diff --git a/.changeset/hot-turkeys-promise.md b/.changeset/hot-turkeys-promise.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3c05a8b0ba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/hot-turkeys-promise.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@firebase/firestore": patch
+---
+
+Fix internal assertion due to Buffer value not evaluating to instanceof Uint8Array, encountered when testing with jsdom.
diff --git a/packages/firestore/src/remote/serializer.ts b/packages/firestore/src/remote/serializer.ts
index 175c3110f60..63860a88972 100644
--- a/packages/firestore/src/remote/serializer.ts
+++ b/packages/firestore/src/remote/serializer.ts
@@ -262,8 +262,14 @@ export function fromBytes(
     return ByteString.fromBase64String(value ? value : '');
   } else {
     hardAssert(
-      value === undefined || value instanceof Uint8Array,
-      'value must be undefined or Uint8Array'
+      value === undefined ||
+        // Check if the value is an instance of both Buffer and Uint8Array,
+        // despite the fact that Buffer extends Uint8Array. In some
+        // environments, such as jsdom, the prototype chain of Buffer
+        // does not indicate that it extends Uint8Array.
+        value instanceof Buffer ||
+        value instanceof Uint8Array,
+      'value must be undefined, Buffer, or Uint8Array'
     );
     return ByteString.fromUint8Array(value ? value : new Uint8Array());
   }