diff --git a/cmd/oras/push.go b/cmd/oras/push.go
index 406948191..df239b8d3 100644
--- a/cmd/oras/push.go
+++ b/cmd/oras/push.go
@@ -114,7 +114,11 @@ func runPush(opts pushOptions) error {
 	// bake artifact
 	var pushOpts []oras.PushOpt
 	if opts.artifactType != "" {
-		manifests, err := loadReferences(ctx, resolver, opts.artifactRefs)
+		refResolver := resolver
+		if iresolver.IsDummy(resolver) {
+			refResolver = newResolver(opts.username, opts.password, opts.insecure, opts.plainHTTP, opts.configs...)
+		}
+		manifests, err := loadReferences(ctx, refResolver, opts.artifactRefs)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
diff --git a/internal/resolver/dummy.go b/internal/resolver/dummy.go
index 5e37a27da..39eac5c97 100644
--- a/internal/resolver/dummy.go
+++ b/internal/resolver/dummy.go
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@ func Dummy() remotes.Resolver {
 	return dummyResolverInstance
 }
 
+// IsDummy checks if the resolver is dummy
+func IsDummy(resolver remotes.Resolver) bool {
+	return resolver == dummyResolverInstance
+}
+
 func (r *dummyResolver) Resolve(ctx context.Context, ref string) (name string, desc ocispec.Descriptor, err error) {
 	return "", ocispec.Descriptor{}, errors.Wrap(errdefs.ErrNotFound, "dummy resolver")
 }