under partial cardiopulmonary +bypass, the stenosis and the aneurysm were resected and replaced with a Dacron +tube graft. + +DOI: 10.1016/S1054-8807(03)00094-2 +PMID: 14761786 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1414. Cytopathology. 2004 Feb;15(1):2, 58-62. + +Educational case report - self-assessment. Three patients with unusual +metastases. + +Soyuer I(1), Soyuer S, Canöz O, Coşkun S, Balkanli S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, +Turkey. isinsoy@erciyes.edu.tr + + +PMID: 14748794 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1415. Histopathology. 2004 Jan;44(1):18-23. + +Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: high incidence of lymph node +metastasis with extranodal extension and its immunohistochemical profile compared +with invasive ductal carcinoma. + +Zekioglu O(1), Erhan Y, Ciris M, Bayramoglu H, Ozdemir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Medical Faculty, Izmir, Turkey. +ozeki@med.ege.edu.tr + +AIMS: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast is an aggressive and +distinctive variant of breast cancer. These tumours have a characteristic +histological appearance and have been associated with a high incidence of +axillary lymph node metastases and a poor clinical outcome. The aims of this +study were to investigate the immunohistochemical profile of invasive +micropapillary carcinoma of the breast, to compare it with invasive ductal +carcinoma, and to identify the morphological parameters which predict its poor +outcome. +METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-three (2.6%) invasive micropapillary carcinomas of the +breast from 2022 cases of infiltrating breast carcinomas were identified by +retrospective review. The patient age at presentation ranged from 33 to 78 years +(mean 52.5 years). The tumour size ranged from 5 to 70 mm (mean 27 mm). +Eighty-two percent (43 of 53) were of high histological grade; 69% (33 of 48) of +cases with axillary lymph node dissections had positive lymph nodes; and 75.5% +(40 of 53) had lymphatic invasion: 46% (22 of 48) of cases had extranodal +extension. Of lymph node-positive cases, 61% had four or more metastatic lymph +nodes. Of tumours with tumour size >10 mm, 77% had positive lymph nodes. The +percentages of cases positive for oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone +receptor (PR) were 68% and 61%, respectively. These values were significantly +higher than the values for invasive ductal carcinomas. p53 and c-erbB-2 were +detected in 48% and 54% of cases, respectively. The mean value of Ki67 was 26%. +Follow-up was available in 36 patients. Eight patients had local recurrences, +nine patients had distant metastases, and 10 patients died of disease within a +follow-up period of 9 years. +CONCLUSION: Lymphotropism and an unfavourable prognosis are the hallmarks of this +distinct entity. Prognostic markers such as ER, PR, p53, and c-erbB-2 failed to +provide new criteria to allow discrimination of these tumours from other breast +cancers. + + +PMID: 14717664 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1416. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2003 Nov;55(4):295-300. + +Subcutaneous undifferentiated sarcoma induced by N'-ethyl-N'-nitrosourea in rat: +radiology, histopathology and mutagenesis. + +Ozdemir O(1), Bardakci F, Eğilmez H, Eğilmez R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet +University, Sivas, Turkey. ozdemiro@cumhuriyet.edu.tr + +The aim of the present study was to investigate high dose and long-term effects +of a common industrial agent, N'-ethyl-N'-nitrosourea (ENU), on soft tissues in a +rat model. ENU, which was dissolved in polyethyleneglycol (PEG) was injected +intra-peritoneally once a week (300 mg/kg) in the first experimental group. The +second group received only PEG. The control group was free of any agent +administration. Only rats treated with ENU for a period of 45 weeks developed +large subcutaneous tumours (approximately 5-9 cm in size). Tumoral tissues were +examined radiologically, histopathologically and immunohistochemically. There was +no bone destruction beneath the soft tumoral tissues in direct X radiograms. +Computed tomographic (CT) images showed heterogeneous soft tissue masses with a +density ranging from 50 to 65 HU. Macroscopically, all tumors were circumscribed +with a gray-white surface in the cross-sections. The histopathological and +immunohistochemical examination of the subcutaneous tumoral tissues showed a +spindle cell type of sarcoma. Lymphatic and skeletal muscle invasion, atypical +mitoses and necroses were determined in all tumoral tissues in the experimental +group. A somatic point mutation was detected in exon 2 of KRAS oncogene in +sarcoma tissues using the single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) +analysis. In conclusion, the activated KRAS oncogene might contribute to the +progression of subcutaneous sarcoma in experimentally ENU induced rats due to +point mutation. + + +PMID: 14703776 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1417. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2003 Nov;55(4):271-6. + +Effects of intrarectal and intraperitoneal N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester +treatment in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid induced colitis in rats. + +Vardareli E(1), Dundar E, Angin K, Saricam T, Inal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, +Eskisehir, Turkey. + +Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with an increased generation +of nitric oxide (NO). Different authors have shown that NO in IBD can be either +harmful or protective. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of +intrarectal (i.r.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) application of +N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a non-specific nitric oxide synthase +inhibitor, in experimental acute colitis in the rats. Acute colitis was induced +in rats by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol. Twenty-eight +rats were divided into four groups. L-NAME (50 mg/kg/day) was administered i.p. +(Group 1) and i.r. (Group 2) for 7 days following the day when colitis was +induced. Group 3 rats were not given any treatment after induction of colitis. +Control group rats were given saline solution i.r. instead of TNBS. The presence +of hyperemia, inflammation and ulcer was evaluated to score of macroscopic +morphologic damage. The severity of colitis was assessed by microscopic criteria +including ulceration, mucus cell depletion, crypt abscesses, inflammatory cysts, +mucosal atrophy, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and vascular dilatation. +Rectal tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and serum-rectal tissue nitrite +levels were measured. Serum and rectal tissue nitrite levels increased in Group 3 +rats. Both i.p. and i.r. L-NAME treatment significantly reduced serum and rectal +tissue nitrite levels, but no effect on MPO activity and histologic damage score +was observed. Under the present conditions we concluded i.r. and i.p. L-NAME +treatment, applied at the dosage of 50 mg/kg/day, does not have any protective +effect on the colonic injury. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00324 +PMID: 14703773 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1418. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004 Jan;128(1):90-1. + +Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis: an unusual entity of the sinonasal tract. + +Onder S(1), Sungur A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. +sonder@hacettepe.edu.tr + +We present the case of a 45-year-old man who presented with medication-resistant +chronic bilateral nasal obstruction. The patient had no known history of allergy +or any other disease. Nasal septoplasty was performed to relieve his symptoms. +Histologically, thick collagen bundles were seen, characteristically whorling +around vessels in a fibrotic stroma. Inflammatory cells, rich in eosinophils, +were scattered throughout the lesion. No granulomas, necrosis, or vessel +destruction were present. A diagnosis of eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis was +made. This neoplasm, which has very characteristic histologic features, is a rare +entity of the sinonasal tract. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2004)128<90:EAF>2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 14692804 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1419. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2003 Jul-Aug;6(4):307-13. + +Immunohistochemical localization of endothelin-1 in human placenta from normal +and growth-restricted pregnancies. + +Erdem M(1), Erdem A, Erdem O, Yildirim G, Memis L, Himmetoğlu O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, +Bilkent 3 Konutlari Ufuk Sitesi, F3 Blok Daire 12, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey 06530. +erdemom@yahoo.com + +The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the localization of +endothelin-1 (ET-1) immunoreactivity differs in human placental tissues from +third-trimester normal and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pregnancies. +Immunohistochemistry for ET-1 was performed on human placentas from 30 IUGR and +30 uncomplicated pregnancies matched for gestational age. The distribution and +intensity of ET-1 immunoreactivity was assessed by a semiquantitative scoring +system. Doppler flow velocity waveform analysis of the umbilical artery was +performed in each patient before delivery. ET-1 was localized diffusely in +placental specimens from normal and IUGR pregnancies. The localization of ET-1 +immunoreactivity was significantly higher in the capillary endothelial cells of +villi as well as in the endothelial, decidual, and trophoblastic cells of the +basal plate in placentas from normal pregnancies than from IUGR pregnancies. +There was no significant difference in placental ET-1 immunoreactivity between +IUGR pregnancies with normal and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler flow velocity +waveforms. Placental ET-1 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in the +decidual and trophoblastic cells of the basal plate and the capillary endothelial +cells of villi in normal pregnancies than in IUGR pregnancies with normal +umbilical artery Doppler flow velocity waveforms. However, only the decidual and +trophoblastic cells of the basal plate demonstrated significantly higher abundant +localization of ET-1 immunoreactivity in normal pregnancies than in IUGR +pregnancies with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler flow velocity waveforms. In +conclusion, our findings suggest that the lower expression of ET-1 in placental +tissues from IUGR pregnancies might be secondary to an adaptive mechanism to +reduce the vasoconstrictor effect of ET-1. + + +PMID: 14692644 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1420. Pathol Oncol Res. 2003;9(4):242-5. Epub 2003 Dec 22. + +Synovial sarcoma: a rare tumor of larynx. + +Bilgic B(1), Mete O, Oztürk SA, Demiryont M, Keles N, Basaran M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, 34390 Istanbul, Turkey. +eminbilgic@superonline.com + +Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue sarcoma of unknown histogenesis and occurs +predominantly in the lower extremities of young adults. The head and neck is a +relative rare location. There are about 10 cases with laryngeal localization in +the literature. We present a 24 year-old male with an endolaryngeal mass. +Incisional biopsy and the hemilaryngectomy material revealed a biphasic synovial +sarcoma. One year later a local recurrence occurred. Tumor excision and neck +dissection were performed. Radiotherapy was added. Six months later lung +metastases was discovered on thoracic CT. The patient received chemotherapy for 6 +courses. The metastases responded well to chemotherapy and the patient is now +alive without tumor on radiological and clinical examination after 3.5 years of +follow-up. + +DOI: PAOR.2003.9.4.0242 +PMID: 14688831 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1421. Acta Cytol. 2003 Nov-Dec;47(6):1023-7. + +Sputum cytology for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Comparison of smear and +modified cell block methods. + +Erkiliç S(1), Ozsaraç C, Küllü S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, +Turkey. serk52@yahoo.com + +OBJECTIVE: To compare the sputum smear cytology and cell block methods for +specimen adequacy, cytology quality and diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of +lung cancer. +STUDY DESIGN: We assessed 2,524 sputum specimens from 768 patients. The specimens +were prepared as smears and cell blocks for cytopathologic examination between +March 1, 1992, and December 31, 1998. The smear and cell block slides were +evaluated both separately and together, and the results were compared with +radiologic and histopathologic diagnoses. +RESULTS: The sensitivity of the smear method was 69.4% and specificity was 99.5%. +The sensitivity of the cell block method was 84.4% and specificity, 100%. The +sensitivity of the smear and cell block together was 87.6% and specificity, +99.5%. +CONCLUSION: The cell block method increases the sensitivity and specificity of +sputum cytology, and when smear and cell block slides are evaluated together, +sensitivity reaches its highest value. Therefore, application of smear and cell +block methods together seems most useful in the diagnosis of lung cancer. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326639 +PMID: 14674072 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1422. Clin Neuropathol. 2003 Nov-Dec;22(6):266-72. + +DNA ploidy and nuclear morphometry in adult intracranial ependymomas. + +Onguru O(1), Ulutin C, Celasun B, Gunhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Medical Military Academy, School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. onguruo@yahoo.com + +The identification of prognostic parameters in ependymomas remains an important +but controversial issue in particular to the significance of histopathological +features. Intracranial location is a rare presentation for adult ependymomas. DNA +ploidy status and nuclear morphometric features of ependymomas are not +well-established. We retrospectively studied the clinicopathologic features of 12 +adult intracranial ependymomas and performed image cytometric DNA analysis with +nuclear morphometry. The overall survival rate was 75%. Two cases were anaplastic +ependymomas. Statistically, histology failed to demonstrate a correlation with +clinical outcome or overall survival. DNA ploidy (p = 0.033), DNA index (p = +0.016) and 5c exceeding rate (p = 0.017) were statistically correlated with +clinical outcome, but not correlated with overall survival. Nuclear morphometric +features measured using 3 different data selection methods were not correlated +with clinical outcome or overall survival. It is difficult to identify prognostic +factors in a series of cases with limited number. The problem is complicated by +the fact that the common criteria used for recognizing malignancy in gliomas are +not completely reliable in ependymomas. Nuclear morphometric findings support the +general impression that ependymomas are morphologically highly variable tumors. +In spite of the small sample size of our series and other factors influencing +survival such as the extent of resection and malignant histology, aneuploidy can +be suggested as a promising factor, which may reflect potential aggressiveness of +the tumor in adult intracranial ependymomas. + + +PMID: 14672504 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1423. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2003 Dec;24(4):339-45. + +The correlation between skull fractures and intracranial lesions due to traffic +accidents. + +Yavuz MS(1), Asirdizer M, Cetin G, Günay Balci Y, Altinkok M. + +Author information: +(1)Section of Forensic Medicine of the Medical Faculty of Suleyman Demirel +University, Isparta, Turkey. + +In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between skull +fractures and intracranial lesions following head injury. For this purpose, 500 +cases, which were referred to the Third Committee of Council of Forensic Medicine +in Istanbul due to traffic accidents by the courts of laws between 1998 and 2000, +were examined retrospectively. They were categorized in 3 groups based on +findings of their cranium x-rays and brain tomographies. 1- The cases who have +fractures in skull bones with brain lesions 2- The cases who have fractures in +skull bones with no brain lesions 3- The cases who have brain lesions with no +skull fractures. They were examined in detail according to age, sex, localization +of skull fractures and brain lesions, and if surgery was applied or not. Of the +cases, 152 (30.4%) had only linear fractures, 69 (13.8%) had depressed fractures, +92 (18.4%) had linear fractures plus intracranial lesions, 49 (9.8%) had +depressed fractures plus intracranial lesions and 138 (27.6%) had only +intracranial lesions. The rate of intracranial lesion among the cases with the +skull fracture was 38.9% (141/362), while the rate of skull fracture among the +cases with the intracranial lesion was 50.3% (141/279) (P < 0.001). Male to +female ratios were 2.4/1 for linear fractures, 5.2/1 for depressed fractures, and +3.5/1 for intracranial lesions. Linear fractures were more frequent among females +whereas depressed fractures were often among males (chi2: 9.68, df: 4, p: 0.046). +The mean age was 26.3. The rate of depressed fractures was higher the age groups +of 0-30 years. (chi2: 16.28, df: 4, p: 0.003). Depressed fractures in the regions +of frontal and parietal and, linear fracture in the regions of temporal and +occipital were found at higher rates (P < 0.001). In conclusion, we reviewed +skull fractures and/or intracranial lesions due to traffic accidents, and found +depressed fractures to be more common among males whereas linear fractures to be +more common among females and young males. In the male, the skull architecture is +thicker and stronger than females and young males. We can state that presence of +skull fractures lowers the incidence of intracranial lesions by lowering the +intracranial pressure. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.paf.0000103011.14578.c3 +PMID: 14634472 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1424. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2003 Sep;55(2-3):213-20. + +The effects of sodium phosphate and polyethylene glycol-electrolyte bowel +preparation solutions on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in +the rat. + +Erdogan B(1), Isiksoy S, Dundar E, Pasaoglu O, Bal C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, +Turkey. + +The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of sodium phosphate (NaP) +and polyethylene glycol-electrolyte (PEG-EL) colon cleansing solutions on +histopathology of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol +(E)-induced colitis in the rat and normal rat colon. The presence of hyperemia, +inflammation and ulcer was evaluated to score of macroscopic morphologic damage. +The microscopic criteria including ulceration, mucus cell depletion, crypt +abscesses, inflammatory cysts, mucosal atrophy, edema, inflammatory cell +infiltration, and vascular dilatation were evaluated to determine the extent of +inflammatory reaction. Colitis findings were determined on the rats which were +administered TNBS-E. Aphthoid lesions were seen 30% and 20 % of rats, +respectively, by NaP and PEG-EL solutions in healthy group. Microscopic +examination of aphthoid lesions revealed edema within the lamina propria and +lymphoid hyperplasia in the mucosa and submucosa without erosion, ulceration and +inflammatory cell infiltration. No significant difference was statistically found +either macroscopically or microscopically in terms of the effects of saline, NaP +and PEG-EL solutions in healthy rats and rats with colitis (p > .05). Under the +present conditions, we concluded administration of NaP and PEG-EL solutions did +not cause evident morphological changes on the rectal mucosa macroscopically and +microscopically, although in a proportion of rats aphthoid lesions seem as a +marker of mucosal damage macroscopically. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00318 +PMID: 14620544 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1425. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2003 Sep;55(2-3):159-66. + +Anti-fibrogenic effects of captopril and candesartan cilexetil on the hepatic +fibrosis development in rat. The effect of AT1-R blocker on the hepatic fibrosis. + +Tuncer I(1), Ozbek H, Ugras S, Bayram I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty, Van, +Turkey. iltuncer@yahoo.com + +BACKGROUND/AIM: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II (AT-II) +have been suggested to play an important role in liver fibrogenesis. There is a +significant relationship between inheritance of hightened expression of +transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and AT-II and the development of +progressive hepatic fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the +effects of captopril, an ACE inhibitor and candesartan cilexetil, an AT-II type 1 +receptor (AT1-R) blocker, on liver fibrosis induced in rats by carbon +tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. +METHODS: rats were divided into 4 experimental groups: The first group was given +CCl4 alone; the second was given both CCl4 and captopril (100 mg x kg(-1) x +day(-1)); the third was given both CCl4 and candesartan cilexetil (8 mg x kg(-1) +x day(-1)); fourth group was given 0.9% NaCl only. Seven weeks after initiating +the treatment, indices of fibrosis were assessed. +RESULTS: Candesartan cilexetil treatment significantly reduced the fibrosis +development. These inhibitory effects were not observed in the captopril-treated +group. The mean fibrosis score was significantly lower in the CCl4/candesartan +group compared with the group applied to CCl4 alone and the group applied to +CCl4/captopril. Similarly, the number of alpha-smooth muscle actin positive cells +was markedly suppressed by candesartan treatment. +CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that AT-II plays a pivotal role in hepatic +fibrogenesis and candesartan significantly attenuates the progression of liver +fibrosis. This drug may provide an effective new strategy for prevention of liver +fibrosis. Its effectiveness should be investigated in chronic liver disease +associated with progressive fibrosis. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00309 +PMID: 14620537 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1426. Neuropathology. 2003 Sep;23(3):214-8. + +Pilocytic astrocytoma of neurohypophysis. + +Reís A(1), Kuzeylí K, Cobanoğlu U, Cakir E, Usul H, Sari A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, +Trabzon, Turkey. + +A case of pilocytic astrocytoma of neurohypophysis is presented. The clinical, +pathological and MRI features of a rare tumor of the neurohypophysis are +described. A 5-year-old girl presented with a 3 month history of lethargy, +imbalance and visual disturbances. A MRI revealed a large suprasellar mass. +Histopathological examination demonstrated a pilocytic astrocytoma. Its +astrocytic nature was confirmed by positive immunostaining for GFAP and the +findings of an electron microscopy. + + +PMID: 14570290 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1427. Virchows Arch. 2003 Dec;443(6):734-40. Epub 2003 Oct 8. + +Reproducibility of the 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of +Urologic Pathology classification of papillary urothelial neoplasms of the +urinary bladder. + +Yorukoglu K(1), Tuna B, Dikicioglu E, Duzcan E, Isisag A, Sen S, Mungan U, +Kirkali Z. + +Author information: +(1)School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 +Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. kutsal.yorukoglu@deu.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the diagnostic agreement and intra- and +inter-observer reproducibility of the World Health Organization/International +Society of Urologic Pathology Consensus Classification of Urothelial Neoplasms +(1998 WHO/ISUP classification) and the 1973 WHO classification. +METHODS: A teaching set with 5 slides of each papillary neoplasm of low malignant +potential, low-grade papillary carcinoma, high-grade papillary carcinoma, and a +guideline, as well as a study set of 30 slides containing ten cases of each +category, were sent to participants. Six pathologists expert in urological +pathology reviewed the 30 slides of non-invasive papillary urothelial tumors in +the study set. Diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility were evaluated using +intra- and inter-rater techniques (kappa statistic). +RESULTS: A moderate to substantial intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was +achieved for both the 1998 WHO/ISUP and 1973 WHO classification. The results of +the two classification systems were not different statistically ( P>0.05). +Reproducibility was lower in low-grade tumors for both classifications. +CONCLUSIONS: The new proposed classification system for non-invasive urothelial +neoplasms does not increase the reproducibility. There is still a need for +uniformity in grading in order to compare the different studies and therapies and +to provide more accurate information for management. + +DOI: 10.1007/s00428-003-0905-0 +PMID: 14534785 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1428. Pathol Oncol Res. 2003;9(3):201-5. Epub 2003 Oct 7. + +Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type +1. + +Bilgic B(1), Ates LE, Demiryont M, Ozger H, Dizdar Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medicine Faculty, Capa, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +We report 4 cases of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) with +neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Mean age was 29.5. Two of them had a family +history. Three of them were male. All of them had enlarging mass and pain in the +background of neurofibromas. Locations were popliteal, thigh and forearm. The +masses were greater than 5 cm in diameter in each case. In two cases the mass was +showing continuity with a nerve. One patient had a nonossifying fibroma as well +as a MPNST. Wide excision and radiotherapy were applied to three of the patients. +One of them did not take any therapy after surgical resection. Two of the +patients died of lung metastases after a mean period of 12.5 months. In a +majority of NF1 patients MPNST emerges from a preexisting neurofibroma. The +patients with NF1 are at greatest risk for developing sarcomas, so they should be +followed closely. + +DOI: PAOR.2003.9.3.0201 +PMID: 14530818 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1429. Pathol Oncol Res. 2003;9(3):196-7. Epub 2003 Oct 7. + +Vulvar syringoma aggravated by pregnancy. + +Bal N(1), Aslan E, Kayaselcuk F, Tarim E, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana +Teaching and Medical Research Center, Adana, Turkey. nebilbal@yahoo.com + +Syringoma is a benign tumors of eccrine sweat gland. They appear as multiple, +tiny, firm, skin-colored papules. Vulvar involvement of syringoma is rare. Only +24 cases with vulvar syringoma have been previously reported in the literature. +The majority of patients with vulvar syringomas are asymptomatic. A case of +syringoma of the vulva exacerbated during pregnancy is presented. The case +appears remarkable for the experienced aggravated pruritic symptoms of the +patient during her pregnancy. + +DOI: PAOR.2003.9.3.0196 +PMID: 14530816 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1430. Pathol Res Pract. 2003;199(7):489-92. + +Carcinosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with +nephrolithiasis: a case report of each tumor type. + +Kayaselçuk F(1), Bal N, Guvel S, Egilmez T, Kilinc F, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana +Teaching and Medical Research Center, Yüreğir, Turkey. +faziletks@baskent-adn.edu.tr + +Both squamous cell carcinoma and carcinosarcoma of the renal pelvis are uncommon. +We report on two cases, one carcinosarcoma and one squamous cell carcinoma of the +renal pelvis. In the patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the left kidney, the +tumor was neither detectable on preoperative radiological evaluation nor grossly +visible in the surgical specimen. This patient, a 56-year-old man, presented with +left lumbar pain, hematuria, fever, 4-5 kg weight loss, and untreated +nephrolithiasis of the left kidney that had been diagnosed 20 years earlier. The +second patient, an 87-year-old woman, also had a long history of left kidney +nephrolithiasis and presented with left lumbar pain and hematuria. Both patients +underwent nephrectomy for removal of the non-functioning hydronephrotic left +kidney. In both cases, microscopic examination of the surgical specimen revealed +squamous metaplasia and dysplasia in the pelvicalyceal mucosa, and islands of +atypical squamous cells in the renal parenchyma. In the second case, the kidney +also showed sarcomatous changes in the pelvis. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00451 +PMID: 14521266 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1431. Pathol Res Pract. 2003;199(7):463-8. + +Neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN): a new tool in the diagnosis of central +neurocytoma. + +Soylemezoglu F(1), Onder S, Tezel GG, Berker M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. fsoyleme@hacettepe.edu.tr + +The use of neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) as a reliable neuronal marker in the +differential diagnosis of clear cell neoplasms of the central nervous system was +determined in a biopsy series of 23 cases. Immunohistochemical analyses were +carried out by antisera against neuronal nuclear antigen, synaptophysin, +neuron-specific enolase, microtubule-associated protein 2, and glial fibrillary +acidic protein. All eight central neurocytomas were characteristically +immunolabeled by NeuN. NeuN immunoreactivity was uniformly strong and basically +located in the nuclei of neurocytes. Despite this uniform staining pattern of +central neurocytomas, 12 cases of oligodendrogliomas and three cases of +ependymoma were negative for NeuN. As the diagnostic criteria for central +neurocytoma include immunohistochemical and/or ultrastructural evidence for +neuronal differentiation, NeuN as a sensitive and specific neuronal marker in +formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues may greatly facilitate the differential +diagnosis of central neurocytomas. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00446 +PMID: 14521262 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1432. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2003 Jul-Sep;17(3):139-45. + +Risk factors for Alzheimer disease: a population-based case-control study in +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Harmanci H(1), Emre M, Gurvit H, Bilgic B, Hanagasi H, Gurol E, Sahin H, Tinaz S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Public Health, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul +University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Comment in + Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2003 Jul-Sep;17(3):137-8. + +The objective is to study risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD) in Istanbul, +Turkey. This is a population-based case-control study. We screened people over +age 70 in the community for cognitive impairment. The screen positives and a +proportion of screen negatives underwent neurologic examination in the second +phase. Cases were 57 "probable" AD patients and controls were 127 cognitively +normal individuals identified by neurologic examination. Odds ratios (OR) were +calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Having a +university/college degree had a protective effect on AD risk (OR = 0.10, 95% +confidence interval [CI] = 0.02-0.50). Exposure to occupational electromagnetic +field had an OR of 4.02 (95% CI = 1.02-15.78). Use of electricity for residential +heating also showed elevated risk (OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.12-6.85). Our results +suggest that having a higher education is protective from AD and that +electromagnetic field exposure at work or at home is a significant risk factor. + + +PMID: 14512826 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1433. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2003 Sep-Oct;12(5):290-2. + +Primary benign schwannoma of the heart. + +Sirlak M(1), Uymaz OK, Taşoz R, Erden E, Ozyurda U, Akalin H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara University Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. drsirlak@hotmail.com + +We report herein a case of a 61-year-old woman who was found to have a mass +adjacent to the left atrium. The tumor was resected giving least damage to the +left atrium on cardiopulmonary bypass with a subsequent histological diagnosis of +a schwannoma. Neurogenic tumors comprise 10% to 34% of mediastinal tumors. Nerve +sheath tumors are more common in adults than in children, and these are equally +malignant in children and adults. Nerve sheath tumors of the heart are extremely +rare. Although there are many malignant cardiac neurilemomas reported, only a few +cases of benign schwannomas have been reported. We describe a rare primary benign +schwannoma of the left atrium. + + +PMID: 14507580 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1434. Diagn Cytopathol. 2003 Sep;29(3):156-9. + +Review of cytologic criteria of bacterial vaginosis: examination of 2,841 +Papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears. + +Demirezen S(1). + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, 06532 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey. +sayeste@hacettepe.edu.tr + +To review the cytologic criteria used in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis +cases [Bv (+)], 2,841 Papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears were examined +cytologically. Clue cells and other cytologic findings were observed in 94 of +2,841 (3.30%) vaginal smears. To detect Bv(+) cases, 94 vaginal smears were +screened again. Clue cells, profuse free cocci among cornified type epithelial +cells, absence of PMNLs, and vaginal Lactobacilli were detected in 43 of 94 +(45.74%). The observation of free cocci which resembled a nebulous appearance was +detected first in this study. These four cytologic criteria strongly suggested +Bv(+) cases (n = 43). Although clue cells were seen in 51 of 94 (54.25%) vaginal +smears, due to the presence of abundant PMNLs, metaplastic cells, vaginal +Lactobacilli, and some infectious agents, mainly Trichomonas vaginalis and +yeasts, they were considered bacterial vaginosis negative [Bv(-)]. It was +postulated that 51 vaginal smears might be aerobic vaginitis. In conclusion, if +vaginal smears contain profuse PMNLs, some infectious agents, and metaplastic +cells, and even clue cells have been observed they are not accepted as Bv(+) +cases. + +Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.10343 +PMID: 12951684 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1435. Vet Pathol. 2003 Sep;40(5):582-6. + +Angiokeratomatous papilloma associated with papillomavirus in a calf. + +Gulbahar MY(1), Yuksel H, Aslan L. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Yuzuncu +Yil, Zeve Kampusu, 65080 Van, Turkey. mygulbahar@hotmail.com + +A female 8-month-old Simmental calf was presented with a history of a gradually +enlarging mass in the ventral abdominal skin since 4 months of age. The mass was +well circumscribed, lightly pigmented, and rough surfaced with many fine fissures +and was attached to the skin by a relatively broad pedicle. On cut section, there +was a border between the reddish-black stroma and overlying epithelium, including +hemorrhagic foci of variable sizes. Histologically, the tumor was papillomatous +with angiokeratomatous features and irregular hyperplasia with epidermal rete +ridges and dilated vascular channels filled with blood in the superficial dermis. +In the epidermis, orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, variably sized keratohyalin +granules, and many koilocytes, some of which had papillomavirus (PV) +genus-specific structural antigen-positive nuclei, were also observed. Cells +lining the dilated vascular spaces were positive for vimentin and alpha-smooth +muscle actin but negative for factor VIII-related antigen, desmin, and PV. The +lesion was regarded as an angiokeratomatous papilloma and was similar to other +angiomatous lesions. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.40-5-582 +PMID: 12949419 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1436. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003 Sep;127(9):e382-4. + +Supratentorial hemangioblastoma: a case report and review of the literature. + +Acikalin MF(1), Oner U, Tel N, Paşaoğlu O, Altinel F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, +Turkey. macikalin@ogu.edu.tr + +Central nervous system hemangioblastoma is a histologically benign tumor that +usually occurs in the cerebellum. Supratentorial hemangioblastomas are +exceedingly rare tumors. We present a case of cerebral hemangioblastoma, review +the literature on supratentorial hemangioblastoma, and discuss the histologic +characteristics and diagnostic difficulties associated with such lesions. + +DOI: 10.1043/1543-2165(2003)1272.0.CO;2 +PMID: 12946211 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1437. Acta Cytol. 2003 Jul-Aug;47(4):581-9. + +Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by fine needle aspiration cytology. +Cellular features. + +Soyuer I(1), Ekinci C, Kaya M, Genç Y, Bahar K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Clinical Cytopathology, Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. isinsoy@erciyes.edu + +OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) +in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). +STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed 17 cytologic and 5 architectural features in a series +of 320 FNACs from HCC and compared them with 73 FNACs from benign lesions and +with 705 FNACs from metastatic carcinomas. One thousand ninety-eight patients who +were diagnosed by liver FNAC between December 1988 and July 1998 and had adequate +follow-up were included in the study. The specimens were evaluated according to +the presence or absence of the cytologic features and cellular arrangement. A +stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed on the data to determine the +variables predictive of HCC. +RESULTS: Multinucleated tumor giant cells, cytoplasmic hyaline and central +sinusoidal pattern were selected as the 3 most predictive parameters for +differentiated reactive hepatocytes from HCC (P < .0001), while bile, centrally +located nucleus in an atypical cell and intranuclear inclusion were selected as +the 3 most predictive parameters for differentiated metastatic carcinoma from HCC +(P < .0001-< .001) by stepwise logistic regression analysis. +CONCLUSION: In the 1,098 patients suspected of having hepatic malignancy, a +correct diagnosis was made by a combination of the above features. The +sensitivity of this procedure for hepatic malignancy was 99.5%, and the +specificity was 100%. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326572 +PMID: 12920750 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1438. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2003 Aug;7(4):254-8. + +Multiple melanotic schwannoma. + +Culhaci N(1), Dikicioĝlu E, Meteoğlu I, Boylu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Mederes University, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin, +Turkey. + +Melanotic schwannoma is a rare pigmented neural tumor most commonly occurring in +the paraspinal region. In a small minority of instances, melanotic schwannoma may +have multiple nodules. Here, a 52-year-old woman is presented with multiple +melanotic schwannomas of paraspinal region. + + +PMID: 12913850 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1439. Clin Neuropathol. 2003 Jul-Aug;22(4):204-8. + +Distal muscular dystrophy of the Miyoshi type. + +Yildiz H(1), Emre U, Coskun O, Ergün U, Atasoy HT, Inan LE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, Ministry of Health, Ankara Research Hospital, Ankara, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Miyoshi myopathy is an autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy. It is +characterized by distal muscle involvement, especially the gastrocnemius and +soleus. The disease starts with weakness and atrophy of the calves. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: Here we report on 2 patients, brother and sister, from a +Turkish family. Onset of the disease was at the age of 20 and 26 years of age, +respectively. In both siblings, there was an early and predominant involvement of +the distal muscles of the lower limbs. Creatine kinase activity was elevated 50- +to 100-fold above normal values. +RESULTS: Electromyography revealed a myopathic pattern. Histology of the biceps +muscles indicated some myopathic changes consistent with muscular dystrophy. +Occurrence in only these 2 siblings with no other family members was indicative +of an autosomal recessive inheritance. +CONCLUSIONS: We describe the distinctive clinical features in 2 siblings of a +Turkish family with MM as differential diagnosis and histological change. + + +PMID: 12908758 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1440. Pathol Res Pract. 2003;199(5):323-8. + +Expression of p53 and mdm2 and their significance in recurrence of superficial +bladder cancer. + +Tuna B(1), Yörükoğlu K, Tüzel E, Güray M, Mungan U, Kirkali Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Inciralti, +Izmir, Turkey. burcin.tuna@deu.edu.tr + +The purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of p53 and mdm2 and to +determine whether they may be used as additional predictors of recurrence in +superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Paraffin sections of 80 +patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, who were +treated with transurethral resection, were stained with p53 and mdm2 antibodies +using the standard avidin biotin immunoperoxidase method. Nuclear staining for +both p53 and mdm2 was calculated as the percentage of labeled nuclei out of a +total number of tumor cells counted. The percentage of p53- and mdm2-positive +cells showed a significant relationship with tumor grade and recurrence (p = +0.002 and p = 0.016; p = 0.01 and p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, a weak +inverse relationship was found between p53 and mdm2 values (r = -0.184). p53 and +mdm2 reactivities are valuable parameters in predicting recurrence in superficial +bladder cancer. Thus, mdm2 expression appears to play a role in predicting +biologic behavior in superficial transitional carcinoma of the bladder. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00424 +PMID: 12908522 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1441. Folia Neuropathol. 2003;41(2):119-21. + +The phrenic ganglion in man. + +Uzun A(1), Sahin B, Ulcay T, Bilgic S. + +Author information: +(1)Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Samsun, +Turkey. auzun@omu.edu.tr + +During educational dissections we observed a phrenic ganglion on the nerve of the +phrenic artery originating from the upper pole of the right coeliac ganglion, +which accompanied the right inferior phrenic artery on a female cadaver at the +age of 34. In our case the left coeliac ganglion, the inferior phrenic artery, +the right and left greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves were present and +normal. However, the left nerve of the phrenic artery and the phrenic ganglion +were absent. We consider that this rarely reported neural formation may be of +importance for anatomists and clinicians. + + +PMID: 12899205 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1442. Pathol Int. 2003 Aug;53(8):534-8. + +Diagnosis of renal amyloidosis using Congo red fluorescence. + +Sen S(1), Başdemir G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Medical School, Bornova, Izmir, +Turkey. saitsen@med.ege.edu.tr + +Early diagnosis and classification of amyloid deposition and differentiation from +other glomerular fibrillar deposits relies on routine Congo red (CR) +histochemistry. Congo red fluorescence (CRF) is an alternative method based on +examination of the CR-stained section by ultraviolet (UV) light. The aim of this +study is to investigate the usefulness of CRF, especially when applied to frozen +kidney sections. Congo red fluorescence was applied to sections of frozen kidney +biopsies prospectively and to paraffin sections retrospectively. The findings of +CRF were compared to CR staining in bright light. Prospectively, 15 cases of +amyloidosis were diagnosed on frozen sections and identical CR staining was found +in all of the paraffin-stained sections. There were no false positives or +negatives. Retrospectively, 146 renal biopsies previously stained with CR were +re-evaluated with CRF. Eighty-seven CR positive cases were confirmed by CRF, and +one new case was identified. Congo red fluorescence is simple to perform and more +pronounced, therefore easier to evaluate than CR in bright light. Congo red, when +combined with immunohistochemistry, is still visible under UV whereas CR is +masked in bright light. Although not widely used, the CRF method for detecting +amyloid is simple to use with a high specificity and sensitivity, and may be +applied successfully to frozen sections. + + +PMID: 12895232 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1443. Cytopathology. 2003 Aug;14(4):223-4. + +Liesegang rings in a fine needle aspirate from a breast cyst. + +Sis B(1), Canda T, Harmancioglu O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. banu.sis@deu.edu.tr + + +PMID: 12873318 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1444. J Cutan Pathol. 2003 Aug;30(7):430-6. + +The reliability of long-term storage of direct immunofluorescent staining slides +at room temperature. + +Dikicioglu E(1), Meteoglu I, Okyay P, Culhaci N, Kacar F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Adnan Menderes University, 09100 +Aydin, Turkey. emeldikici@ixir.com + +BACKGROUND: Long-term preservation of immunofluorescence is important for +re-examinations. We investigated whether the storage of direct immunofluorescent +(DIF)-positive slides at room temperature was reliable in daily practice. +METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five DIF-positive slides from the skin of 52 +patients were evaluated. Sections were examined for the presence of +immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, IgM, C3, and fibrinogen using fluorescein +isothiocyanate-conjugated antisera and mounted with a ready-to-use permanent +mounting medium containing an antifading reagent and sodium azide (DAKO, +Glostrup, Denmark, S3023). The slides were stored at room temperature for 16-24 +months. Changes in diagnostic pattern, fluorescence intensity, and the form and +location of accumulation of immunoreactants and technical deformation were +investigated. +RESULTS: Over the entire observation period, 49.6% of the slides faded away; the +median length of survival was 16 months. Before 12 months, the survival rate of +slides was 92.0%, whereas after 20 months it was 28.0%. In the early faded +slides, which faded away before 16 months following the first examination, C3 and +IgA were the most frequently observed immunoreactants. The technical deformations +did not prevent the diagnosis. +CONCLUSIONS: The preservation of fluorescence in DIF-positive slides using +mounting media with an antifading reagent is possible for 2 years at room +temperature. However, in daily practice, storage for longer than 11 months +prevents a reliable diagnosis. + + +PMID: 12859740 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1445. Pathol Oncol Res. 2003;9(2):100-3. Epub 2003 Jul 14. + +Is Nothingham Prognostic Index correlated with apoptosis and p53 expression in +infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast? + +Cengiz-Boduroglu E(1), Irkkan C, Bilir G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Oncology Hospital, 06530 Ankara, Turkey. +ebodur@ada.net.tr + +The role of p53 as a prognostic factor is not clear. P53 named as "guardian of +the genome" plays an important role in many intracellular regulatory systems, one +of which is apoptosis, having an impact on tumor kinetics. A retrospective study +was undertaken to assess the relationship of the Nothingham Prognostic Index +(NPI) to p53 expression and apoptotic cell counts. To conduct the study, 160 +successive cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast were included. +P53 was assessed on AP-AAP stained sections. Apoptotic cell counting (ACC) was +done on the HE stained routine sections in 10 HPFs. Clinical data were derived +from the hospital files. Apoptotic cell counts were higher in the p53 positive +group but the difference was not significant (p=0.079). P53 positivity was found +to be related to the disease-free survival (DFS) (p=0.008). NPI was significantly +higher in apoptotic cell containing group (p=0.006). There was a positive linear +correlation between ACC and NPI scores (p=0.004). This correlation was not +present between apoptosis and disease free survival. P53 expression was found to +be related with DFS but not with the NPI which is a score composed of the best +prognostic indicators known today. In contrast to this, ACC was found to be +closely and linearly associated to the known prognostic factors. This may suggest +that the apoptotic cell counts done on routine sections may be used as a part of +prognosis assessment in infiltrating ductal carcinoma. + +DOI: PAOR.2003.9.2.0100 +PMID: 12858214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1446. J Clin Pathol. 2003 Jul;56(7):552-4. + +Clear cell carcinoma of the breast with solid papillary pattern: a case report +with immunohistochemical profile. + +Gürbüz Y(1), Ozkara SK. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University, Medical School, 41900, Derince, +Kocaeli, Turkey. + +Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare neoplasm with +different morphological characteristics to ordinary breast carcinomas. However, +it has some common features with clear cell carcinomas of other organs. This +report describes a case of clear cell carcinoma of the breast with a solid +papillary pattern centrally localised in the left breast of a 45 year old woman. +Antibodies directed against cytokeratin 7 (CK7), CK10, CK14, CK17, CK18, CK19, +CK20, CK5/6/18, CK8/18, high molecular weight cytokeratin AE3, high molecular +weight cytokeratin 34betaE12, the oestrogen receptor, the progesterone receptor, +chromogranin, S-100 protein, smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and +carcinoembryogenic antigen were applied to analyse the immunophenotypical profile +of this rare neoplasm. + + +PMCID: PMC1769985 +PMID: 12835305 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1447. Diagn Cytopathol. 2003 Jul;29(1):33-7. + +The place of fine-needle aspiration in the preoperative diagnosis of the +congenital sublingual teratoid cyst. + +Babuccu O(1), Işiksaçan Ozen O, Hoşnuter M, Kargi E, Babuccu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zonguldak Karaelmas +University, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey. bulutorca@yahoo.com + +The term "teratoid cyst" was first used by Meyer in his classification of +dysontogenetic cysts of the cervicofacial region, which was based on the type of +germinative layers included in the cyst wall. Sublingual location of a dermoid +cyst is not common, with an incidence of 1.6%. The teratoid cyst is the least +common, accounting for 1.8% of sublingual dermoid cysts, and such lesions are +extremely rare in infancy. In our case, a 7-mo-old male infant was referred with +a sublingual mass. Ultrasonography yielded a cystic mass with internal echoes but +no specific diagnosis. The smears obtained from fine-needle aspiration (FNA) +displayed sheets of large, benign-appearing, anucleated and nucleated squamous +cells. There were a number of neutrophils, which had no significant importance. +No atypical cells were observed. According to the clinical picture and FNA +findings, it appeared to be a cystic structure of keratogenous origin and could +have been any type of dermoid cyst. The cyst was excised completely by the oral +approach. On histopathological examination, the presence of skin appendages along +with mature cartilage and respiratory epithelium confirmed the final diagnosis of +a teratoid cyst. In conclusion, although FNA is not comparable with computed +tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it might be valuable for +the diagnosis of lesions occurring in this anatomical location. It is safe, +cost-effective, and reliable. FNA is not only able to help selecting the most +appropriate surgical method, but also be used as a therapeutic modality in some +emergencies or during surgery. + +Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.10309 +PMID: 12827714 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1448. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2003 Jul;22(3):254-60. + +Angiogenesis, p53, and bcl-2 expression as prognostic indicators in endometrial +cancer: comparison with traditional clinicopathologic variables. + +Erdem O(1), Erdem M, Dursun A, Akyol G, Erdem A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathalogy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. +erdemom@yahoo.com + +We investigated the relation of expression of tumor-suppressor gene product p53, +apoptosis-regulator gene product bcl-2, and CD34 (as a measure of microvessel +density [MVD]) with traditional clinicopathologic prognostic variables in +endometrial carcinoma (histologic type, grade, depth of myometrial invasion, +angiolymphatic invasion, lymph node involvement). In specimens from 63 patients +with endometrial carcinoma, the mean MVD (64.38+/-28.71 microvessels per 200x +field) was not related to any clinicopathologic variables. Nuclear p53 expression +was detected in 15 (23.8%) patients and was higher in nonendometrioid carcinomas +(p<0.05) and in tumors with increasing histologic grade (p<0.001). Cytoplasmic +bcl-2 staining was seen in 79.3% of the tumors. There was a negative correlation +between bcl-2 expression and histologic type and tumor grade (p<0.05). In +survival analysis, patient age, FIGO stage, high expression of p53, low +expression of bcl-2, and high and intermediate MVD values were found to be the +most significant prognostic indicators of survival (p<0.05). In multivariate +regression analysis, FIGO stage and low bcl-2 expression were found to be the +only independent indicators of prognosis (p<0.05). + +DOI: 10.1097/01.PGP.0000070850.25718.A5 +PMID: 12819392 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1449. Histol Histopathol. 2003 Jul;18(3):703-8. doi: 10.14670/HH-18.703. + +Ultrastructural evaluation of the effect of endosulfan on mice kidney. + +Caglar Y(1), Kaya M, Belge E, Mete UO. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, +Adana, Turkey. ycaglar@cu.edu.tr + +In this study, the effect of the endosulfan on mice kidney was investigated at +ultrastructural level. Moreover, biochemical analyses (G6PD, CAT, SOD, GSH and +MDA) were determined in supernatant of kidney tissue. Endosulfan (13mg/kg/day +body weight) was administered orally to mices via intragastric-during 10 days. +The presence of mitochondrial degeneration in cytoplasm of proximal convoluted +tubule cells were a striking feature. Furthermore, there was lipofuscin granules +and membranous structures in some of proximal convoluted tubule cells. In some +glomeruli, ultrastructural changes such as fusion in pedicels and focal +thickening at glomerular basal membrane were seen. There were cytoplasmic bulges +in some distal convoluted tubule cells. The biochemical results of the +experimental group were significant when compared to the control. The effect of +the endosulfan was mainly on the proximal convoluted tubule cells. Morever, the +other parts of the nephron were effected. Thus, this degeneration in kidney may +be thought that oxidative stress may play a role to the mediator in changing +configuration of cell membrane and seem to account for the morphologic alteration +of kidney. + +DOI: 10.14670/HH-18.703 +PMID: 12792881 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1450. APMIS. 2003 Apr;111(4):523-30. + +Expression of heat-shock proteins hsp27, hsp70 and hsp90 in malignant epithelial +tumour of the ovaries. + +Elpek GO(1), Karaveli S, Simşek T, Keles N, Aksoy NH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University Medical School, Antalya, Turkey. +elpek@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the role of the small +heat-shock protein group hsp27, hsp70 and hsp90 in the clinical outcome of +several malignancies. However, conflicting data exist regarding the prognostic +role of hsp27 expression in ovarian carcinoma, and the prognostic significance of +hsp70 and hsp90 expression still remains unknown in these tumours. The purpose of +this study was to investigate immunohistochemically whether hsp27, hsp70 and +hsp90 expression was associated with clinicopathological parameters and survival +in 52 epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier and Cox +regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Among clinicopathological +parameters, hsp27, hsp70 and hsp90 expression was only correlated with FIGO +stage; hsp70 and hsp90 positivity failed to detect survival. However, the overall +survival rate of patients with hsp27 expression was 13%, which was significantly +worse than that of patients without hsp27 expression (47%) (p<0.01). The +prognosis was also adversely affected by FIGO stage (p<0.01) and presence of +ascites (p<0.01). In multivariate analysis, hsp27 expression and FIGO stage were +independent prognostic variables. Our results indicate that hsp70 and hsp90 +expression had no prognostic relevance in epithelial ovarian carcinomas. However, +hsp27 expression and FIGO stage in these tumours could be reliable indicators of +prognosis. + + +PMID: 12780528 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1451. APMIS. 2003 Apr;111(4):474-6. + +Comamonas testosteroni meningitis in a patient with recurrent cholesteatoma. + +Arda B(1), Aydemir S, Yamazhan T, Hassan A, Tünger A, Serter D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ege University, +Medical Faculty, Izmir, Turkey. arda@med.ege.edu.tr + +Comamonas testosteroni, a lesser-known member of the genus, has shown little +apparent capacity for causing infections in humans. We here present a case of +purulent meningitis due to C. testosteroni, which occurred in a patient who had +recurrent cholesteatoma. Ceftriaxone treatment was not effective in this patient +even though in vitro the bacteria were susceptible to the drug. The patient +responded well to meropenem therapy. + + +PMID: 12780521 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1452. Neuropathology. 2003 Jun;23(2):146-9. + +Glioblastoma with lymph node metastases. + +Ates LE(1), Bayindir C, Bilgic B, Karasu A. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Istanbul Medicine Faculty, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. loraates@hotmail.com + +Metastatic spread of malignant astrocytomas is rare and documented in very few +patients with this tumor. Both pathologists and clinicians may confront more of +these cases as the patients live longer. We present a 40-year-old-man with +glioblastoma multiforme metastasizing to the supraclavicular lymph node after +surgery. The tumor was located at the parietal convexity and several +lymphadenopathies occured after surgery. + + +PMID: 12777104 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1453. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2003 Jun;24(2):214-7. + +Suicide in children and adolescents at a province in Turkey. + +Goren S(1), Gurkan F, Tirasci Y, Ozen S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, +Diyarbakir, Turkey. sgoren@dicle.edu.tr + +Despite the well-documented increases in the rate of completed suicide among +children, accurate knowledge of the characteristics of these suicides is limited. +We examined all suicides by children and adolescents in Diyarbakir during 1999 +and 2001. All of the cases were analyzed regarding the age, sex, method and +location of suicide, time of year, and predictive factors. There were 56 children +aged 11 through 19 years. Adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age constituted +the overwhelming number (87%) of all the childhood suicides. Female children and +adolescents predominated among the suicide victims (71%). The most frequent means +of suicide were firearms (43%), hanging (28%), and jumping (16%), respectively. +The majority of suicides occurred at the decedent's home (88%). Reasons +identified were mainly psychiatric disorders, followed by troubles within the +family. A prior suicide attempt or a note that was left by the decedent and +elucidated the reason for the suicide was rare. There was no seasonal difference +in rates of suicides. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.PAF.0000069645.22601.80 +PMID: 12773865 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1454. Int J Surg Pathol. 2003 Apr;11(2):122. + +Images in pathology. Prostatic intraepithelial corpora amylacea. + +Gürbüz Y(1), Ozkara SK. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli U. Medical School, Kocaeli, Turkey. + + +PMID: 12754633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1455. APMIS. 2003 Mar;111(3):439-43. + +Clinical importance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for papillary +thyroid carcinomas. + +Kilicarslan AB(1), Ogus M, Arici C, Pestereli HE, Cakir M, Karpuzoglu G. + +Author information: +(1)Akdeniz Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi Patoloji ABD, Yeni Tip, Antalya, Turkey. +bkilicarslan@hotmail.com + +Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major regulator of angiogenesis +and may be produced by some cancer cells. Several recent reports have documented +that increased expression of VEGF is associated with risk of recurrence or +decreased recurrence-free survival in papillary thyroid cancers (PTC). The aims +of this study were to determine whether immunohistochemical expression of VEGF is +related to local and distant recurrence of PTC and to evaluate the relationship +between hypervascularization and VEGF expression in papillary thyroid carcinomas. +VEGF expression was examined immunohistochemically in 48 papillary carcinomas. +Ten normal thyroids were used as controls. Patients were followed for 61.7 (range +24-143) months. Twelve of the patients had local and distant recurrences. VEGF +immunostaining, blinded for clinicopathological data, was evaluated +semiquantitatively by two pathologists. The difference between the recurrent +(n:12) and nonrecurrent (n:36) carcinomas was statistically significant +(p:0.001). VEGF expression was also stronger in papillary thyroid carcinomas than +in normal thyroid tissues. The mean microvascular densities were significantly +higher than in normal thyroid tissues. These data indicate that VEGF staining is +strongly associated with increased frequency of local and distant recurrence in +PTC and that the immunohistochemical profile of the expression may be used as a +marker for predicting which tumors have metastatic potential. + + +PMID: 12752224 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1456. Pathology. 2003 Apr;35(2):157-60. + +Evaluation of a Western blot technique (Helicoblot 2.1) for the diagnosis of +Helicobacter pylori infection in children. + +Oğünç D(1), Artan R, Ongüt G, Gelen T, Colak D, Dönmez L, Gültekin M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Akdeniz University +School of Medicine, 07070 Antalya, Turkey. dilara@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +AIM: We evaluated the performance of Helicoblot 2.1 which differentiates the +reactivity to each of the various Helicobacter pylori antigens, and compared the +results with those obtained by standard techniques (rapid urease test and +histological examination of gastric biopsy) in symptomatic children of different +ages living in Antalya, Turkey. +METHODS: Eighty-eight children (mean age, 9.15 years) were divided into two +groups. The first group included 66 children who were found to be infected with +H. pylori. The second group included 22 children who were negative for H. pylori. +Serum samples collected from all patients were tested for H. pylori IgG +antibodies by immunoblot assay (Helicoblot 2.1). +RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values +for detection of H. pylori infection were 80%, 100%, 100% and 85%, respectively. +In children under 7 years of age, the sensitivity of the test was found to be +lower than other age groups (P<0.05). No relationship was found between peptic +ulcer and cagA antibody positivity (P>0.05). +CONCLUSION: Helicoblot 2.1 is a useful non-invasive diagnostic tool for H. pylori +infection in children over 6 years of age. + + +PMID: 12745464 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1457. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003 Apr;127(4):e177-80. + +Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung. A case report and review of the +literature. + +Doganay L(1), Bilgi S, Ozdil A, Yoruk Y, Altaner S, Kutlu K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey. +lcdoganay@hotmail.com + +Primary lung tumors mimicking the salivary gland-type neoplasms are extremely +rare. These types of tumors originate from submucosal bronchial glands. +Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is an uncommon tumor in this group, and only 7 +cases have been reported. It is considered to be a low-grade malignant neoplasm. +We report a case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of bronchial gland origin +in a 73-year-old man who presented with coughing and dyspnea. The bronchus of the +left lower lobe contained a tumor mass that had a polypoid growth pattern. The +tumor also extended into the pulmonary parenchyma, forming a well-circumscribed +mass with a pushing margin. The tumor consisted of epithelial and myoepithelial +cells. The epithelial cells were positive for cytokeratins and epithelial +membrane antigen, while the myoepithelial cells were positive for S100 protein +and muscle-specific actin. According to these findings, we diagnosed +epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. After undergoing pneumonectomy, the patient +has been disease free for 34 months. + +DOI: 10.1043/0003-9985(2003)1272.0.CO;2 +PMID: 12683896 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1458. Diagn Cytopathol. 2003 Apr;28(4):212. + +Curschmann's spiral in an 8-year-old patient's gynecologic smear. + +Demirezen S(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, +Ankara, Turkey. sayeste@hacettepe.edu.tr + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.10160 +PMID: 12672097 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1459. Lepr Rev. 2003 Mar;74(1):53-62. + +Surgical reconstruction of irreversible ulnar nerve paralysis in leprosy. + +Ozkan T(1), Ozer K, Yukse A, Gulgonen A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery Division, +Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Twenty-five patients with irreversible leprotic ulnar nerve palsy having +undergone lumbrical replacement with two different tendon transfer techniques +were assessed 6-120 months after surgery. Nineteen patients were reconstructed +with the flexor digitorum four-tail procedure (FDS-4T), and six with Zancolli's +lasso procedure (ZLP). Mean paralysis times were 103 months for FDS-4T, and 68 +months for ZLP. Mean age of the patients was 36 years (21-57). Grip strength +measurements, improvement in active range of motion at the PIP joints, patients' +ability to open and close their hands fully, as well as sequence of phalangeal +flexion, were noted. Mean grip strength measurements during follow-up were 76% of +the contralateral extremity in the FDS-4T group and 82% in the ZLP group. +Comparison of the follow-up grip strength with the preoperative value revealed 1% +improvement in the FDS-4T group and 20% in the ZLP group. Claw hand deformity was +completely corrected in 12 patients in FDS-4T group, and in five patients in the +ZLP group. Residual flexion contracture remained in five patients after surgery. +Swan-neck deformity subsequently developed in seven fingers. Age, sex, mean +follow-up and surgical technique did not relate statistically to the functional +outcome. However, preoperative extensor lag of the PIP joint and mean paralysis +time significantly affected the functional outcome. ZLP was found to be a more +effective procedure in restoring grip strength, whereas FDS-4T was more effective +in correcting claw hand deformity. + + +PMID: 12669933 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1460. J Cutan Pathol. 2003 Feb;30(2):135-8. + +Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular telephone on epidermal +Merkel cells. + +Irmak MK(1), Oztas E, Yagmurca M, Fadillioglu E, Bakir B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology,Gulhane Military Medical Academy, +Ankara, Turkey. mkirmak@gata.edu.tr + +The number of reports on the effects induced by electromagnetic radiation (EMR) +from cellular telephones in various cellular systems is still increasing. Until +now, no satisfactory mechanism has been proposed to explain the biological +effects of this radiation except a role suggested for mast cells. Merkel cells +may also play a role in the mechanisms of biological effects of EMR. This study +was undertaken to investigate the influence of EMR from a cellular telephone (900 +MHz) on Merkel cells in rats. A group of rats was exposed to a cellular telephone +in speech position for 30 min. Another group of rats was sham-exposed under the +same environmental conditions for 30 min. Exposure led to significantly higher +exocytotic activity in Merkel cells compared with the sham exposure group. This +finding may indicate the possible role of Merkel cells in the pathophysiology of +the effects of EMR. + + +PMID: 12641793 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1461. J Cutan Pathol. 2003 Mar;30(3):185-9. + +CD44 and hyaluronate in the differential diagnosis of dermatofibroma and +dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. + +Calikoglu E(1), Augsburger E, Chavaz P, Saurat JH, Kaya G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Dermatology, Fatih University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. + +The histological distinction between dermatofibroma (DF) and dermatofibrosarcoma +protuberans (DFSP) may be extremely difficult. CD34 and Factor XIIIa have been +used to differentiate DF from DFSP. However, there is an overlap and relative +lack of specificity of their expressions. CD44 is a widely distributed integral +membrane glycoprotein, which is expressed as a multitude of isoforms generated by +alternative splicing of at least 10 different variant exons and +post-translational modifications. CD44 is currently thought to be the principal +cell surface receptor for hyaluronate (HA), the major component of the +extracellular matrix. In this study we aimed to assess the expression of standard +CD44 (CD44s) and its isoforms (CD44v3, CD44v4, CD44v5, CD44v6, CD44v7, CD44v7v8, +and CD44v10), and HA in DF and DFSP. Immunohistochemical staining was performed +on the biopsy specimens of 15 cases of DF and four cases of DFSP, using +antibodies that recognize the CD44s, different CD44 isoforms and the hyaluronate +binding protein (HABP). Tumor cells displayed a strong CD44s immunoreactivity in +all cases of DF whereas a faint HA positivity was observed in the tumor stroma. +The DF cells were negative for CD44v3, CD44v4, CD44v6, CD44v7 and CD44v7v8 but +showed a strong reactivity for CD44v5 and CD44v10. In contrast, CD44s' expression +was significantly reduced or absent in all DFSP lesions and the tumor stroma +displayed strong staining for HA. Our results indicate that CD44 and HA can be +used as additional diagnostic markers to distinguish DF from DFSP. + + +PMID: 12641778 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1462. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2002;19(2):97-100. + +Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor of the midbrain tectum: a case report. + +Kurtkaya-Yapicier O(1), Elmaci I, Boran B, Kiliç T, Sav A, Pamir MN. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurosurgery and Neuropathology, Marmara University, PK 53, +81532, Basibüyük-Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey. ozlemky@yahoo.com + +Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) is a relatively new nosologic +entity. First described in 1988, it is now included in the "neuronal and mixed +neuronal-glial tumours" category in the revised 2000 World Health Organization +(WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Nervous System. The collective experience +of more than 300 reported cases indicates that, with only rare exceptions, DNTs +are cerebral cortical lesions. At present, the actual incidence of extracortical +DNT is unknown. We describe, the clinicopathologic features of the first tectal +DNT. The patient was a 51-year-old man with a 2-month history of pulsatile +headaches. On neurologic examination, the only abnormality was gait ataxia. +Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a midbrain tumor involving the +tectum. It was hypointense on T1-weighted images and featured an iso- to +hyperintense nodule at its center. The nodule showed enhancement upon contrast +administration. No aqueductal obstruction or intraventricular extension of tumor +was detected. The tumor was approached supratentorially and removed completely. +The mucoid tumor was well demarcated from neural tissue. Histopathologically, it +was a typical DNT, exhibiting a nodular pattern of growth with a "specific +glioneuronal component." This case report documents the first DNT to arise in the +midbrain tectum and focuses on the problem of diagnosing this uncommon tumor at +extracortical sites. + + +PMID: 12622140 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1463. Acta Cytol. 2003 Jan-Feb;47(1):13-5. + +Preoperative brush and impression cytology in ocular surface squamous neoplasms. + +Ersöz C(1), Yağmur M, Ersöz TR, Yalaz M. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, University of Cukurova School of +Medicine, 01330, Adana, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: Preoperative cytologic diagnoses of ocular surface squamous neoplasms +were evaluated and compared with histologic diagnoses. +STUDY DESIGN: Impression cytology (Millipore filter paper) and brush cytology +were applied to 32 patients who had conjunctival neoplasms. Papanicolaou-stained +cytologic preparations and hematoxylin and eosin-stained histologic sections were +examined by light microscopy. +RESULTS: The brush technique was used on 27 patients; impression cytology was +applied in 5 cases. Cytologic and histologic diagnoses were concordant in 26 +cases. Squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma in situ was diagnosed in 18 and +dysplasia in 4 cases. Squamous metaplasia and normal-appearing conjunctival +epithelial cells were diagnosed cytologically in four cases; of those histologic +diagnoses, one was pterygium and three, conjunctival nevus. Four cases revealed +discrepancies between the cytologic and histologic preparations. There was one +false positive result, and one case was subconjunctival invasion of basal cell +carcinoma of the eyelid. +CONCLUSION: Impression and brush cytology are fast, cost-effective, reliable and +noninvasive diagnostic tools for ocular surface squamous neoplasms. However, the +brush technique has several advantages over impression cytology. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326469 +PMID: 12585025 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1464. APMIS. 2002 Oct;110(10):733-6. + +Pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder. + +Doran F(1), Varinli S, Bayazit Y, Bal N, Ozdemir S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Adana, +Turkey. + +The case of a 65-year-old male with pheochromocytoma arising in the urinary +bladder is presented. Clinical evaluation included ultrasonography, intravenous +pyelography and computerized tomography (CT) scan. Transurethral resection of an +exophytic tumor 1 cm in diameter was performed. The histological diagnosis was +pheochromocytoma of the bladder. The evaluation and management of this type of +tumor is discussed. + + +PMID: 12583440 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1465. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(4):280-2. Epub 2003 Feb 11. + +Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis evolving to large cell lymphoma in the +skin. + +Culhaci N(1), Levi E, Sen S, Kacar F, Meteoglu I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, +Aydin, 09100, Turkey. nculhaci@hotmail.com + +Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is an angiodestructive, angioinvasive +lymphoproliferative disorder. It involves most frequently lungs, central nervous +system and skin. Recent studies indicate that lymphomatoid granulomatosis is an +Epstein-Barr virus associated B cell disorder with a background of reactive T +lymphocytes. In a 49 year old woman presenting with fever, malaise and pulmonary +masses the diagnosis of lymphomatoid granulomatosis was established +histologically by open lung biopsy. Following the initial diagnosis the patient +was found to have gastric and skin involvement. The skin lesion was diagnosed as +diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.4.0280 +PMID: 12579218 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1466. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(4):275-7. Epub 2003 Feb 11. + +Carcinosarcoma of the stomach. + +Kayaselcuk F(1), Tuncer I, Toyganözü Y, Bal N, Ozgür G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Yüregir, +Adana, 01250, Turkey. faziletks@yahoo.com + +In the gastrointestinal tract, carcinosarcomas are most frequently seen in the +esophagus. Carcinosarcoma in the stomach is a rare tumor. We report a +carcinosarcoma of the antrum of stomach. The tumor was polypoid and exophytic in +appearance and located in the antrum. Immunohistochemical studies showed +positivity for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen and cytoplasmic +carcinoembryonic antigen in the epithelial component. Positive staining with +vimentin, desmin and focal smooth muscle actin and negative staining with +chromogranin were observed in spindle cells. Nuclear positive staining was +observed with p53 and Ki-67 in both glandular and spindle atypical cells. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.4.0275 +PMID: 12579216 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1467. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(4):262-9. Epub 2003 Feb 11. + +General features of gastric carcinomas and comparison of HSP70 and NK cell +immunoreactivity with prognostic factors. + +Canöz O(1), Belenli O, Patiroglu TE. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Medical Faculty of Erciyes University, Kocasinan / +Kayseri, Turkey. ocanoz@erciyes.edu.tr + +During the period of 1996-1998 ninety-four gastrectomy specimens with gastric +carcinoma referred to Erciyes University, Medical Faculty, Department of +Pathology, were examined histopathologically, histochemically and +immunohistochemically. General characteristics of gastric carcinomas and +prognostic factors were studied. According the Lauren classification, of the 94 +cases of gastric carcinomas, 56 were intestinal type, 21 were diffuse type and 17 +were mixed type carcinoma. The association rates of Helicobacter pylori, chronic +atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia with gastric carcinomas were high. +There was strong immunorectivity with HSP70 in 62,5% of the intestinal type +carcinomas. This ratios were lower in diffuse and mixed type carcinomas (p<0.05). +The more tumor size and invasion depth increased, the more HSP70 immunoreactivity +was obtained (p<0.05). HSP70 immunorectivity was considerably higher in the +patients having lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion (p<0.05). It was +found that the NK cell number was low in the tumor but higher around the tumor in +early gastric carcinomas, compared with advanced carcinomas (p>0.05). In the +tumors larger than 10 cm with vascular invasion, NK cell number was lower around +the tumor (p>0.05). Defining prognostic factors of gastric carcinomas is of +importance to clinicians. It is thought that HSP70 immunoreactivity, besides +invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, tumor size and +inflammatory reaction against the tumor, is important in prognosis and associated +with advanced stage. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.4.0262 +PMID: 12579213 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1468. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(3):200-1. Epub 2003 Jan 6. + +Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum. + +Kacar F(1), Meteoglu I, Sen S, Levi E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, 09100, Turkey. +furuzankacar@hotmail.com + +A mediastinal mass was found in a 37 year old male who presented with fever, +weight loss and fatigue. The chest CT revealed a 9x6x4 cm well circumscribed mass +located paratrachaelly in the upper mid-mediastinum. The mass was removed by +right thoracotomy. Macroscopically the tumor weighed 195 g and measured 9x6x4 cm. +Microscopically the tumor consisted of small blue cells in solid and trabecular +pattern. Immunohistochemical studies performed for differential diagnosis of +small blue cell tumors. The tumor was diagnosed as primary neuroendocrine +carcinoma of the mediastinum. This case is presented for its rare recurrence in +that particular location. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.3.0200 +PMID: 12516001 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1469. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(3):188-93. Epub 2003 Jan 6. + +Specificity of MOC-31 and HBME-1 immunohistochemistry in the differential +diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and malignant mesothelioma: a study on environmental +malignant mesothelioma cases from Turkish villages. + +Gümürdülü D(1), Zeren EH, Cagle PT, Kayasel uk F, Alparslan N, Kocabas A, Tuncer +I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, ukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Adana, +01330, Turkey. gumurdulu@yahoo.com + +Histological diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and differentiation from +adenocarcinoma is often difficult. A number of clinical, radiologic, histologic +and histochemical criteria have been used as diagnostic aids, but most cases +cannot be readily classified on the basis of these characteristics. In recent +years, a panel of immunohistochemical anti-bodies have been increasingly applied +for the differential diagnosis of these two tumors. MOC-31 has been recently used +as specific for adenocarcinomas while reacting with a minimal number of benign +and malignant mesothelial proliferations, and HBME-1 has also been presented as a +mesothelial cell marker. In this study, we aimed to show the importance of these +two antibodies among the environmental MM cases from Southeastern Turkey. Fifty +five cases of MM and twenty adenocarcinomas were included in this study. +Histochemical (PAS, PAS-D, mucicarmine) and immunohistochemical (Keratin, +EMA,CEA, MOC-31, HBME-1) stains have been performed on each case. Keratin was +positive in all cases. EMA stained 50 of 55 MM and all the adenocarcinoma cases. +According to our results, dPAS, mucicarmen, CEA and MOC-31 positivity was +statistically significant in the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma whereas HBME-1 was +demonstrable in most MM cases (52/55) and 11 adenocarcinoma cases. This study +confirmed that in the diagnostic distinction between MM and adenocarcinoma, +immuno-histochemistry is an important diagnostic tool, however, a panel of +antibodies must be used rather than any single antibody. HBME-1 should be +included in this panel; MOC-31 can be used where CEA is not available or to +doublecheck the reactivity of this antibody. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.3.0188 +PMID: 12515999 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1470. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(3):175-82. Epub 2003 Jan 6. + +Clinicopathologic evaluation of CDw75 antigen expression in colorectal +adenocarcinomas. + +Elpek GO(1), Gelen T, Karpuzoglu G, Karpuzoglu T, Aksoy NH, Keles N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Medical School, Antalya, 07070, +Turkey. elpek@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +CDw75, a B lymphocyte surface antigen, is a sialylated carbohydrate epitope, +which is generated by the enzyme beta galactosyl alpha 2,6 sialyltransferase +(Sia-T1). In colon carcinomas, although higher levels of Sia-T1 has been +described and found to be correlated with metastatic potential of tumor cells, +the expression of CDw75 antigen still remains unknown. To address this issue, we +investigated immunohistochemically CDw75 antigen expression in 195 colorectal +adenocarcinomas and their nodal metastases. The correlation between CDw75 antigen +expression with selected clinicopathologic variables was analyzed by using +Chi-square and Fisher s exact tests. Positive staining was observed in 101 cases. +Non-neoplastic mucosa was negative consistently. The frequency of positivity was +decreased according to the degree of differentiation (p<0.001). Antigen +expression was found to be associated with deeper penetration (p<0.006), positive +lymph nodes (p<0.001), distant metastases (p<0.006) and advanced stage (p<0.001). +Same relationships were detected in well and moderately differentiated tumors +when CDw75 immunoreactivity was evaluated in each histologic grade separately. +Our findings indicate that CDw75 antigen expression may be a good indicator of +the biological aggressiveness of colorectal adenocarcinomas especially in tumors +with well and moderately differentiated morphology. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.3.0175 +PMID: 12515997 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1471. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198(10):675-8. + +Histopathology of candidal hyperplastic lesions of the larynx. + +Pabuççuoğlu U(1), Tuncer C, Sengiz S. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Inciralti-Izmir, Turkey. ugur.pabuccuoglu@deu.edu.tr + +Candidiasis of the larynx is rare, and candidal involvement of the larynx mostly +occurs after pulmonary, pharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis, or as part of +disseminated disease. We here report our morphologic observations made in five +cases of laryngeal candidiasis. These cases had the following morphologic +features in common: 1. pronounced epithelial hyperplasia, which may show a +verrucous pattern, 2. prominent ortho-parakeratosis, and 3. predominantly +neutrophilic infiltration located in the upper layers of the mucosal epithelium. +Our morphologic observations were similar to the morphologic changes encountered +in chronic hyperplastic candidosis of the oral mucosa. As this type of candidal +lesions contains fewer hyphae than the usual thrush, fungal infection may be +easily overlooked. Pronounced epithelial hyperplasia and prominent +ortho-parakeratosis may mimic squamous cell and verrucous carcinomas. In +conclusion, we suggest performing special stains for fungi of laryngeal biopsies +that have the morphologic features mentioned above. In that way, it is possible +to detect a candidal infection, keeping in mind that the fungal organisms may be +very few in number and morphologically distorted. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00319 +PMID: 12498222 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1472. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198(10):665-74. + +Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in gastric carcinomas: their relationship with +clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis. + +Akyürek N(1), Akyol G, Dursun A, Yamaç D, Günel N. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +drakyurek@hotmail.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between MUC1 and MUC2 +mucin expressions and clinicopathologic variables in gastric carcinomas with +regard to survival times. MUC1 and MUC2 expressions were revealed +immunohistochemically in 143 gastric carcinomas. Of these 143 patients, follow-up +data were available for 45 (median survival time of 30 months, ranging from 2 to +80 months). MUC1 was detected in 82 (58%), and MUC2 in 60 (42%) out of 143 cases. +Papillary adenocarcinomas showed significantly higher MUC1 and MUC2 +immunoreactivity than did signet-ring cell and mucinous tumors (p = 0.045 and p = +0.01, respectively). MUC1 was highly positive in intestinal-type carcinomas (p = +0.006), whereas intestinal and diffuse carcinomas did not differ in MUC2 +expression. There was a positive correlation between tumor differentiation and +MUC1 expression. However, no correlation was found between MUC1 and MUC2 +expressions and angiolymphatic invasion. According to the TNM classification, +stage 1A tumors have significantly lower rates of MUC1 reactivity compared to +higher stages (p = 0.04). The patients with gastric carcinomas expressing MUC1 +showed significantly poorer survival than those without MUC1 expression (p = +0.04). The present study suggests that MUC1 expression be a useful prognostic +factor for predicting the outcome of gastric carcinoma patients, whereas the role +of MUC2 expression is still unclear. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00318 +PMID: 12498221 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1473. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2003 Jan;22(1):71-4. + +The prognostic value of nuclear grading and the revised FIGO grading of +endometrial adenocarcinoma. + +Ayhan A(1), Taskiran C, Yuce K, Kucukali T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Hospitals, +Ankara, Turkey. + +The purpose of this study was to determine a convenient method for the +modification of architectural grade by nuclear features and to evaluate the +prognostic significance of the new International Federation of Gynecology and +Obstetrics (FIGO) grading system by studying 288 patients with endometrioid +endometrial carcinoma. All patients were subjected to initial surgical +exploration and staging by 1988 FIGO guidelines. Three different grading systems +were evaluated for their prognostic value: architectural, nuclear, and FIGO +combined systems. All three grading systems significantly predicted poor +survival, but only the FIGO grade (p < 0.001), stage (p < 0.001), and cervical +involvement (p = 0.04) remained significant in multivariate analysis. In the +architectural grade 2 group, the 5-year survival rate for 39 patients with grade +1 or 2 nuclei was 87%, compared with 66% for 35 patients with grade 3 nuclei (p = +0.03). In the architectural grade 1 group, the 5-year survival rate for 84 +patients with grade 2 nuclei was 93% without significant difference from the +original group (96%). FIGO grade 3 tumor predicted 70% of deaths (29/41), whereas +architectural grade 3 tumor detected 41% (17/41) of deaths (p = 0.001). In +conclusion, in determining the FIGO grade, upgrading of architectural grade 1 or +2 tumors by grade 3 nuclei was the most reliable method. The new FIGO grading +system was prognostically superior to the previously used architectural grading +system. + + +PMID: 12496701 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1474. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2002 Nov;54(3):197-201. + +Effects of methimazole pretreatment on cerulein induced acute pancreatitis in +rats. + +Yönetçi N(1), Oruç N, Ozütemiz AO, Kumanlioglu K, Yüce G, Batur Y. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Gastroenterology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Many interrelationships exist between the thyroid gland and the +gastrointestinal tract. Several past and recent studies have shown that the +thyroid gland profoundly influences the structure and function of the exocrine +pancreas in the rat. In the present study we investigated the effect of +methimazole (METZ), an antithyroid drug, on cerulein induced acute pancreatitis +(AP) in rats. +METHODS: Rats were divided into 3 groups (10-12 weeks age, 200-250 g weight, n: +10). Group B was made hypothyroid with methimazole 5 mg/kg daily for 10 days and +the others were untreated euthyroid groups. After 10 days, acute pancreatitis was +induced with four doses of 20 microg/kg body weight of cerulein administered s.c +at hourly intervals in group A and B while the control group C was given 4 doses +of I ml saline. Pancreas wet weight (mg), plasma amylase activity (IU/l) and +pancreatic histology were used as endpoints to quantify the severity of the AP. +RESULTS: Plasma tri-iodothyronine (T3) (ng/dl) and thyroxine (T4) (microg/dl) +levels were significantly reduced after METZ treatment for 10 days (p < 0.01). +METZ pretreatment reduced significantly the cerulein induced increase in +pancreatic weight (1,205 +/- 12 mg in METZ treated AP group versus 1,617 +/- 14 +mg in AP group, p < 0.05) and the rise in amylase activity (7,078 +/- 816 IU/l in +METZ treated AP group versus 8,611 +/- 830 IU/l in AP group p < 0.05). +CONCLUSION: METZ reduces the severity of cerulein induced AP in rats. This effect +might be through its antithyroid property. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00248 +PMID: 12484556 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1475. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2002 Dec;23(4):377-81. + +Population study of six short tandem repeat loci in Antalya, Turkey. + +Demircin S(1), Karagoz YM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, +Turkey. adlitip@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +Population studies of six short tandem repeat loci were carried out in a sample +of unrelated Turkish individuals living in Antalya province, southwest Turkey. +After electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels, 8 alleles could be identified for +THO1, 6 for TPOX and CSF1PO, 9 for VWA, 7 for FES, and 14 for F13A01. There was a +significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium between observed and +expected values for FES and TPOX loci. + +DOI: 10.1097/01.PAF.0000035413.76057.2F +PMID: 12464817 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1476. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2002;19(1):1-3. + +Histochemical and immunohistochemical features of a case showing association of +meningioma and prolactinoma containing amyloid. + +Canda T(1), Sengiz S, Canda MS, Acar UD, Erbayraktar RS, Yilmaz HS. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 35340 +Inciralti-Izmir, Turkey. tulay.canda@deu.edu.tr + +We report the rare case of a 43-year-old woman with a simultaneous meningioma of +the sphenoid wing and an amyloid-containing prolactinoma. The patient, who +presented with a 17-year history of amenorrhea, and galactorrhea, was found to +have a 10-mm mass in the pituitary gland. During excision of this lesion, another +mass was noticed, which was located in the sphenoid wing. Both lesions were +completely excised. Histopathological examination revealed that the pituitary +tumor was a prolactinoma with diffuse amyloid deposition and that the second +tumor was a typical meningioma. The coexistence of a prolactinoma containing +amyloid and a meningioma is very rare in the literature, so this case is +presented here with its histochemical and immunohistochemical features. We +discuss the significance of prolactinoma containing amyloid and the simultaneous +presentation of these two tumors. + + +PMID: 12455881 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1477. Endocr Pathol. 2002 Fall;13(3):207-11. + +Diagnostic utility of cytokeratin 19 expression in multinodular goiter with +papillary areas and papillary carcinoma of thyroid. + +Erkiliç S(1), Aydin A, Koçer NE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, +Turkey. serk52@yahoo.com + +The most common benign lesion of thyroid, multinodular goiter, may mimic +papillary carcinoma if it contains papillary areas. Although it is usually not +very difficult to distinguish between these benign and malignant lesions, some +cases may be problematic in differential diagnosis. In these cases, we decided to +use cytokeratin 19 (CK19), which is shown to be effective in discriminating +papillary carcinoma from follicular carcinoma of thyroid, and we also evaluated +the immunoreactivity of CK19 in follicular adenomas. Twenty-five cases of +multinodular goiter showing papillary formations, 25 cases of papillary thyroid +carcinoma, and 15 cases of follicular adenoma were selected from archives of our +institution. Immunohistochemical staining for CK19 was performed on +deparaffinized sections. Diffuse and intense CK19 positivity was found in the +cells of all papillary carcinomas. In the multinodular goiter group, 20 of 25 +cases showed no staining while the remaining 5 were focally reactive with CK19. +Three of the five were thought to be false positive owing to hemorrhage. Weak and +focal CK19 staining was seen in some follicular adenomas. Our observations +suggest that the staining features of CK19 may be helpful in differential +diagnosis between papillary carcinoma and multinodular goiter showing papillary +areas. Focal and pale staining for CK19 may be seen in multinodular goiter with +papillary formations, and this feature should be considered in evaluation. + + +PMID: 12446919 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1478. J Comp Pathol. 2002 Nov;127(4):290-6. + +Distribution of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the cerebellum in canine +distemper virus infection. + +Yarim M(1), Kabakci N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of +Kirikkale, 71450 Yahsihan, Kirikkale, Turkey. + +The cerebella of eight dogs naturally infected with canine distemper virus (CDV) +and two normal dogs were examined immunohistochemically for glial fibrillary +acidic protein (GFAP) and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD). The +clinical diagnosis of canine distemper was confirmed histopathologically and by +the immunohistochemical demonstration of CDV antigen. In all dogs (healthy and +infected), the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum were immunolabelled for 3beta-HSD +activity. In infected dogs, 3beta-HSD labelling was prominent in astrocytes +(particularly in areas of astrocytosis) whereas in healthy dogs such +immunolabelling was weak. Double immunolabelling demonstrated that all +GFAP-positive cells (especially in demyelinating areas) were also positive for +3beta-HSD. The results suggest that 3beta-HSD expression by astrocytes is +associated with demyelination in CDV infection. + +Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. + + +PMID: 12443737 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1479. Pathology. 2002 Oct;34(5):427-32. + +Prognostic implication of nm23-H1 expression in colorectal carcinomas. + +Dursun A(1), Akyürek N, Günel N, Yamaç D. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. +drakyurek@hotmail.com + +AIMS: Expression of nm23 has been identified as a potential metastatic +suppressor. In this study, nm23-H1 expression, clinicopathological parameters and +influences on clinical outcomes were investigated in colorectal carcinoma +patients. +METHODS: Immunostaining was performed on 185 colorectal carcinomas using a +polyclonal anti-nm23-H1 antibody. +RESULTS: The nm23-H1 immunoreactivity was weak in 31 (17%), moderate in 48 (26%) +and strong in 106 (57%) cases. The well differentiated adenocarcinomas showed +significantly strong staining for nm23-H1 compared with the moderately and poorly +differentiated adenocarcinomas (chi2 test, P<0.001). Advanced tumour stages were +associated with reduced nm23-H1 expression (P<0.001). There was an inverse +correlation with angiolymphatic invasion, nodal metastasis and liver metastasis +(univariate logistic regression analysis, P<0.001). In univariate analysis, +patients with reduced expression of nm23-H1 had significantly shorter overall and +disease-free survival than the strong expression group (log-rank test for trend, +P=0.002 and P=0.003, respectively). +CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that reduced nm23-H1 expression showed poor +prognosis in colorectal carcinomas. As a result, nm23-H1 expression might be a +useful marker to predict outcome while planning treatment. + + +PMID: 12408341 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1480. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198(8):525-30. + +Microsatellite instability in early-onset breast cancer. + +Ozer E(1), Yuksel E, Kizildag S, Sercan O, Ozen E, Canda T, Sakizli M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, +Turkey. eozer@deu.edu.tr + +Breast cancer in a young person is considered a rare and very aggressive disease. +The theories addressing the underlying genetic mechanisms of this disease are +controversial. Therefore, additional genetic concepts playing a possible role in +its pathogenesis and prognosis must be investigated. Microsatellite instability +(MSI) characterized by a mutational process of insertions or deletions in +microsatellite repeats might constitute a sensitive indicator for genomic +instability in cancer. MSI has been described in a wide variety of tumors, +particularly in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer. The reports regarding +its occurrence and prognostic significance in breast cancer are in conflict with +each other. The purpose of this study was to investigate MSI in early-onset +breast cancer and to correlate its occurrence with clinicopathological +prognisticators. In this study, 16 female patients with primary breast cancer +under 35 years of age (range 29-34) were investigated for the incidence of MSI in +five microsatellite loci (D2S123, D3S1611, D17S807, D17S796 and Xq11-12) by +comparing paired normal and tumor tissue DNA after PCR amplification from +paraffin-embedded tissues. No instability was found in any of these five +microsatellite loci. Although care must be taken not to overstate the importance +of this result due to the inadequate number of microsatellite markers and DNA +samples studied, this preliminary report indicates that MSI phenotype is uncommon +in human early-onset breast cancer. Therefore, it does not appear to be related +to the prognosis of disease. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00296 +PMID: 12389995 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1481. Pathol Int. 2002 Aug;52(8):540-3. + +Multinodular hydropic leiomyoma of the uterus with perinodular hydropic +degeneration and extrauterine extension. + +Ceyhan K(1), Simşir C, Dölen I, Calýşkan E, Umudum H. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Laboratory, SSK Ulus Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. ceyhank@hotmail.com + +Multinodular hydropic leiomyoma (MHL) of the uterus is one of the rarest variants +of uterine leiomyomas and can create some diagnostic problems. Only five cases +have been reported previously. We describe an MHL with perinodular hydropic +degeneration in a 48-year-old woman. Gross examination revealed a large and +predominantly intramural, edematous multinodular uterine tumor and extrauterine, +small grape-like nodules overlying the lateral surface of the uterine serosa. +Histologically, the tumor was composed of extra-intrauterine benign, small smooth +muscle nodules with perinodular hydropic degeneration, prominent intramural +dissecting growth pattern, and satellite nodules closely resembling vascular +invasion. Immunohistochemically, these cells stained for desmin, smooth muscle +actin and vimentin. The patient had no evidence of disease for 18 months after +hysterectomy. Multinodular hydropic leiomyoma is a clinically benign tumor and +should not be confused with intravenous leiomyomatosis and some other unusual +leiomyoma variants. + + +PMID: 12366814 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1482. Diagn Cytopathol. 2002 Oct;27(4):214-7. + +Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: +a report of five cases. + +Bayramoglu H(1), Zekioglu O, Erhan Y, Ciriş M, Ozdemir N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Bornova Izmir, +Turkey. ozeki@med.ege.edu.tr + +Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast is an uncommon variant of +infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Observing its distinctive cytologic appearance and +aggressive behavior is important for early diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration +cytology (FNAC). There are only a few reported cases in the literature. Five +women presented with breast masses. FNAC showed malignant epithelial tumors, and +mastectomy materials showed invasive micropapillary carcinoma for all of them. +Three patients had axillary lymph node metastases. Invasive micropapillary +carcinoma, with its angulated papillary clusters lacking a fibrovascular core, +and irregular crowded nuclei, has a distinctive cytologic appearance which +correlates with its histological features. A differential diagnosis from other +primary or metastatic papillary lesions of the breast may be possible using +immunohistochemistry and some cytologic features. The limited experience with +invasive micropapillary carcinoma should not discourage others from undertaking +further studies. + +Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + +DOI: 10.1002/dc.10176 +PMID: 12357498 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1483. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002 Oct;21(4):375-82. + +Apoptosis-related proteins and steroid hormone receptors in normal, hyperplastic, +and neoplastic endometrium. + +Bozdoğan O(1), Atasoy P, Erekul S, Bozdoğan N, Bayram M. + +Author information: +(1)Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale State Hospital, Turkey. + +The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution and frequency of +apoptosis-related proteins and their correlation with estrogen, progesterone, and +androgen receptors in endometrial tissues. Immunohistochemical analyses of bcl-2, +bax, bcl-x, and steroid receptors were performed in 22 endometrial carcinomas, 26 +endometrial hyperplasias, and 19 cases of normal cyclical endometrium. Bcl-2 was +expressed in 45.4% of carcinomas and 92.3% of hyperplasias. Bax immunostaining +was found in 90.9% of carcinomas and 76.9% of hyperplasias. Bcl-x positivity was +similar in carcinomas (68.1%) and endometrial hyperplasias (76.9%). In normal +cyclical endometria, bcl-2 staining was intense and diffuse in the proliferative +phase, but decreased dramatically in the early and mid-secretory phase to +reappear in the late secretory phase. Bax was expressed throughout the menstrual +cycle but more strongly in the secretory phase. Bcl-x displayed a similar degree +of expression in proliferative and secretory endometria. Nineteen carcinomas +(86.3%), 25 hyperplasias (96.1%), and 18 normal cyclical endometria (94.7%) were +positive for estrogen receptor (ER). Progesterone receptor (PR) was observed in +20 carcinomas (90.9%), all hyperplasias (100%), and 18 normal cyclical endometria +(94.7%). Androgen receptor (AR) positivity was seen in 7 carcinomas (31.8%), 6 +hyperplasias (23.0%), and 3 normal cyclical endometria (15.7%). There was a +statistically positive correlation between bcl-x and ER and a tendency toward +significant correlation between bcl-x and PR and between ER and PR in carcinomas. +In hyperplasias, there was a significant positive correlation between bcl-2 and +PR and between bcl-2 and bax and a negative correlation between ER and bax. There +was a statistically significant difference for bcl-2 (p = 0.001) and bax (p = +0.001) between the hyperplasia and carcinoma groups. There was increased +expression of bax, decreased expression of bcl-2, and persistence of bcl-x +protein in advanced endometrial carcinomas. Our findings show that ovarian +hormones have a regulatory role on bcl-2 protein and that there is a correlation +between other members of the bcl-2 family (bcl-x and bax) and steroid hormone +receptors. Bax/bcl-x may be the major control mechanisms of apoptosis in advanced +carcinomas; other members of the bcl-2 family may also be under hormonal control. + + +PMID: 12352186 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1484. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2002 Aug;54(2):97-108. + +Protective role of melatonin and a combination of vitamin C and vitamin E on lung +toxicity induced by chlorpyrifos-ethyl in rats. + +Karaoz E(1), Gultekin F, Akdogan M, Oncu M, Gokcimen A. + +Author information: +(1)Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, +Isparta, Turkey. + +The ameliorating effects of melatonin and vitamin C plus vitamin E were examined +histologically and biochemically in lung tissues in rats exposed to +chlorpyriphos-ethyl (CE). Experimental groups were as follows: Control group (C), +CE treated group (CE), vitamin C plus vitamin E treated group (Vit), melatonin +treated group (Mel), vitamin C plus vitamin E plus CE treated group (Vit + CE), +and melatonin plus CE treated group (Mel + CE). Vitamin E and vitamin C were +administered intramuscularly at the rates of 150 and 200 mg per kg body weight, +respectively, in Vit and Vit + CE groups, once a day for 6 consecutive days. +Melatonin was administered intramuscularly at the rate of 10 mg per kg body +weight in Mel and Mel + CE groups, once a day for 6 consecutive days. At the end +of the fifth day, the rats of CE, Vit + CE and Mel + CE groups were treated +orally with CE dissolved in corn oil with two equal doses of 41 mg CE per kg body +weight at zero and twenty-first hours. Tissue samples of lungs were taken by +using appropriate techniques for biochemical and histological examinations under +anesthesia at the twenty-fourth hours of CE administration, at the end of the +sixth day of the experiment. In tissue homogenates, the level of thiobarbituric +acid reactive substances (TBARS), antioxidant potential (AOP), and the activities +of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) +were determined. TBARS was significantly high (p < 0.05) in CE group compared to +control group, while TBARS was found to significantly decrease (p < 0.05) with +Vit and Mel groups compared to control. On the other hand, TBARS was seen to +significantly decrease (p < 0.05) in both groups of Vit + CE and Mel + CE +compared to CE group. In comparison with CE group, SOD activity was significantly +high (p < 0.05) with the groups of Vit, Mel, Vit + CE and Mel + CE. GSH-Px +activity was found to significantly decrease (p < 0.05) with CE group, compared +with both C and Vit groups. AOP was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in CE group +than C group. Although there was an increased AOP with Vit + CE and Mel + CE +groups compared to CE group, the increase in AOP was only seen to be significant +(p < 0.05) in Mel + CE group. In comparison with C group, AOP significantly (p < +0.05) increased with Vit group. There was also a significant (p < 0.05) increase +in AOP with Mel + CE group, compared with CE group. Additionally, AOP was +significantly lower (p < 0.05) in Vit + CE group than Mel + CE group. Lungs were +examined histologically at the end of sixth day. There were remarkable changes in +the histomorphology of peribronchial and perivascular area in the lung of rats +treated with CE. These were infiltration of mononuclear cells (such as +lymphocytes, plasmocytes, macrophages), hyperplasia of type II pneumocyte, and +thickened and increased connective tissue. Damage to the lung tissue such as +increased inflammatory mononuclear cells in peribronchial and perivascular areas +were more pronounced for the CE group than Vit + CE and Mel + CE groups in which +these changes were higher than C, Vit and Mel groups. These results suggest that +CE increases lipid peroxidation and decreases antioxidant enzymes activities and +AOP due to increasing oxidative stress induced by CE, and high doses of vitamin C +plus vitamin E and melatonin considerably reduce CE toxicity in lung tissues of +rats. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00236 +PMID: 12211644 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1485. APMIS. 2002 Jun;110(6):447-50. + +Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast. + +Peştereli HE(1), Erdogan O, Kaya R, Karaveli FS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. epestereli@superonline.com + +Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the breast is a rare, newly recognized +subtype of breast carcinoma. Distinction from medullary carcinoma is important +because of the difference in biologic behavior of these two neoplasms and LELC of +the breast is regarded as an unusual form of lobular carcinoma. We present the +case of a 56-year-old female with a breast mass measuring 2 cm in diameter, which +was diagnosed as invasive lobular carcinoma with LELC pattern. This is the ninth +case reported in the English literature and to the best of our knowledge the +first one with lymph node metastasis. + + +PMID: 12193205 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1486. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(2):151-2. + +Apocrine differentiation in invasive pleomorphic lobular carcinoma with in situ +ductal and lobular apocrine carcinoma: case report. + +Kaya H(1), Aribal E, Yegen C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, 81190, Turkey. +hkaya@superonline.com + +Invasive pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) is a distinctive aggressive subtype +of invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC). We report one case of PLC with in situ PLC +and ductal carcinoma in situ with apocrine features. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.2.0151 +PMID: 12172583 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1487. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(2):145-7. + +Malignant struma ovarii. + +Kabukcuoglu F(1), Baksu A, Yilmaz B, Aktumen A, Evren I. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Uskudar, Istanbul, +81160, Turkey. etfaly@superonline.com + +Malignant struma ovarii is a rare form of ovarian germ cell tumors. Because of +its rarity, diagnosis and management of the tumor has not been clearly defined. A +52-year-old female with follicular variant of papillary carcinoma arising in +struma ovarii is presented. There was no evidence of clinical malignancy or +metastases. However on the basis of histopathologic findings, the case was +diagnosed as malignant struma ovarii. It was accepted as stage Ia tumor and no +other treatment was considered after radical excision. Due to its fairly good +prognosis, surgical excision has been the preferred treatment for those who do +not have disseminated disease. Nevertheless, long-term follow-up is necessary to +determine the course of the disease. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.2.0145 +PMID: 12172581 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1488. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(2):138-41. + +Investigation of microsatellite instability in Turkish breast cancer patients. + +Demokan S(1), Muslumanoglu M, Yazici H, Igci A, Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Capa, Istanbul, 34390, +Turkey. ndalay@yahoo.com + +Multiple somatic and inherited genetic changes that lead to loss of growth +control may contribute to the development of breast cancer. Microsatellites are +tandem repeats of simple sequences that occur abundantly and at random throughout +most eucaryotic genomes. Microsatellite instability (MI), characterized by the +presence of random contractions or expansions in the length of simple sequence +repeats or microsatellites, is observed in a variety of tumors. The aim of this +study was to compare tumor DNA fingerprints with constitutional DNA fingerprints +to investigate changes specific to breast cancer and evaluate its correlation +with clinical characteristics. Tumor and normal tissue samples of 38 patients +with breast cancer were investigated by comparing PCR-amplified microsatellite +sequences D2S443 and D21S1436. Microsatellite instability at D21S1436 and D2S443 +was found in 5 (13%) and 7 (18%) patients, respectively. Two patients displayed +instability at both marker loci. No association was found between MI and age, +family history, lymph node involvement and other clinical parameters. + +DOI: PAOR.2002.8.2.0138 +PMID: 12172579 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1489. Pathol Int. 2002 Jul;52(7):470-7. + +Expression of MUC5AC in colorectal carcinoma and relationship with prognosis. + +Kocer B(1), Soran A, Erdogan S, Karabeyoglu M, Yildirim O, Eroglu A, Bozkurt B, +Cengiz O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Second General Surgery, Ankara Numune Teaching and Research +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. belmak@mailcity.com + +Overexpression and alterations in the glycosylation of gastric mucins have been +described in colorectal carcinoma. The purpose of our study was to confirm +aberrant expression of MUC5AC in colorectal carcinoma, to investigate +relationships between clinicopathological parameters and MUC5AC expression, and +to determine if MUC5AC expression may be a prognostic factor for colorectal +carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining using an antibody against MUC5AC tandem +repeat epitopes was performed on colorectal tumor specimens (n = 41), their +metastatic tumors in regional lymph nodes (n = 21) and normal colonic mucosa (n = +41). We also documented clinicopathological parameters such as the age and sex of +the patient, location, size, Dukes stage, histological type and grade of the +tumor, pre-sence and number of metastatic lymph nodes, lymphatic, venous and +perineural invasion, presence of preoperative and postoperative metastatic tumors +and tumor recurrence. MUC5AC was expressed in 34.1% of tumor samples, 24.4% of +normal colonic mucosa samples and 19% of lymph node metastases. MUC5AC showed +ectopic expression in colorectal carcinoma and was also expressed strongly in +mucinous carcinoma (60%). The number of tumors that expressed MUC5AC was lower in +patients older than 60 years, in rectum-localized tumors and in patients who had +evidence of recurrence and/or metastasis in the postoperative period. The +patients with MUC5AC-negative tumors had a lower incidence of being disease free +and of overall survival. In conclusion, the patients with MUC5AC-negative tumors +had poor clinicopathological parameters and showed worse survival than patients +with MUC5AC-positive tumors. Absence of MUC5AC expression in tumors can be a +prognostic factor for more aggressive colorectal carcinoma. + + +PMID: 12167106 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1490. Pathol Int. 2002 Jul;52(7):463-9. + +Impact of p53 and Ki-67 in predicting recurrence and progression of superficial +(pTa and pT1) urothelial cell carcinomas of urinary bladder. + +Kilicli-Camur N(1), Kilicaslan I, Gulluoglu MG, Esen T, Uysal V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +In predicting the aggressive behavior of bladder tumors, the histopathological +characteristics of grade and invasive stage are of principal importance. However, +for predicting tumor recurrence and progression, these are sufficient only to a +limited extent, particularly in the case of superficial (pTa and pT1) urothelial +cell carcinomas. New prognostic factors are therefore needed to avoid either +insufficient or excessive treatment. In this retrospective study, we investigated +the prognostic value of the p53 and Ki-67 immunoreactivity indices. The present +study included 118 superficial urinary bladder tumors consisting of 58 recurrent +and 60 non-recurrent cases. Twenty of the recurrent tumors progressed into a +higher grade and/or invasive stage. Paraffin immunohistochemical analysis was +carried out using anti-p53 and anti-Ki-67 antibodies on the initial tumor +tissues. We concluded that there is a highly significant relationship between the +p53 and Ki-67 immunoreactivities and the histological grade and pathological +stage of the tumors (P < 0.0001). We observed a significant relationship between +the presence of recurrence and progression and the p53 immunoreactivity index (P +< 0.01 and P = 0.017, respectively) and Ki-67 immunoreactivity index (P < 0.0001 +and P = 0.046, respectively). Positivity for p53 and Ki-67 can demonstrate the +risk of recurrence (p53: sensitivity = 76%, specificity = 58%; Ki-67: sensitivity += 86%, specificity = 48%) and progression (p53: sensitivity = 80%, specificity = +46%; Ki-67: sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 36%; ). We believe that both of +these immunohistochemical markers can be considered valuable in addition to +classical histopathological prognostic parameters for predicting recurrence and +progression risks. + + +PMID: 12167105 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1491. Endocr Pathol. 2002 Summer;13(2):167-71. + +Encapsulated cystic papillary variant of medullary carcinoma of thyroid gland. + +Ozkara SK(1), Gürbüz Y, Müezzinoğlu B, Yumbal Z. + +Author information: +(1)Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gebze, +Kocaeli, Turkey. Erkacar@sisecam.com.tr + +Papillary variant of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) is an unusual +histologic pattern with some diagnostic difficulties. A case of encapsulated +papillary variant of MCT with extensive cystic appearance is reported. A +euthyroid, 43-yr-old woman with bone pain was incidentally found to have a 4.0-cm +solitary, cold nodule on her left thyroid lobe. Histopathologic examination +revealed an encapsulated tumor composed of a large cystic cavity with small +papillary projections. The papillae were lined by multiple layers of neoplastic +cells with small and regular nuclei containing condensed chromatin and lacking +the characteristic "ground glass" appearance of the papillary carcinoma of the +thyroid gland. Immunohistochemical studies revealed specific cytoplasmic staining +of the tumor cells for calcitonin, chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, +carcinoembryogenic antigen, and cytokeratin. Specific staining for thyroglobulin +was not observed in any neoplastic cell. Staining with Congo red disclosed +amyloid deposits within the stroma. The case was diagnosed as papillary variant +of MCT. Medullary thyroid carcinomas may show a papillary pattern with a totally +cystic gross appearance. Thyroid carcinomas should be classified according to +their major immunoreactivity pattern rather than their morphologic pattern. +Immunohistochemical and/or histochemical studies should be performed in all +thyroid tumors that show unusual histologic features. + + +PMID: 12165666 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1492. Acta Cytol. 2002 Jul-Aug;46(4):664-6. + +Iron deficiency and smoking. Comparative criteria for buccal mucosa +keratinization in menstruating and postmenopausal women. + +Artvinli LB(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of +Dentistry, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To compare the degree of keratinization of buccal mucosa between +nonsmoking menstruating and postmenopausal women without oral complaints whose +iron status was established. +STUDY DESIGN: Samples collected from 26 nonsmoking, regularly menstruating women +(mean age, 26 years) and 18 nonsmoking, postmenopausal women without oral +complaints (mean age, 57 years) were stained according to the method of +Papanicolaou. Keratinization was evaluated by the karyopyknotic index (KI). Iron +status was assessed with blood ferritin levels. +RESULTS: Mean ferritin values of menstruating and postmenopausal women were +statistically significantly different (mean ferritin value = 28.97 micrograms/L +and 103.69 micrograms/L, respectively). The difference in the degree of +keratinization of buccal mucosa between menstruating women (mean KI = 16.03%) and +postmenopausal women (mean KI = 13.16) was statistically nonsignificant. +CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the degree of keratinization of buccal +mucosa does not show any alteration after menopause. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326972 +PMID: 12146027 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1493. Endocr Pathol. 2002 Spring;13(1):75-9. + +Medullary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant. + +Cakir M(1), Altunbas H, Balci MK, Karayalcin U, Karpuzoglu G. + +Author information: +(1)Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and +Metabolism, Antalya, Turkey. + +We report here a 48-yr-old woman presenting with a solitary thyroid nodule in the +left lobe of the thyroid. The aspiration cytology of the nodule was reported as +follicular neoplasia and she underwent surgery. Frozen section was suspicious for +medullary thyroid carcinoma and a total thyroidectomy was performed. The +pathology report revealed medullary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant. +Immunohistochemical analysis was negative for thyroglobulin and positive for +calcitonin. A few patients with this variant have been reported in the +literature, mainly diagnosed by immunohistochemical features of the tumor. In +light of the limited information we have obtained from the literature, it is +reasonable to emphasize that these cases should be distinguished from the mixed +medullary- follicular thyroid carcinomas and medullary carcinomas with entrapped +follicles. Immunohistochemical examination with calcitonin and thyroglobulin is +also essential. + + +PMID: 12114753 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1494. Pathology. 2002 Jun;34(3):233-8. + +Expression of E-cadherin in prostate cancer in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded +tissues: correlation with pathological features. + +Köksal IT(1), Ozcan F, Kiliçaslan I, Tefekli A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Urology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Turkey. koksal@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +AIMS: E-cadherin has been studied recently as a potential marker for tumour +progression. The present study aimed to assess the expression of E-cadherin in +formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded radical prostatectomy specimens and to +compare its expression with the pathological stage and Gleason score. +METHODS: This study comprised a total of 58 men who were selected on the basis of +the negative surgical margins of surgical specimens from radical retropubic +prostatectomies and concomitant pelvic lymph node dissections. Indirect +immunoperoxidase staining was performed as described previously using HECD-1 +monoclonal antibody with the retrieval of antigen by treatment of the +paraffin-embedded tissue with microwaves in citrate buffer. +RESULTS: Aberrant staining patterns of E-cadherin were observed in 18 (64%) and +in 25 (83%) of cases with pathological stages pT2 and pT3a, respectively +(P>0.05). Immunohistochemical examination also revealed aberrant staining +patterns of E-cadherin in 16 (89%) of specimens with Gleason score > or =7 and in +27 (68%) of specimens with Gleason score <7 (P>0.05). Biochemical recurrence was +identified in three (5%) patients and immunohistochemical examination of their +specimens revealed aberrant staining patterns of E-cadherin molecule in all of +them. +CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results indicate that, even though we could not +demonstrate any significant correlation between E-cadherin staining pattern and +tumour invasion and Gleason scores, aberrant staining patterns of E-cadherin may +be a significant predictor for disease recurrence following radical +prostatectomies if supported by large scale studies. + + +PMID: 12109783 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1495. J Cutan Pathol. 2002 May;29(5):301-4. + +A case of Sweet's syndrome developed after the treatment of herpes simplex +infection in a metastatic breast cancer patient. + +Coskun U(1), Gunel N, Senol E, Ilter N, Dursun A, Tuzun D. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Medical School, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, +Turkey. ugurcos@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Sweet's syndrome or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is +associated with several systemic diseases such as malignancies and infectious +diseases. +METHODS: We present a 34-year-old woman with Sweet's syndrome associated with +both herpes infection and metastatic disease. +RESULTS: Skin biopsy showed neutrophilic infiltrates in the dermis confirming the +diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. +CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the second case of Sweet's syndrome +associated with herpes simplex infection in the literature. Further observations +are required to determine the relationship between Sweet's syndrome and herpetic +infection. + + +PMID: 12100632 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1496. Pathol Int. 2002 May-Jun;52(5-6):384-9. + +Bcl-2, iNOS, p53 and PCNA expression in normal, disordered proliferative, +hyperplastic and malignant endometrium. + +Cinel L(1), Polat A, Aydin O, Düşmez D, Eğilmez R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mersin University, School of Medicine, Mersin, +Turkey. leycinel@hotmail.com + +We attempted to determine Bcl-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), p53 and +proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, and the relationships +between them, in endometrioid adenocarcinomas and precursor lesions. Expression +of Bcl-2, iNOS, p53 and PCNA were investigated immunohistochemically in 91 +samples from benign (proliferative (pEM), secretory (sEM), disordered +proliferative (dEM), inactive/atrophic (aEM), hyperplastic endometrium) and +malignant endometrial tissue. Staining scores for Bcl-2 in the dEM, endometrial +hyperplasia (EMH) and endometrioid cancer (ECA) groups were higher than in the +pEM group (P = 0.004; P = 0.036 and P = 0.020, respectively). A significant +difference in proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining was found between +simple and complex EMH samples (P = 0.000). An inverse relationship was found +between iNOS and p53 in the hyperplasia group (r = -0.533, P = 0.019). While a +significant difference was found in p53 staining in ECA between the pEM, dEM and +EMH groups, no such difference was found in iNOS staining. In addition, there was +no direct relationship between iNOS and p53 in the ECA group. It was concluded +that the interaction between iNOS, p53 and Bcl-2 in proliferative processes in +the development of type 1 endometrioid adenocarcinomas is different from that in +tumors originating in other organs. + + +PMID: 12100521 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1497. APMIS. 2002 May;110(5):391-5. + +Investigation of Candida dubliniensis in Candida spp.-positive hemocultures. + +Dolapci I(1), Tekeli A, Gocmen JS, Aysev D, Guriz H. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Clinical +Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey. + +Candida dubliniensis is one of the Candida species which was first recognized in +1995. The yeast was misidentified because of its phenotypic similarities with +Candida albicans. In this study, blood samples of patients from various +departments at Ankara University Medical Faculty between January 1996 and +September 2000 were investigated for distribution of Candida spp. and presence of +C. dubliniensis. Ninety-eight culture positive fungi were included in the study. +Phenotypic tests for identification of C. dubliniensis and tests for +differentiation of the yeast from C. albicans, such as colony morphology on Staib +agar, growth at 42 degrees C and 45 degrees C, beta-glucosidase activity and +carbohydrate assimilation, were carried out. Sixty-four of the isolates produced +germ tubes and chlamydospores, and none of them had the phenotypic +characteristics of C. dubliniensis. Further large-scale studies of specific +patient groups are necessary to reveal the etiologic importance of this yeast. + + +PMID: 12076256 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1498. Cytopathology. 2002 Jun;13(3):160-3. + +Cytological findings of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: a report +of two cases. + +Ongürü O(1), Deveci S, Günhan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. onguruo@yahoo.com + + +PMID: 12060078 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1499. Toxicol Pathol. 2002 May-Jun;30(3):350-6. + +The effects of methyl methacrylate on nasal cavity, lung, and antioxidant system +(an experimental inhalation study). + +Aydin O(1), Attila G, Dogan A, Aydin MV, Canacankatan N, Kanik A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Mersin University Medical School, Mersin-Icel, +Turkey. ozlemaydin66@hotmail.com + +Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a monomer, commonly used in neurosurgery, orthopedic +surgery, and in dental clinics. The adverse effects of this monomer are well +described in the literature. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of +MMA on nasal cavity, lung, and antioxidant status. For this purpose, two +experimental groups of rats were exposed to MMA (at 1,000 ppm, 6 h/day, 5 +days/week for 4 weeks) by inhalation under poor (group A, n = 12) and normal +ventilation (group B, n = 11) conditions. A control group (group C, n = 10) +received normal air. Degeneration of olfactory epithelium, bronchopneumonia, +interstitial pneumonia, hemorrhage, atelectasis, edema, emphysema, and bronchial +epithelial hyperplasia were observed in groups A and B. Emphysema was the most +common lesion. Bronchopneumonia with abscesses was only observed in group A. +Glutathione levels were significantly decreased and malondialdehyde levels were +significantly increased in group A. No significant difference was observed in +superoxide dismutase levels between the groups. The data presented indicate that +before using MMA, adequate protection systems should be in place to prevent +occupationally related MMA respiratory-tract injuries. + +DOI: 10.1080/01926230252929927 +PMID: 12051552 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1500. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198(4):267-71. + +Immunohistological analysis of mast cell numbers in the intratumoral and +peritumoral regions of prostate carcinoma compared to benign prostatic +hyperplasia. + +Aydin O(1), Dusmez D, Cinel L, Doruk E, Kanik A. + +Author information: +(1)Mersin University Medical School, Department of Pathology, Icel-Mersin, +Turkey. ozlemaydin66@hotmail.com + +Recently, some studies reported the presence of mast cells in various +malignancies and their role in tumor growth. The aim of the study was to +determine the utility of mast cell numbers in evaluating benign and malignant +prostate lesions, and to ascertain whether there are variations in the numbers of +mast cells with the Gleason grade. The relationship between mast cell numbers and +patient age was also investigated. Retrospectively, 104 prostate specimens were +examined for the presence of mast cells. The study group consisted of 57 benign +prostatic hyperplasias and 47 prostate carcinomas. The paraffin sections were +stained with anti-human mast cell tryptase immunohistologically. The numbers of +positively staining cells in five high-power fields were counted, and their mean +was calculated. There was no relationship found between mast cell numbers and age +statistically. The mean mast cell numbers of the intratumoral region were +significantly different from those of the peritumoral region (p = 0.0001). While +the difference between benign hyperplasia and the intratumoral region was found +to be significant (p = 0.0001), no difference between hyperplasia and the +peritumoral region was noted (p = 0.762). There was no statistical difference +between Gleason score groups (p = 0.452), and there was no interaction between +score groups and intraperitumoral regions (p = 0.355). + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00253 +PMID: 12049335 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1501. Acta Cytol. 2002 May-Jun;46(3):513-8. + +The gray zone in breast fine needle aspiration cytology. How to report on it? + +Ozkara SK(1), Ustün MO, Paksoy N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kocaeli, Izmit, +Kocaeli, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To study the "gray zone" in breast fine needle aspiration cytology in +which an unequivocal diagnosis cannot be reached with fine needle aspiration +cytology findings. +STUDY DESIGN: This study compared cytology and histopathology of 72 breast +lesions in which an initial cytologic diagnosis of atypia was given. +RESULTS: There were 36 benign (50%) and 36 malignant (50%) histologic biopsy +cases in the cytologic atypia group. Anisonucleosis, chromatin and nuclear +membrane irregularity, and presence of myoepithelial cells were significantly +different in benign and malignant cases. +CONCLUSION: The gray zone in breast fine needle aspiration cytology is a broad +spectrum that changes from proliferative fibrocystic disease to sclerosing +adenosis to malignancy. Diagnosing gray zone pathology as atypical in fine needle +aspiration cytology causes no delay in treatment as excisional biopsy is +recommended for all equivocal cases. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326870 +PMID: 12040646 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1502. Pathol Int. 2002 Apr;52(4):326-30. + +Testicular (gonadal stromal) fibroma: case report and review of the literature. + +Deveci MS(1), Deveci G, Ongürü O, Kilciler M, Celasun B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, +School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. msdeveci@gata.edu.tr + +A 25-year-old man presented with complaint of a painless enlargement in his left +testis. The solid, encapsulated, circumscribed and grayish-white testicular mass +displayed the characteristics of testicular fibroma histologically. It was +composed of acellular collagenized plaques and hypercellular areas of +fibroblastic spindle cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were +positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin, but not for cytokeratin, S-100 +protein, desmin, CD99/MIC2 (a protein expressed by Sertoli cells and granulosa +cells) and CD34. Only 18 cases of testicular (gonadal stromal) fibroma composed +exclusively of spindle cells have been reported to date. An additional case of +fibroma, which lacks definite neoplastic sex cord elements, and its differential +diagnosis from other mesenchymal lesions of testis are discussed here, together +with other cases in the literature. + + +PMID: 12031091 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1503. Vet Pathol. 2002 Mar;39(2):281-5. + +Mixed apocrine sweat gland tumor of the tail in a cow. + +Gulbahar MY(1), Alkan I, Aslan L, Golen I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Yuzuncu +Yil, Zeve Kampusu, Turkey. + +A 4-year-old native-breed cow had a mass with wide areas of ulceration and +hemorrhage at the base of the tail at the same level as the vulva. The tumor was +19 X 13 X 11 cm, appeared red-brown, and was firm to hard, with gritty areas +apparent on cut surface. Histologically, the tumor mass was composed of +multilayered epithelial cells forming glandular structures with occasional apical +blebs and rare solidly packed cells in nests. The stroma included fibrous +connective tissue, scattered or periglandular sheets of spindle-shaped cells +resembling myoepithelium, several cartilaginous formations, and numerous +irregular islands of mineralized osteoid, well-formed bone trabeculae lined by +osteoblasts, and many osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells among or near +the neoplastic epithelium. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic epithelium was +positive for pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE2) and cytokeratin 19 but was negative for +cytokeratin 18. Spindle-shaped cells were stained with alpha smooth muscle actin +(alphaSMA) and to a lesser extent vimentin antibodies. The cells of osteogenic +lineage and spindle cells closely associated with the osteoid showed strong +immunostaining for vimentin but not for alphaSMA. Immunostaining for +neuron-specific enolase and S100 protein was not observed in any component of the +tumor mass. These findings suggested that the origin of bone formation was +undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with osteogenic potential. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.39-2-281 +PMID: 12009069 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1504. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2002 May-Jun;5(3):299-304. + +Histologic features of the liver in type Ia glycogen storage disease: comparative +study between different age groups and consecutive biopsies. + +Göğüş S(1), Koçak N, Ciliv G, Karabulut E, Akçören Z, Kale G, Cağlar M. + +Author information: +(1)Pediatric Pathology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University +School of Medicine, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. + +In this report, the histologic criteria for the diagnosis of type Ia glycogen +storage disease (GSD) in a wide age range were studied. Liver needle biopsies of +44 patients with type Ia GSD confirmed by enzyme analysis were re-evaluated and +compared. Fatty change, nuclear hyperglycogenation (NH), and fibrosis were +examined and graded. The second biopsies of 14 patients were also evaluated and +compared with the first ones. The patients were grouped according to age: group +I: <1 year (18 cases), group II: 1-5 years (19 cases), group III: >5 years (7 +cases). A mosaic pattern was detected in all biopsies. The amount of fibrosis in +group I was less than that in the other two groups. The fatty change in group I +was more prominent. There was not much difference in the amount of NH between age +groups. In comparing the two different biopsies of 14 patients, the amount of +fibrosis was found to be increased in 7 cases. NH was also increased in a +different group of 7 patients. These findings were both statistically +significant. The amount of fatty change was minimal in most of the cases. +Fibrosis is associated with types III, IV, VI, IX, and X GSD. Our results support +previous studies stating that fibrosis may also be present and varies in extent +in type I GSD. Fatty change as large lipid vacuoles and NH may not be seen in +many cases of type I GSD. Therefore, histologic criteria for the diagnosis of GSD +may not be specific, and enzyme analysis should be performed. + +DOI: 10.1007/s10024001-0139-6 +PMID: 12007023 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1505. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2002 Apr;6(2):94-9. + +Vimentin, smooth muscle actin, desmin, S-100 protein, p53, and estrogen receptor +expression in elastofibroma and nodular fasciitis. + +Kayaselçuk F(1), Demirhan B, Kayaselçuk U, Ozerdem OR, Tuncer I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Başkent University, School of Medicine, Adana Medical +Center, Turkey. + +Elastofibroma and nodular fasciitis are two rare, benign soft tissue tumors. +Elastofibroma is suggested to develop as a result of abnormal degeneration of +elastic fibers after local trauma. Similarly, fibroblastic proliferation, which +is triggered by local trauma or nonspecific inflammatory event, is suggested to +play an important role in the origin of nodular fasciitis. In this +immunohistochemical study, vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, S-100 +protein, p53, and estrogen receptors were applied to paraffin sections of 10 +elastofibroma and four nodular fasciitis specimens to learn more about their +histogenesis and biological behavior. All cases with nodular fibrosis were +strongly SMA and vimentin positive, while only three weakly stained with estrogen +receptor antibody. There was no immunreactivity for S-100, desmin, and p53 in +nodular fasciitis. However, all elastofibroma cases were stained positively with +vimentin. No staining was observed with SMA, S-100, desmin, and p53 in +elastofibroma. The staining pattern of nodular fasciitis supported a +myofibroblastic origin, whereas the SMA negativity in elastofibroma was +correlated with fibroblastic origin. + +Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. + + +PMID: 12004356 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1506. Pathol Oncol Res. 2002;8(1):36-40. + +CD44 variant exons in leukemia and lymphoma. + +Akisik E(1), Bavbek S, Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute Capa, +Istanbul, 34390, Turkey. + +CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein expressed on different cell types that +functions in lymphocyte activation and homing, extracellular matrix adhesion and +cellular migration. CD44 is encoded by a single gene composed of at least 20 +exons. The standard CD44 protein (CD44S or CD44H) is the hematopoietic form of +CD44 in lymphoid cells. Variant isoforms (designated from v1 to v10) are formed +by addition of new exons to the extracellular domain. High levels of CD44v6 +expression has been observed in some tumors and are associated with metastatic +spread. The aim of the present study was to investigate and evaluate expression +of the CD44v6 and v6-containing variants as a possible marker in chronic myeloid +leukemia and lymphoma by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. CD44 +exon v6 was detected in all patients and all individuals in the control group. +CD44v6-v10 mRNA was observed in 25 patients but in none of the subjects in the +control group. CD44v6/v9-10, CD44v6-v7, CD44v6/v10 transcripts were detected in +11, 6, and 2 patients, respectively. CD44v6-7/v9-10 transcripts were not observed +in either the patients or the healthy individuals. We conclude that CD44v6-v10 +expression may be associated with hematologic malignancies. + + +PMID: 11994761 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1507. J Comp Pathol. 2002 Feb-Apr;126(2-3):216-9. + +Undifferentiated ganglioneuroblastoma in a sheep. + +Yener Z(1), Kiran MM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Yuzuncu +Yil, Van, Turkey. + +Ganglioneuroblastoma, presumably originating from the adrenal medulla, was found +in an 18-month-old sheep. Histologically, the tumour was mainly composed of +undifferentiated neuroblasts with neuropil and occasional ganglion cells. The +morphological and immunohistochemical features with respect to intermediate +filament proteins and the neuroendocrine nature of the tumour are described. The +neoplastic cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin and +vimentin. + +Copyright Harcourt Publishers Ltd. + +DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.2001.0527 +PMID: 11945011 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1508. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198(2):77-84. + +Immunohistochemical detection of pS2 protein and heat shock protein-70 in +pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Relationship with disease extent and patient +survival. + +Sagol O(1), Tuna B, Coker A, Karademir S, Obuz F, Astarcioglu H, Küpelioglu A, +Astarcioglu I, Topalak O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +sagolo@deu.edu.tr + +We investigated pS2 and HSP-70 protein expression in 36 pancreatic +adenocarcinomas for their effect on disease extent and patient outcome. The cases +were reviewed, histologically diagnosed, typed, graded, and staged. Lymphatic +vessel, blood vessel and perineural invasion as well as lymph node, resection +margin and adjacent organ involvements were re-evaluated. The standard +streptavidin biotin immunperoxidase method was used for immunostaining with pS2 +and HSP-70 antibodies. Cytoplasmic staining with both antibodies was scored +semiquantitatively. The scores were compared with histopathological prognostic +parameters using statistical methods. Standard prognostic parameters and staining +scores were tested by survival analysis in terms of their effect on survival. All +the tumors showed a positive cytoplasmic reaction with HSP-70 antibody. +Seventy-seven percent of the tumors showed positive cytoplasmic staining with pS2 +antibody (22.2% +, 13.9% ++ and 41.7% +++). There was a statistically significant +difference between HSP-70 staining scores with N status and final stages of the +tumors (Chi-square, p = 0.03 and p = 0.026, respectively), while neither direct +nor inverse correlation was detected for both parameters. PS2 staining scores +showed no statistically significant relationship with tumor grade T, M status, +perineural invasion, lymph and blood vessel invasion. In tumors with extensive +staining with pS2, tumor stage tended to be low (Chi square, p = 0.024, Kendall +Tau-b, r: -0.336, p = 0.036). There was a statistically significant difference +and inverse correlation between tumors with extensive pS2 staining and tumors +with less intense staining in terms of lymph node metastasis (Chi-square, p = +0.041, Kendall Tau: p = 0.024, r = -0,373). In the R0 resection group, in +univariate analysis, we found that with higher scores of HSP-70 staining, the +prognosis of the patient tended to improve. (Cox regression, p = 0.013). In +multivariate analysis, HSP-70 expression was found to be an independent +prognostic factor. We found no relationship between pS2 staining and patient +survival. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00190 +PMID: 11928868 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1509. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2002 Apr;21(2):161-6. + +Tenascin expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrium. + +Sedele M(1), Karaveli S, Peştereli HE, Simşek T, Elpek G, Uner M, Sargin CF. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Antalya State Hospital, Turkey. + +Tenascin (TN) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein (ECM) that participates in +embryogenesis and carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate +immunohistochemically the expression of TN in the normal, hyperplastic, and +neoplastic endometrium (endometrial adenocarcinoma). In the adenocarcinomas, the +results were correlated with patient age, menopausal status, stage, grade, +myometrial invasion, and vascular invasion. TN expression was studied in the +following cases: proliferative endometrium (10 cases), early secretory +endometrium (10), secretory endometrium (10), simple hyperplasia (15), complex +hyperplasia (15), atypical hyperplasia (15), and endometrial adenocarcinomas +(25). Staining of basal membranes and the cytoplasm of the stromal and epithelial +cells was evaluated semiquantitatively. Positive staining was observed in the +vascular and glandular basal membranes, stromal cells, and epithelial cells of +proliferative, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrium. The difference in +percentage of stained stromal cells between the neoplastic and the nonneoplastic +(proliferative and hyperplastic) endometrium was significant (p<0.005). However, +the percentage of stained epithelial cell area in hyperplasia was significantly +higher than that of adenocarcinoma and functional endometrium (p<0.005). We +conclude that TN is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that plays a role in +proliferation and possibly endometrial carcinogenesis. + + +PMID: 11917226 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1510. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(4):279-83. + +Her-2/neu gene amplification compared with HER-2/neu protein overexpression on +ultrasound guided core-needle biopsy specimens of breast carcinoma. + +Kaya H(1), Ragazzini T, Aribal E, Güney I, Kotiloglu E. + +Author information: +(1)Marmara University Hospital, Department of Pathology Altunizade, Istanbul, +81190, Turkey. hkaya@superonline.com + +Genomic amplification and oncoprotein overexpression of Her-2/neu was studied on +ultrasound core needle biopsy specimens of the infiltrative ductal carcinomas of +the breast. We performed two colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for +Her-2/neu and chromosome 17 and compared the FISH results with the +immunohistochemical overexpression of Her-2/neu protein by 2 antibodies (DAKO +HercepTest and the BioGenex monoclonal antibody AM 134-5M). Furthermore, +following radical mastectomy with axillary dissection, Her-2/neu status of the +patients were compared with the well known histopathological prognostic factors +such as histologic grade, tumor stage, lympho/ vascular invasion, surgical margin +status and Paget s disease. Amplification was demonstrated 27% of the cases. +Her-2/neu protein overexpression was detected in 47% and 80% of the cases with +CB11 and HercepTest respectively. We revealed statistically significant +association between the tumor, oncoprotein expression and oncogene amplification +(p<0.05). The results of our study showed that combination of IHC and FISH +methods enhances the evaluation of tumor genetics at both gene and protein level +for the analysis of Her-2/neu in breast carcinoma. + + +PMID: 11882907 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1511. Pathol Int. 2001 Oct;51(10):812-5. + +Localized pleural malignant mesothelioma. + +Erkiliç S(1), Sari I, Tunçözgür B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gaziantep University School of Medicine, Turkey. +serk52@yahoo.com + +Pleural malignant mesothelioma (PMM) is a rare tumor and it is commonly seen in +the form of multiple nodules or a diffuse tumor. A localized tumor mass in the +pleura is extremely rare. Only seven cases have been reported. In this report, we +present an additional case of localized PMM and describe the immunohistochemical +and flow cytometric findings. A 61-year-old woman, without a history of smoking +or asbestos exposure, presented with a severe pain in her right shoulder and arm. +Chest radiography showed a solitary mass in the right upper lung field. Computed +tomography showed a 5 cm right upper lung mass. Magnetic resonance imaging showed +that the mass extended to the wall of the thorax. The patient underwent surgery +for total removal of the tumor. Pathology revealed a localized malignant +mesothelioma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the tumor was strongly and +diffusely positive for cytokeratins with high and low molecular weight, and +focally positive for vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), but it was +negative for carcinoembryonic antigen, Factor VIII, alpha-fetoprotein and Leu-M1. +Flow cytometry showed an aneuploid DNA content in the tumor. The final diagnosis +was localized malignant mesothelioma (epithelial type). The patient showed signs +of local recurrence 5 months after surgery, and radiotherapy was given. + + +PMID: 11881736 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1512. Pathol Int. 2001 Oct;51(10):792-6. + +Leydig cell tumor of the testis: comparison of histopathological and +immunohistochemical features of three azoospermic cases and one malignant case. + +Hekimgil M(1), Altay B, Yakut BD, Soydan S, Ozyurt C, Killi R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +hekimgil@alpha.med.ege.edu.tr + +Leydig cell tumors of the testis are rare, mostly presenting as a testicular mass +or as endocrinological symptoms. Here, three patients who were admitted for +investigation of primary infertility and one patient presenting with a testicular +mass are reported. The histological features were reviewed and an +immunohistochemical study was done using a panel of antibodies against +cytokeratin, vimentin, inhibin A, S-100, Ki-67, follicle-stimulating hormone, +luteinizing hormone, prolactin, p53, bcl-2, and c-erbB2. The latter case (lost +during follow up of metastatic disease) demonstrated massive tumor necrosis, +extension through the tunica albuginea, and a high mitotic activity and MIB-1 +score. Only this malignant case was bcl-2 positive. Of the two oncogenic markers +studied, none of the cases were positive for c-erb2, while p53 was positive in +more than 50% of cells in the malignant case and in one case of infertility with +a large tumor, hemorrhage, focal necrosis and atypical cytological features. We +recommend the evaluation of infertile men for Leydig cell tumors, and we believe +that a panel of antibodies, including Ki-67, p53 and bcl-2, used for +immunohistochemical analysis could be of diagnostic value in the identification +of malignant and borderline cases of Leydig cell tumor. + + +PMID: 11881732 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1513. Pathobiology. 2001;69(3):120-6. + +Autophagy and nuclear changes in FM3A breast tumor cells after epirubicin, +medroxyprogesterone and tamoxifen treatment in vitro. + +Bilir A(1), Altinoz MA, Erkan M, Ozmen V, Aydiner A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, +Turkey. bilira@istanbul.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: Autophagy is a form of physiological programmed cell death which is +observable after hormonal withdrawal. In this study, the FM3A murine breast tumor +cell line was treated with epirubicin alone and with medroxyprogesterone acetate +(MPA) or tamoxifen, to determine if structural and kinetic signs of autophagy may +also occur in an enhanced manner during epirubicin sensitization via hormonal +agents. +METHODS: One-week soft agar colony growth, 96-hour values of plating and pulse +thymidine labeling and electron microscopical examinations were performed +following treatment with MPA and tamoxifen alone or with epirubicin. +RESULTS: Tamoxifen induced signs of autophagy, which was enhanced when it was +combined with MPA. Epirubicin also induced autophagy of secretory granules, which +coalesced to form an intracytoplasmic lumen. Combining MPA with epirubicin +enhanced the formation of apoptotic blebs and chromatin fragmentation. When +epirubicin was combined with tamoxifen, peculiar nuclear structures were formed. +CONCLUSIONS: Hormonal agents may modulate anthracycline activity towards specific +patterns in eliciting cell death, via autophagy and/or as yet unknown +nucleolus-specific interactions. + +Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel + +DOI: 10.1159/000048766 +PMID: 11872957 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1514. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198(1):7-12. + +Prognostic importance of tumor angiogenesis in breast carcinoma with adjuvant +chemotherapy. + +Gunel N(1), Akcali Z, Coskun U, Akyol G, Yamac D, Yenidünya S. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Medical School, Department of Medical Oncology, Turkey. +nazangun@hotmail.com + +Tumor angiogenesis is believed to be related to prognostic factors involved in +tumor development and metastasis. Using immunohistochemical methods, we evaluated +tumor angiogenesis in 42 early invasive breast cancer patients (T1-2, NO-1-2, +M0). Four patients received tamoxifen, 25 patients received CAF or CA, and 15 +patients received CMF as adjuvant therapy. The median follow-up was 47 (range +24-119) months. Ten patients (43.5%) in the node-positive group and 2 patients +(10.5%) in the node-negative group relapsed (p = 0.019). The mean microvessel +count (MVC) was 60.3 3.05 per 200x field (range: 16-95). MVCs of postmenopausal +and premenopausal patients were 50.13 +/- 5.74 and 68.64 +/- 4.11, respectively, +in the axillary lymph node (ALN)-negative patient group (p = 0.04). Staining was +moderate to strong in 13 (68%) ALN-negative and in 17 (74%) ALN-positive patients +(p > 0.05), and was also moderate to strong in 82% of premenopausal patients and +in 50% of postmenopausal patients (p = 0.037). There was no significant +relationship between angiogenesis and p53, nor was angiogenesis significantly +associated with the patient ER status and tumor size. No significant correlations +were found between OS/DFS and Factor VIII staining or p53 (log rank test, p > +0.05). Of all ALN-negative patients with increased angiogenesis, one patient of +the CMF group relapsed, but no recurrence occurred in patients undergoing +anthracycline-based chemotherapy (p > 0.05). On the other hand, of all +ALN-positive patients with increased angiogenesis, 5/14 patients treated with +anthracylcine and 2/2 CMF-treated patients relapsed (p = 0.175). Despite the +statistical insignificance, anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy appears to +be more effective than CMF as regards relapse prevention particularly in early +ALN-positive breast cancer patients with increased angiogenesis. Additional +studies are necessary to demonstrate the clinical importance of angiogenesis. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00177 +PMID: 11866215 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1515. APMIS. 2001 Dec;109(12):870-4. + +EGFR and p53 expression and proliferative activity in parathyroid adenomas; an +immunohistochemical study. + +Gülkesen KH(1), Kiliçarslan B, Altunbaş HA, Karpuzoglu G. + +Author information: +(1)Akdeniz University, Pathology Department, Antalya, Turkey. +gulkesen@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), p53, and proliferative markers provide +some clues as to the formation of several tumours. In this study the mechanism of +the genesis of parathyroid adenomas was investigated using immunohistochemistry. +Sections of parathyroid adenomas from 12 cases were stained using PCNA +(proliferating cell nuclear antigen), EGFR, and p53 immunohistochemistry. +Correlations between PCNA LI (labelling index), EGFR expression, p53 expression, +age, serum parathormone, Ca and P levels, and tumour diameter were investigated. +PCNA LI was 45.8+/-33.1 (mean+/-standard deviation) and all the cases were +somewhat positive. Five cases (41.67 %) were EGFR positive. Maximum 10 % of the +cells were positive in these cases. All the cases were p53 negative. There was a +correlation between PCNA LI and serum parathormone level (r=0.607, p=0.036). +According to these results, parathormone synthesis is high when the proliferative +activity of parathyroid adenoma is high. Four of the five EGFR-positive patients +were below 35 years of age. These data may indicate that formation of parathyroid +adenoma in young patients is related to a mechanism involving EGFR. Absence of +p53 expression suggests that p53 mutation is not a common component of +parathyroid adenomas. + + +PMID: 11846729 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1516. Pathol Int. 2001 Dec;51(12):938-41. + +The values of intratumoral mast cell count and Ki-67 immunoreactivity index in +differential diagnosis of uterine smooth muscle neoplasms. + +Yavuz E(1), Güllüoğlu MG, Akbaş N, Tuzlali S, Ilhan R, Iplikçi A, Akhan SE. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gynecologic Pathology Division, Istanbul Medical +Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey. ekremyavuz@ixir.com + +In this study, the role of the count of intratumoral mast cells was examined and +compared with the proliferative activity exhibited by Ki-67 indices in the +differential diagnosis of uterine smooth muscle tumors. Sixteen cases of +leiomyosarcoma, nine cases of atypical leiomyoma and 16 cases of ordinary +leiomyoma were included. The pathological features of the cases were determined +by reviewing the archive materials including the patient records and +hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Toluidine blue stain was used to highlight +the intratumoral mast cells and they were counted in at least 40 high power +fields. A standard streptavidin-biotin method was applied to the sections to +highlight the Ki-67 immunoreactive tumor cell nuclei. These proliferative cells +were counted in at least 10 high-power fields. Atypical leiomyomas tended to have +a higher quantity of intratumoral mast cells than leiomyosarcomas and ordinary +leiomyomas (P = 0.027 and P = 0.021, respectively). Leiomyosarcomas tended to +have higher Ki-67 immunoreactivity rates than atypical leiomyomas, although the +difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.82). We concluded that the +quantity of intratumoral mast cells is useful in the differential diagnosis +between leiomyosarcomas and atypical leiomyomas, while the cell proliferation +rate expressed by Ki-67 immunoreactivity has a limited value. + + +PMID: 11844066 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1517. Endocr Pathol. 2001 Fall;12(3):301-5. + +Bcl-2 and p53 expression in insular and in well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas +with an insular pattern. + +Peştereli HE(1), Oğüş M, Oren N, Karpuzoğlu G, Kerpuzoğlu T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. + +Expression of p53 and bcl-2 oncogenes was investigated in poorly differentiated, +so-called insular carcinomas of the thyroid gland and also in the follicular and +papillary carcinomas with an insular component. Hematoxylin-eosin sections of 217 +thyroid carcinomas were reevaluated for insular carcinoma and also for thyroid +carcinomas with an insular component. Immunohistochemical staining method was +used for detecting p53 and bcl-2 expression on paraffin blocks of three pure +insular, five follicular or papillary thyroid carcinomas with a major insular +component (more than 50%) and six with a minor insular component (20-50%). Flow +cytometry was also performed in these cases. None of the cases showed p53 +immunoreactivity. Bcl-2 expression was observed in all cases and the most intense +staining was seen in insular areas. All the cases were diploid. We suggest that +bcl-2 plays a role in loss of differentiation of thyroid carcinomas. + + +PMID: 11740051 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1518. J Clin Pathol. 2001 Dec;54(12):940-4. + +The prognostic relevance of angiogenesis and mast cells in squamous cell +carcinoma of the oesophagus. + +Elpek GO(1), Gelen T, Aksoy NH, Erdoğan A, Dertsiz L, Demircan A, Keleş N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Medical School, Dekanlik, 07070 +Antalya, Turkey. elpek@med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +AIMS: Angiogenesis, an important prognostic factor in several tumours, is a +complex event mediated by angiogenic factors released from cancer cells and host +immune cells. Among the host immune cells, a role has been implicated for mast +cells in tumour progression via promoting angiogenesis. Data have been recorded +that indicate a correlation between intratumoral neovascularisation, as assessed +by microvessel density (MVD), and prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of +the oesophagus. However, a correlation between mast cell density (MCD) and either +prognosis or angiogenesis has not been delineated yet in this disease. The aim of +this study was to investigate the prognostic value of MVD and MCD in SCC of the +oesophagus. The correlation between MVD and MCD was also evaluated. +METHODS: MVD and MCD were investigated in tumour specimens from 53 patients +diagnosed with SCC of the oesophagus. Intratumoral microvessels were stained with +anti-CD34 antibody and mast cells with toluidine blue before being measured by +light microscopy. +RESULTS: Both MVD and MCD were associated with the depth of wall invasion, lymph +node metastasis, and tumour progression (stage). A significant correlation was +noted between MVD and MCD values (r = 0.72). The prognosis was significantly +worse in patients with high MVD (> or = 92) and high MCD (> or = 18) values. +Multivariate analysis indicated that MVD and stage were independent predictors of +survival. +CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the suggestion that MVD is a reliable +prognostic marker in SCC of the oesophagus. Moreover, MCD may have a role in the +angiogenesis of these tumours and might be responsible for their aggressive +behaviour. + + +PMCID: PMC1731336 +PMID: 11729214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1519. Acta Cytol. 2001 Nov-Dec;45(6):990-4. + +Touch imprint cytology in biopsy of the infertile testis. + +Düşmez D(1), Aydin O, Akbay E, Cayan S, Kanik EA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Mersin, School of Medicine, Turkey. +dusmezduygu@hotmail.com + +OBJECTIVE: To identify different cell types in the testis by using touch imprint +cytology and to compare the cytologic findings to the histopathologic diagnosis +in infertile men. +STUDY DESIGN: This prospective study used touch imprint preparations and included +20 infertile men. The biopsy material obtained was stained with toluidine blue, +May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain and Papanicolaou stain. The cytologic results for +oligospermic, normospermic and azospermic men were compared to the specific +histopathologic diagnosis. The proportion of spermatogenic versus Sertoli cells +was calculated. The scores were compared between three groups based on the +results of the histologic biopsy: normal spermatogenesis, hypospermatogenesis and +incomplete spermatogenic arrest. +RESULTS: The mean ratio of the spermatogenic cells versus Sertoli cells was +statistically significantly different in the three groups (P < .01). The mean +ratio of spermatogenic cells to Sertoli cells was higher in cases with normal +spermatogenesis than in cases with hypospermatogenesis and incomplete +spermatogenic arrest, revealing a statistical difference (P<.01). This ratio was +not statistically significantly different between the hypospermatogenesis and +incomplete spermatogenic arrest groups. +CONCLUSION: A cytologic demonstration of germinal cells by using touch imprint +preparations may be a guide for histologic diagnosis. + +DOI: 10.1159/000328376 +PMID: 11726130 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1520. Acta Cytol. 2001 Nov-Dec;45(6):1008-10. + +Infarction after fine needle aspiration biopsy of pleomorphic adenoma of the +parotid gland. + +Bayramoğlu H(1), Düzcan E, Akbulut M, Topuz B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, +Turkey. hbayramoglu@hotmail.com + +BACKGROUND: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a well-established and safe method +for the rapid diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. A few clinically important +complications, including bleeding, infection and inflammatory reactions, result +from FNA. In a small number of cases FNA has been followed by varying degrees of +necrosis in some organs. In the literature there are a few reports associated +with necrosis in a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland following FNA. +CASE: A 27-year-old female had a two-year history of a right parotid mass. FNA +revealed pleomorphic adenoma. A histologic diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma of +the right parotid with infarction was made. +CONCLUSION: Necrosis associated with infarction may cause diagnostic problems. It +is not a sufficient sign of malignant transformation. + +DOI: 10.1159/000328346 +PMID: 11726095 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1521. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(3):213-6. + +Proliferating activity in differential diagnosis of benign phyllodes tumor and +cellular fibroadenomas: is it helpful? + +Kaya R(1), Pestereli HE, Erdogan G, Gülkesen KH, Karaveli S. + +Author information: +(1)School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Patoloji +Anabilim Dali, Arapsuyu, Antalya, Turkey. + +Benign phyllodes tumors and fibroadenomas are two types of fibroepithelial tumors +of breast that are usually difficult to differentiate. The purpose of this study +is to evaluate the proliferative activity of these tumors and to find out if it +helps in differential diagnosis. Thirty-one benign phyllodes tumors and twelve +cellular fibroadenomas were retrieved from the archives of Pathology Department +of Akdeniz University, School of Medicine. Proliferating activity of epithelial +and stromal cells were evaluated by using labeling index (LI) of proliferating +cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 antigen by immunohistochemistry. The +results were compared with other clinicopathologic findings. There was not any +significant difference between the proliferating activity of phyllodes tumor and +cellular fibroadenomas. Mean LI of PCNA was 28.01 (+/-22.85) in stromal cells and +56.57 (+/-30.98) in epithelial cells of phyllodes tumor where it was 28.92 +(+/-24.02) and 62.53 (+/-32.56) in fibroadenomas. Ki-67 indices were 0.05 +(+/-0.19) in stromal cells, 2.65 (+/-12.53) in epithelial cells of phyllodes +tumors and 0.0 (+/-0) in stromal cells, 0.43 (+/-0.63) in epithelial cells of +fibroadenomas. There was no correlation between the diameter of tumors and +proliferating activity in both groups. Proliferating activity, determined by +immunohistochemistry with PCNA and Ki-67 antibodies did not reveal significant +difference between phyllodes tumor and fibroadenoma. + + +PMID: 11692149 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1522. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(3):209-12. + +Relationship between apoptosis regulator proteins (bcl-2 and p53) and Gleason +score in prostate cancer. + +Karaburun Paker S(1), Kilicarslan B, Ciftcioglu AM, Oztekin S, Sargin FC, Erdogru +T, Baykara M. + +Author information: +(1)The Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, +Turkey. + +Cellular proliferation programmed cell death (apoptosis) are associated with +tumor growth in general, and prostate cancer growth in particular. The aim of +this study was to examine the expression of the apoptosis regulating genes bcl-2 +and p53 and Gleason score in core needle biopsy specimens of prostate cancer +using immunohistochemistry. We studied bcl-2 and p53 expression in 12 cases of +low grade (Gleason score 2-5), 12 cases of intermediate grade (Gleason score 6-7) +and 8 cases of high grade (Gleason score 8-10) prostate cancer. Overexpression of +bcl-2 was noted in 3 of 32 patients (9.32%). One of them was high grade; others +were intermediate grades. Expression of p53 was observed in 3 of low grades; +others were high grade. The statistical analysis of present data suggest that +there is no significant relation between p53 and bcl-2 expression and Gleason +score in prostate cancer. + + +PMID: 11692148 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1523. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(3):185-9. + +Vascularization pattern of C6 glioma is modified with medroxyprogesterone acetate +and ibuprofen in Wistar rat brain. + +Altinoz MA(1), Ozar E, Taskin M, Bozcali E, Bilir A, Altug T, Aydiner A, Sav A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul +University, General Sukru Kanatli Sok. No: 36-8, Bakirkoy/Istanbul, Turkey. +maltinoz@hotmail.com + +Beneficial effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in cancer therapy is +partly mediated via its antiangiogenic activity. The same is true for the +antitumoral action of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. We have studied two +liposoluble drugs, MPA and the analgesic ibuprofen, on glioma vascularization in +vivo. In this study we have shown that, until the sacrifice at 27. day after +tumor inoculation in the right hemisphere, MPA had a slight though insignificant +activity to reduce the fatality of C6 glioma, growing in right cerebral +hemisphere of male Wistar rats. But ibuprofen both alone or with MPA had no +effect on survival with gavage application of a 30 mg/kg/day dosing regime. On +histological analysis, intra- and peritumoral vessels were counted. Progesterone +seemed to lower intratumoral, but to increase peritumoral vessels, especially +glomeruloids, around the tumor mass. Coadministration of ibuprofen acted to +suppress the peritumoral vessel increase, and to enhance lymphomonocytic +infiltration around tumor vessels. + + +PMID: 11692144 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1524. Acta Cytol. 2001 Sep-Oct;45(5):730-4. + +Presence of endocervical cells and number of slides in cervicovaginal smears: +differences in performance between gynecologists. + +Celasun B(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. bulent.celasun@ixir.com + +OBJECTIVE: To study the association of precancerous cervical lesions with the +presence of endocervical cells on Pap smears; and to evaluate gynecologists' +approaches to the information on smear reports regarding endocervical cell +status. +STUDY DESIGN: Pap smear reports on 1,637 samples sent by 12 gynecologists were +analyzed. The presence of endocervical cells, number of glass slides used per +patient, and frequency and distribution of "atypia" and of pathogenetic +microorganisms were recorded. Gynecologists' performances were compared, and +their reactions to the reported lack of endocervical cells in their smears were +evaluated. +RESULTS: Atypia was detected significantly more frequently in samples with +endocervical cells (1 in 664 versus 31 in 973, P < .01). Likelihood of detecting +a pathogenetic microorganism, however, was not affected by the presence or +absence of endocervical cells. In samples from certain gynecologists, +endocervical cells were present most of the time, and in others they were +generally lacking. This pattern did not change over time; specifically, the +performance of the latter group of gynecologists did not improve in spite of +their receiving information on the absence of endocervical cells in their +samples. +CONCLUSION: The performance of the "smear taker" is an important component of Pap +smear screening practice. Efforts to increase the quality of service should cover +not only laboratories but also gynecologists and others who take smears. +Screening can only be successful as a system in the presence of good samples. + +DOI: 10.1159/000328295 +PMID: 11575651 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1525. Pathol Int. 2001 Aug;51(8):638-42. + +Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma of the distal femur: case report and literature +review. + +Gedikoglu G(1), Aksoy MC, Ruacan S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, 06530 +Beysukent, Ankara, Turkey. + +A case of a 9-year-old boy with fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma located in the +distal femur is presented. Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma is a rare tumor. There +have been 17 cases reported since 1984. The presenting complaint was pain and +local discomfort. Radiological examination showed lytic and sclerotic lesions +located in the distal femur. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that there was no +soft tissue expansion. Differential diagnosis included fibrocartilaginous +dysplasia, dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma, desmoplastic fibroma, fibrosarcoma +and low-grade osteosarcoma. The diagnosis of the tumor in a state hospital would +not have been possible. Wide resection of the tumor and resection arthrodesis +with an intramedullary nail has yielded good results. The patient has been +disease free for 4 years. Pathological diagnosis of this very rare tumor may be +challenging; the treatment should be wide resection of the tumor. + + +PMID: 11564220 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1526. Toxicol Pathol. 2001 Jul-Aug;29(4):492-7. + +Analysis of toxic effects of Alternaria toxins on esophagus of mice by light and +electron microscopy. + +Yekeler H(1), Bitmiş K, Ozçelik N, Doymaz MZ, Calta M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology Medical School, Firat University, Elaziğ, Turkey. +doymaz@firat.edu.tr + +In this study, the possible toxic effects of Alternariol Methyl Ether (AME) and +Tenuazonic Acid (TeA) produced by Alternaria species on esophagus of mice were +investigated by using light and electron microscopy techniques. Mice were orally +fed daily with AME or TeA for 10 months and at the end of this period, the +effects of these chemicals on the esophageal mucosa were determined. By light +microscopic examination, moderate and severe dysplasia characterized by loss of +polarity, nuclear pleomorphism, and hyperchromasia were observed in TeA-treated +animals. Electron-microscopic examination of TeA-treated mucosal epithelial cells +revealed pyknosis in some nuclei, granulation and increase in chromatin mass, +irregularities in the nuclear contours, vacuolization in nucleoplasms. and marked +pleomorphism in the nuclei. In conclusion, our results suggested that TeA has +higher toxicity as evidenced by dysplastic transformation. + +DOI: 10.1080/01926230152499980 +PMID: 11560255 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1527. Tissue Antigens. 2001 Jun;57(6):540-2. + +HLA-DQ alleles in patients with celiac disease in Turkey. + +Tüysüz B(1), Dursun A, Kutlu T, Sökücü S, Cine N, Süoğlu O, Erkan T, +Erginel-Unaltuna N, Tümay G. + +Author information: +(1)Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of +Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey. + +The prevalence of the HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in 55 Turkish children with +celiac disease and 50 control subjects was investigated by using an +allele-specific DNA-based polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer +(PCR-SSP) method. The frequency of the DQA1*0501 and DQB1*02 alleles was higher +in celiac patients than in controls. The DQA1B1 (*0501; *02) haplotype was +present in 46 (83.6%) patients and only in 12 (24%) controls. The remaining 9 +celiac patients which were negative for DQA1B1 (*0501;*02) carried the DQA1B1 +(*03;*0302) haplotype. We found an excess homozygosity of the DQB1*02 allele and +the DQA1B1 (*0501;*02) haplotype in the patients. No statistically significant +correlation was found between the homozygosity of this haplotype or the DQB1*02 +allele and an earlier onset of the disease. + + +PMID: 11556984 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1528. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001 Sep;116(3):341-6. + +Clinicopathologic evaluation of nodular cutaneous lesions of Behçet syndrome. + +Demirkesen C(1), Tüzüner N, Mat C, Senocak M, Büyükbabani N, Tüzün Y, Yazici H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Division of Romatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, +University of Istanbul, Turkey. + +Among the cutaneous manifestations, nodular lesions are rather common in Behçet +syndrome. The histologic nature of these lesions has been a matter of +controversy. To establish their distinguishing features, biopsy specimens from +nodular lesions of 24 patients with Behçet syndrome, 25 with nodular vasculitis +(NV), and 20 with erythema nodosum (EN) were compared. Statistical analysis +revealed insignificant differences between most of the histologic features of +Behçed syndrome and NV. However, neutrophil-predominating infiltrate in the +subcutis was more common in Behçet syndrome, while necrosis and granuloma +formation were encountered more frequently in NV. The differences between Behçed +syndrome and EN were more significant. Septal panniculitis, +lymphocyte-predominating infiltrate, absence of many vascular changes as well as +vasculitis, and necrosis were features in favor of EN. Nodular lesions of Behçet +syndrome are mainly neutrophilic vascular reactions with histologic features +similar to NV but significantly differing from EN associated with other systemic +diseases. + +DOI: 10.1309/GCTH-0060-55K8-XCTT +PMID: 11554161 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1529. J Oral Pathol Med. 2001 Sep;30(8):504-6. + +Odontogenic myxoma containing osteocement-like spheroid bodies: report of a case +with an unusual histopathological feature. + +Oygür T(1), Dolanmaz D, Tokman B, Bayraktar S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +The odontogenic myxoma is a rare, benign, but locally invasive tumour of the +jaws. Radiographically, it is a bone destroying lesion and has ill-defined +borders. Histological characteristics are spindle and stellate-shaped tumour +cells and a distinct myxomatous stroma. Bony islands that represent residual +trabeculae are found scattered throughout the lesion. This report describes a +case of odontogenic myxoma that shows diffusely dispersed osteocement-like +spherular calcified bodies, unlike residual bone trabeculae, and discusses its +differential diagnosis. + + +PMID: 11545243 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1530. Hum Pathol. 2001 Aug;32(8):889-92. + +Intrathyroidal water-clear cell parathyroid adenoma: a case report. + +Dundar E(1), Grenko RT, Akalin A, Karahuseyinoglu E, Bildirici K. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, +Turkey. + +Adenomas of the parathyroid gland, the majority of which contain mixed cell +populations, are the most frequent cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. +Parathyroid adenomas composed exclusively of water-clear cells are exceptionally +rare. Until now, only 2 cases have been reported in English literature. We report +a water-clear cell adenoma of the parathyroid gland in an intrathyroidal +position, which has not been described previously according to our knowledge. + +DOI: 10.1053/hupa.2001.26478 +PMID: 11521237 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1531. APMIS. 2001 Jun;109(6):428-34. + +The prognostic importance of the nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR), Ki-67 and +proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in primary nonurachal bladder +adenocarcinoma. + +Ozdemir BH(1), Ozdemir OG, Sertçelik A. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Turkey. +handan27@hotmail.com + +The aim of this study was to investigate the role of tumor proliferation in +patients with nonurachal bladder adenocarcinoma. Samples were obtained from 16 +patients (12 men and 4 women, mean age 62 years) with primary nonrurachal bladder +adenocarcinoma. The 16 formalin-fixed specimens were stained +immunohistochemically for Ki-67 antigen and PCNA using MIB-1 and PC-10 +antibodies. In addition, the AgNOR quantity was assessed using the colloid silver +nitrate staining technique in all cases. The Ki-67, PCNA and AgNOR proliferation +indices were found to be significantly higher in high-grade and invasive tumors. +The higher the grade (p<0.01) and stage (p<0.01), the higher were the +proliferation indices. Patients whose tumor samples had a high Ki-67, PCNA and +AgNOR proliferation index showed a higher incidence of local recurrence (p<0.01) +and distant metastasis (p<0.01). In conclusion, our results suggest that Ki-67, +PCNA and AgNOR proliferation scores may be important prognostic indices in +nonurachal bladder adenocarcinomas. + + +PMID: 11506474 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1532. Pathobiology. 2000;68(6):258-63. + +Protective effects of vitamin E and selenium on the renal morphology in rats fed +high-cholesterol diets. + +Gonca S(1), Ceylan S, Yardimoğlu M, Dalçik H, Yumbul Z, Köktürk S, Filiz S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology-Embryology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, +Derince, Kocaeli, Turkey. medicalbiology@superonline.tr + +The histopathological effects of cholesterol and the protective effects of +vitamin E and selenium (Se) on renal histology were examined in Sprague-Dawley +rats. Light-microscopic evaluation of the renal cortex revealed: glomerular +fibrosis, cellular and mesangial proliferation, capillary obliteration and +cholesterol crystals in the tubular lumina of the cholesterol-fed group. These +results suggest that oxidated LDL (O-LDL) is a cytotoxic factor which stimulates +mesangial cell and matrix proliferation. Ultrastructurally, small and large lipid +vacuolization in intracapillary lumina, adhesion of epithelial foot processes, +mesangial foam cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were seen in the +cholesterol-fed group. In the groups fed cholesterol + vitamin E, cholesterol + +Se and cholesterol + vitamin E + Se, morphological improvements were observed. It +appeared that an excess in O-LDL, reactive oxygen species and growth factors +might play an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis. In +addition, it was concluded that antioxidant therapy may prevent LDL oxidation and +generation of free radicals. + +Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel + +DOI: 10.1159/000055935 +PMID: 11493758 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1533. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2001 May-Jun;10(3):147-9. + +Primary pericardial mesothelioma. + +Eryilmaz S(1), Sirlak M, Inan MB, Erden E, Eren NT, Corapçioğlu T, Akalin H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine +Hospital, Ankara, Turkey + +Primary pericardial mesothelioma is an extremely rare tumor. This case +illustrates the typical late presentation of primary pericardial mesothelioma +with symptoms and signs of constrictive pericarditis. An unusual feature was the +complete encasement of the heart by the tumor. No satisfactory treatment was +available. + + +PMID: 11485860 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1534. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2001 Jun;53(2-3):133-40. + +In vitro effects of NSAIDS and paracetamol on oxidative stress-related parameters +of human erythrocytes. + +Orhan H(1), Sahin G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Toxicology, Pharmacy Faculty of Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. hilmi@tr.net + +In vitro effects of widely used nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and +paracetamol were studied on oxidative stress-related parameters of human red +blood cells (RBC). Membrane lipid integrity, activity of erythrocyte antioxidant +enzymes; i.e. glutathione S-transferase (GST), selenium dependent-glutathione +peroxidase (Se-GPx), and catalase (CAT), and hemolytic/stabilizing action of the +drugs on erythrocyte membrane were assessed. Diclofenac, indomethacin and +paracetamol at the therapeutic and higher concentrations, and dipyrone at the +high concentration exerted a statistically significant inhibition on H2O2 forced +erythrocytic membrane lipid peroxidation (EMLP). Increased hemolysis was observed +by Na-salicylate, naproxen and ketorolac at therapeutic and higher +concentrations, and by diclofenac and tiaprofenic acid at high concentrations, +while the others seemed to stabilize the membrane at the same conditions. +Na-salicylate inhibited GST activity at the therapeutic dose, however activated +the same enzyme at high concentrations. Naproxen, tiaprofenic acid and piroxicam +caused a decrease in GST activity at therapeutic doses. Paracetamol caused an +activation at a high dose. Tiaprofenic acid, ketorolac, naproxen and piroxicam +caused a significant Se-GPx inhibition. Erythrocyte CAT activity was increased by +Na-salicylate, acemetacin, and tenoxicam at the therapeutic, and by dipyrone at +the high concentration. Our results suggest that NSAIDs and paracetamol may be +involved in oxidative/antioxidative processes of human erythrocytes. Also, the in +vitro EMLP method can be considered as a simple test for evaluating possible +antioxidant potency of chemicals. + +DOI: 10.1078/0940-2993-00179 +PMID: 11484831 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1535. Pathol Res Pract. 2001;197(7):483-6. + +Matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in laryngeal preneoplastic and neoplastic +lesions. + +Sarioğlu S(1), Ozer E, Kirimca F, Sis B, Pabuçcuoğlu U. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a member of gelatinases, is particularly +important in the digestion of nonfibrillary and denaturated collagens; thus, it +may play a role in tissue remodeling and in the invasion of malignant cells. The +expression of MMP-2 has not yet been described in preneoplastic lesions of the +larynx thus far. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the expression +of MMP-2 plays a role in early laryngeal carcinogenesis. Laryngectomy specimens +of 20 invasive carcinoma cases were studied. The slides with atypical +hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma were selected from +laryngectomy specimens. On these slides, 23 atypical hyperplasia and 17 carcinoma +in situ areas were identified. MMP-2 expression was scored immunohistochemically +on paraffin tissue sections using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. MMP-2 +expression in all three groups was statistically different. A sequential increase +in MMP-2 expression correlated significantly with the hypothesis of multistep +carcinogenesis. In contrast, MMP-2 expression was not related to tumor stage, +lymph node metastasis, or differentiation in squamous cell carcinomas. In +conclusion, this sequential increase in MMP-2 expression points to an altered +expression of MMP-2 in early neoplastic transformation in laryngeal mucosa, +followed by an increasing expression during the progression of the disease. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00115 +PMID: 11482578 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1536. Diagn Cytopathol. 2001 Aug;25(2):83-5. + +Extraction of DNA from oral cytological samples by scraping and smear method +suitable for restriction site mutation analysis: a pilot study. + +Mollaoglu N(1), Wilson MJ, Cowpe JG. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Gazi, Dental +Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. nmollaoglu@hotmail.com + +The restriction site mutation assay (RSM) can be used to measure base changes +which occur in the DNA coding for bacterial restriction enzymes. The aim of this +study was to investigate whether DNA, of sufficient quantity and quality for +analysis by RSM, could be extracted from cells collected from precancerous +lesions using a cytological smear technique. Six smears were collected from each +of five lesions of leukoplakia displaying a variety of clinical appearances. +Three methods for the extraction of DNA were compared. The commercial extraction +method was shown to be most convenient and reproducible, routinely providing 1-5 +microg of DNA per sample. Cell populations collected by a cytological smear +technique can provide DNA of sufficient quantity and quality for analysis of RSM. + +Copyright 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. + + +PMID: 11477709 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1537. APMIS. 2001 Feb;109(2):108-12. + +In vitro Candidacidal effect of polymorphonuclear neutrophils of Behçet's +patients with or without ocular involvement. + +Tekeli A(1), Tekeli O, Ozdemir O. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and +Clinical Microbiology, Turkey. tekeli@dialup.ankara.edu.tr + +In this study our objective was to evaluate the in vitro candidacidal effect of +polymorphonuclear neutrophils of Behçet's patients with or without ocular +involvement (inactive phase). Fifteen patients with ocular involvement and 15 +patients without ocular involvement were studied. Candidacidal assay was +performed to assess the in vitro killing of Candida species by the +polymorphonuclear neutrophils of both the study and control groups. In brief, +peripheral venous polymorphonuclear neutrophils of healthy volunteers and +patients with Behçet's disease were obtained by density gradient centrifugation. +These cells were incubated with Candida spp. (Candida albicans, Candida +tropicalis, Candida glabrata) for 3 h. Samples were seeded onto yeast extract +peptone dextrose agar, incubated at 25 degrees C in a 5% humidified incubator for +another 48 h, and formed colonies were counted. There was no significant +difference between the candidacidal activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils of +healthy volunteers and of Behçet's patients with or without ocular involvement. +Although various immunological abnormalities are reported in Behçet's disease, in +vitro killing of Candida spp., which is one of the parameters for the phagocytic +function of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, was not affected. + + +PMID: 11398991 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1538. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2001 Jun;22(2):165-8. + +Echinococcal hydatid cyst at the right ventricle outlet with leakage to the +pulmonary artery outflow causing follicular airway disease and sudden death. + +Aydin NE(1), Ege E, Selçuk MA, Erguvan R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Inonu University, School of Medicine, and Ministry of +Justice, Malatya, Turkey. pathology@inonu.edu.tr + +Postmortem examination of a 35-year-old parous woman who died suddenly revealed a +hydatid cyst mass located at the right ventricular outlet, with a grossly +discernible defect opening to the pulmonary outflow tract. Pulmonary hemorrhage, +follicular bronchitis, and bronchiolitis also were present, with severe acute +purulent exudation in the airways. Hydatid cyst complications must be kept in +mind when dealing with sudden deterioration and death in patients who are +residents of regions where echinococcosis is endemic. + + +PMID: 11394751 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1539. Acta Cytol. 2001 May-Jun;45(3):449-53. + +Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the parotid gland. Report of a case with extensive +amyloid deposition masking the cytologic and histopathologic picture. + +Ustün MO(1), Ekinci N, Payzin B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, and the +Departments of Pathology and Internal Medicine, Izmir Atatürk Training Hospital, +Izmir, Turkey. hasanustun@netscape.net + +BACKGROUND: Extramedullary plasmacytomas are uncommon. Although approximately 90% +occur in the head and neck region, parotid gland localization is extremely rare. +CASE: This report describes fine needle aspiration and histopathologic findings +in an extramedullary plasmacytoma arising in the left parotid gland of a +62-year-old man. Aspiration smears showed multiple amorphous clumps of material +admixed with ductal epithelial cells, multinucleated giant cells and inflammatory +cells rich in plasma cells, suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma. In surgical +material, excessive amyloid deposition was observed. Six months later the tumor +recurred, and in the second surgical specimen clusters of atypical plasma cells +among amyloid deposits was noted. Clinical and laboratory examination excluded +multiple myeloma. After local recurrence, radiotherapy was applied. Ten months +later the patient was well and without systemic involvement. +CONCLUSION: Two points are important. First, in the salivary gland region, +because of the focal metachromasia of amyloid with Giemsa stain, amyloid can be +confused with the chondromyxoid matrix of pleomorphic adenoma. Second, although +localized forms of amyloid tumor exist, one should keep in mind that amyloid may +be so abundant that it may mask an underlying plasma cell neoplasm, as in our +case. + +DOI: 10.1159/000327648 +PMID: 11393084 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1540. Acta Cytol. 2001 May-Jun;45(3):441-4. + +Curschmann's spirals in cyst fluid associated with a teratoma of the ovary. A +case report. + +Canda T(1), Ozkal S, Ozer E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, +Inciralti, 35340 Izmir, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Curschmann's spirals, first described more than 100 years ago, are +common in cytologic specimens from the respiratory tract and have also been +observed in cervical smears, urine, and peritoneal and pleural effusions. No +simple theory can explain the exact mode of spiral formation, which is presumed +to be a complex physical and biochemical phenomenon. +CASE: A 29-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, underwent right ovarian cyst +excision after an abdominal ultrasound examination revealed a cystic mass of the +right ovary. Histologically, the cyst was an immature cystic teratoma containing +respiratory epithelium with mucous glands in the submucosa. Cytologic examination +of the cyst fluid showed the presence of Curschmann's spirals. +CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, the formation of Curschmann's spirals +associated with an immature cystic teratoma has not been previously reported. In +this situation, the presence of spirals could be explained by formation from +mucus normally found in that environment. + +DOI: 10.1159/000327646 +PMID: 11393082 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1541. Pathol Int. 2001 Apr;51(4):305-7. + +Hamartomatous endocervical polyp with heterologous mesenchymal tissue. + +Ilhan R(1), Yavuz E, Iplikçi A, Tuzlali S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gynecologic Pathology Division, Istanbul Medical +Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. tuzlalips@turk.net + +We present an endocervical polyp with heterologous elements. Although a few +neoplastic cervical lesions with cartilaginous and adipocytic heterologous tissue +have been reported, an endocervical polyp with heterologous cartilage and adipose +tissue has not been reported before our case. The patient was a 33-year-old woman +who presented with abnormal uterine bleeding. On physical examination, there were +no remarkable findings other than a cervical polyp protruding into the cervical +canal. The polyp was removed. Pathological examination revealed an endocervical +polyp with typical epithelial features. The stroma of the polyp contained mature +cartilage islands and adipose tissue. There were also many thick-walled vascular +structures. Neither stromal periglandular condensation nor atypia was found. +Mitotic figures were not observed. Arteriolar structures did not contain internal +elastic lamina. In our opinion, these pathological findings are all consistent +with a hamartomatous lesion rather than with a true neoplasm. + + +PMID: 11350615 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1542. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(1):60-2. + +Mixed germ cell tumor of the ovary with sarcomatous component. + +Kabukcuoglu F(1), Sungun A, Sentürk BA, Evren I, Ilhan R. + +Author information: +(1)Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Pathology Department, Istanbul, +Turkey. fkabukcuoglu@hotmail.com + +Germ cell tumors constitute a very complicated group of tumors of the ovary and +their histogenesis is not yet clarified. Besides their histological +heterogeneity, sarcomatous areas have also been described. A right ovarian mass +was found in a 23-year-old female, who was being treated in the hospital for +miscarriage. Disseminated omental metastases were detected during abdominal +laparotomy. Pathological examination of the dissected material revealed the tumor +to be a mixed germ cell tumor (immature teratoma and dysgerminoma) with +sarcomatous component. Areas resembling granulosa cell tumor were also +encountered. This ovarian tumor with many different histopathological features is +presented with a review of the literature. The importance of thorough sampling in +determining the type and extent of the malignant components is also emphasized +due to their direct relation with the prognosis. + + +PMID: 11349223 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1543. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(1):33-8. + +Atypical epithelial changes and mutant p53 gene expression in ovarian +endometriosis. + +Bayramoğlu H(1), Düzcan E. + +Author information: +(1)Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Denizli, +Turkey. hbayramoglu@hotmail.com + +It has been reported that cases of ovarian endometriosis those with epithelial +cytological atypia have potential for malignant transformation. This study was +planned to determine the incidence of atypical endometriosis and its cytological +criteria, to evaluate the malignant potential of atypical endometriosis via +immunohistochemical methods (p53). In this study we evaluated 140 samples +obtained from 120 cases of ovarian endometriosis and 10 ovarian endometrioid +carcinomas that have been previously diagnosed histopathologically. We +re-evaluated endometriosis cases with respect to their epithelial and stromal +features, existence of acute or chronic inflammatory cells in endometriotic +epithelium or stroma and other accompanying histological findings. We observed +atypia in 7 (5.8%) cases; reactive atypia in 37 (30.8%) cases, no atypia in 76 +(63.4%) cases. We evaluated immunohistochemical p53 expression in 7 atypical +cases, 37 reactive atypical cases, and in 10 of those without atypia and in 10 +endometrioid carcinoma cases. We noted no staining in cases with atypia, reactive +atypia and without atypia while 3 cases of endometrioid carcinoma had positive +staining for p53. We concluded that prominent nucleolus and angulation of nuclear +contour could be added to criteria of atypia that were mentioned before in the +literature. In our study, even though p53 expression could not be shown with +immunohistochemical methods in atypical endometriotic cases; it can not be +determined that atypical endometriosis lesions are not premalignant. Still, +endometriosis cases should be evaluated carefully by the pathologist for foci of +cytological atypia and it should be kept in mind that malignant transformation +might occur in these atypical endometriosis cases. + + +PMID: 11349218 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1544. Pathol Oncol Res. 2001;7(1):24-7. + +Expression of Bcl-2 and c-ErbB-2 in colorectal neoplasia. + +Dursun A(1), Poyraz A, Süer O, Sezer C, Akyol G. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Medical School Be evler, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. aylarpoyraz@superonline.com + +Several studies have been demonstrated the value of c-ErbB-2 and Bcl-2 in +predicting the biological behaviour of tumors. The aim of this study was to +investigate Bcl-2 and c-ErbB-2 expression in colorectal carcinomas and the +correlation between their presence and other clinicopathologic parameters. +Eighty-six colorectal carcinomas and 17 adenomas were stained with Bcl-2 and +c-ErbB-2 immunohistochemically. Staining patterns were assessed +semi-quantitatively and correlated with tumor size, Duke s classification, tumor +differentiation, mucinous characteristic and anatomic locations. We detected +Bcl-2 expression in 10 of 17 adenomas (58.8 %) and 31 of 86 carcinomas (36.04 %). +Positive staining in normal mucosa was observed only in the compartment of +cryptic cells. However neither the difference in the rates of Bcl-2 positivity in +adenoma and carcinoma groups, nor the correlation with other mentioned +clinicopathological parameters, were found statistically significant. Bcl-2 +expression was found to be significantly high in mucinous carcinomas. Expression +of c-ErbB-2 was observed in 12 of 86 (13.95 %) carcinomas. It was not detected in +adenomas and normal mucosa. Although the incidence of c-ErbB-2 in nonmucinous +carcinoma was higher than that of mucinous carcinoma, this was not significant. +In addition we were unable to show any significant relation between c-ErbB-2 +expression and other clinicopathologic features. Our result suggest that c-ErbB-2 +protein expression in colorectal carcinomas, is not very frequent event. There is +no correlation between c-ErbB-2 expression and malignant potential of colorectal +carcinomas. Higher expressions of Bcl-2 in adenomas than carcinomas suggest us a +possible role of Bcl-2 in early carcinogenesis of colon. However since we were +unable to find any significant correlation between Bcl-2 expression and other +parameters the impact of this gene on biological behavior is still unclear for +us. + + +PMID: 11349216 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1545. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2000;17(3):97-103. + +Intracranial plasma cell granuloma. + +Tekkök IH(1), Ventureyra EC, Jimenez CL. + +Author information: +(1)Bayindir Medical Center, Ankara, Turkey. + +Plasma cell granulomas (PCGs) are benign, inflammatory masses of unknown etiology +composed of polyclonal mature plasma and lymphoid cells. The lung is their most +common location, and occurrence within the cranial cavity is extremely rare. We +report the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented with seizures and was +diagnosed as having a dural-based right frontal tumor that extended toward the +sagittal sinus and the falx. The lesion was totally excised, together with the +abnormal dura. A limited cortical excision was also performed using +electrocorticographic guidance. Histopathologic diagnosis of intracranial plasma +cell granuloma was reached after extensive immunohistochemical tests and electron +microscopy. This is the third case of PCG with description of changes in the +neighboring cerebral tissue. Although PCGs are well-circumscribed lesions, +lymphoplasmocytic inflammation, neuronal loss, and reactive gliosis occur within +the adjacent cortex. Disturbed cortical lamination, as we have observed, appears +to be a histological finding that has not been described previously. + + +PMID: 11310925 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1546. Pathology. 2001 Feb;33(1):96-100. + +Adenomyolipoma of the uterus: a case report. + +Yavuz E(1), Tuzlali S, Iplikçi A, Ilhan R. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Medical Faculty, Pathology Department, Breast and Gynecological +Pathology Division, Turkey. + +Adenomyolipoma of the uterus is a rare, benign, polypoid lesion considered to be +of hamartomatous origin or represent an unusual type of benign Müllerian mixed +tumour with a heterologous element. The authors present a case of uterine +adenomyolipoma and discuss its pathogenesis. A 62-year-old woman complained of +lower abdominal pain and postmenopausal bleeding. Imaging techniques revealed a +solid ovarian mass and a polypoid intrauterine lesion. The frozen section +diagnosis of the ovarian mass was a thecoma. A total hysterectomy and bilateral +salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. On gross examination a pedunculated, +polypoid lesion of 7x4.5x3cm was found in the uterine cavity. Microscopically, +the polypoid lesion contained both epithelial and mesenchymal elements. The +epithelial elements were endometrial glands of various size, formed by +proliferative endometrial cells. The mesenchymal elements were composed of +endometrial stroma, smooth muscle and mature adipocytes. Both the epithelial and +the mesenchymal elements showed a benign appearance, were intermingled with each +other and periglandular stromal condensation was absent. The lesion had an +irregular surface. Microscopic diagnosis was an adenomyolipoma. The peculiar +shape and microscopic features of this lesion suggested that it was a variant of +benign Müllerian mixed tumour. + + +PMID: 11280617 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1547. Pathol Res Pract. 2001;197(2):129-33. + +Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thymus complicated by Cushing's +syndrome. Report of a 58-year-old woman with a 3-year history of hypertension. + +Hekimgil M(1), Hamulu F, Cagirici U, Karabulut B, Ozgen AG, Soydan S, Yilmaz C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. +hekimgil@alpha.med.ege.edu.tr + +A 58-year-old woman with a history of Cushing's syndrome for three years +presented with a mediastinal mass and received the diagnosis of small cell +neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thymus invading the pericardium. On +immunohistochemical study, the neoplastic cells reacted with antibodies against +cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, +synaptophysin, and ACTH. Clinicopathologic findings of this rare case of ectopic +adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome are discussed with a literature +review. + +DOI: 10.1078/0344-0338-00023 +PMID: 11261817 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1548. Cytopathology. 2001 Feb;12(1):62-7. + +Quantitative cytological assessment of a persistent oral lesion that underwent +malignant transformation: a case report. + +Mollaoglu N(1), Cowpe JG, Lewis MA. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Gazi, Dental +Faculty, Ankara, Turkey. + + +PMID: 11256940 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1549. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001 Mar;125(3):358-60. + +Verumontanum mucosal gland hyperplasia is associated with atypical adenomatous +hyperplasia of the prostate. + +Muezzinoglu B(1), Erdamar S, Chakraborty S, Wheeler TM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Medical School, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Verumontanum mucosal gland hyperplasia (VMGH) and atypical +adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) are both small glandular proliferations that are +histologically and topographically unique. +METHODS: One hundred ten randomly selected, whole-mount, radical prostatectomy +specimens were reviewed to assess independently the normal histology of the +prostatic urethra and periurethral area and the association of AAH with other +pathologic features, including VMGH. The degree of nodular hyperplasia was +evaluated by total prostate weight for comparison purposes. +RESULTS: Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia was found in 37 cases (33.6%) and was +nearly always (32/37) associated with nodules of nodular hyperplasia. +Verumontanum mucosal gland hyperplasia was present in 32 cases (29.1%; 21 with +AAH, 11 without AAH). There was a significant association between presence of +VMGH and AAH (P <.001, Fisher exact test). The degree of nodular hyperplasia was +not significantly different between prostates with and without VMGH or AAH. +CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AAH and VMGH occur more commonly in +prostates when the other is also present. + +DOI: 10.1043/0003-9985(2001)125<0358:VMGHIA>2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 11231483 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1550. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196(11):767-70. + +Differences in the morphology of the processus vaginalis with sex and underlying +disease condition. + +Tanyel FC(1), Talim B, Kale G, Boyokpamukçu N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. ctanyel@gen.hun.edu.tr + +The structures of sacs from boys and girls with inguinal hernia, and from boys +with undescended testis or hydrocele were evaluated and compared. Particular +attention was directed to determine if a clue helpful in describing the mechanism +of obliteration of processus vaginalis (PV) exists. Sacs from boys (n: 8) and +girls (n: 11) with inguinal hernia, and sacs from boys with undescended testis +(n: 11) and hydrocele (n: 10) were obtained and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, +trichrome and elastic van Gieson. The histologic structures of each group of +samples were determined and compared. Smooth muscle was presented as a layer +within the sacs of girls and boys with inguinal hernia. However, smooth muscle +bundles were sparsely presented in sacs associated with undescended testis and +hydrocele. Myofibroblasts were commonly encountered in sacs associated with +inguinal hernia. The smooth muscle was invariably presented in sacs that +contained myofibroblasts. While sacs from boys only had smooth muscle, sacs from +girls also had striated muscle. Since the muscle components of sacs vary, PV is +sexually dimorphic. Persistence of PV seems to be associated with the presence of +smooth muscle and myofibroblasts within the sac wall. Myofibroblasts may have +originated from the smooth muscle, and reflect the attempts at obliteration of +PV. + + +PMID: 11186172 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1551. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196(11):747-52. + +A calcifying fibroma of the meninges report of a case and review of the +literature. + +Ceyhan K(1), Berk Q, Caglar S, Sürücü S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. +ceyhank@hotmail.com + +We report an unusual tumor related to the meninges designated as a calcifying +fibroma of the meninges. Our patient was a 44-year-old man.The tumor was located +in the right frontotemporoparietal region and was excised totally via a right +frontotemporoparietal craniotomy. The patient had recovered completely, and no +recurrence was observed in a follow-up period of three years. +Histopathologically, we noted scattered spindle cells among the hyalinized +collagenous stroma, dystrophicpsammomatous calcifications, abundant perivascular +hyalinization and cartilagenous metaplasia. Immunohistochemically, the tumor +cells showed actin, smooth muscle and vimentin immunreactivities. +Ultrastructurally, spindle cells showed fibroblastic features. The lesion is a +true tumor and it should be kept in mind in the differential diagnoss of +meningeal calcifying lesions. + + +PMID: 11186169 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1552. J Pathol. 2001 Feb;193(2):169-74. + +Clinicopathologic evaluation of CDw75 antigen expression in patients with gastric +carcinoma. + +Elpek GO(1), Gelen T, Karpuzoğlu G, Karpuzoğlu T, Keles N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, +Turkey. elpek@hipokrat.med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +Situated on mature B lymphocytes, CDw75 antigen is a sialylated carbohydrate +epitope generated by the enzyme beta-galactosyl alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase. +Although CDw75 antigen expression was found to be correlated with aggressive +behaviour of tumour cells in gastric adenocarcinomas, its prognostic role still +remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the value of CDw75 +antigen expression as a marker of the metastatic potential and prognosis of +gastric adenocarcinomas. CDw75 antigen expression was evaluated +immunohistochemically in 64 tumours and their nodal metastases. The correlation +was analysed between CDw75 antigen expression and selected clinicopathological +variables, including survival. Positive staining was detected in 31 cases. +Non-neoplastic gastric mucosa was consistently negative. CDw75 expression was +correlated with larger tumour size (p<0.006), infiltrative growth pattern +(p<0.044), advanced stage (p<0.0006), and positive lymph nodes (p<0.0003). The +overall survival rate of patients with CDw75 expression was 28%, which was +significantly worse than that of patients without CDw75 expression (53%) +(p<0.0005). Multivariate analysis showed that CDw75 expression was an independent +prognostic indicator, together with the growth pattern of the tumour. These +results indicate that immunohistochemical detection of CDw75 antigen expression +may be a good indicator of metastatic potential and of prognosis in patients with +gastric carcinomas. + + +PMID: 11180162 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1553. Pathol Oncol Res. 2000;6(4):272-4. + +Value of p53 protein in biological behavior of basal cell carcinoma and in normal +epithelia adjacent to carcinomas. + +Demirkan NC(1), Colakoglu N, Düzcan E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University, 269 sok. No: 46-8 Ucyol, Izmir, +35280, Turkey. nesefahir@hotmail.com + +Mutations in p53 gene are the most frequent gene alterations in human cancer. In +this study, we have used the monoclonal antibody (DO7) to evaluate the role of +the p53 gene mutation in the progression of basal cell carcinomas towards +invasion. We tested the positivity for p53 protein in tumor cells in six cases of +basosquamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), in twelve cases of infiltrative basal cell +carcinoma (IBCC) and twenty-four cases of non-infiltrative basal cell carcinoma +(NIBCC) in order to evaluate its potential prognostic significance. We also +tested the expression of p53 protein in normal epithelia adjacent to carcinomas +in order to determine its role in tumor progression. p53 protein staining with +some peripheral accentuation was identified in 42,9% of all groups. No +correlation was found between the immunreactivity of p53 protein and recurrence, +pattern of tumor, diameter of the tumors and sex. However, there were +statistically significant differences in positivity of p53 protein in normal +epithelia adjacent to carcinomas and age of patients (t value: 2,21; p: 0,034). +Results of the study suggest that the increasein p53 mutation frequency of +morphologically normal epidermis was related to age and was independent of the +degree of differentiation of BCC. + + +PMID: 11173659 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1554. Pathol Int. 2001 Jan;51(1):47-9. + +Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of small bowel wall in childhood: Report of a +case and a review of the literature. + +Demirkan NC(1), Akalin T, Yilmaz F, Ozgenc F, Ozcan C, Alkanat MB, Aydogdu S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, +Turkey. nesefahir@hotmail.com + +Benign intestinal tumors are rare in children, however we describe an +inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the jejunum in a 2-year-old girl who +presented with an intestinal obstruction. During laparotomy, an annular mass +around the jejunum was resected, from which a histological diagnosis of IMT was +made. A review of the literature for this rare entity emphasizes the importance +of histological confirmation of its benign nature. Because of the risk of local +recurrence, IMT cases should have a long-term follow up. + + +PMID: 11148464 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1555. Acta Cytol. 2000 Nov-Dec;44(6):1010-4. + +Comparison of five detection methods for Helicobacter pylori. + +Sentürk O(1), Cantürk Z, Erçin C, Cantürk NZ, Celebi A, Hulagu S, Paksoy N. + +Author information: +(1)Gastroenterology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of +General Surgery and Pathology, Kocaeli University Medical School, Kocaeli, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which diagnostic test is preferable for the diagnosis of +Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastroduodenal disease. +STUDY DESIGN: H pylori infection was diagnosed prospectively in 101 patients. +Diagnosis of H pylori was made by tests based on five different principles: (1) +culture, (2) direct histologic demonstration, (3) imprint cytology, (4) brushing +cytology, and (5) gram staining of H pylori. Efficacy of each test was compared. +RESULTS: All the tests were reliable for diagnosing H pylori infection; 73.3% of +patients showed concordance in at least two tests. All the tests were positive in +> 50% of patients. Significant concordance between brushing and imprint cytology +was also determined. These two tests have almost similar specificity when +compared to other tests. +CONCLUSION: When patients undergo upper endoscopy, we recommend taking biopsy +specimens for culture and histology. H pylori can be assessed equally well with +all the tests, but imprint and brushing cytology have the advantage of rapid +response, specificity, much lower cost and reproducibility. + +DOI: 10.1159/000328589 +PMID: 11127729 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1556. Acta Cytol. 2000 Nov-Dec;44(6):1005-9. + +Cytology of clear cell carcinoma of the female genital tract in fine needle +aspirates and ascites. + +Atahan S(1), Ekinci C, Içli F, Erdoğan N. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Cytology, Medical Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. atahan@dialup.ankara.edu.tr + +OBJECTIVE: To define the cytomorphologic features of clear cell carcinoma (CCC) +of the female genital tract. +STUDY DESIGN: The study consisted of four CCCs of the female genital tract in +which clinical and histologic confirmation had been done. Cytologic findings were +evaluated with May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) stain of three cases of fine needle +aspiration (FNA) material and peritoneal fluid cytology. All the FNA materials +were obtained from metastatic supraclavicular lymph nodes. +RESULTS: We report here the cytomorphologic features of three FNA biopsies and +peritoneal fluid cytology from four patients. Primary tumors from patients with +aspiration material from supraclavicular lymph nodes were located in the ovary in +two patients and vagina in one. The peritoneal fluid cytology was obtained from a +patient with uterine cervical tumor. Cytologic findings were similar in all +preparations. The cells had abundant, pale, finely vacuolated cytoplasm with +indistinct cytoplasmic membranes. The nuclei were round to oval, with fine +chromatin. The characteristic feature of CCC of the genital tract was basement +membrane-like substance. This hyaline extracellular material stained pinkish to +purple-red in MGG preparations and was frequently observed within the cancer cell +clusters. In ascitic fluid, psammoma bodies were also observed. +CONCLUSION: The cytomorphologic characteristics of CCC of the genital tract are +distinctive, and the entity may easily be diagnosed even at metastatic locations. + +DOI: 10.1159/000328588 +PMID: 11127728 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1557. Hum Pathol. 2000 Nov;31(11):1363-7. + +Microscopic nephrocalcinosis and hypercalciuria in nephrotic syndrome. + +Mocan H(1), Yildiran A, Camlibel T, Kuzey GM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Paediatrics, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Focal calcification is an occasional tubular abnormality seen in minimal-change +nephrotic syndrome. Nephrocalcinosis was also reported in premature infants as a +consequence of hypercalciuria resulting from long-term furosemide therapy. We +describe 4 nephrotic children (3 minimal change, 1 diffuse proliferative +glomerulonephritis) with transient hypercalciuria and intraluminal calcifications +in renal histopathological specimens without radiologic evidence of renal +calcification. These children were resistant to corticosteroid therapy and were +receiving furosemide therapy along with albumin for management of oedema. Two of +the children also had urinary infection. We were concerned that children with +nephrotic syndrome are at risk for nephrocalcinosis, and urinary calcium and pH +should be monitored carefully during prolonged furosemide use, especially in +children with nephrotic syndrome with reduced initial responsiveness to +corticosteroid therapy. HUM PATHOL 31:1363:1367. + +Copyright 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company + + +PMID: 11112210 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1558. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2000 Oct;19(4):374-6. + +Benign persistent papular acantholytic and dyskeratotic eruption of the vulva: a +case report. + +Peştereli HE(1), Karaveli S, Oztekin S, Zorlu G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya, +Turkey. + +We report a case of 44-year-old woman with persistent pruritic papules on the +left and right labium majus of the vulva. Histopathologic examination of the +vulvar biopsy specimen revealed a suprabasal separation of the epidermis with +acantholysis and dyskeratosis. + + +PMID: 11109168 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1559. Pathol Int. 2000 Nov;50(11):905-9. + +Oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: report of a case with +DNA ploidy analysis and review of the literature. + +Deveci MS(1), Deveci G, Günhan O, Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and School of +Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +A 44-year-old female presented with a painful mass in the left parotid gland. +Histologic examination revealed the characteristic picture of oncocytic +mucoepidermoid carcinoma (OMEC) composed mainly of sheets of oncocytic cells with +uniform nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm, focally smaller epidermoid cells +surrounding poorly formed glandular spaces, and a few cystic structures lined by +well-differentiated mucous cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. Immunohistochemical +staining with antimitochondrial antibody showed granular cytoplasmic positivity +in oncocytic cells. The resulting histogram for DNA ploidy analysis was of +diploid type. OMEC of the parotid gland is a recently described rare neoplasm. +Only six cases have been previously reported in the literature. For an accurate +approach in the management of patients, OMEC should be considered in the +differential diagnosis of oncocytic lesions of the parotid gland, most of which +are benign. + + +PMID: 11107068 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1560. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196(10):683-9. + +Stereologically estimated mean nuclear volume and histopathologic malignancy +grading as predictors of disease extent in non-small cell lung carcinoma. + +Sagol O(1), Kargi A, Ozkal S. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Izmir, +Turkey. ozgul.sagol@deu.edu.tr + +The aim of this study was to investigate the value of the architectural grade, +cytologic atypia, mitotic counts and stereologically estimated mean nuclear +volume in predicting the stage of disease in non-small cell lung carcinomas. +Hematoxylin-Eosin-stained sections from 53 non-small cell lung carcinomas were +evaluated in terms of the morphologic and morphometric features mentioned above. +Mean nuclear volume was estimated stereologically. Operable and inoperable tumor +stages were compared concerning the parameters examined. There was no significant +difference between operable and inoperable tumor stages in terms of the +architectural grade in both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas, +although we found a positive correlation between architectural grades and +increasing stages in SCC. Significant differences were found concerning atypia, +mitosis grades, and the score combining both variables (C2) when comparing +operable with inoperable tumor stages in squamous cell carcinomas but not in +adenocarcinomas (Chi square, p = 0.013, p = 0.008 and p = 0.008 for squamous cell +carcinomas respectively). The mean nuclear volumes of tumor cells in both +squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas showed statistically significant +differences between operable and inoperable stages (p = 0.05 and 0.02 +respectively). We conclude that an assessment of the proliferative activity and +the degree of cell atypia, as well as an estimation of mean nuclear volume in +conjunction with architectural grade, may contribute to predicting the extent of +the disease and outcome, particularly in SCC. On the other hand, only mean +nuclear volume appears to be a useful parameter for determining the course of the +disease in adenocarcinomas. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0344-0338(00)80120-X +PMID: 11087055 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1561. Hum Pathol. 2000 Oct;31(10):1325-8. + +Intraglomerular microlesions in renal angiomyolipoma. + +Kiliçaslan I(1), Güllüoglu MG, Dogan O, Uysal V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +A unique case of bilateral multiple intrarenal angiomyolipomas in a 21-year-old +woman with tuberous sclerosis is reported. The microscopic examination showed +peculiar intraglomerular microlesions, epithelioid areas, microscopic foci of +renal cell carcinoma and renal cysts, and the classical features of +angiomyolipoma lesion. HMB-45 positivity was detected within some nodules and +epithelioid areas. Intraglomerular microlesions were composed of adipose and +smooth-muscle cells within the glomerular capillary tuft. These lesions, which +were continuous with the capillary tuft, did not show any attachment to the +Bowman's capsule. These findings suggest that these are not a consequence of an +infiltration from the outside but were originated from inside the glomerulus. The +simultaneous presence of multiple angiomyolipoma nodules either inside or outside +the glomeruli, multifocality and bilaterality of these lesions, together with the +HMB-45 positivity and the finding of scattered epithelioid areas supports the +theory that there is a progenitor cell giving origin to all these lesions, the +cell which has been named as perivascular epithelioid cell by most authors. + +DOI: 10.1053/hupa.2000.16533 +PMID: 11070127 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1562. J Clin Pathol. 2000 Oct;53(10):800-2. + +Coexistence of an endocrine tumour in a serous cystadenoma (microcystic adenoma) +of the pancreas, an unusual association. + +Ustün MO(1), Tuğyan N, Tunakan M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Atatürk Teaching Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +hasanustun@netscape.net + +A pancreatic endocrine tumour arising within a serous cystadenoma is reported. A +49 year old woman was admitted with a history of epigastric pain, nausea, +vomiting, and weight loss of two months duration. She had been diabetic for 12 +years. An epigastric mass was palpated in the physical examination, and computed +tomography revealed a multiloculated cystic lesion in the pancreas. Pathological +examination of the pancreatic tumour revealed the coexistence of a serous +cystadenoma and an endocrine tumour. The endocrine tumour, which was located +inside the serous cystadenoma, was 1 cm in diameter. The first case of a serous +cystadenoma of the pancreas containing a pancreatic endocrine tumour was reported +in the literature recently. This paper reports another incidentally found +pancreatic endocrine tumour arising within a serous cystadenoma. + + +PMCID: PMC1731099 +PMID: 11064680 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1563. Pathol Oncol Res. 2000;6(3):197-201. + +Intra-hospital use of a telepathology system. + +Ongürü O(1), Celasun B. + +Author information: +(1)Gülhane Medical Military Academy, Department of Pathology Etlik, Ankara, +06018, Turkey. + +Utilization of telepathology systems to cover distant geographical areas has +increased recently. However, the potential usefulness of similar systems for +closer distances does not seem to be widely appreciated. In this study, we +present data on the use of a simple telepathology system connecting the pathology +department and the intra-operative consultation room within the operating +theaters of the hospital. Ninety-eight frozen section cases from a past period +have been re-evaluated using a real-time setup. Forty-eight of the cases have +been re-evaluated in the customary fashion; allowing both ends to communicate and +cooperate freely. Fifty of the cases, however, were evaluated by the consultant +while the operating room end behaved like a robot; moving the stage of the +microscope, changing and focusing the objectives. The deferral rate was lower +than the original frozen section evaluations. Overall, the sensitivity was 100%, +specificity 98%, negative predictive value 96, 5% and positive predictive value +100%. No significant difference was found for the diagnostic performances between +the cooperative and robotic simulation methods.Our results strengthen the belief +that telepathology is a valuable tool in offering pathology services to remote +areas. The far side of a hospital building can also be a remote area and a low +cost system can be helpful for intraoperative consultations. Educational value of +such a system is also commendable. + + +PMID: 11033460 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1564. Cytopathology. 2000 Oct;11(5):326-32. + +The interaction of trichomonas vaginalis with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear +leucocytes and erythrocytes on vaginal smears: light microscopic observation. + +Demirezen S(1), Safi Z, Beksaç S. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Beytepe, +Ankara, Turkey. + +In this study, vaginal smears taken from 400 patients were examined cytologically +using the Papanicolaou technique. Twenty of the 400 patients were detected as +harbouring Trichomonas vaginalis. The interactions of T. vaginalis with +epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs) and erythrocytes were +determined at light microscopic level. It was observed that T. vaginalis were +juxtaposed to the epithelial cells and changed shape according to the contours of +the epithelial cell revealing the cytopathic effect of trichomonads on epithelial +cells. Trichomonads attached to PMNLs produced pseudopodia to phagocytose the +cells. Occasionally an amoeboid shaped T. vaginalis organism was seen trailed by +a row of PMNLs. This light microscopic study supports the production by +trichomonads of a chemotactic factor for PMNLs. Phagocytosed erythrocytes were +also seen in the cytoplasm of T. vaginalis, suggesting the need for the patient +to be tested for anaemia. + + +PMID: 11014660 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1565. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196(9):625-6. + +Search for problem areas in endometrial biopsies to achieve quality assurance. + +Usubütün A(1), Ertoy D, Ozkaya O, Altinok G, Kücukali T. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, +Turkey. usubutun@ato.org.tr + +The aim of this study was to underline the frequently seen problems in diagnosing +the lesions seen in the hyperplasia-carcinoma sequence by evaluating the +variances between the observers. Four pathologists re-evaluated 137 endometrial +biopsies and grouped them into diagnostic categories. The results were analyzed +by Kappa statistics. Full agreement was reached in 89 cases (64.96%), with Kappa +values ranging between 0.63-0.74. Three observers rendered the same diagnosis in +34 (24.81%) cases, and only one pathologist disagreed. Two or more observers held +different views in 16 cases (10.95%). The problem areas were as follows: criteria +distinguishing simple hyperplasia from other benign lesions, discrimination +between atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma, and decision-making regarding the +presence of atypia. There was a tendency towards overdiagnosis of hyperplasia in +our department. Since the progression to carcinoma is a sequential event, +borderline cases will exist if categories based on simple and clear cut off +points are not defined. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0344-0338(00)80005-9 +PMID: 10997737 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1566. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196(9):613-7. + +Distribution and morphometry of fiber types in cremaster muscles of boys with +inguinal hernia or undescended testis. + +Tanyel FC(1), Erdem S, Altunay H, Ergün L, Ozcan Z, Alabay B, Büyükpamukçu N, Tan +E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. ctanyel@gen.hun.edu.tr + +In the present study, we determined and compared the distribution and mean +diameters of fiber in the cremaster muscles (CM) of boys with either inguinal +hernia (IH) or undescended testis (UT). Samples of CM were obtained from 20 +patients (10 boys with IH, and 10 boys with UT) of similar age. The CM muscles of +two boys each, without inguinal pathology, were sampled during autopsy. Sections +were stained for oxidative and glycolytic enzymes, as well as for ATP-ase +reactions after acid (pH: 4.6) and alkaline (pH: 10.6) preincubations. Specimens +were also analyzed morphometrically using a KONTRON 400 computerized image +analysis system. The Mann- Whitney U test was applied to compare the percentages +of fiber types and mean diameters of fibers according to the types of the CM of +boys with IH or UT. In boys, the CM is mainly composed of type 1 fibers. The CMs +of patients with UT reveal alterations of neurogenic origin. Although both type 1 +and type 2 fibers reveal alterations, type 2 fibers appear to be affected more +profoundly and characterized by significantly decreased mean diameters. +Significantly decreased mean diameters of type 2 fibers in CM may support disuse, +lack of sensitivity to the hormonal influences, or an alteration in the +corticospinal tracts of boys with UT. + + +PMID: 10997735 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1567. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2000 Aug;52(4):329-34. + +Potentiation of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by allopurinol. + +Erdinç M(1), Erdinç L, Nergiz Y, Işik B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, +Diyarbakir, Turkey. + +Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent used against various +human malignancies. However, it induces nephrotoxicity, a severe side effect in +which oxygen free radicals have been implicated to play an important role. The +effect of allopurinol (Allp) given in a dose of 50 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.) +for five days was examined on induced nephrotoxicity by a single dose of 5 mg/kg +CDDP intraperitoneally (i.p.) in male wistar rats. Serum creatinine and blood +urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were found significantly higher in the group +given both Allp and CDDP than in the group given CDDP alone, p < 0.001, and +histopathological examination showed more excessive degree of proximal tubular +necrosis in the kidneys of animals given CDDP plus Allp than in those treated +with CDDP alone. Increased renal lipid peroxidation, p < 0.001 associated with +these pathological alterations suggested that oxidative stress may be involved in +the potentiation of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by Allp. + + +PMID: 10987186 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1568. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2000 Aug;52(4):317-22. + +Increased cell proliferation and R.Msp1 fragmentation induced by +5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine in rat testes related to the gene imprinting mechanism. + +Ozdemir O(1), Bulut HE, Korkmaz M, Onarlioglu B, Colak A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet +University, Sivas, Turkey. ozdemiro@cumhuriyet.edu.tr + +DNA methylation is one of the crucial mechanisms for cellular and tissue +differentiation during developmental stages in mammals. 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a +specific cytosine DNA Methyltransferase inhibitor, is known to cause DNA +hypomethylation in CpG, CpNpG and CCGG sequences. Therefore the present study was +designed to determine the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine on the germinal cells +of the adult rat testicular tissue. Rat testicular tissues from the +5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treated experimental and non-treated control groups were +processed for light microscopy and also for genomic DNA isolation assays. The +isolated genomic DNAs were digested with R.Msp1 in order to determine the methyl +pattern differences in the enzyme cognate CCGG sequence. Testicular tissues from +treated rats showed increased cell proliferation when investigated at the light +microscopical level. On the other hand, genomic DNA of these proliferative tissue +showed high fragmentation sizes of R.Msp1 digestion when compared to controls. +While the R.Msp1 digested control group DNA fragmentation condensed at +approximately 4700-5100 bps size, the experimental group DNA fragmentation was +condensed at 700-900 bps size. In addition, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine has effects on +increased cell proliferation via the loss of somatic de novo gene imprinting. +These results imply that abnormally imprinted normal somatic cells in mammals are +susceptible to epigenetic modification. These results also suggest that the +genomic DNA of testicular tissues from control rats is resistant to R.Msp1 while +DNA from the experimental group testicular cells demonstrating high proliferation +rate could not resist to R.Msp1 digestion due to DNA hypomethylation in CCGG +sequence. In conclusion, it could be suggested that the reversal of gene +imprinting in germinal cells may cause an increased cellular proliferation and +R.Msp1 fragmentation when induced by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. + + +PMID: 10987184 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1569. Pathol Int. 2000 Aug;50(8):616-9. + +Relationship between FIGO grade and AgNOR, S100-positive langerhans cells in +endometrial adenocarcinoma. + +Elagöz S(1), Aricí DS, Aker H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, +Turkey. + +Cell kinetic information is an important adjuvant to histological grading in some +malignant tumors. In the current study, 20 endometrial adenocarcinomas were +graded according to the 1988 International Federation of Gynecology and +Obstetrics (FIGO) and nuclear grading system and the expression of silver-stained +nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) and S100-positive Langerhans cells were +determined. According to the FIGO grade, eight patients were in grade 1, seven +were in grade 2 and five were in grade 3. Nuclear grade 1, 2 and 3 was determined +in six, eight and six cases, respectively. Although an overlap was seen in some +grade 2 and 3 cases, AgNOR counts were the highest in grade 3. S100-positive +Langerhans cells were depleted when the grades elevated. It is concluded that +AgNOR and Langerhans cells can be correlated with grades. Further studies, +including survival data of the patients, could be performed and AgNOR and +Langerhans cells can be correlated with prognosis. + + +PMID: 10972859 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1570. Pathol Oncol Res. 2000;6(2):118-24. + +The distribution of extracellular matrix proteins and CD44S expression in human +astrocytomas. + +Oz B(1), Karayel FA, Gazio NL, Ozlen F, Balci K. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology +Aksaray, Istambul, Turkey. ferhanoz@tkbbv.org.tr + +Aims of the study were: 1. to establish the prevalence of CD44 protein expression +in human astrocytomas; 2. to compare the distribution of the extracellular matrix +in these tumors; 3. to investigate the relation between CD 44, the extracellular +matrix proteins and the histological grade of the tumor. CD44, Type IV Collagen +(Col IV), Laminin (LN), Fibronectin (FN), and Tenascin (TN) expression were +detected by immunohistochemistry in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue +samples of 52 astrocytic tumors: 35 glioblastomas (GB), 7 Anaplastic astrocytomas +(AA) and 10 astrocytomas (A). The localization of Col IV was observed in the +basement membrane of the vessel walls in most of the astrocytomas (88.4%) with a +similar pattern obtained with LN staining. 7 of 10 A (70%), 2 of 7 AA (28%) and 9 +of 35 GB (25.7%) showed LN positivity. There was a negative correlation between +LN expression and tumor grade (p=0.03). FN was either localized in the basement +membrane or showed thick multi-layered immunoreactivity of the vessel walls. FN +expression was seen in 6 A (60%), 4 AA (57%) and all of 35 GB (100%). The FN +distribution was not uniform and its staining intensity showed decrease in GB. 3A +(30%), 3 AA (42%), 27 GB (77.1%) showed TN expression in the vessel walls and in +some tumor cells of 19 GBs. TN expression was positively correlated with the +degree of vascular endothelial proliferation in GB (p<0.05). The expression of +CD44s wasseen as plasma membrane positivity of glioma cells in 5 of 10A (50%), 3 +of 7AA (42.3%) and 29 of 35 GB (82.8%). The intensity of immunoreaction was quite +strong especially near the vessels. There was a good correlation between TN and +CD44s expression in human astrocytic tumors (p=0.005). No relationship was +observed between GFAP, ECM proteins and CD44s expression. Both CD44s and TN +expression showed increase with malignancy in astrocytomas. These findings +indicated that the histological malignancy of the astrocytomas was correlated +with expression of TN and CD44s. It was suggested that in astrocytomas there was +a biological relationship only between CD44 and TN, but none with the other ECM +proteins. TN may play a role in angiogenesis in human astrocytic tumors. + + +PMID: 10936787 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1571. Lepr Rev. 2000 Jun;71(2):212-6. + +A scholarship project for the children of leprosy patients in Turkey. + +Saylan T(1), Karadeniz A, Iyier N, Soydan M, Pamuk D. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul Leprosy Hospital, Bakirköy, Turkey. + +Most of the leprosy patients in Turkey live in the rural areas of Eastern and +South-Eastern Anatolia. Those living in the suburbs of the big cities of the +Western parts of the country have come there by immigration. Nearly all patients +are very poor; they have no land, or only a small amount of soil for cultivation. +The incidence of deformities in our patients is high, excluding them from regular +employment and a source of income. In Turkey, it is obligatory to attend primary +school, but after that education has to be paid for, and the poor families of +leprosy patients find it difficult to continue the education of their children. +As the 'Society for the Struggle Against Leprosy', based in the Istanbul Leprosy +Hospital at Bakirköy, we have developed a project to enable patients to continue +sending their children to school, whilst at the same time asking the mothers to +seek advice and guidance on family planning. The outset objective of this project +was to enable children and young people, who otherwise have almost no chance of +continuing education, to pursue education at secondary, high school and +university levels. It was envisaged that in the long term educated children would +be able to find a job and provide effective care and support for parents and +other members of the family. This paper describes the administrative and other +measures adopted and the results of the project from 1995 to 1998, during which a +total of 545 children have been supported at an overall cost of US$107,378. The +scholarship project has so far been remarkably successful in Turkey and it is +hoped that it may provide a model for similar approaches in other countries. An +unexpected and extremely encouraging finding has been that females now exceed +males in this project and are increasing at all levels, including university +entrance. + + +PMID: 10920616 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1572. Pathol Int. 2000 Jun;50(6):502-4. + +Giant adrenal myelolipoma: case report and review of the literature. + +Yildiz L(1), Akpolat I, Erzurumlu K, Aydin O, Kandemir B. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology andGeneral Surgery, Ondokuz Mayis University School +of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey. leventasiye.superonline.com + +Myelolipoma is a tumor-like growth composed of mature fat tissue and bone marrow +elements. It occurs in the adrenal gland or as an isolated soft tissue mass. It +may be associated with endocrine disorders such as hermaphroditism, Cushing's +disease, Addison's disease and obesity of unknown cause. These lesions rarely +measure more than 5 cm in diameter, although giant tumors have been reported in +the literature. The fifth largest surgically resected adrenal myelolipoma in the +literature is reported and its clinical associations and, macroscopic and +microscopic features are discussed. + + +PMID: 10886728 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1573. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2000 Jun;21(2):184-8. + +A study on polymerase chain reaction-based HLA DQ alpha locus in Elaziğ, Turkey. + +Tokdemir M(1), Dulger HE, Akin H, Doymaz MZ. + +Author information: +(1)University of Firat, School of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, +Elaziğ, Turkey. + +The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for genetic characterization of 45 +samples taken from the city of Elaziğ in Turkey. The polymorphism at the human +leukocyte antigen DQalpha locus was detected. Allele and genotype frequencies +were determined for unrelated individuals at this locus. Laboratory analyses were +done by PCR amplification of DNA. Hybridization to allele specific +oligonucleotide probes was performed using a reversed dot-blot typing method. The +collected genotype and allele frequencies have been tested, and a comparison was +made with other population surveys of this locus. Allele frequencies ranged from +3.3% (allele 1.3) to 36.7% (allele 4), with a discrimination power of 0.92. No +deviation was seen from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the findings. + + +PMID: 10871137 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1574. Diagn Mol Pathol. 2000 Jun;9(2):81-3. + +Diagnosis of quantitative mitochondrial DNA defects by rapidly prepared whole +mitochondrial DNA probe. + +Seyrantepe V(1), Topaloglu H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, +Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. + +Analysis of disease-causing mutations in mitochondria genome requires rapid and +reliable genetic approaches. However, the preparation of mitochondrial DNA +(mtDNA) probe used for the determination of quantitative and qualitative mtDNA +defects is time-consuming, cumbersome, and requires complicated instrumentation. +To overcome the difficulties encountered during isolation and purification of +mtDNA, the authors developed an alternative method based on polymerase chain +reaction (PCR) amplification of whole mtDNA genome. In this study, they show that +PCR-amplified and fluorescein-labeled mtDNA probe makes it possible, through +Southern blot analysis, to identify quantitative defect of mtDNA. The results +indicate that mtDNA probe can be prepared rapidly by PCR amplification and used +to determine the level of mtDNA in the patients with mitochondrial diseases. + + +PMID: 10850543 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1575. APMIS. 2000 Apr;108(4):293-5. + +Vacuolating cytotoxic activity of 40 Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from +Turkish patients. + +Ozsan M(1), Tekeli A, Ozden A, Akyön Y, Ozkul A, Gerçeker D, Cetinkaya H. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara University +Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. + +In this study we examined the in vitro vacuolating cytotoxic activity of +Helicobacter pylori, which is a gram-negative microaerophilic curved bacterium +and a causative agent of gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric ulcer. A vacuolating +cytotoxin assay was performed to assess the vacuolating activity of 40 strains +(20 gastritis, 11 gastric ulcer, and 9 duodenal ulcer), which were obtained from +patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The Vero cell line was used +in the cytotoxic assay. Of the 40 isolates, 24 (12 gastritis, 6 gastric ulcer, 6 +duodenal ulcer) were cytotoxic for the Vero cell line at 1:4 and 1:8 dilutions. +Thus, vacuolating cytotoxin of H. pylori affects the Vero cell line, but it seems +there is no correlation between the positivity of the strains and the risk of any +particular H. pylori disease. + + +PMID: 10843418 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1576. Pathol Int. 2000 Feb;50(2):153-5. + +Ossifying fasciitis. + +Doğan AI(1), Gedikoglu G, Demircin M, Ruacan S. + +Author information: +(1)Departments of Pathology and; Cardiovascular Surgery, Hacettepe University +School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. isindogan@hotmail.com + +A case of ossifying fasciitis occurring in the left femoral region of a +57-year-old male is reported. The patient complained of pain in his left lower +extremity which was the site of previous catheterization. During a left +femoropopliteal by-pass, a firm and cylindric mass measuring 5 x 3 x 2.5 cm in +size was found and extracted from the left groin. Histologically, a reactional +lymph node and an irregularly shaped lesion extended into the perinodal fat +tissue which is composed of proliferating fibroblasts with occasional mitotic +activity. Within this fibroblastic proliferation, immature woven bone composed of +osteoid with calcification and chondroid differentiation were seen. Metaplastic +bone is an uncommon finding in cases of nodular fasciitis, parosteal fasciitis, +cranial fasciitis and florid reactive periostitis. Ossifying fasciitis is known +as an uncommon variant of nodular fasciitis. It is an uncommon post-traumatic +benign lesion of subcutaneous tissue with an unclear etiology of ossification +which is neither related with a bony structure nor contains any muscle tissue. +This lesion has been reported only once previously, in the femoral region after a +trauma history of catheterization. + + +PMID: 10792775 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1577. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2000 Apr;19(2):188-9. + +Unilateral salpingitis due to enterobius vermicularis. + +Erhan Y(1), Zekioğlu O, Ozdemir N, Sen S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University Ege, Izmir, Turkey. + +A case of unilateral salpingitis caused by Enterobius vermicularis presenting as +a painful adnexal mass in a 28-year-old woman is reported. + + +PMID: 10782420 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1578. Clin Neuropathol. 2000 Jan-Feb;19(1):21-5. + +Effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on neuronal migration, neuronogenesis and +brain myelination in the mice brain. + +Ozer E(1), Sarioglu S, Güre A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Izmir, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: One of the most severe consequences of maternal alcohol consumption +is the damage to the developing central nervous system. +MATERIAL AND METHODS: To evaluate the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on +neuronal migration, neuronogenesis and myelination in the brain, pregnant BALB/C +mice were maintained on either liquid diets containing ethanol (12 g/kg body +weight) beginning on gestation day 6 or isocoloric diet (control group). The dams +were sacrificed on gestation day 17 and the brain sections of the pups were +analyzed using immunohistochemical method to evaluate the number of neurons, +oligodendrioglial expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and neuronal +expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). +RESULTS: Ethanol-exposed pups revealed significantly weaker expression of MBP +compared to the control group. In contrast, no significant difference of NCAM +expression and neuronal cell count were present between ethanol-exposed pups and +the control group. +CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that alcohol exposure affects the level of MBP +expression, consequently causing a reduction in brain myelination that may lead +to neuronal dysfunction. The ineffectiveness of prenatal alcohol exposure on the +number of neurons in contrast to the previous reports might be due to the +adequate sampling of areas for cell counting. Although there is a view that NCAM +is involved both directly and indirectly in neuronal cell migration, we speculate +that alcohol neuroembryotoxicity uncouples this relationship. Other adhesion +molecules, such as L1, or extracellular matrix proteins, such as laminin, would +be other candidates for investigation. + + +PMID: 10774947 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1579. Pathol Oncol Res. 2000;6(1):59-64. + +Microvessel count, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 indices in +gastric adenocarcinoma. + +Elpek GO(1), Gelen T, Aksoy NH, Karpuzoglu T, Keles N. + +Author information: +(1)Akdeniz University, Medical School, Department of Pathology Týp Fakültesi, +Patoloji ABD, Yeni Týp, Dekanlýk, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. +elpek@hipokrat.med.akdeniz.edu.tr + +The aim of the present study was to immunohistochemically investigate the +prognostic value of neovascularization (expressed as microvessel count-MVC) and +tumor cell proliferation (expressed as PCNA labeling index PLI and Ki-67 labeling +index KLI) in gastric adenocarcinoma. Correlations with clinicopathologic +features were also evaluated. Tumor specimens from 74 patients diagnosed as +gastric adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Formalin fixed, paraffin +embedded tissue sections stained immunohistochemically with F-VIII, PC10 and +MIB-1 monoclonal antibodies. By ocular grid subdivided into 100 areas, number of +microvessels and PC10, MIB-1 positive and negative cells were counted at x400 +magnification. Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method and cox regression analysis +were used for statistical analysis. The results showed that, MVC and PLI had a +significant correlation with invasion and lymph node metastasis. The prognosis +was significantly worse in patients with high MVC (>14 ) and with high PLI +(>49%). However any relationship was not observed between KLI (38%) and +clinicopathologic parameters, so KLI failed to predict the prognosis. Cox model +showed that, MVC and PLI were independent prognostic variables. Ki-67 labeling +index in gastric carcinomas has no prognostic relevance. However, the evaluation +of microvessel count and proliferating cell nuclear antigen index in gastric +carcinomas could be reliable indicators of prognosis. + + +PMID: 10749590 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1580. Pathol Oncol Res. 2000;6(1):42-5. + +Serum levels of the soluble adhesion molecules in patients with malignant +melanoma. + +Yasasever V(1), Tas F, Duranyildiz D, Camlica H, Kurul S, Dalay N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Capa, Istanbul, 34390, +Turkey. + +The incidence of malignant melanoma has been steadily increasing over the past +decades. CD 44 is a transmembrane glycoprotein which is implicated in a number of +adhesive and migratory events. Downregulation of CD 44 is implicated in the +metastatic process. P-Selectin is a member of the selectin family of cell surface +molecules. The levels of P-Selectin in biological fluids may be elevated in +subjects with a variety of pathological conditions. In malignant melanoma, +elevation of the plasma level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 +(sICAM-1) has been associated with a reduction in disease-free survival. This +study was performed to investigate the differences in the serum concentrations of +the adhesion molecules in patients with malignant melanoma. The study group +consisted of 52 patients with malignant melanoma and 20 healthy subjects. No +meaningful difference was observed for P-selectin and sICAM 1 levels. A +statistically significant decrease was observed in the cancer patients for serum +CD 44 levels. + + +PMID: 10749587 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1581. Tissue Antigens. 2000 Feb;55(2):171-4. + +Molecular analysis of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 polymorphism in Turkey. + +Saruhan-Direskeneli G(1), Uyar FA, Bakar S, Eraksoy M. + +Author information: +(1)Istanbul University, Electro-Neurophysiology Research and Application Centre, +Turkey. gsaruhan@istanbul.edu.tr + +We report the evaluation of MHC class II polymorphism in the population of +Turkey. HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 have been investigated by polymerase chain +reaction and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridisations (PCR/SSO) and +sequence-specific priming (SSP) in 250 randomly selected healthy individuals. We +also report the allelic distribution of these genes. The most frequent alleles +detected were DRB1*1101 (0.104), *0301 (0.092), *0701 (0.090), DQA1*0501 (0.334), +*0102 (0.164) and *03 (0.148) and DQB1*0301 (0.256), *02 (0.164), *0302 (0.128). +The frequent 'putative' three-locus haplotypes carry the most frequent alleles at +these loci. The most frequently detected class II "haplotypes" are DRB1*1101 +DQA1*0501 DQB1*0301 (0.100), DRB1*0301 DQA1*0501 DQB1*02 (0.092) and DRB1*0701 +DQA1*0201 DQB1*02 (0.072). The distribution of alleles and 'putative' haplotypes +has shown common features with other Mediterranean populations. The results +extend the HLA map to another Mediterranean country and provide a database for +further HLA-disease association studies and transplantation applications. + + +PMID: 10746791 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1582. Pathology. 2000 Feb;32(1):41, 63-4. + +Test and teach. Number Ninety Nine. Carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder. + +Yavuz E(1), Bilgiç B, Cevikbaç U, Demiryont M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, +Turkey. + + +PMID: 10740804 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1583. Acta Cytol. 2000 Mar-Apr;44(2):124-7. + +Imprint cytology in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. Does imprinting damage +the biopsy specimen? + +Cubukçu A(1), Gönüllü NN, Erçin C, Alponat A, Kaur AC, Cantürk Z, Paksoy N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of General Surgery and Pathology, Kocaeli University Medical +School, Izmit, Turkey. acubukcu@superonline.com + +OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of imprint cytology in the diagnosis of +Helicobacter pylori infection and whether it damages the biopsy specimen for +subsequent histologic examination. +STUDY DESIGN: Two antral biopsies were taken from 76 patients with dyspeptic +symptoms undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Imprint cytology was made +from the first specimen. This specimen was fixed in 10% formalin and sent for +histopathologic examination. The second specimen was directly fixed in 10% +formalin for routine histopathologic examination without being used for an +imprint. The imprint smears were examined by cytopathologists. The biopsy +specimens were examined by pathologists who did not know which specimens were +used for the imprints. +RESULTS: H pylori was seen in smears from 55 (72%) patients and in both biopsy +specimens from the same patients. The pathologists could not recognize the biopsy +specimens from which the imprints were made. Concordance between imprint cytology +and histopathology was 100%. +CONCLUSION: Imprint cytology is a suitable test for H pylori diagnosis, and +imprints do not adversely affect the quality of the biopsy specimen. + +DOI: 10.1159/000326348 +PMID: 10740594 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1584. Pathol Res Pract. 2000;196(3):151-8. + +Intracranial meningeal tumours in childhood: a clinicopathologic study including +MIB-1 immunohistochemistry. + +Demirtaş E(1), Erşahin Y, Yilmaz F, Mutluer S, Veral A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. + +Primary tumours of the meninges with a relatively high tendency for malignant +behaviour are uncommon in childhood. This study concerns 18 cases of meningeal +tumours in children under the age of 16, of which 13 were meningiomas and five +were other tumours arising in the meninges. Meningiomas showed a preponderance in +females as in adult series, and the majority were supratentorial in localisation. +The percentage of meningeal tumours and meningiomas among all brain tumours in +our centre were 3.72% and 2.69%, respectively. Four out of 13 meningiomas were +fibroblastic, four were transitional, one was meningothelial, two were +psammomatous and two were papillary meningiomas. Seven (38.8%) out of 18 tumours +showed anaplastic features, including two papillary meningiomas, two +hemangiopericytomas, one mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, one pleomorphic sarcoma and +one anaplastic meningeal tumour. Papillary meningiomas with +hemangiopericytoma-like solid areas were seen frequently in our cases (15.3%). +Meningoangiomatosis was associated with two meningeal tumours. MIB1 (Ki-67) +labelling indices (LIs) ranged between 0% and 13.6% (mean 1.83%) in benign, and +between 1% and 20% (mean 7.2%) in malignant tumour, including papillary +meningiomas. Mean MIB-1 LIs were 5.61% and 1.14% in non-recurrent and recurrent +cases, respectively. MIB-1 LIs showed significant differences between benign and +malignant meningeal tumours but no significant correlation either with prognosis +or recurrence. Despite the fact that brain tumours are among the most common +neoplasms of childhood, meningeal tumours are rare lesions, accounting for less +than 2% of published series of intracranial neoplasms in childhood [5, 8, 18, 24, +30, 32]. It has been suggested that the clinical and pathological characteristics +of meningiomas in this age group differ from those of adults [14, 18, 24, 45]. +Besides meningiomas, there are a few reports of other meningeal tumours in +childhood and difficulties in differential diagnosis may arise within this group, +especially in anaplastic tumours [11, 13, 32, 44, 46]. One of the major problems +in meningiomas and some tumours arising in the meninges is the discordance that +arises between the histologic appearance of the tumour and behaviour [4]. Several +studies have attempted to determine the proliferation potential of meningiomas, +including immunohistochemical labelling with monoclonal antibodies to Ki-67, +proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR); flow +cytometric DNA analysis; or argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) +counting [9, 10, 15, 19, 22, 26, 31, 35, 53]. The studies concerning +proliferation markers have contradictory results [9, 10, 15, 26, 31, 42, 53]. +MIB-1 detects the same or a similar epitope as the original antibody Ki-67 and +reacts with a proliferation associated antigen expressed in all active parts of +the cell cycle, G1, S, G2 and M (mitosis), but not in the G0 or quiescent phases +[7]. In this study we examined the clinicopathological characteristics and MIB1 +values of 18 meningeal tumours in children under the age of 16 years within the +last 25 years (from 1970 to 1995). + +DOI: 10.1016/S0344-0338(00)80095-3 +PMID: 10729919 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1585. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2000 Mar-Apr;3(2):168-76. + +Clinical and histopathological study of merosin-deficient and merosin-positive +congenital muscular dystrophy. + +Talim B(1), Kale G, Topaloglu H, Akçören Z, Caglar M, Gögüş S, Elkay M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatric Pathology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, 06100 +Ankara, Turkey. + +The clinical features of merosin-positive congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) and +merosin-deficient CMD are well known, with those of merosin-deficient CMD being +more severe. Whether the severity of histopathological findings correlates with +these clinical features remains unanswered. In this study, the clinical and +histopathological findings of 39 merosin-deficient and 37 merosin-positive CMD +patients were compared. Merosin-deficient CMD patients were found to be younger, +with earlier onset of symptoms, age of diagnosis, and a more severe clinical +state (reflecting maximum motor capacity and contractures). On histopathological +evaluation, endomysial fibrosis, perimysial fibrosis, and histopathological state +(reflecting fibrosis, adiposis, necrosis, and variation in fiber size) were more +severe in merosin-deficient CMD. There was a correlation between clinical and +histopathological states only in merosin-deficient CMD. + + +PMID: 10679036 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1586. Pathol Int. 2000 Jan;50(1):71-5. + +Blastomatous tumor with teratoid features of nasal cavity: report of a case and +review of the literature. + +Deveci MS(1), Deveci G. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, School of Medicine, +Ankara, Turkey. + +A case of blastomatous tumor with teratoid features is presented. The polypoid +mass was observed in the left nasal cavity of a 72-year-old man. Histologically, +the lesion was composed of neuroepithelial cells with blastomatous appearance, +cystic squamous nests filled with keratin materials, many mucous glands, complex +tubular and glandular structures with edematous fibroblastic stroma. Sinonasal +neoplasms including teratoid components and immature neuroepithelium are +exceedingly rare. We suggest that the term 'immature teratoma' is more suitable +than blastoma or blastomatous tumor when there is no carcinomatous or sarcomatous +component besides the immature neuroepithelium and teratoid elements. + + +PMID: 10692182 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1587. Dis Markers. 1999 Dec;15(4):259-67. + +Menstrual cycle dependent variability for serum tumor markers CEA, AFP, CA 19-9, +CA 125 and CA 15-3 in healthy women. + +Erbağci AB(1), Yilmaz N, Kutlar I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, +University of Gaziantep, Turkey. erbagci@gantep.edu.tr + +Information on menstrual cycle dependent variation of tumor markers in healthy +women is a subject of diagnostic efficiency and has an impact in elucidating the +normal function of these markers. In this study midfollicular and midluteal +concentrations of serum CEA, AFP, CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 15-3 and their relations +with LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone were evaluated during +ovulatory cycles in a group of 23 healthy female individuals. Samples were +collected on the 7th and 21st day of the same menstrual cycle. Tumor marker and +hormone concentrations were determined with chemiluminescence or +electrochemiluminescence EIA methods. A significant phase-dependent difference +was observed for CA 15-3, midluteal concentrations (mean +/- SEM; 26.33 +/- 1.56 +U/ml) higher than the midfollicular (mean +/- SEM; 19.27 +/- 1.49 U/ml) +concentrations (p < 0.001). But an obvious difference for other tumor markers +investigated did not exist. Significant correlations of follicular and luteal CA +125 levels with body mass index of the subjects were observed (r:0.52, p < 0.05 +and r:0.57, p < 0.005, respectively). CA 15-3 antigen is a product of the MUC-1 +gene which is expressed in abundance by endometrial epithelial cells in the +secretory phase of the menstrual cycle which may be the potential source of +variability. The association of CA 125 levels with obesity suggests a possible +role of adipose tissue in CA 125 metabolism. In conclusion our data suggest that +in healthy women serum CA 15-3 levels are significantly elevated in the midluteal +phase of the menstrual cycle compared to midfollicular phase. Therefore, +consideration of menstrual cycle dependent variability for CA 15-3 appears +indicated in interpretation of individual results. + + +PMCID: PMC3850873 +PMID: 10689549 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1588. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000 Feb;124(2):296-8. + +Primary neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the breast. + +Samli B(1), Celik S, Evrensel T, Orhan B, Tasdelen I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Uludag University, Gorukle-Bursa, Turkey. + +A 60-year-old Turkish woman presented with a left breast mass, which was +considered for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. By the end of the treatment cycles, the +tumor had decreased in size, and the patient underwent modified radical +mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Pathologic examination of the +tumor revealed a small cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine features confirmed by +immunohistochemical stains. Multiple axillary lymph nodes were involved by +metastatic small cell carcinoma carrying the same morphologic characteristics +noted in the primary breast tumor. We hereby present this case as a primary +neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the breast. This entity occurs very rarely +in the breast, and fewer than a dozen cases have been reported in the literature. +Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma of the breast is reportedly a very aggressive +tumor for which no consensus for treatment has yet been drawn. + +DOI: 10.1043/0003-9985(2000)124<0296:PNSCCT>2.0.CO;2 +PMID: 10656743 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1589. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(4):285-90. + +Clinical importance of correlations between p53 immunoreactivity and +clinicopathological parameters in lung carcinoma. + +Dursun BA(1), Memiş L, Dursun A, Bayiz H, Ozkul M. + +Author information: +(1)Atatürk Chest Disease Hospital, Ankara, 06580, Turkey. +ebdursun@superonline.com. + +Many studies have revealed the frequency of p53 abnormalities in lung cancer. +However, clinico-pathological studies of p53 abnormalities have yielded +conflicting results. We examined the p53 immunoreactivity and studied the +correlations of p53 status and clinicopathological parameters in 76 primary lung +cancers. By using DO-7 antibody, different degrees of p53 immunoreactivity was +detected in 8 of 30 small cell lung cancer (SCLC, 26.6%) and 22 of 46 non-small +cell lung cancer (NSCLC, 47.8%), 6 of 19 adenocarcinoma, 16 of 27 epidermoid +carcinoma cases. In the whole group, no correlation was detected between the p53 +status and the histological types of tumor, local tumor invasion, nodal status, +and distant metastasis and patient characteristics, such as age, gender or +smoking habit. P53 status was also found to have no effect on survival. However, +in the NSCLC group, there was a significantly higher p53 immunoreactivity in +well- and moderately-differentiated tumors (p<0.05). Patients with p53 +immunoreactivity had a poor therapeutic response in the whole group. We concluded +that, although p53 immunreactivity may be found in NSCLC, this does not correlate +with clinicopathological parameters except therapeutic response. In SCLC p53 +immunreactivity can be negligible. + + +PMID: 10607923 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1590. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 1999 Nov-Dec;2(6):574-6. + +Cholesteryl ester storage disease: case report during childhood. + +Akçören Z(1), Göğüş S, Koçak N, Gürakan F, Ozen H, Yüce A. + +Author information: +(1)Pediatric Pathology Unit, Hacettepe University Children's Hospital, 06100 +Ankara, Turkey. + +Cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) is rare and characterized by +accumulation of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides in many tissues due to the +deficiency of lysosomal acid lipase. We report a 3(1/2)-year-old child with CESD. +The diagnosis was indicated by liver biopsy and confirmed by reduced acid lipase +activity in leukocytes. + + +PMID: 10508882 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1591. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(3):229-32. + +Differences in liver pathology and clinical outcome between two patients with +hepatitis B virus and graft versus host disease. + +Ustün C(1), Ozcan M, Gürman G, Cakir M, Erekul S, Akyol G, Arat M, Celebi H, +Idlman R, Ilhan O, Demirer T, Beksac M, Koc H. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Hematology Ibni Sina +Hospital, Ankara, 06100, Turkey. ustun@pallas.dialup.ankara.edu.tr + +Our two patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (AlloBMT) had +both Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In the first +patient, liver enzymes elevated three months after AlloBMT, and GVHD was +diagnosed. Two weeks after the diagnosis of GVHD, HBsAg appeared in his serum. At +that time, liver biopsy was not able to discriminate two disorders, but his +sequential liver biopsies disclosed GVHD. Despite the patient was treated with +cyclosporin A (CsA), he died for chronic GVHD. In contrast to the first patient, +the second patient had HBsAg prior to GVHD. His liver enzymes deterioration was +detected in the first month after AlloBMT, and reached the highest level in the +third month while withdrawing CsA. In the fifth month he developed +scleradermatous skin changes, and skin biopsy revealed chronic GVHD, whereas +concurrent liver biopsy revealed chronic active hepatitis. This observation +showed that immunosuppressive conditions such as GVHD or its prophylaxis may +affect the appearance of liver pathology caused by HBV, which depends on the time +of GVHD development, and the duration and depth of GVHD prophylaxis. + + +PMID: 10491023 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1592. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(3):223-8. + +Antiproliferative properties of the lazaroids U-83836E and U-74389G on glioma +cells in vitro. + +Durmaz R(1), Deliorman S, Isiksoy S, Uyar R, Erol K, Tel E. + +Author information: +(1)Medical Faculty of Osmangazi University, Department of Neurosurgery, +Eskisehir, 90-26480, Turkey. rdurmaz@ogu.edu.tr + +The 21-aminosteroids (lazaroids) are a new family of steroid compounds that +inhibit lipid peroxidation reactions. They are novel antioxidant agents, which +have been shown to have antiproliferative properties on cancer cells and also are +thought to prevent free radical-mediated blood-brain barrier damage. In order to +understand the effect of lazaroids on glioma, we tested U-83836E and U-74389G at +doses ranging between 0.1 100 m mM on primary cultures of glioblastoma multiforme +from three patients, rat C6 glioma cell line, and 5 th subculture established +from one of the patients. The effects of both compounds on cell proliferation +were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium +bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay. U-83836E in the primary cultures was found to +have 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) of 6.30, 6.75 and 6.50 m mM, +respectively. The IC50 value of U-74389G was calculated as 91 m mM in only one of +the patients. On C6 glioma cells, while the IC50 of U-83836E was 45 m mM, +U-74389G showed no cytotoxic effect. On the 5 th subculture, U-83836E had an IC50 +of 37.5 m mM, but the cytotoxic effects of U-74389G was less than in that of the +primary culture. In conclusion, these compounds were found to be more cytotoxic +in primary culture than the cell lines and there were also differences between +their members in the inhibition of cell survival. + + +PMID: 10491022 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1593. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jul;51(4-5):442-5. + +The in vitro hepatic metabolism of 1-phenyl-2-(2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl)ethanone +and their reduced derivatives. + +Yilmaz F(1), Ulgen M, Doğruer DS, Cakir B, Sahin MF. + +Author information: +(1)University of Marmara, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Haydarpasa, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The in vitro hepatic microsomal metabolism of +1-phenyl-2-(2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl)ethanone (I) and +(+/-)-1-Phenyl-2-(2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl)ethanol (II) was studied using both +rat microsomal preparations and soluble fractions fortified with NADPH. These two +substrates and their potential dealkylation metabolite 2-benzothiazolinone were +synthesized and their structures were elucidated by spectral methods. The results +showed that (I) was metabolised to (II), the corresponding alcohol by reduction. +More alcohol metabolite was observed with microsomes than those obtained with the +soluble fractions. No dealkylation of (I) was observed in the experiments using +both microsomes and soluble fractions. (II) was metabolised to (I), the +corresponding ketone by oxidation. However, compared to the metabolism of (I), +more ketone metabolite was observed with soluble fractions than microsomes. (II) +was also dealkylated to (III) with only soluble fractions but no dealkylated +metabolites were found in the microsomes. In addition, a common unknown +metabolite was observed with each substrates. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80037-2 +PMID: 10445413 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1594. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jul;51(4-5):403-8. + +In vivo effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs on oxidative +stress-related parameters of human erythrocytes. + +Orhan H(1), Inanici F, Arslan S, Hasçelik Z, Sahin G. + +Author information: +(1)Hacettepe University, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey. + +In this study, we evaluated the effects of commonly used non-steroidal +anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on oxidative stress and anti-oxidant system. +Sixteen healthy volunteers and 35 patients diagnosed as one of musculoskeletal +disorders were included in the study. Patients were treated with one of the three +NSAIDs (i.e. naproxen, tiaprofenic acid, acemetacin) or paracetamol for 15 days. +Erythrocyte glutathione S-transferase, erythrocyte and plasma glutathione +peroxidase, and erythrocyte catalase (CAT) activities and plasma malondialdehyde +level as lipid peroxidation index were detected in the blood samples of the +patients, at the beginning of the study (0 week), after treatment for 15 days +(2nd week), and at the end of 1 week-washout period (3rd week). The most affected +enzyme by NSAIDs was erythrocyte catalase, which tended to increase at the end of +2 weeks treatment, and decrease at the end of 1 week-washout period. In the +groups treated with acemetacin, naproxen and tiaprofenic acid, plasma +malondialdehyde levels were decreased at some extent, but at the end of washout +period a rebound increase was observed in acemetacin group. Our results suggest +that NSAIDs have different influences on oxidative stress and anti-oxidant system +related parameters. These effects seem to be related with the mechanisms of some +of the adverse effects, which are not well understood yet. Further studies with +larger groups are needed to illuminate the relationship between adverse effects +of NSAIDs and the effects of these drugs on anti-oxidant system, and to clarify +their mechanisms of therapeutic action, as well. + + +PMID: 10445405 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1595. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jul;51(4-5):397-402. + +The in vitro effects of new non-steroidal antiinflammatory compounds on +antioxidant system of human erythrocytes. + +Orhan H(1), Doğruer DS, Cakir B, Sahin G, Sahin MF. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. + +It has been reported by our group that some benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone +derivatives showed significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity +[DOGRUER et al. 1997]. It has been speculated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory +drugs (NSAIDs) can act as the free radical scavengers and possess antioxidant +activity. It is also well documented that oxidative stress can play an important +role in the side effects of many xenobiotics including NSAIDs. Therefore, in the +present study, the effects of six of the above mentioned benzoxazolone and +benzothiazolone derivatives bearing 2-pyridylaminocarbonylmetyl moiety at the +position 3 (I) on the antioxidant system-related parameters of human erythrocytes +have been investigated. Diclofenac and nimesulid were also tested in the same +systems as the control, because they are commonly used as NSAIDs. Our results +showed that these compounds made significant changes in the antioxidant system of +human erythrocyte. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80028-1 +PMID: 10445404 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1596. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jul;51(4-5):326-9. + +Cytoprotective effects of trimetazidine in carmustine cholestasis. + +Girgin F(1), Tüzün S, Demir A, Kuralay F, Ozutemiz O, Tanyalcin T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biochemistry, Ege Univ. Medical School, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. + +Carmustine [1 ,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosurea (BCNU)] is an antitumour agent, +however, its usefulness has been limited by a side effect; which involves +pericholangitis and intrahepatic cholestasis. The primary effects of cholestasis +is well known; bile flow retention, intracellular Ca++ accumulation and acidosis +although it may lead to hepatotoxicity by dose-dependent manner. Recent studies +provide evidence that lipoperoxidation (LPO) and alterations in the antioxidant +system may significantly contribute to BCNU induced hepatotoxicity. +Trimetazidine, (1-[2,3,4-Trimethoxy-benzyl] piperazine HCl; TMZ) introduced as an +antianginal compound, is found to exhibit various cytoprotective features by +preserving cellular ATP levels, limiting intracellular acidosis and inorganic +phosphate as well as Na+ and Ca++ accumulation in ischemic cardiac injury. No +study was undertaken to investigate the cytoprotective role of TMZ in cholestatic +injury till today; therefore we initiated this study to investigate if its +cytoprotective features also exhibit in the liver and to characterize further the +cholestatic response to BCNU administration. Male rats were randomly seperated to +control (CONT) (n = 15), BCNU administered (BCNU) (n = 16) and BCNU+TMZ +administered (BCNU+TMZ) (n = 12) groups. The control rats received a single +dosage of 2 ml/kg of corn oil (i.p.) while the BCNU group received a single +dosage of BCNU (20 mg/kg, i.p.) in corn oil. In the BCNU + TMZ group 2,5 +mg/kg/day (i.p.) of TMZ was administered for three days. This group also received +BCNU (20 mg/kg, i.p.) in corn oil, 12 hours after the initial dose of TMZ. The +cholestatic effect of BCNU was monitored by stasis markers such as ALP, GGT and +total bilirubin levels. Hepatic TBARS analysis was determined with the modified +method of OKHAWA et al. based on the reaction of lipid peroxides with +thiobarbituric acid. Oxidized (GSSG) and reduced (GSH) glutathione levels were +measured by the modified enzymatic recycling method of TEARE et al. Statistical +tests were performed using Kruskal Wallis one-way Anova test and posthoc analysis +by Newman-Keuls test. The BCNU group and the BCNU + TMZ group showed significant +increases (p = 0.029) in hepatic TBARS levels compared to the CONT group; however +the difference between the BCNU and BCNU + TMZ groups in regard to TBARS was not +significant. BCNU and BCNU + TMZ groups manifested a significant decrease (p = +0.0005) in GSH levels as compared to controls. GSH/GSSG ratios in the BCNU and +BCNU + TMZ group also manifested a significant decrease (p = 0.0013) as compared +to the CONT group. TMZ administration caused a significant increase in total GSH +levels (p = 0.0026) in BCNU + TMZ group when compared to the BCNU group. Our +results support the hypothesis that BCNU induced cholestasis partly involves LPO +revealed by the distinct increase in the content of TBARS in the liver after BCNU +administration. BCNU is a potent inhibitor of GSSG reductase altering the +preservation of the thiol redox balance in the system. As a result, supranormal +concentrations of intracellular GSSG would accumulate in the hepatocyte and the +extrusion of this oxidized compound would require active transport leading to ATP +hydrolysis. This would deplete the energy stores of the cell which would +accelerate further the possible prooxidant status. Although administration of TMZ +did not provoke any significant alterations in LPO, it preserved the total GSH +levels of the cell probably by improving the energy status of the cell by +protection of ATP-producing processes at the mitochondrial level and provision of +the necessary substrates for GSH synthesis. This protective role in the +antioxidant system normalizes the altered GSH levels by BCNU and hence proposes +TMZ to be a promising agent in the cholestatic injury. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80015-3 +PMID: 10445391 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1597. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jul;51(4-5):271-6. + +The effect of arginine-428 mutation on modulation of activity of human liver +flavin monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) by imipramine and chlorpromazine. + +Adali O(1), Carver GC, Philpot RM. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. + +This study was carried out to investigate the molecular basis for modulation of +recombinant FMO3-catalyzed activity by the tricyclic antidepressants, imipramine +and chlorpromazine. A mutant of human liver FMO3 (T428R) was formed by +site-directed mutagenesis and characterized along with the native enzyme in order +to elucidate a possible structure-function relationship. Functional properties of +native and T428R human FMO3s were studied with methimazole as substrate. Both +enzymes catalyzed the S-oxidation of methimazole with the same Km value. +Imipramine modulated the activities of the native and T428R human FMO3s +differently; the activity of the native FMO3 was increased at all concentrations, +whereas the activity of the mutant enzyme was inhibited at concentrations above +300 microM. Chlorpromazine activated the native enzyme at all concentrations of +methimazole but activated the mutant enzyme only at high substrate +concentrations. The direction (activation or inhibition) and extend of modulation +of FMO3 activity is not only dependent on the concentration of the modulator, it +is also dependent on the substrate concentration. This study confirms our +previous findings with FMO1 that position 428 is important in the interaction of +the FMO with modulators. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0940-2993(99)80004-9 +PMID: 10445381 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1598. Vet Pathol. 1999 Jul;36(4):340-1. + +Double aortic arch in a Siamese cat. + +Yarim M(1), Gültiken ME, Oztürk S, Sahal M, Bumin A. + +Author information: +(1)University of Ankara, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, +Diskapi, Turkey. + +A double aortic arch is described in an 8-week-old female Siamese cat. In this +case a vascular ring anomaly consistent with a double aortic arch is described in +a cat. Stridor and dysphagia were noted in the cat. Radiography showed an +esophageal dilation, with constriction at the fifth intercostal space. At +necropsy, the esophagus and trachea were constricted at the base of the heart. +The cause of the constriction of both the esophagus and trachea was a vascular +ring formed by well-developed right and left aortic arches. The ascending aorta +divided into two asymmetrical arches. The right aortic arch was larger than the +left. The origin of the major arteries from the aortic arches were anomalous. + +DOI: 10.1354/vp.36-4-340 +PMID: 10421102 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1599. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1999 Jun;20(2):145-9. + +Retrospective analysis of medicolegal cases and evaluation for erectile function. + +Ozkara H(1), Aşicioglu F, Alici B, Akkuş E, Hattat H. + +Author information: +(1)University of Istanbul, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Sexual Dysfunction Center, +Turkey. + +Erectile function (EF) is an important question in lawsuits for divorce, rape, +and damages. In this study, a method to evaluate medicolegal cases is defined, +and the characteristics of the 265 cases screened for EF between 1989 and 1997 +were analyzed. Interview, physical examination, psychometric evaluation, +nocturnal penile tumescence, serum hormone levels and blood chemistry, +intracavernosal drug injection, penile Doppler ultrasonography, and +pharmacocavernosometry and pharmacocavernosography tests were used for diagnosis. +The tests performed were selected according to the age of the subject. Of the 265 +cases 128 (48.3%) were for divorce, 116 (43.7%) were for rape, and 21 (8%) were +for indemnity relating to lawsuits for damages. In only 7 cases (2.7%) was the +defendant <15 years of age. Organic pathology for erectile dysfunction (ED) was +present in 22% of lawsuits for divorce, 40.5% of lawsuits for rape, and 33.4% of +lawsuits for damages. Three men in cases of divorce and 2 men after genital +trauma due to traffic accident suffered psychological ED. This study indicates +that lawyers may abuse the assertion of ED in lawsuits for divorce and rape. In +128 divorce cases the defendant was accused of being impotent, but evaluation +proved that 75.8% had normal EF. In lawsuits for rape, 59.5% of defendants had +normal EF although the lawyers of the rapist claimed their clients were impotent. +The investigation, interpretation, and characteristics of medicolegal cases may +differ in countries with different cultures. + + +PMID: 10414654 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1600. J Cutan Pathol. 1999 May;26(5):248-52. + +Conjunctival melanocytic nevi of childhood. + +Kabukçuoğlu S(1), McNutt NS. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Osmangazi University Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey. + +Two young patients with conjunctival compound nevi are presented to illustrate +two types of abnormalities that lead to difficulty in distinction of these nevi +from invasive melanomas. In Case 1, inflammation is associated with disruption of +the nevus cell architecture and cytologic atypia. In Case 2, the occurrence of a +combined nevus (compound and blue nevus types) in the conjunctiva leads to +diagnostic problems. Circumscription of the lesions, lack of mitoses in the +substantia propria, and lack of pagetoid spread of atypical cells in the adjacent +conjunctival epithelium support benign diagnoses in both cases. + + +PMID: 10408350 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1601. Diagn Cytopathol. 1999 Jul;21(1):55-6. + +Interesting morphologic finding in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. + +Paydas S(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, +Turkey. + +There is no specific morphologic finding that is representative of different +phenotypic patterns of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In 15 cases of T-cell +ALL, there were ruptured white blood cells among the lymphoblasts, as seen in +chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These 15 cases are presented in this report. + + +PMID: 10405811 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1602. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(2):123-8. + +Magnetic resonance imaging of bone marrow versus bone marrow biopsy in malignant +lymphoma. + +Ozgüroglu M(1), Esen Ersavasti G, Demir G, Aki H, Demirelli F, Kanberoglu K, +Mandel N, Büyükünal E, Serdengeçti S, Berkarda B. + +Author information: +(1)Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Department of Internal +Medicine Yogurtçu Basi Sokagi, Akçira apt. 20/3 , Istanbul, 81030, Turkey. +ozguroglu@superonline.com + +Bone marrow involvement is a frequent finding in malignant lymphoma. Bone marrow +biopsy of the posterior iliac crest is routinely performed for staging. Abnormal +magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signals of bone marrow was also reported to be +indicative of bone marrow involvement. This study included 60 patients with +malignant lymphoma. Unilateral bone marrow biopsy of the posterior iliac crest +was performed. MRI of lumbar spine was studied within 24 hours of bone marrow +biopsy. 22 healthy controls were used for the detection of MRI objectivity during +visual evaluation. In 83% of patients (50/60), biopsy and MRI results agreed +completely. In two patients, histologic sections failed to show any evidence of +bone marrow involvement despite abnormal MRI signals suggestive of involvement. +In three patients, MRI was completely normal despite biopsy proven bone marrow +infiltration. False negativity (3/60) and false positivity (2/60) rates were very +low. Negative biopsy findings with positive or equivocal MRI results should not +exclude bone marrow involvement and needs further evaluation with bilateral or +guided biopsy. Thus, we conclude that MRI of bone marrow is a fairly sensitive, +noninvasive modality and might be of potential value in detecting bone marrow +infiltration in malignant lymphoid neoplasms which can be utilized as a useful +adjunct to standard staging procedures. + + +PMID: 10393364 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1603. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(2):104-6. + +Expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in gastric carcinoma: correlation with +histopathologic characteristics and analysis of Ki-67. + +Dursun A(1), Poyraz A, Celik B, Akyol G. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Medical School Besevler, Department of Pathology Turgut Reis +Caddesi 16/8, Mebusevleri Tandogan, Ankara, 06580, Turkey. + +Amplification and overexpression of the c-erbB-2 gene has been demonstrated in +several tumors and thought to be important determinants of biologic behaviors of +carcinomas. In this study, correlation between c-erbB-2 expression und +histopathologic parameters, including proliferative activity of gastric +carcinomas was evaluated. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 62 patients who +underwent curative resection of gastric carcinoma were analyzed +immunohistochemically for the expression of c-erbB-2 and Ki-67. Strong membrane +staining for c-erbB-2 was detected in 11 of 62 gastric carcinomas (17,7%) and no +positive reaction was evident in noncancerous tissue. The incidence of c-erbB-2 +positivity in intestinal type carcinomas (24,3%) was higher than that of diffuse +type carcinomas (4,76%). Positive staining for c-erbB-2 was present in one of the +9 (11,1%) early gastric carcinomas and 10 of 53 (18, 8%) advanced gastric +carcinomas. However, no statistically significant relationships were found +between c-erbB-2 expression and histopathologic type, depth on invasion, the +tumor size or lymph node metastases. Among the metastatic lymph nodes, 3 were +positively stained with c-erbB-2 whereas the primary tumors of two cases had been +found to be negative. Additionally, no correlation was found between c-erbB-2 +reactivity and proliferative activity of carcinoma cells. The results suggest +that expression of c-erbB-2 protein may occur selectively in intestinal type of +gastric carcinomas. However, c-erbB-2 expression is not a reliable marker of +malignant potential in gastric carcinomas. + + +PMID: 10393360 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1604. Acta Cytol. 1999 May-Jun;43(3):481-4. + +Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Report of a case diagnosed with fine needle +aspiration cytology. + +Kaur AC(1), Dal H, Müezzinoğlu B, Paksoy N. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kocaeli, Izmit, +Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, inflammatory +breast disease of unknown etiology. Although it is rare, it frequently presents +in a manner similar to that of breast carcinoma. +CASE: A 41-year-old female developed unilateral idiopathic granulomatous +mastitis, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. The clinical presentation +and mammographic findings were suspicious for carcinoma. Fine needle aspiration +cytology showed granulomatous inflammation. Histopathologic examination revealed +a noncaseating, granulomatous lesion. Further clinical, radiologic and laboratory +investigations disclosed no etiology. Therefore, we considered the case to be +idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. +CONCLUSION: Cytologically it may be difficult to distinguish IGM from carcinoma +of the breast. Typical cytologic findings of the lesion are helpful to rule out +cancer. In the differential diagnosis, all known causes of granulomatous changes +have to be excluded before a diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is +made. + +DOI: 10.1159/000331104 +PMID: 10349385 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1605. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 1999 Jul-Aug;2(4):333-6. + +Testicular changes in newborn rats exposed to phototherapy. + +Koç H(1), Altunhan H, Dilsiz A, Kaymakçi A, Duman S, Oran B, Erkul I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Selçuk, 42080 +Konya, Turkey. + +In this study we investigated the long-term effects of 72-h continuous +phototherapy on the reproductive system of newborn rats. The animals' weight, +fertilization rates, and number of newborn and histopathological changes in the +gonads in a normal group not exposed to phototherapy and in the test animals were +compared. At the age of 24 weeks there were no significant differences between +the two groups, apart from the histology of the testicles of the male rats who +were exposed to the phototherapy. The study group showed a significantly reduced +diameter of the seminiferous tubules when compared to the controls (P < 0.001). +It can be postulated that phototherapy may cause histological degenerative +changes in the structure of the rat's testes, even though there were no changes +in fertilization rates. Further studies are necessary to reveal the effects of +phototherapy on humans and to determine the effects, if any, on fertility. + + +PMID: 10347276 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1606. Pathol Int. 1999 Mar;49(3):214-21. + +P53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in non-tumoral liver +diseases. + +Akyol G(1), Dursun A, Poyraz A, Uluoglu O, Ataoglu O, Edalý N, Memis L. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gazi University Medical School, Besevler, Ankara, +Turkey. umutakyol@sim.net.tr + +The tumor suppressor gene p53 is known to be involved in the negative regulation +of cell growth. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which is a nuclear +protein and a component of the DNA replication process, is also involved in +growth regulation. Both have been studied as progression markers in various +tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, the aberrant p53 +protein and PCNA expressions in non-tumoral liver diseases were investigated. +Using monoclonal antibodies anti-p53 (D07-DAKO) and anti-PCNA (PC10-DAKO), 149 +samples were stained, including 10 normal and 10 tumoral control liver tissues. +p53 Overexpression was detected in 52 specimens (35%) whereas PCNA positivity was +found in 96 (64%). There were 21 different pathological entities but most of the +positive samples could be grouped into four types of diseases; namely, +non-specific reactive hepatitis, steatohepatitis, chronic hepatitis and +cirrhosis. Statistical analyses performed on these groups revealed that p53 +positivity was found to be significantly higher in steatohepatitis (P < 0.05), +while PCNA positivity did not show any statistical significance. The number of +samples showing both p53 and PCNA positivity was 42 but their coexistence was not +found to be significant. Certain cytological alterations like nuclear +pleomorphism, steatosis and cholestasis, in addition to necroinflammatory +activity, were evaluated for their possible impact on p53 and/or PCNA positivity. +Necroinflammatory activity in steatohepatitis and steatosis in chronic hepatitis +was found to be significant for p53 positivity (P < 0.05). In contrast, nuclear +pleomorphism in non-specific reactive hepatitis was found to be significant for +PCNA positivity (P < 0.05). + + +PMID: 10338076 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1607. APMIS. 1999 May;107(5):474-6. + +Relationship between pinworm and urinary tract infections in young girls. + +Ok UZ(1), Ertan P, Limoncu E, Ece A, Ozbakkaloglu B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, +Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. + +Urinary tract infection is particularly common in young girls and Enterobius +vermicularis (pinworm) is one of the most prevalent worms found in children +worldwide. Young girls, with or without urinary tract infection, were examined +for pinworms in order to explore a possible relationship between these two +problems. Of the 55 young girls with urinary tract infection, 20 (36.4%) had +pinworm eggs in the perianal and/or perineal region monitored using the +cellophane tape method, while 9 (16.4%) of 55 young girls who had never +previously had a urinary tract infection were found to have Enterobius eggs in at +least one of the cellophane tape tests, and the difference was found to be +significant (p<0.05). These results suggested that urinary tract infections may +be related to pinworms. When a urinary tract infection is diagnosed in young +girls, cellulose tape should be applied to both the perianal and the perineal +regions on at least three consecutive occasions. + + +PMID: 10335951 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1608. Acta Cytol. 1999 Mar-Apr;43(2):281-4. + +Calcium oxalate crystals in benign cyst fluid from the breast. A case report. + +Ozer E(1), Canda T, Balci P, Gökçe O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylül University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. +ozere@cs.med.deu.edu.tr + +BACKGROUND: Two types of calcification have been observed in breast lesions. The +more common is composed mostly of calcium phosphate and is detected in routine +histologic tissue sections of frequently malignant lesions. The rare type is +calcium oxalate and is found exclusively in benign cysts. +CASE: In a 47-year-old female, strongly birefringent polyhedral crystals of +calcium oxalate were detected in benign breast cyst fluid. +CONCLUSION: Calcium oxalate is not clearly visible on routine histologic +sections, and examination of the cytologic specimens under polarized light +reveals them. Awareness of this potential pitfall might lead to conservative +management. + +DOI: 10.1159/000330994 +PMID: 10097726 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1609. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(1):41-5. + +p53 and p16INK4A mutations during the progression of glomus tumor. + +Güran S(1), Tali ET. + +Author information: +(1)Gülhane Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ankara, +Turkey. gurans@gata.edu.tr + +Glomus tumors are significantly rare tumors of carotid body. The great majority +of these tumors are benign in character. Here we present two brothers with +hereditary glomus jugulare tumor who had consanguineous parents. Radiotherapy was +applied approximately 8 and 10 years ago for treatment in both cases. Eight years +later, one of these cases came to our notice due to relapse. The mutation pattern +of p53, p57KIP2, p16INK4A and p15NK4B genes which have roles in the cell cycle, +was analyzed in tumor samples obtained from the two affected cases in the initial +phase and from one of these cases at relapse. The DNA sample obtained from the +case in initial diagnosis phase revealed no p53, p57KIP2, p16INK4A or p15INK4B +mutation. He is still in remission phase. Despite the lack of p53, p57KIP2, +p16INK4A and p15INK4B mutation at initial diagnosis the tumor DNA of the other +case in relapse revealed p53 codon 243 (ATG-->ATC; met-->ile) and p16 codon 97 +(GAC-->AAC; asp-->asn) missense point mutations. No loss of heterozygosity in p53 +and p16INK4A was observed by microsatellite analysis of tumoral tissues in these +cases. P53 and p16INK4A mutations observed in relapse phase were in conserved +regions of both genes. No previous reports have been published with these +mutations in glomus tumor during progression. The mutation observed in this case +may due to radiotherapy. In spite of this possibility, the missense point +mutations in conserved region of p53 and p16INK4A genes may indicate the role of +p53 and p16INK4A in tumor progression of glomus tumors. + + +PMID: 10079377 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1610. Pathol Oncol Res. 1999;5(1):36-40. + +Histopathologic features and expression of Bcl-2 and p53 proteins in primary +gastric lymphomas. + +Dogusoy G(1), Karayel FA, Göcener S, Göksel S. + +Author information: +(1)University of Istanbul, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +The aim of this study is to present a histopathologic and immunohistochemical +analysis of primary gastric lymphomas which were reclassified according to the +concept of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). The resected specimens from +41 patients with primary gastric lymphoma were investigated retrospectively. +Immunohistochemical study was done to analyze the immunophenotype and bcl-2 and +p53 proteins expression. Twenty three of the cases had tumors mainly located in +the antrum. Histologically, 12 were low grade and 20 were high grade B-cell +lymphoma of MALT, 9 other B-cell nonHodgkin's lymphomas. Helicobacter pylori was +identified in 72% of the cases. According to Musshoff's modification, most of the +MALT lymphoma cases had stage I or II disease. There was significant difference +between low and high grade cases, in respect to depth of invasion in gastric +wall. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells in all MALT lymphomas expressed +B-cell phenotype. Bcl-2 protein was found to be expressed in 59% and p53 protein +expression was detected in 72% of cases. Among the B-cell lymphoma of MALT, bcl-2 +positivity decreased and p53 positivity increased significantly as the +histological grade advanced. So, an inverse correlation was observed between the +expression of bcl-2 and p53. In conclusion, most primary gastric lymphomas are +low or high grade B-cell MALT lymphomas and appear to arise in MALT acquired as a +reaction to Helicobacter pylori infection. Expression of bcl-2 and p53 in gastric +lymphomas may be associated with transformation from low-grade to high-grade +disease. + + +PMID: 10079376 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1611. Pathol Int. 1998 Dec;48(12):964-6. + +Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva: case report. + +Ustun C(1), Malazgirt Z, Kandemir B, Kocak I, Bolat I, Gumus S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ondokuz Mays University, Samsun, +Turkey. omutipfak@superonline.com + +Angiomyxomas are a group of relatively rare mesenchymal myxoid tumors. Three +types of angiomyxomas have been identified: superficial angiomyxoma, aggressive +angiomyxoma and angiomyofibroblastoma. These tumors have a predilection for +occurring in the perineum of middle-aged females and are often clinically +diagnosed as Bartholin's cyst. A case of a 42-year-old female with a perineal +angiomyofibroblastoma mimicking a Bartholin's cyst is presented. The pathological +and clinical characteristics of this tumor are discussed. + + +PMID: 9952340 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1612. Cytopathology. 1998 Dec;9(6):389-97. + +Cytologic diagnosis and subtyping of rhabdomyosarcoma. + +Atahan S(1), Aksu O, Ekinci C. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Turkey. + +We reviewed the cytological findings of 38 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with +histological confirmation performed during a period of 15 years and proposed a +morphological subtyping based on the most prominent cytologic features. Seventeen +of these cases were alveolar, 14 cases embryonal, and seven botryoid subtypes. +From these cases, a total of 43 samples, of which 37 were fine needle aspiration +(FNA) biopsies and six were touch imprints, were evaluated. Detailed cellular +features were identified which enabled differentiation into histological +subtypes. In the alveolar RMSs, most tumour cells were small and lymphocyte-like, +having finely granular chromatin. The finding of cells with more abundant +cytoplasm, eccentrically located nuclei and bi/multinucleated tumour cells in a +background of mucosubstance helped in the differential diagnosis. Two cell types, +including large, tadpole or ribbon-shaped tumour cells and small, round cells +with scant cytoplasm, were seen in embryonal RMSs. In botryoid RMSs, a cell type +with tightly grouped nuclei within elongated cytoplasm similar to a myotubular +structure was observed in addition to the two cell types of embryonal RMSs. We +conclude that with experience it will be possible to subtype these tumours by +cytologic examination alone. + + +PMID: 9861531 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1613. Diagn Cytopathol. 1998 Sep;19(3):201-4. + +Salivary duct carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: analysis of the findings in +fine-needle aspiration cytology and histology. + +Ersöz C(1), Cetik F, Aydin O, Cosar EF, Talas DU. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. +tre@future.net.tr + +Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an uncommon and highly aggressive neoplasm that +reveals histopathologic features resembling infiltrating duct carcinoma of the +breast and prostate. SDC arising on the basis of preexisting pleomorphic adenoma +(PA) is very rare. This report describes the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) +cytology of a case of SDC ex PA. FNA smears were cellular with cells with large, +pleomorphic nuclei, some prominent nucleoli, and finely vacuolated cytoplasm. The +neoplastic cells were forming groups, sheets, and papillary structures and a +cribriform pattern was present in some sheets. Mitotic figures were frequently +seen. Necrosis was prominent in the background. Histologic sections of the tumor +revealed areas of comedo carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, and infiltrative +carcinoma as well as multiple foci of PA. The presence of a cribriform pattern, +tumor cells resembling breast ductal carcinoma cells, and a necrotic background +are helpful features for an accurate cytodiagnosis of SDC. + + +PMID: 9740996 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1614. Int J Exp Pathol. 1998 Apr;79(2):105-8. + +Circadian rhythmicity in serotonin-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. + +Gidener S(1), Koyuncuoglu M, Gelal A, Gümüstekin M, Guven H, Bökesoy A, Güre A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, +Turkey. + +Time-dependent patterns in the susceptibility of the rat gastric mucosa to +ulcerogenic stimuli involving stress or chemical injury have been described. The +purpose of this study was to evaluate whether serotonin (5-HT)-induced gastric +mucosal injury is produced in a circadian fashion in the rat model. In fasted +Wistar rats (adapted for 3 weeks to a standard 12-h light-dark cycle), 5-HT +administered subcutaneously (20 mg/kg, 4 h before autopsy) produced gastric +mucosal injury. The stomachs were removed and the ulcers were scored for +intensity, using a scale of 0-4. In studies performed at 4-h intervals, beginning +1 h after lights-on, most of the mucosal injury occurred at 2000 h, i.e. early in +the dark phase. Likewise, serum corticosterone levels were also found to be high +at the same time period. The time of 2000 h is approximately determined to be the +beginning of the rats' active period. These results suggest that the extent of +acute 5-HT-induced gastric mucosal injury varies with the time of day and that +elevations in corticosterone concentrations might be responsible for the +5-HT-induced gastric mucosal injury. + + +PMCID: PMC3230833 +PMID: 9709379 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1615. Acta Cytol. 1998 Jul-Aug;42(4):875-82. + +Fine needle aspiration of malignant bone lesions. + +Kabukçuoğlu F(1), Kabukçuoğlu Y, Kuzgun U, Evren I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Sisli Etfal Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the +early diagnosis of malignant bone lesions. +STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-eight bone lesions that were considered malignant clinically +and radiographically were evaluated by FNA. The results were compared with the +histopathology of the subsequent open biopsies. +RESULTS: An accuracy rate of 89.5% was achieved by FNA. Eighty-four percent of +the cases were consistent with the clinical and radiographic findings. +Chondrosarcoma gave the greatest diagnostic difficulty in the differential +diagnosis with other chondroid tumors. Giant cell tumor cases also produced some +difficulty when the cytology was hemorrhagic and low in cellularity, displaying +features of other benign bone lesions containing giant cells. Ewing's sarcoma and +multiple myeloma could be identified when interpreted with their coexistent +clinical findings. The metastatic carcinoma cases were also easy to define, +forming another group with a high rate of accuracy. +CONCLUSION: FNA plays a valuable role in the initial diagnosis of malignant bone +lesions. Cytologic assessment with the clinical and radiologic findings, together +with the experience of the cytopathologist, can yield almost the same diagnostic +accuracy in the majority of the lesions. + +DOI: 10.1159/000331962 +PMID: 9684571 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1616. Cytopathology. 1998 Jun;9(3):201-7. + +Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in tuberculous lymphadenitis. + +Ersöz C(1), Polat A, Serin MS, Soylu L, Demircan O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Cukurova University, Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey. + +Sixty-three lymph node aspirates were screened and 32 aspirates revealing +granulomatous lymphadenitis with or without caseation necrosis were re-evaluated. +The most characteristic morphological features among these cases were epithelioid +cell clusters with or without caseation necrosis. When clusters were thick, +careful observation of the periphery of the clusters helped to find epithelioid +cells. Caseation necrosis revealed a typical macroscopic and microscopic +appearance. Ziehl-Neelsen staining was negative in all smears and histological +sections. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification technique was applied to +23 of the cases in which the cytological diagnoses were consistent with +tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was demonstrated in 19 (82.60%) cases.IN +CONCLUSION: (i) it is necessary to perform several aspirations from different +sites of the enlarged lymph node; (ii) the diagnosis of 'granulomatous +lymphadenitis, consistent with tuberculosis' can be given, even though the +acid-fast stains are negative; (iii) additional techniques such as PCR give +supportive information; (iv) an open biopsy is recommended if there is a +discrepancy with the clinical impression. + + +PMID: 9638382 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1617. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1998 Jun;57(6):635-42. + +Fate of Schwann cells in CMT1A and HNPP: evidence for apoptosis. + +Erdem S(1), Mendell JR, Sahenk Z. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +The fate of Schwann cells in Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathies was addressed +in this study of nerve biopsies from patients with proven PMP22 duplications and +deletions. In frozen sections, apoptotic nuclei were detected using the TUNEL +method. In adjacent sections, anti-neurofilament 68kD antibody was used as an +axonal marker, while the antibodies to NKH-1 and low-affinity nerve growth factor +receptor P75NTR were used as Schwann cell markers. In addition, plastic sections +were used to determine the densities of myelinated fibers and Schwann cell +nuclei. In all biopsies from CMT1A, TUNEL-positive nuclei appeared in clusters. +In adjacent sections, areas of TUNEL-positive nuclei matched with areas devoid of +neurofilaments and NKH-1-positive Schwann cell silhouettes, suggesting that the +apoptotic nuclei belonged to nonmyelinating Schwann cells. In addition, +quantitative studies on plastic-embedded sections showed a significantly reduced +number of total Schwann cells compared with controls, strongly favoring a loss of +Schwann cell by apoptosis. In HNPP, the number of total Schwann cells was +increased and a significant Schwann cell apoptosis was observed in only 2 +patients. Examination of plastic sections and teased nerve preparations from +these cases suggested that the Schwann cell apoptosis might be related to the +regenerative state of the nerve resulting from the process of sprout pruning. No +strict correlation between p75NTR expression and apoptosis was found. These +studies indicate that factors regulating Schwann cell number in early postnatal +development continue to be important for Schwann cell survival throughout life. + + +PMID: 9630241 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1618. Acta Cytol. 1998 May-Jun;42(3):799-802. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of hepatoblastoma. A report of two cases. + +Ersöz C(1), Zorludemir U, Tanyeli A, Gümürdülü D, Celiktaş M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary hepatic tumor in children. +The literature contains few examples of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of +these tumors. +CASES: A 5-month-old and 4-month-old underwent ultrasonography-guided FNA for the +preoperative investigation of hepatic masses. The smears were stained with +May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain. Alcohol-fixed smears were used for +immunocytochemistry. All smears revealed cells with round/oval nuclei, prominent +nucleoli and vacuolated cytoplasm, arranged in groups and acinar structures. The +groups were embedded in a myxoid stroma. alpha-Fetoprotein was positive in all, +and vimentin was positive in some tumor cells. The cytologic findings resembled +the histologic counterpart in one case, and the other case agreed with the +clinical/radiologic prediagnosis. Immunocytochemistry was supportive. +CONCLUSION: FNA cytology can be diagnostic in many other childhood tumors as well +as hepatoblastomas. Detailed descriptions of cytomorphologic features of +hepatoblastoma will help FNA to be used confidently on these tumors. + +DOI: 10.1159/000331851 +PMID: 9622712 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1619. Clin Neuropathol. 1998 Jan-Feb;17(1):12-4. + +A case of a hereditary, late progressing sensory autonomic neuropathy. + +Cinar Y(1), Hekimoglu F, Ince B, Ince U, Onganer E. + +Author information: +(1)Internal Medicine Department, Haydarpasa Numune Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +A case of a hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) with severe medical +complications that had been reported as nonprogressive HSAN type II has been +followed and treated for a period of 10 years, and is now considered to be +progressive HSAN type III, is presented. Current difficulties in the present form +of the classification of HSAN, the necessity to observe these cases for longer +periods and possible prolongation of survival with appropriate supportive +treatment are emphasized. + + +PMID: 9496534 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1620. Tissue Antigens. 1998 Jan;51(1):96-100. + +HLA-DQB1*0602 homozygosity increases relative risk for narcolepsy but not disease +severity in two ethnic groups. US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study +Group. + +Pelin Z(1), Guilleminault C, Risch N, Grumet FC, Mignot E. + +Author information: +(1)Sleep Clinic, Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, +Turkey. + +Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder known to be tightly associated with +HLA-DQA1*0102 and DQB1*0602. In this study, we have examined if homozygosity for +DQB1*0602 increases disease susceptibility and/or severity. Patients diagnosed at +Stanford University (n=160) or enrolled in a multicenter clinical trial (n=509) +were included in this analysis. In both African-Americans and Caucasian-Americans +with or without cataplexy, a significantly higher than expected number of +subjects were DQB1*0602 homozygotes. Relative risks were 2-4 times higher in +DQB1*0602 homozygotes vs heterozygotes across all patient groups. In contrast, +symptom severity did not differ between DQB1*0602 homozygous and heterozygous +subjects. These results indicate that HLA-DQB1*0602 homozygosity increases +susceptibility to narcolepsy but does not appear to influence disease severity. + + +PMID: 9459509 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1621. APMIS. 1997 Sep;105(9):705-7. + +Purulent meningitis due to Rhodococcus equi. A case of posttraumatic infection. + +Tünger A(1), Ozkan F, Vardar F, Burhanoğlu D, Ozinel MA, Tokbaş A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Ege University Medical +Faculty, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. + +Opportunistic infections due to Rhodococcus equi have been increasingly reported +in the immunocompromised population, especially in patients with AIDS. In this +report, we present an unusual case of purulent meningitis that developed in an +immunocompetent six-year-old child through direct inoculation of R. equi. + + +PMID: 9350214 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1622. Pathol Int. 1997 Sep;47(9):627-32. + +Immunohistochemical study on histogenesis of congenital epulis and review of the +literature. + +Uğraş S(1), Demírtaş I, Bekerecíoğlu M, Kutluhan A, Karakök M, Peker O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Yüzüncii Yil University, Van, Turkey. + +Congenital epulis is a very rare lesion found only in newborn infants. This tumor +is multiple in about 10% of reported cases, rarely with the simultaneous +involvement of the maxilla and mandibula, as in this article. In the presented +case, light microscopy demonstrated large eosinophilic granular cells arranged in +solid nests that are separated by thin fibrovascular areas. The tumors in the +maxilla and mandibula were investigated with a panel of polyclonal and monoclonal +antibodies, and using immunoperoxidase methods on formalin-fixed, +paraffin-embedded sections. Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong and +diffuse cytoplasmic staining for neuron specific enolase and vimentin. However, +all other reactions were negative. These results suggest that the congenital +epulis may be derived from uncommitted nerve-related mesenchymal cells. + + +PMID: 9311015 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1623. Diagn Cytopathol. 1997 Aug;17(2):88-91. + +Brush technique in ocular surface cytology. + +Yağmur M(1), Ersöz C, Ersöz TR, Varinli S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Cukurova University, Medical Faculty, cali +Hospital, Adana, Turkey. + +New techniques are being searched for the evaluation of cellular morphology and +population of ocular surface. Impression cytology is one of the most preferred +techniques in ocular surface sampling in dry eye, keratitis, and conjunctivitis. +We evaluated and compared the efficacy of impression and brush cytology in 63 +patients. All of the samples collected by the brush technique were sufficient for +diagnosis: 88% of the slides revealed abundant cells and 12% adequate number of +cells. In 21% of the samples observed by impression cytology the cell number was +inadequate for diagnosis. In 58% of them the cells were abundant and in 21% few +cells were observed. This study proved the value of brush cytology in collecting +ocular surface cells. + + +PMID: 9258614 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1624. Acta Cytol. 1997 Jul-Aug;41(4):1159-66. + +Cytologic diagnosis of complicated pulmonary unilocular cystic hydatidosis. A +study of 131 cases. + +Oztek I(1), Baloglu H, Demirel D, Saygi A, Balkanli K, Arman B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of cytochemical stains and microscopic +techniques for the detection of true hydatid elements (primary cytologic +criteria) and to evaluate the efficacy of granulomatous elements (secondary +cytologic criteria) for the diagnosis of complicated pulmonary unilocular cystic +hydatidosis (CPUCH). +STUDY DESIGN: Sputum, bronchial washing and bronchial brushing specimens obtained +from 131 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of CPUCH were reviewed. +RESULTS: CPUCH was histopathologically proven in 111 of 131 patients. Scolices +were found in 11 patients in Papanicolaou-EA65 (PAP-EA65)-stained slides. Special +stains and dark field microscopy (DFM) did not make any additional contribution +to specifying the nature of the scolexlike objects. Hooklets were found in 26 +patients in PAP-EA65-stained slides. Masson's trichrome stain and DFM revealed +hooklets in 37 and 50 cases, respectively. Laminated membrane fragments were +found in 14 patients in PAP-EA65-stained slides. Gomori's methenamine silver +stain and DFM demonstrated laminated membrane fragments in 25 and 33 cases, +respectively. Secondary cytologic criteria, such as multinucleated giant cells, +degenerated squamous cells, dyskaryotic squamous cells, excessive amounts of +eosinophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes, histiocytes, necrotic debris, fibrinoid +material and erythrocytes, were considered to be suggestive of hydatid disease +when there are more than three such factors in patients with a presumptive +diagnosis of CPUCH. +CONCLUSION: Though DFM examination is superior to cytochemical stains used in +this study, both cytochemical stains and DFM are useful in increasing the +sensitivity of cytologic detection of true hydatid elements, especially hooklets +and laminated membrane fragments. They should be used as auxiliary techniques. +Secondary cytologic criteria are suggestive of the diagnosis of CPUCH, and +special care should be taken when there are more than three such factors in +cytologic specimens. + +DOI: 10.1159/000332839 +PMID: 9250315 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1625. Diagn Cytopathol. 1997 Jun;16(6):526-30. + +Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of salivary duct carcinoma: report of five cases. + +Fýrat P(1), Cramer H, Feczko JD, Kratzer S, Layfield LJ, Eisenhut CC, Glant MD. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Salivary duct carcinoma is a high grade malignancy which histologically strongly +resembles ductal carcinoma of the breast. The findings from five cases of +histologically proven salivary duct carcinoma sampled by preoperative fine-needle +aspiration (FNA) cytology are presented. Characteristic cytomorphologic features +include cohesive clusters and flat sheets of epithelial cells which display a +cribriform pattern with eccentrically located, hyperchromatic nuclei, abundant +finely granular cytoplasm, and necrosis in the smear background. + + +PMID: 9181320 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1626. Acta Cytol. 1997 May-Jun;41(3):649-52. + +Fine needle aspiration biopsy in hepatic Echinococcus multilocularis. + +Ciftçioğlu MA(1), Yildirgan MI, Akçay MN, Reis A, Safali M, Aktaş E. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, +Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To determine the fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) findings in +hepatic Echinococcus multilocularis. +STUDY DESIGN: FNAB and tru-cut liver needle biopsy were applied in 14 hepatic E +multilocularis cases. Cytologic smears were stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa and +periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain. Tissue sections were stained with +hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and PAS stain. +RESULTS: In tissue sections, homogeneous, thin, cystic structures of various +dimensions strongly stained with PAS. Mucoid material was stained with PAS in the +cystic structures. Wide, coagulative necrosis was observed in all cases. In some +cases there were foreign body-type giant cells at the periphery of the lesion. In +all the cytologic smears there were an intense necrotic ground, PAS-positive +hyaline cuticular structures and mucoid globules; in some cases there were +foreign body-type giant cells. +CONCLUSION: The above cytologic characteristics are basic diagnostic criteria for +FNAB of E multilocularis. + +DOI: 10.1159/000332678 +PMID: 9167677 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1627. J Clin Pathol. 1997 Mar;50(3):261-2. + +Bone marrow necrosis in antiphospholipid syndrome. + +Paydas S(1), Koçak R, Zorludemir S, Baslamisli F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Oncology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcali, +Adana, Turkey. + +Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a relatively rare entity and has been associated +with a poor prognosis. It is most commonly found in patients with neoplastic +disorders, severe infections and sickle cell anemia. An unusual case of +antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with extensive bone marrow necrosis is described +in a 27 year old woman. The patient presented with severe pancytopenia, some +cognitive impairment resulting from a previous cerebrovascular accident, fever, +hypertension, dyspnoea, tachycardia, hepatosplenomegaly, and vaginal bleeding. +Her laboratory findings included a strongly positive Coombs' test (anti-IgG and +anti-C3d), a prothrombin time of 23 seconds and an activated partial +thromboplastin time of 45 seconds. Anticardiolipin antibody tests were positive. +Antinuclear and anti-DNA antibodies were negative but the anti-SM test was +positive. A bone marrow biopsy specimen was reported as showing extensive +necrosis. The patient was treated with steroids, transfusion, and plasma exchange +with some clinical improvement but her pancytopenia did not respond and +necessitated frequent transfusions. This case lends further support to the +association between APS and BMN. + + +PMCID: PMC499827 +PMID: 9155683 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1628. Lepr Rev. 1997 Mar;68(1):43-9. + +The extent of leprosy-related disabilities in Istanbul Leprosy Hospital, Turkey. + +Cakiner T(1), Yüksel A, Eğït AS, Cağri G, Karaçorlu M, Kültür A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Leprosy Research Center, Turkey. + +This study was carried out between January and December 1992 at the Istanbul +Leprosy Hospital. Seven hundred and eleven leprosy patients were evaluated +according to their age, gender and type of disease and disability according to +the WHO disability grading system (1980). There were 527 males (74.2%) and 184 +females (25.8%) in the group. The average age was 50.0 +/- 13.5 years and the +average duration of disease was 25.9 +/- 13.2 years. Six hundred and +seventy-eight patients (95.4%) were in borderline (BL) and lepromatous (LL) +leprosy. The extent of disabilities was very high in 711 leprosy patients. It was +found that 539 of the patients (75.8%) had eye disabilities, 511 of them (71.8%) +had hand disabilities, 521 of them (73.3%) had foot disabilities. The most +frequent eye, hand and foot disabilities were a decrease of vision (52.7), acute +or chronic iridocyclitis (48.8%), slightly-marked corneal sensory loss (43.2%), +mobile claw hand (33.3%), palmar insensitivity (16.3%), plantar ulcer (37.2%) and +plantar insensitivity (19.8%). Eye deformities were the most common of the three +affected areas in this study. + + +PMID: 9121331 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1629. Diagn Cytopathol. 1997 Mar;16(3):230-2. + +Histologic alterations in the thyroid gland after fine-needle aspiration. + +Ersöz C(1), Soylu L, Erkoçak EU, Tetiker T, Gümürdülü D. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey. + +To evaluate the histologic alterations due to the fine-needle aspiration (FNA), a +comparative study between 20 aspirated and 20 nonaspirated thyroidectomy +specimens was performed. The most common findings in the aspirated group were +hemorrhage (80%) and vascular proliferation and/or vascular thrombosis (45%). In +one of the aspirated cases with the cytologic diagnosis of follicular neoplasm, +histologic sections revealed prominent vascular and endothelial proliferation. +Fibrosis, cystic degeneration, and infarction were other histologic findings in +the aspirated group. Hemorrhage was seen in 45% and cystic degeneration in 25% of +the nonaspirated cases. Fifty percent of the nonaspirated cases did not have any +additional findings. In conclusion, knowledge of previous FNA application and +awareness of possible histologic alterations due to the needling is necessary +while evaluating the histologic sections of the thyroidectomy specimens. + + +PMID: 9099543 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1630. J Oral Pathol Med. 1997 Feb;26(2):100-4. + +Amyloidaceous ulcerated gingival hyperplasia: a newly described entity related to +ligneous conjunctivitis. + +Gokbuget AY(1), Mutlu S, Scully C, Efeoglu A, Porter SR, Speight P, Erseven G, +Karacorlu M. + +Author information: +(1)Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Turkey. + +Gingival hyperplasia may be genetic, may be acquired as a consequence of exposure +to drugs and other agents or may appear as part of a more widespread disorder. +Five patients who acquired gingival hyperplasia due to amyloidaceous deposits +staining only for fibrin are presented. This appears to be a new entity related +to ligneous conjunctivitis. + + +PMID: 9049911 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1631. J Clin Pathol. 1997 Jan;50(1):74-6. + +Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the liver. + +Demirhan B(1), Sökmensüer C, Karakayali H, Güngen Y, Doğan A, Haberal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Anakara, +Turkey. + +Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the liver is a rare tumour, only two cases of +which have been reported so far. A third case arising in a 22 year old woman, who +presented with abdominal pain and enlargement of the liver, is described. +Ultrasound and a computed tomography scan showed a solitary hepatic mass, 12 cm +diameter, involving both lobes of the liver. Serum immunoelectrophoresis revealed +an IgG kappa monoclonal gammopathy. Histologically, the tumour was composed of +mature plasma cells with mild atypia. The plasma cells infiltrated the liver +parenchyma and showed kappa light chain restriction. The monoclonal nature of the +tumour was also demonstrated by PCR amplification of the immunoglobulin heavy +chain genes. There was no evidence of bone involvement and repeated bone marrow +aspirates and biopsy specimens were normal. The patient was treated with eight +courses of chemotherapy. One year after diagnosis, the patient is well, the size +of the tumour has decreased and the paraproteinaemia has disappeared. + + +PMCID: PMC499720 +PMID: 9059364 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1632. Virchows Arch. 1997 Jan;430(1):17-22. + +Immunohistochemical localization of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in in situ and +invasive duct breast carcinomas. + +Kapucuoglu N(1), Losi L, Eusebi V. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, S.B. Onkoloji Hastanesi, Ankara, Turkey. + +Bcl-2 and Bax proteins are coded by a family of genes that take part in the +manteinance of the balance between cell proliferation rate and programmed cell +death in multicellular organisms. The Bax gene acts as promoter of cell death by +opposing the death protector effect of the Bcl-2 gene. Expression of the Bcl-2 +and Bax proteins has been investigated in 58 cases of duct carcinoma in situ +(DCIS) and duct invasive and invasive lobular carcinomas (IC) of the breast. +While both proteins were expressed at the same time in normal and benign +epithelium, different staining patterns were observed according to the degree of +differentiation of the neoplastic epithelium. In well-differentiated DCIS and +grade I IC there was a predominance of Bcl-2 protein staining. Grade II lesions +co-expressed both proteins. Poorly differentiated DCIS displayed a predominantly +Bax protein staining pattern. Therefore, it appears that Bax protein expression, +especially in DCIS, relates to more aggressive neoplasms while Bcl-2 protein +expression is associated with less aggressive malignant lesions. + + +PMID: 9037310 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1633. Clin Neuropathol. 1997 Jan-Feb;16(1):27-9. + +Cystic chondroma arising from the falx cerebri: a case study with review of +literature. + +Ustün MO(1), Paksoy N, Kilicarslan B. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Akdeniz, Antalya, +Turkey. + +A 28-year-old woman was presented with an 1-year history of headache, double +vision and left hand and foot paresthesia. Clinical and CT findings were +evaluated malignant. During the operation a solid mass attached to the falx +cerebri was found. Pathological examination showed a chondroma with large central +cystic degeneration. Our review of the literature revealed only 9 cases of +falcine chondroma up to now, excluding ours. + + +PMID: 9020391 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1634. Acta Cytol. 1996 Nov-Dec;40(6):1265-71. + +Chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced cytologic alterations in the sputum of +patients with inoperable lung carcinoma. Role in follow-up. + +Oztek I(1), Baloğlu H, Uskent N, Kartaloğlu Z, Uçmakli E, Aydilek R, Dorkip O, +Yaylaci M, Ozel M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy Haydarpasa Training +Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To define the light microscopic cytologic changes due to chemotherapy +(CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT); to evaluate the differentiation of those changes +according to treatment; to find out whether a relation exists between treatment +type and its duration and the cytologic findings; and to determine the role of +sputum cytology in evaluating efficacy of treatment and follow-up in patients +with inoperable lung cancer of various histology. +STUDY DESIGN: A total of 1,605 periodic sputum samples from 80 cases of lung +cancer obtained during treatment and follow-up were prospectively examined +cytologically. The relationship of treatment type and duration to qualitative and +semiquantitative data and the definability of the response to treatment as well +as the relationship of progression-free survival (PFS) and total survival (TS) +rates with cytologic data were evaluated. +RESULTS: The majority of therapy-induced cellular changes were in the nucleus and +were directly related to the duration of treatment. An increase in minimally +affected tumor cells, tumor cells that lost their pathologic features and +necrotic cell debris were good indicators of therapeutic efficacy. Cytologic +changes did not reflect PFS and TS rates. +CONCLUSION: Although light microscopic cytologic changes cannot be attributed +objectively to either RT or CT, therapeutic efficacy is shown in follow-up sputum +cytology, which can be used in monitoring and planning additional therapy or +other therapeutic options in lung cancer patients. + +DOI: 10.1159/000334020 +PMID: 8960039 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1635. Int J Exp Pathol. 1996 Oct;77(5):207-12. + +The effects of amrinone and glucagon on verapamil-induced cardiovascular toxicity +in anaesthetized rats. + +Tuncok Y(1), Apaydin S, Kalkan S, Ates M, Guven H. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Balcova +Izmir, Turkey. + +The goal of this study was to compare the effects of glucagon and amrinone on +mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate, when used alone and in combination, +in an anaesthetized rat model of verapamil toxicity. Rats were anaesthetized and +the carotid artery was cannulated for MAP and heart rate measurements. Jugular +and femoral veins were cannulated for drug administration. After verapamil +infusion (15 mg/kg/h), control animals were given normal saline solution and the +other groups received amrinone (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg/min), glucagon (0.3 mg/kg bolus +followed by 0.1 or 0.2 mg/ kg/min infusion), glucagon plus amrinone (0.1 +mg/kg/min and 0.1 mg/kg/min respectively) or glucagon plus amrinone (0.2 +mg/kg/min and 0.1 mg/kg/min respectively). Glucagon (0.2 mg/kg/min) significantly +increased MAP when compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The combination of +glucagon and amrinone did not produce a synergistic effect for the recovery of +MAP. Furthermore, this combination masked the positive effects of glucagon (0.2 +mg/kg/min) on MAP. Glucagon (0.2 mg/kg/min) increased the heart rates compared +with those of the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, amrinone (0.1 +mg/kg/min) plus glucagon (0.1 mg/kg/min) increased the heart rates (P < 0.05). +Finally, glucagon dose dependently recovered MAP. While amrinone depressed MAP in +combination with glucagon, it did not alter the positive chronotropic effect of +high dose glucagon. + + +PMCID: PMC2691635 +PMID: 8977372 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1636. Acta Cytol. 1996 Sep-Oct;40(5):967-9. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of ameloblastoma. A report of 10 cases. + +Günhan O(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical School, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, +Ankara, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Utilization of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of +odontogenic tumors seems to have attracted little attention. +CASES: Ten cytologically diagnosed and histologically confirmed ameloblastoma +cases were reviewed in order to establish whether it is possible to obtain a +reliable cytologic diagnosis of ameloblastomas. +CONCLUSION: Attention to the palisading arrangement of ameloblastlike epithelial +cells and digitated, stellate reticulum-like cells may lead to the diagnosis of +ameloblastoma. Ameloblastomas can be aspirated easily, and the cytologic features +may be sufficiently distinctive. + +DOI: 10.1159/000334010 +PMID: 8842175 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1637. Int J Exp Pathol. 1996 Aug;77(4):163-6. + +The effect of acute bilateral adrenalectomy on serotonin-induced inhibition of +gastric acid secretion and acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. + +Gidener S(1), Kalkan S, Kupelioglu A, Güre A. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylut University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Balcova, +Izmir, Turkey. + +Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) produces many changes in gastric functional +parameters, including the inhibition of gastric acid secretion and changes in +mucosal blood flow. Exogenous 5-HT has also been shown to induce gastric erosion. +The influence of adrenalectomy on experimental lesions in the rat gastric mucosa +remains controversial. The aim of this study was to see the effects of +adrenalectomy on pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion in anaesthetized +male Wistar rats. Gastric acid was collected via cannulae placed in the stomach. +5-HT (3.5 mumol/kg, i.v.) inhibited pentagastrin stimulated acid output by 54% +and produced haemorrhagic gastric lesions with a mean ulcer index of 2 +/- 0.3. +Adrenalectomy prevented both 5-HT induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion +and mucosal injury. The results suggest that the effects of 5-HT require an +intact adrenal gland. + + +PMCID: PMC2691631 +PMID: 8943734 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1638. Histopathology. 1996 Jul;29(1):63-7. + +The effects of chemotherapy on breast cancer tissue in locally advanced breast +cancer. + +Aktepe F(1), Kapucuoğlu N, Pak I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Ankara Oncology Hospital, Turkey. + +Comment in + Histopathology. 1997 Apr;30(4):397-8. + +It is well known that chemotherapy induces cytomorphological changes in +neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue. Thirty-one stage III breast-carcinoma +patients, treated with both pre-operative chemotherapy and mastectomy, were +evaluated to define the effects of systemic chemotherapeutic agents in tumours, +non-neoplastic breast tissue, and lymph nodes. Histological changes were compared +with those observed in patients who had been treated by surgery alone. +Cytoplasmic vacuolization was the most striking change in the tumour cells (59%). +Chemotherapy was especially effective in the terminal duct lobular unit in +non-neoplastic breast tissue. Lobular atrophy was observed in 20 (65%) cases, and +lobular cellular atypia was seen in 16 (52%). The rate of ductal cellular atypia +(42%) was not different from the control group. The most important changes seen +in the non-neoplastic stromal component were fibrosis and hyalinization. These +were found in 31 out of 727 evaluated lymph nodes. In serial sections, metastatic +deposits were seen in or around these fibrotic or hyalinized areas. Chemotherapy +is widely used in the treatment of early and locally advanced breast carcinomas. +Familiarity with chemotherapy induced changes in breast tissue and lymph nodes +have considerable importance in the accurate interpretation of these specimens. + + +PMID: 8818696 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1639. Acta Cytol. 1996 Mar-Apr;40(2):283-8. + +Chondrosarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Tunç M(1), Ekinci C. + +Author information: +(1)Ankara University Medical Faculty, Turkey. + +OBJECTIVE: To define and discuss the cytologic findings in 6 conventional +chondrosarcomas (CS), 1 chondroblastic osteosarcoma, 1 extraskeletal myxoid CS +and 20 chondroma cases. +STUDY DESIGN: Study of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of cases air dried +and May-Grünwald-Giemsa stained. +RESULTS: Tumor cells were embedded in a pink, amorphous, chondroid matrix in +conventional CS. They were larger than chondroma cells and had vacuoles and +small, pink, chondroid substance-like granules. Chondroblastic osteosarcoma was +diagnosed as high grade CS by FNAC, but extremely pleomorphic chondrocytes, +osteoid matrix, osteoblastic cells, and clinical and radiologic findings should +have produced the proper diagnosis. Extraskeletal myxoid CS had a pinkish, +granular, myxoid background. The tumor cells had granulated, dark blue cytoplasm +and oval-round, lobulated, slightly indented, hyperchromatic nuclei. +CONCLUSION: FNAC is efficient for the diagnosis of CS and its variants as long as +it is evaluated with radiologic and clinical findings by a pathologist familiar +with bone pathology and cytology. + +DOI: 10.1159/000333752 +PMID: 8629412 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1640. Vet Pathol. 1996 Jan;33(1):74-6. + +Detection of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Pasteurella haemolytica antigens by an +immunoperoxidase technique in pneumonic ovine lungs. + +Haziroglu R(1), Diker KS, Turkarslan J, Gulbahar MY. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Ankara, Turkey. + +Four hundred twenty pneumonic lungs from lambs were examined for Mycoplasma +ovipneumoniae and Pasteurella haemolytica by an immunoperoxidase technique using +an extravidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method in formalin-fixed, +paraffin-embedded sections. Histologic examination of tissue sections revealed +strong positive reactions in 60.9% and 68.3% of the lungs against M. +ovipneumoniae and P. haemolytica, respectively. M. ovipneumoniae and P. +haemolytica antigens were observed at the surface and/or within the epithelial +cells, macrophages, leucocytes, and bronchiolar exudate. The location of M. +ovipneumoniae in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells and P. haemolytica in the +neutrophils was detected immunohistochemically. + +DOI: 10.1177/030098589603300108 +PMID: 8826008 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1641. Cytopathology. 1995 Dec;6(6):403-8. + +Carcinoma of buccal mucosa in smokeless tobacco users: a preliminary study of the +use of cytology for early detection. + +Erenmemisoglu A(1), Ustun H, Kartal M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, +Turkey. + +A type of smokeless tobacco, known as Maras powder, is widely used in lieu of +cigarettes in the south-eastern region of Turkey. In the present study, we +evaluated cytological smears obtained from the lesion of lower lip mucosa of 80 +smokeless tobacco users. There were severe epithelial abnormalities in seven out +of the 80 subjects. Punch biopsies from these cases disclosed dysplasia in three +cases, carcinoma in situ in two, and carcinoma in the other two cases. There was +mild dysplasia in two punch biopsies of the remaining 73 cases. Oral cancer in +tobacco powder users appeared to be related to the length of use, as it was +observed only in subjects with 15 or more years of exposure. + + +PMID: 8770541 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1642. Acta Cytol. 1995 Nov-Dec;39(6):1182-6. + +Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in progressive systemic sclerosis. Report of a case +diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Paksoy N(1), Elpek O, Ozbilim G, Apaydin A, Gençoğlu A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Akdeniz, Antalya, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is a systemic disorder involving +many internal organs, including the lungs. The occurrence of a pulmonary tumor +has occasionally been reported, especially in long-standing cases. +Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is the most prevalent histologic type. +CASE: A 35-year-old male with a 12-year history of PSS presented with exertional +dyspnea and pain in the left side of the chest. Fine needle aspiration cytology +(FNAC) showed abundant cellular material with large, monolayered sheets and +papillary structures. The neoplastic cells had uniform round to oval nuclei and +spacious cytoplasm. Some had intranuclear vacuoles. Phosphotungstic +acid-hematoxylin (PTAH) stain revealed structures in the form of prominent cell +membranes rimming the free surfaces of the tumor cells. The overall cytologic +picture was interpreted as consistent with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. The +patient's condition did not permit surgery. +CONCLUSION: In this case the development of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma occurred +over a 12-year period following the diagnosis of PSS. This case emphasizes +diagnosis of the tumor solely by FNAC. PTAH stain was also helpful in the +cytologic diagnosis. + + +PMID: 7483995 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1643. Sci Justice. 1995 Oct-Dec;35(4):259-62. + +The distribution of the HLA-DQ alpha alleles and genotypes in the Turkish +population as determined by the use of DNA amplification and allele-specific +oligonucleotides. + +Menevse S(1), Ulküer U. + +Author information: +(1)Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and +Genetics, Ankara, Turkey. + +Allele and genotype frequencies for the HLA-DQ alpha locus were determined for +use in forensic analyses in Turkey. The polymerase chain reaction and the reverse +dot blot format were employed to detect six different HLA DQ alpha alleles, which +were detected among 150 unrelated individuals with allele frequencies ranging +from 7% to 26.7%. The distribution of the observed genotypes was in +Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The discrimination power of this system in the +Turkish population sample was 0.94, and the allelic diversity was 0.81. This +study provides support for the validity of the HLA-DQ alpha procedure for typing +forensic samples. + +DOI: 10.1016/S1355-0306(95)72678-8 +PMID: 7496827 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1644. Acta Cytol. 1995 Sep-Oct;39(5):936-40. + +Cytologic diagnosis of yolk sac tumor. A report of seven cases. + +Mizrak B(1), Ekinci C. + +Author information: +(1)Clinical Cytology Department, Ankara University Medical School, Turkey. + +BACKGROUND: Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare neoplasm that affects children and +adolescents. +CASES: Fine needle aspiration biopsies from seven patients with YSTs were +reviewed. Eosinophilic hyaline cytoplasmic bodies and irregular deposits of +basement membrane-like material were easily recognizable in aspiration smears. +Some of the tumor cells contained cytoplasmic vacuoles. These features correlated +well with histologic appearances. +CONCLUSION: These findings are significant in the fine needle aspiration biopsy +diagnosis of YST. A preliminary cytologic diagnosis of this tumor is valuable as +a guide in planning further diagnostic studies and therapy. + + +PMID: 7571973 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1645. Int J Exp Pathol. 1995 Aug;76(4):237-40. + +Serotonin causes acute gastric mucosal injury in rats, probably via 5HT1D +receptors. + +Gidener S(1), Apaydin S, Küpelioğlu A, Güven H, Gelal A, Güre A. + +Author information: +(1)Dokuz Eylül University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Izmir, +Turkey. + +5-HT-induced acute gastric mucosal injury was assessed in rats by using 5HT1, +5HT2, 5HT3, 5HT4 or muscarinic receptor related drugs. Rats were treated with +antagonists i.p. and 30 minutes later either vehicle, 5-HT (20 mg/kg) or other +agonists were administered s.c. The stomachs were removed 4 hours after the last +injection and mucosal integrity was assessed by light microscopy using a +histological ulcer index (HUI). The HUI was found to be significantly increased +following 5-HT administration (1.57 +/- 0.3) when compared with controls (0.14 ++/- 0.1). 5HT1 agonist 5-carboxamidotryptamine (20 mg/kg) produced acute gastric +erosion and increased the HUI (P < 0.05). The HUI in the animals receiving 5-HT1D +agonist sumatriptan (7 mg/kg) was found to be 1.62 +/- 0.24. 5HT2 antagonist +ketanserine (2.5-15 mg/kg), 5HT3 antagonist ondansetron (1-5 mg/kg), 5HT4 +antagonist DAU 6285 (1-10 mg/kg) and atropine (1.5-30 mg/kg) exerted no effect +whereas 5HT1/2 antagonist metitepine (0.05-0.5 mg/kg) caused a dose dependent +inhibition of the effect of 5-HT. The results from this study demonstrate that +5-HT causes acute gastric mucosal injury and this injury is probably due to the +activation of the 5-HT1D receptors. + + +PMCID: PMC1997189 +PMID: 7547436 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1646. J Pathol. 1995 Apr;175(4):449-52. + +A sensitive staining method for NORs. + +Yekeler H(1), Erel O, Yumbul AZ, Doymaz MZ, Doğan O, Ozercan MR, Iplikçi A. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Firat University Medical School, Elaziğ, Turkey. + +Comment in + J Pathol. 1995 Apr;175(4):367-8. + +A sensitive staining method for nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) is described, +using blue toning of AgNORs. NORs are loops of DNA which are transcribed into +ribosomal RNA. NORs can be demonstrated by staining with silver nitrate, since +NOR-associated proteins are argyrophilic, producing structures termed AgNORs. +Normal blood lymphocytes were stained with both methods. The number and +resolution of NORs increased 2-3 times by blue toning (30 mmol/l FeCl3, 11 mmol/l +potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), and 33 mmol/l oxalic acid) compared with silver +staining. A significant difference in the number of NORs was noticed between +silver-stained and blue-toned cells (P < 0.001). The blue toning technique thus +appears to be more sensitive in detecting NORs than the AgNOR method and may +prove a useful alternative for applications in histopathology. + +DOI: 10.1002/path.1711750413 +PMID: 7540686 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1647. APMIS. 1994 Nov;102(11):877-80. + +Detection of respiratory syncytial virus in children in the 1993-94 winter season +in Izmir, Turkey, by two diagnostic methods. + +Dereli D(1), Ertem E, Serter D, Sadiment M, Coker M, Tanaç R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Experimental Surgery and Research, Faculty of Medicine, Ege +University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. + +Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was searched for in 65 children +between 2 months and 2 years of age hospitalized with the presumptive diagnosis +of acute bronchiolitis, and in 35 children aged 6 months to 8 years with upper +respiratory tract symptoms, by direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test and cell +culture. RSV infection was detected in 29.2% of the first and in 11.4% of the +second group. The overall positivity rate was 23%. The sensitivity and the +specificity of the commercially available DFA test in comparison with cell +culture were 81.8% and 92.5%, respectively. + + +PMID: 7833009 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1648. Acta Cytol. 1994 Nov-Dec;38(6):965-7. + +Hydatid cyst of the breast diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. A case +report. + +Sağin HB(1), Kiroğlu Y, Aksoy F. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hospital of the Social Insurance Institution, +Göztepe, Istanbul, Turkey. + +A hydatid breast cyst was diagnosed from hooklets obtained by fine needle +aspiration biopsy. In rare cases, some palpable lesions suggest a hydatid cyst. +This possibility should always be considered during routine cytologic +examination. + + +PMID: 7527610 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1649. J Oral Pathol Med. 1994 Oct;23(9):423-8. + +Generalized gingival enlargement due to accumulation of amyloid-like material. + +Günhan O(1), Celasun B, Perrini F, Covani U, Perrini N, Ozdemir A, Bostanci H, +Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +Hyaline or amyloid-like substances may be seen in several oral lesions. Some of +these originate from epithelial cells and some from connective tissue components. +In this study, amyloid-like material causing gingival enlargement in three +patients, with eyelid involvement in two, was examined using histochemistry, +immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. These accumulations did not share +the classical features of amyloid such as green birefringence under polarized +light after Congo red staining. Our findings suggest that epithelial degeneration +plays an important role in the pathogenesis of these amyloid-like accumulations. +These substances may be the result of defective amyloidogenesis and our cases may +represent an oral counterpart of ligneous conjunctivitis or colloid milium of the +skin. + + +PMID: 7823304 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1650. Acta Cytol. 1994 Sep-Oct;38(5):751-4. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of malignant lymphoepithelial lesion of the +salivary gland. A report of two cases. + +Günhan O(1), Celasun B, Safali M, Aksu A, Güler M, Onder T, Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Askeri Tip Akademisi, Ankara, Turkey. + +Fine needle aspiration cytologic findings in two cases of malignant +lymphoepithelial lesion (MLEL) of the parotid glands are presented. Aspirates of +both cases showed individual or cohesive clusters of tumor cells intermingling +with mature lymphocytes. Cervical lymph node aspirates in both cases were similar +to those seen in the parotids. Our findings suggest that neither cytology nor +histology of the cervical lymph nodes is conclusive in establishing the primary +site of a metastatic lymphoepitheliomalike carcinoma. MLEL of the salivary glands +must be included in the differential diagnosis. + + +PMID: 8091911 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1651. Pathol Res Pract. 1994 Aug;190(7):656-67. + +Structural changes in placental barrier of smoking mother. A quantitative and +ultrastructural study. + +Demir R(1), Demir AY, Yinanc M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz +University, Antalya, Turkey. + +Human placental villi from all three trimesters of pregnancy, in 90 non-smoking +pregnants and 244 cigarette smoking pregnants, were investigated. In smokers, the +numbers of syncytial knots and cytotrophoblastic cells increased, depending on +the cigarettes per day, syncytial buds and vasculo-syncytial membranes decreased +as the pregnancy proceeded. The mean birth weight and placental weight in smokers +were decreased, depending on the cigarettes per day at the third trimester. The +ultrastructure of placental villi from smokers were compared with that on +non-smokers. The villi from smokers had abnormalities of the microvilli, focal +syncytial necrosis, decreased syncytial pinocytotic activity, degenerated +cytoplasmic organelles. Using a morphometric method, the basement membranes were +measured throughout pregnancy. The mean thickness of the basement membranes of +trophoblastic layer and fetal capillary were found to not only increase with the +maternal smoking during pregnancy but also attain the maximum in the heavy +smokers by the third trimester of pregnancy. There was increased collagen in the +villous stroma and shrinkage endothelial changes in fetal capillaries, in smokers +the deleterious effect of the cigarette smoking on the placental barrier was +heavy damage. As a result of impairment of placental barrier, the transports +between mother and fetus were hampered. + + +PMID: 7808964 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1652. Cytopathology. 1994 Jun;5(3):154-63. + +Cytologic changes induced by 131I in the thyroid glands of patients with +hyperthyroidism; results of fine needle aspiration cytology. + +Oz F(1), Urgancioglu I, Uslu I, Dervisoglu S, Oz B, Kanmaz B. + +Author information: +(1)Pathology Department, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey. + +Comment in + Cytopathology. 1995 Jun;6(3):209-10. + +Cytological changes in the thyroid glands of 120 patients who had received 131I +treatment for hyperthyroidism were examined in detail. The cytological material +was obtained by fine needle aspiration cytology. The patients were divided into +four groups according to the amount of time elapsed after the 131I treatment. The +control groups were selected from euthyroid patients with hypoactive or +non-functional solitary nodules and patients with Graves' disease who had not +received 131I therapy. The thyrocytes revealed degenerative changes in the +immediate period after cessation of treatment. One year after the treatment some +non-specific changes, such as oxyphilic metaplasia and regeneration, were seen. +No malignant change has been observed clinically or cytologically during up to 20 +years of follow up since receiving 131I. + + +PMID: 7919058 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1653. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1993 Sep;117(9):937-8. + +Myasthenia gravis and primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus. + +Sungur A(1), Ruacan S, Gungen Y, Dalkara T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Hacettepe School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. + +Occurrence of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus gland in a +65-year-old man with myasthenia gravis is reported. Histologic and +immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis of a differentiated squamous +cell carcinoma. Extensive clinical investigations ruled out another primary site +for the tumor. The patient made a full recovery postoperatively. Only three cases +of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus gland in association with +myasthenia gravis have been reported in the literature. + + +PMID: 8368909 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1654. Acta Cytol. 1993 Mar-Apr;37(2):135-41. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of oral cavity and jaw bone lesions. A report of +102 cases. + +Günhan O(1), Doğan N, Celasun B, Sengün O, Onder T, Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. + +Fine needle aspiration cytology of oral cavity and jaw bone lesions was performed +on 102 patients. The cytologic diagnoses were compared with the results of +histologic examination. Thirteen of the 15 histologically malignant lesions and +71 of the 87 histologically benign lesions were cytologically diagnosed +accurately. In 12 (92%) of the malignant and 69 (97%) of the benign lesions, +specific cytologic diagnoses were given that proved the same or very similar to +the final histologic diagnoses. This study showed that the overall accuracy of +fine needle aspiration cytology in the oral cavity and jaw bones is high and is +not significantly different from that obtained in other body regions. + + +PMID: 8465630 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1655. J Oral Pathol Med. 1993 Jan;22(1):46-7. + +Liposarcoma of the cheek: report of a case. + +Ruacan S(1), Onerci M, Gedikoglu G, Dal T. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Hacettepe University, Ankara, +Turkey. + +Liposarcomas of the head and neck region are rare. Those originating in the +buccal mucosa cause special diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. In this +report, a predominantly well-differentiated liposarcoma of the cheek in a +32-yr-old man is reported. The tumor continued to grow slowly over a period of 3 +yr before definitive diagnosis was established. Radical maxillectomy was +performed with total excision of the tumor. Recommendations for earlier and +correct diagnosis and treatment of this rare neoplasm are discussed. + + +PMID: 8419633 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1656. Histopathology. 1992 Nov;21(5):485-6. + +Lymphangioma-like change of the thyroid. + +Celasun B(1), Aksu A, Ozgüven MA, Günhan O, Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, +Turkey. + + +PMID: 1452134 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1657. Acta Cytol. 1992 Sep-Oct;36(5):744-7. + +Fine needle aspiration cytologic findings in a benign lymphoepithelial lesion +with microcalcifications. A case report. + +Günhan O(1), Celasun B, Doğan N, Onder T, Pabuşçu Y, Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and Medical School, +Ankara, Turkey. + +Aspiration cytologic findings in a case of benign lymphoepithelial lesion (BLL) +of the parotid gland are presented. The aspirate contained a polymorphous +lymphoid population, histiocytes, myoepithelial and ductal epithelial cells and +numerous bluish, calcified bodies. A cytologic diagnosis of benign nonneoplastic +lesion, consistent with chronic sialadenitis and microlithiasis, was made. The +clinical impression of neoplasia was inconsistent with the cytologic findings. +Subsequent histologic examination showed classic BLL with microcalcifications as +an unexpected feature. The value and limitations of fine needle aspiration +cytology in the diagnosis of nonneoplastic salivary gland lesions and the +differential diagnosis of BLL are discussed. + + +PMID: 1523935 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1658. J Clin Pathol. 1992 Sep;45(9):828-9. + +Gonadoblastoma and fertility. + +Erhan Y(1), Toprak AS, Ozdemir N, Tiras B. + +Author information: +(1)Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Ege University Medical Faculty, +Bornova, Turkey. + +Most patients with gonadoblastoma have dysgenetic gonads. This rare tumour has +been described in three pregnant women. A fourth case in a 26 year old pregnant +woman who presented with gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma, is reported. She had a +normal term pregnancy, 46XX chromosomes, normal genitalia, no history of +menstrual irregularities and no signs of hyperandrogenism, thereby differing from +the other reported cases. The germ cell component of this patient's tumour had +undergone rapid overgrowth, most of the tumour comprising pure dysgerminoma. It +is suggested that gonadoblastoma may occur in functionally and morphologically +normal gonads more often than previous case reports imply. + + +PMCID: PMC495117 +PMID: 1401220 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1659. J Oral Pathol Med. 1992 Jul;21(6):280-4. + +Oral-dental findings in dyskeratosis congenita. + +Yavuzyilmaz E(1), Yamalik N, Yetgin S, Kansu O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Periodontology, University of Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey. + +A 13-yr-old girl with dyskeratosis congenita is presented. Besides oral +leukoplakia and nail dystrophies, there was evidence of pancytopenia, growth +retardation, alopecia, mental retardation and microcephaly. The oral findings +included caries, gingival recession, short-blunted roots, gingival bleeding, +tooth mobility and severe alveolar bone loss resembling juvenile periodontitis. + + +PMID: 1501159 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1660. Cytopathology. 1992;3(2):93-9. + +Silver binding nucleolar organizer regions in adrenocortical neoplasia. + +Oz B(1), Dervisoglu S, Dervisoglu M, Oz O. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, +Turkey. + +The possible contribution of the silver colloid technique for staining nucleolar +organizer regions in the distinction between benign and malignant adrenocortical +neoplasms was investigated. Nine cases of adenoma, eight cases of carcinoma, nine +cases of hyperplasia and four normal adrenal cortex specimens were examined. The +mean silver binding nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR) value in adenoma was +4.29, and in carcinoma 7.16 (P less than 0.001). Adenomas with diameters greater +than 3 cm had significantly higher Ag-NOR counts than smaller adenomas. For +normal cortex, the mean Ag-NOR value was 2.05 and in hyperplasia, 3.62. The +results indicate that the Ag-NOR technique can help in differential diagnosis +between benign and malignant adrenocortical lesions and thus may have a +prognostic value. + + +PMID: 1617165 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1661. Acta Cytol. 1992 Jan-Feb;36(1):98-100. + +Cementifying fibroma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. A case report. + +Günhan O(1), Demirel D, Sengün O, Celasun B, Finci R. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy and Medical School, +Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. + +A case of cementifying fibroma in the right lateral mandible was diagnosed by +fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. The aspirate was a cellular specimen +composed of clusters of oval and spindle-shaped fibroblasts with no atypical +features. These cells were admixed with spherical, calcified structures. A +diagnosis of "consistent with benign fibroosseous lesion, suggestive of +cementoossifying fibroma" was made, and subsequent histologic examination +confirmed this cytologic diagnosis. The clinical, cytologic and histologic +findings in the case are presented, and the value of FNA cytology in the +diagnosis of jaw lesions is discussed. + + +PMID: 1546520 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1662. Cytopathology. 1992;3(4):223-9. + +Nucleolar organizer regions in pituitary gland adenomas. + +Bayindir C(1), Doğan O, Unal F, Dervisoğlu S. + +Author information: +(1)Neurosurgery Department, Istanbul Medical School, Turkey. + +Nucleolar organizer regions are DNA segments concerned with the synthesis of +ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Some specific proteins related to NORs can be demonstrated +by a silver technique and are then referred to as Ag-NORs. The mean number of +Ag-NORs per cell has been used as a marker of cell proliferation in recent years +and there is some evidence to suggest that Ag-NOR counts can be used to +differentiate between normal and neoplastic cells. Paraffin block sections of 42 +pituitary gland adenomas and 24 normal adult pituitary glands have been examined +using the Ag-NOR staining technique. Touch imprints of nine adenomas and 12 +normal adult pituitary glands were also examined using the same Ag-NOR staining +technique. Using light microscopy at x2000 magnification, the Ag-NORs were +located as black dots in the cell nuclei and the mean number of Ag-NORs per cell +was determined. No significant difference was observed between blocked sections +and imprints of adenomas or between imprints and paraffin sections of normal +glands. However, a significant difference was observed between the mean number of +Ag-NORs in pituitary gland adenomas and normal glands in paraffin block sections +and touch preparations (P less than 0.001). The modified Ag-NOR technique can be +a useful aid in the differential diagnosis between normal pituitary gland tissue +and pituitary adenomas, especially during surgical operations. + + +PMID: 1421006 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1663. APMIS. 1991 Oct;99(10):961-4. + +Evaluation of a direct fluorescent antibody test for detection of Chlamydia +trachomatis in endocervical specimens. Brief report. + +Dereli D(1), Ertem E, Serter D, Yüce K. + +Author information: +(1)Ege University Medical Faculty, Clinical Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases +Department, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey. + +A total of 160 endocervical specimens collected from 72 symptomatic and 82 +asymptomatic women attending a gynecology outpatient clinic were investigated for +genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection by the use of tissue culture and DFA +test. The infection rate was 42% for symptomatic and 23% for asymptomatic patient +groups. The sensitivity rates of the DFA test in the symptomatic and asymptomatic +groups were 84% and 75%, while the specificity rates were 89% and 95%, +respectively. The DFA test had an overall sensitivity of 80% and specificity of +93%. There was 90% agreement between the two techniques. Therefore, DFA is +recommended as an alternative to tissue culture where laboratory facilities are +limited and genital chlamydial infections are highly prevalent. + + +PMID: 1930969 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1664. Int J Exp Pathol. 1991 Oct;72(5):527-32. + +Effects of ketamine, thiopental sodium and propofol on muscle contractures in rat +diaphragm in vitro. + +Ulker S(1), Tok D, Kosay S, Oyman S. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, +Turkey. + +The effects of commonly used intravenous anaesthetic agents ketamine, thiopental +sodium and propofol on the caffeine-alone or halothane-plus-caffeine-induced +muscle contractures were investigated to determine safety for use in patients +susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH). The muscle strips from rat diaphragm +were exposed to one of these anaesthetic agents prior to challenge with caffeine +8 mmol/l alone or halothane 3% plus caffeine 8 mmol/l together. None of the three +agents induced contractures when added alone. Ketamine 100 mumol/l and thiopental +sodium 300 mumol/l augmented neither caffeine-alone nor caffeine-with-halothane +contractures significantly and these two agents appear to be safe for use in +MH-susceptible patients. In contrast, propofol 150 mumol/l augmented these +contractile responses significantly and may not be recommended for use in +patients known to be susceptible to this anaesthetic complication. + + +PMCID: PMC2002323 +PMID: 1742205 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1665. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1991 Sep;12(3):191-3. + +An analysis of the medicolegal autopsies performed in Adana, Turkey, in +1983-1988. + +Salaçin S(1). + +Author information: +(1)Adana Branch Council of Forensic Sciences, Turkey. + +Data on 1,000 medicolegal autopsies have been compiled by the Morgue Department +of the Adana branch of the Council of Forensic Medicine of Turkey, and have been +reviewed to determine the local differences in causes of death, as well as age +and sex distributions of decedents, in medicolegal deaths in this region. This is +the first report on this subject in this region of Turkey. Unusual categories of +death and incidences of death are also discussed. The results of this study show +that the number of medicolegal autopsies and the rate of natural death in Adana +are quite close to those of some other cities of Turkey and some foreign +countries. Contrary findings are revealed in the frequencies of the causes of +death. + + +PMID: 1750387 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1666. Lepr Rev. 1991 Jun;62(2):201-5. + +The protective effects of methyl cellulose and conoid shields for lagophthalmos +and corneal hypaesthesia in leprosy. + +Karaçorlu MA(1), Cakiner T, Sürel Z, Ersoy N, Saylan T, Sütlas M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Cerrah paşa School of Medicine, University of +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Lagophthalmos and corneal hypaesthesia are amongst the most frequently +encountered lesions in leprosy and they can easily give rise to blindness. Many +measures (such as eye drops, protective conoid shields, muscle exercises, +surgical treatment etc.) have been used to protect the eyes under such +circumstances and this paper examines the protective role of methyl cellulose and +conoid shields in 41 patients. All of them had lagophthalmos (5 mm or more) and +corneal hypaesthesia. They were divided into three groups. Group one had 15 +leprosy control patients (27 eyes) who did not use methyl cellulose or eye +shields. Group two had 16 leprosy patients (28 eyes) and they used methyl +cellulose and eye shields when they felt discomfort in their eyes. Group three +had 10 leprosy patients (17 eyes) and they used methyl cellulose and eye shields +regularly. Statistically significant improvement was seen in group three. Further +studies on larger groups of patients including the effects of different +concentrations of methyl cellulose, on Schirmer test and tear break up time, may +be of value. + + +PMID: 1870383 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1667. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1991 Apr;17(2):91-104. + +Neurotoxic acrylamide and neurotrophic melanocortin peptides--can contrasting +actions provide clues about modes of action? + +Edwards PM(1), Sporel-Ozakat E, Gispen WH. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bogaziçi University, +Istanbul, Turkey. + +Experimental acrylamide neuropathy has been studied as a model of degenerative +neurological disorders of the 'dying-back' type for over 30 years. Functional, +histological, ultrastructural, electrophysiological and biochemical aspects of +acrylamide neuropathy have been described and several hypotheses concerning the +mode of action proposed. However, the mechanism whereby acrylamide causes axonal +degeneration and inhibits nerve sprouting remains unknown. By analogy with +agonist/antagonist comparisons used by the pharmacologist, we have reconsidered +the acrylamide problem in the light of the opposite effects summarized in Table +1, of neurotrophic peptides related to ACTH/MSH (collectively termed +melanocortins). The contrasting effects on sprouting and the eventual quality of +repair of mechanically lesioned nerves have suggested a mechanism whereby +sprouting may regulate perikaryal adjustments to injury. We have also posed the +question as to whether a common biochemical mechanism, namely selective +proteolysis of neurofilament protein may underlie the opposing effects of +acrylamide and melanocortins on nerve sprouting. This possibility implies a +hitherto unknown role for neurofilament protein turnover in neuronal maintenance +and repair, a suggestion that may provoke further research and discussion. + + +PMID: 1857491 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1668. APMIS. 1990 Sep;98(9):858-60. + +The antigenic relationship between Salmonella cholerae suis (211) and Salmonella +aberdeen, Escherichia coli (0 75, 0 163) O antigens. Brief report. + +Aksoycan N(1), Erdem B, Sağanak I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ankara, Turkey. + + +PMID: 1699559 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1669. Int J Exp Pathol. 1990 Aug;71(4):507-11. + +The effect of parenteral iron administration on the development of Staphylococcus +aureus-induced experimental pyelonephritis in rats. + +Anğ O(1), Güngör M, Aricioğlu F, Inanç D, Sağduyu H, Uysal V, Küçüker M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Turkey. + +The first of the three groups of rats was taken as a control and the other two +groups were injected with high (15 mg/kg) and low (5 mg/kg) doses of ferric +ammonium citrate given intramuscularly twice daily for 5 days. Pyelonephritis was +produced in all groups by intravenous inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus. +Serum and urine of each rat was collected periodically and their iron content was +determined. The severity of pyelonephritis was evaluated by determination of +bacterial growth and pathological lesions in kidneys after 10 days of bacterial +inoculation. The results showed that parenteral iron administration markedly +aggravated pyelonephritis development in rats. But there was no significant +difference in the severity of pyelonephritis between rats treated with high or +low iron doses. + + +PMCID: PMC2002284 +PMID: 2400738 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1670. J Comp Pathol. 1989 Aug;101(2):221-3. + +Squamous cell carcinoma in a puppy. + +Haziroğlu R(1), Sağlam M. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, University of Ankara, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, +Turkey. + +A tumour diagnosed histologically as a squamous cell carcinoma occurred in the +umbilical region of a 4-month-old female mongrel puppy. The tumour was removed by +cryosurgery. There has been no recurrence for nearly 3 years. + + +PMID: 2794158 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1671. Pathol Res Pract. 1988 Dec;184(1):128-31. + +The history of pathology in Turkey. + +Paksoy N(1). + +Author information: +(1)Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Capa, Turkey. + +DOI: 10.1016/S0344-0338(88)80203-6 +PMID: 3068648 [Indexed for MEDLINE] + + +1672. APMIS. 1988 Dec;96(12):1143-4. + +The antigenic relationship between Candida (Torulopsis) glabrata and Escherichia +coli (0:75, 0:163), Salmonella aberdeen O antigens. + +Aksoycan N(1), Erdem B, Sağanak I. + +Author information: +(1)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ankara, Turkey. + + +PMID: 2463848 [Indexed for MEDLINE] +