diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index cd135d16f1d3b..2509a54917daa 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 [[package]]
 name = "aho-corasick"
-version = "0.6.3"
+version = "0.6.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "memchr 1.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "memchr 2.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11,13 +11,18 @@ name = "ansi_term"
 version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ansi_term"
+version = "0.10.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrayvec"
-version = "0.3.24"
+version = "0.3.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "nodrop 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "odds 0.2.25 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "odds 0.2.26 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -35,27 +40,24 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "atty"
-version = "0.2.3"
+version = "0.2.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "termion 1.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "backtrace"
-version = "0.3.4"
+version = "0.3.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "backtrace-sys 0.1.16 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "cfg-if 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "dbghelp-sys 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-demangle 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -63,8 +65,8 @@ name = "backtrace-sys"
 version = "0.1.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "cc 1.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "cc 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -72,7 +74,16 @@ name = "base64"
 version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "safemem 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "base64"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "safemem 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -81,9 +92,9 @@ name = "bigint"
 version = "4.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "crunchy 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "heapsize 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -93,11 +104,6 @@ name = "bitflags"
 version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "bitflags"
-version = "0.9.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -114,21 +120,21 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "byteorder"
-version = "1.1.0"
+version = "1.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
-version = "0.4.5"
+version = "0.4.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "iovec 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "iovec 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.0.3"
+version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -138,13 +144,13 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
-version = "2.27.1"
+version = "2.29.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "ansi_term 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "atty 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bitflags 0.9.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "strsim 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ansi_term 0.10.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "atty 0.2.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bitflags 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "strsim 0.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "textwrap 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "unicode-width 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "vec_map 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -167,7 +173,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -175,15 +181,6 @@ name = "crunchy"
 version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "dbghelp-sys"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi-build 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "difference"
 version = "1.0.0"
@@ -194,9 +191,19 @@ name = "dtoa"
 version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ed25519"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
+ "ring 0.12.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "untrusted 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "edit-distance"
-version = "2.0.0"
+version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -209,7 +216,7 @@ name = "elastic-array"
 version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "heapsize 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -217,8 +224,8 @@ name = "env_logger"
 version = "0.4.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex 0.2.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -230,31 +237,29 @@ name = "error-chain"
 version = "0.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "backtrace 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "backtrace 0.3.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "eth-secp256k1"
-version = "0.5.6"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-secp256k1#b6b67055edc929057e97d64f036c78ad91f58a7f"
+version = "0.5.7"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-secp256k1#c1fc9daedee67e1b4028ad1b3669275ed49c22cf"
 dependencies = [
- "arrayvec 0.3.24 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "gcc 0.3.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "arrayvec 0.4.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "cc 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-serialize 0.3.24 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "ethcore-bigint"
-version = "0.2.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+name = "ethbloom"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "bigint 4.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "plain_hasher 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "crunchy 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "fixed-hash 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tiny-keccak 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -263,17 +268,17 @@ version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "bigint 4.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "heapsize 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "plain_hasher 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethcore-bytes"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethcore-bytes"
@@ -283,29 +288,29 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 [[package]]
 name = "ethcore-io"
 version = "1.9.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 dependencies = [
- "crossbeam 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "mio 0.6.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "crossbeam 0.3.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "mio 0.6.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot 0.5.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "slab 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethcore-logger"
 version = "1.9.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 dependencies = [
- "ansi_term 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ansi_term 0.10.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "arrayvec 0.4.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "env_logger 0.4.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "isatty 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "isatty 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot 0.5.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex 0.2.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "time 0.1.39 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -314,87 +319,111 @@ version = "1.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "ansi_term 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "arrayvec 0.3.24 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "arrayvec 0.3.25 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "env_logger 0.4.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "isatty 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "isatty 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex 0.2.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "time 0.1.39 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethcore-network"
 version = "1.9.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 dependencies = [
- "ansi_term 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bytes 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ansi_term 0.10.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bytes 0.4.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "ethcore-bytes 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "ethcore-io 1.9.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "ethcore-logger 1.9.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "ethcrypto 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
+ "ethereum-types 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethkey 0.3.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "igd 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ipnetwork 0.12.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "keccak-hash 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "mio 0.6.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "mio 0.6.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot 0.5.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "path 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rlp 0.2.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "rust-crypto 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_json 1.0.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_derive 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_json 1.0.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "slab 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "snappy 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-snappy)",
- "time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tiny-keccak 1.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "time 0.1.39 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tiny-keccak 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethcrypto"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
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 dependencies = [
- "eth-secp256k1 0.5.6 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-secp256k1)",
- "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
+ "eth-secp256k1 0.5.7 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-secp256k1)",
+ "ethereum-types 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethkey 0.3.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "rust-crypto 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "subtle 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tiny-keccak 1.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tiny-keccak 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethereum-types"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "crunchy 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ethbloom 0.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "fixed-hash 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "uint 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ethkey"
 version = "0.3.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
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- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "edit-distance 2.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "eth-secp256k1 0.5.6 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-secp256k1)",
- "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "edit-distance 2.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "eth-secp256k1 0.5.7 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-secp256k1)",
+ "ethereum-types 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "parity-wordlist 1.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rust-crypto 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tiny-keccak 1.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tiny-keccak 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fixed-hash"
-version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/primitives.git#940a287e1e2c0a899ce27926d206c4c2925d009d"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rphmeier/primitives.git?branch=compile-for-wasm#8dc457899afdaf968ff7f16140b03d1e37b01d71"
+dependencies = [
+ "rand 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "fixed-hash"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -405,32 +434,30 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fuchsia-zircon"
-version = "0.2.1"
+version = "0.3.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "fuchsia-zircon-sys 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bitflags 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "fuchsia-zircon-sys 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fuchsia-zircon-sys"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.3.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags 0.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "futures"
-version = "0.1.17"
+version = "0.1.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-cpupool"
-version = "0.1.7"
+version = "0.1.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "num_cpus 1.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "num_cpus 1.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -443,14 +470,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "globset"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "aho-corasick 0.6.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "aho-corasick 0.6.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "fnv 1.0.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "memchr 1.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "memchr 2.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex 0.2.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -464,10 +491,10 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "heapsize"
-version = "0.4.1"
+version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -489,7 +516,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "httparse"
-version = "1.2.3"
+version = "1.2.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -498,12 +525,12 @@ version = "0.10.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "httparse 1.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "httparse 1.2.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "language-tags 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "mime 0.2.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "num_cpus 1.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "num_cpus 1.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "time 0.1.39 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "traitobject 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "typeable 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "unicase 1.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -512,21 +539,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper"
-version = "0.11.7"
+version = "0.11.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "bytes 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "futures-cpupool 0.1.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "httparse 1.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "base64 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bytes 0.4.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures-cpupool 0.1.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "httparse 1.2.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "iovec 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "language-tags 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "mime 0.3.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "percent-encoding 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "relay 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tokio-core 0.1.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "relay 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "time 0.1.39 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tokio-core 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-io 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-proto 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-service 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -549,18 +577,18 @@ version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "hyper 0.10.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex 0.2.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "xml-rs 0.3.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "xmltree 0.3.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "iovec"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -571,11 +599,12 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "isatty"
-version = "0.1.5"
+version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "termion 1.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -594,25 +623,25 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "jsonrpc-core"
-version = "8.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#0eba7e745b0895b4234cd8d89b28e10e2c3c34a4"
+version = "8.0.1"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#d1e2cc48d962510328f7373509fb494a85dbeae8"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_derive 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_json 1.0.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_derive 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_json 1.0.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "jsonrpc-http-server"
 version = "8.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#0eba7e745b0895b4234cd8d89b28e10e2c3c34a4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#d1e2cc48d962510328f7373509fb494a85dbeae8"
 dependencies = [
- "hyper 0.11.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "jsonrpc-core 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
+ "hyper 0.11.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "jsonrpc-core 8.0.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
  "jsonrpc-server-utils 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "net2 0.2.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "unicase 2.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -620,44 +649,44 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "jsonrpc-macros"
 version = "8.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#0eba7e745b0895b4234cd8d89b28e10e2c3c34a4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#d1e2cc48d962510328f7373509fb494a85dbeae8"
 dependencies = [
- "jsonrpc-core 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
+ "jsonrpc-core 8.0.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
  "jsonrpc-pubsub 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "jsonrpc-pubsub"
 version = "8.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#0eba7e745b0895b4234cd8d89b28e10e2c3c34a4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#d1e2cc48d962510328f7373509fb494a85dbeae8"
 dependencies = [
- "jsonrpc-core 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "jsonrpc-core 8.0.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot 0.5.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "jsonrpc-server-utils"
 version = "8.0.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#0eba7e745b0895b4234cd8d89b28e10e2c3c34a4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git#d1e2cc48d962510328f7373509fb494a85dbeae8"
 dependencies = [
- "bytes 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "globset 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "jsonrpc-core 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tokio-core 0.1.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bytes 0.4.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "globset 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "jsonrpc-core 8.0.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tokio-core 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-io 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "keccak-hash"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 dependencies = [
- "cc 1.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "tiny-keccak 1.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "cc 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ethereum-types 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tiny-keccak 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -665,9 +694,9 @@ name = "keccak-hash"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "cc 1.0.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "cc 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tiny-keccak 1.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tiny-keccak 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -686,7 +715,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lazy_static"
-version = "0.2.10"
+version = "0.2.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -696,18 +725,29 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lazycell"
-version = "0.5.1"
+version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.33"
+version = "0.2.36"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
-version = "0.3.8"
+version = "0.3.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "log 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "log"
+version = "0.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "matches"
@@ -716,10 +756,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "memchr"
-version = "1.0.2"
+version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -731,7 +771,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "elastic-array 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "hashdb 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "heapsize 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "keccak-hash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rlp 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -741,7 +781,7 @@ name = "mime"
 version = "0.2.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -754,16 +794,16 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
-version = "0.6.11"
+version = "0.6.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "fuchsia-zircon 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "fuchsia-zircon-sys 0.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "iovec 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "fuchsia-zircon 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "fuchsia-zircon-sys 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "iovec 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazycell 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazycell 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "miow 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "net2 0.2.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "slab 0.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -786,8 +826,10 @@ name = "native-runtime"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "hex-literal 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "runtime-std 0.1.0",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-runtime-codec 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-runtime-std 0.1.0",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -798,7 +840,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ws2_32-sys 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -810,20 +852,20 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
-version = "0.1.40"
+version = "0.1.42"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "num_cpus"
-version = "1.7.0"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "odds"
-version = "0.2.25"
+version = "0.2.26"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -839,8 +881,8 @@ name = "parity-wasm"
 version = "0.15.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -850,8 +892,8 @@ version = "1.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "itertools 0.5.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -860,7 +902,7 @@ version = "0.4.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "owning_ref 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot_core 0.2.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot_core 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -869,25 +911,24 @@ version = "0.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "owning_ref 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot_core 0.2.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "parking_lot_core 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "parking_lot_core"
-version = "0.2.6"
+version = "0.2.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "smallvec 0.4.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "smallvec 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "path"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "patricia-trie"
@@ -900,9 +941,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "ethcore-logger 1.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "hashdb 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "keccak-hash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "memorydb 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rlp 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "triehash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -912,14 +953,6 @@ name = "percent-encoding"
 version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "plain_hasher"
-version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
-dependencies = [
- "crunchy 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "plain_hasher"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -941,7 +974,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "polkadot-candidate-agreement"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-timer 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -950,10 +983,10 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "polkadot-cli"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "clap 2.27.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "clap 2.29.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "env_logger 0.4.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "polkadot-client 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-executor 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
@@ -964,13 +997,15 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "polkadot-client"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "ed25519 0.1.0",
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "hex-literal 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "native-runtime 0.1.0",
  "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "polkadot-executor 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-runtime-codec 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-serializer 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-state-machine 0.1.0",
  "triehash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -980,7 +1015,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "polkadot-collator"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
 ]
 
@@ -989,19 +1024,21 @@ name = "polkadot-executor"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "assert_matches 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ed25519 0.1.0",
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "hex-literal 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "native-runtime 0.1.0",
  "parity-wasm 0.15.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-runtime-codec 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-runtime-std 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-serializer 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-state-machine 0.1.0",
- "runtime-std 0.1.0",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_derive 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_derive 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "triehash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -1014,19 +1051,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethcore-io 1.9.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
  "ethcore-network 1.9.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "heapsize 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ipnetwork 0.12.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "parking_lot 0.4.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "polkadot-client 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-serializer 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-state-machine 0.1.0",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "semver 0.6.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_derive 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_json 1.0.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_derive 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_json 1.0.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "smallvec 0.4.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -1035,18 +1072,17 @@ name = "polkadot-primitives"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "blake2-rfc 0.2.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "crunchy 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "fixed-hash 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/primitives.git)",
+ "fixed-hash 0.1.3 (git+https://github.com/rphmeier/primitives.git?branch=compile-for-wasm)",
+ "polkadot-runtime-codec 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-serializer 0.1.0",
- "pretty_assertions 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ring 0.12.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_derive 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "pretty_assertions 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc-hex 2.0.0 (git+https://github.com/rphmeier/rustc-hex.git)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_derive 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "twox-hash 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "uint 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/primitives.git)",
- "untrusted 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "uint 0.1.2 (git+https://github.com/rphmeier/primitives.git?branch=compile-for-wasm)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1055,7 +1091,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "assert_matches 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "jsonrpc-core 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
+ "jsonrpc-core 8.0.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
  "jsonrpc-macros 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
  "polkadot-client 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-executor 0.1.0",
@@ -1067,24 +1103,43 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "polkadot-rpc-servers"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "jsonrpc-core 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
+ "jsonrpc-core 8.0.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
  "jsonrpc-http-server 8.0.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git)",
  "polkadot-rpc 0.1.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "polkadot-runtime-codec"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "polkadot-runtime-std"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "ed25519 0.1.0",
+ "environmental 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-runtime-codec 0.1.0",
+ "polkadot-state-machine 0.1.0",
+ "pwasm-alloc 0.1.0",
+ "pwasm-libc 0.1.0",
+ "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "triehash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "polkadot-serializer"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_json 1.0.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_json 1.0.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "polkadot-state-machine"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "hashdb 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "hex-literal 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "memorydb 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -1100,12 +1155,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "error-chain 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
  "polkadot-serializer 0.1.0",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pretty_assertions"
-version = "0.4.0"
+version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "ansi_term 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -1125,6 +1180,18 @@ name = "proc-macro-hack-impl"
 version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pwasm-alloc"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "pwasm-libc 0.1.0",
+ "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pwasm-libc"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
 version = "0.3.15"
@@ -1132,11 +1199,22 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
-version = "0.3.18"
+version = "0.3.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "fuchsia-zircon 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "fuchsia-zircon 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "fuchsia-zircon 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1153,15 +1231,15 @@ version = "1.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "coco 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "num_cpus 1.7.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "num_cpus 1.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "redox_syscall"
-version = "0.1.31"
+version = "0.1.37"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1169,32 +1247,32 @@ name = "redox_termios"
 version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "redox_syscall 0.1.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "redox_syscall 0.1.37 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex"
-version = "0.2.2"
+version = "0.2.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "aho-corasick 0.6.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "memchr 1.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "regex-syntax 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "thread_local 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "aho-corasick 0.6.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "memchr 2.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex-syntax 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "thread_local 0.3.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "utf8-ranges 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-syntax"
-version = "0.4.1"
+version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "relay"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1203,8 +1281,8 @@ version = "0.12.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "gcc 0.3.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rayon 0.8.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "untrusted 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -1212,12 +1290,12 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "rlp"
 version = "0.2.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#dde6baedeca4b2dccaf2eacfbd2453b3d191596e"
+source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git#0a7cebe316c4dea69cd619908246ae13816adfc8"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "elastic-array 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "ethereum-types 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -1226,35 +1304,23 @@ name = "rlp"
 version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "elastic-array 0.9.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethcore-bigint 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "runtime-std"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "environmental 0.1.0",
- "lazy_static 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "parking_lot 0.5.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
- "polkadot-state-machine 0.1.0",
- "triehash 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rust-crypto"
 version = "0.2.36"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "gcc 0.3.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-serialize 0.3.24 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "time 0.1.38 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "time 0.1.39 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1267,6 +1333,11 @@ name = "rustc-hex"
 version = "1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rustc-hex"
+version = "2.0.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rphmeier/rustc-hex.git#ee2ec40b9062ac7769ccb9dc891d6dc2cc9009d7"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc-serialize"
 version = "0.3.24"
@@ -1310,22 +1381,22 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.20"
+version = "1.0.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.20"
+version = "1.0.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "quote 0.3.15 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde_derive_internals 0.17.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde_derive_internals 0.19.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "syn 0.11.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive_internals"
-version = "0.17.0"
+version = "0.19.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "syn 0.11.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -1334,13 +1405,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.6"
+version = "1.0.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
  "dtoa 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "itoa 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "num-traits 0.1.40 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "serde 1.0.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "num-traits 0.1.42 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "serde 1.0.27 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1368,15 +1439,20 @@ name = "smallvec"
 version = "0.4.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "heapsize 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "smallvec"
+version = "0.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "snappy"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-snappy#858eac97192ea25d18d3f3626a8cc13ca0b175bb"
 dependencies = [
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "snappy-sys 0.1.0 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-snappy)",
 ]
 
@@ -1386,7 +1462,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-snappy#858eac97192ea25d18d3f3626a8cc13ca0b175bb"
 dependencies = [
  "gcc 0.3.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1396,7 +1472,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1404,7 +1480,7 @@ name = "subtle"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "num-traits 0.1.40 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "num-traits 0.1.42 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1435,8 +1511,8 @@ name = "termion"
 version = "1.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "redox_syscall 0.1.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "redox_syscall 0.1.37 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "redox_termios 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -1450,39 +1526,38 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thread_local"
-version = "0.3.4"
+version = "0.3.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "lazy_static 0.2.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "lazy_static 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "unreachable 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time"
-version = "0.1.38"
+version = "0.1.39"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "libc 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "redox_syscall 0.1.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "redox_syscall 0.1.37 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi 0.3.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tiny-keccak"
-version = "1.3.1"
+version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-core"
-version = "0.1.10"
+version = "0.1.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "bytes 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "iovec 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "mio 0.6.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bytes 0.4.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "iovec 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.4.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "mio 0.6.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "scoped-tls 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "slab 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-io 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -1493,9 +1568,9 @@ name = "tokio-io"
 version = "0.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "bytes 0.4.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "bytes 0.4.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1503,14 +1578,14 @@ name = "tokio-proto"
 version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "log 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "net2 0.2.31 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "slab 0.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "smallvec 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "take 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "tokio-core 0.1.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "tokio-core 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-io 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "tokio-service 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -1520,7 +1595,7 @@ name = "tokio-service"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1528,7 +1603,7 @@ name = "tokio-timer"
 version = "0.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "futures 0.1.17 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "futures 0.1.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "slab 0.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
@@ -1552,7 +1627,7 @@ name = "twox-hash"
 version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "rand 0.3.18 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rand 0.3.22 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1562,10 +1637,21 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uint"
-version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/paritytech/primitives.git#940a287e1e2c0a899ce27926d206c4c2925d009d"
+version = "0.1.2"
+source = "git+https://github.com/rphmeier/primitives.git?branch=compile-for-wasm#8dc457899afdaf968ff7f16140b03d1e37b01d71"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "uint"
+version = "0.1.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 dependencies = [
- "byteorder 1.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
@@ -1657,11 +1743,30 @@ name = "winapi"
 version = "0.2.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi"
+version = "0.3.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "winapi-build"
 version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ws2_32-sys"
 version = "0.2.1"
@@ -1693,39 +1798,39 @@ version = "0.3.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 
 [metadata]
-"checksum aho-corasick 0.6.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "500909c4f87a9e52355b26626d890833e9e1d53ac566db76c36faa984b889699"
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diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 99a0774da5410..2c4d8703e9aa7 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -15,14 +15,16 @@ members = [
 	"collator",
 	"environmental",
 	"executor",
+	"native-runtime",
+	"network",
 	"primitives",
+	"rpc-servers",
 	"rpc",
-	"rpc_servers",
-	"native-runtime",
+	"runtime-codec",
+	"runtime-std",
 	"serializer",
-	"state_machine",
+	"state-machine",
 	"validator",
-	"network",
 ]
 exclude = [
 	"wasm-runtime"
diff --git a/cli/Cargo.toml b/cli/Cargo.toml
index 64305642bfaa9..6d857023f79c1 100644
--- a/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ log = "0.3"
 polkadot-client = { path = "../client", version = "0.1" }
 polkadot-executor = { path = "../executor", version = "0.1" }
 polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives", version = "0.1" }
-polkadot-rpc-servers = { path = "../rpc_servers", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-rpc-servers = { path = "../rpc-servers", version = "0.1" }
diff --git a/client/Cargo.toml b/client/Cargo.toml
index 8e2f3f699ba3d..f8221bef8edd8 100644
--- a/client/Cargo.toml
+++ b/client/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@ error-chain = "0.11"
 log = "0.3"
 parking_lot = "0.4"
 polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives", version = "0.1" }
-polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state_machine", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state-machine", version = "0.1" }
 polkadot-serializer = { path = "../serializer" }
 polkadot-executor = { path = "../executor" }
+polkadot-runtime-codec = { path = "../runtime-codec", version = "0.1" }
 native-runtime = { path = "../native-runtime" }
 triehash = "0.1"
 hex-literal = "0.1"
+ed25519 = { path = "../ed25519", version = "0.1" }
diff --git a/client/src/backend.rs b/client/src/backend.rs
index 76422528e7688..2af11f3254d0e 100644
--- a/client/src/backend.rs
+++ b/client/src/backend.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 use state_machine;
 use error;
-use primitives::block;
+use primitives::relay::block;
 use blockchain::{self, BlockId};
 
 /// Block insertion transction. Keeps hold if the inseted block state and data.
diff --git a/client/src/blockchain.rs b/client/src/blockchain.rs
index d8881fe5cfd75..0b5e715731c41 100644
--- a/client/src/blockchain.rs
+++ b/client/src/blockchain.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 //! Polkadot blockchain trait
 
 use std::fmt::{Display, Formatter, Error as FmtError};
-use primitives::block;
+use primitives::relay::block;
 use error::Result;
 
 /// Block indentification.
diff --git a/client/src/genesis.rs b/client/src/genesis.rs
index cb6f5a6df3a0c..b2781668dd79d 100644
--- a/client/src/genesis.rs
+++ b/client/src/genesis.rs
@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@
 //! Tool for creating the genesis block.
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
-use native_runtime::primitives::{Block, Header};
+use primitives::relay::{Block, Header};
 use triehash::trie_root;
 
 /// Create a genesis block, given the initial storage.
 pub fn construct_genesis_block(storage: &HashMap<Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>>) -> Block {
-	let state_root = trie_root(storage.clone().into_iter()).0;
+	let state_root = trie_root(storage.clone().into_iter()).0.into();
 	let header = Header {
 		parent_hash: Default::default(),
 		number: 0,
 		state_root,
-		transaction_root: trie_root(vec![].into_iter()).0,
+		transaction_root: trie_root(vec![].into_iter()).0.into(),
 		digest: Default::default(),
 	};
 	Block {
@@ -39,19 +39,19 @@ pub fn construct_genesis_block(storage: &HashMap<Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>>) -> Block {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use native_runtime::codec::{Slicable, Joiner};
+	use codec::{Slicable, Joiner};
 	use native_runtime::support::{one, two, Hashable};
 	use native_runtime::runtime::genesismap::{GenesisConfig, additional_storage_with_genesis};
-	use native_runtime::primitives::{AccountID, Hash, BlockNumber, Transaction,
-			UncheckedTransaction, Digest, Function};
 	use state_machine::execute;
 	use state_machine::OverlayedChanges;
 	use state_machine::backend::InMemory;
 	use polkadot_executor::executor;
+	use primitives::{AccountId, Hash};
+	use primitives::relay::{BlockNumber, Header, Digest, UncheckedTransaction, Transaction, Function};
 	use primitives::contract::CallData;
-	use primitives::ed25519::Pair;
+	use ed25519::Pair;
 
-	fn secret_for(who: &AccountID) -> Option<Pair> {
+	fn secret_for(who: &AccountId) -> Option<Pair> {
 		match who {
 			x if *x == one() => Some(Pair::from_seed(b"12345678901234567890123456789012")),
 			x if *x == two() => Some("9d61b19deffd5a60ba844af492ec2cc44449c5697b326919703bac031cae7f60".into()),
@@ -64,12 +64,12 @@ mod tests {
 
 		let transactions = txs.into_iter().map(|transaction| {
 			let signature = secret_for(&transaction.signed).unwrap()
-				.sign(&transaction.to_vec())
-				.inner();
+				.sign(&transaction.to_vec());
+
 			UncheckedTransaction { transaction, signature }
 		}).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-		let transaction_root = ordered_trie_root(transactions.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec)).0;
+		let transaction_root = ordered_trie_root(transactions.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec)).0.into();
 
 		let mut header = Header {
 			parent_hash,
@@ -83,24 +83,26 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut overlay = OverlayedChanges::default();
 
 		for tx in transactions.iter() {
-			header = Header::from_slice(&execute(
+			let ret_data = execute(
 				backend,
 				&mut overlay,
 				&executor(),
 				"execute_transaction",
 				&CallData(vec![].join(&header).join(tx))
-			).unwrap()).unwrap();
+			).unwrap();
+			header = Header::from_slice(&mut &ret_data[..]).unwrap();
 		}
 
-		header = Header::from_slice(&execute(
+		let ret_data = execute(
 			backend,
 			&mut overlay,
 			&executor(),
 			"finalise_block",
 			&CallData(vec![].join(&header))
-		).unwrap()).unwrap();
+		).unwrap();
+		header = Header::from_slice(&mut &ret_data[..]).unwrap();
 
-		(vec![].join(&Block { header, transactions }), hash)
+		(vec![].join(&Block { header, transactions }), hash.into())
 	}
 
 	fn block1(genesis_hash: Hash, backend: &InMemory) -> (Vec<u8>, Hash) {
@@ -108,12 +110,11 @@ mod tests {
 			backend,
 			1,
 			genesis_hash,
-			hex!("25e5b37074063ab75c889326246640729b40d0c86932edc527bc80db0e04fe5c"),
+			hex!("25e5b37074063ab75c889326246640729b40d0c86932edc527bc80db0e04fe5c").into(),
 			vec![Transaction {
 				signed: one(),
 				nonce: 0,
-				function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&two()).join(&69u64),
+				function: Function::StakingTransfer(two(), 69),
 			}]
 		)
 	}
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ mod tests {
 			vec![one(), two()], 1000
 		).genesis_map();
 		let block = construct_genesis_block(&storage);
-		let genesis_hash = block.header.blake2_256();
+		let genesis_hash = block.header.blake2_256().into();
 		storage.extend(additional_storage_with_genesis(&block).into_iter());
 
 		let mut overlay = OverlayedChanges::default();
diff --git a/client/src/in_mem.rs b/client/src/in_mem.rs
index cd8d7da6f9fa5..c1f9d113a48c1 100644
--- a/client/src/in_mem.rs
+++ b/client/src/in_mem.rs
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ use error;
 use backend;
 use primitives;
 use ser;
-use primitives::block::{self, HeaderHash};
+use primitives::relay::block::{self, HeaderHash};
 use blockchain::{self, BlockId, BlockStatus};
 
-fn header_hash(header: &primitives::block::Header) -> primitives::block::HeaderHash {
-	primitives::hash(&ser::to_vec(header))
+fn header_hash(header: &block::Header) -> block::HeaderHash {
+	primitives::hashing::blake2_256(&ser::to_vec(header)).into()
 }
 
 struct PendingBlock {
diff --git a/client/src/lib.rs b/client/src/lib.rs
index c20c01e44e925..591c216145aa1 100644
--- a/client/src/lib.rs
+++ b/client/src/lib.rs
@@ -21,14 +21,19 @@
 extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
 extern crate polkadot_state_machine as state_machine;
 extern crate polkadot_serializer as ser;
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_codec as codec;
 extern crate polkadot_executor;
 extern crate native_runtime;
+extern crate ed25519;
 
 extern crate triehash;
 extern crate parking_lot;
 #[macro_use] extern crate error_chain;
 #[macro_use] extern crate log;
-#[macro_use] extern crate hex_literal;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate hex_literal;
 
 pub mod error;
 pub mod blockchain;
@@ -42,7 +47,7 @@ pub use genesis::construct_genesis_block;
 pub use blockchain::Info as ChainInfo;
 pub use blockchain::BlockId;
 
-use primitives::{block};
+use primitives::relay::block;
 use primitives::contract::{CallData, StorageKey, StorageData};
 
 use blockchain::Backend as BlockchainBackend;
@@ -123,8 +128,8 @@ impl<B, E> Client<B, E> where
 				parent_hash: Default::default(),
 				number: 0,
 				state_root: Default::default(),
-				parachain_activity: Default::default(),
-				logs: Default::default(),
+				transaction_root: Default::default(),
+				digest: Default::default(),
 			};
 
 			let mut tx = backend.begin_transaction(BlockId::Hash(block::HeaderHash::default()))?;
diff --git a/ed25519/Cargo.toml b/ed25519/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e6ba80d9a55e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ed25519/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[package]
+name = "ed25519"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
+
+[dependencies]
+ring = "0.12"
+untrusted = "0.5"
+polkadot-primitives = { version = "0.1", path = "../primitives" }
+rustc-hex = "1.0"
diff --git a/primitives/src/ed25519.rs b/ed25519/src/lib.rs
similarity index 69%
rename from primitives/src/ed25519.rs
rename to ed25519/src/lib.rs
index 5bfffc2411d43..9658b46d97526 100644
--- a/primitives/src/ed25519.rs
+++ b/ed25519/src/lib.rs
@@ -16,8 +16,13 @@
 
 //! Simple Ed25519 API.
 
-use untrusted;
+extern crate ring;
+extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
+extern crate untrusted;
+extern crate rustc_hex;
+
 use ring::{rand, signature};
+use primitives::Signature;
 use rustc_hex::FromHex;
 
 /// Verify a message without type checking the parameters' types for the right size.
@@ -39,41 +44,6 @@ pub struct Public ([u8; 32]);
 /// A key pair.
 pub struct Pair(signature::Ed25519KeyPair);
 
-/// A signature.
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct Signature ([u8; 64]);
-
-impl Signature {
-	/// A new signature from the given 64-byte `data`.
-	pub fn from(data: [u8; 64]) -> Self {
-		Signature(data)
-	}
-
-	/// A new signature from the given slice that should be 64 bytes long.
-	pub fn from_slice(data: &[u8]) -> Self {
-		let mut r = [0u8; 64];
-		r.copy_from_slice(data);
-		Signature(r)
-	}
-
-	/// Get the inner part.
-	pub fn inner(self) -> [u8; 64] {
-		self.0
-	}
-}
-
-impl AsRef<[u8; 64]> for Signature {
-	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8; 64] {
-		&self.0
-	}
-}
-
-impl AsRef<[u8]> for Signature {
-	fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
-		&self.0[..]
-	}
-}
-
 impl Public {
 	/// A new instance from the given 32-byte `data`.
 	pub fn from(data: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
@@ -113,14 +83,14 @@ impl Pair {
 	}
 	/// Make a new key pair from the raw secret.
 	pub fn from_secret(secret: &[u8; 32]) -> Pair {
-		let mut pkcs8_bytes = FromHex::from_hex("302e020100300506032b657004220420").unwrap();
+		let mut pkcs8_bytes: Vec<_> = FromHex::from_hex("302e020100300506032b657004220420").unwrap();
 		pkcs8_bytes.extend_from_slice(&secret[..]);
 		Pair(signature::Ed25519KeyPair::from_pkcs8_maybe_unchecked(untrusted::Input::from(&pkcs8_bytes)).unwrap())
 	}
 	/// Make a new key pair from the raw secret and public key (it will check to make sure
 	/// they correspond to each other).
 	pub fn from_both(secret_public: &[u8; 64]) -> Option<Pair> {
-		let mut pkcs8_bytes = FromHex::from_hex("3053020101300506032b657004220420").unwrap();
+		let mut pkcs8_bytes: Vec<_> = FromHex::from_hex("3053020101300506032b657004220420").unwrap();
 		pkcs8_bytes.extend_from_slice(&secret_public[0..32]);
 		pkcs8_bytes.extend_from_slice(&[0xa1u8, 0x23, 0x03, 0x21, 0x00]);
 		pkcs8_bytes.extend_from_slice(&secret_public[32..64]);
@@ -130,7 +100,7 @@ impl Pair {
 	pub fn sign(&self, message: &[u8]) -> Signature {
 		let mut r = [0u8; 64];
 		r.copy_from_slice(self.0.sign(message).as_ref());
-		Signature(r)
+		Signature::from(r)
 	}
 	/// Get the public key.
 	pub fn public(&self) -> Public {
@@ -140,29 +110,30 @@ impl Pair {
 		Public(r)
 	}
 }
-impl Signature {
-	/// Verify a message.
-	pub fn verify(&self, message: &[u8], public: &Public) -> bool {
-		let peer_public_key = untrusted::Input::from(&public.0[..]);
-		let msg = untrusted::Input::from(message);
-		let sig = untrusted::Input::from(&self.0[..]);
-
-		match signature::verify(&signature::ED25519, peer_public_key, msg, sig) {
-			Ok(_) => true,
-			_ => false,
-		}
+
+/// Verify a signature on a message.
+pub fn verify_strong(sig: &Signature, message: &[u8], pubkey: &Public) -> bool {
+	let public_key = untrusted::Input::from(&pubkey.0[..]);
+	let msg = untrusted::Input::from(message);
+	let sig = untrusted::Input::from(&sig.0[..]);
+
+	match signature::verify(&signature::ED25519, public_key, msg, sig) {
+		Ok(_) => true,
+		_ => false,
 	}
 }
+
 impl From<&'static str> for Public {
 	fn from(hex: &'static str) -> Self {
 		let mut r = [0u8; 32];
-		r.copy_from_slice(&FromHex::from_hex(hex).unwrap()[0..32]);
+		let v: Vec<_> = FromHex::from_hex(hex).unwrap();
+		r.copy_from_slice(&v[0..32]);
 		Public(r)
 	}
 }
 impl From<&'static str> for Pair {
 	fn from(hex: &'static str) -> Self {
-		let data = FromHex::from_hex(hex).expect("Key pair given is static so hex should be good.");
+		let data: Vec<_> = FromHex::from_hex(hex).expect("Key pair given is static so hex should be good.");
 		match data.len() {
 			32 => {
 				let mut r = [0u8; 32];
@@ -180,19 +151,6 @@ impl From<&'static str> for Pair {
 		}
 	}
 }
-impl From<&'static str> for Signature {
-	fn from(hex: &'static str) -> Self {
-		let mut r = [0u8; 64];
-		r.copy_from_slice(&FromHex::from_hex(hex).unwrap()[0..64]);
-		Signature(r)
-	}
-}
-
-impl PartialEq for Signature {
-	fn eq(&self, other: &Signature) -> bool {
-		self.0.iter().eq(other.0.iter())
-	}
-}
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
@@ -206,7 +164,7 @@ mod test {
 		let message = b"";
 		let signature: Signature = "e5564300c360ac729086e2cc806e828a84877f1eb8e5d974d873e065224901555fb8821590a33bacc61e39701cf9b46bd25bf5f0595bbe24655141438e7a100b".into();
 		assert!(&pair.sign(&message[..]) == &signature);
-		assert!(signature.verify(&message[..], &public));
+		assert!(verify_strong(&signature, &message[..], &public));
 	}
 
 	#[test]
@@ -215,21 +173,19 @@ mod test {
 		let public = pair.public();
 		let message = b"Something important";
 		let signature = pair.sign(&message[..]);
-		assert!(signature.verify(&message[..], &public));
+		assert!(verify_strong(&signature, &message[..], &public));
 	}
 
 	#[test]
 	fn seeded_pair_should_work() {
+		use primitives::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
+
 		let pair = Pair::from_seed(b"12345678901234567890123456789012");
 		let public = pair.public();
 		assert_eq!(public, "2f8c6129d816cf51c374bc7f08c3e63ed156cf78aefb4a6550d97b87997977ee".into());
-		let message = b"Something important";
-		let public = pair.public();
-		assert_eq!(public, "2f8c6129d816cf51c374bc7f08c3e63ed156cf78aefb4a6550d97b87997977ee".into());
-		let message = FromHex::from_hex("2f8c6129d816cf51c374bc7f08c3e63ed156cf78aefb4a6550d97b87997977ee00000000000000002228000000d75a980182b10ab7d54bfed3c964073a0ee172f3daa62325af021a68f707511a4500000000000000").unwrap();
+		let message: Vec<_> = FromHex::from_hex("2f8c6129d816cf51c374bc7f08c3e63ed156cf78aefb4a6550d97b87997977ee00000000000000002228000000d75a980182b10ab7d54bfed3c964073a0ee172f3daa62325af021a68f707511a4500000000000000").unwrap();
 		let signature = pair.sign(&message[..]);
-		use hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
 		println!("Correct signature: {}", HexDisplay::from(&signature.0));
-		assert!(signature.verify(&message[..], &public));
+		assert!(verify_strong(&signature, &message[..], &public));
 	}
 }
diff --git a/executor/Cargo.toml b/executor/Cargo.toml
index 0e535f1eba9f0..eb6e46e6e2d41 100644
--- a/executor/Cargo.toml
+++ b/executor/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,17 +5,19 @@ authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 
 [dependencies]
 error-chain = "0.11"
+polkadot-runtime-codec = { path = "../runtime-codec", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-runtime-std = { path = "../runtime-std", version = "0.1" }
 polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives", version = "0.1" }
 polkadot-serializer = { path = "../serializer", version = "0.1" }
-polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state_machine" , version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state-machine" , version = "0.1" }
 serde = "1.0"
 serde_derive = "1.0"
 parity-wasm = "0.15.0"
 byteorder = "1.1"
 rustc-hex = "1.0.0"
 native-runtime = { path = "../native-runtime", version = "0.1" }
-runtime-std = { path = "../native-runtime/std", version = "0.1" }
 triehash = "0.1.0"
+ed25519 = { path = "../ed25519", version = "0.1" }
 hex-literal = "0.1.0"
 log = "0.3"
 
diff --git a/executor/src/lib.rs b/executor/src/lib.rs
index d93f46052a197..27d26f7adbd85 100644
--- a/executor/src/lib.rs
+++ b/executor/src/lib.rs
@@ -27,15 +27,18 @@
 
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_codec as codec;
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_std as runtime_std;
 extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
 extern crate polkadot_serializer as serializer;
 extern crate polkadot_state_machine as state_machine;
+extern crate ed25519;
+
 extern crate serde;
 extern crate parity_wasm;
 extern crate byteorder;
 extern crate rustc_hex;
 extern crate native_runtime;
-extern crate runtime_std;
 extern crate triehash;
 #[macro_use] extern crate log;
 
diff --git a/executor/src/native_executor.rs b/executor/src/native_executor.rs
index d45efd9031dc4..d2ea75413a8d9 100644
--- a/executor/src/native_executor.rs
+++ b/executor/src/native_executor.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,27 @@
-use std::panic::catch_unwind;
-use primitives::contract::CallData;
-use state_machine::{Externalities, CodeExecutor};
+// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
 use error::{Error, ErrorKind, Result};
-use wasm_executor::WasmExecutor;
 use native_runtime as runtime;
+use primitives::contract::CallData;
 use runtime_std;
+use state_machine::{Externalities, CodeExecutor};
+use wasm_executor::WasmExecutor;
+
+use std::panic::catch_unwind;
 
 pub struct NativeExecutor;
 
@@ -42,25 +59,26 @@ impl CodeExecutor for NativeExecutor {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
-	use runtime_std::TestExternalities;
-	use native_runtime::codec::{KeyedVec, Joiner, Slicable};
+	use codec::{KeyedVec, Slicable, Joiner};
 	use native_runtime::support::{one, two, Hashable};
-	use native_runtime::primitives::*;
 	use native_runtime::runtime::staking::balance;
-	use primitives::twox_128;
+	use state_machine::TestExternalities;
+	use primitives::{twox_128, Hash};
+	use primitives::relay::{Header, BlockNumber, Block, Digest, Transaction, UncheckedTransaction, Function};
+	use ed25519::Pair;
 
 	const BLOATY_CODE: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.wasm");
 	const COMPACT_CODE: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.compact.wasm");
+
 	fn tx() -> UncheckedTransaction {
 		let transaction = Transaction {
 			signed: one(),
 			nonce: 0,
-			function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-			input_data: two().to_vec().join(&69u64),
+			function: Function::StakingTransfer(two(), 69),
 		};
 		let signature = secret_for(&transaction.signed).unwrap()
-			.sign(&transaction.to_vec())
-			.inner();
+			.sign(&transaction.to_vec());
+
 		UncheckedTransaction { transaction, signature }
 	}
 
@@ -146,8 +164,7 @@ mod tests {
 		], }
 	}
 
-	use primitives::ed25519::Pair;
-	fn secret_for(who: &AccountID) -> Option<Pair> {
+	fn secret_for(who: &::primitives::AccountId) -> Option<Pair> {
 		match who {
 			x if *x == one() => Some(Pair::from_seed(b"12345678901234567890123456789012")),
 			x if *x == two() => Some("9d61b19deffd5a60ba844af492ec2cc44449c5697b326919703bac031cae7f60".into()),
@@ -160,12 +177,12 @@ mod tests {
 
 		let transactions = txs.into_iter().map(|transaction| {
 			let signature = secret_for(&transaction.signed).unwrap()
-				.sign(&transaction.to_vec())
-				.inner();
+				.sign(&transaction.to_vec());
+
 			UncheckedTransaction { transaction, signature }
 		}).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-		let transaction_root = ordered_trie_root(transactions.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec)).0;
+		let transaction_root = ordered_trie_root(transactions.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec)).0.into();
 
 		let header = Header {
 			parent_hash,
@@ -176,19 +193,18 @@ mod tests {
 		};
 		let hash = header.blake2_256();
 
-		(Block { header, transactions }.to_vec(), hash)
+		(Block { header, transactions }.to_vec(), hash.into())
 	}
 
 	fn block1() -> (Vec<u8>, Hash) {
 		construct_block(
 			1,
-			[69u8; 32],
-			hex!("2481853da20b9f4322f34650fea5f240dcbfb266d02db94bfa0153c31f4a29db"),
+			[69u8; 32].into(),
+			hex!("2481853da20b9f4322f34650fea5f240dcbfb266d02db94bfa0153c31f4a29db").into(),
 			vec![Transaction {
 				signed: one(),
 				nonce: 0,
-				function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&two()).join(&69u64),
+				function: Function::StakingTransfer(two(), 69),
 			}]
 		)
 	}
@@ -197,19 +213,17 @@ mod tests {
 		construct_block(
 			2,
 			block1().1,
-			hex!("2e69e4405a13981224078ad5355c68401bf56d0fe3f14a3536734666e6a8a047"),
+			hex!("e2ba57cfb94b870ea6670b012b49dc33cbb70e3aa8d36cf54dfa5e4e69cd0778").into(),
 			vec![
 				Transaction {
 					signed: two(),
 					nonce: 0,
-					function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-					input_data: vec![].join(&one()).join(&5u64),
+					function: Function::StakingTransfer(one(), 5),
 				},
 				Transaction {
 					signed: one(),
 					nonce: 1,
-					function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-					input_data: vec![].join(&two()).join(&15u64),
+					function: Function::StakingTransfer(two(), 15),
 				}
 			]
 		)
diff --git a/executor/src/wasm_executor.rs b/executor/src/wasm_executor.rs
index 6ad896dfbea6c..d8912c1703441 100644
--- a/executor/src/wasm_executor.rs
+++ b/executor/src/wasm_executor.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use state_machine::{Externalities, CodeExecutor};
 use error::{Error, ErrorKind, Result};
 use wasm_utils::{MemoryInstance, UserDefinedElements,
 	AddModuleWithoutFullDependentInstance};
-use primitives::{ed25519, blake2_256, twox_128, twox_256};
+use primitives::{blake2_256, twox_128, twox_256};
 use primitives::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
 use triehash::ordered_trie_root;
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ impl_function_executor!(this: FunctionExecutor<'e, E>,
 		this.memory.get_into(pubkey_data, &mut pubkey[..]).map_err(|_| DummyUserError)?;
 		let msg = this.memory.get(msg_data, msg_len as usize).map_err(|_| DummyUserError)?;
 
-		if ed25519::Signature::from(sig).verify(&msg, &ed25519::Public::from(pubkey)) {
+		if ::ed25519::verify(&sig, &msg, &pubkey) {
 			0
 		} else {
 			5
@@ -287,15 +287,36 @@ impl CodeExecutor for WasmExecutor {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-
 	use super::*;
 	use rustc_hex::FromHex;
-	use primitives::{blake2_256, twox_128};
-	use runtime_std::{self, TestExternalities};
+	use codec::{KeyedVec, Slicable, Joiner};
 	use native_runtime::support::{one, two};
-	use native_runtime::primitives::{UncheckedTransaction, AccountID, Header};
-	use native_runtime::codec::{Joiner, KeyedVec};
 	use native_runtime::runtime::staking::balance;
+	use state_machine::TestExternalities;
+	use primitives::{twox_128, AccountId};
+	use primitives::relay::{Header, Transaction, UncheckedTransaction, Function};
+	use runtime_std;
+	use ed25519::Pair;
+
+	fn secret_for(who: &AccountId) -> Option<Pair> {
+		match who {
+			x if *x == one() => Some(Pair::from_seed(b"12345678901234567890123456789012")),
+			x if *x == two() => Some("9d61b19deffd5a60ba844af492ec2cc44449c5697b326919703bac031cae7f60".into()),
+			_ => None,
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn tx() -> UncheckedTransaction {
+		let transaction = Transaction {
+			signed: one(),
+			nonce: 0,
+			function: Function::StakingTransfer(two(), 69),
+		};
+		let signature = secret_for(&transaction.signed).unwrap()
+			.sign(&transaction.to_vec());
+
+		UncheckedTransaction { transaction, signature }
+	}
 
 	#[test]
 	fn returning_should_work() {
@@ -382,7 +403,7 @@ mod tests {
 	fn ed25519_verify_should_work() {
 		let mut ext = TestExternalities::default();
 		let test_code = include_bytes!("../../wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.compact.wasm");
-		let key = ed25519::Pair::from_seed(&blake2_256(b"test"));
+		let key = ::ed25519::Pair::from_seed(&blake2_256(b"test"));
 		let sig = key.sign(b"all ok!");
 		let mut calldata = vec![];
 		calldata.extend_from_slice(key.public().as_ref());
@@ -403,31 +424,6 @@ mod tests {
 		);
 	}
 
-	use primitives::ed25519::Pair;
-	fn secret_for(who: &AccountID) -> Option<Pair> {
-		match who {
-			x if *x == one() => Some(Pair::from_seed(b"12345678901234567890123456789012")),
-			x if *x == two() => Some("9d61b19deffd5a60ba844af492ec2cc44449c5697b326919703bac031cae7f60".into()),
-			_ => None,
-		}
-	}
-
-	fn tx() -> UncheckedTransaction {
-		use native_runtime::codec::{Joiner, Slicable};
-		use native_runtime::support::{one, two};
-		use native_runtime::primitives::*;
-		let transaction = Transaction {
-			signed: one(),
-			nonce: 0,
-			function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-			input_data: two().to_vec().join(&69u64),
-		};
-		let signature = secret_for(&transaction.signed).unwrap()
-			.sign(&transaction.to_vec())
-			.inner();
-		UncheckedTransaction { transaction, signature }
-	}
-
 	#[test]
 	fn panic_execution_gives_error() {
 		let one = one();
diff --git a/native-runtime/Cargo.toml b/native-runtime/Cargo.toml
index 2d8f7c7c65a55..a4052bf8ded26 100644
--- a/native-runtime/Cargo.toml
+++ b/native-runtime/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ name = "native-runtime"
 version = "0.1.0"
 authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 
-[features]
-default = ["with-std"]
-with-std = []
-without-std = []
-
 [dependencies]
-runtime-std = { path = "./std", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-runtime-codec = { path = "../runtime-codec", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-runtime-std = { path = "../runtime-std", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives", version = "0.1" }
 rustc-hex = "1.0"
 hex-literal = "0.1.0"
-log = "0.3"
+log = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
+
+[features]
+default = ["std"]
+std = ["polkadot-runtime-codec/std", "polkadot-runtime-std/std", "polkadot-primitives/std", "log"]
diff --git a/native-runtime/std/Cargo.toml b/native-runtime/std/Cargo.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index a4f665bfcce28..0000000000000
--- a/native-runtime/std/Cargo.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "runtime-std"
-version = "0.1.0"
-authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
-
-[features]
-strict = []
-
-[dependencies]
-lazy_static = "1.0.0"
-parking_lot = "0.5"
-polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../../state_machine" , version = "0.1" }
-environmental = { path = "../../environmental", version = "0.1.0" }
-polkadot-primitives = { path = "../../primitives", version = "0.1.0" }
-triehash = "0.1.0"
diff --git a/network/Cargo.toml b/network/Cargo.toml
index 4733ec2d709d5..d3b62e4a4cbdc 100644
--- a/network/Cargo.toml
+++ b/network/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ethcore-network = { git = "https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git" }
 ethcore-io = { git = "https://github.com/paritytech/parity.git" }
 polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives" }
 polkadot-client = { path = "../client" }
-polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state_machine" }
+polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state-machine" }
 polkadot-serializer = { path = "../serializer" }
 log = "0.3"
 env_logger = "0.4"
diff --git a/network/src/blocks.rs b/network/src/blocks.rs
index 52a72e022ff6e..e79aff2c651c8 100644
--- a/network/src/blocks.rs
+++ b/network/src/blocks.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use std::ops::Range;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, BTreeMap};
 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry;
 use network::PeerId;
-use primitives::block::{Number as BlockNumber};
+use primitives::relay::BlockNumber;
 use message;
 
 const MAX_PARALLEL_DOWNLOADS: u32 = 1;
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ impl BlockCollection {
 mod test {
 	use super::{BlockCollection, BlockData};
 	use message;
-	use primitives::block::{HeaderHash};
+	use primitives::relay::{HeaderHash};
 
 	fn is_empty(bc: &BlockCollection) -> bool {
 		bc.blocks.is_empty() &&
diff --git a/network/src/chain.rs b/network/src/chain.rs
index c125434710d4d..cd6ebb85634a3 100644
--- a/network/src/chain.rs
+++ b/network/src/chain.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 use client::{self, Client as PolkadotClient, ImportResult, ClientInfo, BlockStatus};
 use client::error::Error;
 use state_machine;
-use primitives::block;
+use primitives::relay::block;
 
 pub trait Client : Send + Sync {
 	/// Given a hash return a header
diff --git a/network/src/lib.rs b/network/src/lib.rs
index 10a6eb6065c1d..df06532289536 100644
--- a/network/src/lib.rs
+++ b/network/src/lib.rs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub use protocol::{ProtocolStatus};
 pub use network::{NonReservedPeerMode, ConnectionFilter, ConnectionDirection, NetworkConfiguration};
 
 // TODO: move it elsewhere
-fn header_hash(header: &primitives::block::Header) -> primitives::block::HeaderHash {
-	primitives::hash(&ser::to_vec(header))
+fn header_hash(header: &primitives::relay::Header) -> primitives::relay::HeaderHash {
+	primitives::hashing::blake2_256(&ser::to_vec(header)).into()
 }
 
diff --git a/network/src/message.rs b/network/src/message.rs
index ff0c678b0b412..daa6b5520acf2 100644
--- a/network/src/message.rs
+++ b/network/src/message.rs
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@
 
 use std::borrow::Borrow;
 use primitives::parachain::Id as ParachainId;
-use primitives::Address;
-use primitives::block::{Number as BlockNumber, HeaderHash, Header, Body};
+use primitives::AccountId;
+use primitives::relay::{BlockNumber, HeaderHash, Header, Body};
 use service::Role as RoleFlags;
 
 pub type RequestId = u64;
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ pub struct Status {
 	/// Signatue of `best_hash` made with validator address. Required for the validator role.
 	pub validator_signature: Option<Signature>,
 	/// Validator address. Required for the validator role.
-	pub validator_id: Option<Address>,
+	pub validator_id: Option<AccountId>,
 	/// Parachain id. Required for the collator role.
 	pub parachain_id: Option<ParachainId>,
 }
diff --git a/network/src/protocol.rs b/network/src/protocol.rs
index 3b0a5a801ac54..3d5d14dbdd6fd 100644
--- a/network/src/protocol.rs
+++ b/network/src/protocol.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use serde_json;
 use std::time;
-use primitives::block::{HeaderHash, TransactionHash, Number as BlockNumber, Header};
+use primitives::relay::{HeaderHash, TransactionHash, BlockNumber, Header};
 use network::{PeerId, NodeId};
 
 use message::{self, Message};
diff --git a/network/src/service.rs b/network/src/service.rs
index 11b4cae18ea9c..565f7f52491f2 100644
--- a/network/src/service.rs
+++ b/network/src/service.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use std::collections::{BTreeMap};
 use std::io;
 use network::{NetworkProtocolHandler, NetworkService, NetworkContext, HostInfo, PeerId, ProtocolId,
 NetworkConfiguration , NonReservedPeerMode, ErrorKind};
-use primitives::block::{TransactionHash, Header};
+use primitives::relay::{TransactionHash, Header};
 use core_io::{TimerToken};
 use io::NetSyncIo;
 use protocol::{Protocol, ProtocolStatus, PeerInfo as ProtocolPeerInfo, TransactionStats};
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ impl SyncProvider for Service {
 				};
 
 				Some(PeerInfo {
-					id: session_info.id.map(|id| id.hex()),
+					id: session_info.id.map(|id| format!("{:x}", id)),
 					client_version: session_info.client_version,
 					capabilities: session_info.peer_capabilities.into_iter().map(|c| c.to_string()).collect(),
 					remote_address: session_info.remote_address,
diff --git a/network/src/sync.rs b/network/src/sync.rs
index ec5b1ee67b810..6bed7ec6a2842 100644
--- a/network/src/sync.rs
+++ b/network/src/sync.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use io::SyncIo;
 use protocol::Protocol;
 use network::PeerId;
 use client::{ImportResult, BlockStatus, ClientInfo};
-use primitives::block::{HeaderHash, Number as BlockNumber, Header};
+use primitives::relay::{HeaderHash, BlockNumber, Header};
 use blocks::{self, BlockCollection};
 use message::{self, Message};
 use super::header_hash;
diff --git a/primitives/Cargo.toml b/primitives/Cargo.toml
index 77eccdea883e8..6e5a4bd0c42e9 100644
--- a/primitives/Cargo.toml
+++ b/primitives/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,16 +5,15 @@ authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 
 [dependencies]
 crunchy = "0.1"
-fixed-hash = { git = "https://github.com/paritytech/primitives.git" }
-rustc-hex = "1.0"
-serde = "1.0"
-serde_derive = "1.0"
-uint = { git = "https://github.com/paritytech/primitives.git" }
-ring = "0.12"
-untrusted = "0.5"
-twox-hash = "1.1.0"
-byteorder = "1.1"
-blake2-rfc = "0.2.18"
+fixed-hash = { git = "https://github.com/rphmeier/primitives.git", branch = "compile-for-wasm", default_features = false }
+rustc-hex = { git = "https://github.com/rphmeier/rustc-hex.git", version = "2.0", default_features = false }
+serde = { version = "1.0", default_features = false }
+serde_derive = { version = "1.0", optional = true }
+uint = { git = "https://github.com/rphmeier/primitives.git", branch = "compile-for-wasm" }
+twox-hash = { version = "1.1.0", optional = true }
+byteorder = { version = "1.1", default_features = false }
+blake2-rfc = { version = "0.2.18", optional = true }
+polkadot-runtime-codec = { path = "../runtime-codec", version = "0.1", default_features = false }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 polkadot-serializer = { path = "../serializer", version = "0.1" }
@@ -22,4 +21,14 @@ pretty_assertions = "0.4"
 
 [features]
 default = ["std"]
-std = ["uint/std", "fixed-hash/std"]
+std = [
+	"uint/std",
+	"fixed-hash/std",
+	"polkadot-runtime-codec/std",
+	"serde/std",
+	"rustc-hex/std",
+	"twox-hash",
+	"blake2-rfc",
+	"serde_derive",
+	"byteorder/std"
+]
diff --git a/primitives/src/block.rs b/primitives/src/block.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index eb2c7785c2693..0000000000000
--- a/primitives/src/block.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Block and header type definitions.
-
-use bytes;
-use hash::H256;
-use parachain;
-
-/// Used to refer to a block number.
-pub type Number = u64;
-
-/// Hash used to refer to a block hash.
-pub type HeaderHash = H256;
-
-/// Hash used to refer to a transaction hash.
-pub type TransactionHash = H256;
-
-/// Execution log (event)
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Log(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
-
-/// A relay chain block header.
-///
-/// https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-spec/blob/master/spec.md#header
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
-pub struct Header {
-	/// Block parent's hash.
-	pub parent_hash: HeaderHash,
-	/// Block number.
-	pub number: Number,
-	/// State root after this transition.
-	pub state_root: H256,
-	/// Parachain activity bitfield
-	pub parachain_activity: parachain::Activity,
-	/// Logs (generated by execution)
-	pub logs: Vec<Log>,
-}
-
-/// A relay chain block body.
-///
-/// Included candidates should be sorted by parachain ID, and without duplicate
-/// IDs.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
-pub struct Body {
-	/// Parachain proposal blocks.
-	pub candidates: Vec<parachain::Candidate>,
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-	use super::*;
-	use polkadot_serializer as ser;
-
-	#[test]
-	fn test_header_serialization() {
-		assert_eq!(ser::to_string_pretty(&Header {
-			parent_hash: 5.into(),
-			number: 67,
-			state_root: 3.into(),
-			parachain_activity: parachain::Activity(vec![0]),
-			logs: vec![Log(vec![1])],
-		}), r#"{
-  "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000005",
-  "number": 67,
-  "stateRoot": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003",
-  "parachainActivity": "0x00",
-  "logs": [
-    "0x01"
-  ]
-}"#);
-	}
-
-	#[test]
-	fn test_body_serialization() {
-		assert_eq!(ser::to_string_pretty(&Body {
-			candidates: vec![
-				parachain::Candidate {
-					parachain_index: 10.into(),
-					collator_signature: Default::default(),
-					unprocessed_ingress: Default::default(),
-					block: ::parachain::BlockData(vec![1, 3, 5, 8]),
-				}
-			],
-		}), r#"{
-  "candidates": [
-    {
-      "parachainIndex": 10,
-      "collatorSignature": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
-      "unprocessedIngress": [],
-      "block": "0x01030508"
-    }
-  ]
-}"#);
-	}
-
-}
diff --git a/primitives/src/bytes.rs b/primitives/src/bytes.rs
index ab69d36e70240..f8c33c5a8c2b1 100644
--- a/primitives/src/bytes.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/bytes.rs
@@ -14,15 +14,29 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-use std::fmt;
+use core::fmt;
 
 use serde::{de, Serializer, Deserializer};
 
+#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+mod alloc_types {
+	pub use ::alloc::string::String;
+	pub use ::alloc::vec::Vec;
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+mod alloc_types {
+	pub use ::std::vec::Vec;
+	pub use ::std::string::String;
+}
+
+pub use self::alloc_types::*;
+
 /// Serializes a slice of bytes.
 pub fn serialize<S>(bytes: &[u8], serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> where
 	S: Serializer,
 {
-	let hex = ::rustc_hex::ToHex::to_hex(bytes);
+	let hex: String = ::rustc_hex::ToHex::to_hex(bytes);
 	serializer.serialize_str(&format!("0x{}", hex))
 }
 
@@ -38,7 +52,7 @@ pub fn serialize_uint<S>(bytes: &[u8], serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
 		return serializer.serialize_str("0x0");
 	}
 
-	let hex = ::rustc_hex::ToHex::to_hex(bytes);
+	let hex: String = ::rustc_hex::ToHex::to_hex(bytes);
 	let has_leading_zero = !hex.is_empty() && &hex[0..1] == "0";
 	serializer.serialize_str(
 		&format!("0x{}", if has_leading_zero { &hex[1..] } else { &hex })
@@ -49,6 +63,7 @@ pub fn serialize_uint<S>(bytes: &[u8], serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum ExpectedLen {
 	/// Any length in bytes.
+	#[cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), allow(unused))]
 	Any,
 	/// Exact length in bytes.
 	Exact(usize),
@@ -67,6 +82,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for ExpectedLen {
 }
 
 /// Deserialize into vector of bytes.
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Vec<u8>, D::Error> where
 	D: Deserializer<'de>,
 {
@@ -111,9 +127,24 @@ pub fn deserialize_check_len<'de, D>(deserializer: D, len: ExpectedLen) -> Resul
 				_ => ::rustc_hex::FromHex::from_hex(&v[2..])
 			};
 
-			bytes.map_err(|e| E::custom(&format!("invalid hex value: {:?}", e)))
+			#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+			fn format_err(e: ::rustc_hex::FromHexError) -> String {
+				format!("invalid hex value: {:?}", e)
+			}
+
+			#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+			fn format_err(e: ::rustc_hex::FromHexError) -> String {
+				match e {
+					::rustc_hex::InvalidHexLength => format!("invalid hex value: invalid length"),
+					::rustc_hex::InvalidHexCharacter(c, p) =>
+						format!("invalid hex value: invalid character {} at position {}", c, p),
+				}
+			}
+
+			bytes.map_err(|e| E::custom(format_err(e)))
 		}
 
+		#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 		fn visit_string<E: de::Error>(self, v: String) -> Result<Self::Value, E> {
 			self.visit_str(&v)
 		}
diff --git a/primitives/src/contract.rs b/primitives/src/contract.rs
index 02411b73d790f..771381b85b652 100644
--- a/primitives/src/contract.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/contract.rs
@@ -16,20 +16,26 @@
 
 //! Contract execution data.
 
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use bytes;
+use bytes::Vec;
 
 /// Contract call data.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct CallData(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct CallData(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Contract output data.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct OutData(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct OutData(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Contract storage key.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct StorageKey(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct StorageKey(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Contract storage entry data.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct StorageData(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct StorageData(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
diff --git a/primitives/src/hash.rs b/primitives/src/hash.rs
index 0b56d5757fafb..8e7c6f2b8f3a9 100644
--- a/primitives/src/hash.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/hash.rs
@@ -34,14 +34,24 @@ macro_rules! impl_serde {
 					.map(|x| (&*x).into())
 			}
 		}
+
+		impl ::codec::Slicable for $name {
+			fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+				<[u8; $len] as ::codec::Slicable>::from_slice(value).map($name)
+			}
+
+			fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+				self.0.as_slice_then(f)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 }
 
-impl_hash!(H160, 20);
+construct_hash!(H160, 20);
 impl_serde!(H160, 20);
-impl_hash!(H256, 32);
+construct_hash!(H256, 32);
 impl_serde!(H256, 32);
-impl_hash!(H512, 64);
+construct_hash!(H512, 64);
 impl_serde!(H512, 64);
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/primitives/src/hashing.rs b/primitives/src/hashing.rs
index e1a4f84a99675..8534cf4d98f1e 100644
--- a/primitives/src/hashing.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/hashing.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn blake2_128(data: &[u8]) -> [u8; 16] {
 
 /// Do a XX 128-bit hash and place result in `dest`.
 pub fn twox_128_into(data: &[u8], dest: &mut [u8; 16]) {
-	use ::std::hash::Hasher;
+	use ::core::hash::Hasher;
 	let mut h0 = twox_hash::XxHash::with_seed(0);
 	let mut h1 = twox_hash::XxHash::with_seed(1);
 	h0.write(data);
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ pub fn twox_128_into(data: &[u8], dest: &mut [u8; 16]) {
 
 /// Do a XX 128-bit hash and return result.
 pub fn twox_128(data: &[u8]) -> [u8; 16] {
-	let mut r: [u8; 16] = unsafe { ::std::mem::uninitialized() };
+	let mut r: [u8; 16] = [0; 16];
 	twox_128_into(data, &mut r);
 	r
 }
 
 /// Do a XX 256-bit hash and place result in `dest`.
 pub fn twox_256_into(data: &[u8], dest: &mut [u8; 32]) {
-	use ::std::hash::Hasher;
+	use ::core::hash::Hasher;
 	use byteorder::{ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
 	let mut h0 = twox_hash::XxHash::with_seed(0);
 	let mut h1 = twox_hash::XxHash::with_seed(1);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ pub fn twox_256_into(data: &[u8], dest: &mut [u8; 32]) {
 
 /// Do a XX 256-bit hash and return result.
 pub fn twox_256(data: &[u8]) -> [u8; 32] {
-	let mut r: [u8; 32] = unsafe { ::std::mem::uninitialized() };
+	let mut r: [u8; 32] = [0; 32];
 	twox_256_into(data, &mut r);
 	r
 }
diff --git a/primitives/src/hexdisplay.rs b/primitives/src/hexdisplay.rs
index fa62d698691e3..42db2212870f0 100644
--- a/primitives/src/hexdisplay.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/hexdisplay.rs
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ impl<'a> HexDisplay<'a> {
 	pub fn from(d: &'a AsBytesRef) -> Self { HexDisplay(d.as_bytes_ref()) }
 }
 
-impl<'a> ::std::fmt::Display for HexDisplay<'a> {
-	fn fmt(&self, fmtr: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), ::std::fmt::Error> {
+impl<'a> ::core::fmt::Display for HexDisplay<'a> {
+	fn fmt(&self, fmtr: &mut ::core::fmt::Formatter) -> Result<(), ::core::fmt::Error> {
 		for byte in self.0 {
 			try!( fmtr.write_fmt(format_args!("{:02x}", byte)));
 		}
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ impl AsBytesRef for [u8] {
 	fn as_bytes_ref(&self) -> &[u8] { &self }
 }
 
-impl AsBytesRef for Vec<u8> {
+impl AsBytesRef for ::bytes::Vec<u8> {
 	fn as_bytes_ref(&self) -> &[u8] { &self }
 }
 
diff --git a/primitives/src/lib.rs b/primitives/src/lib.rs
index c774ec7f42cad..e16aa8ef50915 100644
--- a/primitives/src/lib.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/lib.rs
@@ -18,52 +18,100 @@
 
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), feature(alloc))]
+
 extern crate rustc_hex;
+
 extern crate serde;
-extern crate ring;
-extern crate untrusted;
-extern crate twox_hash;
 extern crate byteorder;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+extern crate twox_hash;
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 extern crate blake2_rfc;
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate crunchy;
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate fixed_hash;
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate serde_derive;
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate uint as uint_crate;
 
-#[cfg(feature="std")]
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 extern crate core;
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_codec as codec;
 #[cfg(test)]
 extern crate polkadot_serializer;
 #[cfg(test)]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate pretty_assertions;
 
+#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate alloc;
+
+// TODO: factor out to separate crate.
+macro_rules! try_opt {
+	($e: expr) => {
+		match $e {
+			Some(x) => x,
+			None => return None,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 mod bytes;
-pub mod block;
 pub mod contract;
 pub mod hash;
+pub mod hexdisplay;
 pub mod parachain;
+pub mod relay;
 pub mod uint;
 pub mod validator;
-pub mod ed25519;
-pub mod hexdisplay;
-pub mod hashing;
 
-/// Alias to 160-bit hash when used in the context of an account address.
-pub type Address = hash::H160;
-/// Alias to 520-bit hash when used in the context of a signature.
-pub type Signature = hash::H512;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+pub mod hashing;
 
 pub use self::hash::{H160, H256};
+pub use self::relay::BlockNumber;
 pub use self::uint::{U256, U512};
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 pub use hashing::{blake2_256, twox_128, twox_256};
 
-/// A hash function.
-pub fn hash(data: &[u8]) -> hash::H256 {
-	blake2_256(data).into()
-}
+/// Virtual account ID that represents the idea of a dispatch/statement being signed by everybody
+/// (who matters). Essentially this means that a majority of validators have decided it is
+/// "correct".
+pub const EVERYBODY: AccountId = [255u8; 32];
+
+/// Alias to Ed25519 pubkey that identifies an account.
+pub type AccountId = [u8; 32];
+
+/// The Ed25519 pub key of an session that belongs to an authority. This is used as what the
+/// external environment/consensus algorithm calls an "authority".
+pub type SessionKey = AccountId;
+
+/// Indentifier for a chain.
+pub type ChainID = u64;
+
+/// Index of a transaction.
+pub type TxOrder = u64;
+
+/// A hash of some data.
+pub type Hash = hash::H256;
+
+/// Alias to 520-bit hash when used in the context of a signature.
+pub type Signature = hash::H512;
+
+/// A balance in the staking subsystem.
+pub type Balance = u64;
+
+/// A timestamp.
+pub type Timestamp = u64;
diff --git a/primitives/src/parachain.rs b/primitives/src/parachain.rs
index cecbbb1dbb3f3..4b3f308a70028 100644
--- a/primitives/src/parachain.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/parachain.rs
@@ -16,10 +16,13 @@
 
 //! Parachain data types.
 
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use bytes;
+use bytes::Vec;
 
 /// Unique identifier of a parachain.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Clone, Copy)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
 pub struct Id(u64);
 
 impl From<Id> for u64 {
@@ -30,12 +33,23 @@ impl From<u64> for Id {
 	fn from(x: u64) -> Self { Id(x) }
 }
 
+impl ::codec::Slicable for Id {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		u64::from_slice(value).map(Id)
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		self.0.as_slice_then(f)
+	}
+}
+
 /// Candidate parachain block.
 ///
 /// https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-spec/blob/master/spec.md#candidate-para-chain-block
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(rename_all = "camelCase"))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(deny_unknown_fields))]
 pub struct Candidate {
 	/// The ID of the parachain this is a proposal for.
 	pub parachain_index: Id,
@@ -50,18 +64,19 @@ pub struct Candidate {
 }
 
 /// Candidate receipt type.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(rename_all = "camelCase"))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(deny_unknown_fields))]
 pub struct CandidateReceipt {
 	/// The ID of the parachain this is a candidate for.
 	pub parachain_index: Id,
 	/// The collator's account ID
-	pub collator: ::Address,
+	pub collator: ::AccountId,
 	/// The head-data
 	pub head_data: HeadData,
 	/// Balance uploads to the relay chain.
-	pub balance_uploads: Vec<(::Address, ::uint::U256)>,
+	pub balance_uploads: Vec<(::AccountId, ::uint::U256)>,
 	/// Egress queue roots.
 	pub egress_queue_roots: Vec<(Id, ::hash::H256)>,
 	/// Fees paid from the chain to the relay chain validators
@@ -69,37 +84,54 @@ pub struct CandidateReceipt {
 }
 
 /// Parachain ingress queue message.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Message(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Message(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Consolidated ingress queue data.
 ///
 /// This is just an ordered vector of other parachains' egress queues,
 /// obtained according to the routing rules.
-#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
 pub struct ConsolidatedIngress(pub Vec<(Id, Vec<Message>)>);
 
 /// Parachain block data.
 ///
 /// contains everything required to validate para-block, may contain block and witness data
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct BlockData(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct BlockData(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Parachain header raw bytes wrapper type.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Header(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Header(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Parachain head data included in the chain.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct HeadData(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct HeadData(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Parachain validation code.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct ValidationCode(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct ValidationCode(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Activitiy bit field
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct Activity(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Default)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Activity(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
+
+impl ::codec::Slicable for Activity {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Vec::<u8>::from_slice(value).map(Activity)
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		self.0.as_slice_then(f)
+	}
+}
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
diff --git a/primitives/src/relay/block.rs b/primitives/src/relay/block.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e488d3c1f005f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/primitives/src/relay/block.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Block and header type definitions.
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+use bytes;
+use bytes::Vec;
+use codec::Slicable;
+use hash::H256;
+use parachain;
+use relay::transaction::UncheckedTransaction;
+
+/// Used to refer to a block number.
+pub type Number = u64;
+
+/// Hash used to refer to a block hash.
+pub type HeaderHash = H256;
+
+/// Hash used to refer to a transaction hash.
+pub type TransactionHash = H256;
+
+/// Execution log (event)
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Log(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
+
+impl Slicable for Log {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Vec::<u8>::from_slice(value).map(Log)
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		self.0.as_slice_then(f)
+	}
+}
+
+impl ::codec::NonTrivialSlicable for Log { }
+
+/// The digest of a block, useful for light-clients.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Digest {
+	/// All logs that have happened in the block.
+	pub logs: Vec<Log>,
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Digest {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Vec::<Log>::from_slice(value).map(|logs| Digest { logs })
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		self.logs.as_slice_then(f)
+	}
+}
+
+/// A Polkadot relay chain block.
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Block {
+	/// The block header.
+	pub header: Header,
+	/// All relay-chain transactions.
+	pub transactions: Vec<UncheckedTransaction>,
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Block {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Some(Block {
+			header: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			transactions: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let mut v = Vec::new();
+
+		v.extend(self.header.to_vec());
+		v.extend(self.transactions.to_vec());
+
+		v
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(self.to_vec().as_slice())
+	}
+}
+
+/// A relay chain block header.
+///
+/// https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-spec/blob/master/spec.md#header
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(rename_all = "camelCase"))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(deny_unknown_fields))]
+pub struct Header {
+	/// Block parent's hash.
+	pub parent_hash: HeaderHash,
+	/// Block number.
+	pub number: Number,
+	/// State root after this transition.
+	pub state_root: H256,
+	/// The root of the trie that represents this block's transactions, indexed by a 32-byte integer.
+	pub transaction_root: H256,
+	/// The digest of activity on the block.
+	pub digest: Digest,
+}
+
+impl Header {
+	/// Create a new instance with default fields except `number`, which is given as an argument.
+	pub fn from_block_number(number: Number) -> Self {
+		Header {
+			parent_hash: Default::default(),
+			number,
+			state_root: Default::default(),
+			transaction_root: Default::default(),
+			digest: Default::default(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Header {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Some(Header {
+			parent_hash: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			number: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			state_root: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			transaction_root: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			digest: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let mut v = Vec::new();
+
+		self.parent_hash.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.number.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.state_root.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.transaction_root.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.digest.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+
+		v
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(self.to_vec().as_slice())
+	}
+}
+
+/// A relay chain block body.
+///
+/// Included candidates should be sorted by parachain ID, and without duplicate
+/// IDs.
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(rename_all = "camelCase"))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(deny_unknown_fields))]
+pub struct Body {
+	/// Parachain proposal blocks.
+	pub candidates: Vec<parachain::Candidate>,
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+	use codec::Slicable;
+	use polkadot_serializer as ser;
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_header_serialization() {
+		let header = Header {
+			parent_hash: 5.into(),
+			number: 67,
+			state_root: 3.into(),
+			transaction_root: 6.into(),
+			digest: Digest { logs: vec![Log(vec![1])] },
+		};
+
+		assert_eq!(ser::to_string_pretty(&header), r#"{
+  "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000005",
+  "number": 67,
+  "stateRoot": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003",
+  "transactionRoot": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006",
+  "digest": {
+    "logs": [
+      "0x01"
+    ]
+  }
+}"#);
+
+		let v = header.to_vec();
+		assert_eq!(Header::from_slice(&mut &v[..]).unwrap(), header);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_body_serialization() {
+		assert_eq!(ser::to_string_pretty(&Body {
+			candidates: vec![
+				parachain::Candidate {
+					parachain_index: 10.into(),
+					collator_signature: Default::default(),
+					unprocessed_ingress: Default::default(),
+					block: ::parachain::BlockData(vec![1, 3, 5, 8]),
+				}
+			],
+		}), r#"{
+  "candidates": [
+    {
+      "parachainIndex": 10,
+      "collatorSignature": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+      "unprocessedIngress": [],
+      "block": "0x01030508"
+    }
+  ]
+}"#);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/primitives/src/relay/mod.rs b/primitives/src/relay/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..c4f22ac55f0da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/primitives/src/relay/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//! Relay chain primitives.
+
+pub mod block;
+pub mod transaction;
+
+pub use self::block::*;
+pub use self::transaction::*;
+
+pub use self::block::Number as BlockNumber;
diff --git a/primitives/src/relay/transaction.rs b/primitives/src/relay/transaction.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..1432693e6e7a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/primitives/src/relay/transaction.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Transaction type.
+
+use bytes::Vec;
+use codec::Slicable;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+use std::fmt;
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+use alloc::fmt;
+
+use relay::block::Number as BlockNumber;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[repr(u8)]
+enum InternalFunctionId {
+	/// Set the system's code.
+	SystemSetCode = 0x00,
+
+	/// Set the session length.
+	SessionSetLength = 0x10,
+	/// Force a new session.
+	SessionForceNewSession = 0x11,
+
+	/// Set the number of sessions per era.
+	StakingSetSessionsPerEra = 0x20,
+	/// Set the minimum bonding duration for staking.
+	StakingSetBondingDuration = 0x21,
+	/// Set the validator count for staking.
+	StakingSetValidatorCount = 0x22,
+	/// Force a new staking era.
+	StakingForceNewEra = 0x23,
+
+	/// Set the per-mille of validator approval required for governance changes.
+	GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired = 0x30,
+
+}
+
+impl InternalFunctionId {
+	/// Derive `Some` value from a `u8`, or `None` if it's invalid.
+	fn from_u8(value: u8) -> Option<InternalFunctionId> {
+		let functions = [
+			InternalFunctionId::SystemSetCode,
+			InternalFunctionId::SessionSetLength,
+			InternalFunctionId::SessionForceNewSession,
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingSetBondingDuration,
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingSetValidatorCount,
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingForceNewEra,
+			InternalFunctionId::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired,
+		];
+		functions.iter().map(|&f| f).find(|&f| value == f as u8)
+	}
+}
+
+/// Internal functions that can be dispatched to.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub enum InternalFunction {
+	/// Set the system's code.
+	SystemSetCode(Vec<u8>),
+	/// Set the session length.
+	SessionSetLength(BlockNumber),
+	/// Force a new session.
+	SessionForceNewSession,
+	/// Set the number of sessions per era.
+	StakingSetSessionsPerEra(BlockNumber),
+	/// Set the minimum bonding duration for staking.
+	StakingSetBondingDuration(BlockNumber),
+	/// Set the validator count for staking.
+	StakingSetValidatorCount(u32),
+	/// Force a new staking era.
+	StakingForceNewEra,
+	/// Set the per-mille of validator approval required for governance changes.
+	GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired(u32),
+
+}
+
+/// An internal function.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Proposal {
+	/// The privileged function to call.
+	pub function: InternalFunction,
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Proposal {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		let id = try_opt!(u8::from_slice(value).and_then(InternalFunctionId::from_u8));
+		let function = match id {
+			InternalFunctionId::SystemSetCode =>
+				InternalFunction::SystemSetCode(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			InternalFunctionId::SessionSetLength =>
+				InternalFunction::SessionSetLength(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			InternalFunctionId::SessionForceNewSession => InternalFunction::SessionForceNewSession,
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingSetSessionsPerEra =>
+				InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingSetBondingDuration =>
+				InternalFunction::StakingSetBondingDuration(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingSetValidatorCount =>
+				InternalFunction::StakingSetValidatorCount(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			InternalFunctionId::StakingForceNewEra => InternalFunction::StakingForceNewEra,
+			InternalFunctionId::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired =>
+				InternalFunction::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+		};
+
+		Some(Proposal { function })
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let mut v = Vec::new();
+		match self.function {
+			InternalFunction::SystemSetCode(ref data) => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::SystemSetCode as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::SessionSetLength(ref data) => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::SessionSetLength as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::SessionForceNewSession => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::SessionForceNewSession as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(ref data) => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::StakingSetSessionsPerEra as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingSetBondingDuration(ref data) => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::StakingSetBondingDuration as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingSetValidatorCount(ref data) => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::StakingSetValidatorCount as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingForceNewEra => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::StakingForceNewEra as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			InternalFunction::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired(ref data) => {
+				(InternalFunctionId::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+		}
+
+		v
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(self.to_vec().as_slice())
+	}
+}
+
+
+/// Public functions that can be dispatched to.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[repr(u8)]
+enum FunctionId {
+	/// Set the timestamp.
+	TimestampSet = 0x00,
+	/// Set temporary session key as a validator.
+	SessionSetKey = 0x10,
+	/// Staking subsystem: begin staking.
+	StakingStake = 0x20,
+	/// Staking subsystem: stop staking.
+	StakingUnstake = 0x21,
+	/// Staking subsystem: transfer stake.
+	StakingTransfer = 0x22,
+	/// Make a proposal for the governance system.
+	GovernancePropose = 0x30,
+	/// Approve a proposal for the governance system.
+	GovernanceApprove = 0x31,
+}
+
+impl FunctionId {
+	/// Derive `Some` value from a `u8`, or `None` if it's invalid.
+	fn from_u8(value: u8) -> Option<FunctionId> {
+		use self::*;
+		let functions = [FunctionId::StakingStake, FunctionId::StakingUnstake,
+			FunctionId::StakingTransfer, FunctionId::SessionSetKey, FunctionId::TimestampSet,
+			FunctionId::GovernancePropose, FunctionId::GovernanceApprove];
+		functions.iter().map(|&f| f).find(|&f| value == f as u8)
+	}
+}
+
+/// Functions on the runtime.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub enum Function {
+	/// Set the timestamp.
+	TimestampSet(::Timestamp),
+	/// Set temporary session key as a validator.
+	SessionSetKey(::SessionKey),
+	/// Staking subsystem: begin staking.
+	StakingStake,
+	/// Staking subsystem: stop staking.
+	StakingUnstake,
+	/// Staking subsystem: transfer stake.
+	StakingTransfer(::AccountId, ::Balance),
+	/// Make a proposal for the governance system.
+	GovernancePropose(Proposal),
+	/// Approve a proposal for the governance system.
+	GovernanceApprove(BlockNumber),
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Function {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		let id = try_opt!(u8::from_slice(value).and_then(FunctionId::from_u8));
+		Some(match id {
+			FunctionId::TimestampSet =>
+				Function::TimestampSet(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			FunctionId::SessionSetKey =>
+				Function::SessionSetKey(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			FunctionId::StakingStake => Function::StakingStake,
+			FunctionId::StakingUnstake => Function::StakingUnstake,
+			FunctionId::StakingTransfer => {
+				let to  = try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value));
+				let amount = try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value));
+
+				Function::StakingTransfer(to, amount)
+			}
+			FunctionId::GovernancePropose =>
+				Function::GovernancePropose(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+			FunctionId::GovernanceApprove =>
+				Function::GovernanceApprove(try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value))),
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let mut v = Vec::new();
+		match *self {
+			Function::TimestampSet(ref data) => {
+				(FunctionId::TimestampSet as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			Function::SessionSetKey(ref data) => {
+				(FunctionId::SessionSetKey as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			Function::StakingStake => {
+				(FunctionId::StakingStake as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			Function::StakingUnstake => {
+				(FunctionId::StakingUnstake as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			Function::StakingTransfer(ref to, ref amount) => {
+				(FunctionId::StakingTransfer as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				to.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				amount.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			Function::GovernancePropose(ref data) => {
+				(FunctionId::GovernancePropose as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+			Function::GovernanceApprove(ref data) => {
+				(FunctionId::GovernanceApprove as u8).as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+				data.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+			}
+		}
+
+		v
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(self.to_vec().as_slice())
+	}
+}
+
+/// A vetted and verified transaction from the external world.
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct Transaction {
+	/// Who signed it (note this is not a signature).
+	pub signed: ::AccountId,
+	/// The number of transactions have come before from the same signer.
+	pub nonce: ::TxOrder,
+	/// The function that should be called.
+	pub function: Function,
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Transaction {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Some(Transaction {
+			signed: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			nonce: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+			function: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let mut v = Vec::new();
+
+		self.signed.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.nonce.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.function.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+
+		v
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(self.to_vec().as_slice())
+	}
+}
+
+/// A transactions right from the external world. Unchecked.
+#[derive(Eq, Clone)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct UncheckedTransaction {
+	/// The actual transaction information.
+	pub transaction: Transaction,
+	/// The signature; should be an Ed25519 signature applied to the serialised `transaction` field.
+	pub signature: ::Signature,
+}
+
+impl Slicable for UncheckedTransaction {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		Some(UncheckedTransaction {
+			transaction: try_opt!(Transaction::from_slice(value)),
+			signature: try_opt!(Slicable::from_slice(value)),
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let mut v = Vec::new();
+
+		self.transaction.signed.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.transaction.nonce.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.transaction.function.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+		self.signature.as_slice_then(|s| v.extend(s));
+
+		v
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(self.to_vec().as_slice())
+	}
+}
+
+impl ::codec::NonTrivialSlicable for UncheckedTransaction {}
+
+impl PartialEq for UncheckedTransaction {
+	fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+		self.signature.iter().eq(other.signature.iter()) && self.transaction == other.transaction
+	}
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for UncheckedTransaction {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		write!(f, "UncheckedTransaction({:?})", self.transaction)
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use ::codec::Slicable;
+	use super::*;
+
+	#[test]
+	fn serialize_unchecked() {
+		let tx = UncheckedTransaction {
+			transaction: Transaction {
+				signed: [1; 32],
+				nonce: 999u64,
+				function: Function::TimestampSet(135135),
+			},
+			signature: ::hash::H512([0; 64]),
+		};
+
+		let v = Slicable::to_vec(&tx);
+		assert_eq!(UncheckedTransaction::from_slice(&mut &v[..]).unwrap(), tx);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/tests.rs b/primitives/src/tests.rs
similarity index 76%
rename from wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/tests.rs
rename to primitives/src/tests.rs
index 9b17672eb1b7e..88710c441206e 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/tests.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/tests.rs
@@ -16,27 +16,27 @@
 
 //! Tests.
 
-use super::*;
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use codec::{Joiner, Slicable};
-use primitives::Function;
+use codec::Slicable;
+
+use ::AccountId;
+use relay::block::{Block, Header, Digest, Log};
+use relay::transaction::{UncheckedTransaction, Transaction, Function};
 
 #[test]
 fn serialise_transaction_works() {
-	let one: AccountID = [1u8; 32];
-	let two: AccountID = [2u8; 32];
+	let one: AccountId = [1u8; 32];
+	let two: AccountId = [2u8; 32];
 	let tx = Transaction {
 		signed: one.clone(),
 		nonce: 69,
-		function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-		input_data: Vec::new().join(&two).join(&69u64),
+		function: Function::StakingTransfer(two, 69),
 	};
+
 	let serialised = tx.to_vec();
 	assert_eq!(serialised, vec![
 		1u8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 		69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 		34,
-		40, 0, 0, 0,
 			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 			69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
 	]);
@@ -44,34 +44,33 @@ fn serialise_transaction_works() {
 
 #[test]
 fn deserialise_transaction_works() {
-	let one: AccountID = [1u8; 32];
-	let two: AccountID = [2u8; 32];
+	let one: AccountId = [1u8; 32];
+	let two: AccountId = [2u8; 32];
 	let tx = Transaction {
 		signed: one.clone(),
 		nonce: 69,
-		function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-		input_data: Vec::new().join(&two).join(&69u64),
+		function: Function::StakingTransfer(two, 69),
 	};
+
 	let data = [
 		1u8, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 		69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 		34,
-		40, 0, 0, 0,
 			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 			69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
 	];
-	let deserialised = Transaction::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
+	let deserialised = Transaction::from_slice(&mut &data[..]).unwrap();
 	assert_eq!(deserialised, tx);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn serialise_header_works() {
 	let h = Header {
-		parent_hash: [4u8; 32],
+		parent_hash: [4u8; 32].into(),
 		number: 42,
-		state_root: [5u8; 32],
-		transaction_root: [6u8; 32],
-		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ b"one log".to_vec(), b"another log".to_vec() ], },
+		state_root: [5u8; 32].into(),
+		transaction_root: [6u8; 32].into(),
+		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ Log(b"one log".to_vec()), Log(b"another log".to_vec()) ], },
 	};
 	let serialised = h.to_vec();
 	assert_eq!(serialised, vec![
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ fn serialise_header_works() {
 		42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 		5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
 		6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
-		26, 0, 0, 0,
+		2, 0, 0, 0,
 			7, 0, 0, 0,
 				111, 110, 101, 32, 108, 111, 103,
 			11, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -90,55 +89,53 @@ fn serialise_header_works() {
 #[test]
 fn deserialise_header_works() {
 	let h = Header {
-		parent_hash: [4u8; 32],
+		parent_hash: [4u8; 32].into(),
 		number: 42,
-		state_root: [5u8; 32],
-		transaction_root: [6u8; 32],
-		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ b"one log".to_vec(), b"another log".to_vec() ], },
+		state_root: [5u8; 32].into(),
+		transaction_root: [6u8; 32].into(),
+		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ Log(b"one log".to_vec()), Log(b"another log".to_vec()) ], },
 	};
 	let data = [
 		4u8, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
 		42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 		5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
 		6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
-		26, 0, 0, 0,
+		2, 0, 0, 0,
 			7, 0, 0, 0,
 				111, 110, 101, 32, 108, 111, 103,
 			11, 0, 0, 0,
 				97, 110, 111, 116, 104, 101, 114, 32, 108, 111, 103
 	];
-	let deserialised = Header::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
+	let deserialised = Header::from_slice(&mut &data[..]).unwrap();
 	assert_eq!(deserialised, h);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn serialise_block_works() {
-	let one: AccountID = [1u8; 32];
-	let two: AccountID = [2u8; 32];
+	let one: AccountId = [1u8; 32];
+	let two: AccountId = [2u8; 32];
 	let tx1 = UncheckedTransaction {
 		transaction: Transaction {
 			signed: one.clone(),
 			nonce: 69,
-			function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-			input_data: Vec::new().join(&two).join(&69u64),
+			function: Function::StakingTransfer(two, 69),
 		},
-		signature: [1u8; 64],
+		signature: [1u8; 64].into(),
 	};
 	let tx2 = UncheckedTransaction {
 		transaction: Transaction {
 			signed: two.clone(),
 			nonce: 42,
 			function: Function::StakingStake,
-			input_data: Vec::new(),
 		},
-		signature: [2u8; 64],
+		signature: [2u8; 64].into(),
 	};
 	let h = Header {
-		parent_hash: [4u8; 32],
+		parent_hash: [4u8; 32].into(),
 		number: 42,
-		state_root: [5u8; 32],
-		transaction_root: [6u8; 32],
-		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ b"one log".to_vec(), b"another log".to_vec() ], },
+		state_root: [5u8; 32].into(),
+		transaction_root: [6u8; 32].into(),
+		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ Log(b"one log".to_vec()), Log(b"another log".to_vec()) ], },
 	};
 	let b = Block {
 		header: h,
@@ -151,58 +148,54 @@ fn serialise_block_works() {
 		42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 		5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
 		6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
-		26, 0, 0, 0,
+		2, 0, 0, 0,
 			7, 0, 0, 0,
 				111, 110, 101, 32, 108, 111, 103,
 			11, 0, 0, 0,
 				97, 110, 111, 116, 104, 101, 114, 32, 108, 111, 103,
 		// transactions
-		2, 1, 0, 0,
+		2, 0, 0, 0,
 			// tx1
-			1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 			1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 			69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 			34,
-			40, 0, 0, 0,
 				2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 				69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+			1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 			// tx2
-			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 			42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 			32,
-			0, 0, 0, 0
+			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 	]);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn deserialise_block_works() {
-	let one: AccountID = [1u8; 32];
-	let two: AccountID = [2u8; 32];
+	let one: AccountId = [1u8; 32];
+	let two: AccountId = [2u8; 32];
 	let tx1 = UncheckedTransaction {
 		transaction: Transaction {
 			signed: one.clone(),
 			nonce: 69,
-			function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-			input_data: Vec::new().join(&two).join(&69u64),
+			function: Function::StakingTransfer(two, 69),
 		},
-		signature: [1u8; 64],
+		signature: [1u8; 64].into(),
 	};
 	let tx2 = UncheckedTransaction {
 		transaction: Transaction {
 			signed: two.clone(),
 			nonce: 42,
 			function: Function::StakingStake,
-			input_data: Vec::new(),
 		},
-		signature: [2u8; 64],
+		signature: [2u8; 64].into(),
 	};
 	let h = Header {
-		parent_hash: [4u8; 32],
+		parent_hash: [4u8; 32].into(),
 		number: 42,
-		state_root: [5u8; 32],
-		transaction_root: [6u8; 32],
-		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ b"one log".to_vec(), b"another log".to_vec() ], },
+		state_root: [5u8; 32].into(),
+		transaction_root: [6u8; 32].into(),
+		digest: Digest { logs: vec![ Log(b"one log".to_vec()), Log(b"another log".to_vec()) ], },
 	};
 	let b = Block {
 		header: h,
@@ -214,28 +207,26 @@ fn deserialise_block_works() {
 		42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 		5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
 		6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
-		26, 0, 0, 0,
+		2, 0, 0, 0,
 			7, 0, 0, 0,
 				111, 110, 101, 32, 108, 111, 103,
 			11, 0, 0, 0,
 				97, 110, 111, 116, 104, 101, 114, 32, 108, 111, 103,
 		// transactions
-		2, 1, 0, 0,
+		2, 0, 0, 0,
 			// tx1
-			1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 			1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 			69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 			34,
-			40, 0, 0, 0,
 				2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 				69, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+			1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
 			// tx2
-			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 			42, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 			32,
-			0, 0, 0, 0
+			2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
 	];
-	let deserialised = Block::from_slice(&data).unwrap();
+	let deserialised = Block::from_slice(&mut &data[..]).unwrap();
 	assert_eq!(deserialised, b);
 }
diff --git a/primitives/src/validator.rs b/primitives/src/validator.rs
index b6de301cb492e..e6cba21e73b66 100644
--- a/primitives/src/validator.rs
+++ b/primitives/src/validator.rs
@@ -16,25 +16,31 @@
 
 //! Validator primitives.
 
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use bytes;
+use bytes::Vec;
 use parachain;
 
 /// Parachain outgoing message.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct EgressPost(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct EgressPost(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Balance upload.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct BalanceUpload(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct BalanceUpload(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// Balance download.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct BalanceDownload(#[serde(with="bytes")] pub Vec<u8>);
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+pub struct BalanceDownload(#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(with="bytes"))] pub Vec<u8>);
 
 /// The result of parachain validation.
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(rename_all = "camelCase"))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", serde(deny_unknown_fields))]
 pub struct ValidationResult {
 	/// New head data that should be included in the relay chain state.
 	pub head_data: parachain::HeadData,
@@ -44,26 +50,6 @@ pub struct ValidationResult {
 	pub balance_uploads: Vec<BalanceUpload>,
 }
 
-// TODO [ToDr] This shouldn't be here!
-/// Validator logic.
-pub trait Validator {
-	/// Validation error.
-	type Error: ::std::error::Error;
-
-	/// Validates if the provided proof holds given a current ingress queue.
-	///
-	/// In case of success produces egress posts.
-	fn validate(
-		&self,
-		code: &[u8],
-		// TODO [ToDr] actually consolidate
-		consolidated_ingress: &[(u64, Vec<parachain::Message>)],
-		balance_downloads: &[BalanceDownload],
-		block_data: &parachain::BlockData,
-		previous_head_data: &parachain::HeadData,
-	) -> Result<ValidationResult, Self::Error>;
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
diff --git a/rpc_servers/Cargo.toml b/rpc-servers/Cargo.toml
similarity index 100%
rename from rpc_servers/Cargo.toml
rename to rpc-servers/Cargo.toml
diff --git a/rpc_servers/src/lib.rs b/rpc-servers/src/lib.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from rpc_servers/src/lib.rs
rename to rpc-servers/src/lib.rs
diff --git a/rpc/Cargo.toml b/rpc/Cargo.toml
index 66d11d94dd4a4..8095f88fff114 100644
--- a/rpc/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rpc/Cargo.toml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jsonrpc-core = { git="https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git" }
 jsonrpc-macros = { git="https://github.com/paritytech/jsonrpc.git" }
 polkadot-client = { path = "../client", version = "0.1" }
 polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives", version = "0.1" }
-polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state_machine", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state-machine", version = "0.1" }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 assert_matches = "1.1"
diff --git a/rpc/src/chain/mod.rs b/rpc/src/chain/mod.rs
index 519bdefb4a197..b69c2af8a012f 100644
--- a/rpc/src/chain/mod.rs
+++ b/rpc/src/chain/mod.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 //! Polkadot blockchain API.
 
-use primitives::block;
+use primitives::relay::block;
 use client;
 use state_machine;
 
diff --git a/rpc/src/chain/tests.rs b/rpc/src/chain/tests.rs
index bf2f3afdac937..952b20b35cb3a 100644
--- a/rpc/src/chain/tests.rs
+++ b/rpc/src/chain/tests.rs
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ fn should_return_header() {
 	let client = client::new_in_mem(executor::executor()).unwrap();
 
 	assert_matches!(
-		ChainApi::header(&client, "11265ce45dd2baaaf071f6df8c5a44f0ed1d85a50e71451ff2d4345e57d12e3a".into()),
+		ChainApi::header(&client, "af65e54217fb213853703d57b80fc5b2bb834bf923046294d7a49bff62f0a8b2".into()),
 		Ok(Some(ref x)) if x == &block::Header {
 			parent_hash: 0.into(),
 			number: 0,
 			state_root: 0.into(),
-			parachain_activity: Default::default(),
-			logs: vec![],
+			transaction_root: Default::default(),
+			digest: Default::default(),
 		}
 	);
 
diff --git a/rpc/src/state/mod.rs b/rpc/src/state/mod.rs
index 12905b7545360..07b78a97c868c 100644
--- a/rpc/src/state/mod.rs
+++ b/rpc/src/state/mod.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ mod error;
 mod tests;
 
 use client::{self, Client};
-use primitives::{block};
+use primitives::relay::block;
 use primitives::contract::{CallData, StorageKey, StorageData};
 use state_machine;
 
diff --git a/rpc/src/state/tests.rs b/rpc/src/state/tests.rs
index b62221adea051..556fa8cfced25 100644
--- a/rpc/src/state/tests.rs
+++ b/rpc/src/state/tests.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use client;
 #[test]
 fn should_return_storage() {
 	let client = client::new_in_mem(executor::executor()).unwrap();
-	let genesis_hash = "11265ce45dd2baaaf071f6df8c5a44f0ed1d85a50e71451ff2d4345e57d12e3a".into();
+	let genesis_hash = "af65e54217fb213853703d57b80fc5b2bb834bf923046294d7a49bff62f0a8b2".into();
 
 	assert_matches!(
 		StateApi::storage(&client, StorageKey(vec![10]), genesis_hash),
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ fn should_return_storage() {
 fn should_call_contract() {
 	// TODO [ToDr] Fix test after we are able to mock state.
 	let client = client::new_in_mem(executor::executor()).unwrap();
-	let genesis_hash = "11265ce45dd2baaaf071f6df8c5a44f0ed1d85a50e71451ff2d4345e57d12e3a".into();
+	let genesis_hash = "af65e54217fb213853703d57b80fc5b2bb834bf923046294d7a49bff62f0a8b2".into();
 
 	assert_matches!(
 		StateApi::call(&client, "balanceOf".into(), CallData(vec![1,2,3]), genesis_hash),
diff --git a/runtime-codec/Cargo.toml b/runtime-codec/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..c85c9c0631259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime-codec/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[package]
+name = "polkadot-runtime-codec"
+description = "Serialization and deserialization codec for runtime values"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[features]
+std = []
+default = ["std"]
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/endiansensitive.rs b/runtime-codec/src/endiansensitive.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/endiansensitive.rs
rename to runtime-codec/src/endiansensitive.rs
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/joiner.rs b/runtime-codec/src/joiner.rs
similarity index 69%
rename from wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/joiner.rs
rename to runtime-codec/src/joiner.rs
index a7a9f618eb951..1d19851243320 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/joiner.rs
+++ b/runtime-codec/src/joiner.rs
@@ -14,19 +14,20 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-//! Vec<u8> serialiser.
+//! Trait
 
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
+use std::iter::Extend;
 use super::slicable::Slicable;
 
-/// Trait to allow itself to be serialised into a `Vec<u8>`
+/// Trait to allow itself to be serialised into a value which can be extended
+/// by bytes.
 pub trait Joiner {
-	fn join<T: Slicable + Sized>(self, value: &T) -> Self;
+	fn join<V: Slicable + Sized>(self, value: &V) -> Self;
 }
 
-impl Joiner for Vec<u8> {
-	fn join<T: Slicable + Sized>(mut self, value: &T) -> Vec<u8> {
-		value.as_slice_then(|s| self.extend_from_slice(s));
+impl<T> Joiner for T where T: for<'a> Extend<&'a u8> {
+	fn join<V: Slicable + Sized>(mut self, value: &V) -> Self {
+		value.as_slice_then(|s| self.extend(s));
 		self
 	}
 }
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/keyedvec.rs b/runtime-codec/src/keyedvec.rs
similarity index 92%
rename from wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/keyedvec.rs
rename to runtime-codec/src/keyedvec.rs
index 2c55cb5648748..2b4bc99fbd621 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/keyedvec.rs
+++ b/runtime-codec/src/keyedvec.rs
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 
 //! Serialiser and prepender.
 
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use super::slicable::Slicable;
+use slicable::Slicable;
+use std::iter::Extend;
+use std::vec::Vec;
 
 /// Trait to allow itselg to be serialised and prepended by a given slice.
 pub trait KeyedVec {
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_non_endians {
 		impl KeyedVec for $t {
 			fn to_keyed_vec(&self, prepend_key: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
 				let mut r = prepend_key.to_vec();
-				r.extend_from_slice(&self[..]);
+				r.extend(&self[..]);
 				r
 			}
 		}
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_endians {
 			fn to_keyed_vec(&self, prepend_key: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
 				self.as_slice_then(|slice| {
 					let mut r = prepend_key.to_vec();
-					r.extend_from_slice(slice);
+					r.extend(slice);
 					r
 				})
 			}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/mod.rs b/runtime-codec/src/lib.rs
similarity index 76%
rename from wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/mod.rs
rename to runtime-codec/src/lib.rs
index 94afc574c1107..3e076858bebed 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/mod.rs
+++ b/runtime-codec/src/lib.rs
@@ -14,16 +14,26 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-//! Codec utils.
+//! Implements the serialization and deserialization codec for polkadot runtime
+//! values.
+
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), feature(alloc))]
 
 mod endiansensitive;
 mod slicable;
-mod streamreader;
 mod joiner;
 mod keyedvec;
 
 pub use self::endiansensitive::EndianSensitive;
 pub use self::slicable::{Slicable, NonTrivialSlicable};
-pub use self::streamreader::StreamReader;
 pub use self::joiner::Joiner;
 pub use self::keyedvec::KeyedVec;
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+mod std {
+	extern crate alloc;
+
+	pub use core::*;
+	pub use self::alloc::vec;
+}
diff --git a/runtime-codec/src/slicable.rs b/runtime-codec/src/slicable.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..1d76fb851e3e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime-codec/src/slicable.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+//! Serialisation.
+
+use std::{mem, slice};
+use std::vec::Vec;
+use super::joiner::Joiner;
+use super::endiansensitive::EndianSensitive;
+
+/// Trait that allows zero-copy read/write of value-references to/from slices in LE format.
+pub trait Slicable: Sized {
+	/// Attempt to deserialise the value from a slice. Ignore trailing bytes and
+	/// set the slice's start to just after the last byte consumed.
+	///
+	/// If `None` is returned, then the slice should be unmodified.
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self>;
+	/// Convert self to an owned vector.
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		self.as_slice_then(|s| s.to_vec())
+	}
+	/// Convert self to a slice and then invoke the given closure with it.
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R;
+}
+
+/// Trait to mark that a type is not trivially (essentially "in place") serialisable.
+pub trait NonTrivialSlicable: Slicable {}
+
+impl<T: EndianSensitive> Slicable for T {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
+		assert!(size > 0, "EndianSensitive can never be implemented for a zero-sized type.");
+		if value.len() >= size {
+			let x: T = unsafe { ::std::ptr::read(value.as_ptr() as *const T) };
+			*value = &value[size..];
+			Some(x.from_le())
+		} else {
+			None
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		self.as_le_then(|le| {
+			let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
+			let value_slice = unsafe {
+				let ptr = le as *const _ as *const u8;
+				if size != 0 {
+					slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, size)
+				} else {
+					&[]
+				}
+			};
+
+			f(value_slice)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+impl Slicable for Vec<u8> {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		u32::from_slice(value).map(move |len| {
+			let len = len as usize;
+			let res = value[..len].to_vec();
+			*value = &value[len..];
+			res
+		})
+	}
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(&self.to_vec())
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		let len = self.len();
+		assert!(len <= u32::max_value() as usize, "Attempted to serialize vec with too many elements.");
+
+		let mut r: Vec<u8> = Vec::new().join(&(len as u32));
+		r.extend_from_slice(self);
+		r
+	}
+}
+
+impl<T: Slicable> NonTrivialSlicable for Vec<T> where Vec<T>: Slicable {}
+
+impl<T: NonTrivialSlicable> Slicable for Vec<T> {
+	fn from_slice(value: &mut &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
+		u32::from_slice(value).and_then(move |len| {
+			let len = len as usize;
+			let mut r = Vec::with_capacity(len);
+			for _ in 0..len {
+				match T::from_slice(value) {
+					None => return None,
+					Some(v) => r.push(v),
+				}
+			}
+
+			Some(r)
+		})
+	}
+
+	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
+		f(&self.to_vec())
+	}
+
+	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+		use std::iter::Extend;
+
+		let len = self.len();
+		assert!(len <= u32::max_value() as usize, "Attempted to serialize vec with too many elements.");
+
+		let mut r: Vec<u8> = Vec::new().join(&(len as u32));
+		for item in self {
+			r.extend(item.to_vec());
+		}
+		r
+	}
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+	use super::*;
+
+	#[test]
+	fn vec_is_slicable() {
+		let v = b"Hello world".to_vec();
+		v.as_slice_then(|ref slice|
+			assert_eq!(slice, &b"\x0b\0\0\0Hello world")
+		);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/runtime-std/Cargo.toml b/runtime-std/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..7ecafc73ce617
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime-std/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+[package]
+name = "polkadot-runtime-std"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
+build = "build.rs"
+
+[build-dependencies]
+rustc_version = "0.2"
+
+[dependencies]
+pwasm-alloc = { path = "../wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc", version = "0.1" }
+pwasm-libc = { path = "../wasm-runtime/pwasm-libc", version = "0.1" }
+environmental = { path = "../environmental", version = "0.1", optional = true }
+polkadot-state-machine = { path = "../state-machine", version = "0.1", optional = true }
+polkadot-primitives = { path = "../primitives", version = "0.1", default_features = false }
+polkadot-runtime-codec = { path = "../runtime-codec", version = "0.1", default_features = false }
+triehash = { version = "0.1", optional = true }
+ed25519 = { path = "../ed25519", version = "0.1", optional = true }
+
+[features]
+default = ["std"]
+std = [
+	"environmental",
+	"polkadot-state-machine",
+	"triehash",
+	"polkadot-primitives/std",
+	"polkadot-runtime-codec/std",
+	"ed25519",
+]
+nightly = []
+strict = []
diff --git a/runtime-std/build.rs b/runtime-std/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..35eb154f3a69a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime-std/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//! Set a nightly feature
+
+extern crate rustc_version;
+use rustc_version::{version, version_meta, Channel};
+
+fn main() {
+    // Assert we haven't travelled back in time
+    assert!(version().unwrap().major >= 1);
+
+    // Set cfg flags depending on release channel
+    if let Channel::Nightly = version_meta().unwrap().channel {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=feature=\"nightly\"");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/runtime-std/src/lib.rs b/runtime-std/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6cee2e33262e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime-std/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
+// This file is part of Polkadot.
+
+// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+
+// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), feature(lang_items))]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), feature(core_intrinsics))]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), feature(alloc))]
+
+#![cfg_attr(feature = "std", doc = "Polkadot runtime standard library as compiled when linked with Rust's standard library.")]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), doc = "Polkadot's runtime standard library as compiled without Rust's standard library.")]
+
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_codec as codec;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+include!("../with_std.rs");
+
+#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+include!("../without_std.rs");
+
+/// Prelude of common useful imports.
+///
+/// This should include only things which are in the normal std prelude.
+pub mod prelude {
+	pub use ::vec::Vec;
+	pub use ::boxed::Box;
+}
+
+/// Type definitions and helpers for transactions.
+pub mod transaction {
+	pub use primitives::relay::{Transaction, UncheckedTransaction};
+	use primitives::Signature;
+
+	#[cfg(feature = "std")]
+	use std::ops;
+
+	#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
+	use core::ops;
+
+	/// A type-safe indicator that a transaction has been checked.
+	#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+	#[cfg_attr(feature = "std", derive(Debug))]
+	pub struct CheckedTransaction(UncheckedTransaction);
+
+	impl CheckedTransaction {
+		/// Get a reference to the checked signature.
+		pub fn signature(&self) -> &Signature {
+			&self.0.signature
+		}
+	}
+
+	impl ops::Deref for CheckedTransaction {
+		type Target = Transaction;
+
+		fn deref(&self) -> &Transaction {
+			&self.0.transaction
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Check the signature on a transaction.
+	///
+	/// On failure, return the transaction back.
+	pub fn check(tx: UncheckedTransaction) -> Result<CheckedTransaction, UncheckedTransaction> {
+		let msg = ::codec::Slicable::to_vec(&tx.transaction);
+		if ::ed25519_verify(&tx.signature.0, &msg, &tx.transaction.signed) {
+			Ok(CheckedTransaction(tx))
+		} else {
+			Err(tx)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/native-runtime/std/src/lib.rs b/runtime-std/with_std.rs
similarity index 89%
rename from native-runtime/std/src/lib.rs
rename to runtime-std/with_std.rs
index e24e9d7bb3a05..d03cf840fc1b5 100644
--- a/native-runtime/std/src/lib.rs
+++ b/runtime-std/with_std.rs
@@ -14,16 +14,13 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-//! The with-std support functions for the runtime.
-
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate environmental;
+
 extern crate polkadot_state_machine;
 extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
 extern crate triehash;
-
-use std::fmt;
-use primitives::ed25519;
+extern crate ed25519;
 
 pub use std::vec;
 pub use std::rc;
@@ -32,26 +29,14 @@ pub use std::boxed;
 pub use std::slice;
 pub use std::mem;
 
-/// Prelude of common useful imports.
-///
-/// This should include only things which are in the normal std prelude.
-pub mod prelude {
-	pub use std::vec::Vec;
-	pub use std::boxed::Box;
-}
+// re-export hashing functions.
+pub use primitives::{blake2_256, twox_128, twox_256};
 
 pub use polkadot_state_machine::{Externalities, ExternalitiesError, TestExternalities};
 use primitives::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
 
 // TODO: use the real error, not NoError.
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
-/// As it says - an empty type we use for errors.
-pub struct NoError;
-impl fmt::Display for NoError {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "") }
-}
-
 environmental!(ext : trait Externalities);
 
 /// Get `key` from storage and return a `Vec`, empty if there's a problem.
@@ -105,12 +90,9 @@ pub fn enumerated_trie_root(serialised_values: &[&[u8]]) -> [u8; 32] {
 	triehash::ordered_trie_root(serialised_values.iter().map(|s| s.to_vec())).0
 }
 
-/// Conduct a Keccak-256 hash of the given data.
-pub use primitives::{blake2_256, twox_128, twox_256};
-
 /// Verify a ed25519 signature.
 pub fn ed25519_verify(sig: &[u8; 64], msg: &[u8], pubkey: &[u8; 32]) -> bool {
-	ed25519::verify(&sig[..], msg, &pubkey[..])
+	ed25519::verify(sig, msg, pubkey)
 }
 
 /// Execute the given closure with global function available whose functionality routes into the
@@ -119,6 +101,7 @@ pub fn with_externalities<R, F: FnOnce() -> R>(ext: &mut Externalities, f: F) ->
 	ext::using(ext, f)
 }
 
+/// Trait for things which can be printed.
 pub trait Printable {
 	fn print(self);
 }
@@ -141,6 +124,7 @@ impl Printable for u64 {
 	}
 }
 
+/// Print a printable value.
 pub fn print<T: Printable + Sized>(value: T) {
 	value.print();
 }
@@ -151,7 +135,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_stubs {
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
+mod std_tests {
 	use super::*;
 
 	macro_rules! map {
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/std/src/lib.rs b/runtime-std/without_std.rs
similarity index 90%
rename from wasm-runtime/std/src/lib.rs
rename to runtime-std/without_std.rs
index d04fbd532d220..f599f6c3d2aaa 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/std/src/lib.rs
+++ b/runtime-std/without_std.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-#![no_std]
-#![feature(lang_items)]
-#![feature(core_intrinsics)]
-#![feature(alloc)]
-#![cfg_attr(feature = "strict", deny(warnings))]
-
-#[macro_use]
-#[macro_export]
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
 extern crate alloc;
 
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+extern crate pwasm_libc;
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+extern crate pwasm_alloc;
+
+extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
+
 pub use alloc::vec;
 pub use alloc::boxed;
 pub use alloc::rc;
@@ -15,17 +15,8 @@ pub use core::mem;
 pub use core::slice;
 pub use core::cell;
 
-/// Common re-exports that are useful to have in scope.
-pub mod prelude {
-	pub use alloc::vec::Vec;
-	pub use alloc::boxed::Box;
-}
-
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 
-extern crate pwasm_libc;
-extern crate pwasm_alloc;
-
 #[lang = "panic_fmt"]
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern fn panic_fmt(_fmt: ::core::fmt::Arguments, _file: &'static str, _line: u32, _col: u32) {
@@ -53,6 +44,7 @@ extern "C" {
 	fn ext_ed25519_verify(msg_data: *const u8, msg_len: u32, sig_data: *const u8, pubkey_data: *const u8) -> u32;
 }
 
+/// Get `key` from storage and return a `Vec`, empty if there's a problem.
 pub fn storage(key: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
 	let mut length: u32 = 0;
 	unsafe {
@@ -61,6 +53,7 @@ pub fn storage(key: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
 	}
 }
 
+/// Set the storage to some particular key.
 pub fn set_storage(key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) {
 	unsafe {
 		ext_set_storage(
@@ -70,6 +63,8 @@ pub fn set_storage(key: &[u8], value: &[u8]) {
 	}
 }
 
+/// Get `key` from storage, placing the value into `value_out` (as much as possible) and return
+/// the number of bytes that the key in storage was.
 pub fn read_storage(key: &[u8], value_out: &mut [u8], value_offset: usize) -> usize {
 	unsafe {
 		ext_get_storage_into(key.as_ptr(), key.len() as u32, value_out.as_mut_ptr(), value_out.len() as u32, value_offset as u32) as usize
@@ -141,6 +136,7 @@ pub fn ed25519_verify(sig: &[u8], msg: &[u8], pubkey: &[u8]) -> bool {
 	} == 0
 }
 
+/// Trait for things which can be printed.
 pub trait Printable {
 	fn print(self);
 }
@@ -167,6 +163,7 @@ impl Printable for u64 {
 	}
 }
 
+/// Print a printable value.
 pub fn print<T: Printable + Sized>(value: T) {
 	value.print();
 }
diff --git a/serializer/Cargo.toml b/serializer/Cargo.toml
index 5b9849656013a..259f43016dea6 100644
--- a/serializer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/serializer/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 
 [dependencies]
-serde = "1.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0", default_features = false }
 serde_json = "1.0"
diff --git a/state_machine/Cargo.toml b/state-machine/Cargo.toml
similarity index 100%
rename from state_machine/Cargo.toml
rename to state-machine/Cargo.toml
diff --git a/state_machine/src/backend.rs b/state-machine/src/backend.rs
similarity index 97%
rename from state_machine/src/backend.rs
rename to state-machine/src/backend.rs
index 3efaf67953c70..2ad10e44d368a 100644
--- a/state_machine/src/backend.rs
+++ b/state-machine/src/backend.rs
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 //! State machine backends. These manage the code and storage of contracts.
 
 use std::{error, fmt};
-use primitives::hash::H256;
-use triehash::sec_trie_root;
 
 use super::{Update, MemoryState};
 
diff --git a/state_machine/src/ext.rs b/state-machine/src/ext.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from state_machine/src/ext.rs
rename to state-machine/src/ext.rs
diff --git a/state_machine/src/lib.rs b/state-machine/src/lib.rs
similarity index 99%
rename from state_machine/src/lib.rs
rename to state-machine/src/lib.rs
index dcb8a3b4c88d6..386c5da20a757 100644
--- a/state_machine/src/lib.rs
+++ b/state-machine/src/lib.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@
 #![warn(missing_docs)]
 
 extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
-#[macro_use]
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, macro_use)]
 extern crate hex_literal;
 
 extern crate hashdb;
@@ -201,7 +202,6 @@ pub fn execute<B: backend::Backend, Exec: CodeExecutor>(
 		};
 		// make a copy.
 		let code = externalities.storage(b":code").unwrap_or(&[]).to_vec();
-		use primitives::hexdisplay::HexDisplay;
 
 		exec.call(
 			&mut externalities,
diff --git a/state_machine/src/testing.rs b/state-machine/src/testing.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from state_machine/src/testing.rs
rename to state-machine/src/testing.rs
diff --git a/validator/src/validator.rs b/validator/src/validator.rs
index 40fa94b80d71c..c251e379183bd 100644
--- a/validator/src/validator.rs
+++ b/validator/src/validator.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use primitives::{validator, parachain};
 use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 use serializer;
 
-use error::{Error, ErrorKind, Result};
+use error::{ErrorKind, Result};
 use parachains::{ParachainCode, ParaChain1};
 
 /// A dummy validator implementation.
@@ -40,10 +40,8 @@ impl Validator {
 	}
 }
 
-impl validator::Validator for Validator {
-	type Error = Error;
-
-	fn validate(
+impl Validator {
+	pub fn validate(
 		&self,
 		code: &[u8],
 		consolidated_ingress: &[(u64, Vec<parachain::Message>)],
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/Cargo.lock b/wasm-runtime/Cargo.lock
index 15ccc67c64307..287249192e264 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/Cargo.lock
+++ b/wasm-runtime/Cargo.lock
@@ -1,33 +1,861 @@
+[[package]]
+name = "aho-corasick"
+version = "0.6.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr 2.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ansi_term"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "arrayvec"
+version = "0.3.25"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "nodrop 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "odds 0.2.26 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "arrayvec"
+version = "0.4.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "nodrop 0.1.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bigint"
+version = "4.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "crunchy 0.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc_version 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bitflags"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "blake2-rfc"
+version = "0.2.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrayvec 0.4.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "constant_time_eq 0.1.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "byteorder"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cc"
+version = "1.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cfg-if"
+version = "0.1.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "coco"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "either 1.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "scopeguard 0.3.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "constant_time_eq"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crunchy"
+version = "0.1.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ed25519"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "polkadot-primitives 0.1.0",
+ "ring 0.12.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc-hex 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "untrusted 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "either"
+version = "1.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "elastic-array"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "env_logger"
+version = "0.4.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "log 0.3.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "regex 0.2.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "environmental"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ethcore-bigint"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "bigint 4.2.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "heapsize 0.4.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "libc 0.2.36 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/Cargo.toml b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/Cargo.toml
index 669ccac6fa6c0..b0bc7a480b0b9 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/Cargo.toml
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-runtime-std = { path = "../std", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-runtime-codec = { path = "../../runtime-codec", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
+polkadot-runtime-std = { path = "../../runtime-std", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
+polkadot-primitives = { path = "../../primitives", version = "0.1", default-features = false }
 
 [features]
-default = ["without-std"]
-with-std = []
-without-std = []
+default = []
+std = ["polkadot-runtime-codec/std", "polkadot-runtime-std/std", "polkadot-primitives/std"]
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/slicable.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/slicable.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f062bc6541f8..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/slicable.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Serialisation.
-
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use runtime_std::{mem, slice};
-use super::joiner::Joiner;
-use super::endiansensitive::EndianSensitive;
-
-/// Trait that allows zero-copy read/write of value-references to/from slices in LE format.
-pub trait Slicable: Sized {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		Self::set_as_slice(&|out, offset| if value.len() >= out.len() + offset {
-			let value = &value[offset..];
-			let len = out.len();
-			out.copy_from_slice(&value[0..len]);
-			true
-		} else {
-			false
-		})
-	}
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		self.as_slice_then(|s| s.to_vec())
-	}
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(set_slice: &F) -> Option<Self>;
-	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
-		f(&self.to_vec())
-	}
-	fn size_of(_value: &[u8]) -> Option<usize>;
-}
-
-/// Trait to mark that a type is not trivially (essentially "in place") serialisable.
-pub trait NonTrivialSlicable: Slicable {}
-
-impl<T: EndianSensitive> Slicable for T {
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		let size = mem::size_of::<T>();
-		assert!(size > 0, "EndianSensitive can never be implemented for a zero-sized type.");
-		let mut result: T = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
-		let result_slice = unsafe {
-			let ptr = &mut result as *mut _ as *mut u8;
-			slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, size)
-		};
-		if fill_slice(result_slice, 0) {
-			Some(result.from_le())
-		} else {
-			None
-		}
-	}
-	fn as_slice_then<R, F: FnOnce(&[u8]) -> R>(&self, f: F) -> R {
-		let size = mem::size_of::<Self>();
-		assert!(size > 0, "EndianSensitive can never be implemented for a zero-sized type.");
-		self.as_le_then(|le| {
-			let value_slice = unsafe {
-				let ptr = le as *const _ as *const u8;
-				slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, size)
-			};
-			f(value_slice)
-		})
-	}
-	fn size_of(_value: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		Some(mem::size_of::<Self>())
-	}
-}
-
-impl Slicable for Vec<u8> {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		Some(value[4..].to_vec())
-	}
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		u32::set_as_slice(fill_slice).and_then(|len| {
-			let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(len as usize);
-			v.resize(len as usize, 0);
-//			unsafe { v.set_len(len as usize); }
-			if fill_slice(&mut v, 4) {
-				Some(v)
-			} else {
-				None
-			}
-		})
-	}
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		let mut r: Vec<u8> = Vec::new().join(&(self.len() as u32));
-		r.extend_from_slice(&self);
-		r
-	}
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		u32::from_slice(&data[0..4]).map(|i| (i + 4) as usize)
-	}
-}
-
-impl<T: Slicable> NonTrivialSlicable for Vec<T> where Vec<T>: Slicable {}
-
-impl<T: NonTrivialSlicable> Slicable for Vec<T> {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		let len = Self::size_of(value)?;
-		let mut off = 4;
-		let mut r = Vec::new();
-		while off < len {
-			let element_len = T::size_of(&value[off..])?;
-			r.push(T::from_slice(&value[off..off + element_len])?);
-			off += element_len;
-		}
-		Some(r)
-	}
-
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(_fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		unimplemented!();
-	}
-
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		let vecs = self.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-		let len = vecs.iter().fold(0, |mut a, v| {a += v.len(); a});
-		let mut r = Vec::new().join(&(len as u32));
-		vecs.iter().for_each(|v| r.extend_from_slice(v));
-		r
-	}
-
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		u32::from_slice(&data[0..4]).map(|i| (i + 4) as usize)
-	}
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-	use super::*;
-
-	#[test]
-	fn vec_is_slicable() {
-		let v = b"Hello world".to_vec();
-		v.as_slice_then(|ref slice|
-			assert_eq!(slice, &b"\x0b\0\0\0Hello world")
-		);
-	}
-}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/streamreader.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/streamreader.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index b745f8afd9e43..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/codec/streamreader.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Deserialiser.
-
-use super::slicable::Slicable;
-
-/// Simple deserialiser.
-pub struct StreamReader<'a> {
-	data: &'a [u8],
-	offset: usize,
-}
-
-impl<'a> StreamReader<'a> {
-	/// Create a new deserialiser based on the `data`.
-	pub fn new(data: &'a [u8]) -> Self {
-		StreamReader {
-			data: data,
-			offset: 0,
-		}
-	}
-
-	/// Deserialise a single item from the data stream.
-	pub fn read<T: Slicable>(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
-		let size = T::size_of(&self.data[self.offset..])?;
-		let new_offset = self.offset + size;
-		let slice = &self.data[self.offset..new_offset];
-		self.offset = new_offset;
-		Slicable::from_slice(slice)
-	}
-}
-/*
-// Not in use yet
-// TODO: introduce fn size_will_be(&self) -> usize; to Slicable trait and implement
-struct StreamWriter<'a> {
-	data: &'a mut[u8],
-	offset: usize,
-}
-
-impl<'a> StreamWriter<'a> {
-	pub fn new(data: &'a mut[u8]) -> Self {
-		StreamWriter {
-			data: data,
-			offset: 0,
-		}
-	}
-	pub fn write<T: Slicable>(&mut self, value: &T) -> bool {
-		value.as_slice_then(|s| {
-			let new_offset = self.offset + s.len();
-			if self.data.len() <= new_offset {
-				let slice = &mut self.data[self.offset..new_offset];
-				self.offset = new_offset;
-				slice.copy_from_slice(s);
-				true
-			} else {
-				false
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-*/
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/lib.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/lib.rs
index 3729611866e0b..a6cd2c1f699dc 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/lib.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/lib.rs
@@ -16,59 +16,60 @@
 
 //! The Polkadot runtime. This can be compiled with #[no_std], ready for Wasm.
 
-#![cfg_attr(feature = "without-std", no_std)]
-#![cfg_attr(feature = "strict", deny(warnings))]
+#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
 
 #[macro_use]
-extern crate runtime_std;
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_std as runtime_std;
 
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 extern crate rustc_hex;
 #[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate log;
 
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_codec as codec;
+extern crate polkadot_primitives as primitives;
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate hex_literal;
 
-pub mod codec;
 #[macro_use]
 pub mod support;
-pub mod primitives;
 pub mod runtime;
 
 use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use codec::{Slicable, Joiner};
-use runtime_std::print;
-use primitives::{Block, Header, UncheckedTransaction};
+use codec::Slicable;
+use primitives::relay::{Header, Block, UncheckedTransaction};
 
 /// Execute a block, with `input` being the canonical serialisation of the block. Returns the
 /// empty vector.
-pub fn execute_block(input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
-	runtime::system::internal::execute_block(Block::from_slice(input).unwrap());
+pub fn execute_block(mut input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+	runtime::system::internal::execute_block(Block::from_slice(&mut input).unwrap());
 	Vec::new()
 }
 
 /// Execute a given, serialised, transaction. Returns the empty vector.
-pub fn execute_transaction(input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
-	let header = Header::from_slice(input).unwrap();
-	let utx = UncheckedTransaction::from_slice(&input[Header::size_of(input).unwrap()..]).unwrap();
-	let header = runtime::system::internal::execute_transaction(&utx, header);
-	Vec::new().join(&header)
+pub fn execute_transaction(mut input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+	let header = Header::from_slice(&mut input).unwrap();
+	let utx = UncheckedTransaction::from_slice(&mut input).unwrap();
+	let header = runtime::system::internal::execute_transaction(utx, header);
+	header.to_vec()
 }
 
 /// Execute a given, serialised, transaction. Returns the empty vector.
-pub fn finalise_block(input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
-	let header = Header::from_slice(input).unwrap();
+pub fn finalise_block(mut input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+	let header = Header::from_slice(&mut input).unwrap();
 	let header = runtime::system::internal::finalise_block(header);
-	Vec::new().join(&header)
+	header.to_vec()
 }
 
 /// Run whatever tests we have.
-pub fn run_tests(input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+pub fn run_tests(mut input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+	use runtime_std::print;
+
 	print("run_tests...");
-	let block = Block::from_slice(input).unwrap();
+	let block = Block::from_slice(&mut input).unwrap();
 	print("deserialised block.");
 	let stxs = block.transactions.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 	print("reserialised transactions.");
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/block.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/block.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index d33b51609cd23..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/block.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Block type.
-
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use codec::{StreamReader, Joiner, Slicable, NonTrivialSlicable};
-use primitives::{Header, UncheckedTransaction};
-
-/// A Polkadot relay chain block.
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
-pub struct Block {
-	/// The header of the block.
-	pub header: Header,
-	/// All transactions.
-	pub transactions: Vec<UncheckedTransaction>,
-}
-
-impl Slicable for Block {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		let mut reader = StreamReader::new(value);
-		Some(Block {
-			header: reader.read()?,
-			transactions: reader.read()?,
-		})
-	}
-
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(_fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		unimplemented!();
-	}
-
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		Vec::new()
-			.join(&self.header)
-			.join(&self.transactions)
-	}
-
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		let first_part = Header::size_of(data)?;
-		let second_part = <Vec<UncheckedTransaction>>::size_of(&data[first_part..])?;
-		Some(first_part + second_part)
-	}
-}
-
-impl NonTrivialSlicable for Block {}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/digest.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/digest.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 5ce92774200a3..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/digest.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Digest type.
-
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-
-#[derive(Clone, Default, PartialEq)]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(Debug))]
-/// The digest of a block, useful for light-clients.
-pub struct Digest {
-	/// All logs that have happened in the block.
-	pub logs: Vec<Vec<u8>>,
-}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/function.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/function.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d45a71df79d2..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/function.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Function data: This describes a function that can be called from an external transaction.
-
-use primitives::AccountID;
-use codec::StreamReader;
-use runtime::{staking, session, timestamp, governance};
-
-/// Public functions that can be dispatched to.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
-#[repr(u8)]
-pub enum Function {
-	TimestampSet = 0x00,
-	SessionSetKey = 0x10,
-	StakingStake = 0x20,
-	StakingUnstake = 0x21,
-	StakingTransfer = 0x22,
-	GovernancePropose = 0x30,
-	GovernanceApprove = 0x31,
-}
-
-impl Function {
-	/// Derive `Some` value from a `u8`, or `None` if it's invalid.
-	pub fn from_u8(value: u8) -> Option<Function> {
-		use self::*;
-		let functions = [Function::StakingStake, Function::StakingUnstake,
-			Function::StakingTransfer, Function::SessionSetKey, Function::TimestampSet,
-			Function::GovernancePropose, Function::GovernanceApprove];
-		functions.iter().map(|&f| f).find(|&f| value == f as u8)
-	}
-}
-
-impl Function {
-	/// Dispatch the function.
-	pub fn dispatch(&self, transactor: &AccountID, data: &[u8]) {
-		let mut params = StreamReader::new(data);
-		match *self {
-			Function::StakingStake => {
-				staking::public::stake(transactor);
-			}
-			Function::StakingUnstake => {
-				staking::public::unstake(transactor);
-			}
-			Function::StakingTransfer => {
-				let dest = params.read().unwrap();
-				let value = params.read().unwrap();
-				staking::public::transfer(transactor, &dest, value);
-			}
-			Function::SessionSetKey => {
-				let session = params.read().unwrap();
-				session::public::set_key(transactor, &session);
-			}
-			Function::TimestampSet => {
-				let t = params.read().unwrap();
-				timestamp::public::set(t);
-			}
-			Function::GovernancePropose => {
-				let proposal = params.read().unwrap();
-				governance::public::propose(transactor, &proposal);
-			}
-			Function::GovernanceApprove => {
-				let era_index = params.read().unwrap();
-				governance::public::approve(transactor, era_index);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/header.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/header.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 2f624cadd6fab..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/header.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Block header type.
-
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use codec::{StreamReader, Joiner, Slicable, NonTrivialSlicable};
-use runtime_std::mem;
-use primitives::{BlockNumber, Hash, Digest};
-
-#[derive(Clone)]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
-/// The header for a block.
-pub struct Header {
-	/// The parent block's "hash" (actually the Blake2-256 hash of its serialised header).
-	pub parent_hash: Hash,
-	/// The block's number (how many ancestors does it have?).
-	pub number: BlockNumber,
-	/// The root of the trie that represents this block's final storage map.
-	pub state_root: Hash,
-	/// The root of the trie that represents this block's transactions, indexed by a 32-bit integer.
-	pub transaction_root: Hash,
-	/// The digest for this block.
-	pub digest: Digest,
-}
-
-impl Header {
-	/// Create a new instance with default fields except `number`, which is given as an argument.
-	pub fn from_block_number(number: BlockNumber) -> Self {
-		Header {
-			parent_hash: Default::default(),
-			number,
-			state_root: Default::default(),
-			transaction_root: Default::default(),
-			digest: Default::default(),
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl Slicable for Header {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		let mut reader = StreamReader::new(value);
-		Some(Header {
-			parent_hash: reader.read()?,
-			number: reader.read()?,
-			state_root: reader.read()?,
-			transaction_root: reader.read()?,
-			digest: Digest { logs: reader.read()?, },
-		})
-	}
-
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(_fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		unimplemented!();
-	}
-
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		Vec::new()
-			.join(&self.parent_hash)
-			.join(&self.number)
-			.join(&self.state_root)
-			.join(&self.transaction_root)
-			.join(&self.digest.logs)
-	}
-
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		let first_part = mem::size_of::<Hash>() + mem::size_of::<BlockNumber>() + mem::size_of::<Hash>() + mem::size_of::<Hash>();
-		let second_part = <Vec<Vec<u8>>>::size_of(&data[first_part..])?;
-		Some(first_part + second_part)
-	}
-}
-
-impl NonTrivialSlicable for Header {}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/misc.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/misc.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 2d6954f9e7b4f..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/misc.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Miscellaneous small types.
-
-/// The Ed25519 pubkey that identifies an account.
-pub type AccountID = [u8; 32];
-
-/// Virtual account ID that represents the idea of a dispatch/statement being signed by everybody
-/// (who matters). Essentially this means that a majority of validators have decided it is
-/// "correct".
-pub const EVERYBODY: AccountID = [255u8; 32];
-
-/// The Ed25519 pub key of an session that belongs to an authority. This is used as what the
-/// external environment/consensus algorithm calls an "authority".
-pub type SessionKey = AccountID;
-
-/// Indentifier for a chain.
-pub type ChainID = u64;
-
-/// Index of a block in the chain.
-pub type BlockNumber = u64;
-
-/// Index of a transaction.
-pub type TxOrder = u64;
-
-/// A hash of some data.
-pub type Hash = [u8; 32];
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/mod.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/mod.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 51ce3d121a548..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/mod.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Primitive types for the runtime.
-
-mod misc;
-mod proposal;
-mod function;
-mod digest;
-mod header;
-mod transaction;
-mod uncheckedtransaction;
-mod block;
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests;
-
-pub use self::misc::{AccountID, EVERYBODY, SessionKey, ChainID, BlockNumber, TxOrder, Hash};
-pub use self::proposal::{Proposal, InternalFunction};
-pub use self::function::Function;
-pub use self::digest::Digest;
-pub use self::header::Header;
-pub use self::transaction::Transaction;
-pub use self::uncheckedtransaction::UncheckedTransaction;
-pub use self::block::Block;
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/proposal.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/proposal.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index d6b26bb8e327c..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/proposal.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,146 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Proposal: This describes a combination of a function ID and data that can be used to call into
-//! an internal function.
-
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use runtime_std::mem;
-use codec::{Slicable, Joiner, StreamReader};
-use runtime::{system, governance, staking, session};
-
-/// Internal functions that can be dispatched to.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
-#[repr(u8)]
-pub enum InternalFunction {
-	SystemSetCode = 0x00,
-
-	SessionSetLength = 0x10,
-	SessionForceNewSession = 0x11,
-
-	StakingSetSessionsPerEra = 0x20,
-	StakingSetBondingDuration = 0x21,
-	StakingSetValidatorCount = 0x22,
-	StakingForceNewEra = 0x23,
-
-	GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired = 0x30,
-}
-
-impl InternalFunction {
-	/// Derive `Some` value from a `u8`, or `None` if it's invalid.
-	pub fn from_u8(value: u8) -> Option<InternalFunction> {
-		use self::*;
-		let functions = [
-			InternalFunction::SystemSetCode,
-			InternalFunction::SessionSetLength,
-			InternalFunction::SessionForceNewSession,
-			InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-			InternalFunction::StakingSetBondingDuration,
-			InternalFunction::StakingSetValidatorCount,
-			InternalFunction::StakingForceNewEra,
-			InternalFunction::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired,
-		];
-		functions.iter().map(|&f| f).find(|&f| value == f as u8)
-	}
-}
-
-/// An internal function.
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
-pub struct Proposal {
-	/// The priviledged function to call.
-	pub function: InternalFunction,
-	/// The serialised data to call it with.
-	pub input_data: Vec<u8>,
-}
-
-impl Slicable for Proposal {
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut[u8], usize) -> bool>(fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		Some(Proposal {
-			function: InternalFunction::from_u8(Slicable::set_as_slice(fill_slice)?)?,
-			input_data: Slicable::set_as_slice(&|s, o| fill_slice(s, o + 1))?,
-		})
-	}
-
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		Vec::new()
-			.join(&(self.function as u8))
-			.join(&self.input_data)
-	}
-
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		let first_part = mem::size_of::<u8>();
-		let second_part = <Vec<u8>>::size_of(&data[first_part..])?;
-		Some(first_part + second_part)
-	}
-}
-
-impl Proposal {
-	pub fn enact(&self) {
-		let mut params = StreamReader::new(&self.input_data);
-		match self.function {
-			InternalFunction::SystemSetCode => {
-				let code: Vec<u8> = params.read().unwrap();
-				system::privileged::set_code(&code);
-			}
-			InternalFunction::SessionSetLength => {
-				let value = params.read().unwrap();
-				session::privileged::set_length(value);
-			}
-			InternalFunction::SessionForceNewSession => {
-				session::privileged::force_new_session();
-			}
-			InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra => {
-				let value = params.read().unwrap();
-				staking::privileged::set_sessions_per_era(value);
-			}
-			InternalFunction::StakingSetBondingDuration => {
-				let value = params.read().unwrap();
-				staking::privileged::set_bonding_duration(value);
-			}
-			InternalFunction::StakingSetValidatorCount => {
-				let value = params.read().unwrap();
-				staking::privileged::set_validator_count(value);
-			}
-			InternalFunction::StakingForceNewEra => {
-				staking::privileged::force_new_era();
-			}
-			InternalFunction::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired => {
-				let value = params.read().unwrap();
-				governance::privileged::set_approval_ppm_required(value);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
-	use super::*;
-	use support::StaticHexInto;
-
-	#[test]
-	fn slicing_should_work() {
-		let p = Proposal {
-			function: InternalFunction::SystemSetCode,
-			input_data: b"Hello world".to_vec(),
-		};
-		let v = p.to_vec();
-		assert_eq!(v, "000b00000048656c6c6f20776f726c64".convert::<Vec<u8>>());
-
-		let o = Proposal::from_slice(&v).unwrap();
-		assert_eq!(p, o);
-	}
-}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/transaction.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/transaction.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c72e31d34d30..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/transaction.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Transaction type.
-
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use codec::{StreamReader, Joiner, Slicable, NonTrivialSlicable};
-use primitives::{AccountID, TxOrder, Function};
-use runtime_std::mem;
-
-/// A vetted and verified transaction from the external world.
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "with-std", derive(PartialEq, Debug))]
-pub struct Transaction {
-	/// Who signed it (note this is not a signature).
-	pub signed: AccountID,
-	/// The number of transactions have come before from the same signer.
-	pub nonce: TxOrder,
-	/// The function that should be called.
-	pub function: Function,
-	/// Serialised input data to the function.
-	pub input_data: Vec<u8>,
-}
-
-impl Slicable for Transaction {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		let mut reader = StreamReader::new(value);
-		Some(Transaction {
-			signed: reader.read()?,
-			nonce: reader.read()?,
-			function: Function::from_u8(reader.read()?)?,
-			input_data: reader.read()?,
-		})
-	}
-
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(_fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		unimplemented!();
-	}
-
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		Vec::new()
-			.join(&self.signed)
-			.join(&self.nonce)
-			.join(&(self.function as u8))
-			.join(&self.input_data)
-	}
-
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		let first_part = mem::size_of::<AccountID>() + mem::size_of::<TxOrder>() + mem::size_of::<u8>();
-		let second_part = <Vec<u8>>::size_of(&data[first_part..])?;
-		Some(first_part + second_part)
-	}
-}
-
-impl NonTrivialSlicable for Transaction {}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/uncheckedtransaction.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/uncheckedtransaction.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index ec14befb557e9..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/primitives/uncheckedtransaction.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
-// This file is part of Polkadot.
-
-// Polkadot is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-
-// Polkadot is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with Polkadot.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-//! Unchecked Transaction type.
-
-use runtime_std::{mem, ed25519_verify};
-use runtime_std::prelude::*;
-use codec::{Slicable, NonTrivialSlicable, StreamReader, Joiner};
-use primitives::Transaction;
-
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
-use std::fmt;
-
-/// A transactions right from the external world. Unchecked.
-pub struct UncheckedTransaction {
-	/// The actual transaction information.
-	pub transaction: Transaction,
-	/// The signature; should be an Ed25519 signature applied to the serialised `transaction` field.
-	pub signature: [u8; 64],
-}
-
-impl UncheckedTransaction {
-	/// Verify the signature.
-	pub fn ed25519_verify(&self) -> bool {
-		let msg = self.transaction.to_vec();
-		ed25519_verify(&self.signature, &msg, &self.transaction.signed)
-	}
-}
-
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
-impl PartialEq for UncheckedTransaction {
-	fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-		self.signature.iter().eq(other.signature.iter()) && self.transaction == other.transaction
-	}
-}
-
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
-impl fmt::Debug for UncheckedTransaction {
-	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-		write!(f, "UncheckedTransaction({:?})", self.transaction)
-	}
-}
-
-impl Slicable for UncheckedTransaction {
-	fn from_slice(value: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
-		let mut reader = StreamReader::new(value);
-		Some(UncheckedTransaction {
-			signature: reader.read()?,
-			transaction: reader.read()?,
-		})
-	}
-
-	fn set_as_slice<F: Fn(&mut [u8], usize) -> bool>(_fill_slice: &F) -> Option<Self> {
-		unimplemented!();
-	}
-
-	fn to_vec(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-		Vec::new()
-			.join(&self.signature)
-			.join(&self.transaction)
-	}
-
-	fn size_of(data: &[u8]) -> Option<usize> {
-		let first_part = mem::size_of::<[u8; 64]>();
-		let second_part = <Transaction>::size_of(&data[first_part..])?;
-		Some(first_part + second_part)
-	}
-}
-
-impl NonTrivialSlicable for UncheckedTransaction {}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/genesismap.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/genesismap.rs
index a56d03bd044b7..38099f22f3919 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/genesismap.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/genesismap.rs
@@ -20,14 +20,15 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 use runtime_std::twox_128;
 use codec::{KeyedVec, Joiner};
 use support::Hashable;
-use primitives::{AccountID, BlockNumber, Block};
+use primitives::relay::{Number as BlockNumber, Block};
+use primitives::AccountId;
 use runtime::staking::Balance;
 
 /// Configuration of a general Polkadot genesis block.
 pub struct GenesisConfig {
-	pub validators: Vec<AccountID>,
-	pub authorities: Vec<AccountID>,
-	pub balances: Vec<(AccountID, Balance)>,
+	pub validators: Vec<AccountId>,
+	pub authorities: Vec<AccountId>,
+	pub balances: Vec<(AccountId, Balance)>,
 	pub block_time: u64,
 	pub session_length: BlockNumber,
 	pub sessions_per_era: BlockNumber,
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ pub struct GenesisConfig {
 }
 
 impl GenesisConfig {
-	pub fn new_simple(authorities_validators: Vec<AccountID>, balance: Balance) -> Self {
+	pub fn new_simple(authorities_validators: Vec<AccountId>, balance: Balance) -> Self {
 		GenesisConfig {
 			validators: authorities_validators.clone(),
 			authorities: authorities_validators.clone(),
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/governance.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/governance.rs
index da01c8a54b0ed..298add1c40a58 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/governance.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/governance.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
 use runtime_std::prelude::*;
 use codec::KeyedVec;
 use support::storage;
-use primitives::{AccountID, Hash, BlockNumber, Proposal};
+use primitives::{AccountId, Hash, BlockNumber};
+use primitives::relay::Proposal;
 use runtime::{staking, system, session};
 
 const APPROVALS_REQUIRED: &[u8] = b"gov:apr";
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ pub mod public {
 	/// Propose a sensitive action to be taken. Any action that is enactable by `Proposal` is valid.
 	/// Proposal is by the `transactor` and will automatically count as an approval. Transactor must
 	/// be a current validator. It is illegal to propose when there is already a proposal in effect.
-	pub fn propose(validator: &AccountID, proposal: &Proposal) {
+	pub fn propose(validator: &AccountId, proposal: &Proposal) {
 		if storage::exists(CURRENT_PROPOSAL) {
 			panic!("there may only be one proposal per era.");
 		}
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ pub mod public {
 
 	/// Approve the current era's proposal. Transactor must be a validator. This may not be done more
 	/// than once for any validator in an era.
-	pub fn approve(validator: &AccountID, era_index: BlockNumber) {
+	pub fn approve(validator: &AccountId, era_index: BlockNumber) {
 		if era_index != staking::current_era() {
 			panic!("approval vote applied on non-current era.")
 		}
@@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ pub mod privileged {
 
 pub mod internal {
 	use super::*;
+	use primitives::relay::{Proposal, InternalFunction};
 
 	/// Current era is ending; we should finish up any proposals.
 	pub fn end_of_an_era() {
@@ -105,10 +107,40 @@ pub mod internal {
 				.take(approvals_required as usize)
 				.count() as u32;
 			if approved == approvals_required {
-				proposal.enact();
+				enact_proposal(proposal);
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	fn enact_proposal(proposal: Proposal) {
+		match proposal.function {
+			InternalFunction::SystemSetCode(code) => {
+				system::privileged::set_code(&code);
+			}
+			InternalFunction::SessionSetLength(value) => {
+				session::privileged::set_length(value);
+			}
+			InternalFunction::SessionForceNewSession => {
+				session::privileged::force_new_session();
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(value) => {
+				staking::privileged::set_sessions_per_era(value);
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingSetBondingDuration(value) => {
+				staking::privileged::set_bonding_duration(value);
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingSetValidatorCount(value) => {
+				staking::privileged::set_validator_count(value);
+			}
+			InternalFunction::StakingForceNewEra => {
+				staking::privileged::force_new_era()
+			}
+			InternalFunction::GovernanceSetApprovalPpmRequired(value) => {
+				self::privileged::set_approval_ppm_required(value);
+			}
+
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -117,7 +149,8 @@ mod tests {
 	use runtime_std::{with_externalities, twox_128, TestExternalities};
 	use codec::{KeyedVec, Joiner};
 	use support::{one, two, with_env};
-	use primitives::{AccountID, InternalFunction};
+	use primitives::AccountId;
+	use primitives::relay::InternalFunction;
 	use runtime::{staking, session};
 
 	fn new_test_ext() -> TestExternalities {
@@ -159,8 +192,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Approve it. Era length changes.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			public::approve(&two, 1);
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
@@ -185,8 +217,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Fail it.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
 			assert_eq!(staking::era_length(), 1);
@@ -194,8 +225,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 2: Make proposal. Approve it. It should change era length.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 2);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			public::approve(&two, 2);
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
@@ -220,8 +250,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Will have only 1 vote. No change.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
 			assert_eq!(staking::era_length(), 1);
@@ -246,8 +275,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Will have only 1 vote. No change.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			public::approve(&two, 0);
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
@@ -273,8 +301,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Will have only 1 vote. No change.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			public::approve(&two, 1);
 			public::approve(&two, 1);
@@ -301,12 +328,10 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Will have only 1 vote. No change.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			public::propose(&two, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
 			assert_eq!(staking::era_length(), 1);
@@ -355,8 +380,7 @@ mod tests {
 			// Block 1: Make proposal. Will have only 1 vote. No change.
 			with_env(|e| e.block_number = 1);
 			public::propose(&one, &Proposal {
-				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&2u64),
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(2),
 			});
 			public::approve(&four, 1);
 			staking::internal::check_new_era();
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/mod.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/mod.rs
index 99aa0b86c24f4..ff70fe89284ea 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/mod.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/mod.rs
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ pub mod parachains;
 
 // TODO: polkadao
 
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 pub mod genesismap;
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/parachains.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/parachains.rs
index 1c991d292919b..00da191e57054 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/parachains.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/parachains.rs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pub fn calculate_duty_roster() -> DutyRoster {
 	let mut roles_gua = roles_val.clone();
 
 	let h = with_env(|e| e.parent_hash.clone());
-	let mut seed = vec![].join(&h).join(b"validator_role_pairs").blake2_256();
+	let mut seed = Vec::<u8>::new().join(&h).join(b"validator_role_pairs").blake2_256();
 
 	// shuffle
 	for i in 0..(validator_count - 1) {
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ pub fn calculate_duty_roster() -> DutyRoster {
 		let remaining = (validator_count - i) as usize;
 
 		// 4 * 2 32-bit ints per 256-bit seed.
-		let val_index = u32::from_slice(&seed[offset..offset + 4]).expect("using 4 bytes for a 32-byte quantity") as usize % remaining;
-		let gua_index = u32::from_slice(&seed[offset + 4..offset + 8]).expect("using 4 bytes for a 32-byte quantity") as usize % remaining;
+		let val_index = u32::from_slice(&mut &seed[offset..offset + 4]).expect("using 4 bytes for a 32-bit quantity") as usize % remaining;
+		let gua_index = u32::from_slice(&mut &seed[offset + 4..offset + 8]).expect("using 4 bytes for a 32-bit quantity") as usize % remaining;
 
 		if offset == 24 {
 			// into the last 8 bytes - rehash to gather new entropy
@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ mod tests {
 	use runtime_std::{with_externalities, twox_128, TestExternalities};
 	use codec::{KeyedVec, Joiner};
 	use support::{one, two, with_env};
-	use primitives::AccountID;
 	use runtime::{consensus, session};
 
 	fn simple_setup() -> TestExternalities {
@@ -123,16 +122,16 @@ mod tests {
 				assert_eq!(duty_roster.guarantor_duty.iter().filter(|&&j| j == Chain::Relay).count(), 2);
 			};
 
-			with_env(|e| e.parent_hash = [0u8; 32]);
+			with_env(|e| e.parent_hash = [0u8; 32].into());
 			let duty_roster_0 = calculate_duty_roster();
 			check_roster(&duty_roster_0);
 
-			with_env(|e| e.parent_hash = [1u8; 32]);
+			with_env(|e| e.parent_hash = [1u8; 32].into());
 			let duty_roster_1 = calculate_duty_roster();
 			check_roster(&duty_roster_1);
 			assert!(duty_roster_0 != duty_roster_1);
 
-			with_env(|e| e.parent_hash = [2u8; 32]);
+			with_env(|e| e.parent_hash = [2u8; 32].into());
 			let duty_roster_2 = calculate_duty_roster();
 			check_roster(&duty_roster_2);
 			assert!(duty_roster_0 != duty_roster_2);
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/session.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/session.rs
index 1d1b4f3afd717..6710e8854aecb 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/session.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/session.rs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 use runtime_std::prelude::*;
 use codec::KeyedVec;
 use support::{storage, StorageVec};
-use primitives::{AccountID, SessionKey, BlockNumber};
+use primitives::{AccountId, SessionKey, BlockNumber};
 use runtime::{system, staking, consensus};
 
 const SESSION_LENGTH: &[u8] = b"ses:len";
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ const NEXT_SESSION_LENGTH: &[u8] = b"ses:nln";
 
 struct ValidatorStorageVec {}
 impl StorageVec for ValidatorStorageVec {
-	type Item = AccountID;
+	type Item = AccountId;
 	const PREFIX: &'static[u8] = b"ses:val:";
 }
 
 /// Get the current set of authorities. These are the session keys.
-pub fn validators() -> Vec<AccountID> {
+pub fn validators() -> Vec<AccountId> {
 	ValidatorStorageVec::items()
 }
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub mod public {
 
 	/// Sets the session key of `_validator` to `_key`. This doesn't take effect until the next
 	/// session.
-	pub fn set_key(validator: &AccountID, key: &SessionKey) {
+	pub fn set_key(validator: &AccountId, key: &SessionKey) {
 		// set new value for next session
 		storage::put(&validator.to_keyed_vec(NEXT_KEY_FOR), key);
 	}
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub mod internal {
 	///
 	/// Called by staking::next_era() only. `next_session` should be called after this in order to
 	/// update the session keys to the next validator set.
-	pub fn set_validators(new: &[AccountID]) {
+	pub fn set_validators(new: &[AccountId]) {
 		ValidatorStorageVec::set_items(new);
 		consensus::internal::set_authorities(new);
 	}
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ mod tests {
 	use runtime_std::{with_externalities, twox_128, TestExternalities};
 	use codec::{KeyedVec, Joiner};
 	use support::{one, two, with_env};
-	use primitives::AccountID;
+	use primitives::AccountId;
 	use runtime::{consensus, session};
 
 	fn simple_setup() -> TestExternalities {
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/staking.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/staking.rs
index 5f71b608f2660..f503ee73633bf 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/staking.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/staking.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use runtime_std::cell::RefCell;
 use runtime_std::print;
 use codec::KeyedVec;
 use support::{storage, StorageVec};
-use primitives::{BlockNumber, AccountID};
+use primitives::{BlockNumber, AccountId};
 use runtime::{system, session, governance};
 
 /// The balance of an account.
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub type Bondage = u64;
 
 struct IntentionStorageVec {}
 impl StorageVec for IntentionStorageVec {
-	type Item = AccountID;
+	type Item = AccountId;
 	const PREFIX: &'static[u8] = b"sta:wil:";
 }
 
@@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ pub fn last_era_length_change() -> BlockNumber {
 }
 
 /// The balance of a given account.
-pub fn balance(who: &AccountID) -> Balance {
+pub fn balance(who: &AccountId) -> Balance {
 	storage::get_or_default(&who.to_keyed_vec(BALANCE_OF))
 }
 
 /// The liquidity-state of a given account.
-pub fn bondage(who: &AccountID) -> Bondage {
+pub fn bondage(who: &AccountId) -> Bondage {
 	storage::get_or_default(&who.to_keyed_vec(BONDAGE_OF))
 }
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ pub mod public {
 	use super::*;
 
 	/// Transfer some unlocked staking balance to another staker.
-	pub fn transfer(transactor: &AccountID, dest: &AccountID, value: Balance) {
+	pub fn transfer(transactor: &AccountId, dest: &AccountId, value: Balance) {
 		let from_key = transactor.to_keyed_vec(BALANCE_OF);
 		let from_balance = storage::get_or_default::<Balance>(&from_key);
 		assert!(from_balance >= value);
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ pub mod public {
 	/// Declare the desire to stake for the transactor.
 	///
 	/// Effects will be felt at the beginning of the next era.
-	pub fn stake(transactor: &AccountID) {
+	pub fn stake(transactor: &AccountId) {
 		let mut intentions = IntentionStorageVec::items();
 		// can't be in the list twice.
 		assert!(intentions.iter().find(|t| *t == transactor).is_none(), "Cannot stake if already staked.");
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ pub mod public {
 	/// Retract the desire to stake for the transactor.
 	///
 	/// Effects will be felt at the beginning of the next era.
-	pub fn unstake(transactor: &AccountID) {
+	pub fn unstake(transactor: &AccountId) {
 		let mut intentions = IntentionStorageVec::items();
 		if let Some(position) = intentions.iter().position(|t| t == transactor) {
 			intentions.swap_remove(position);
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ pub mod privileged {
 	}
 
 	/// The length of a staking era in sessions.
-	pub fn set_validator_count(new: usize) {
-		storage::put(VALIDATOR_COUNT, &(new as u32));
+	pub fn set_validator_count(new: u32) {
+		storage::put(VALIDATOR_COUNT, &new);
 	}
 
 	/// Force there to be a new era. This also forces a new session immediately after.
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ mod tests {
 	use runtime_std::{with_externalities, twox_128, TestExternalities};
 	use codec::{KeyedVec, Joiner};
 	use support::{one, two, with_env};
-	use primitives::AccountID;
+	use primitives::AccountId;
 	use runtime::{staking, session};
 
 	#[test]
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/system.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/system.rs
index 9655b0ea53619..aa96548aa3701 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/system.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/system.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ use runtime_std::prelude::*;
 use runtime_std::{mem, storage_root, enumerated_trie_root};
 use codec::{KeyedVec, Slicable};
 use support::{Hashable, storage, with_env};
-use primitives::{Block, BlockNumber, Header, Hash, UncheckedTransaction, TxOrder};
+use primitives::{AccountId, Hash, TxOrder, BlockNumber};
+use primitives::relay::{Block, Header, UncheckedTransaction, Function, Log};
 use runtime::{staking, session};
 
 const NONCE_OF: &[u8] = b"sys:non:";
@@ -50,8 +51,10 @@ pub mod privileged {
 pub mod internal {
 	use super::*;
 
+	struct CheckedTransaction(UncheckedTransaction);
+
 	/// Deposits a log and ensures it matches the blocks log data.
-	pub fn deposit_log(log: Vec<u8>) {
+	pub fn deposit_log(log: Log) {
 		with_env(|e| e.digest.logs.push(log));
 	}
 
@@ -67,8 +70,7 @@ pub mod internal {
 		initial_checks(&block);
 
 		// execute transactions
-		block.transactions.iter().for_each(super::execute_transaction);
-
+		block.transactions.iter().cloned().for_each(super::execute_transaction);
 		// post-transactional book-keeping.
 		staking::internal::check_new_era();
 		session::internal::check_rotate_session();
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ pub mod internal {
 
 	/// Execute a transaction outside of the block execution function.
 	/// This doesn't attempt to validate anything regarding the block.
-	pub fn execute_transaction(utx: &UncheckedTransaction, mut header: Header) -> Header {
+	pub fn execute_transaction(utx: UncheckedTransaction, mut header: Header) -> Header {
 		// populate environment from header.
 		with_env(|e| {
 			e.block_number = header.number;
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ pub mod internal {
 		staking::internal::check_new_era();
 		session::internal::check_rotate_session();
 
-		header.state_root = storage_root();
+		header.state_root = storage_root().into();
 		with_env(|e| {
 			mem::swap(&mut header.digest, &mut e.digest);
 		});
@@ -113,13 +115,43 @@ pub mod internal {
 
 		header
 	}
+
+	/// Dispatch a function.
+	pub fn dispatch_function(function: &Function, transactor: &AccountId) {
+		match *function {
+			Function::StakingStake => {
+				::runtime::staking::public::stake(transactor);
+			}
+			Function::StakingUnstake => {
+				::runtime::staking::public::unstake(transactor);
+			}
+			Function::StakingTransfer(dest, value) => {
+				::runtime::staking::public::transfer(transactor, &dest, value);
+			}
+			Function::SessionSetKey(session) => {
+				::runtime::session::public::set_key(transactor, &session);
+			}
+			Function::TimestampSet(t) => {
+				::runtime::timestamp::public::set(t);
+			}
+			Function::GovernancePropose(ref proposal) => {
+				::runtime::governance::public::propose(transactor, proposal);
+			}
+			Function::GovernanceApprove(era_index) => {
+				::runtime::governance::public::approve(transactor, era_index);
+			}
+		}
+	}
 }
 
-fn execute_transaction(utx: &UncheckedTransaction) {
-	// Verify the signature is good.
-	assert!(utx.ed25519_verify(), "All transactions should be properly signed");
+fn execute_transaction(utx: UncheckedTransaction) {
+	use runtime_std::transaction;
 
-	let ref tx = utx.transaction;
+	// Verify the signature is good.
+	let tx = match transaction::check(utx) {
+		Ok(tx) => tx,
+		Err(_) => panic!("All transactions should be properly signed"),
+	};
 
 	// check nonce
 	let nonce_key = tx.signed.to_keyed_vec(NONCE_OF);
@@ -130,7 +162,7 @@ fn execute_transaction(utx: &UncheckedTransaction) {
 	storage::put(&nonce_key, &(expected_nonce + 1));
 
 	// decode parameters and dispatch
-	tx.function.dispatch(&tx.signed, &tx.input_data);
+	internal::dispatch_function(&tx.function, &tx.signed);
 }
 
 fn initial_checks(block: &Block) {
@@ -145,7 +177,7 @@ fn initial_checks(block: &Block) {
 	// check transaction trie root represents the transactions.
 	let txs = block.transactions.iter().map(Slicable::to_vec).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 	let txs = txs.iter().map(Vec::as_slice).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-	let txs_root = enumerated_trie_root(&txs);
+	let txs_root = enumerated_trie_root(&txs).into();
 	info_expect_equal_hash(&header.transaction_root, &txs_root);
 	assert!(header.transaction_root == txs_root, "Transaction trie root must be valid.");
 }
@@ -159,7 +191,7 @@ fn final_checks(block: &Block) {
 	});
 
 	// check storage root.
-	let storage_root = storage_root();
+	let storage_root = storage_root().into();
 	info_expect_equal_hash(&header.state_root, &storage_root);
 	assert!(header.state_root == storage_root, "Storage root must match that calculated.");
 }
@@ -189,7 +221,7 @@ mod tests {
 	use runtime_std::{with_externalities, twox_128, TestExternalities};
 	use codec::{Joiner, KeyedVec, Slicable};
 	use support::{StaticHexInto, HexDisplay, one, two};
-	use primitives::{UncheckedTransaction, Transaction, Function, Header, Digest};
+	use primitives::relay::{Header, Digest, UncheckedTransaction, Transaction, Function};
 	use runtime::staking;
 
 	#[test]
@@ -205,16 +237,13 @@ mod tests {
 			transaction: Transaction {
 				signed: one.clone(),
 				nonce: 0,
-				function: Function::StakingTransfer,
-				input_data: vec![].join(&two).join(&69u64),
+				function: Function::StakingTransfer(two, 69),
 			},
-			signature: "13590ae48241e29780407687b86c331a9f40f3ab7f2cc2441787628bcafab6645dc81863b138a358e2a1ed1ffa940a4584ba94837f022f0cd162791530320904".convert(),
+			signature: "5f9832c5a4a39e2dd4a3a0c5b400e9836beb362cb8f7d845a8291a2ae6fe366612e080e4acd0b5a75c3d0b6ee69614a68fb63698c1e76bf1f2dcd8fa617ddf05".parse().unwrap(),
 		};
 
-		println!("tx is {}", HexDisplay::from(&tx.transaction.to_vec()));
-
 		with_externalities(&mut t, || {
-			internal::execute_transaction(&tx, Header::from_block_number(1));
+			internal::execute_transaction(tx, Header::from_block_number(1));
 			assert_eq!(staking::balance(&one), 42);
 			assert_eq!(staking::balance(&two), 69);
 		});
@@ -252,10 +281,10 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut t = new_test_ext();
 
 		let h = Header {
-			parent_hash: [69u8; 32],
+			parent_hash: [69u8; 32].into(),
 			number: 1,
-			state_root: hex!("1ab2dbb7d4868a670b181327b0b6a58dc64b10cfb9876f737a5aa014b8da31e0"),
-			transaction_root: hex!("56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421"),
+			state_root: hex!("1ab2dbb7d4868a670b181327b0b6a58dc64b10cfb9876f737a5aa014b8da31e0").into(),
+			transaction_root: hex!("56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421").into(),
 			digest: Digest { logs: vec![], },
 		};
 
@@ -278,10 +307,10 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut t = new_test_ext();
 
 		let h = Header {
-			parent_hash: [69u8; 32],
+			parent_hash: [69u8; 32].into(),
 			number: 1,
-			state_root: [0u8; 32],
-			transaction_root: hex!("56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421"),
+			state_root: [0u8; 32].into(),
+			transaction_root: hex!("56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421").into(),
 			digest: Digest { logs: vec![], },
 		};
 
@@ -304,10 +333,10 @@ mod tests {
 		let mut t = new_test_ext();
 
 		let h = Header {
-			parent_hash: [69u8; 32],
+			parent_hash: [69u8; 32].into(),
 			number: 1,
-			state_root: hex!("1ab2dbb7d4868a670b181327b0b6a58dc64b10cfb9876f737a5aa014b8da31e0"),
-			transaction_root: [0u8; 32],
+			state_root: hex!("1ab2dbb7d4868a670b181327b0b6a58dc64b10cfb9876f737a5aa014b8da31e0").into(),
+			transaction_root: [0u8; 32].into(),
 			digest: Digest { logs: vec![], },
 		};
 
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/timestamp.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/timestamp.rs
index abc3fab5b9ef7..de62dd03b8732 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/timestamp.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/runtime/timestamp.rs
@@ -17,12 +17,10 @@
 //! Timestamp manager: just handles the current timestamp.
 
 use support::storage;
+use primitives::Timestamp;
 
 const CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: &[u8] = b"tim:val";
 
-/// Representation of a time.
-pub type Timestamp = u64;
-
 /// Get the current time.
 pub fn get() -> Timestamp {
 	storage::get_or_default(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/environment.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/environment.rs
index 833825619a0fe..b2ab7e8798a71 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/environment.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/environment.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ use runtime_std::mem;
 use runtime_std::cell::RefCell;
 use runtime_std::rc::Rc;
 
-use primitives::{BlockNumber, Digest, Hash};
+use primitives::relay::{BlockNumber, Digest};
+use primitives::Hash;
 
 #[derive(Default)]
 /// The information that can be accessed globally.
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/mod.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/mod.rs
index ce9961272f485..652fb82aa67d5 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/mod.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/mod.rs
@@ -19,16 +19,18 @@
 mod environment;
 pub mod storage;
 mod hashable;
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 mod statichex;
 #[macro_use]
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 mod testing;
 
 pub use self::environment::with_env;
 pub use self::storage::StorageVec;
 pub use self::hashable::Hashable;
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 pub use self::statichex::{StaticHexConversion, StaticHexInto};
-#[cfg(feature = "with-std")]
+
+#[cfg(feature = "std")]
 pub use self::testing::{AsBytesRef, HexDisplay, one, two};
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/storage.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/storage.rs
index aada8c8ae0546..f0e5f1c82e32a 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/storage.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/storage.rs
@@ -24,9 +24,8 @@ use codec::{Slicable, KeyedVec};
 
 /// Return the value of the item in storage under `key`, or `None` if there is no explicit entry.
 pub fn get<T: Slicable + Sized>(key: &[u8]) -> Option<T> {
-	Slicable::set_as_slice(&|out, offset|
-		runtime_std::read_storage(&twox_128(key)[..], out, offset) >= out.len()
-	)
+	let raw = runtime_std::storage(&twox_128(key)[..]);
+	Slicable::from_slice(&mut &raw[..])
 }
 
 /// Return the value of the item in storage under `key`, or the type's default if there is no
@@ -147,9 +146,8 @@ pub mod unhashed {
 
 	/// Return the value of the item in storage under `key`, or `None` if there is no explicit entry.
 	pub fn get<T: Slicable + Sized>(key: &[u8]) -> Option<T> {
-		Slicable::set_as_slice(&|out, offset|
-			runtime_std::read_storage(key, out, offset) >= out.len()
-		)
+		let raw = runtime_std::storage(key);
+		T::from_slice(&mut &raw[..])
 	}
 
 	/// Return the value of the item in storage under `key`, or the type's default if there is no
@@ -340,10 +338,12 @@ mod tests {
 
 	#[test]
 	fn proposals_can_be_stored() {
-		use primitives::{Proposal, InternalFunction};
+		use primitives::relay::{Proposal, InternalFunction};
 		let mut t = TestExternalities { storage: HashMap::new(), };
 		with_externalities(&mut t, || {
-			let x = Proposal { function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra, input_data: b"Hello world".to_vec() };
+			let x = Proposal {
+				function: InternalFunction::StakingSetSessionsPerEra(25519),
+			};
 			put(b":test", &x);
 			let y: Proposal = get(b":test").unwrap();
 			assert_eq!(x, y);
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/testing.rs b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/testing.rs
index a2c8579c96282..06420668c6814 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/testing.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/polkadot/src/support/testing.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 //! Testing helpers.
 
-use primitives::AccountID;
+use primitives::AccountId;
 use super::statichex::StaticHexInto;
 
 #[macro_export]
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ macro_rules! map {
 }
 
 /// One account (to which we know the secret key).
-pub fn one() -> AccountID {
+pub fn one() -> AccountId {
 	"2f8c6129d816cf51c374bc7f08c3e63ed156cf78aefb4a6550d97b87997977ee".convert()
 }
 /// Another account (secret key known).
-pub fn two() -> AccountID {
+pub fn two() -> AccountId {
 	"d75a980182b10ab7d54bfed3c964073a0ee172f3daa62325af021a68f707511a".convert()
 }
 
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/Cargo.toml b/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/Cargo.toml
index e0a28f2c0ddb1..d5dbe87e6adfe 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/Cargo.toml
+++ b/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,9 +10,14 @@ documentation = "https://paritytech.github.io/pwasm-std/pwasm_std/"
 description = "Parity WebAssembly standard library internal allocator"
 keywords = ["wasm", "parity", "webassembly", "blockchain"]
 categories = ["no-std", "embedded"]
+build = "build.rs"
 
 [dependencies]
 pwasm-libc = { path = "../pwasm-libc", version = "0.1" }
 
+[build-dependencies]
+rustc_version = "0.2"
+
 [features]
 strict = []
+nightly = []
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/build.rs b/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..35eb154f3a69a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//! Set a nightly feature
+
+extern crate rustc_version;
+use rustc_version::{version, version_meta, Channel};
+
+fn main() {
+    // Assert we haven't travelled back in time
+    assert!(version().unwrap().major >= 1);
+
+    // Set cfg flags depending on release channel
+    if let Channel::Nightly = version_meta().unwrap().channel {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-cfg=feature=\"nightly\"");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/src/lib.rs b/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/src/lib.rs
index 8bd73682057af..b1afd5af00328 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/src/lib.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/pwasm-alloc/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,29 +2,35 @@
 #![cfg_attr(feature = "strict", deny(warnings))]
 #![no_std]
 #![crate_type = "rlib"]
-#![feature(global_allocator)]
-#![feature(alloc)]
-#![feature(allocator_api)]
+#![cfg_attr(feature = "nightly", feature(global_allocator))]
+#![cfg_attr(feature = "nightly", feature(alloc))]
+#![cfg_attr(feature = "nightly", feature(allocator_api))]
 
 //! Custom allocator crate for wasm
 
-extern crate alloc;
-extern crate pwasm_libc;
-
-use alloc::heap::{Alloc, Layout, AllocErr};
-
 /// Wasm allocator
 pub struct WasmAllocator;
 
-unsafe impl<'a> Alloc for &'a WasmAllocator {
-	unsafe fn alloc(&mut self, layout: Layout) -> Result<*mut u8, AllocErr> {
-		Ok(pwasm_libc::malloc(layout.size()))
-	}
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+#[global_allocator]
+static ALLOCATOR: WasmAllocator = WasmAllocator;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+mod __impl {
+	extern crate alloc;
+	extern crate pwasm_libc;
 
-	unsafe fn dealloc(&mut self, ptr: *mut u8, _layout: Layout) {
-		pwasm_libc::free(ptr)
+	use self::alloc::heap::{Alloc, Layout, AllocErr};
+
+	use super::WasmAllocator;
+
+	unsafe impl<'a> Alloc for &'a WasmAllocator {
+		unsafe fn alloc(&mut self, layout: Layout) -> Result<*mut u8, AllocErr> {
+			Ok(pwasm_libc::malloc(layout.size()))
+		}
+
+		unsafe fn dealloc(&mut self, ptr: *mut u8, _layout: Layout) {
+			pwasm_libc::free(ptr)
+		}
 	}
 }
-
-#[global_allocator]
-static ALLOCATOR: WasmAllocator = WasmAllocator;
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/std/Cargo.toml b/wasm-runtime/std/Cargo.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index 802d1fabdeeed..0000000000000
--- a/wasm-runtime/std/Cargo.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "runtime-std"
-version = "0.1.0"
-authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
-
-[dependencies]
-pwasm-libc = { path = "../pwasm-libc", version = "0.1" }
-pwasm-alloc = { path = "../pwasm-alloc", version = "0.1" }
-
-[features]
-strict = []
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.compact.wasm b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.compact.wasm
index c1b383b49ecab..669fb901a1e40 100644
Binary files a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.compact.wasm and b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.compact.wasm differ
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.wasm b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.wasm
index 10c2c86ab173d..d223adfad327a 100644
Binary files a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.wasm and b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_polkadot.wasm differ
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.compact.wasm b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.compact.wasm
index fde5fdad98d95..045d4dadfaac5 100644
Binary files a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.compact.wasm and b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.compact.wasm differ
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.wasm b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.wasm
index 3011f185a3443..bbba7527d46ac 100644
Binary files a/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.wasm and b/wasm-runtime/target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/runtime_test.wasm differ
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/test/Cargo.toml b/wasm-runtime/test/Cargo.toml
index c7191fb8055ac..10ae9ba2fb0d5 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/test/Cargo.toml
+++ b/wasm-runtime/test/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-runtime-std = { path = "../std", version = "0.1" }
+polkadot-runtime-std = { path = "../../runtime-std", version = "0.1", default_features = false }
diff --git a/wasm-runtime/test/src/lib.rs b/wasm-runtime/test/src/lib.rs
index ae5a6c179cd40..a97f5029f144f 100644
--- a/wasm-runtime/test/src/lib.rs
+++ b/wasm-runtime/test/src/lib.rs
@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ extern crate alloc;
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 
 #[macro_use]
-extern crate runtime_std;
-use runtime_std::{set_storage, storage, print, blake2_256, twox_128, twox_256, ed25519_verify,
-	enumerated_trie_root};
+extern crate polkadot_runtime_std as runtime_std;
+use runtime_std::{
+	set_storage, storage, print, blake2_256,
+	twox_128, twox_256, ed25519_verify, enumerated_trie_root
+};
 
 fn test_blake2_256(input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
 	blake2_256(&input).to_vec()