Feature/bmauer/fixes #2149

[bena-nasa]

This PR updates the arithemetic expression parser to use the new field utilities to work ons fields, rather than arrays. This means it can now work in a rank/type agnostic fashion which crucial for future development since ExtDataDriver.x makes use of this extensively and was limited to 2D/3D gridded fields without this.

In addition I found several bugs in the new field utilities. These were:

1. The binary operator template had a bug, and the test was not working to catch it which I quickly found when trying to use these in the expression parser.
2. The field clone function had been improperly implemented in the initial fieldBlas implementation and moreover the test that had been added for it that wasn't actually added with an @test nor even if it had been was it doing anything. This function was implemented and a proper test was added.
3. The initial testing framework in the geom directory never even added a way to create and test fields with ungridded dimensions for some bizarre reason. I added that.

This also requires 2 new features to the field geom class:

1. I added a "**" operator to the binary operators as this was necessary for the expression parser.

2. A "broadcast" copy, the idea is if you want to copy field x of rank x_r to field y of rank y_r, if y_r = x_r + 1 and the shape of the first x_r dimensions in field y matches field x, then copy the pointer from x to y and replicate x along the last dimension of y. This is 110% crucial for ExtDatDriver.x and without this I would be hosed and this is non-negotiable for inclusion.

Description

Related Issue

Motivation and Context

How Has This Been Tested?

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Trivial change (affects only documentation or cleanup)

Checklist:

• I have tested this change with a run of GEOSgcm (if non-trivial)
• I have added one of the required labels (0 diff, 0 diff trivial, 0 diff structural, non 0-diff)
• I have updated the CHANGELOG.md accordingly following the style of Keep a Changelog

[bena-nasa]

Yes I see the gfortran test is failing. I will see what is going on and fix.

[bena-nasa]

ok, fixed gnu on Discover, lets see what the CI does.

[atrayano]

Looks reasonable