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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>《更了不起的 Node 4:将下一代 Web 框架 Koa 进行到底》</title>
<meta name="description" content="A framework for easily creating beautiful presentations using HTML">
<meta name="author" content="Hakim El Hattab">
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</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section>
<h1>更了不起的 Node 4</h1>
<p>将下一代 Web 框架 Koa 进行到底</p>
<p>
<small>Created by <a href="https://cnodejs.org/user/i5ting">i5ting</a> / <a href="http://github.com/i5ting">@i5ting</a></small>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<section data-background="#dddddd">
<a href="#" class="navigate-down">
<img width="800" height="538" data-src="images/me.png" alt="Down arrow">
</a>
</section>
<section data-background="#dddddd">
<h2>Node全栈公众号</h2>
<p>
<p>什么是全栈？一直站在前面讲么？</p>
<br>
<img src='images/nodeonly-wechat.png'/>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Oh hey, these are some notes. They'll be hidden in your presentation, but you can see them if you open the speaker notes window (hit 's' on your keyboard).
</aside>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section data-markdown>
## 主要内容
1. 一张图看懂Node.js 4
1. 推荐技术栈
1. 核心变更
1. 为什么要选Koa？
1. Koa实践
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Part 1：一张图看懂Node.js 4</h2>
</section>
<section>
<img src='images/cover.png' />
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#9c56b9" data-background-transition="zoom">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#9c56b9" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Part 2：技术栈推荐</h2>
<p>
http://nodeonly.com/stack/
</p>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 2015年推荐
- express 4.x （express最新版本，初学者先别去碰koa）
- mongoose（mongodb）
- bluebird（Promise/A+实现）
- jade（视图层模板）
- mocha（测试）
- node-inspector(调试)
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 2016年推荐
- koa 1.0 && 2.0 （koa2.0刚发布不久，喜欢折腾的可以考虑）
- mongoose（mongodb）
- bluebird（Promise/A+实现）
- jade（视图层模板）
- ava（测试）
- vscode(调试)
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Why?
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 推荐Koa生成器
支持koa 1 和 Koa 2（稍后会把ava和bluebird加上）
https://github.com/17koa/koa-generator
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="zoom">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Part 3：核心变更</h2>
<p>1）Node SDK里的ES 6 语法支持</p>
<p>2）Koa</p>
<p>3）异步流程控制</p>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 2.1 ES 6 语法支持
- ECMAScript 2015 (ES6) in Node.js https://nodejs.org/en/docs/es6/
- 使用Node.js 4.x或5.x里的es6特性，高级可用[babel](babeljs.com)
- 合理使用[standard](https://github.com/feross/standard) 代码风格约定
- 需要大家重视OO（面向对象）写法的学习和使用
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Koa
- express
- koa 1
- koa 2
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 异步流程控制
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 模块生态
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#e87e04" data-background-transition="zoom">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#e87e04" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Part 4：为什么要选Koa？</h2>
<br>
<p class="fragment">
1. 性能
</p>
<p class="fragment">
2. 异步流程控制
</p>
<p class="fragment">
3. Koa核心概念
</p>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 4.1 性能
http://17koa.com/koa-benchmark/
</section>
<section data-markdown>
```
benchmark koa-1
1 middleware 5893.92
5 middleware 5902.22
10 middleware 1935.14
15 middleware 5300.84
20 middleware 5137.80
30 middleware 5339.12
50 middleware 5049.62
100 middleware 4578.32
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
```
benchmark koa-2
1 middleware 5872.58
5 middleware 5729.20
10 middleware 4860.80
15 middleware 5767.69
20 middleware 5766.93
30 middleware 5446.56
50 middleware 5022.90
100 middleware 5250.70
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
```
benchmark koa-2-async
1 async middleware 5815.71
5 async middleware 4639.42
10 async middleware 4423.81
15 async middleware 4261.05
20 async middleware 4217.97
30 async middleware 3620.62
50 async middleware 2478.95
100 async middleware 1745.38
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
```
benchmark express
1 middleware 6374.90
5 middleware 6098.11
10 middleware 4436.94
15 middleware 4344.61
20 middleware 5904.50
30 middleware 5945.77
50 middleware 5171.96
100 middleware 4317.21
```
</section>
<section>
<h2>4.2 异步流程改进</h2>
<p class="fragment">
1. callback
</p>
<p class="fragment">
2. Promise/A+
</p>
<p class="fragment">
3. generator/yield + co
</p>
<p class="fragment">
4. async/await
</p>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## ES 6里的Generator
Generators are a way of returning an arbitrary sequence of results from a function, with the function’s execution suspended in between results.
- 参考协程，在 ES6 实现的
- 交出函数的执行权（即暂停执行）
- 外在形式：`function *(){}`
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Generator野史
- JS 版本的 Generator 最早是由 Brendan Eich 实现，他借鉴了 Python Generator的实现，该实现的灵感来自 Icon
- 早在 2006 年的 Firefox 2.0 就吸纳了 Generator。但标准化的道路是坎坷的，一路下来，其语法和行为都发生了很多改变
- Firefox 和 Chrome 中的 ES6 Generator 是由 Andy Wingo 实现 ，这项工作是由 Bloomberg 赞助的
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## yield
```
I will not yield a step.
我寸步不让。
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 不调用next()，甭想执行
```
function* gen(x){
var y = yield x + 2;
return y;
}
var g = gen(1);
g.next() // { value: 3, done: false }
g.next(2) // { value: 2, done: true }
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 实例
```
let getTweets = function* () {
let totalTweets = [];
let data;
```
```
// pause. On `iterator.next()` get the 1st tweet and carry on.
data = yield get('https://api.myjson.com/bins/2qjdn');
totalTweets.push(data);
// pause. On `iterator.next()` get the 2nd tweet and carry on.
data = yield get('https://api.myjson.com/bins/3zjqz');
totalTweets.push(data);
// pause. On `iterator.next()` get the 3rd tweet and carry on.
data = yield get('https://api.myjson.com/bins/29e3f');
totalTweets.push(data);
```
```
// log the tweets
console.log(totalTweets);
};
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## co
Generator based control flow goodness for nodejs and the browser, using promises, letting you write non-blocking code in a nice-ish way.
```
co(function* () {
var result = yield Promise.resolve(true);
return result;
}).then(function (value) {
console.log(value);
}, function (err) {
console.error(err.stack);
});
```
- next在哪里？
- 竟然还可以promise？
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## generator相关小结
- generator 协程在 ES6 的实现
- yield 让步
- next执行
- co = 执行 + promise
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## async/await
- 语义上更好
- 内置执行器
- 通用性
```
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
const start = new Date();
await next();
const ms = new Date() - start;
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`);
});
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## async/await
它就一个语法糖
```
function _asyncToGenerator(fn) {
return function () {
var gen = fn.apply(this, arguments);
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
function step(key, arg) {
try {
var info = gen[key](arg); var value = info.value;
} catch (error) { reject(error); return; }
if (info.done) {
resolve(value);
} else {
```
```
return Promise.resolve(value)
.then(function (value) {
return step("next", value);
}, function (err) {
return step("throw", err); });
}
}
return step("next");
});
};
}
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 看看编译后
```
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
await next();
ctx.body = body;
});
```
翻译后
```
app.use((() => {
var ref = _asyncToGenerator(function* (ctx, next) {
yield next();
ctx.body = body;
});
return function (_x3, _x4) {
return ref.apply(this, arguments);
};
})());
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
# 4.3 Koa核心概念
- 什么是Middleware？
</section>
<section data-markdown>
# Express vs Koa 1
Express
```
function middleware(req, res, next) {
...
next()
}
```
koa 1
```
middleware = function *(next){
...
yield next
...
this.xxx
}
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## koa 2 中间件 Common function
```
app.use((ctx, next) => {
const start = new Date();
return next().then(() => {
const ms = new Date() - start;
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`);
});
});
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## koa 2 中间件 async functions (Babel required)
```
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
const start = new Date();
await next();
const ms = new Date() - start;
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`);
});
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## koa 2 中间件 GeneratorFunction
```
app.use(co.wrap(function *(ctx, next) {
const start = new Date();
yield next();
const ms = new Date() - start;
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`);
}));
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Middleware
</section>
<section data-markdown>
app.js里堆叠的那些。。。
</section>
<section data-markdown>
```
router.get('/', $middlewares.check_api_token, $.api.list);
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Context
- req/res
- this
- ctx
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Context
```
let m = async (ctx, next) => {
...
}
```
等于
```
var m = async function (ctx, next) {
...
}
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Lifecycle
- config.pre
- settings
- config.before_settings
- config.after_settings
- global_middlewares
- config.before_global_middlewares
- config.after_global_middlewares
- routes
- config.before_routes
- config.after_routes
- config.post
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#01bf9d" data-background-transition="zoom">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#01bf9d" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Part 5：生态与模块</h2>
<img src='images/npm2.png' width='800px' height='600px'/>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## Node.js能干什么？
- 网站（如express/koa等）
- im即时聊天(socket.io)
- api（移动端，pc，h5）
- http proxy（淘宝首页）
- 前端构建工具(grunt/gulp/bower/webpack/fis3...)
- 写操作系统（NodeOS）
- 跨平台打包工具（nw.js,electron）
- 命令行工具（比如cordova）
- 编辑器（atom，vscode）
https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome-nodejs
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## VSCode debug
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## AVA: Futuristic test runner
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## ava 代码
```
import test from 'ava';
test('foo', t => {
t.pass();
});
test('bar', async t => {
const bar = Promise.resolve('bar');
t.is(await bar, 'bar');
});
```
- 主要是针对es 6、7最新语法的支持
- 更简洁，抄了不少其他测试库的优点
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## npm
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
```
wrk -t8 -c1000 -d2 http://127.0.0.1:3333 > wrk.log
```
结果
```
Running 2s test @ http://127.0.0.1:3333
8 threads and 1000 connections
Thread Stats Avg Stdev(标准偏差) Max +/- Stdev( 正负一个标准差占比)
Latency 135.20ms 40.84ms 389.59ms 93.44%
Req/Sec 683.58 294.98 1.24k 62.99%
10712 requests in 2.10s, 1.54MB read
Socket errors: connect 0, read 202, write 14, timeout 0
Requests/sec: 5108.43
Transfer/sec: 753.29KB
```
- Latency: 可以理解为响应时间
- Req/Sec: 每个线程每秒钟的完成的请求数
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 可视化
- 做测试单次不具有比较意义
- 单一框架也不具有比较意义
然后呢？
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
1）提取文本
```
Running 2s test @ http://127.0.0.1:3333
```
正则js里的match
```
/Running\s(\d+)s\s+test\s+\@\s+http:\/\/([\w\W]+):([\d+]+)\n?/
```
- result[1] = 2s
- result[2] = 127.0.0.1
- result[3] = 3333
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
2）wrkparser
Install
```
npm i -S wrkparser
```
Usages
```
var obj = require('wrkparser')('wrk.log', 'wrk.log.json')
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
3）合并多次测试结果你(wrk_scan)
- 遍历所有*.log日志文件
- 使用wrkparser生成wrk.log.json
- 合并多个log.json为wrk.json
```
var files = require('fs').readdirSync(path)
// console.log(files)
var result = {}
files.forEach(function(file){
if (/\.log$/.test(file)) {
console.log(file)
result[file.replace('.log', '')] = require('wrkparser')(file)
}
})
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
4）可视化
- ajax读取wrk.json
- 生成图表（支持排序等）
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
5）cli支持
package.json里加入
```
"preferGlobal": "true",
"bin": {
"wrk_scan": "bin/wrk_scan.js"
},
```
扫描当前目录下的日志，合并生产wrk.json
```
$ npm i -g wrk_scan
$ wrk_scan
```
</section>
<section data-markdown>
## 举例：性能测试
6）TODO
- html图表自动生成
- 更多选项（比如支持nvd3）
http://17koa.com/koa-benchmark/
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#1fcf6d" data-background-transition="zoom" >
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#1fcf6d" data-background-transition="zoom" data-markdown>
## 回顾一下
1. 一张图看懂Node.js 4
1. 核心变更
1. 推荐技术栈
1. 为什么要选Koa？
1. 生态与模块
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#1fcf6d" data-background-transition="zoom" data-markdown>
## Koa实践
1. HTTP（req和res相关，form && ajax、文件上传）
1. Session
1. API
1. Pub/Sub
1. MQ
1. Database、Cache
1. Scaffold
1. 部署
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#1fcf6d" data-background-transition="zoom" >
<h2>招聘Nodejs工程师, 我亲自带</h2>
目标全栈
<p class="fragment">天津</p>
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#5babe6" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Q & A</h2>
<p>
少抱怨，多思考，未来更美好。有的时候我看的不是你一时的能力，而是你面对世界的态度。
</p>
<img width="178" height="238" data-src="images/q&a.jpg" alt="Down arrow">
<p class="fragment">console.log('The End, Thanks~')</p>
</section>
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