diff --git a/include/vuk/runtime/vk/Program.hpp b/include/vuk/runtime/vk/Program.hpp
index 417cfe29..283f57eb 100644
--- a/include/vuk/runtime/vk/Program.hpp
+++ b/include/vuk/runtime/vk/Program.hpp
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ namespace vuk {
 
 	private:
 		void flatten_bindings();
+		Descriptors& ensure_set(size_t set_index);
 	};
 
 	struct ShaderModule {
diff --git a/src/runtime/vk/Program.cpp b/src/runtime/vk/Program.cpp
index 42441bd4..c88d1dd7 100644
--- a/src/runtime/vk/Program.cpp
+++ b/src/runtime/vk/Program.cpp
@@ -178,6 +178,16 @@ namespace vuk {
 		}
 	}
 
+	Program::Descriptors& Program::ensure_set(size_t set) {
+		if (set >= sets.size()) {
+			sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
+		}
+		if (!sets[set]) {
+			sets[set] = Descriptors{};
+		}
+		return *sets[set];
+	}
+
 	VkShaderStageFlagBits Program::introspect(const uint32_t* ir, size_t word_count) {
 		spirv_cross::Compiler refl(ir, word_count);
 		auto resources = refl.get_shader_resources();
@@ -249,11 +259,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 				reflect_members(refl, refl.get_type(ub.type_id), un.members);
 			}
 			un.size = refl.get_declared_struct_size(type);
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(un);
+
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(un);
 		}
 
 		for (auto& sb : resources.storage_buffers) {
@@ -275,11 +282,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			un.is_hlsl_counter_buffer = refl.buffer_is_hlsl_counter_buffer(sb.id);
 			un.non_writable = refl.get_decoration(sb.id, spv::DecorationNonWritable);
 			un.non_readable = refl.get_decoration(sb.id, spv::DecorationNonReadable);
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(un);
+
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(un);
 		}
 
 		for (auto& si : resources.sampled_images) {
@@ -293,11 +297,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			// maybe spirv cross bug?
 			t.array_size = type.array.size() == 1 ? (type.array[0] == 1 ? 0 : type.array[0]) : -1;
 			t.shadow = type.image.depth;
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(t);
+
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(t);
 		}
 
 		for (auto& sa : resources.separate_samplers) {
@@ -311,11 +312,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			// maybe spirv cross bug?
 			t.array_size = type.array.size() == 1 ? (type.array[0] == 1 ? 0 : type.array[0]) : -1;
 			t.shadow = type.image.depth;
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(t);
+
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(t);
 		}
 
 		for (auto& si : resources.separate_images) {
@@ -328,11 +326,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			t.stage = stage;
 			// maybe spirv cross bug?
 			t.array_size = type.array.size() == 1 ? (type.array[0] == 1 ? 0 : type.array[0]) : -1;
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(t);
+
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(t);
 		}
 
 		for (auto& sb : resources.storage_images) {
@@ -347,11 +342,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			un.non_readable = refl.get_decoration(sb.id, spv::DecorationNonReadable);
 			// maybe spirv cross bug?
 			un.array_size = type.array.size() == 1 ? (type.array[0] == 1 ? 0 : type.array[0]) : -1;
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(un);
+			
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(un);
 		}
 
 		// subpass inputs
@@ -363,11 +355,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			s.name = std::string(si.name.c_str());
 			s.binding = binding;
 			s.stage = stage;
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(s);
+
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(s);
 		}
 
 		// ASs
@@ -380,11 +369,8 @@ namespace vuk {
 			s.binding = binding;
 			s.stage = stage;
 			s.array_size = type.array.size() == 1 ? (type.array[0] == 1 ? 0 : type.array[0]) : -1;
-			if (set >= sets.size()) {
-				sets.resize(set + 1, std::nullopt);
-				sets[set] = Descriptors{};
-			}
-			sets[set]->bindings.push_back(s);
+			
+			ensure_set(set).bindings.push_back(s);
 		}
 
 		for (auto& sc : refl.get_specialization_constants()) {