diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 46b7c31647..3a13971730 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ unconstrained which is not SQL-conformant and is causing issues in integrating w
 INTEGER an alias for INT4 which is the internal type name. In a later release, we will make INTEGER the default 32-bit
 integer with INT/INT4/INTEGER4 being aliases per other systems. This change only applies to
 org.partiql.parser.PartiQLParser, not the org.partiql.lang.syntax.PartiQLParser.
+- **Breaking change**: partiql-plan: adds a set quantifier field to SQL set operators `UNION`, `INTERSECT`, and `EXCEPT`
+- partiql-plan: adds a dedicated Rex node for PartiQL bag operators `UNION`, `INTERSECT`, and `EXCEPT`
+- partiql-planner: Adds typing support for set operators
+- partiql-parser: parses non-SFW expressions to be PartiQL `OUTER` bag operators
+- partiql-ast: fixes missing parens from `bag_op` when printing using `SqlDialect`
 
 ### Deprecated
 
@@ -1082,7 +1087,9 @@ breaking changes if migrating from v0.9.2. The breaking changes accidentally int
 ### Added
 Initial alpha release of PartiQL.
 
-[Unreleased]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.4...HEAD
+[Unreleased]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.6...HEAD
+[0.14.6]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.5...v0.14.6
+[0.14.5]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.4...v0.14.5
 [0.14.4]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.3...v0.14.4
 [0.14.3]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.2...v0.14.3
 [0.14.2]: https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/compare/v0.14.1...v0.14.2
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 6818fc481a..26eccb7741 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ This project is published to [Maven Central](https://search.maven.org/artifact/o
 
 | Group ID      | Artifact ID           | Recommended Version |
 |---------------|-----------------------|---------------------|
-| `org.partiql` | `partiql-lang-kotlin` | `0.14.5`            |
+| `org.partiql` | `partiql-lang-kotlin` | `0.14.6`            |
 
 
 For Maven builds, add the following to your `pom.xml`:
diff --git a/gradle.properties b/gradle.properties
index e6bdc6d7bd..9c0c032835 100644
--- a/gradle.properties
+++ b/gradle.properties
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 group=org.partiql
-version=0.14.6-SNAPSHOT
+version=0.14.6
 
 ossrhUsername=EMPTY
 ossrhPassword=EMPTY
diff --git a/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialect.kt b/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialect.kt
index 6a589a0556..c4ad9217fc 100644
--- a/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialect.kt
+++ b/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialect.kt
@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@ public abstract class SqlDialect : AstBaseVisitor<SqlBlock, SqlBlock>() {
             h = h concat ")"
             h
         }
+        is Expr.BagOp -> {
+            var h = head
+            h = h concat "("
+            h = visitExprBagOp(node, h)
+            h = h concat ")"
+            h
+        }
         else -> visitExpr(node, head)
     }
 
diff --git a/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/internal/InternalSqlDialect.kt b/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/internal/InternalSqlDialect.kt
index 4ecfb9d569..4612feefeb 100644
--- a/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/internal/InternalSqlDialect.kt
+++ b/partiql-ast/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/internal/InternalSqlDialect.kt
@@ -82,6 +82,13 @@ internal abstract class InternalSqlDialect : AstBaseVisitor<InternalSqlBlock, In
             t = t concat ")"
             t
         }
+        is Expr.BagOp -> {
+            var t = tail
+            t = t concat "("
+            t = visitExprBagOp(node, t)
+            t = t concat ")"
+            t
+        }
         else -> visitExpr(node, tail)
     }
 
diff --git a/partiql-ast/src/main/resources/partiql_ast.ion b/partiql-ast/src/main/resources/partiql_ast.ion
index 67c48663c8..37d833d96d 100644
--- a/partiql-ast/src/main/resources/partiql_ast.ion
+++ b/partiql-ast/src/main/resources/partiql_ast.ion
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ expr::[
     where:    optional::expr,
     group_by: optional::group_by,
     having:   optional::expr,
-    set_op:   optional::{
+    set_op:   optional::{ // TODO modeling of `set_op` needs updated to support left-associative set ops https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang-kotlin/issues/1507
       type:    '.set_op',
       operand: '.expr.s_f_w',
     },
diff --git a/partiql-ast/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialectTest.kt b/partiql-ast/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialectTest.kt
index 6276adb43d..9520d83519 100644
--- a/partiql-ast/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialectTest.kt
+++ b/partiql-ast/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/ast/sql/SqlDialectTest.kt
@@ -986,6 +986,120 @@ class SqlDialectTest {
                     rhs = v("y")
                 }
             },
+            expect("(x UNION y) UNION z") {
+                exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                        setq = null
+                    }
+                    outer = false
+                    lhs = exprBagOp {
+                        type = setOp {
+                            type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                            setq = null
+                        }
+                        outer = false
+                        lhs = v("x")
+                        rhs = v("y")
+                    }
+                    rhs = v("z")
+                }
+            },
+            expect("x UNION (y UNION z)") {
+                exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                        setq = null
+                    }
+                    outer = false
+                    lhs = v("x")
+                    rhs = exprBagOp {
+                        type = setOp {
+                            type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                            setq = null
+                        }
+                        outer = false
+                        lhs = v("y")
+                        rhs = v("z")
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            expect("(x EXCEPT y) EXCEPT z") {
+                exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                        setq = null
+                    }
+                    outer = false
+                    lhs = exprBagOp {
+                        type = setOp {
+                            type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                            setq = null
+                        }
+                        outer = false
+                        lhs = v("x")
+                        rhs = v("y")
+                    }
+                    rhs = v("z")
+                }
+            },
+            expect("x EXCEPT (y EXCEPT z)") {
+                exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                        setq = null
+                    }
+                    outer = false
+                    lhs = v("x")
+                    rhs = exprBagOp {
+                        type = setOp {
+                            type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                            setq = null
+                        }
+                        outer = false
+                        lhs = v("y")
+                        rhs = v("z")
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            expect("(x INTERSECT y) INTERSECT z") {
+                exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                        setq = null
+                    }
+                    outer = false
+                    lhs = exprBagOp {
+                        type = setOp {
+                            type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                            setq = null
+                        }
+                        outer = false
+                        lhs = v("x")
+                        rhs = v("y")
+                    }
+                    rhs = v("z")
+                }
+            },
+            expect("x INTERSECT (y INTERSECT z)") {
+                exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                        setq = null
+                    }
+                    outer = false
+                    lhs = v("x")
+                    rhs = exprBagOp {
+                        type = setOp {
+                            type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                            setq = null
+                        }
+                        outer = false
+                        lhs = v("y")
+                        rhs = v("z")
+                    }
+                }
+            },
         )
 
         @JvmStatic
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinter.kt b/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinter.kt
index ce4d31f479..4e40444a47 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinter.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinter.kt
@@ -320,7 +320,14 @@ class QueryPrettyPrinter {
             is PartiqlAst.Expr.Or -> writeNAryOperator("OR", node.operands, sb, level)
             is PartiqlAst.Expr.InCollection -> writeNAryOperator("IN", node.operands, sb, level)
             is PartiqlAst.Expr.BagOp -> {
-                var name = node.op.javaClass.simpleName.toUpperCase().replace("_", " ")
+                var name = when (node.op) {
+                    is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Except -> "EXCEPT"
+                    is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Intersect -> "INTERSECT"
+                    is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Union -> "UNION"
+                    is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterExcept -> "OUTER EXCEPT"
+                    is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterIntersect -> "OUTER INTERSECT"
+                    is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterUnion -> "OUTER UNION"
+                }
                 if (node.quantifier is PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.All) {
                     name += " ALL"
                 }
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/impl/PartiQLPigVisitor.kt b/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/impl/PartiQLPigVisitor.kt
index a74ef956d4..07eb7ea0b4 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/impl/PartiQLPigVisitor.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/impl/PartiQLPigVisitor.kt
@@ -752,12 +752,33 @@ internal class PartiQLPigVisitor(
      *
      */
 
+    /**
+     * Verifies if all of the [args] are
+     * 1. [PartiqlAst.Expr.Select] or
+     * 2. [PartiqlAst.Expr.BagOp] and is a SQL Set op (i.e. not an `OUTER` bag op)
+     */
+    private fun argsAreSFW(args: List<PartiqlAst.Expr>): Boolean {
+        return args.all { arg ->
+            arg is PartiqlAst.Expr.Select || (arg is PartiqlAst.Expr.BagOp && isOuter(arg.op))
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun isOuter(op: PartiqlAst.BagOpType): Boolean {
+        return op is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterUnion || op is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterExcept || op is PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterIntersect
+    }
+
     override fun visitIntersect(ctx: PartiQLParser.IntersectContext) = PartiqlAst.build {
         val lhs = visit(ctx.lhs) as PartiqlAst.Expr
         val rhs = visit(ctx.rhs) as PartiqlAst.Expr
         val quantifier = if (ctx.ALL() != null) all() else distinct()
         val (intersect, metas) = when (ctx.OUTER()) {
-            null -> intersect() to ctx.INTERSECT().getSourceMetaContainer()
+            null -> {
+                if (argsAreSFW(listOf(lhs, rhs))) {
+                    intersect() to ctx.INTERSECT().getSourceMetaContainer()
+                } else {
+                    outerIntersect() to ctx.OUTER().getSourceMetaContainer()
+                }
+            }
             else -> outerIntersect() to ctx.OUTER().getSourceMetaContainer()
         }
         bagOp(intersect, quantifier, listOf(lhs, rhs), metas)
@@ -768,7 +789,13 @@ internal class PartiQLPigVisitor(
         val rhs = visit(ctx.rhs) as PartiqlAst.Expr
         val quantifier = if (ctx.ALL() != null) all() else distinct()
         val (except, metas) = when (ctx.OUTER()) {
-            null -> except() to ctx.EXCEPT().getSourceMetaContainer()
+            null -> {
+                if (argsAreSFW(listOf(lhs, rhs))) {
+                    except() to ctx.EXCEPT().getSourceMetaContainer()
+                } else {
+                    outerExcept() to ctx.OUTER().getSourceMetaContainer()
+                }
+            }
             else -> outerExcept() to ctx.OUTER().getSourceMetaContainer()
         }
         bagOp(except, quantifier, listOf(lhs, rhs), metas)
@@ -779,7 +806,13 @@ internal class PartiQLPigVisitor(
         val rhs = visit(ctx.rhs) as PartiqlAst.Expr
         val quantifier = if (ctx.ALL() != null) all() else distinct()
         val (union, metas) = when (ctx.OUTER()) {
-            null -> union() to ctx.UNION().getSourceMetaContainer()
+            null -> {
+                if (argsAreSFW(listOf(lhs, rhs))) {
+                    union() to ctx.UNION().getSourceMetaContainer()
+                } else {
+                    outerUnion() to ctx.OUTER().getSourceMetaContainer()
+                }
+            }
             else -> outerUnion() to ctx.OUTER().getSourceMetaContainer()
         }
         bagOp(union, quantifier, listOf(lhs, rhs), metas)
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/ASTPrettyPrinterTest.kt b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/ASTPrettyPrinterTest.kt
index e49fa8500a..fdd7c18012 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/ASTPrettyPrinterTest.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/ASTPrettyPrinterTest.kt
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ class ASTPrettyPrinterTest {
         checkPrettyPrintAst(
             "a UNION b",
             """
-                Union
+                OuterUnion
                     Id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)
                     Id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)
             """.trimIndent()
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ class ASTPrettyPrinterTest {
         checkPrettyPrintAst(
             "a EXCEPT b",
             """
-                Except
+                OuterExcept
                     Id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)
                     Id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)
             """.trimIndent()
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ class ASTPrettyPrinterTest {
         checkPrettyPrintAst(
             "a INTERSECT b",
             """
-                Intersect
+                OuterIntersect
                     Id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)
                     Id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)
             """.trimIndent()
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinterTest.kt b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinterTest.kt
index 828d49ef36..29e73d7241 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinterTest.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/prettyprint/QueryPrettyPrinterTest.kt
@@ -465,22 +465,22 @@ class QueryPrettyPrinterTest {
 
     @Test
     fun union1() {
-        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a UNION b", "a UNION b")
+        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a UNION b", "a OUTER UNION b")
     }
 
     @Test
     fun union2() {
-        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a UNION ALL b", "a UNION ALL b")
+        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a UNION ALL b", "a OUTER UNION ALL b")
     }
 
     @Test
     fun except() {
-        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a EXCEPT b", "a EXCEPT b")
+        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a EXCEPT b", "a OUTER EXCEPT b")
     }
 
     @Test
     fun intersect() {
-        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a INTERSECT b", "a INTERSECT b")
+        checkPrettyPrintQuery("a INTERSECT b", "a OUTER INTERSECT b")
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ class QueryPrettyPrinterTest {
         checkPrettyPrintQuery(
             "(SELECT a FROM b) UNION (SELECT c FROM d) UNION (SELECT e FROM f)",
             """
-                ((SELECT a FROM b) UNION (SELECT c FROM d)) UNION (SELECT e FROM f)
+                ((SELECT a FROM b) UNION (SELECT c FROM d)) OUTER UNION (SELECT e FROM f)
             """.trimIndent()
         )
     }
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ class QueryPrettyPrinterTest {
         checkPrettyPrintQuery(
             "(SELECT a FROM b) UNION c",
             """
-                (SELECT a FROM b) UNION c
+                (SELECT a FROM b) OUTER UNION c
             """.trimIndent()
         )
     }
@@ -873,7 +873,7 @@ class QueryPrettyPrinterTest {
             "CASE (SELECT name FROM t) WHEN (SELECT a FROM b) UNION c THEN 1 WHEN (SELECT c FROM d) THEN 2 ELSE (SELECT e FROM f) END",
             """
                 CASE (SELECT name FROM t)
-                    WHEN (SELECT a FROM b) UNION c THEN 1
+                    WHEN (SELECT a FROM b) OUTER UNION c THEN 1
                     WHEN (SELECT c FROM d) THEN 2
                     ELSE (SELECT e FROM f)
                 END
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserMatchTest.kt b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserMatchTest.kt
index d45c4a4fb1..16b2bb4db5 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserMatchTest.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserMatchTest.kt
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ class PartiQLParserMatchTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "(MyGraph MATCH (x)) UNION SELECT * FROM tbl1"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = union(),
+            op = outerUnion(), // TODO decide if graph match set op maps to PartiQL or SQL
             quantifier = distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 astMygraphMatchAllNodes,
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class PartiQLParserMatchTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "SELECT * FROM tbl1 UNION (MyGraph MATCH (x))"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = union(),
+            op = outerUnion(), // TODO decide if graph match set op maps to PartiQL or SQL
             quantifier = distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 astSelectStarFromTbl1,
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest.kt b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest.kt
index 48b5d05022..815e833196 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest.kt
@@ -30,33 +30,33 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     fun intersectPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForIntersectPrecedence(): List<Pair<String, String>> = listOf(
         // two by two binary operators
-        /* (intersect, intersect_all)   */ "a intersect b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect, except)          */ "a intersect b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect, except_all)      */ "a intersect b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect, union)           */ "a intersect b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect, union_all)       */ "a intersect b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect, and)             */ "a intersect b and c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, or)              */ "a intersect b or c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, =)               */ "a intersect b = c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, <>)              */ "a intersect b <> c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, in)              */ "a intersect b in c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, not_in)          */ "a intersect b not in c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (intersect, <)               */ "a intersect b < c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, <=)              */ "a intersect b <= c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, >)               */ "a intersect b > c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, >=)              */ "a intersect b >= c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, between)         */ "a intersect b between w and c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, not_between)     */ "a intersect b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (intersect, like)            */ "a intersect b like c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
-        /* (intersect, not_like)        */ "a intersect b not like c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
-        /* (intersect, +)               */ "a intersect b + c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, -)               */ "a intersect b - c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, ||)              */ "a intersect b || c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, *)               */ "a intersect b * c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, /)               */ "a intersect b / c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, %)               */ "a intersect b % c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect, is)              */ "a intersect b is boolean" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
-        /* (intersect, is_not)          */ "a intersect b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
+        /* (intersect, intersect_all)   */ "a intersect b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect, except)          */ "a intersect b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect, except_all)      */ "a intersect b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect, union)           */ "a intersect b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect, union_all)       */ "a intersect b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect, and)             */ "a intersect b and c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, or)              */ "a intersect b or c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, =)               */ "a intersect b = c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, <>)              */ "a intersect b <> c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, in)              */ "a intersect b in c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, not_in)          */ "a intersect b not in c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (intersect, <)               */ "a intersect b < c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, <=)              */ "a intersect b <= c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, >)               */ "a intersect b > c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, >=)              */ "a intersect b >= c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, between)         */ "a intersect b between w and c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, not_between)     */ "a intersect b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (intersect, like)            */ "a intersect b like c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
+        /* (intersect, not_like)        */ "a intersect b not like c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
+        /* (intersect, +)               */ "a intersect b + c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, -)               */ "a intersect b - c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, ||)              */ "a intersect b || c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, *)               */ "a intersect b * c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, /)               */ "a intersect b / c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, %)               */ "a intersect b % c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect, is)              */ "a intersect b is boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
+        /* (intersect, is_not)          */ "a intersect b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
     )
 
     @Test
@@ -64,33 +64,33 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun intersectAllPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForIntersectAllPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (intersect_all, intersect)   */ "a intersect all b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, except)      */ "a intersect all b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, except_all)  */ "a intersect all b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, union)       */ "a intersect all b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, union_all)   */ "a intersect all b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, and)         */ "a intersect all b and c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, or)          */ "a intersect all b or c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, =)           */ "a intersect all b = c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, <>)          */ "a intersect all b <> c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, in)          */ "a intersect all b in c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, not_in)      */ "a intersect all b not in c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, <)           */ "a intersect all b < c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, <=)          */ "a intersect all b <= c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, >)           */ "a intersect all b > c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, >=)          */ "a intersect all b >= c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, between)     */ "a intersect all b between w and c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, not_between) */ "a intersect all b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, like)        */ "a intersect all b like c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
-        /* (intersect_all, not_like)    */ "a intersect all b not like c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, +)           */ "a intersect all b + c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, -)           */ "a intersect all b - c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, ||)          */ "a intersect all b || c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, *)           */ "a intersect all b * c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, /)           */ "a intersect all b / c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, %)           */ "a intersect all b % c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (intersect_all, is)          */ "a intersect all b is boolean" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
-        /* (intersect_all, is_not)      */ "a intersect all b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
+        /* (intersect_all, intersect)   */ "a intersect all b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, except)      */ "a intersect all b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, except_all)  */ "a intersect all b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, union)       */ "a intersect all b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, union_all)   */ "a intersect all b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, and)         */ "a intersect all b and c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, or)          */ "a intersect all b or c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, =)           */ "a intersect all b = c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, <>)          */ "a intersect all b <> c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, in)          */ "a intersect all b in c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, not_in)      */ "a intersect all b not in c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, <)           */ "a intersect all b < c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, <=)          */ "a intersect all b <= c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, >)           */ "a intersect all b > c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, >=)          */ "a intersect all b >= c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, between)     */ "a intersect all b between w and c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, not_between) */ "a intersect all b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, like)        */ "a intersect all b like c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
+        /* (intersect_all, not_like)    */ "a intersect all b not like c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, +)           */ "a intersect all b + c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, -)           */ "a intersect all b - c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, ||)          */ "a intersect all b || c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, *)           */ "a intersect all b * c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, /)           */ "a intersect all b / c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, %)           */ "a intersect all b % c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (intersect_all, is)          */ "a intersect all b is boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
+        /* (intersect_all, is_not)      */ "a intersect all b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
     )
 
     @Test
@@ -98,33 +98,33 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun exceptPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForExceptPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (except, intersect)          */ "a except b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except, intersect_all)      */ "a except b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except, except_all)         */ "a except b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except, union)              */ "a except b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except, union_all)          */ "a except b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except, and)                */ "a except b and c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, or)                 */ "a except b or c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, =)                  */ "a except b = c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, <>)                 */ "a except b <> c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, in)                 */ "a except b in c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, not_in)             */ "a except b not in c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (except, <)                  */ "a except b < c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, <=)                 */ "a except b <= c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, >)                  */ "a except b > c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, >=)                 */ "a except b >= c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, between)            */ "a except b between w and c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, not_between)        */ "a except b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (except, like)               */ "a except b like c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
-        /* (except, not_like)           */ "a except b not like c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
-        /* (except, +)                  */ "a except b + c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, -)                  */ "a except b - c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, ||)                 */ "a except b || c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, *)                  */ "a except b * c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, /)                  */ "a except b / c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, %)                  */ "a except b % c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except, is)                 */ "a except b is boolean" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
-        /* (except, is_not)             */ "a except b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
+        /* (except, intersect)          */ "a except b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except, intersect_all)      */ "a except b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except, except_all)         */ "a except b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except, union)              */ "a except b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except, union_all)          */ "a except b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except, and)                */ "a except b and c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, or)                 */ "a except b or c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, =)                  */ "a except b = c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, <>)                 */ "a except b <> c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, in)                 */ "a except b in c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, not_in)             */ "a except b not in c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (except, <)                  */ "a except b < c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, <=)                 */ "a except b <= c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, >)                  */ "a except b > c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, >=)                 */ "a except b >= c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, between)            */ "a except b between w and c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, not_between)        */ "a except b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (except, like)               */ "a except b like c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
+        /* (except, not_like)           */ "a except b not like c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
+        /* (except, +)                  */ "a except b + c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, -)                  */ "a except b - c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, ||)                 */ "a except b || c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, *)                  */ "a except b * c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, /)                  */ "a except b / c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, %)                  */ "a except b % c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except, is)                 */ "a except b is boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
+        /* (except, is_not)             */ "a except b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
     )
 
     @Test
@@ -132,33 +132,33 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun exceptAllPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForExceptAllPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (except_all, intersect)      */ "a except all b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except_all, intersect_all)  */ "a except all b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except_all, except)         */ "a except all b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except_all, union)          */ "a except all b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except_all, union_all)      */ "a except all b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (except_all, and)            */ "a except all b and c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, or)             */ "a except all b or c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, =)              */ "a except all b = c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, <>)             */ "a except all b <> c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, in)             */ "a except all b in c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, not_in)         */ "a except all b not in c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (except_all, <)              */ "a except all b < c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, <=)             */ "a except all b <= c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, >)              */ "a except all b > c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, >=)             */ "a except all b >= c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, between)        */ "a except all b between w and c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, not_between)    */ "a except all b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (except_all, like)           */ "a except all b like c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
-        /* (except_all, not_like)       */ "a except all b not like c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
-        /* (except_all, +)              */ "a except all b + c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, -)              */ "a except all b - c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, ||)             */ "a except all b || c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, *)              */ "a except all b * c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, /)              */ "a except all b / c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, %)              */ "a except all b % c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (except_all, is)             */ "a except all b is boolean" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
-        /* (except_all, is_not)         */ "a except all b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
+        /* (except_all, intersect)      */ "a except all b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except_all, intersect_all)  */ "a except all b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except_all, except)         */ "a except all b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except_all, union)          */ "a except all b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except_all, union_all)      */ "a except all b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (except_all, and)            */ "a except all b and c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, or)             */ "a except all b or c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, =)              */ "a except all b = c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, <>)             */ "a except all b <> c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, in)             */ "a except all b in c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, not_in)         */ "a except all b not in c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (except_all, <)              */ "a except all b < c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, <=)             */ "a except all b <= c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, >)              */ "a except all b > c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, >=)             */ "a except all b >= c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, between)        */ "a except all b between w and c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, not_between)    */ "a except all b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (except_all, like)           */ "a except all b like c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
+        /* (except_all, not_like)       */ "a except all b not like c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
+        /* (except_all, +)              */ "a except all b + c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, -)              */ "a except all b - c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, ||)             */ "a except all b || c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, *)              */ "a except all b * c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, /)              */ "a except all b / c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, %)              */ "a except all b % c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (except_all, is)             */ "a except all b is boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
+        /* (except_all, is_not)         */ "a except all b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
     )
 
     @Test
@@ -166,33 +166,33 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun unionPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForUnionPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (union, intersect)           */ "a union b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union, intersect_all)       */ "a union b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union, except)              */ "a union b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union, except_all)          */ "a union b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union, union_all)           */ "a union b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union, and)                 */ "a union b and c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, or)                  */ "a union b or c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, =)                   */ "a union b = c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, <>)                  */ "a union b <> c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, in)                  */ "a union b in c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, not_in)              */ "a union b not in c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (union, <)                   */ "a union b < c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, <=)                  */ "a union b <= c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, >)                   */ "a union b > c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, >=)                  */ "a union b >= c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, between)             */ "a union b between w and c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, not_between)         */ "a union b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (union, like)                */ "a union b like c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
-        /* (union, not_like)            */ "a union b not like c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
-        /* (union, +)                   */ "a union b + c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, -)                   */ "a union b - c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, ||)                  */ "a union b || c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, *)                   */ "a union b * c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, /)                   */ "a union b / c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, %)                   */ "a union b % c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union, is)                  */ "a union b is boolean" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
-        /* (union, is_not)              */ "a union b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
+        /* (union, intersect)           */ "a union b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union, intersect_all)       */ "a union b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union, except)              */ "a union b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union, except_all)          */ "a union b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union, union_all)           */ "a union b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union, and)                 */ "a union b and c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, or)                  */ "a union b or c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, =)                   */ "a union b = c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, <>)                  */ "a union b <> c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, in)                  */ "a union b in c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, not_in)              */ "a union b not in c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (union, <)                   */ "a union b < c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, <=)                  */ "a union b <= c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, >)                   */ "a union b > c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, >=)                  */ "a union b >= c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, between)             */ "a union b between w and c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, not_between)         */ "a union b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (union, like)                */ "a union b like c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
+        /* (union, not_like)            */ "a union b not like c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
+        /* (union, +)                   */ "a union b + c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, -)                   */ "a union b - c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, ||)                  */ "a union b || c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, *)                   */ "a union b * c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, /)                   */ "a union b / c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, %)                   */ "a union b % c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union, is)                  */ "a union b is boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
+        /* (union, is_not)              */ "a union b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
     )
 
     @Test
@@ -200,33 +200,33 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun unionAllPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForUnionAllPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (union_all, intersect)       */ "a union all b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union_all, intersect_all)   */ "a union all b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union_all, except)          */ "a union all b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union_all, except_all)      */ "a union all b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union_all, union)           */ "a union all b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (union_all, and)             */ "a union all b and c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, or)              */ "a union all b or c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, =)               */ "a union all b = c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, <>)              */ "a union all b <> c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, in)              */ "a union all b in c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, not_in)          */ "a union all b not in c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (union_all, <)               */ "a union all b < c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, <=)              */ "a union all b <= c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, >)               */ "a union all b > c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, >=)              */ "a union all b >= c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, between)         */ "a union all b between w and c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, not_between)     */ "a union all b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
-        /* (union_all, like)            */ "a union all b like c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
-        /* (union_all, not_like)        */ "a union all b not like c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
-        /* (union_all, +)               */ "a union all b + c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, -)               */ "a union all b - c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, ||)              */ "a union all b || c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, *)               */ "a union all b * c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, /)               */ "a union all b / c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, %)               */ "a union all b % c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
-        /* (union_all, is)              */ "a union all b is boolean" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
-        /* (union_all, is_not)          */ "a union all b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
+        /* (union_all, intersect)       */ "a union all b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union_all, intersect_all)   */ "a union all b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union_all, except)          */ "a union all b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union_all, except_all)      */ "a union all b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union_all, union)           */ "a union all b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (union_all, and)             */ "a union all b and c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, or)              */ "a union all b or c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (or (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, =)               */ "a union all b = c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, <>)              */ "a union all b <> c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, in)              */ "a union all b in c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, not_in)          */ "a union all b not in c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (in_collection (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (union_all, <)               */ "a union all b < c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, <=)              */ "a union all b <= c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (lte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, >)               */ "a union all b > c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gt (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, >=)              */ "a union all b >= c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (gte (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, between)         */ "a union all b between w and c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, not_between)     */ "a union all b not between y and c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (between (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))))",
+        /* (union_all, like)            */ "a union all b like c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null))",
+        /* (union_all, not_like)        */ "a union all b not like c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (like (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)))",
+        /* (union_all, +)               */ "a union all b + c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (plus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, -)               */ "a union all b - c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (minus (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, ||)              */ "a union all b || c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (concat (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, *)               */ "a union all b * c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (times (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, /)               */ "a union all b / c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (divide (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, %)               */ "a union all b % c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (modulo (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
+        /* (union_all, is)              */ "a union all b is boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)))",
+        /* (union_all, is_not)          */ "a union all b is not boolean" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (not (is_type (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))))"
     )
 
     @Test
@@ -234,12 +234,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun andPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForAndPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (and, intersect)             */ "a and b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (and, intersect_all)         */ "a and b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (and, except)                */ "a and b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (and, except_all)            */ "a and b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (and, union)                 */ "a and b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (and, union_all)             */ "a and b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (and, intersect)             */ "a and b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (and, intersect_all)         */ "a and b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (and, except)                */ "a and b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (and, except_all)            */ "a and b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (and, union)                 */ "a and b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (and, union_all)             */ "a and b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (and, or)                    */ "a and b or c" to "(or (and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (and, =)                     */ "a and b = c" to "(and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
         /* (and, <>)                    */ "a and b <> c" to "(and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
@@ -268,12 +268,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun orPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForOrPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (or, intersect)              */ "a or b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (or, intersect_all)          */ "a or b intersect all c " to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (or, except)                 */ "a or b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (or, except_all)             */ "a or b except all c " to "(bag_op (except) (all) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (or, union)                  */ "a or b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (or, union_all)              */ "a or b union all c " to "(bag_op (union) (all) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (or, intersect)              */ "a or b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (or, intersect_all)          */ "a or b intersect all c " to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (or, except)                 */ "a or b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (or, except_all)             */ "a or b except all c " to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (or, union)                  */ "a or b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (or, union_all)              */ "a or b union all c " to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (or, and)                    */ "a or b and c" to "(or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (and (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
         /* (or, =)                      */ "a or b = c" to "(or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (eq (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
         /* (or, <>)                     */ "a or b <> c" to "(or (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (ne (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
@@ -302,12 +302,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun equalsPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForEqualsPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (=, intersect)               */ "a = b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (=, intersect_all)           */ "a = b intersect all c  " to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (=, except)                  */ "a = b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (=, except_all)              */ "a = b except all c  " to "(bag_op (except) (all) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (=, union)                   */ "a = b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (=, union_all)               */ "a = b union all c  " to "(bag_op (union) (all) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (=, intersect)               */ "a = b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (=, intersect_all)           */ "a = b intersect all c  " to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (=, except)                  */ "a = b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (=, except_all)              */ "a = b except all c  " to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (=, union)                   */ "a = b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (=, union_all)               */ "a = b union all c  " to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (=, or)                      */ "a = b or c" to "(or (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (=, and)                     */ "a = b and c" to "(and (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (=, <>)                      */ "a = b <> c" to "(ne (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -328,12 +328,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun notEqualPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForNotEqualPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (<>, intersect)              */ "a <> b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<>, intersect_all)          */ "a <> b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<>, except)                 */ "a <> b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<>, except_all)             */ "a <> b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<>, union)                  */ "a <> b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<>, union_all)              */ "a <> b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<>, intersect)              */ "a <> b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<>, intersect_all)          */ "a <> b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<>, except)                 */ "a <> b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<>, except_all)             */ "a <> b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<>, union)                  */ "a <> b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<>, union_all)              */ "a <> b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<>, or)                     */ "a <> b or c" to "(or (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<>, and)                    */ "a <> b and c" to "(and (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<>, =)                      */ "a <> b = c" to "(eq (ne (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -354,12 +354,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun isPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForIsPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (is, intersect)              */ "a is boolean intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (is, intersect_all)          */ "a is boolean intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (is, except)                 */ "a is boolean except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (is, except_all)             */ "a is boolean except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (is, union)                  */ "a is boolean union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (is, union_all)              */ "a is boolean union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (is, intersect)              */ "a is boolean intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (is, intersect_all)          */ "a is boolean intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (is, except)                 */ "a is boolean except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (is, except_all)             */ "a is boolean except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (is, union)                  */ "a is boolean union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (is, union_all)              */ "a is boolean union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (is, or)                     */ "a is boolean or c" to "(or (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (is, and)                    */ "a is boolean and c" to "(and (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (is, =)                      */ "a is boolean = c" to "(eq (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -381,11 +381,11 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun isNotPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForIsNotPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (not (is, intersect)          */ "a is not boolean intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (is, intersect_all)      */ "a is not boolean intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (is, except)             */ "a is not boolean except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (is, union)              */ "a is not boolean union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (is, union_all)          */ "a is not boolean union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (is, intersect)          */ "a is not boolean intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (is, intersect_all)      */ "a is not boolean intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (is, except)             */ "a is not boolean except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (is, union)              */ "a is not boolean union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (is, union_all)          */ "a is not boolean union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (is, or)                 */ "a is not boolean or c" to "(or (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (is, and)                */ "a is not boolean and c" to "(and (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (is, =)                  */ "a is not boolean = c" to "(eq (not (is_type (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (boolean_type))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -408,12 +408,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun inPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForInPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (in, intersect)              */ "a in b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (in, intersect_all)          */ "a in b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (in, except)                 */ "a in b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (in, except_all)             */ "a in b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (in, union)                  */ "a in b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (in, union_all)              */ "a in b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (in, intersect)              */ "a in b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (in, intersect_all)          */ "a in b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (in, except)                 */ "a in b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (in, except_all)             */ "a in b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (in, union)                  */ "a in b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (in, union_all)              */ "a in b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (in, or)                     */ "a in b or c" to "(or (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (in, and)                    */ "a in b and c" to "(and (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (in, =)                      */ "a in b = c" to "(eq (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -434,12 +434,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun notInPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForNotInPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (not (in, intersect)          */ "a not in b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (in, intersect_all)      */ "a not in b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (in, except)             */ "a not in b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (in, except_all)         */ "a not in b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (in, union)              */ "a not in b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (in, union_all)          */ "a not in b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (in, intersect)          */ "a not in b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (in, intersect_all)      */ "a not in b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (in, except)             */ "a not in b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (in, except_all)         */ "a not in b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (in, union)              */ "a not in b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (in, union_all)          */ "a not in b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (in, or)                 */ "a not in b or c" to "(or (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (in, and)                */ "a not in b and c" to "(and (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (in, =)                  */ "a not in b = c" to "(eq (not (in_collection (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -460,12 +460,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun ltPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForLtPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (<, intersect)               */ "a < b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<, intersect_all)           */ "a < b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<, except)                  */ "a < b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<, except_all)              */ "a < b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<, union)                   */ "a < b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<, union_all)               */ "a < b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<, intersect)               */ "a < b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<, intersect_all)           */ "a < b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<, except)                  */ "a < b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<, except_all)              */ "a < b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<, union)                   */ "a < b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<, union_all)               */ "a < b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<, or)                      */ "a < b or c" to "(or (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<, and)                     */ "a < b and c" to "(and (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<, =)                       */ "a < b = c" to "(eq (lt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -494,12 +494,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun ltePrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForLtePrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (<=, intersect)              */ "a <= b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<=, intersect_all)          */ "a <= b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<=, except)                 */ "a <= b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<=, except_all)             */ "a <= b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<=, union)                  */ "a <= b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (<=, union_all)              */ "a <= b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<=, intersect)              */ "a <= b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<=, intersect_all)          */ "a <= b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<=, except)                 */ "a <= b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<=, except_all)             */ "a <= b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<=, union)                  */ "a <= b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (<=, union_all)              */ "a <= b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<=, or)                     */ "a <= b or c" to "(or (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<=, and)                    */ "a <= b and c" to "(and (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (<=, =)                      */ "a <= b = c" to "(eq (lte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -528,12 +528,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun gtPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForGtPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (>, intersect)               */ "a > b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>, intersect_all)           */ "a > b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>, except)                  */ "a > b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>, except_all)              */ "a > b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>, union)                   */ "a > b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>, union_all)               */ "a > b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>, intersect)               */ "a > b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>, intersect_all)           */ "a > b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>, except)                  */ "a > b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>, except_all)              */ "a > b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>, union)                   */ "a > b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>, union_all)               */ "a > b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (>, or)                      */ "a > b or c" to "(or (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (>, and)                     */ "a > b and c" to "(and (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (>, =)                       */ "a > b = c" to "(eq (gt (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -562,12 +562,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun gtePrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForGtePrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (>=, intersect)              */ "a >= b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>=, intersect_all)          */ "a >= b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>=, except)                 */ "a >= b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>=, except_all)             */ "a >= b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>=, union)                  */ "a >= b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (>=, union_all)              */ "a >= b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>=, intersect)              */ "a >= b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>=, intersect_all)          */ "a >= b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>=, except)                 */ "a >= b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>=, except_all)             */ "a >= b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>=, union)                  */ "a >= b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (>=, union_all)              */ "a >= b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (>=, or)                     */ "a >= b or c" to "(or (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (>=, and)                    */ "a >= b and c" to "(and (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (>=, =)                      */ "a >= b = c" to "(eq (gte (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -596,12 +596,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun betweenPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForBetweenPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (between, intersect)         */ "a between b and w intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (between, intersect_all)     */ "a between b and w intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (between, except)            */ "a between b and w except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (between, except_all)        */ "a between b and w except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (between, union)             */ "a between b and w union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (between, union_all)         */ "a between b and w union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (between, intersect)         */ "a between b and w intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (between, intersect_all)     */ "a between b and w intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (between, except)            */ "a between b and w except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (between, except_all)        */ "a between b and w except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (between, union)             */ "a between b and w union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (between, union_all)         */ "a between b and w union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (between, or)                */ "a between w and b or c" to "(or (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (between, and)               */ "a between w and b and c" to "(and (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (between, =)                 */ "a between w and b = c" to "(eq (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -630,12 +630,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun notBetweenPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForNotBetweenPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (not (between, intersect)     */ "a not between w and b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (between, intersect_all) */ "a not between w and b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (between, except)        */ "a not between w and b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (between, except_all)    */ "a not between w and b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (between, union)         */ "a not between w and b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (between, union_all)     */ "a not between w and b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (between, intersect)     */ "a not between w and b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (between, intersect_all) */ "a not between w and b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (between, except)        */ "a not between w and b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (between, except_all)    */ "a not between w and b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (between, union)         */ "a not between w and b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (between, union_all)     */ "a not between w and b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id w (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (between, or)            */ "a not between y and b or c" to "(or (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (between, and)           */ "a not between y and b and c" to "(and (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (between, =)             */ "a not between y and b = c" to "(eq (not (between (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id y (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -664,12 +664,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun likePrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForLikePrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (like, intersect)            */ "a like b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (like, intersect_all)        */ "a like b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (like, except)               */ "a like b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (like, except_all)           */ "a like b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (like, union)                */ "a like b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (like, union_all)            */ "a like b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (like, intersect)            */ "a like b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (like, intersect_all)        */ "a like b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (like, except)               */ "a like b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (like, except_all)           */ "a like b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (like, union)                */ "a like b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (like, union_all)            */ "a like b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (like, or)                   */ "a like b or c" to "(or (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (like, and)                  */ "a like b and c" to "(and (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (like, =)                    */ "a like b = c" to "(eq (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -698,12 +698,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun notLikePrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForNotLikePrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (not (like, intersect)        */ "a not like b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (like, intersect_all)    */ "a not like b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (like, except)           */ "a not like b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (like, except_all)       */ "a not like b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (like, union)            */ "a not like b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not (like, union_all)        */ "a not like b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (like, intersect)        */ "a not like b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (like, intersect_all)    */ "a not like b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (like, except)           */ "a not like b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (like, except_all)       */ "a not like b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (like, union)            */ "a not like b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not (like, union_all)        */ "a not like b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (like, or)               */ "a not like b or c" to "(or (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (like, and)              */ "a not like b and c" to "(and (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not (like, =)                */ "a not like b = c" to "(eq (not (like (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) null)) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -732,12 +732,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun subtractPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForSubtractPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (+, intersect)               */ "a + b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (+, intersect_all)           */ "a + b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (+, except)                  */ "a + b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (+, except_all)              */ "a + b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (+, union)                   */ "a + b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (+, union_all)               */ "a + b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (+, intersect)               */ "a + b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (+, intersect_all)           */ "a + b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (+, except)                  */ "a + b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (+, except_all)              */ "a + b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (+, union)                   */ "a + b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (+, union_all)               */ "a + b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (+, or)                      */ "a + b or c" to "(or (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (+, and)                     */ "a + b and c" to "(and (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (+, =)                       */ "a + b = c" to "(eq (plus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -766,12 +766,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun minusPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForMinusPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (-, intersect)               */ "a - b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (-, intersect_all)           */ "a - b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (-, except)                  */ "a - b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (-, except_all)              */ "a - b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (-, union)                   */ "a - b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (-, union_all)               */ "a - b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (-, intersect)               */ "a - b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (-, intersect_all)           */ "a - b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (-, except)                  */ "a - b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (-, except_all)              */ "a - b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (-, union)                   */ "a - b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (-, union_all)               */ "a - b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (-, or)                      */ "a - b or c" to "(or (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (-, and)                     */ "a - b and c" to "(and (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (-, =)                       */ "a - b = c" to "(eq (minus (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -800,12 +800,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun concatPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForConcatPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (||, intersect)              */ "a || b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (||, intersect_all)          */ "a || b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (||, except)                 */ "a || b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (||, except_all)             */ "a || b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (||, union)                  */ "a || b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (||, union_all)              */ "a || b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (||, intersect)              */ "a || b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (||, intersect_all)          */ "a || b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (||, except)                 */ "a || b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (||, except_all)             */ "a || b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (||, union)                  */ "a || b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (||, union_all)              */ "a || b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (||, or)                     */ "a || b or c" to "(or (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (||, and)                    */ "a || b and c" to "(and (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (||, =)                      */ "a || b = c" to "(eq (concat (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -832,12 +832,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun mulPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForMulPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (*, intersect)               */ "a * b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (*, intersect_all)           */ "a * b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (*, except)                  */ "a * b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (*, except_all)              */ "a * b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (*, union)                   */ "a * b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (*, union_all)               */ "a * b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (*, intersect)               */ "a * b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (*, intersect_all)           */ "a * b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (*, except)                  */ "a * b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (*, except_all)              */ "a * b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (*, union)                   */ "a * b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (*, union_all)               */ "a * b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (*, or)                      */ "a * b or c" to "(or (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (*, and)                     */ "a * b and c" to "(and (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (*, =)                       */ "a * b = c" to "(eq (times (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -866,12 +866,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun divPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForDivPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (/, intersect)               */ "a / b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (/, intersect_all)           */ "a / b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (/, except)                  */ "a / b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (/, except_all)              */ "a / b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (/, union)                   */ "a / b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (/, union_all)               */ "a / b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (/, intersect)               */ "a / b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (/, intersect_all)           */ "a / b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (/, except)                  */ "a / b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (/, except_all)              */ "a / b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (/, union)                   */ "a / b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (/, union_all)               */ "a / b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (/, or)                      */ "a / b or c" to "(or (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (/, and)                     */ "a / b and c" to "(and (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (/, =)                       */ "a / b = c" to "(eq (divide (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -900,12 +900,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun modPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForModPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (%, intersect)               */ "a % b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (%, intersect_all)           */ "a % b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (%, except)                  */ "a % b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (%, except_all)              */ "a % b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (%, union)                   */ "a % b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (%, union_all)               */ "a % b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (%, intersect)               */ "a % b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (%, intersect_all)           */ "a % b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (%, except)                  */ "a % b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (%, except_all)              */ "a % b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (%, union)                   */ "a % b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (%, union_all)               */ "a % b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (%, or)                      */ "a % b or c" to "(or (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (%, and)                     */ "a % b and c" to "(and (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (%, =)                       */ "a % b = c" to "(eq (modulo (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -934,12 +934,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun bitwiseAndPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForBitwiseAndPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (&, intersect)               */ "a & b intersect c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (&, intersect_all)           */ "a & b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (&, except)                  */ "a & b except c" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (&, except_all)              */ "a & b except all c" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (&, union)                   */ "a & b union c" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (&, union_all)               */ "a & b union all c" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (&, intersect)               */ "a & b intersect c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (&, intersect_all)           */ "a & b intersect all c" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (&, except)                  */ "a & b except c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (&, except_all)              */ "a & b except all c" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (&, union)                   */ "a & b union c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (&, union_all)               */ "a & b union all c" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (&, or)                      */ "a & b or c" to "(or (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (&, and)                     */ "a & b and c" to "(and (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (&, =)                       */ "a & b = c" to "(eq (bitwise_and (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id c (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
@@ -990,12 +990,12 @@ class PartiQLParserPrecedenceTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
     @TestCaseName("{0}")
     fun notUnaryPrecedence(pair: Pair<String, String>) = runTest(pair)
     fun parametersForNotUnaryPrecedence() = listOf(
-        /* (not, intersect)     */ "not a intersect b" to "(bag_op (intersect) (distinct) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not, intersect_all) */ "not a intersect all b" to "(bag_op (intersect) (all) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not, except)        */ "not a except b" to "(bag_op (except) (distinct) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not, except_all)    */ "not a except all b" to "(bag_op (except) (all) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not, union)         */ "not a union b" to "(bag_op (union) (distinct) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
-        /* (not, union_all)     */ "not a union all b" to "(bag_op (union) (all) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not, intersect)     */ "not a intersect b" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (distinct) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not, intersect_all) */ "not a intersect all b" to "(bag_op (outer_intersect) (all) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not, except)        */ "not a except b" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (distinct) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not, except_all)    */ "not a except all b" to "(bag_op (outer_except) (all) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not, union)         */ "not a union b" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (distinct) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
+        /* (not, union_all)     */ "not a union all b" to "(bag_op (outer_union) (all) (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not, or)            */ "not a or b" to "(or (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not, and)           */ "not a and b" to "(and (not (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified))) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified)))",
         /* (not, =)             */ "not a = b" to "(not (eq (id a (case_insensitive) (unqualified)) (id b (case_insensitive) (unqualified))))",
diff --git a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserTest.kt b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserTest.kt
index a72fefa81f..78482f90d2 100644
--- a/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserTest.kt
+++ b/partiql-lang/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/lang/syntax/PartiQLParserTest.kt
@@ -4102,7 +4102,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a UNION b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Union(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterUnion(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.Distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4116,7 +4116,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a UNION DISTINCT b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Union(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterUnion(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.Distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4130,7 +4130,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a UNION ALL b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Union(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterUnion(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.All(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4144,7 +4144,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a INTERSECT b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Intersect(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterIntersect(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.Distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4158,7 +4158,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a INTERSECT DISTINCT b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Intersect(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterIntersect(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.Distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4172,7 +4172,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a INTERSECT ALL b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Intersect(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterIntersect(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.All(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4186,7 +4186,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a EXCEPT b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Except(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterExcept(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.Distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4200,7 +4200,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a EXCEPT DISTINCT b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Except(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterExcept(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.Distinct(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
@@ -4214,7 +4214,7 @@ class PartiQLParserTest : PartiQLParserTestBase() {
         "a EXCEPT ALL b"
     ) {
         bagOp(
-            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.Except(),
+            op = PartiqlAst.BagOpType.OuterExcept(),
             quantifier = PartiqlAst.SetQuantifier.All(),
             operands = listOf(
                 id("a"),
diff --git a/partiql-parser/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserDefault.kt b/partiql-parser/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserDefault.kt
index ac30689f17..d5c02c4710 100644
--- a/partiql-parser/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserDefault.kt
+++ b/partiql-parser/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserDefault.kt
@@ -1113,6 +1113,17 @@ internal class PartiQLParserDefault : PartiQLParser {
          *
          */
 
+        /**
+         * Verifies if all of the [args] are
+         * 1. [Expr.SFW] or
+         * 2. [Expr.BagOp] and is a SQL Set op (i.e. [Expr.BagOp.outer] != true)
+         */
+        private fun argsAreSFW(args: List<Expr>): Boolean {
+            return args.all { arg ->
+                arg is Expr.SFW || (arg is Expr.BagOp && arg.outer != true)
+            }
+        }
+
         override fun visitIntersect(ctx: GeneratedParser.IntersectContext) = translate(ctx) {
             val setq = when {
                 ctx.ALL() != null -> SetQuantifier.ALL
@@ -1123,7 +1134,7 @@ internal class PartiQLParserDefault : PartiQLParser {
             val lhs = visitAs<Expr>(ctx.lhs)
             val rhs = visitAs<Expr>(ctx.rhs)
             val outer = ctx.OUTER() != null
-            exprBagOp(op, lhs, rhs, outer)
+            exprBagOp(op, lhs, rhs, outer || !argsAreSFW(listOf(lhs, rhs)))
         }
 
         override fun visitExcept(ctx: GeneratedParser.ExceptContext) = translate(ctx) {
@@ -1136,7 +1147,7 @@ internal class PartiQLParserDefault : PartiQLParser {
             val lhs = visitAs<Expr>(ctx.lhs)
             val rhs = visitAs<Expr>(ctx.rhs)
             val outer = ctx.OUTER() != null
-            exprBagOp(op, lhs, rhs, outer)
+            exprBagOp(op, lhs, rhs, outer || !argsAreSFW(listOf(lhs, rhs)))
         }
 
         override fun visitUnion(ctx: GeneratedParser.UnionContext) = translate(ctx) {
@@ -1149,7 +1160,7 @@ internal class PartiQLParserDefault : PartiQLParser {
             val lhs = visitAs<Expr>(ctx.lhs)
             val rhs = visitAs<Expr>(ctx.rhs)
             val outer = ctx.OUTER() != null
-            exprBagOp(op, lhs, rhs, outer)
+            exprBagOp(op, lhs, rhs, outer || !argsAreSFW(listOf(lhs, rhs)))
         }
 
         /**
diff --git a/partiql-parser/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserBagOpTests.kt b/partiql-parser/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserBagOpTests.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a556e6c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/partiql-parser/src/test/kotlin/org/partiql/parser/internal/PartiQLParserBagOpTests.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+package org.partiql.parser.internal
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import org.partiql.ast.AstNode
+import org.partiql.ast.Expr
+import org.partiql.ast.From
+import org.partiql.ast.SetOp
+import org.partiql.ast.SetQuantifier
+import org.partiql.ast.builder.AstBuilder
+import org.partiql.ast.builder.ast
+import org.partiql.value.PartiQLValueExperimental
+import org.partiql.value.int32Value
+import org.partiql.value.stringValue
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+
+class PartiQLParserBagOpTests {
+
+    private val parser = PartiQLParserDefault()
+
+    private fun query(block: AstBuilder.() -> Expr) = ast { statementQuery { expr = block() } }
+
+    @OptIn(PartiQLValueExperimental::class)
+    private fun createSFW(i: Int): Expr.SFW =
+        ast {
+            exprSFW {
+                select = selectStar()
+                from = fromValue {
+                    expr = exprCollection {
+                        type = Expr.Collection.Type.BAG
+                        values = mutableListOf(
+                            exprStruct {
+                                fields = mutableListOf(
+                                    exprStructField {
+                                        name = exprLit { value = stringValue("a") }
+                                        value = exprLit { value = int32Value(i) }
+                                    }
+                                )
+                            }
+                        )
+                    }
+                    type = From.Value.Type.SCAN
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    @OptIn(PartiQLValueExperimental::class)
+    private fun createLit(i: Int) = ast { exprLit { value = int32Value(i) } }
+
+    // SQL Union
+    @Test
+    fun sqlUnion() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> UNION SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createSFW(2)
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlUnionMultiple() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> UNION ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> UNION DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                rhs = createSFW(3)
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlUnionMultipleRight() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> UNION ALL (SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> UNION DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>)",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(2)
+                    rhs = createSFW(3)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    // Outer Union
+    @Test
+    fun outerUnion() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> OUTER UNION SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createSFW(2)
+                outer = true
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun outerUnionNonSpecified() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> UNION 2",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createLit(2)
+                outer = true
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlUnionAndOuterUnion() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> UNION ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> UNION DISTINCT 3",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                rhs = createLit(3)
+                outer = true // outer
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun outerUnionAndSQLUnion() = assertExpression(
+        "1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> UNION DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.UNION
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createLit(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = true // outer
+                }
+                rhs = createSFW(3)
+                outer = true // also outer
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    // SQL Except
+    @Test
+    fun sqlExcept() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> EXCEPT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createSFW(2)
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlExceptMultiple() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> EXCEPT ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> EXCEPT DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                rhs = createSFW(3)
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlExceptMultipleRight() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> EXCEPT ALL (SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> EXCEPT DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>)",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(2)
+                    rhs = createSFW(3)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    // Outer Except
+    @Test
+    fun outerExcept() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> OUTER EXCEPT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createSFW(2)
+                outer = true
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun outerExceptNonSpecified() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> EXCEPT 2",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createLit(2)
+                outer = true
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlExceptAndOuterExcept() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> EXCEPT ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> EXCEPT DISTINCT 3",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                rhs = createLit(3)
+                outer = true // outer
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun outerExceptAndSQLExcept() = assertExpression(
+        "1 EXCEPT ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> EXCEPT DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.EXCEPT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createLit(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = true // outer
+                }
+                rhs = createSFW(3)
+                outer = true // also outer
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    // SQL Intersect
+    @Test
+    fun sqlIntersect() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> INTERSECT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createSFW(2)
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlIntersectMultiple() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> INTERSECT ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> INTERSECT DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                rhs = createSFW(3)
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlIntersectMultipleRight() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> INTERSECT ALL (SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> INTERSECT DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>)",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(2)
+                    rhs = createSFW(3)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                outer = false
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    // Outer Intersect
+    @Test
+    fun outerIntersect() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> OUTER INTERSECT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createSFW(2)
+                outer = true
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun outerIntersectNonSpecified() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> INTERSECT 2",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                }
+                lhs = createSFW(1)
+                rhs = createLit(2)
+                outer = true
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun sqlIntersectAndOuterIntersect() = assertExpression(
+        "SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 1}>> INTERSECT ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> INTERSECT DISTINCT 3",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createSFW(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = false
+                }
+                rhs = createLit(3)
+                outer = true // outer
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun outerIntersectAndSQLIntersect() = assertExpression(
+        "1 INTERSECT ALL SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 2}>> INTERSECT DISTINCT SELECT * FROM <<{'a': 3}>>",
+        query {
+            exprBagOp {
+                type = setOp {
+                    type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                    setq = SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                lhs = exprBagOp {
+                    type = setOp {
+                        type = SetOp.Type.INTERSECT
+                        setq = SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    }
+                    lhs = createLit(1)
+                    rhs = createSFW(2)
+                    outer = true // outer
+                }
+                rhs = createSFW(3)
+                outer = true // also outer
+            }
+        }
+    )
+
+    private fun assertExpression(input: String, expected: AstNode) {
+        val result = parser.parse(input)
+        val actual = result.root
+        assertEquals(expected, actual)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/partiql-plan/src/main/resources/partiql_plan.ion b/partiql-plan/src/main/resources/partiql_plan.ion
index 78ab9f5ab2..29804e2b6b 100644
--- a/partiql-plan/src/main/resources/partiql_plan.ion
+++ b/partiql-plan/src/main/resources/partiql_plan.ion
@@ -73,6 +73,12 @@ identifier::[
   ],
 ]
 
+// [ ALL | DISTINCT ]
+set_quantifier::[
+  ALL,
+  DISTINCT,
+]
+
 // Rex
 rex::{
   type: static_type,
@@ -187,6 +193,25 @@ rex::{
       args: list::[rex],
     },
 
+    // PartiQL bag ops
+    union::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
+      lhs: rex,
+      rhs: rex,
+    },
+
+    intersect::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
+      lhs: rex,
+      rhs: rex,
+    },
+
+    except::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
+      lhs: rex,
+      rhs: rex,
+    },
+
     err::{
       message: string,
     },
@@ -240,17 +265,21 @@ rel::{
       ],
     },
 
+    // SQL set ops
     union::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
       lhs: rel,
       rhs: rel,
     },
 
     intersect::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
       lhs: rel,
       rhs: rel,
     },
 
     except::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
       lhs: rel,
       rhs: rel,
     },
diff --git a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/ir/Nodes.kt b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/ir/Nodes.kt
index db65156fa8..b99411608c 100644
--- a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/ir/Nodes.kt
+++ b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/ir/Nodes.kt
@@ -54,7 +54,9 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpCaseBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpCoalesceBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpCollectionBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpErrBuilder
+import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpExceptBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpGlobalBuilder
+import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpIntersectBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpLitBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpNullifBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpPathIndexBuilder
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpStructBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpStructFieldBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpSubqueryBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpTupleUnionBuilder
+import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpUnionBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpVarResolvedBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.RexOpVarUnresolvedBuilder
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.builder.StatementQueryBuilder
@@ -322,6 +325,9 @@ internal data class Rex(
             is Subquery -> visitor.visitRexOpSubquery(this, ctx)
             is Select -> visitor.visitRexOpSelect(this, ctx)
             is TupleUnion -> visitor.visitRexOpTupleUnion(this, ctx)
+            is Union -> visitor.visitRexOpUnion(this, ctx)
+            is Intersect -> visitor.visitRexOpIntersect(this, ctx)
+            is Except -> visitor.visitRexOpExcept(this, ctx)
             is Err -> visitor.visitRexOpErr(this, ctx)
         }
 
@@ -744,6 +750,81 @@ internal data class Rex(
                 internal fun builder(): RexOpTupleUnionBuilder = RexOpTupleUnionBuilder()
             }
         }
+        
+        internal data class Union(
+          @JvmField
+          internal val setq: SetQuantifier,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val lhs: Rex,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val rhs: Rex,
+        ) : Op() {
+          internal override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
+            val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
+            kids.add(lhs)
+            kids.add(rhs)
+            kids.filterNotNull()
+          }
+    
+    
+          internal override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R =
+              visitor.visitRexOpUnion(this, ctx)
+    
+          internal companion object {
+            @JvmStatic
+            internal fun builder(): RexOpUnionBuilder = RexOpUnionBuilder()
+          }
+        }
+    
+        internal data class Intersect(
+          @JvmField
+          internal val setq: SetQuantifier,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val lhs: Rex,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val rhs: Rex,
+        ) : Op() {
+          internal override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
+            val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
+            kids.add(lhs)
+            kids.add(rhs)
+            kids.filterNotNull()
+          }
+    
+    
+          internal override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R =
+              visitor.visitRexOpIntersect(this, ctx)
+    
+          internal companion object {
+            @JvmStatic
+            internal fun builder(): RexOpIntersectBuilder = RexOpIntersectBuilder()
+          }
+        }
+    
+        internal data class Except(
+          @JvmField
+          internal val setq: SetQuantifier,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val lhs: Rex,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val rhs: Rex,
+        ) : Op() {
+          internal override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
+            val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
+            kids.add(lhs)
+            kids.add(rhs)
+            kids.filterNotNull()
+          }
+    
+    
+          internal override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R =
+              visitor.visitRexOpExcept(this, ctx)
+    
+          internal companion object {
+            @JvmStatic
+            internal fun builder(): RexOpExceptBuilder = RexOpExceptBuilder()
+          }
+        }
 
         internal data class Err(
             @JvmField internal val message: String,
@@ -952,60 +1033,78 @@ internal data class Rel(
         }
 
         internal data class Union(
-            @JvmField internal val lhs: Rel,
-            @JvmField internal val rhs: Rel,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val setq: SetQuantifier,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val lhs: Rel,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val rhs: Rel,
         ) : Op() {
-            override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
-                val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
-                kids.add(lhs)
-                kids.add(rhs)
-                kids.filterNotNull()
-            }
-
-            override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R = visitor.visitRelOpUnion(this, ctx)
-
-            internal companion object {
-                @JvmStatic
-                internal fun builder(): RelOpUnionBuilder = RelOpUnionBuilder()
-            }
+          internal override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
+            val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
+            kids.add(lhs)
+            kids.add(rhs)
+            kids.filterNotNull()
+          }
+    
+    
+          internal override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R =
+              visitor.visitRelOpUnion(this, ctx)
+    
+          internal companion object {
+            @JvmStatic
+            internal fun builder(): RelOpUnionBuilder = RelOpUnionBuilder()
+          }
         }
-
+    
         internal data class Intersect(
-            @JvmField internal val lhs: Rel,
-            @JvmField internal val rhs: Rel,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val setq: SetQuantifier,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val lhs: Rel,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val rhs: Rel,
         ) : Op() {
-            override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
-                val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
-                kids.add(lhs)
-                kids.add(rhs)
-                kids.filterNotNull()
-            }
-
-            override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R = visitor.visitRelOpIntersect(this, ctx)
-
-            internal companion object {
-                @JvmStatic
-                internal fun builder(): RelOpIntersectBuilder = RelOpIntersectBuilder()
-            }
+          internal override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
+            val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
+            kids.add(lhs)
+            kids.add(rhs)
+            kids.filterNotNull()
+          }
+    
+    
+          internal override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R =
+              visitor.visitRelOpIntersect(this, ctx)
+    
+          internal companion object {
+            @JvmStatic
+            internal fun builder(): RelOpIntersectBuilder = RelOpIntersectBuilder()
+          }
         }
-
+    
         internal data class Except(
-            @JvmField internal val lhs: Rel,
-            @JvmField internal val rhs: Rel,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val setq: SetQuantifier,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val lhs: Rel,
+          @JvmField
+          internal val rhs: Rel,
         ) : Op() {
-            override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
-                val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
-                kids.add(lhs)
-                kids.add(rhs)
-                kids.filterNotNull()
-            }
-
-            override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R = visitor.visitRelOpExcept(this, ctx)
-
-            internal companion object {
-                @JvmStatic
-                internal fun builder(): RelOpExceptBuilder = RelOpExceptBuilder()
-            }
+          internal override val children: List<PlanNode> by lazy {
+            val kids = mutableListOf<PlanNode?>()
+            kids.add(lhs)
+            kids.add(rhs)
+            kids.filterNotNull()
+          }
+    
+    
+          internal override fun <R, C> accept(visitor: PlanVisitor<R, C>, ctx: C): R =
+              visitor.visitRelOpExcept(this, ctx)
+    
+          internal companion object {
+            @JvmStatic
+            internal fun builder(): RelOpExceptBuilder = RelOpExceptBuilder()
+          }
         }
 
         internal data class Limit(
@@ -1281,3 +1380,8 @@ internal data class Rel(
         internal fun builder(): RelBuilder = RelBuilder()
     }
 }
+
+internal enum class SetQuantifier {
+    ALL,
+    DISTINCT,
+}
diff --git a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/PlanTransform.kt b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/PlanTransform.kt
index a814cc7a35..01940d40c4 100644
--- a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/PlanTransform.kt
+++ b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/PlanTransform.kt
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.Identifier
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.PartiQLPlan
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.Rel
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.Rex
+import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.Statement
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.visitor.PlanBaseVisitor
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.utils.PlanUtils
@@ -236,6 +237,24 @@ internal object PlanTransform : PlanBaseVisitor<PlanNode, ProblemCallback>() {
         override fun visitRexOpTupleUnion(node: Rex.Op.TupleUnion, ctx: ProblemCallback) =
             org.partiql.plan.Rex.Op.TupleUnion(args = node.args.map { visitRex(it, ctx) })
 
+        override fun visitRexOpExcept(node: Rex.Op.Except, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rex.Op.Except(
+            lhs = visitRex(node.lhs, ctx),
+            rhs = visitRex(node.rhs, ctx),
+            setq = visitSetQuantifier(node.setq)
+        )
+
+        override fun visitRexOpIntersect(node: Rex.Op.Intersect, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rex.Op.Intersect(
+            lhs = visitRex(node.lhs, ctx),
+            rhs = visitRex(node.rhs, ctx),
+            setq = visitSetQuantifier(node.setq)
+        )
+
+        override fun visitRexOpUnion(node: Rex.Op.Union, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rex.Op.Union(
+            lhs = visitRex(node.lhs, ctx),
+            rhs = visitRex(node.rhs, ctx),
+            setq = visitSetQuantifier(node.setq)
+        )
+
         override fun visitRexOpErr(node: Rex.Op.Err, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rex.Op.Err(node.message)
 
         // RELATION OPERATORS
@@ -296,21 +315,29 @@ internal object PlanTransform : PlanBaseVisitor<PlanNode, ProblemCallback>() {
             }
         )
 
-        override fun visitRelOpUnion(node: Rel.Op.Union, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rel.Op.Union(
+        override fun visitRelOpExcept(node: Rel.Op.Except, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rel.Op.Except(
             lhs = visitRel(node.lhs, ctx),
             rhs = visitRel(node.rhs, ctx),
+            setq = visitSetQuantifier(node.setq)
         )
 
         override fun visitRelOpIntersect(node: Rel.Op.Intersect, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rel.Op.Intersect(
             lhs = visitRel(node.lhs, ctx),
             rhs = visitRel(node.rhs, ctx),
+            setq = visitSetQuantifier(node.setq)
         )
 
-        override fun visitRelOpExcept(node: Rel.Op.Except, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rel.Op.Except(
+        override fun visitRelOpUnion(node: Rel.Op.Union, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rel.Op.Union(
             lhs = visitRel(node.lhs, ctx),
             rhs = visitRel(node.rhs, ctx),
+            setq = visitSetQuantifier(node.setq)
         )
 
+        private fun visitSetQuantifier(node: SetQuantifier) = when (node) {
+            SetQuantifier.ALL -> org.partiql.plan.SetQuantifier.ALL
+            SetQuantifier.DISTINCT -> org.partiql.plan.SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+        }
+
         override fun visitRelOpLimit(node: Rel.Op.Limit, ctx: ProblemCallback) = org.partiql.plan.Rel.Op.Limit(
             input = visitRel(node.input, ctx),
             limit = visitRex(node.limit, ctx),
diff --git a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RelConverter.kt b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RelConverter.kt
index 73cba006fc..9d6fe42a22 100644
--- a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RelConverter.kt
+++ b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RelConverter.kt
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpAggregate
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpAggregateCall
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpDistinct
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpErr
-import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExcept
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExclude
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExcludeItem
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExcludeStepCollIndex
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExcludeStepCollWildcard
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExcludeStepStructField
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpExcludeStepStructWildcard
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpFilter
-import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpIntersect
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpJoin
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpLimit
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpOffset
@@ -57,7 +55,6 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpScan
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpScanIndexed
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpSort
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpSortSpec
-import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpUnion
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relOpUnpivot
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.relType
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rex
@@ -75,7 +72,7 @@ import org.partiql.value.boolValue
 internal object RelConverter {
 
     // IGNORE — so we don't have to non-null assert on operator inputs
-    private val nil = rel(relType(emptyList(), emptySet()), relOpErr("nil"))
+    internal val nil = rel(relType(emptyList(), emptySet()), relOpErr("nil"))
 
     /**
      * Here we convert an SFW to composed [Rel]s, then apply the appropriate relation-value projection to get a [Rex].
@@ -123,7 +120,7 @@ internal object RelConverter {
     private fun Expr.toRex(env: Env): Rex = RexConverter.apply(this, env)
 
     @Suppress("PARAMETER_NAME_CHANGED_ON_OVERRIDE", "LocalVariableName")
-    private class ToRel(private val env: Env) : AstBaseVisitor<Rel, Rel>() {
+    internal class ToRel(private val env: Env) : AstBaseVisitor<Rel, Rel>() {
 
         override fun defaultReturn(node: AstNode, input: Rel): Rel =
             throw IllegalArgumentException("unsupported rel $node")
@@ -163,6 +160,35 @@ internal object RelConverter {
             return rel
         }
 
+        // Create a SQL set op
+        override fun visitExprBagOp(node: Expr.BagOp, ctx: Rel): Rel {
+            // Assumes parser correctly only allows Expr.SFW or other Expr.BagOps with Expr.SFW arguments when
+            // converting to the SQL set op
+            assert(node.lhs is Expr.SFW || node.lhs is Expr.BagOp) {
+                "Expect LHS of bag op to be a Expr.SFW or a Expr.BagOp. " +
+                    "However, it is ${node.lhs}."
+            }
+            assert(node.rhs is Expr.SFW || node.rhs is Expr.BagOp) {
+                "Expect RHS of bag op to be a Expr.SFW or a Expr.BagOp. " +
+                    "However, it is ${node.lhs}."
+            }
+            val setq = when (node.type.setq) {
+                SetQuantifier.ALL -> org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier.ALL
+                null, SetQuantifier.DISTINCT -> org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+            }
+            val lhsRel = visitExpr(node.lhs, ctx)
+            val rhsRel = visitExpr(node.rhs, ctx)
+            val op = when (node.type.type) {
+                SetOp.Type.UNION -> Rel.Op.Union(setq, lhsRel, rhsRel)
+                SetOp.Type.EXCEPT -> Rel.Op.Except(setq, lhsRel, rhsRel)
+                SetOp.Type.INTERSECT -> Rel.Op.Intersect(setq, lhsRel, rhsRel)
+            }
+            return Rel(
+                type = nil.type,
+                op = op
+            )
+        }
+
         /**
          * Given a non-null [setQuantifier], this will return a [Rel] of [Rel.Op.Distinct] wrapping the [input].
          * If [setQuantifier] is null or ALL, this will return the [input].
@@ -407,9 +433,6 @@ internal object RelConverter {
 
         /**
          * Append SQL set operator if present
-         *
-         * TODO combine/compare schemas
-         * TODO set quantifier
          */
         private fun convertSetOp(input: Rel, setOp: Expr.SFW.SetOp?): Rel {
             if (setOp == null) {
@@ -418,10 +441,14 @@ internal object RelConverter {
             val type = input.type.copy(props = emptySet())
             val lhs = input
             val rhs = visitExprSFW(setOp.operand, nil)
+            val quantifier = when (setOp.type.setq) {
+                SetQuantifier.ALL -> org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier.ALL
+                null, SetQuantifier.DISTINCT -> org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+            }
             val op = when (setOp.type.type) {
-                SetOp.Type.UNION -> relOpUnion(lhs, rhs)
-                SetOp.Type.INTERSECT -> relOpIntersect(lhs, rhs)
-                SetOp.Type.EXCEPT -> relOpExcept(lhs, rhs)
+                SetOp.Type.UNION -> Rel.Op.Union(quantifier, lhs, rhs)
+                SetOp.Type.EXCEPT -> Rel.Op.Except(quantifier, lhs, rhs)
+                SetOp.Type.INTERSECT -> Rel.Op.Intersect(quantifier, lhs, rhs)
             }
             return rel(type, op)
         }
diff --git a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RexConverter.kt b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RexConverter.kt
index f7501d2768..3f054a518a 100644
--- a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RexConverter.kt
+++ b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/transforms/RexConverter.kt
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package org.partiql.planner.internal.transforms
 import org.partiql.ast.AstNode
 import org.partiql.ast.DatetimeField
 import org.partiql.ast.Expr
+import org.partiql.ast.SetOp
+import org.partiql.ast.SetQuantifier
 import org.partiql.ast.Type
 import org.partiql.ast.visitor.AstBaseVisitor
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.Env
@@ -41,7 +43,9 @@ import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rexOpStruct
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rexOpStructField
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rexOpSubquery
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rexOpTupleUnion
+import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rexOpVarResolved
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.rexOpVarUnresolved
+import org.partiql.planner.internal.transforms.RelConverter.nil
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.typer.toNonNullStaticType
 import org.partiql.planner.internal.typer.toStaticType
 import org.partiql.types.StaticType
@@ -631,6 +635,40 @@ internal object RexConverter {
 
         override fun visitExprSFW(node: Expr.SFW, context: Env): Rex = RelConverter.apply(node, context)
 
+        override fun visitExprBagOp(node: Expr.BagOp, ctx: Env): Rex {
+            if (node.outer == true) {
+                // PartiQL bag op; create bag op rex
+                val lhs = visitExpr(node.lhs, ctx)
+                val rhs = visitExpr(node.rhs, ctx)
+                val setq = when (node.type.setq) {
+                    SetQuantifier.ALL -> org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier.ALL
+                    null, SetQuantifier.DISTINCT -> org.partiql.planner.internal.ir.SetQuantifier.DISTINCT
+                }
+                val op = when (node.type.type) {
+                    SetOp.Type.UNION -> Rex.Op.Union(setq, lhs, rhs)
+                    SetOp.Type.EXCEPT -> Rex.Op.Except(setq, lhs, rhs)
+                    SetOp.Type.INTERSECT -> Rex.Op.Intersect(setq, lhs, rhs)
+                }
+                return Rex(
+                    type = StaticType.ANY,
+                    op = op
+                )
+            } else {
+                // SQL set op; create set op rel
+                val rel = node.accept(RelConverter.ToRel(ctx), nil)
+                return Rex(
+                    type = StaticType.ANY,
+                    op = Rex.Op.Select(
+                        constructor = Rex(
+                            StaticType.ANY,
+                            rexOpVarResolved(0)
+                        ),
+                        rel = rel
+                    )
+                )
+            }
+        }
+
         // Helpers
 
         private fun bool(v: Boolean): Rex {
diff --git a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/typer/PlanTyper.kt b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/typer/PlanTyper.kt
index 199caf2027..55c023e6b4 100644
--- a/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/typer/PlanTyper.kt
+++ b/partiql-planner/src/main/kotlin/org/partiql/planner/internal/typer/PlanTyper.kt
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ import org.partiql.value.TextValue
 import org.partiql.value.boolValue
 import org.partiql.value.missingValue
 import org.partiql.value.stringValue
+import kotlin.math.max
 
 /**
  * Rewrites an untyped algebraic translation of the query to be both typed and have resolved variables.
@@ -241,16 +242,88 @@ internal class PlanTyper(
             return rel(type, op)
         }
 
-        override fun visitRelOpUnion(node: Rel.Op.Union, ctx: Rel.Type?): Rel {
-            TODO("Type RelOp Union")
+        override fun visitRelOpExcept(node: Rel.Op.Except, ctx: Rel.Type?): Rel {
+            val lhs = visitRel(node.lhs, node.lhs.type)
+            val rhs = visitRel(node.rhs, node.rhs.type)
+            // Check for Compatibility
+            if (!setOpSchemaSizesMatch(lhs, rhs)) {
+                return createRelErrForSetOpMismatchSizes()
+            }
+            if (!setOpSchemaTypesMatch(lhs, rhs)) {
+                return createRelErrForSetOpMismatchTypes()
+            }
+            // Compute Schema
+            val type = Rel.Type(lhs.type.schema, props = emptySet())
+            return Rel(type, node.copy(lhs = lhs, rhs = rhs))
         }
 
         override fun visitRelOpIntersect(node: Rel.Op.Intersect, ctx: Rel.Type?): Rel {
-            TODO("Type RelOp Intersect")
+            val lhs = visitRel(node.lhs, node.lhs.type)
+            val rhs = visitRel(node.rhs, node.rhs.type)
+            // Check for Compatibility
+            if (!setOpSchemaSizesMatch(lhs, rhs)) {
+                return createRelErrForSetOpMismatchSizes()
+            }
+            if (!setOpSchemaTypesMatch(lhs, rhs)) {
+                return createRelErrForSetOpMismatchTypes()
+            }
+            // Compute Schema
+            val type = Rel.Type(lhs.type.schema, props = emptySet())
+            return Rel(type, node.copy(lhs = lhs, rhs = rhs))
         }
 
-        override fun visitRelOpExcept(node: Rel.Op.Except, ctx: Rel.Type?): Rel {
-            TODO("Type RelOp Except")
+        override fun visitRelOpUnion(node: Rel.Op.Union, ctx: Rel.Type?): Rel {
+            val lhs = visitRel(node.lhs, node.lhs.type)
+            val rhs = visitRel(node.rhs, node.rhs.type)
+            // Check for Compatibility
+            if (!setOpSchemaSizesMatch(lhs, rhs)) {
+                return createRelErrForSetOpMismatchSizes()
+            }
+            if (!setOpSchemaTypesMatch(lhs, rhs)) {
+                return createRelErrForSetOpMismatchTypes()
+            }
+            // Compute Schema
+            val size = max(lhs.type.schema.size, rhs.type.schema.size)
+            val schema = List(size) {
+                val lhsBinding = lhs.type.schema.getOrNull(it) ?: Rel.Binding("_$it", MISSING)
+                val rhsBinding = rhs.type.schema.getOrNull(it) ?: Rel.Binding("_$it", MISSING)
+                val bindingName = when (lhsBinding.name == rhsBinding.name) {
+                    true -> lhsBinding.name
+                    false -> "_$it"
+                }
+                Rel.Binding(bindingName, unionOf(lhsBinding.type, rhsBinding.type).flatten())
+            }
+            val type = Rel.Type(schema, props = emptySet())
+            return Rel(type, node.copy(lhs = lhs, rhs = rhs))
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return whether each type of the [lhs] is comparable to its counterpart on the [rhs]
+         * @param lhs should be typed already
+         * @param rhs should be typed already
+         */
+        private fun setOpSchemaTypesMatch(lhs: Rel, rhs: Rel): Boolean {
+            // TODO: [RFC-0007](https://github.com/partiql/partiql-lang/blob/main/RFCs/0007-rfc-bag-operators.md)
+            //  states that the types must be "comparable". For now, we will always return true. In the future, we need
+            //  to add support for checking comparable types.
+            return true
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @return whether the [lhs] and [rhs] schemas are of equal size
+         * @param lhs should be typed already
+         * @param rhs should be typed already
+         */
+        private fun setOpSchemaSizesMatch(lhs: Rel, rhs: Rel): Boolean {
+            return lhs.type.schema.size == rhs.type.schema.size
+        }
+
+        private fun createRelErrForSetOpMismatchSizes(): Rel {
+            return Rel(Rel.Type(emptyList(), emptySet()), Rel.Op.Err("LHS and RHS of SET OP do not have the same number of bindings."))
+        }
+
+        private fun createRelErrForSetOpMismatchTypes(): Rel {
+            return Rel(Rel.Type(emptyList(), emptySet()), Rel.Op.Err("LHS and RHS of SET OP do not have the same type."))
         }
 
         override fun visitRelOpLimit(node: Rel.Op.Limit, ctx: Rel.Type?): Rel {
@@ -435,6 +508,30 @@ internal class PlanTyper(
 
         override fun visitRex(node: Rex, ctx: StaticType?): Rex = visitRexOp(node.op, node.type) as Rex
 
+        override fun visitRexOpUnion(node: Rex.Op.Union, ctx: StaticType?): Rex {
+            val lhs = visitRex(node.lhs, node.lhs.type)
+            val rhs = visitRex(node.rhs, node.rhs.type)
+            // Compute Schema
+            val type = unionOf(lhs.type, rhs.type).flatten()
+            return Rex(type, node.copy(lhs = lhs, rhs = rhs))
+        }
+
+        override fun visitRexOpExcept(node: Rex.Op.Except, ctx: StaticType?): Rex {
+            val lhs = visitRex(node.lhs, node.lhs.type)
+            val rhs = visitRex(node.rhs, node.rhs.type)
+            // Compute Schema
+            val type = unionOf(lhs.type, rhs.type).flatten()
+            return Rex(type, node.copy(lhs = lhs, rhs = rhs))
+        }
+
+        override fun visitRexOpIntersect(node: Rex.Op.Intersect, ctx: StaticType?): Rex {
+            val lhs = visitRex(node.lhs, node.lhs.type)
+            val rhs = visitRex(node.rhs, node.rhs.type)
+            // Compute Schema
+            val type = unionOf(lhs.type, rhs.type).flatten()
+            return Rex(type, node.copy(lhs = lhs, rhs = rhs))
+        }
+
         override fun visitRexOpLit(node: Rex.Op.Lit, ctx: StaticType?): Rex {
             // type comes from RexConverter
             return rex(ctx!!, node)
diff --git a/partiql-planner/src/main/resources/partiql_plan_internal.ion b/partiql-planner/src/main/resources/partiql_plan_internal.ion
index 667922ed6a..75779e5a3f 100644
--- a/partiql-planner/src/main/resources/partiql_plan_internal.ion
+++ b/partiql-planner/src/main/resources/partiql_plan_internal.ion
@@ -84,6 +84,12 @@ identifier::[
   ],
 ]
 
+// [ ALL | DISTINCT ]
+set_quantifier::[
+  ALL,
+  DISTINCT,
+]
+
 // Rex
 rex::{
   type: static_type,
@@ -210,6 +216,25 @@ rex::{
       args: list::[rex],
     },
 
+    // PartiQL bag ops
+    union::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
+      lhs: rex,
+      rhs: rex,
+    },
+
+    intersect::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
+      lhs: rex,
+      rhs: rex,
+    },
+
+    except::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
+      lhs: rex,
+      rhs: rex,
+    },
+
     err::{
       message: string,
     },
@@ -263,17 +288,21 @@ rel::{
       ],
     },
 
+    // SQL set ops
     union::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
       lhs: rel,
       rhs: rel,
     },
 
     intersect::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
       lhs: rel,
       rhs: rel,
     },
 
     except::{
+      setq: set_quantifier,
       lhs: rel,
       rhs: rel,
     },