textview.go

package tview

import (
	"bytes"
	"math"
	"regexp"
	"sync"
	"unicode/utf8"

	"github.com/gdamore/tcell"
)

// textColors maps color strings which may be embedded in text sent to a
// TextView to their tcell counterparts.
var textColors = map[string]tcell.Color{
	"red":     tcell.ColorRed,
	"white":   tcell.ColorWhite,
	"yellow":  tcell.ColorYellow,
	"blue":    tcell.ColorBlue,
	"green":   tcell.ColorGreen,
	"cyan":    tcell.ColorDarkCyan,
	"magenta": tcell.ColorDarkMagenta,
}

// Regular expressions commonly used throughout the TextView class.
var (
	colorPattern  *regexp.Regexp // Initialized in the init() function.
	regionPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`\["([a-zA-Z0-9_,;: \-\.]*)"\]`)
)

// textViewIndex contains information about each line displayed in the text
// view.
type textViewIndex struct {
	Line   int         // The index into the "buffer" variable.
	Pos    int         // The index into the "buffer" string.
	Color  tcell.Color // The starting color.
	Region string      // The starting region ID.
}

// TextView is a box which displays text. It implements the io.Writer interface
// so you can stream text to it. This does not trigger a redraw automatically
// but if a handler is installed via SetChangedFunc(), you can cause it to be
// redrawn.
//
// Navigation
//
// If the text view is scrollable (the default), text is kept in a buffer which
// may be larger than the screen and can be navigated similarly to Vim:
//
//   - h, left arrow: Move left.
//   - l, right arrow: Move right.
//   - j, down arrow: Move down.
//   - k, up arrow: Move up.
//   - g, home: Move to the top.
//   - G, end: Move to the bottom.
//   - Ctrl-F, page down: Move down by one page.
//   - Ctrl-B, page up: Move up by one page.
//
// If the text is not scrollable, any text above the top visible line is
// discarded.
//
// Navigation can be intercepted by installing a callback function via
// SetCaptureFunc() which receives all keyboard events and decides which ones
// to forward to the default handler.
//
// Colors
//
// If dynamic colors are enabled via SetDynamicColors(), text color can be
// changed dynamically by embedding color strings in square brackets. For
// example,
//
//   This is a [red]warning[white]!
//
// will print the word "warning" in red. The following colors are currently
// supported: white, yellow, blue, green, red, cyan, magenta.
//
// Regions and Highlights
//
// If regions are enabled via SetRegions(), you can define text regions within
// the text and assign region IDs to them. Text regions start with region tags.
// Region tags are square brackets that contain a region ID in double quotes,
// for example:
//
//   We define a ["rg"]region[""] here.
//
// A text region ends with the next region tag. Tags with no region ID ([""])
// don't start new regions. They can therefore be used to mark the end of a
// region. Region IDs must satisfy the following regular expression:
//
//   [a-zA-Z0-9_,;: \-\.]+
//
// Regions can be highlighted by calling the Highlight() function with one or
// more region IDs. This can be used to display search results, for example.
//
// The ScrollToHighlight() function can be used to jump to the currently
// highlighted region once when the text view is drawn the next time.
//
// See https://github.com/rivo/tview/wiki/TextView for an example.
type TextView struct {
	sync.Mutex
	*Box

	// The text buffer.
	buffer []string

	// The last bytes that have been received but are not part of the buffer yet.
	recentBytes []byte

	// The processed line index. This is nil if the buffer has changed and needs
	// to be re-indexed.
	index []*textViewIndex

	// Indices into the "index" slice which correspond to the first line of the
	// first highlight and the last line of the last highlight. This is calculated
	// during re-indexing. Set to -1 if there is no current highlight.
	fromHighlight, toHighlight int

	// A set of region IDs that are currently highlighted.
	highlights map[string]struct{}

	// The display width for which the index is created.
	indexWidth int

	// The width of the longest line in the index (not the buffer).
	longestLine int

	// The index of the first line shown in the text view.
	lineOffset int

	// If set to true, the text view will always remain at the end of the content.
	trackEnd bool

	// The number of characters to be skipped on each line (not in wrap mode).
	columnOffset int

	// The height of the content the last time the text view was drawn.
	pageSize int

	// If set to true, the text view will keep a buffer of text which can be
	// navigated when the text is longer than what fits into the box.
	scrollable bool

	// If set to true, lines that are longer than the available width are wrapped
	// onto the next line. If set to false, any characters beyond the available
	// width are discarded.
	wrap bool

	// The (starting) color of the text.
	textColor tcell.Color

	// If set to true, the text color can be changed dynamically by piping color
	// strings in square brackets to the text view.
	dynamicColors bool

	// If set to true, region tags can be used to define regions.
	regions bool

	// A temporary flag which, when true, will automatically bring the current
	// highlight(s) into the visible screen.
	scrollToHighlights bool

	// An optional function which will receive all key events sent to this text
	// view. Returning true also invokes the default key handling.
	capture func(*tcell.EventKey) bool

	// An optional function which is called when the content of the text view has
	// changed.
	changed func()

	// An optional function which is called when the user presses one of the
	// following keys: Escape, Enter, Tab, Backtab.
	done func(tcell.Key)
}

// NewTextView returns a new text view.
func NewTextView() *TextView {
	return &TextView{
		Box:           NewBox(),
		highlights:    make(map[string]struct{}),
		lineOffset:    -1,
		scrollable:    true,
		wrap:          true,
		textColor:     Styles.PrimaryTextColor,
		dynamicColors: false,
	}
}

// SetScrollable sets the flag that decides whether or not the text view is
// scrollable. If true, text is kept in a buffer and can be navigated.
func (t *TextView) SetScrollable(scrollable bool) *TextView {
	t.scrollable = scrollable
	if !scrollable {
		t.trackEnd = true
	}
	return t
}

// SetWrap sets the flag that, if true, leads to lines that are longer than the
// available width being wrapped onto the next line. If false, any characters
// beyond the available width are not displayed.
func (t *TextView) SetWrap(wrap bool) *TextView {
	if t.wrap != wrap {
		t.index = nil
	}
	t.wrap = wrap
	return t
}

// SetTextColor sets the initial color of the text (which can be changed
// dynamically by sending color strings in square brackets to the text view if
// dynamic colors are enabled).
func (t *TextView) SetTextColor(color tcell.Color) *TextView {
	t.textColor = color
	return t
}

// SetDynamicColors sets the flag that allows the text color to be changed
// dynamically. See class description for details.
func (t *TextView) SetDynamicColors(dynamic bool) *TextView {
	if t.dynamicColors != dynamic {
		t.index = nil
	}
	t.dynamicColors = dynamic
	return t
}

// SetRegions sets the flag that allows to define regions in the text. See class
// description for details.
func (t *TextView) SetRegions(regions bool) *TextView {
	t.regions = regions
	return t
}

// SetCaptureFunc sets a handler which is called whenever a key is pressed.
// This allows you to override the default key handling of the text view.
// Returning true will allow the default key handling to go forward after the
// handler returns. Returning false will disable any default key handling.
func (t *TextView) SetCaptureFunc(handler func(event *tcell.EventKey) bool) *TextView {
	t.capture = handler
	return t
}

// SetChangedFunc sets a handler function which is called when the text of the
// text view has changed. This is typically used to cause the application to
// redraw the screen.
func (t *TextView) SetChangedFunc(handler func()) *TextView {
	t.changed = handler
	return t
}

// SetDoneFunc sets a handler which is called when the user presses on the
// following keys: Escape, Enter, Tab, Backtab. The key is passed to the
// handler.
func (t *TextView) SetDoneFunc(handler func(key tcell.Key)) *TextView {
	t.done = handler
	return t
}

// Clear removes all text from the buffer.
func (t *TextView) Clear() *TextView {
	t.buffer = nil
	t.recentBytes = nil
	t.index = nil
	return t
}

// Highlight specifies which regions should be highlighted. See class
// description for details on regions. Empty region strings are ignored.
//
// Text in highlighted regions will be drawn inverted, i.e. with their
// background and foreground colors swapped.
//
// Calling this function will remove any previous highlights. To remove all
// highlights, call this function without any arguments.
func (t *TextView) Highlight(regionIDs ...string) *TextView {
	t.highlights = make(map[string]struct{})
	for _, id := range regionIDs {
		if id == "" {
			continue
		}
		t.highlights[id] = struct{}{}
	}
	return t
}

// GetHighlights returns the IDs of all currently highlighted regions.
func (t *TextView) GetHighlights() (regionIDs []string) {
	for id := range t.highlights {
		regionIDs = append(regionIDs, id)
	}
	return
}

// ScrollToHighlight will cause the visible area to be scrolled so that the
// highlighted regions appear in the visible area of the text view. This
// repositioning happens the next time the text view is drawn. It happens only
// once so you will need to call this function repeatedly to always keep
// highlighted regions in view.
//
// Nothing happens if there are no highlighted regions or if the text view is
// not scrollable.
func (t *TextView) ScrollToHighlight() *TextView {
	if len(t.highlights) == 0 || !t.scrollable || !t.regions {
		return t
	}
	t.index = nil
	t.scrollToHighlights = true
	t.trackEnd = false
	return t
}

// GetRegionText returns the text of the region with the given ID. If dynamic
// colors are enabled, color tags are stripped from the text. Newlines are
// always returned as '\n' runes.
//
// If the region does not exist or if regions are turned off, an empty string
// is returned.
func (t *TextView) GetRegionText(regionID string) string {
	if !t.regions || regionID == "" {
		return ""
	}

	var (
		buffer          bytes.Buffer
		currentRegionID string
	)

	for _, str := range t.buffer {
		// Find all color tags in this line.
		var colorTagIndices [][]int
		if t.dynamicColors {
			colorTagIndices = colorPattern.FindAllStringIndex(str, -1)
		}

		// Find all regions in this line.
		var (
			regionIndices [][]int
			regions       [][]string
		)
		if t.regions {
			regionIndices = regionPattern.FindAllStringIndex(str, -1)
			regions = regionPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(str, -1)
		}

		// Analyze this line.
		var currentTag, currentRegion int
		for pos, ch := range str {
			// Skip any color tags.
			if currentTag < len(colorTagIndices) && pos >= colorTagIndices[currentTag][0] && pos < colorTagIndices[currentTag][1] {
				if pos == colorTagIndices[currentTag][1]-1 {
					currentTag++
				}
				continue
			}

			// Skip any regions.
			if currentRegion < len(regionIndices) && pos >= regionIndices[currentRegion][0] && pos < regionIndices[currentRegion][1] {
				if pos == regionIndices[currentRegion][1]-1 {
					if currentRegionID == regionID {
						// This is the end of the requested region. We're done.
						return buffer.String()
					}
					currentRegionID = regions[currentRegion][1]
					currentRegion++
				}
				continue
			}

			// Add this rune.
			if currentRegionID == regionID {
				buffer.WriteRune(ch)
			}
		}

		// Add newline.
		if currentRegionID == regionID {
			buffer.WriteRune('\n')
		}
	}

	return buffer.String()
}

// Write lets us implement the io.Writer interface.
func (t *TextView) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
	// Notify at the end.
	if t.changed != nil {
		defer t.changed()
	}

	t.Lock()
	defer t.Unlock()

	// Copy data over.
	newBytes := append(t.recentBytes, p...)
	t.recentBytes = nil

	// If we have a trailing invalid UTF-8 byte, we'll wait.
	if r, _ := utf8.DecodeLastRune(p); r == utf8.RuneError {
		t.recentBytes = newBytes
		return len(p), nil
	}

	// If we have a trailing open dynamic color, exclude it.
	if t.dynamicColors {
		openColor := regexp.MustCompile(`\[[a-z]+$`)
		location := openColor.FindIndex(newBytes)
		if location != nil {
			t.recentBytes = newBytes[location[0]:]
			newBytes = newBytes[:location[0]]
		}
	}

	// Transform the new bytes into strings.
	newLine := regexp.MustCompile(`\r?\n`)
	for index, line := range newLine.Split(string(newBytes), -1) {
		if index == 0 {
			if len(t.buffer) == 0 {
				t.buffer = []string{line}
			} else {
				t.buffer[len(t.buffer)-1] += line
			}
		} else {
			t.buffer = append(t.buffer, line)
		}
	}

	// Reset the index.
	t.index = nil

	return len(p), nil
}

// reindexBuffer re-indexes the buffer such that we can use it to easily draw
// the buffer onto the screen. Each line in the index will contain a pointer
// into the buffer from which on we will print text. It will also contain the
// color with which the line starts.
func (t *TextView) reindexBuffer(width int) {
	if t.index != nil && width == t.indexWidth {
		return // Nothing has changed. We can still use the current index.
	}
	t.index = nil
	t.fromHighlight, t.toHighlight = -1, -1

	var (
		regionID    string
		highlighted bool
	)
	t.longestLine = 0
	color := t.textColor
	if !t.wrap {
		width = math.MaxInt64
	}
	for index, str := range t.buffer {
		// Find all color tags in this line.
		var (
			colorTagIndices [][]int
			colorTags       [][]string
		)
		if t.dynamicColors {
			colorTagIndices = colorPattern.FindAllStringIndex(str, -1)
			colorTags = colorPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(str, -1)
		}

		// Find all regions in this line.
		var (
			regionIndices [][]int
			regions       [][]string
		)
		if t.regions {
			regionIndices = regionPattern.FindAllStringIndex(str, -1)
			regions = regionPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(str, -1)
		}

		// We also keep a reference to empty lines.
		if len(str) == 0 {
			t.index = append(t.index, &textViewIndex{
				Line:   index,
				Pos:    0,
				Color:  color,
				Region: regionID,
			})
		}

		// Break down the line.
		var currentTag, currentRegion, currentWidth int
		for pos := range str {
			// Skip any color tags.
			if currentTag < len(colorTags) && pos >= colorTagIndices[currentTag][0] && pos < colorTagIndices[currentTag][1] {
				if pos == colorTagIndices[currentTag][1]-1 {
					color = textColors[colorTags[currentTag][1]]
					currentTag++
				}
				continue
			}

			// Check regions.
			if currentRegion < len(regionIndices) && pos >= regionIndices[currentRegion][0] && pos < regionIndices[currentRegion][1] {
				if pos == regionIndices[currentRegion][1]-1 {
					// We're done with this region.
					regionID = regions[currentRegion][1]

					// Is this region highlighted?
					_, highlighted = t.highlights[regionID]

					currentRegion++
				}
				continue
			}

			// Add this line.
			if currentWidth == 0 {
				t.index = append(t.index, &textViewIndex{
					Line:   index,
					Pos:    pos,
					Color:  color,
					Region: regionID,
				})
			}

			// Update highlight range.
			if highlighted {
				line := len(t.index) - 1
				if t.fromHighlight < 0 {
					t.fromHighlight, t.toHighlight = line, line
				} else if line > t.toHighlight {
					t.toHighlight = line
				}
			}

			// Proceed.
			currentWidth++

			// Have we crossed the width?
			if t.wrap && currentWidth >= width {
				currentWidth = 0
			}

			// Do we have a new maximum width?
			if currentWidth > t.longestLine {
				t.longestLine = currentWidth
			}
		}
	}

	t.indexWidth = width
}

// Draw draws this primitive onto the screen.
func (t *TextView) Draw(screen tcell.Screen) {
	t.Lock()
	defer t.Unlock()
	t.Box.Draw(screen)

	// Get the available size.
	x, y, width, height := t.GetInnerRect()
	t.pageSize = height

	// Re-index.
	t.reindexBuffer(width)

	// Move to highlighted regions.
	if t.regions && t.scrollToHighlights && t.fromHighlight >= 0 {
		// Do we fit the entire height?
		if t.toHighlight-t.fromHighlight+1 < height {
			// Yes, let's center the highlights.
			t.lineOffset = (t.fromHighlight + t.toHighlight - height) / 2
		} else {
			// No, let's move to the start of the highlights.
			t.lineOffset = t.fromHighlight
		}
	}
	t.scrollToHighlights = false

	// Adjust line offset.
	if t.lineOffset+height > len(t.index) {
		t.trackEnd = true
	}
	if t.trackEnd {
		t.lineOffset = len(t.index) - height
	}
	if t.lineOffset < 0 {
		t.lineOffset = 0
	}

	// Adjust column offset.
	if t.columnOffset+width > t.longestLine {
		t.columnOffset = t.longestLine - width
	}
	if t.columnOffset < 0 {
		t.columnOffset = 0
	}

	// Draw the buffer.
	for line := t.lineOffset; line < len(t.index); line++ {
		// Are we done?
		if line-t.lineOffset >= height {
			break
		}

		// Get the text for this line.
		index := t.index[line]
		text := t.buffer[index.Line][index.Pos:]
		color := index.Color
		regionID := index.Region

		// Get color tags.
		var (
			colorTagIndices [][]int
			colorTags       [][]string
		)
		if t.dynamicColors {
			colorTagIndices = colorPattern.FindAllStringIndex(text, -1)
			colorTags = colorPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1)
		}

		// Get regions.
		var (
			regionIndices [][]int
			regions       [][]string
		)
		if t.regions {
			regionIndices = regionPattern.FindAllStringIndex(text, -1)
			regions = regionPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1)
		}

		// Print one line.
		var currentTag, currentRegion, skip, posX int
		for pos, ch := range text {
			// Get the color.
			if currentTag < len(colorTags) && pos >= colorTagIndices[currentTag][0] && pos < colorTagIndices[currentTag][1] {
				if pos == colorTagIndices[currentTag][1]-1 {
					color = textColors[colorTags[currentTag][1]]
					currentTag++
				}
				continue
			}

			// Get the region.
			if currentRegion < len(regionIndices) && pos >= regionIndices[currentRegion][0] && pos < regionIndices[currentRegion][1] {
				if pos == regionIndices[currentRegion][1]-1 {
					regionID = regions[currentRegion][1]
					currentRegion++
				}
				continue
			}

			// Skip to the right.
			if !t.wrap && skip < t.columnOffset {
				skip++
				continue
			}

			// Stop at the right border.
			if posX >= width {
				break
			}

			// Do we highlight this character?
			style := tcell.StyleDefault.Background(t.backgroundColor).Foreground(color)
			if len(regionID) > 0 {
				if _, ok := t.highlights[regionID]; ok {
					style = tcell.StyleDefault.Background(color).Foreground(t.backgroundColor)
				}
			}

			// Draw the character.
			screen.SetContent(x+posX, y+line-t.lineOffset, ch, nil, style)

			// Advance.
			posX++
		}
	}

	// If this view is not scrollable, we'll purge the buffer of lines that have
	// scrolled out of view.
	if !t.scrollable && t.lineOffset > 0 {
		t.buffer = t.buffer[t.index[t.lineOffset].Line:]
		t.index = nil
	}
}

// InputHandler returns the handler for this primitive.
func (t *TextView) InputHandler() func(event *tcell.EventKey, setFocus func(p Primitive)) {
	return func(event *tcell.EventKey, setFocus func(p Primitive)) {
		// Do we pass this event on?
		if t.capture != nil {
			if !t.capture(event) {
				return
			}
		}

		key := event.Key()

		if key == tcell.KeyEscape || key == tcell.KeyEnter || key == tcell.KeyTab || key == tcell.KeyBacktab {
			if t.done != nil {
				t.done(key)
			}
			return
		}

		if !t.scrollable {
			return
		}

		switch key {
		case tcell.KeyRune:
			switch event.Rune() {
			case 'g': // Home.
				t.trackEnd = false
				t.lineOffset = 0
				t.columnOffset = 0
			case 'G': // End.
				t.trackEnd = true
				t.columnOffset = 0
			case 'j': // Down.
				t.lineOffset++
			case 'k': // Up.
				t.trackEnd = false
				t.lineOffset--
			case 'h': // Left.
				t.columnOffset--
			case 'l': // Right.
				t.columnOffset++
			}
		case tcell.KeyHome:
			t.trackEnd = false
			t.lineOffset = 0
			t.columnOffset = 0
		case tcell.KeyEnd:
			t.trackEnd = true
			t.columnOffset = 0
		case tcell.KeyUp:
			t.trackEnd = false
			t.lineOffset--
		case tcell.KeyDown:
			t.lineOffset++
		case tcell.KeyLeft:
			t.columnOffset--
		case tcell.KeyRight:
			t.columnOffset++
		case tcell.KeyPgDn, tcell.KeyCtrlF:
			t.lineOffset += t.pageSize
		case tcell.KeyPgUp, tcell.KeyCtrlB:
			t.trackEnd = false
			t.lineOffset -= t.pageSize
		}
	}
}