View the Message Header in Google Mail (GMail) Webmail: Login to your account on the webpage and open the message (click on it). Click on the "down-arrow" on the top-right of the message and select "Show Original". Now you will see the complete message source.
View the Message Header in Yahoo! Mail Webmail: Login to your account on the webpage and open the message (click on it). Click on "Actions" and select "View Full Header".
View the Message Header in Hotmail Webmail: Login to your account on the webpage and go to the message list. Right-click on the message and select "View Message Source".
View the Message Header in MS Outlook: Open the message in MS Outlook. Now go to "View" and select "Message Options" - or "File" -> "Info" -> "Properties". Look at "Internet Headers".
View the Message Header in Thunderbird: Open the message, then click on "View" and select "Message Source".
View the Message Header in MS Windows Mail (and MS Outlook Express): Select the message in the list, right-click on it and select "Properties" and go to "Details.
- Return Path: The email address which should be used for bounces.
- The mail server will send a message to the specified email address if the message cannot be delivered
- Delivery-date: The data the message was delivered
- Date: The date the message was sent
- Message-ID: The ID of the message
- X-Mailer: The mail client (mail program) used to send the message
- From: The message sender in the format: "Friendly Name" email@address.tld
- To: The message recipient in the format: "Friendly Name" email@address.tld
- Subject: The message subject
The Sender Policy Framework SPF is a framework to prevent sender address forgery.
In easy words (simplified): "SPF is used to describe what mail server is allowed to send messages for a domain". See also: How to enable Sender Policy Framework (SPF) for domain/email
It's used to avoid fake email addresses (as sender email address). The system can detect if the mail server, which wants to send a message to the recipients mail-exchanger, is valid for the senders email address (domain).
The result can be:
- Received-SPF: neutral
- Received-SPF: pass
How does SPF work?
SPF establishes a method for receiving mail servers to verify that incoming email from a domain was sent from a host authorized by that domain’s administrators. It piggybacks on the well-established Domain Name System (DNS). In general terms, the process works like this:
A domain administrator publishes the policy defining mail servers that are authorized to send email from that domain. This policy is called an SPF record, and it is listed as part of the domain’s overall DNS records. When an inbound mail server receives an incoming email, it looks up the rules for the bounce (Return-Path) domain in DNS. The inbound server then compares the IP address of the mail sender with the authorized IP addresses defined in the SPF record. The receiving mail server then uses the rules specified in the sending domain’s SPF record to decide whether to accept, reject, or otherwise flag the email message.
"Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) is a method for associating a domain name to an email, thereby allowing an organization to take responsibility for a message in a way that can be validated by a recipient." ... from Wikipedia.org
In other words (simplified): "Some organization (domain) has signed the message and is responsible for it".
It's a good indicator, that the message is NOT a spam message. No spammer would "sign" a message.
SpamAssassin is a anti-spam software, which is installed on many mail server. It's a great tool, which gives a detailed report for each message by adding lines and a summary to the message header.
A X-Spam-Score <5 means (on most systems) no spam, >5 probably spam and >15 spam. Spam might get deleted immediately or moved to the junk mail folder. Some systems add [SPAM] to the subject, so that these messages could be moved to the junk folder in the mail client using a rule.
Send an HTTP HEAD request to the URL and look at the response code. If the code is 30x, look at the Location header to get the unshortened URL. Otherwise, if the code is 20x, then the URL is not redirected
Links to tool:
Most popular URL Shortener Services
- Google - https://goo.gl/
- Bitly - https://bitly.com/
- Bl.ink - https://www.bl.ink/
- Polr - https://polrproject.org/
- Rebrandly - https://www.rebrandly.com/
- T2M - https://t2mio.com/
- TinyURL - https://tinyurl.com/
- URL Shortener by Zapier - https://zapier.com/apps/url-shortener/integrations
- Yourls - http://yourls.org/