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philosophers.php
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<?php include "includes/header.inc"?>
<title> Team Hell | Philosophers</title>
</head>
<body class="container">
<header>
<h1>The Big Three Philosophers</h1>
</header>
<aside>
Most of western philosophy finds its roots in the teachings of three ancient Greek philosophers
<ul>
<li>Socrates</li>
<li>Plato</li>
<li>Aristotle</li>
</ul>
</aside>
<main>
<h2>Intro</h2>
<p>
The thoughts and ideas of these three men would shave western civilization for thousands of years to come. Although they were distinct characters, they were closely related as teachers and disciples. Socrates was a philosopher in Athens who is infamous for embarrassing and irritating a number of high ranking people in Athens. Socrates had many young admirers, and he was well known for corrupting the youth. One of his most talented students was Plato, who later went on to write and document Socrates' dialogues. Plato was gifted in his own right, as he wrote a number of books on philosophy, science and stories. Aristotle was in turn the best student of Plato, who would later tutor Alexander the Great.
</p>
<h2>Socrates</h2>
<p>
Socrates (470 – 399 BC) was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, and as being the first moral philosopher, of the Western ethical tradition of thought. An enigmatic figure, he made no writings, and is known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers writing after his lifetime, particularly his students Plato and Xenophon. Other sources include the contemporaneous Antisthenes, Aristippus, and Aeschines of Sphettos. Aristophanes, a playwright, is the only source to have written during his lifetime.Plato's dialogues are among the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity, though it is unclear the degree to which Socrates himself is "hidden behind his 'best disciple'". Through his portrayal in Plato's dialogues, Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the fields of ethics and epistemology. It is this Platonic Socrates who lends his name to the concepts of Socratic irony and the Socratic method, or elenchus.Socrates exerted a strong influence on philosophers in later antiquity and in the modern era. Depictions of Socrates in art, literature and popular culture have made him one of the most widely known figures in the Western philosophical tradition.
</p>
<h2>Plato</h2>
<p>
Plato (348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the pivotal figure in the development of Western philosophy, along with his teacher, Socrates, and his most famous student, Aristotle. In addition, Plato has also often been cited as one of the founders of Western religion and spirituality. Alfred North Whitehead once noted: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato." Plato was the innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms in philosophy. His most famous contribution bears his name, Platonism (also ambiguously called either Platonic realism or Platonic idealism), the doctrine of the Forms to provide a realist solution to the problem of universals. Plato also appears to have been the founder of Western political philosophy, with his Republic, and Laws among other dialogues, providing some of the earliest extant treatments. The so-called Neoplatonism of philosophers like Plotinus and Porphyry influenced Saint Augustine and thus Christianity.His own most decisive philosophical influences are usually thought to have been along with Socrates, Parmenides, Heraclitus and Pythagoras, although few of his predecessors' works remain extant and much of what we know about these figures today derives from Plato himself. Unlike nearly all of his philosophical contemporaries, Plato's entire work is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years.
</p>
<h2>Aristotle</h2>
<p>
Aristotle (384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, Greece. Along with Plato, he is considered the "Father of Western Philosophy". Aristotle provided a complex and harmonious synthesis of the various existing philosophies prior to him, including those of Socrates and Plato, and it was above all from his teachings that the West inherited its fundamental intellectual lexicon, as well as problems and methods of inquiry. As a result, his philosophy has exerted a unique influence on almost every form of knowledge in the West and it continues to be central to the contemporary philosophical discussion. Little is known about his life. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At seventeen or eighteen years of age, he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (c. 347 BC). His writings cover many subjects – including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, economics, politics and government – and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored Alexander the Great beginning in 343 BC. Teaching Alexander gave Aristotle many opportunities. He established a library in the Lyceum which helped him to produce many of his hundreds of books, which were papyrus scrolls. The fact that Aristotle was a pupil of Plato contributed to his former views of Platonism, but, following Plato's death, Aristotle immersed himself in empirical studies and shifted from Platonism to empiricism He believed all concepts and knowledge were ultimately based on perception. Aristotle's views on natural sciences represent the groundwork underlying many of his works.
</p>
<h2>Sources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socrates">Socrates</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plato">Plato</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle">Aristotle</a>
</li>
</ul>
</main>
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