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Server Setup Guide 🖥️

This guide will walk you through setting up your home server with CasaOS, Nginx, Cockpit, and additional configurations like setting a static IP address and adding external storage. For this tutorial, I will be using my Raspberry Pi 5. Those using a PC/Laptop for setting up your server can skip the Raspberry Pi Setup section and proceed with the next steps.

Prerequisites 📦

  • Raspberry Pi 5 with power supply
  • MicroSD card (32GB or larger)
  • External storage (HDD/SSD) if needed
  • Keyboard, monitor, and Ethernet/Wi-Fi connection for initial setup

1. Raspberry Pi Setup 🛠️

Steps to Follow:

  1. Download Raspberry Pi Imager:
    Download the official Raspberry Pi Imager from here.

  2. Flash the OS:
    Use the tool to format and flash the required OS onto your microSD card using a card reader. It’s recommended to use Raspberry Pi OS (64-bit), which includes a GUI.
    While flashing, enable the SSH option in the advanced settings.

  3. Initial Boot:

    • Insert the microSD card into your Raspberry Pi.
    • Connect the Raspberry Pi to power, a monitor, and a keyboard.
    • Follow the on-screen prompts to complete the setup (Wi-Fi, timezone, etc.). It’s preferred to use a LAN/Ethernet connection instead of Wi-Fi.

  4. Update System:
    Open a terminal and run:

    sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

  5. Install Basic Tools:

    sudo apt install nala -y              # APT alternative with better readability

sudo nala install openssh-server -y  # Install SSH server (if not preinstalled)
sudo systemctl start ssh             # Start the SSH service
sudo systemctl enable ssh            # Enable SSH on boot
sudo systemctl status ssh            # Verify SSH service is active

2. Assigning a Static IP Address 📡

To ensure your server always has the same IP address:

  1. Access Your Router Settings:

    • Open a terminal on your PC and check your default gateway:
    # Windows
ipconfig

# Linux/Mac
ifconfig
    • Note the Default Gateway IP (e.g., 192.168.1.1) and the MAC Address of your server.

  2. Set Up a Static IP:

    • Log in to your router’s admin page (enter the Default Gateway IP in your browser).
    • Navigate to DHCP Settings or Static IP Configuration.
      (For my router, it’s under: Home Page > Advanced Options > LAN > DHCP Static IP)
    • Add a new static IP entry with your server's MAC address and desired IP address.

  3. Reboot the server:

    sudo reboot

    Your server should now always use the assigned static IP.

3. Assigning a Local Domain Name (Optional) 🌐

Assigning a domain name (e.g., server.local) makes it easier to remember your server address.

  1. Access Router’s Static DNS Settings: Navigate to the Static DNS option in your router settings.
    (For my router, it’s under: Home Page > Advanced Options > Applications > Static DNS)

  2. Set Up a Local Domain Name:

    • Add an entry with the desired domain name (e.g., server.local) and the static IP address of your server.
    • Save and apply the changes.

  3. Test the Configuration:
    Open a terminal and check:

    ping <server-ip>
ping <domain-name>

    Replace <server-ip> with the static IP and <domain-name> with the local domain name you set.

4. Accessing Your Server 🛢️

Using your PC/Laptop, SSH into the server:

ssh <username>@<ip-address/domain-name>

Replace <username> with your server’s username (usually pi or root) and <ip-address/domain-name> with the static IP or local domain name.

Conclusion 👋

This section outlines the basic server setup. Check out the other sections in the repository for detailed instructions on installing other tools, adding external storage, and other configurations.