diff --git a/R/cache.R b/R/cache.R
index ead2d7c8c..ee22b9490 100644
--- a/R/cache.R
+++ b/R/cache.R
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ find_new_line <- function(line_number, line, lines) {
 
   width <- 1L
 
-  while(width <= length(lines)) {
+  while (width <= length(lines)) {
     low <- line_number - width
     if (low > 0L) {
       if (lines[low] %==% line) {
diff --git a/R/exclude.R b/R/exclude.R
index bdbae6b00..5cad9d972 100644
--- a/R/exclude.R
+++ b/R/exclude.R
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #' Exclude lines or files from linting
-#' 
+#'
 #' @param lints that need to be filetered.
 #' @param exclusions manually specified exclusions
 #' @param ... additional arguments passed to \code{\link{parse_exclusions}}
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #' \enumerate{
 #' \item{single line in the source file. default: \code{# nolint}}
 #' \item{line range in the source file. default: \code{# nolint start}, \code{# nolint end}}
-#' \item{exclusions parameter, a named list of the files and lines to exclude, or just the filenames 
+#' \item{exclusions parameter, a named list of the files and lines to exclude, or just the filenames
 #' if you want to exclude the entire file.}
 #' }
 exclude <- function(lints, exclusions = settings$exclusions, ...) {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ parse_exclusions <- function(file, exclude = settings$exclude,
       stop(file, " has ", length(starts), " starts but only ", length(ends), " ends!")
     }
 
-    for(i in seq_along(starts)) {
+    for (i in seq_along(starts)) {
       exclusions <- c(exclusions, seq(starts[i], ends[i]))
     }
   }
diff --git a/R/get_source_expressions.R b/R/get_source_expressions.R
index cef9b3aa4..888f6163f 100644
--- a/R/get_source_expressions.R
+++ b/R/get_source_expressions.R
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ fix_eq_assign <- function(pc) {
 
     end <- true_locs[i]
     j <- end + 1L
-    while(j <= length(expr_locs) && expr_locs[j] == FALSE) {
+    while (j <= length(expr_locs) && expr_locs[j] == FALSE) {
       end <- j
       j <- j + 1L
     }
diff --git a/R/methods.R b/R/methods.R
index ffdb38ae1..5a17a6594 100644
--- a/R/methods.R
+++ b/R/methods.R
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ names.lints <- function(x, ...) {
 split.lints <- function(x, f=NULL, ...) {
   if (is.null(f)) f <- names(x)
   splt <- split.default(x, f)
-  for(i in names(splt)) class(splt[[i]]) <- "lints"
+  for (i in names(splt)) class(splt[[i]]) <- "lints"
   return(splt)
 }
 
diff --git a/R/spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R b/R/spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R
index e7090d6ee..d91eb2aa6 100644
--- a/R/spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R
+++ b/R/spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R
@@ -7,14 +7,15 @@ spaces_left_parentheses_linter <- function(source_file) {
 
       parsed <- source_file$parsed_content[id, ]
 
-      family_ids <- family(source_file$parsed_content, parsed$id)
-
-      types <- source_file$parsed_content[
-          source_file$parsed_content$id %in% family_ids,
-          "token"]
-
-      is_function <- length(family_ids) %!=% 0L &&
-        any(types %in% c("SYMBOL_FUNCTION_CALL", "FUNCTION"))
+      terminal_tokens_before <-
+        source_file$parsed_content$token[
+                                         source_file$parsed_content$line1 == parsed$line1 &
+                                         source_file$parsed_content$col1 < parsed$col1 &
+                                         source_file$parsed_content$terminal]
+      last_type <- tail(terminal_tokens_before, n = 1)
+
+      is_function <- length(last_type) %!=% 0L &&
+        (last_type %in% c("SYMBOL_FUNCTION_CALL", "FUNCTION", "'}'", "')'", "']'"))
 
       if (!is_function) {
 
diff --git a/R/trailing_blank_lines_linter.R b/R/trailing_blank_lines_linter.R
index 537e35d44..88c57ebc5 100644
--- a/R/trailing_blank_lines_linter.R
+++ b/R/trailing_blank_lines_linter.R
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ trailing_blank_lines_linter <- function(source_file) {
 
   line_number <- length(source_file$file_lines)
   lints <- list()
-  while(line_number > 0L && (is.na(blanks[[line_number]]) || isTRUE(blanks[[line_number]]))) {
+  while (line_number > 0L && (is.na(blanks[[line_number]]) || isTRUE(blanks[[line_number]]))) {
     if (!is.na(blanks[[line_number]])) {
       lints[[length(lints) + 1L]] <-
         Lint(
diff --git a/R/zzz.R b/R/zzz.R
index 6f8bdce0c..57b798324 100644
--- a/R/zzz.R
+++ b/R/zzz.R
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ named_list <- function(...) {
 #' # you can also omit the argument name if you are just using different
 #' #   arguments.
 #' with_defaults(line_length_linter(120))
-#' 
+#'
 #' # enforce camelCase rather than snake_case
 #' with_defaults(camel_case_linter = NULL,
 #'               snake_case_linter)
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ settings <- list2env(default_settings, parent = emptyenv())
     lintr.linter_file = ".lintr"
   )
   toset <- ! (names(op.lintr) %in% names(op))
-  if(any(toset)) options(op.lintr[toset])
+  if (any(toset)) options(op.lintr[toset])
 
   invisible()
 }
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R b/tests/testthat/test-spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R
index 306ec37dd..d29a734cc 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-spaces_left_parentheses_linter.R
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ test_that("returns the correct linting", {
 
   expect_lint("range(10)[(2 - 1):(10 - 1)]", NULL, spaces_left_parentheses_linter)
 
+  expect_lint("function(){function(){}}()()", NULL, spaces_left_parentheses_linter)
+
+  expect_lint("c(function(){})[1]()", NULL, spaces_left_parentheses_linter)
+
   expect_lint("((1 + 1))",
     rex("Place a space before left parenthesis, except in a function call."),
     spaces_left_parentheses_linter)
@@ -55,6 +59,10 @@ test_that("returns the correct linting", {
     rex("Place a space before left parenthesis, except in a function call."),
     spaces_left_parentheses_linter)
 
+  expect_lint("test <- function(x) { if(`+`(1, 1)) 'hi' }",
+    rex("Place a space before left parenthesis, except in a function call."),
+    spaces_left_parentheses_linter)
+
   expect_lint("\"test <- function(x) { if(1 + 1) 'hi' }\"",
     NULL,
     spaces_left_parentheses_linter)