diff --git a/poetry/console/commands/publish.py b/poetry/console/commands/publish.py
index bd777bb65d2..6ec2cf3480a 100644
--- a/poetry/console/commands/publish.py
+++ b/poetry/console/commands/publish.py
@@ -75,10 +75,27 @@ def handle(self) -> Optional[int]:
             Path(self.option("client-cert")) if self.option("client-cert") else None
         )
 
+        repository_name = self.option("repository")
+        username, password = self.option("username"), self.option("password")
+        if repository_name and not username and not password:
+            try:
+                repository = self.poetry.pool.repository(repository_name)
+                auth = repository.auth
+            except AttributeError as error:
+                raise AttributeError(
+                    f"No credentials available for {repository_name}"
+                ) from error
+            except ValueError:
+                raise ValueError(f"No repository named {repository_name} found")
+            else:
+                if auth:
+                    username = auth.username
+                    password = auth.password
+
         publisher.publish(
-            self.option("repository"),
-            self.option("username"),
-            self.option("password"),
+            repository_name,
+            username,
+            password,
             cert,
             client_cert,
             self.option("dry-run"),
diff --git a/poetry/repositories/legacy_repository.py b/poetry/repositories/legacy_repository.py
index 60fd8c8b6fa..4dbb0ec8b38 100644
--- a/poetry/repositories/legacy_repository.py
+++ b/poetry/repositories/legacy_repository.py
@@ -217,6 +217,10 @@ def __init__(
 
         self._disable_cache = disable_cache
 
+    @property
+    def auth(self) -> Optional[requests.auth.HTTPBasicAuth]:
+        return self._authenticator.session.auth
+
     @property
     def cert(self) -> Optional[Path]:
         return self._cert